上海市上海交通大学附属中学2026-2027学年高一上学期第一次调研测试英语试卷

上海市上海交通大学附属中学2026-2027学年高一上学期 第一次调研测试英语试卷 （满分150分，130分钟完成。答案一律写在答题纸上） 第I卷 I. Listening Comprehension (25') Section A(10') Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a hotel. B. At a meeting room. C. In the woman's office. D. On a taxi. 2. A.30. B.50. C.65. D.95. 3. A. Nervous. B. Quick-minded. C. Courageous. D. Sensible. 4. A. A serviceman. B. A businessman. C. A stockbroker. D. A teacher. 5. A. Attend a class. B. See the dentist. C. Go mountaineering. D. Go to the library. 6. A. She wanted to have spicy food. B. She disliked seafood. C. She didn't feel hungry at all. D. She had a stomachache. 7. A. Not watch a movie on his tablet. B. Use his VR headset to keep the tablet steady. C. Wear his VR headset while watching. D. Stand to keep the tablet fixed. 8. A. The man didn't know how to operate the machine. B. The machine is out of service at the entrance. C. The machine is in poor condition. D. The woman can read the machine with the signs. 9. A. She was invited to the portrait exhibition. B. She showed great interest in the portrait exhibition. C. She was poor at investing in exhibits of portrait. D. She considers soap operas her favorite entertainment. 10. A. The woman owes the man a bunch of flowers. B. The woman is lending money from the man. C. The man gets the woman to buy a down jacket. D. The man often fails to honor his commitment. Section B (1.5'10=15') Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Flight attendants. B. Passengers. C. The fire brigade. D. Plane manufacturers. 12. A. Flight CA4389 will fly from Chengdu and finally arrive at Beijing. B. It will take CA4389 more than three hours to arrive at Xi'an. C. CA4389 will travel 30, 982 kilometers for the whole flight. D. The average speed of CA4389 is 10,000 kilometers per hour. 13. A. Using electronic devices during landing. B. Using their hands to pull down the oxygen mask. C. Using laptop computers during the flight. D. Placing the oxygen mask below their nose. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. By 2021. B. By 2023. C. By 2024. D. By 2028. 15. A. A man who holds a master's degree in mathematics. B. A man who has finished a test pilot school program. C. A man who has a year of professional flying experience. D. A woman who has completed the NASA physical examination. 16. A. The introduction of the Artemis program. B. The enrollment of astronaut candidates. C. The plan for a long-term base on the moon. D. The requirements of NASA physical examination. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. People can drive their cars freely on the PRT system. B. Each car on the PRT system can carry 3 passengers at a time. C. The cars running on the PRT system can be controlled by a wire. D. The power that gets the cars running on the PRT system comes from the sun. 18. A. The traffic jam in Masdar City. B. A special TV program. C. Solutions to traffic jams. D. Advanced vehicles in the future. 19. A. Building more roads with wider lanes. B. Widening the current roads for cars. C. Encouraging people to cycle more. D. Have car drivers pay more for fuel. 20. A. Taxi drivers. B. Taxi passengers. C. Traffic experts. D. Cyclists. II. Multiple Choices (25) 21. — How much do you know about The Phantom of the Opera to be performed in Shanghai later this month? — Quite a lot. The local media ____ it in various forms. A. covers B. covered C. have covered D.will cover 22. Over the past few days, a drumbeat of concern about the speed and potential dangers of AI development ____ louder and louder. A. have been grown B. have grown C. has grew D. has been growing 23. Books of this kind, especially those written for young readers, ____ well in many bookstores. A. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold 24. ____ being referred to as “cooling tea”, the drink ____. A. Although; often serves B. Although; is often served C. Despite; often serves D. Despite; is often served 25. — Hi, Jason! You should consider laser surgery! I just had it and my vision is normal now. — But I ____ the risks. What if my vision becomes worse or I lose it completely? I don't want to go blind. A. am still concerned about B. still concern C. am still concerned with D. still concern with 26. The fliers (传单) began appearing around campus. One read “NO PHONE,” they ____. A. wrote B. was read C. read D. was written 27. Years ago, I ____ as a photographer to cover a bank event at a pizza place. A. was hired B. had hired C. had been hired D. hired 28. It was the first time ____ I went abroad ____ I was fascinated with everything around me. A. when; that B. /; when C. /; that D. that; when 29. The film Life in a Day premiered(首演) at the Sundance Film Festival and ____ over 17 million views to date on YouTube. A. had received B. receives C. has received D. was receiving 30. I hope you'll enjoy the laboratory. It's a wonderful place but all these instructions ____ strictly. A. will be followed B. are to be followed C. are being followed D. will have been followed 31. See to it that all the lights ____ before you leave the classroom. A. turn off B. have turned off C. are turned off D. will be turned off 32. Unlike my mother, who was anxious to pass for an educated woman and tried out the idioms(成语) she ____ somewhere, my father refused to use vocabulary that ____ to him. A. read; wasn't belonged B. read; didn't belong C. had read; wasn't belonged D. had read; didn't belong 33. Great changes are reported to have happened in her hometown since he ____ abroad for further study. A. goes B. went C. had went D. had gone 34. By the time you have completed the essential training, you ____ to virtually every aspect of the course. A. would be exposed B. will have been exposed C. will have exposed D. would expose 35. I ____ to attend the meeting, but when I heard that it had been canceled, I went home instead. A. intended B. was intended C. had intended D. had been intended 36. The value of something is negatively correlated with whether or not people have it. ____ they have it, it really isn't worth anything. But if they don't have it, it's worth an arm and a leg. A. As though B. Once C. Unless D. Even if 37. This investment is a reliable way to ____ your children's financial future. A. stretch B. spit C. record D. secure 38. Chinese residents made 3.46 billion domestic trips in the first half of 2026, up 5.4% year-on-year, while their spending on those trips ____ by 2% to 3.21 trillion yuan. A. raised B. rose C. arouse D. arose 39. In the final ____ of the film, there was a girl who had hoped for marriage but ended up having another rather ordinary one. A. spot B. site C. setting D. scene 40. A wealth of information can be equal to ____, because the more information competes for our focus, the harder it becomes to concentrate on a single thing. A. poverty B. search C. richness D. memory 41. It's exciting to see how the media ____ is evolving, with more diverse voices and perspectives contributing to its growth. A. record B. implement C. landscape D. attempt 42. A good interview process should involve ____ screening of job applicants and effective questions that every applicant gets asked. A. fearful B. careful C. eventful D. awful 43. In the Roaring 20s, women ____ their new-found freedom by chopping off their hair. A. cited B. granted C. abused D. exercised 44. From eliminating extreme poverty to building a moderately well-off society in all respects, China's path to modernization reflects its people-centered ____. A. approach B. matter C. element D. reference 45. So, when should you ____ anger? Let's imagine your community is experiencing serious health issues because a nearby factory is illegally polluting the water supply. In unjust situations like this, it could be a moral mistake to suppress (压制) your anger. A. bring down B. act on C. care about D. hold back III. Vocabulary (1.5'20=30') Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) A. accessible B. appeal C. armed D. covered E. demonstrating F. featured G. major H. natural I. reliably J. translating K. visibly China's latest emotional-consumption trend begins with a slow and careful process. __46__ with tweezers(镊子) and hundreds of rice-sized plastic beads, “pindou” players spend hours __47__ images into simple patterns before sealing them together with an iron. In a culture organized around speed and instant results, “pindou” offers something increasingly rare: a few uninterrupted hours in which progress can be seen, errors can be undone and effort __48__ produces an outcome. The pleasure of doing something slowly Olivia Plotnick, founder of digital agency WAI Social, believes the __49__ begins with how little skill the activity demands. “Compared to painting, “pindou” is incredibly __50__.” Plotnick said that a finished piece offers “the chance to create art with your own two hands,” while also __51__ taste and beauty rather than polished(完美的) images. Unlike instantaneous, a(n) __52__ labor of love. A small craft becomes a social media hit. Sales data shows that “pindou” products generated more than 100 million RMB ($14.8 million) in sales in the first quarter, a 300% jump year-on-quarter. More than five million units were sold and 83,000 livestreams __53__ the category. Sales rose around Chinese New Year, when holiday downtime creates __54__ occasion for low-cost, screen-light entertainment. The buyer profile complicates the idea that this is simply another Gen Z microtrend. Women account for more than 70% of consumers, the core age group is 31 to 40, and smaller cities form a __55__ demand base. (B) A. company B. dawn C. dedicated D. destinations E. favoring F. ideal G. investing H. paying I. potential J. stands K. sweet Staycations and Coolcations Are the New Ways to Holiday This year, I've taken my holidays in Whitstable, Kent, where I live. I've swum in the unusually warm sea, and dined out locally using the money saved on an exorbitantly priced overseas vacation. With temperatures rising, and the biggest fire season in European history, I may soon have more __56__ in opting for a staycation. In 2021, Blackstone Inc. made a bet on Brits __57__ staycations by acquiring Bourne Leisure. Blackstone has been __58__ in leisure activities and restaurants to offer more inviting stays and better value. This is __59__ off, with Haven, which has parks throughout Britain, enjoying strong growth in visitor numbers this year. Climate change is redrawing the travel map. It could make parts of southern Europe too hot for even the most __60__ sun-seekers, and transform more northerly spots, such as the Kent coast, into suitable vacation spots. There's also the __61__ for regions offering less traditional summer getaways, such as Norway, to exploit their more comfortable climate through so-called coolcations,which have moved into the mainstream in 2026 and are starting to be reflected in holiday sales. Ever since the __62__ of mass tourism, travelers from northern European countries, such as Britain, Germany and parts of Scandinavia, have migrated south to find the sun. Richard Clarke, an analyst at Bernstein, has estimated that the __63__ temperature for a beach holiday is between 23℃and 31℃. As of 2020, the whole of the south European coast — the Mediterranean, Portugal, the French Atlantic and the Black Sea — was in this __64__ spot, with most of the Northern European coast too cold. However, if August temperatures were two degrees warmer on average, the southern coasts of Spain. Sicily and Cyprus would become too hot. Many coastal regions in Northern Europe, including the southern UK, Benelux and North Germany, would enjoy average weather conditions of more than 23℃, making them more attractive __65__. IV. Reading Comprehension (15'+30') Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. After years of studying how human beings write, the cognitive(认知的) psychologist Ronald T. Kellogg concluded that drafting a basic persuasive essay was as mentally __66__ as digging a ditch(沟) was physically exhausting. Writing well requires a command of vocabulary, spelling and grammar. It __67__ writers to comprehend a subject, to sort through their working memory of that topic, to organize and plan. Writing an essay is so difficult that a person involved in it can do hardly anything else. Very few people would volunteer to dig a ditch. Likewise, it is hard — almost impossible, many English teachers will admit — to turn a __68__ writer into an enthusiastic one. __69__ the American education system expects nearly all students to learn how to write an essay. It's little wonder, then, that as soon as a tool arrived __70__ to lessen the pain, people grabbed it. Like it or not, artificial intelligence is now firmly integrated into how students produce text. A growing number of educators are __71__, and insist that students should write without A.I. The scholars who study writing and cognition are rarely automatically __72__ A.I. Many have spent decades anticipating a leap in computer-assisted writing, just like the one we are living through. They tend to be excited by the technology's potential. Still, their work casts doubt on the tech-industry __73__ to integrate A.I. into every stage of the student writing process, from brainstorming to drafting to revising. Research shows that traditional __74__ composition is valuable, not despite its difficulty, but because of it. Writing builds our working memory, executive planning skills and meta-cognition. Learning to write did not always matter so much. Before the 1870s, American students were tested through oral exams. College seats were reserved for the elite — future ministers and lawyers, professions where public speaking __75__. But the rise of the modern, urban economy, and the invention of the typewriter, produced jobs that dealt more __76__ with the written word, like office clerks and advertising copywriters. Starting in the late 19th century, students needed to learn how to write more fluently, and school curriculums, tied closely to the demands of industry, __77__. Besides, teachers discovered that writing itself deepened knowledge. “If you want to think, understand and learn something, text really is __78__,” the linguist Naomi S. Baron said. Cognitive research confirms that writing is a powerful aid in helping us to retain information we read. Revision is a practice of self-critique and self-improvement, and can be social, as well, if __79__ is sought. Writing can also be empowering, allowing us to share our experiences and express our views. It can even be __80__, which is why psychologists sometimes suggest keeping a journal. 66. A. convenient B. ordinary C. rewarding D. taxing 67. A. forces B. motivates C. demands D. urges 68. A. reluctant B. capable C. innovative D. well-off 69. A. Hopefully B. Yet C. Meanwhile D. Consequently 70. A. expecting B. demanding C. bothering D. promising 71. A. relieved B. alarmed C. amused D. sympathetic 72. A. opposed to B. keen on C. fascinated with D. grateful to 73. A. push B. guarantee C. resistance D. order 74. A. unwanted B. unassisted C. unqualified D. uncontrolled 75. A. varied B. rose C. struggled D. dominated 76. A. typically B. apparently C. heavily D. randomly 77. A. competed B. adapted C. disappeared D. rolled 78. A. preferable B. memorable C. noticeable D. acceptable 79. A. mistake B. refusal C. feedback D. proposal 80. A. effective B. academic C. complicated D. healing Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) At a warehouse in an industrial corner of Queens, books of all shapes, sizes and colors fly across a series of moving belts before being placed into shipping containers destined for 150 library branches across New York City. It's a symphony of bar codes and book numbers, taking place under the watchful eye of an unlikely conductor: Salvatore Magaddino, 65, a onetime Police Department captain and now the head of the logistics department of BookOps. BookOps is a collaboration between the New York Public Library and the Brooklyn Public Library systems, an operation that sorts and sends books from branch to branch. The process includes organizing and cataloging the systems' books so that when a customer requests a book that isn't on the shelves at their location, Magaddino's team can usually deliver it by the next day. Magaddino joined the library system in 2006 after nearly two decades with the Police Department. By then, he had responded to many crime scenes, and it was becoming “gloom and doom all the time,” he said.“I wanted to like humanity again; I wanted to see New Yorkers in a different way.I needed to feel good about life and what I did again.” In 2013, after the financial crisis of 2008, the New York Public Library and the Brooklyn Public Library decided to combine their logistics systems, with Mr. Magaddino helping to oversee the transition. And while the work can be stressful, Mr. Magaddino said, he does bring a perspective from his former life as a cop.“We talk about crises, and, you know, I tone them down because there's nobody dead in the street,” he said. “So it's not a crisis for us.” Mr. Magaddino said that after missing countless rituals and events as his three children grew up, he wanted to be more present for his grandchildren. “I've been in this game 24/7 since I'm 21 years old — not that I don't love what I do,” Mr. Magaddino said. “But I've got three grandkids that I never had before, and I don't want to miss any of their birthday parties or school plays or anything like that.” 81. BookOps is mainly designed to ______. A. catalog books so that every branch can keep a complete collection B. make requested books available to readers across the two library systems C. reduce library costs by cutting the number of books selected and paid for D. provide next-day delivery for books at a reader's local branch 82. What does the underlined phrase “gloom and doom” most probably mean? A. negativity B. danger C. routine D. boredom 83. What can be inferred about Magaddino's police experience? A. It made him less willing to deal with stressful situations. B. It taught him to treat every workplace problem as an emergency. C. It helped him view problems at BookOps in a calmer way. D. It encouraged him to introduce police-style rules into libraries. 84. Why has Magaddino decided to retire? A. He has become tired of working with books. B. He wants to spend more time with his grandchildren. C. He believes BookOps no longer needs his help. D. He plans to return to the Police Department. (B) The New York Times Sometimes sleep advice can feel like a lot of what not to do. Don't drink coffee after 2 p.m. Avoid your phone for at least 30 minutes before bed. Never sleep in. But there are rules and then there is reality, and we wanted to understand how people were actually spending the final moments of their days. Consistent evening routines, including keeping regular bedtimes and engaging in calming activities like meditation and breathing exercises, have been shown to improve sleep quality. Last month, we asked readers to tell us about their nightly habits. More than 1,100 people responded. Some of our favorite submissions revealed tiny and tender moments with partners (or plants), wholesome hobbies and ways to say goodbye to today and make tomorrow a little easier. Here they are, edited lightly for length and clarity. I like to polish(擦亮) my kitchen countertops with a green-apple-smelling cleaner. There's something relaxing about seeing the liquid hitting the counter and the smell of fresh green apples hitting your nostrils. It just completes my day. Art Rosales, 55, Ventura, Calif. I have trained myself to use Sudoku(数独) to quiet my anxious mind and put me to sleep. I've done this for so long that I can just think about the numbers one through nine and get sleepy. Marissa Dickson, 45, Orlando, Fla. After getting ready for bed, I walk around my house and talk to my plants. I see if they need water, have any new growth, need a little fertilizer. I'll often share my worries or hopes for the next day with them. It helps me find some peace before getting into bed. Billy Farrell, 34, Anchorage. My husband and I listen to audiobooks before falling asleep. Because their magic works better on me (I fall asleep instantly), he repeats the story from last night and asks if I remember. I say yes. We both know that's not true. Michala Whitmore, 30, Pueblo, Colo. 85. Why did the writers ask readers about their nightly habits? A. To test whether common sleep rules actually work. B. To find out how people really spend the end of their day. C. To compare the effects of different bedtime activities. D. To urge readers to develop regular sleeping schedules. 86. What does the passage suggest about bedtime routines? A. They work best when based on expert recommendations. B. They should focus mainly on preparing for the following day. C. They are more likely to ensure better sleep when followed regularly. D. They should be adjusted according to changes in people's daily schedules. 87. Which of following is True according to the passage? A. The submissions were left unchanged to preserve their original meaning. B. Both Art Rosales and Billy Farrell use simple everyday activities to wind down before bed. C. Michala Whitmore's husband tests her on the previous night's story to check how well she slept. D. Marissa Dickson has used Sudoku for so long that it has gradually lost its effect on her. (C) Are you committed to your company or your team? Humans are conditioned to form attachment extremely quickly, a type of behaviour sometimes called the “minimal group effect”. In a famous series of experiments, a social psychologist called Henri Tajfel found that you can divide strangers into groups on totally arbitrary grounds — how good they are at estimating the number of dots on a chart, say, or how much they like a certain type of abstract art, or even just on the basis of a coin toss — and they will immediately start to favour members of their own group when then asked to distribute rewards. If people are prepared to start dividing the world into “us” and “them” based on whether someone likes Mondrian, it's no surprise that they form strong identities and loyalties based on where they go to work every day. One of the small diversions of office life is watching to see how quickly joiners start using the word “we” to refer to their new employer: it's usually instantaneous and occasionally takes place during the interview. But if you work for a large enough company, you do not belong only to the organization. You have “nested identities”: you are also a member of a department, and of a team within that department, and perhaps of smaller groups as well. These other-in-groups can really matter. That ought not to be a huge surprise. Familiarity and shared routines bind people from a specific team together. Identities at work also depend largely on which department you are in. If you are at a staff event for Widget & Sons and a colleague asks what you do, you don't say “I work for Widget & Sons” but tell them which group you work in. Identifying with a sub-group is not necessarily bad. It makes perfect sense for organizations to divide labour up among departments. A bit of friendly competition between teams can be useful. But a strong sense of group identity can also impede co-operation across the wider organization. It becomes natural to blame the general uselessness of other departments if things go wrong. Budget allocations are framed as victories and losses. Information may well be hoarded in silos rather than shared.A paper by Jeanine Pieternel Porck of Oklahoma State University and her co-authors finds, for example, that a strong sense of group identification is associated with reduced interpretation of an organization's strategy. Executives must therefore address close team bonds with commitment to the whole organization. An experiment involving Manchester United supporters illustrates how this might be achieved. Mark Levine and his colleagues first reminded participants of their identity as United fans. The participants were then more likely to help someone wearing a United shirt than someone wearing a Liverpool shirt or a plain top.In a second experiment, participants were encouraged to think of themselves more broadly as football fans. They then became equally willing to help people wearing either United or Liverpool shirts. Although the experiment was not watertight, it demonstrated that broadening people's sense of identity can encourage co-operation beyond their immediate group. 88. Which of the following examples best illustrates the “minimal group effect”? A. Students randomly assigned to two teams offer more support to members of their team. B. Employees who have worked together for years develop strong loyalty to one another. C. Family members offer enduring support to one another because of their biologic ties. D. Friends are more willing to help one another because of their close personal relationships. 89. Why does the author mention the example of Widget & Sons? A. To explain why large companies divide employees into different groups. B. To show that employees often identify more closely with their particular work group. C. To suggest that employees find it difficult to describe their responsibilities. D. To emphasize the importance of communication between different departments. 90. What is a potential risk brought about by strong “nested identities”? A. They may make departments compete for more skilled employees. B. They may weaken shared understanding across the organization. C. They may encourage friendly competition between different teams. D. They may cause employees to lose interest in the success of their own teams. 91. What will the author most likely discuss following the Manchester United experiment? A. How to apply football supporters' loyalty to business competition B. How to promote employees' “nested identities” in the workplace C. How to redistributing budgets without performance-based criteria D. How to strengthen employees' identification with the wider organization Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A.It is often claimed that motivation often comes before action. B.Instead, try to identify what is holding you back from doing the work. C.On difficult days, your goal can simply be to keep the habit of studying alive. D.It also helps to make studying easier and distractions harder. E.The problem is that motivation is unreliable. F. Small changes in daily habits can lead to a noticeable increase in productivity. How to study when you don't feel like it There are days when studying feels almost impossible. You sit at your desk, open your textbook, and somehow find yourself checking your phone five minutes later. You know you have an exam coming, but you simply do not feel like studying. __92__. If you wait until you feel motivated, you may end up doing very little. A better approach is to accept that you do not need to feel ready before you begin. One useful strategy is to make the first step ridiculously small.Open your book, read one page, or answer three questions. This removes some of the psychological pressure that comes with a large task. Once you start, you may discover that continuing is easier than expected. __93__ If your phone is next to you, your brain has to repeatedly resist the temptation to check it. Instead, put your phone in another room or turn off unnecessary notifications. Another important point is to stop judging yourself for not feeling motivated. Many students waste even more time feeling guilty about wasting time. But negative self-talk rarely creates useful motivation. __94__ Once you understand the reason, you can choose a better solution. 95 Finally, remember that consistency matters more than intensity. You do not need to have a highly productive day every day. __95__ Read five pages, review ten vocabulary words, or solve a few practice questions. Small efforts may seem insignificant, but they add up over time. 第二卷 IV. Phrase Translation(10') Directions: Complete the sentences with phrases from U1！ 1. We _______________(与…相处很好)our new neighbors last year. 2. Li Wenwen, 44, a former student, said she _______________(编辑视频片段)and letters from former classmates — now spread across Beijing. Tianjin and overseas — to present them to her former teacher. 3. When Tom was in high school, _______________(他一贯,typical) to stay up late preparing for exams.. 4. The director Kevin Macdonald was interested in _______________(制作一个数字时间胶囊) for the future. 5. A rescue team dispatched by the Sichuan Fire and Rescue Brigade _______________(已抵达现场) to carry out search-and-rescue operations after a mudslide struck near Zhiliuhue village. 6. _______________(不为自己的情绪感到羞愧) allows you to accept yourself more fully. 7. The 4×100-meter relay is the _______________(主要赛事) of this year' school sports meeting. 8. Although they came from very different backgrounds, they soon discovered that they _______________(有很多共同点). 9. Culture means a way of life for a particular group of people. The program is designed to provide support for _______________(某一特定的人群) . 10. _______________(从商业的视角,perspective),China has become one of the world's most important growth markets. V. Translation (3'+3'+4'+5'=15') 11.人们普遍认为，我们很快会再次经历今年的极端高温。(before) ________________________________________________________________ 12.第二节课后到操场集合已经成为一种日常惯例。(routine) ________________________________________________________________ 13.李老师知识面广博且乐于回答学生的问题,被称为“行走的字典”。(refer) ________________________________________________________________ 14.近年来，中国在电力系统方面取得了重大进展，有效支持了经济和社会的发展，同时也满足了人民的基本需求。(in terms of) ________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $