精品解析：上海市曹杨中学2026-2027学年高一第一学期10月阶段测试英语试题

高一英语 第一卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A.There won’t be enough cups left. B. They’ve got plenty of cups. C. They’re buying what they need. D. They’ve got enough food for the picnic. 2. A. Couple. B. Colleagues. C. Parent and teacher. D. Employee and job consultant. 3. A. In a restaurant across the street. B. In a garden near the restaurant. C. In a driving club not far away. D. In a car on the way. 4. A. She prepared for the presentation but haven’t finished it yet. B. She didn’t come back until midnight. C. She was interrupted by a visiting friend. D. She visited her friend all night. 5. A. In July. B. In August. C. In January. D. In June. 6. A. At last, she enjoys her time at work. B. Work life hasn’t changed much since this year. C. She does as well as her colleagues. D. She doesn’t find fun at work. 7. A. Betty. B. Jane. C. Tom. D. Mary. 8. A. She doesn’t have the key to the computer. B. Her computer is infected with virus. C. She was attacked by virus and got a cold. D. She needs to check her email. 9. A. On Tuesday night. B. Next Thursday. C. On Tuesday morning. D. Next Friday. 10. A. To tell him they are busy. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To invite him to see a film. D. To ask him a question about a film. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A.A ban on borrowing books again. B. Fine and possible jail time. C. A ban on having credit cards. D. A ban on being near the library. 12. A. Because they want to have the books as their own. B. Because they don’t treat the bond（契约）with library seriously. C. Because they are too far away from the library. D. Because they have many people read the books. 13. A. Informing the borrower through email or text. B. Fining the borrower. C. Sending a letter to the borrower. D. Issuing a court summons（发出法庭传票）. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To try to become time-efficient. B. To make a to-do list. C. To keep enough sleep. D. To eat proper food. 15. A. You will be very tired. B. You will be bad-tempered. C. You will be slow in response. D. You will be unable to finish all the tasks. 16. A. Sugar. B. Meat. C. Cookies. D. Apples. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The golden sunlight. B. The medieval architecture. C. The unimaginable blue of the Mediterranean Sea. D. The graffiti（涂鸦）on the wall. 18. A. It messes up the environment. B. It makes the island lively. C. It is rarely seen. D. It is boring. 19. A. They are skillful and are good in taste. B. They are good at tasting food. C. They are famous painters. D. They paint too many abstract paintings. 20. A. Because it promotes tourism. B. Because it ruins economy. C. Because it makes the city dirty. D. Because it copies other islands. Ⅱ. Choices 1. China ______ at a tremendous rate, an outstanding achievement never seen before, during the past two decades. A. developed B. had developed C. is developing D. has developed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的二十年里，中国以惊人的速度发展，取得了前所未有的卓越成就。根据时间状语“during the past two decades”可知，该时间状语表示从过去持续到现在的时间段，常用于现在完成时，强调动作从过去开始并对现在产生影响（即 “取得成就”）。现在完成时结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“China”为单数。用“has developed”。故选D。 2. The house belongs to my aunt but she______ here any more. A. hasn’t lived B. didn’t live C. hadn’t lived D. doesn’t live 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：那个房子属于我的阿姨，但是她不再住那里了。根据前面一句中的谓语动词belongs to，可知本句应用一般现在时。故选D项。 3. Send my regards to your lovely wife when you home. A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：当你给家里写信时，代我向你可爱的妻子致以问候。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，主句为祈使句，时间状语从句中使用一般现在时态表示将来的动作，所以从句中使用一般现在时态。故选D项。 4. AIDS is said _______ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：据说在过去的几年，艾滋病一直是那个地区的男男女女的最大的健康挑战。sth. is said to...是固定结构，所以只能选B或D再因为有时间状语over the past few years.我们必须用动词不定式的完成时。故选D。 考点：考查句子结构以及动词不定式的时态。 5. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _______. A. was booked B. had been booked C. were booked D. have been booked 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：经理走进办公室，得知五分之四的票已被预订，他很高兴。根据句意可知，票是被预订，且是在“was happy”之前发生，was happy是过去的动作，因此票被预订发生在过去的过去，因此空格处用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选B。 6. I feel it is your husband who _______ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主动表达被动。句意:我觉得你丈夫应该为宠坏孩子受责备。be to blame“应受责备”这是主动表被动的用法，故选A。 7. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $ 3,000 more than he ________for the wedding. A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我的朋友约翰上周结婚了，婚礼花去了3000美元，超过了原计划。分析语境可知plan表示的动作发生在spent这一过去动作之前，即发生在“过去的过去”故应该用过去完成时。故选D。 8. Is there anything ________ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belong C. that belongs D. which belongs 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：有什么东西是属于你的吗？空处引导定语从句修饰先行词anything，当先行词为不定代词anything时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which；anything表示单数意义，在从句中作主语时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式belongs；此外，belong to（属于）表示状态，为不及物动词短语，无被动语态。 9. Is this museum ________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个博物馆是你前几天参观的那个吗？句子的主语是this museum，系动词是Is，空处缺少句子的表语，且需要作为先行词被后面的定语从句you visited the other day修饰。the one在此处作表语，指代前面的名词museum，其后的定语从句中省略了作及物动词visited宾语的关系代词。 10. A high-tech park is announced to be built in this area, ________ will be put into practice next year. A. which B. that C. what D. as 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：据宣布，该地区将建一个高科技园区，这将在明年付诸实施。此处逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子（即建高科技园区这件事），用关系代词which指代前面整个主句内容，并在从句中作主语。 11. Do you still remember the days ____we spent together in America? A. when B. during which C. which D. on which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得我们在美国一起度过的日子吗?先行词为the days ，作定语从句中spent的宾语，关系代词为which。故选C项。 12. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这就是他所有的钱都被偷了的情况。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词case。定语从句结构完整，不缺少主语和宾语，因此需要使用关系副词作状语。在英语语法中，当先行词为case, situation, point, stage, condition等表示抽象地点的名词，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，通常使用关系副词where (相当于in which)。 13. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all. A. which B. what C. that D. when 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我希望我能够做的这点小事会对他们有好处。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，从句中少宾语，先行词是不定代词little，所以只能用that，不能用which。故选C。 【点睛】 14. Try to avoid such things _____ will do harm to your reputation, unless you don’t care about the rumors from all directions. A. as B. that C. whatever D. whether 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：尽量避免会损害你的声誉的事情，除非你不在乎来自四面八方的谣言。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为things，从句中缺少主语，再由such可知，应使用关系代词as，构成“such...as...”，表示“像……一样的”或“诸如……之类”的意思，故选A项。 15. Then they showed all of the films at the party ________ students got awarded based on how much they’d improved rather than how good the films were. A. which B. when C. where D. in which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：然后他们在聚会上展示了所有的电影，在聚会上，学生们根据他们进步了多少而不是电影有多好而获得奖励。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the party。定语从句中主谓结构完整，不缺主语和宾语，关系词代替先行词the party，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导，也可用at which。 Ⅲ. Vocabulary Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. option B. borderlines C. reliably D. connectivity E. increasing F. divorcing G. functions H. interrupting I. presence J. reluctantly K. update How to work from home? There are many things that contribute to becoming a successful work-from-home employee. As more companies across nearly every industry accommodate a (n) ____16____ number of employees wishing to avoid traffic jam and office cold lunch, remote work has become an increasingly easy and breathlessly practical ____17____ for many who seek it. Here is a modest guide to becoming a successful remote employee. Before ____18____ yourself completely from the office, check with your corporate IT department and your manager to see if you are equipped with the programs and applications necessary to work remotely. Security first: If you connect to your company’s internal systems or email through a Virtual Private Network or other secure tunnel, make sure you’ve tested it and that it ____19____ from where you plan to work. Also, have a backup plan in the event your connection experiences disturbance. The same advice applies to internet ____20____. Make sure that if the wireless internet in your home office fails, you can still connect continuously through your smartphone, set up as a Wi-Fi hot spot. To do this, make sure you have the right wireless plan, especially if you handle large files. The ability to communicate quickly and ____21____ is the most priceless quality a remote employee needs to succeed. Do ____22____ your manager or boss frequently. Make sure group chat service and tools are installed and you know how to use them, and make your ____23____ known to your colleagues when you are available and working. Set ____24____ if you’re working at home by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits, and they should avoid ____25____ unless it’s important. Find time to go for short walks to help inspire productivity and creativity. One of the blessings of working remotely is the opportunity to live a more active lifestyle instead of being deskbound, but it’s important to make activity a habit. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. F 19. G 20. D 21. C 22. K 23. I 24. B 25. H 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何成为一名成功的远程办公员工，包括技术准备、沟通技巧和居家边界设定等方面的建议。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随着几乎所有行业中越来越多的公司接纳那些希望避开交通拥堵和办公室冷午餐的员工，远程工作对于许多寻求它的人来说已成为一种越来越简单且极其实用的选择。根据“number of employees”可知，此处应表达“不断增加的”，increasing意为“不断增长的”，修饰名词number，故填入increasing。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。根据“remote work has become an increasingly easy and breathlessly practical”可知，此处应表达“选择”，option意为“选择”，且an后接可数名词单数，应填入option。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：在将自己完全脱离办公室之前，请咨询公司的IT部门和你的经理，看看你是否配备了远程工作所需的程序和应用程序。根据“yourself completely from the office”可知，此处应表达“脱离；分离”，divorce...from意为“使……脱离”，且介词Before后接动名词形式，应填入divorcing。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：如果你通过虚拟专用网络或其他安全隧道连接到公司的内部系统或电子邮件，请确保你已经测试过它，并且它在你计划工作的地方能正常运行。根据“from where you plan to work”可知，此处应表达“运行；起作用”，function意为“运转；起作用”，且it为第三人称单数，描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，应填入functions。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：同样的建议也适用于互联网连接。根据“internet”和“Make sure that if the wireless internet in your home office fails”可知，此处应表达“连接”，connectivity意为“连接性；连通性”，作介词to的宾语，应填入connectivity。 【21题详解】 考查副词。句意：快速且可靠地沟通的能力是远程员工成功所需的最宝贵的品质。根据“communicate quickly and”可知，此处应表达“可靠地”，reliably意为“可靠地”，与quickly并列修饰动词communicate，应填入reliably。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：一定要经常向你的经理或老板同步最新工作情况。根据“your manager or boss frequently”可知，此处应表达“更新；告知最新情况”，update意为“更新；向……提供最新信息”，且Do用于强调祈使句，后接动词原形，应填入update。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：确保群聊服务和工具已安装并且你知道如何使用它们，并在你有空且在工作时让你的同事知道你的在线状态。根据“known to your colleagues when you are available and working”可知，此处应表达“存在；在场”，presence意为“存在；出席”，make your presence known意为“让别人知道你在场”，应填入presence。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果你在家工作，要设定界限，向家人或孩子解释你的工作区域是禁区，除非有重要事情，否则他们应该避免打扰。根据“by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits”可知，此处应表达“界限；边界”，borderline意为“边界线；分界线”，且Set后接名词复数表示“设定界限”，应填入borderlines。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：如果你在家工作，要设定界限，向家人或孩子解释你的工作区域是禁区，除非有重要事情，否则他们应该避免打扰。根据“unless it’s important”可知，此处应表达“打扰”，interrupt意为“打断；打扰”，且avoid后接动名词形式，应填入interrupting。 Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. It is one of the great puzzles of evolution. However, scientists are finally beginning to ____26____ the secrets of language. New research suggests that as many as 500,000 languages have lived and died since modern humans first evolved. Professor Mark Pagel, an evolutionary biologist, said: “It’s ____27____ to think we may have started speaking 160,000 to 200,000 years ago because that’s when modern humans evolved. In that time about 500,000 languages will have developed — but there may have been many more.” The most ____28____ linguistic (语言的)place is Papua New Guinea, which has 830 languages, making it home to one in eight of all the world’s languages. “It’s truly extraordinary,” said Pagel. “There are places in the coastal regions of Papua New Guinea where you can find a(n) ____29____ language spoken every couple of miles. I once met a Papuan man and I said to him, ‘This can’t possibly be ____30____,’ and he said to me, ‘Oh, no, it’s not — they’re far closer together than that.’” One ____31____ suggested by scientists for this linguistic variety is the climate, which makes it easy for small groups to grow their own food and survive. This means that more languages are ____32____ as each tribe (部落)develops its own. “Tribal groups use languages to make their territories,” said Pagel. “They use it to broadcast and advertise their ____33____ — and to distinguish themselves from others. It’s a way of drawing ____34____. Each language shows who is a member of the group and who isn’t.” For this reason, about 60% of the world’s languages are now found across equatorial Africa and the Pacific islands. ____35____ also influences the way in which sound is used in language. According to Robert, an anthropologist, people in warmer countries use ____36____ that help them communicate outdoors such as vowels (元音), which are easier to hear at a distance than consonants (辅音). With around 7,000 languages currently in existence across the globe, there are ____37____ languages than ever before in history, with only about 20 languages covering almost the ____38____ population of the world. The rest are spoken by tribal groups of usually only a few thousand. “Languages die out for political and geographical reasons,” said Pagel. “Some languages just get linked to successful stories ____39____ and they drive those languages. Every language on Earth is equally good at being a human language. There are no languages that are ____40____ others. There are just lucky ones.” 26. A. guard B. learn C. share D. unlock 27. A. reasonable B. questionable C. advantageous D. disturbing 28. A. satisfying B. challenging C. surprising D. disappointing 29. A. new B. old C. written D. oral 30. A. slow B. good C. fast D. true 31. A. consequence B. explanation C. solution D. influence 32. A. restrictive B. successful C. efficient D. complicated 33. A. identities B. abilities C. products D. service 34. A. frameworks B. conclusions C. boundaries D. schemes 35. A. Language B. Tribe C. Climate D. Food 36. A. expressions B. gestures C. signals D. sounds 37. A. fewer B. more C. easier D. harder 38. A. steady B. entire C. adult D. child 39. A. with doubt B. in power C. on average D. by accident 40. A. bad for B. dependent on C. superior to D. worthy of 【答案】26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍人类语言演化之谜，分析巴布亚新几内亚语言众多的现象，阐释气候对语言多样性与语音的影响，说明语言消亡原因并点明所有语言本身没有优劣之分。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，科学家们终于开始揭开语言的秘密。A. guard守卫；B. learn学习；C. share分享；D. unlock解开，揭示。根据前文“one of the great puzzles of evolution”以及后文“New research suggests”可知，语言起源一直是进化论中的一大谜题，而如今科学家正在逐步“揭开”其秘密。unlock the secrets意为“揭开秘密”。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：想到我们可能早在16万到20万年前就开始说话了，这很合理，因为那正是现代人类进化的时期。A. reasonable合理的；B. questionable可疑的；C. advantageous有利的；D. disturbing令人不安的。根据后文“because that’s when modern humans evolved”可知，科学家认为人类开始说话的时间与现代人类进化的时间相吻合，这个推论是合乎逻辑的。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最令人惊讶的语言地区是巴布亚新几内亚，那里有830种语言，占全世界语言总数的八分之一。A. satisfying令人满意的；B. challenging具有挑战性的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据后文“which has 830 languages, making it home to one in eight of all the world’s languages”可知，一个面积不大的地区竟拥有如此多的语言种类，这是非常“令人惊讶的”。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在巴布亚新几内亚沿海地区的某些地方，每隔几英里就能听到一种新的语言。A. new新的；B. old旧的；C. written书面的；D. oral口头的。根据前文“The most ____  linguistic (语言的) place is Papua New Guinea, which has 830 languages, making it home to one in eight of all the world’s languages.”提到新几内亚沿海地区语言众多可知，这里描述的是每隔一段距离就有一种新的语言。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我曾经遇到一个巴布亚男人，我对他说：“这不可能是真的吧。”他对我说：“哦，不，不是这样的——它们之间的距离比那还要近得多。”A. slow慢的；B. good好的；C. fast快的；D. true真实的。根据前文“you can find an ____ language spoken every couple of miles”以及后文那个巴布亚男人的回应“far closer together than that”可知，作者一开始不敢相信语言密度会这么高，所以问“这不可能是真的吧”。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：科学家对这种语言多样性提出的一种解释是气候，气候让小族群容易种植粮食生存。A. consequence结果；B. explanation解释；C. solution解决方案；D. influence影响。根据后文“for this linguistic variety is the climate”可知，科学家用气候来解释为什么会出现这么多不同的语言。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这意味着随着每个部落发展出自己的语言，更多的语言得以成功存活下来。A. restrictive限制性的；B. successful成功的；C. efficient高效的；D. complicated复杂的。根据前文“which makes it easy for small groups to grow their own food and survive”以及后文“as each tribe (部落) develops its own”可知，良好的气候条件使得小部落能够独立生存，因此每种部落语言都能成功地延续下去。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们用它来传播和宣示自己的身份，并以此将自己与他人区分开来。A. identities身份；B. abilities能力；C. products产品；D. service服务。根据后文“distinguish themselves from others”以及“Each language shows who is a member of the group and who isn’t”可知，部落通过语言来表明和宣告自己的身份归属。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是一种划分界限的方式。A. frameworks框架；B. conclusions结论；C. boundaries边界，界限；D. schemes方案。根据前文“Tribal groups use languages to make their territories”以及后文“Each language shows who is a member of the group and who isn’t”可知，语言被用来划定部落之间的分界线。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：气候也影响着语言中声音的使用方式。A. Language语言；B. Tribe部落；C. Climate气候；D. Food食物。根据前文第三段“the climate, which makes it easy for small groups to grow their own food and survive”以及后文“people in warmer countries use ____ that help them communicate outdoors”可知，本段继续讨论气候对语言的影响。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：根据人类学家罗伯特的说法，生活在较温暖国家的人们使用更容易在户外交流的声音，比如元音，元音在远距离比辅音更容易听清。A. expressions表达；B. gestures手势；C. signals信号；D. sounds声音。根据后文“such as vowels (元音), which are easier to hear at a distance than consonants (辅音)”可知，这里讨论的是语言中具体的声音元素。 【37题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：目前全球现存大约7000种语言，历史上现存语言数量比以往任何时候都更少，仅有大约20种语言覆盖几乎全世界人口。A. fewer更少的；B. more更多的；C. easier更容易的；D. harder更难的。根据后文“with only about 20 languages covering almost the entire population”以及“The rest are spoken by tribal groups of usually only a few thousand”可知，与历史上曾经存在过的50万种语言相比，现在只有7000种语言，因此现在的语言数量是更少的。 【38题详解】 考查形容词、名词。句意同上。A. steady稳定的；B. entire全部的；C. adult成年的；D. child儿童。根据前文“only about 20 languages”以及后文“The rest are spoken by tribal groups of usually only a few thousand”可知，这20种主流语言是全球使用人数最多的语言，几乎覆盖了全世界所有的人口，剩下的数千种小众语言，使用人数加起来也只占全球人口的极小一部分。 【39题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：一些语言总是与强势的成功发展模式联系在一起，从而推动这些语言的发展。A. with doubt怀疑地；B. in power掌权；C. on average平均而言；D. by accident偶然，碰巧。根据前文“Languages die out for political and geographical reasons”以及后文“they drive those languages”可知，有些语言之所以能够存续下来，并不是因为它们本身更优越，那些和强势的、掌权的大文明绑定的语言，才能随着文明的扩张，获得海量的使用者，从小众语言变成覆盖数十亿人的主流语言。 【40题详解】 考查形容词短语。句意：没有哪种语言比其他语言更优越。A. bad for对……有害；B. dependent on依赖于；C. superior to优于，比……优越；D. worthy of值得。根据前文“Every language on Earth is equally good at being a human language”以及后文“There are just lucky ones”可知，作者强调所有语言在本质上都是平等的，没有哪一种语言天生就优于其他语言。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Charlotte Uhlenbrock has just finished filming a TV series called Jungle — a hard 19-week job that involved her exploring the dense jungles of the Congo, the Amazon and Borneo. She says that it was fascinating, but scaring as well. So what was her most challenging experience? “Definitely climbing an 80-metre-high tree in Borneo, when I’m scared of heights! It was frightening! I had to keep going up and up, when a voice inside me was saying, “Down! Down!” I kept thinking the ropes were going to break and send me falling down below.” And “down below” was where the bugs were. Apart from the usual mosquitoes, in the Amazon rainforest she suffered a lot from sand-fly bites. “I’ve had some horrible bites but these really are the itchiest（最痒的）bites I’ve ever had. At one stage, I counted 70 bites on one arm,” she says. “Just as annoying were the sweat bees in the Congo. They try to drink the sweat on your face and even the tears from your eyes. The most disgusting thing, though, was trying to pull the leeches（蚂蟥）off your skin. The more I pulled, the more they stretched and the tighter their jaws held onto my leg. I kept shouting, ‘Get them off!’ and the film crew kept saying, ‘Just a minute, this makes a really good shot!’” Charlotte’s journey into the heart of the world’s most significant rainforest was an inspiring experience. “The rainforest really is like a city. Each tree is like an urban tower block with hundreds of residents. If you knock it down, you cause just as much damage as if those residents were human. The jungle is extraordinary because although it only covers about 6 percent of the world, it contains over 50 percent of all known animal and plant species, plus lots more that are unknown, too.” Back in London, what has she been enjoying since her return to “civilization”? “I’ve been having lots of nice, long showers,” she says. “In the Congo, the possibility of using up our water supplies was always a worrying thought. And I find that when I’ve been in hot, uncomfortable conditions for a while, the things I look forward to more than anything else are being with my family and enjoying my favorite meal.” 41. Why did Charlotte Uhlenbrock spend 19 weeks in the jungles? A. To explore the unknown animal and plant species. B. To make a TV program about rainforest. C. To get away from modern “civilization”. D. To conquer her own fear of heights. 42. According to Charlotte Uhlenbrock, which is the most difficult part in her adventure? A. Getting the rope broken. B. Falling down the slope. C. Climbing up a high tree. D. Being bitten by leeches. 43. It can be learned from the passage that the sweat bees in the Congo may feed on________. A. flowers B. tears C. human faces D. human arms 44. While in jungles, Charlotte missed ________most. A. her family B. her favourite restaurant C. clean water D. enough food supplies 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述Charlotte Uhlenbrock拍摄电视节目《丛林》的经历，她前往刚果、亚马逊和婆罗洲的茂密雨林进行拍摄，文中介绍了她遇到的各种挑战以及她对雨林的认识和回到城市后的感受。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Charlotte Uhlenbrock has just finished filming a TV series called Jungle — a hard 19-week job that involved her exploring the dense jungles of the Congo, the Amazon and Borneo.(夏洛特・乌伦布罗克刚刚拍完一部名为《丛林》的电视剧，这项为期19周的艰苦工作需要她探索刚果、亚马逊和婆罗洲茂密的丛林。)”可知，Charlotte Uhlenbrock在丛林待19周是为了拍摄一部关于雨林的电视节目。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“So what was her most challenging experience?(那么，她最具挑战性的经历是什么呢？)” 以及第二段“Definitely climbing an 80-metre-high tree in Borneo, when I’m scared of heights!(绝对是在婆罗洲爬一棵80米高的树，我可还恐高啊！)”可知，这次探险中最艰难的部分是攀爬一棵大树。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Just as annoying were the sweat bees in the Congo. They try to drink the sweat on your face and even the tears from your eyes.(同样恼人的还有刚果的汗蜂，它们会吸食你脸上的汗液，甚至眼睛里的泪水。)”可知，刚果的汗蜂以泪水为食。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“And I find that when I’ve been in hot, uncomfortable conditions for a while, the things I look forward to more than anything else are being with my family and enjoying my favorite meal.(而且我发现，当我在炎热、不适的环境中待一段时间后，我最期待的事情就是和家人在一起，享用我最喜欢的食物。)”可知，在丛林里时Charlotte最想念她的家人。 （B） Can you play golf without a ball? Or tennis without a tennis racket? These days the answer is ‘Yes, you can’. Here are some 21st century ways of playing our favourite traditional sports. WII SPORTS Nintendo’s Wii Sports is the best-selling computer game of all time. You can play tennis, baseball or golf, go bowling or do boxing. You don’t run around or get tired, however. You do everything by moving your arm and pressing a button on your games console. It’s also a good social activity and many people organize gaming parties with their friends. But there is a downside: at least ten people in the UK injure themselves playing Wii Sports every week and have to go to hospital. There are also hundreds of cases of broken furniture, broken windows and injured pets! Some people call this new 21st century problem ‘Wii-it-is’. DISC GOLF The game of golf is more than 250 years old. But for the 21st century version of the game, you don’t need any expensive special equipment. Players don’t hit a ball; they throw a plastic disc towards the ‘hole’-which is actually a metal basket. The winner is the player who reaches the ‘hole’ with the lowest number of throws. More than half a million people around the world now play the game. There are more than 1,000 disc golf courses in 40 countries and many of them are in public parks. It’s a great way to get exercise in the fresh air. FREESTYLE FOOTBALL In Freestyle football there are no teams, you don’t kick the ball, and you never score a goal. Freestyle footballers try to keep the ball in the air using any part of their body. Some people describe it as a mixture of breakdancing and football. Judges give points for ball control and original moves. John Farnworth, from Lancashire in the north of England, was the world’s first Freestyle champion: in 2011 he ran the London Marathon（42 km） in 12 hours 15 minutes, keeping a ball in the air all the way! 45. What is the passage mainly about? A. Creative sports of the 21st century. B. Our favourite traditional sports. C. Questions about new sports. D. New ways with old sports. 46. How is disc golf different from traditional golf? A. The former no longer requires hands. B. The former costs much less. C. The former is played indoors. D. The former has a longer history. 47. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Some people use Wii Sports as a way of socializing. B. Wii Sports cause more damage to our health than real sports. C. Players are not allowed to use their hands in freestyle football. D. John Farnworth won the London Marathon with a ball in his hands 【答案】45. D 46. B 47. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了几种依托传统运动演变而来的二十一世纪新式玩法，分别介绍了Wii运动、飞盘高尔夫以及花式足球的运动形式和特点。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can you play golf without a ball? Or tennis without a tennis racket? These days the answer is ‘Yes, you can’. Here are some 21st century ways of playing our favourite traditional sports.(没有高尔夫球能打高尔夫吗？没有网球拍能打网球吗？如今答案是“可以”。下文介绍几种二十一世纪开展我们喜爱的传统运动的新式方式。)”并结合后文分别介绍几种传统运动的新玩法，因此本文主要介绍传统运动的新玩法。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But for the 21st century version of the game, you don’t need any expensive special equipment.(但这项运动的二十一世纪版本，不需要任何昂贵的专用装备。)”可知，飞盘高尔夫花费更少。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Nintendo’s Wii Sports is the best-selling computer game of all time.(Nintendo的Wii Sports是有史以来最畅销的电脑游戏。)”和“It’s also a good social activity and many people organize gaming parties with their friends.(它也是一项很好的社交活动，很多人和朋友一起组织游戏派对。)”可知，有些人把Wii Sports当作一种社交方式。 （C） In the roughly 250 years since the Industrial Revolution, the world’s population, like its wealth, has exploded. Before the end of this century, however, the number of people on the planet could shrink for the first time since the Black Death. The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy. Whatever some environmentalists say, a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners. Retired folk draw on the output of the working-aged, either through the state, which requests taxes on workers to pay public pensions, or by cashing in savings to buy goods and services or because relatives provide care unpaid. But whereas the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises. Low proportion of workers to pensioners are only one problem resulting from collapsing fertility. Younger people have more of what psychologists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability to think creatively so as to solve problems in entirely new ways. This youthful energy adds to the accumulated knowledge of older workers. It also brings change. Patents filed by the youngest inventors are much more likely to cover breakthrough innovations. Older countries and their young people are less enterprising and less comfortable taking risks. Because the old benefit less than the young when economies grow, they have proved less keen on pro-growth policies, especially housebuilding. Creative destruction is likely to be rarer in ageing societies, restricting productivity growth in ways that compound into an enormous missed opportunity. Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters—and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. A productive AI economy might find it easy to support a greater number of retired people. Eventually AI may be able to generate ideas by itself, reducing the need for human intelligence. Combined with robotics, AI may also make caring for the elderly less labour-intensive. Such innovations will certainly be in high demand. If technology does allow humanity to overcome the baby bust, it will fit the historical pattern. Unexpected productivity advances meant that demographic time-bombs (人口定时炸弹) failed to explode. Fewer babies mean less human genius. But that might be a problem human genius can fix. 48. What can be learned from the first paragraph? A. The collapsing fertility rate is to blame for the shrinking population. B. Black Death marked the shrinking number of people for the first time. C. Industrial Revolution weakened the increase of the world’s population. D. The public are familiar with the extent and the influence of the baby bust. 49. What makes it harder to support the world’s pensioners? A. Close relatives have refused to take care of the old without being paid. B. The output of the working-aged which the old can draw on is shrinking. C. The old have cashed in savings to cover expenses of goods and services. D. The government has requested taxes on younger employees to pay pensions. 50. Why does “fluid intelligence” (in Paragraph 3) suffer in ageing societies? A. Because older workers boast more accumulated knowledge. B. Because the old benefit less than the young in creative destruction. C. Because collapsing fertility results in low proportion of workers to pensioners. D. Because restricting productivity growth compounds into a missed opportunity. 51. The best title for the passage is probably _____. A. The Old Pensioners Make a Comeback B. Artificial Intelligence Leads to a Bright Future C. The Measures to Overcome the Baby Bust D. The Effect of the Baby Bust on Economy 【答案】48. A 49. B 50. B 51. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了婴儿荒的原因和对经济的影响。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. (根本原因不是死亡人数的增加，而是出生率的下降。)”可知，不断下降的生育率是造成人口减少的原因。故选A。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners. Retired folk draw on the output of the working-aged, either through the state, which requests taxes on workers to pay public pensions, or by cashing in savings to buy goods and services or because relatives provide care unpaid. (退休人员利用适龄工作人员的产出，或者通过国家向工人征税来支付公共养老金，或者通过将储蓄兑换成现金来购买商品和服务，或者因为亲戚提供无偿照顾。)”可知，老年人可以利用的劳动年龄的产出正在减少，让养活世界上的养老金领取者变得更加困难。故选B。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Younger people have more of what psychologists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability to think creatively so as to solve problems in entirely new ways. This youthful energy adds to the accumulated knowledge of older workers. It also brings change. Patents filed by the youngest inventors are much more likely to cover breakthrough innovations. Older countries and their young people are less enterprising and less comfortable taking risks. Because the old benefit less than the young when economies grow, they have proved less keen on pro-growth policies, especially housebuilding. Creative destruction is likely to be rarer in ageing societies, restricting productivity growth in ways that compound into an enormous missed opportunity. (年轻人拥有更多心理学家所说的“流动智力”，即创造性思考以全新方式解决问题的能力。这种年轻的活力增加了老工人积累的知识。它也带来了变化。最年轻的发明家申请的专利更有可能涵盖突破性的创新。年龄较大的国家及其年轻人更缺乏进取心，更不愿意冒险。因为在经济增长时，老年人比年轻人受益更少，所以他们对促进增长的政策，尤其是房屋建设不那么热衷。在老龄化社会中，创造性破坏可能更为罕见，从而限制了生产率的增长，从而导致一个巨大的错失机会。)”可知，因为在创造性破坏中，老年人比年轻人受益更少，因此“流动智力”在老龄化社会中受到影响。故选B。 【51题详解】 标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust hangs over the future of the world economy. (根本原因不是死亡人数的增加，而是出生率的下降。在世界大部分地区，生育率，即每个妇女的平均生育数量，正在急剧下降。虽然这种趋势可能很熟悉，但其程度和后果却不为人所知。尽管人工智能(AI)在某些方面带来了乐观情绪，但婴儿荒仍笼罩着世界经济的未来。)”可知，文章主要介绍了婴儿荒的原因和对经济的影响。故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentence than you need. Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. ____52____ They suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news. Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue in people after they got retired than while they were still employed. ____53____ They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period. ____54____ The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries. “The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.” ____55____ With less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work. A. But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing. B. However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension (养老金) plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs. C. Clearly, said Westerlund, much of the decrease in physical and mental fatigue (疲倦) can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. D. Those who don’t have good social networks may not be able to get assistance if they become ill. E. The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. F. But for many, retirement means a sudden loss of many work-related social ties and a drastic (急剧的，大幅的) decrease in activity levels. 【答案】52. A 53. E 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍一项针对法国退休人员的研究，该研究发现退休有助于减轻疲惫与抑郁，并分析养老金对退休者身心状态的影响。 【52题详解】 根据空前的“Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before.(大多数人期待退休，认为退休后终于可以从事从前没时间、没精力去做的活动。)”以及空后的“They suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure.(它们表明退休人群更容易患上抑郁症，心脏病、高血压等其他疾病的患病率也可能更高。)”可知，前文讲大众对退休的美好期待，后文介绍一些研究得出的负面结论，空格需要形成语义转折，引出令人不安的研究结果。A选项“But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing.(但一些针对老年人群的近期研究结果令人不安)”能够实现前后转折，句中some recent studies对应后文代词They。 【53题详解】 根据空前的“Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue in people after they got retired than while they were still employed.(由斯德哥尔摩大学心理学教授Hugo Westerlund主导，这项针对14000多名工作者的研究发现，人们退休后的抑郁和疲惫发生率低于在职时期。)”以及空后的“They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement.(他们发现在退休后的第一年，志愿者反馈的抑郁症状相比退休前一年减少40%。)”可知，前文引出这项研究，后文展示研究数据，空格需要补充这项研究的开展方式。E选项“The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years.(科学家对法国国家燃气电力公司的员工进行了长达14年的追踪)”介绍研究的追踪对象与时长，句中The scientists对应后文代词They。 【54题详解】 根据空后的“The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions that French workers enjoy.(抑郁症状的下降说明退休或许也会带来积极的心理影响，这很大程度上和法国工作者优厚的养老金有关。)”可知，后文分析抑郁症状下降的原因，空格应承接上一段的研究数据，对身心疲惫减轻的原因做出阐释。C选项“Clearly, said Westerlund, much of the decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work.(Westerlund称，很明显，身心疲惫感的大幅减轻很大程度上源于工作压力的解除)”承接前文数据，开启下文对心理层面积极影响的分析。 【55题详解】 根据空后的“With less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.(一旦经济保障减弱，工作者在离职后可能不会在身心方面感到如此愉悦。)”可知，后文阐述经济保障减弱带来的影响，空格需要引出养老金计划可能发生变动这一前提。B选项“However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs.(然而在法国这类欧洲国家，政府正考虑修改养老金方案，这可能会影响退休人员离职后的健康状况)”形成转折，引出后文经济保障下降的后果。 第二卷 Ⅴ. Fill in the sentences with the proper words or expressions in proper forms （Each word or phrase can only be used ONCE）. 选词填空 conserve prepare oneself for put pressure on ignore prove mean to be admitted to reflect on comment on in memory of be more likely to 56. After talking with his teacher, Tom began to ________ what he had done wrong and think about the lesson behind it. 57. The exam held last week ________ the students, as they worried a lot about their scores. 58. We should ________ oil and gas by making full use of other energy sources. 59. He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. 60. I ________ apologize to him, but I changed my mind at the last minute. 61. By the end of last year, the new method ________ to be highly effective in improving students’ reading ability. 62. Professor Smith spent several minutes reading through our proposal before he ________ it. 63. Students who develop good study habits ________ achieve better results in the long run. 64. She ________ her dream university after years of hard work. 65. The students ________ the coming English speech competition at present. 【答案】56. reflect on 57. put pressure on 58. conserve 59. ignored 60. had meant to 61. had proved 62. commented on 63. are more likely to 64. was admitted to 65. are preparing themselves for 【解析】 【56题详解】 考查动词短语‌。句意：和老师交谈之后，汤姆开始反思自己做错的事，思考背后的教训。根据句意及what he had done wrong and think about the lesson可知，空处应表达“反思、仔细回想”，reflect on意为“反思、认真思考”，begin to后接动词原形，符合语境。 【57题详解】 考查动词短语‌。句意：上周举行的考试给学生们施加了很大压力，因为他们非常担心自己的分数。根据句意及they worried a lot about their scores可知，空处应表达“给……施加压力”，put pressure on意为“对……施压”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，符合语境。 【58题详解】 考查动词‌。句意：我们应该充分利用其他能源来节约石油和天然气。根据句意及oil and gas by making full use of other energy sources可知，空处应表达“节约、保护”，conserve意为“节约、保存”，情态动词should后接动词原形，符合语境。 【59题详解】 考查动词‌。句意：他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的标识，点了一支烟。根据句意及all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette可知，空处应表达“无视、忽略”，ignore意为“忽视、不理会”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时ignored，符合语境。 【60题详解】 考查动词短语‌。句意：我本打算向他道歉，但在最后一刻改变了主意。根据“apologize to him, but I changed my mind at the last minute”可知，表示过去未曾实现的打算，应用过去完成时had meant to do，表示“本打算做某事但实际并未完成”。 【61题详解】 考查动词时态‌。句意：到去年年底，这种新方法在提升学生阅读能力方面已被证明效果极佳。根据句意及By the end of last year可知，空处应表达“证明是、结果是”，prove意为“证明、证实”，时间标志为过去的截止点，用过去完成时，应用had proved，符合语境。 【62题详解】 考查动词短语‌。句意：史密斯教授花了几分钟通读我们的提案，之后才对它作出评论。根据句意及spent several minutes reading through our proposal可知，空处应表达“评论、评价”，comment on意为“对……发表评论”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时commented on，符合语境。 【63题详解】 考查固定短语‌。句意：从长远来看，养成良好学习习惯的学生更有可能取得更好的成绩。根据句意及Students who develop good study habits和achieve better results可知，空处应表达“更有可能”，be more likely to意为“更有可能做某事”，主语为复数，描述客观规律用一般现在时，用are more likely to，符合语境。 【64题详解】 考查动词短语‌。句意：经过多年的努力，她被自己梦想的大学录取了。根据句意及her dream university after years of hard work可知，空处应表达“被……录取”，be admitted to意为“被……录取”，动作发生在过去，应为was admitted to，符合语境。 【65题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：学生们目前正在为即将到来的英语演讲比赛做好准备。根据句意及the coming English speech competition和at present可知，空处应表达“为……做好准备”，prepare oneself for意为“使自己为……做好准备”，时间标志为现在进行时，主语为复数，反身代词用themselves，用are preparing themselves for，符合语境。 Ⅵ. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the given words or proper relative words of Attributive Clauses. 66. The new mobile app ________ (test) now and is not available to the public.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being tested 【解析】 【详解】句意：这款新的手机应用程序目前正在测试中，暂不对公众开放。时间标志词now表示此刻正在进行，app和test是被动关系，使用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为is being tested。 67. If you keep having a balanced diet, you are sure to have your life ________ (extend). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】extended 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你坚持均衡饮食，你的寿命一定会得到延长。此处为“have+宾语+宾补”结构，life和extend是被动关系，用过去分词extended作宾补。 68. Glass made of this kind of material ________ (break) easily. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】breaks 【解析】 【详解】句意：由这种材料制成的玻璃容易破碎。此处表示事物本身的属性，用主动形式表被动含义；主语Glass是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数breaks。 69. He ________ (write) an article on pollution since this morning. We all think he needs to have a rest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been writing 【解析】 【详解】句意：从今天早上开始，他就一直在写一篇关于污染的文章，我们都觉得他该休息一下了。句中标志性时间状语since this morning表示动作从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在，且动作仍在进行中，需使用现在完成进行时，主语He是第三人称单数，结构为has been + 现在分词，因此将所给动词write变为has been writing。 70. It was reported 3 days ago that by 2050, humanoid robots (人形机器人)________(replace) most occupations in our society. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would replace 【解析】 【详解】句意：三天前有报道称，到2050年，人形机器人将会取代我们社会中的大部分职业。 主句为一般过去时（was reported），that引导宾语从句；从句中时间状语 by 2050，是将来时间，受主句过去时态的限制，要用过去将来时，结构为 would + 动词原形。“取代”为replace。 71. He is the only one of the scientists who ________ (award) the Nobel Prize for Literature up to now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been awarded 【解析】 【详解】句意：他是迄今为止唯一一位被授予诺贝尔文学奖的科学家。定语从句中，先行词为the only one，关系词who指代the only one，因此从句谓语动词用单数；主语the only one与动词award之间为被动关系，且时间状语up to now表示“到目前为止”，应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为has been + 过去分词，即has been awarded。 72. The manager felt relieved, because all the obstacles ________ (overcome). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been overcome 【解析】 【详解】句意：经理感到如释重负，因为所有障碍都已经被克服了。主句为一般过去时，“克服障碍”发生在“感到宽慰”之前，obstacles与overcome是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态，所以谓语动词为had been overcome。 73. This is the only way they can think of ________ (solve) the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to solve 【解析】 【详解】句意：这是他们唯一能想到的解决问题的方法。此处用不定式to solve作后置定语，修饰名词way。 74. Anyone ________ is against this opinion may speak out.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】who 【解析】 【详解】句意：任何反对这一观点的人都可以畅所欲言。先行词为不定代词Anyone，指代人，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导该限制性定语从句。 75. The reason ________ the fellow stood there anxiously was that the bus was delayed. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个小伙子焦急地站在那里的原因是公交车晚点了。此处引导定语从句，先行词the reason，定语从句不缺主宾，缺少原因状语，用关系副词why引导。 76. Last month, parts of eastern Japan were struck by a serious earthquake, from ________ effects its people are still suffering. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】句意：上个月，日本东部部分地区遭遇强震，当地民众仍在承受地震带来的影响。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词earthquake，whose在从句中作定语修饰effects，表示“地震的”。 77. Chinese women usually read a lot of books ________ ________ they can talk frequently in their spare time. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. so ②. that 【解析】 【详解】句意：中国女性通常阅读大量书籍，以便她们能在闲暇时经常交流。根据句意“以便，为了”可知，应用so that引导目的状语从句。 78. Our school has over 50 senior teachers, ________ ________ the most respectable is Doctor Lin. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 ①. of ②. whom 【解析】 【详解】句意：我校有50多位高级教师，其中林博士是最受人尊敬的。结合句意，此处表示“他们当中的”，使用“of +关系代词”引导定语从句，先行词senior teachers指人，介词of后用关系代词whom。 79. Nanqiao is no longer the same region ________ it used to be 15 years ago. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】as 【解析】 【详解】句意：南桥已经不再是15年前的那个区域了。空处引导定语从句，先行词region被the same修饰，关系词在从句中作be动词的表语，应用as引导该定语从句，符合固定结构“the same...as...”的用法，表达“和……一样的”含义。 80. The size of the audience, ________ had been expected, was a thousand. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【解析】 【详解】句意：正如预料的那样，观众人数为一千人。此处引导非限制性定语从句，as had been expected是固定表达，意为“正如预料的那样”，所以使用关系代词as。 Ⅶ. Translation（4+4+4+4+4+5分，共25分） Directions: Translate the following sentences according to the Chinese and the given words in the brackets. 81. 在旧社会，出身贫寒的人很少有受教育的机会。（access）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In the old society, people from poor families had little access to education. 【解析】 【详解】“在旧社会”表达为In the old society，属于过去时间状语，句子需用一般过去时。“出身贫寒的人”表达为people from poor families。 “很少有受教育的机会”需使用提示词access：access是不可数名词，固定搭配have access to sth. 表示“有获得某物的机会/权利”；“很少”表否定含义，用修饰不可数名词的little搭配access；“受教育”对应介词to后的宾语education，结合一般过去时，该部分表达为had little access to education。 82. 如果你能帮我学习英语我将不胜感激。(if)（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I would appreciate it if you could help me with my English. 【解析】 【详解】“我将不胜感激”为常用句型I would appreciate it if…；“你能”为you could；“帮我学习英语”为help me with my English。 83. 显而易见，这个国家的人每时每刻都可喝到新鲜牛奶。（available）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Obviously, fresh milk is available to people in this country at any time. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，该句描述客观事实，全句使用一般现在时；表示“显而易见”为obviously作评注性状语，置于句首，首字母需大写；表示“新鲜牛奶”为fresh milk作主语，milk为不可数名词；表示“可被得到的”为available作表语，固定搭配be available to sb.表示“某人可获得”；表示“这个国家的人”为people in this country作介词to的宾语；表示“每时每刻”为at any time作时间状语。 84. 尽管这部影片时长很长，但它值得我们花时间再认真看一遍。（worth）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Although the film is very long, it is worth our time watching carefully again. 【解析】 【详解】 陈述客观事实，为一般现在时；“尽管”为although，引导让步状语从句；“这部影片”为the film；“很长”表达为very long；句子为主系表结构；“值得做”固定搭配be worth doing；“花时间再认真看一遍”表达为watching carefully again。 85. 我们应该重视培养学生的独立思考能力。（attach）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should attach importance to developing students’ ability to think independently. 【解析】 【详解】“我们”为we；“应该”为should；“重视”是固定搭配attach importance to；“培养学生的独立思考能力”为develop students’ ability to think independently。to介词后为动名词作宾语。 86. 尽管他只是个孩子，但面对困难时他懂得很多成年人都未必明白的道理。（as）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Child as he is, when facing difficulties, he knows a lot of truths that many adults may not necessarily understand. 【解析】 【详解】表示“尽管”应用as；表示“他”应用he；表示“是”应用be，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为he，be动词用is；表示“孩子”应用child；as引导让步状语从句，需用部分倒装，将表语child置于句首；表示“面对困难时”应用when facing difficulties，when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，省略从句的主语和be动词；表示“懂得”应用know，需用第三人称单数形式knows；表示“很多道理”应用a lot of truths；表示“很多成年人都未必明白的”应用that many adults may not necessarily understand.，that引导限制性定语从句，指代truths，在定语从句中作宾语。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一英语 第一卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A.There won’t be enough cups left. B. They’ve got plenty of cups. C. They’re buying what they need. D. They’ve got enough food for the picnic. 2. A. Couple. B. Colleagues. C. Parent and teacher. D. Employee and job consultant. 3. A. In a restaurant across the street. B. In a garden near the restaurant. C. In a driving club not far away. D. In a car on the way. 4. A. She prepared for the presentation but haven’t finished it yet. B. She didn’t come back until midnight. C. She was interrupted by a visiting friend. D. She visited her friend all night. 5. A. In July. B. In August. C. In January. D. In June. 6. A. At last, she enjoys her time at work. B. Work life hasn’t changed much since this year. C. She does as well as her colleagues. D. She doesn’t find fun at work. 7. A. Betty. B. Jane. C. Tom. D. Mary. 8. A. She doesn’t have the key to the computer. B. Her computer is infected with virus. C. She was attacked by virus and got a cold. D. She needs to check her email. 9. A. On Tuesday night. B. Next Thursday. C. On Tuesday morning. D. Next Friday. 10. A. To tell him they are busy. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To invite him to see a film. D. To ask him a question about a film. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A.A ban on borrowing books again. B. Fine and possible jail time. C. A ban on having credit cards. D. A ban on being near the library. 12. A. Because they want to have the books as their own. B. Because they don’t treat the bond（契约）with library seriously. C. Because they are too far away from the library. D. Because they have many people read the books. 13. A. Informing the borrower through email or text. B. Fining the borrower. C. Sending a letter to the borrower. D. Issuing a court summons（发出法庭传票）. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To try to become time-efficient. B. To make a to-do list. C. To keep enough sleep. D. To eat proper food. 15. A. You will be very tired. B. You will be bad-tempered. C. You will be slow in response. D. You will be unable to finish all the tasks. 16. A. Sugar. B. Meat. C. Cookies. D. Apples. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The golden sunlight. B. The medieval architecture. C. The unimaginable blue of the Mediterranean Sea. D. The graffiti（涂鸦）on the wall. 18. A. It messes up the environment. B. It makes the island lively. C. It is rarely seen. D. It is boring. 19. A. They are skillful and are good in taste. B. They are good at tasting food. C. They are famous painters. D. They paint too many abstract paintings. 20. A. Because it promotes tourism. B. Because it ruins economy. C. Because it makes the city dirty. D. Because it copies other islands. Ⅱ. Choices 1. China ______ at a tremendous rate, an outstanding achievement never seen before, during the past two decades. A. developed B. had developed C. is developing D. has developed 2. The house belongs to my aunt but she______ here any more. A. hasn’t lived B. didn’t live C. hadn’t lived D. doesn’t live 3. Send my regards to your lovely wife when you home. A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write 4. AIDS is said _______ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been 5. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _______. A. was booked B. had been booked C. were booked D. have been booked 6. I feel it is your husband who _______ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame 7. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $ 3,000 more than he ________for the wedding. A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned 8. Is there anything ________ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belong C. that belongs D. which belongs 9. Is this museum ________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 10. A high-tech park is announced to be built in this area, ________ will be put into practice next year. A. which B. that C. what D. as 11. Do you still remember the days ____we spent together in America? A. when B. during which C. which D. on which 12. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 13. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all. A. which B. what C. that D. when 14. Try to avoid such things _____ will do harm to your reputation, unless you don’t care about the rumors from all directions. A. as B. that C. whatever D. whether 15. Then they showed all of the films at the party ________ students got awarded based on how much they’d improved rather than how good the films were. A. which B. when C. where D. in which Ⅲ. Vocabulary Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. option B. borderlines C. reliably D. connectivity E. increasing F. divorcing G. functions H. interrupting I. presence J. reluctantly K. update How to work from home? There are many things that contribute to becoming a successful work-from-home employee. As more companies across nearly every industry accommodate a (n) ____16____ number of employees wishing to avoid traffic jam and office cold lunch, remote work has become an increasingly easy and breathlessly practical ____17____ for many who seek it. Here is a modest guide to becoming a successful remote employee. Before ____18____ yourself completely from the office, check with your corporate IT department and your manager to see if you are equipped with the programs and applications necessary to work remotely. Security first: If you connect to your company’s internal systems or email through a Virtual Private Network or other secure tunnel, make sure you’ve tested it and that it ____19____ from where you plan to work. Also, have a backup plan in the event your connection experiences disturbance. The same advice applies to internet ____20____. Make sure that if the wireless internet in your home office fails, you can still connect continuously through your smartphone, set up as a Wi-Fi hot spot. To do this, make sure you have the right wireless plan, especially if you handle large files. The ability to communicate quickly and ____21____ is the most priceless quality a remote employee needs to succeed. Do ____22____ your manager or boss frequently. Make sure group chat service and tools are installed and you know how to use them, and make your ____23____ known to your colleagues when you are available and working. Set ____24____ if you’re working at home by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits, and they should avoid ____25____ unless it’s important. Find time to go for short walks to help inspire productivity and creativity. One of the blessings of working remotely is the opportunity to live a more active lifestyle instead of being deskbound, but it’s important to make activity a habit. Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. It is one of the great puzzles of evolution. However, scientists are finally beginning to ____26____ the secrets of language. New research suggests that as many as 500,000 languages have lived and died since modern humans first evolved. Professor Mark Pagel, an evolutionary biologist, said: “It’s ____27____ to think we may have started speaking 160,000 to 200,000 years ago because that’s when modern humans evolved. In that time about 500,000 languages will have developed — but there may have been many more.” The most ____28____ linguistic (语言的)place is Papua New Guinea, which has 830 languages, making it home to one in eight of all the world’s languages. “It’s truly extraordinary,” said Pagel. “There are places in the coastal regions of Papua New Guinea where you can find a(n) ____29____ language spoken every couple of miles. I once met a Papuan man and I said to him, ‘This can’t possibly be ____30____,’ and he said to me, ‘Oh, no, it’s not — they’re far closer together than that.’” One ____31____ suggested by scientists for this linguistic variety is the climate, which makes it easy for small groups to grow their own food and survive. This means that more languages are ____32____ as each tribe (部落)develops its own. “Tribal groups use languages to make their territories,” said Pagel. “They use it to broadcast and advertise their ____33____ — and to distinguish themselves from others. It’s a way of drawing ____34____. Each language shows who is a member of the group and who isn’t.” For this reason, about 60% of the world’s languages are now found across equatorial Africa and the Pacific islands. ____35____ also influences the way in which sound is used in language. According to Robert, an anthropologist, people in warmer countries use ____36____ that help them communicate outdoors such as vowels (元音), which are easier to hear at a distance than consonants (辅音). With around 7,000 languages currently in existence across the globe, there are ____37____ languages than ever before in history, with only about 20 languages covering almost the ____38____ population of the world. The rest are spoken by tribal groups of usually only a few thousand. “Languages die out for political and geographical reasons,” said Pagel. “Some languages just get linked to successful stories ____39____ and they drive those languages. Every language on Earth is equally good at being a human language. There are no languages that are ____40____ others. There are just lucky ones.” 26. A. guard B. learn C. share D. unlock 27. A. reasonable B. questionable C. advantageous D. disturbing 28. A. satisfying B. challenging C. surprising D. disappointing 29. A. new B. old C. written D. oral 30. A. slow B. good C. fast D. true 31. A. consequence B. explanation C. solution D. influence 32. A. restrictive B. successful C. efficient D. complicated 33. A. identities B. abilities C. products D. service 34. A. frameworks B. conclusions C. boundaries D. schemes 35. A. Language B. Tribe C. Climate D. Food 36. A. expressions B. gestures C. signals D. sounds 37. A. fewer B. more C. easier D. harder 38. A. steady B. entire C. adult D. child 39. A. with doubt B. in power C. on average D. by accident 40. A. bad for B. dependent on C. superior to D. worthy of Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Charlotte Uhlenbrock has just finished filming a TV series called Jungle — a hard 19-week job that involved her exploring the dense jungles of the Congo, the Amazon and Borneo. She says that it was fascinating, but scaring as well. So what was her most challenging experience? “Definitely climbing an 80-metre-high tree in Borneo, when I’m scared of heights! It was frightening! I had to keep going up and up, when a voice inside me was saying, “Down! Down!” I kept thinking the ropes were going to break and send me falling down below.” And “down below” was where the bugs were. Apart from the usual mosquitoes, in the Amazon rainforest she suffered a lot from sand-fly bites. “I’ve had some horrible bites but these really are the itchiest（最痒的）bites I’ve ever had. At one stage, I counted 70 bites on one arm,” she says. “Just as annoying were the sweat bees in the Congo. They try to drink the sweat on your face and even the tears from your eyes. The most disgusting thing, though, was trying to pull the leeches（蚂蟥）off your skin. The more I pulled, the more they stretched and the tighter their jaws held onto my leg. I kept shouting, ‘Get them off!’ and the film crew kept saying, ‘Just a minute, this makes a really good shot!’” Charlotte’s journey into the heart of the world’s most significant rainforest was an inspiring experience. “The rainforest really is like a city. Each tree is like an urban tower block with hundreds of residents. If you knock it down, you cause just as much damage as if those residents were human. The jungle is extraordinary because although it only covers about 6 percent of the world, it contains over 50 percent of all known animal and plant species, plus lots more that are unknown, too.” Back in London, what has she been enjoying since her return to “civilization”? “I’ve been having lots of nice, long showers,” she says. “In the Congo, the possibility of using up our water supplies was always a worrying thought. And I find that when I’ve been in hot, uncomfortable conditions for a while, the things I look forward to more than anything else are being with my family and enjoying my favorite meal.” 41. Why did Charlotte Uhlenbrock spend 19 weeks in the jungles? A. To explore the unknown animal and plant species. B. To make a TV program about rainforest. C. To get away from modern “civilization”. D. To conquer her own fear of heights. 42. According to Charlotte Uhlenbrock, which is the most difficult part in her adventure? A. Getting the rope broken. B. Falling down the slope. C. Climbing up a high tree. D. Being bitten by leeches. 43. It can be learned from the passage that the sweat bees in the Congo may feed on________. A. flowers B. tears C. human faces D. human arms 44. While in jungles, Charlotte missed ________most. A. her family B. her favourite restaurant C. clean water D. enough food supplies （B） Can you play golf without a ball? Or tennis without a tennis racket? These days the answer is ‘Yes, you can’. Here are some 21st century ways of playing our favourite traditional sports. WII SPORTS Nintendo’s Wii Sports is the best-selling computer game of all time. You can play tennis, baseball or golf, go bowling or do boxing. You don’t run around or get tired, however. You do everything by moving your arm and pressing a button on your games console. It’s also a good social activity and many people organize gaming parties with their friends. But there is a downside: at least ten people in the UK injure themselves playing Wii Sports every week and have to go to hospital. There are also hundreds of cases of broken furniture, broken windows and injured pets! Some people call this new 21st century problem ‘Wii-it-is’. DISC GOLF The game of golf is more than 250 years old. But for the 21st century version of the game, you don’t need any expensive special equipment. Players don’t hit a ball; they throw a plastic disc towards the ‘hole’-which is actually a metal basket. The winner is the player who reaches the ‘hole’ with the lowest number of throws. More than half a million people around the world now play the game. There are more than 1,000 disc golf courses in 40 countries and many of them are in public parks. It’s a great way to get exercise in the fresh air. FREESTYLE FOOTBALL In Freestyle football there are no teams, you don’t kick the ball, and you never score a goal. Freestyle footballers try to keep the ball in the air using any part of their body. Some people describe it as a mixture of breakdancing and football. Judges give points for ball control and original moves. John Farnworth, from Lancashire in the north of England, was the world’s first Freestyle champion: in 2011 he ran the London Marathon（42 km） in 12 hours 15 minutes, keeping a ball in the air all the way! 45. What is the passage mainly about? A. Creative sports of the 21st century. B. Our favourite traditional sports. C. Questions about new sports. D. New ways with old sports. 46. How is disc golf different from traditional golf? A. The former no longer requires hands. B. The former costs much less. C. The former is played indoors. D. The former has a longer history. 47. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Some people use Wii Sports as a way of socializing. B. Wii Sports cause more damage to our health than real sports. C. Players are not allowed to use their hands in freestyle football. D. John Farnworth won the London Marathon with a ball in his hands （C） In the roughly 250 years since the Industrial Revolution, the world’s population, like its wealth, has exploded. Before the end of this century, however, the number of people on the planet could shrink for the first time since the Black Death. The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy. Whatever some environmentalists say, a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners. Retired folk draw on the output of the working-aged, either through the state, which requests taxes on workers to pay public pensions, or by cashing in savings to buy goods and services or because relatives provide care unpaid. But whereas the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises. Low proportion of workers to pensioners are only one problem resulting from collapsing fertility. Younger people have more of what psychologists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability to think creatively so as to solve problems in entirely new ways. This youthful energy adds to the accumulated knowledge of older workers. It also brings change. Patents filed by the youngest inventors are much more likely to cover breakthrough innovations. Older countries and their young people are less enterprising and less comfortable taking risks. Because the old benefit less than the young when economies grow, they have proved less keen on pro-growth policies, especially housebuilding. Creative destruction is likely to be rarer in ageing societies, restricting productivity growth in ways that compound into an enormous missed opportunity. Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters—and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. A productive AI economy might find it easy to support a greater number of retired people. Eventually AI may be able to generate ideas by itself, reducing the need for human intelligence. Combined with robotics, AI may also make caring for the elderly less labour-intensive. Such innovations will certainly be in high demand. If technology does allow humanity to overcome the baby bust, it will fit the historical pattern. Unexpected productivity advances meant that demographic time-bombs (人口定时炸弹) failed to explode. Fewer babies mean less human genius. But that might be a problem human genius can fix. 48. What can be learned from the first paragraph? A. The collapsing fertility rate is to blame for the shrinking population. B. Black Death marked the shrinking number of people for the first time. C. Industrial Revolution weakened the increase of the world’s population. D. The public are familiar with the extent and the influence of the baby bust. 49. What makes it harder to support the world’s pensioners? A. Close relatives have refused to take care of the old without being paid. B. The output of the working-aged which the old can draw on is shrinking. C. The old have cashed in savings to cover expenses of goods and services. D. The government has requested taxes on younger employees to pay pensions. 50. Why does “fluid intelligence” (in Paragraph 3) suffer in ageing societies? A. Because older workers boast more accumulated knowledge. B. Because the old benefit less than the young in creative destruction. C. Because collapsing fertility results in low proportion of workers to pensioners. D. Because restricting productivity growth compounds into a missed opportunity. 51. The best title for the passage is probably _____. A. The Old Pensioners Make a Comeback B. Artificial Intelligence Leads to a Bright Future C. The Measures to Overcome the Baby Bust D. The Effect of the Baby Bust on Economy Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentence than you need. Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. ____52____ They suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news. Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue in people after they got retired than while they were still employed. ____53____ They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period. ____54____ The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries. “The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.” ____55____ With less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work. A. But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing. B. However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension (养老金) plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs. C. Clearly, said Westerlund, much of the decrease in physical and mental fatigue (疲倦) can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. D. Those who don’t have good social networks may not be able to get assistance if they become ill. E. The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. F. But for many, retirement means a sudden loss of many work-related social ties and a drastic (急剧的，大幅的) decrease in activity levels. 第二卷 Ⅴ. Fill in the sentences with the proper words or expressions in proper forms （Each word or phrase can only be used ONCE）. 选词填空 conserve prepare oneself for put pressure on ignore prove mean to be admitted to reflect on comment on in memory of be more likely to 56. After talking with his teacher, Tom began to ________ what he had done wrong and think about the lesson behind it. 57. The exam held last week ________ the students, as they worried a lot about their scores. 58. We should ________ oil and gas by making full use of other energy sources. 59. He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. 60. I ________ apologize to him, but I changed my mind at the last minute. 61. By the end of last year, the new method ________ to be highly effective in improving students’ reading ability. 62. Professor Smith spent several minutes reading through our proposal before he ________ it. 63. Students who develop good study habits ________ achieve better results in the long run. 64. She ________ her dream university after years of hard work. 65. The students ________ the coming English speech competition at present. Ⅵ. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the given words or proper relative words of Attributive Clauses. 66. The new mobile app ________ (test) now and is not available to the public.(所给词的适当形式填空) 67. If you keep having a balanced diet, you are sure to have your life ________ (extend). (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. Glass made of this kind of material ________ (break) easily. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. He ________ (write) an article on pollution since this morning. We all think he needs to have a rest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. It was reported 3 days ago that by 2050, humanoid robots (人形机器人)________(replace) most occupations in our society. (所给词的适当形式填空) 71. He is the only one of the scientists who ________ (award) the Nobel Prize for Literature up to now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 72. The manager felt relieved, because all the obstacles ________ (overcome). (所给词的适当形式填空) 73. This is the only way they can think of ________ (solve) the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 74. Anyone ________ is against this opinion may speak out.（用适当的词填空） 75. The reason ________ the fellow stood there anxiously was that the bus was delayed. (用适当的词填空) 76. Last month, parts of eastern Japan were struck by a serious earthquake, from ________ effects its people are still suffering. (用适当的词填空) 77. Chinese women usually read a lot of books ________ ________ they can talk frequently in their spare time. (根据句意填空) 78. Our school has over 50 senior teachers, ________ ________ the most respectable is Doctor Lin. (用适当的词填空) 79. Nanqiao is no longer the same region ________ it used to be 15 years ago. （用适当的词填空） 80. The size of the audience, ________ had been expected, was a thousand. (用适当的词填空) Ⅶ. Translation（4+4+4+4+4+5分，共25分） Directions: Translate the following sentences according to the Chinese and the given words in the brackets. 81. 在旧社会，出身贫寒的人很少有受教育的机会。（access）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 82. 如果你能帮我学习英语我将不胜感激。(if)（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 83. 显而易见，这个国家的人每时每刻都可喝到新鲜牛奶。（available）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 84. 尽管这部影片时长很长，但它值得我们花时间再认真看一遍。（worth）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 85. 我们应该重视培养学生的独立思考能力。（attach）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 86. 尽管他只是个孩子，但面对困难时他懂得很多成年人都未必明白的道理。（as）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $