专题02 完形填空-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语期中考前梯度特训（沪教版·广州专用）

考前特训 专题02 完形填空 期中考满分冲刺（广州专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 完形填空是广州卷的稳定题型，考查在语篇中综合运用词汇与语法的能力。它给出一篇留有空白的短文，每空四个选项，要求考生根据上下文选出最佳答案，使补全后的短文意思通顺、结构完整。与语法选择的“考形式”不同，完形填空主要“考词义”，重心落在实词辨析与语义呼应上。 本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、80 道小题，话题覆盖科学家报国（华罗庚与纪录片《归来》）、文学人物（赛珍珠）、科普发现（鲸鱼的“时尚”）、神话传说（黄帝与嫘祖）、亲情叙事（父亲收集勺子、家庭分享会）以及青少年生活（个性与压力），题材与沪教版九年级上册的“伟人”“科普”“家庭”三条主线一一对应。 二、命题特点 （1）后文复现是核心线索：华罗庚一篇第 1 题，后文出现 the letter，据此判定该空为 letter，而 speech/show/book 都无法与 the letter 呼应。 （2）短语动词必须整体辨义：同篇第 6 题 gave up / set up / put up / ended up 四选一，只有 set up（组建）能与 team 搭配。 （3）身份、职业类名词常靠全文话题锁定：第 3 题由 overseas Chinese scientists 直接确定 scientists。 （4）形容词辨析重“语义边界”：第 4 题描述华罗庚科研工作的价值，只有 important 贴合，strange/similar/poor 均偏离。 （5）每篇 10 空、首尾常设干扰，末空多考总结性或情感态度词；选项全部为同一词性，比拼的是“语义精度”而非“语法形式”。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） （1）动词及短语辨析（约 22 题）：占近三成，含 set up、end up、come out 等短语动词。 （2）名词辨析（约 16 题）：人物身份、事物名称的语境辨析，常靠后文同义复现定案。 （3）形容词辨析（约 14 题）：情感态度与特征描述，须排除语义偏离项。 （4）连词与介词（约 10 题）：句间逻辑与固定搭配。 （5）固定搭配（约 10 题）：动宾、介宾结构的整体识记。 （6）副词辨析（约 8 题）：方式、程度、频率副词的细微差别。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，明确文体（记叙/说明/议论）与主人公、事件走向，不看选项。 第二步：逐空在前后**各一句**范围内找线索，重点抓同义复现、反义对照、逻辑连接词三类证据。 第三步：四个选项全部代入默读一遍，用“语义是否偏离主题”排除，而不是只凭搭配。 第四步：回读全文，检查所选词是否与全文话题一致、是否与前后时态人称冲突。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】复现线索——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“…In February 1950, he wrote an open 1 to Chinese students in the US while…”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（letter）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨2】动词及短语辨析——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文写道“…take part in different activities 2 improve their abilities. Some teena…”。须看主谓搭配与动作发生的先后逻辑，短语动词要整体辨义；四个选项中只有 B（in order to）与语境吻合，故选 B。 【点拨3】复现线索——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“…ed in Jiangsu Province, China. She 3 to speak Chinese before she could s…”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（learned）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨4】动词及短语辨析——以 Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文写道“…about their studies. Some of them 4 so much about their grades that the…”。须看主谓搭配与动作发生的先后逻辑，短语动词要整体辨义；四个选项中只有 A（care）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨5】复现线索——以 Passage 5 题 5 为例：原文写道“…lose friends again. This small change made me feel 5 relaxed and joyful.”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（indeed）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨6】复现线索——以 Passage 6 题 6 为例：原文写道“…be 5 . However, not all scientists 6 . Monika Wieland from the Whale Beh…”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（agree）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨7】复现线索——以 Passage 7 题 7 为例：原文写道“…where he wanted to go. He was too 7 to talk to me, so he showed me a pl…”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（weak）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨8】逻辑推断——以 Passage 8 题 8 为例：原文写道“…a new thing before. They were very 8 about it. “It feels soft and is so…”。须结合前后句的因果、转折、递进关系进行推断；四个选项中只有 B（excited）与语境吻合，故选 B。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“只看空前一句”：完形的线索常常在后文，华罗庚一篇前三个空都要靠后文 the letter 与 scientists 定案。 • 忌“熟词生义想当然”：如 Return 在此处是纪录片名，不能按“返回”硬译。 • 忌“搭配张冠李戴”：set up a team 成立，put up 张贴/搭建，ended up 最终成为，三者不可混。 • 忌“同词性就都对”：四个选项同为形容词时，要看情感色彩与程度，而不是凭“读起来顺”。 Passage 1 Hua Luogeng is one of modern China’s most inspiring scientists and mathematicians. In February 1950, he wrote an open 1 to Chinese students in the US while returning to China. The letter 2 many people and showed the strong patriotism (爱国精神) of overseas Chinese scientists who were thirsty for returning home. The documentary Return tells the story of many 3 that went back to China in the 1950s. It shares many lesser⁃known stories. In Hua’s case, many don’t know how 4 his work was in early computer science. In March 1950, Hua left the University of Illinois and returned to China. At a time when few people knew about computers, Hua already understood their role in scientific 5 . The next year, he became the director of the Institute of Mathematics and 6 China’s first computer research team. Director Li said Hua’s story touched him 7 . “Hua was more than a mathematician. He had big ideas and was very 8 .” Talking about the 9 of Return on young people, Director Li said, “I hope teenagers will 10 from this documentary and be inspired. We should never forget the contributions of those who came before us.” 1．A．letter B．speech C．show D．book 2．A．surprised B．warned C．moved D．cried 3．A．soldiers B．historians C．scientists D．actors 4．A．strange B．similar C．important D．poor 5．A．collection B．radio C．bank D．exploration 6．A．looked up B．set up C．put up D．ended up 7．A．deeply B．lately C．widely D．highly 8．A．polite B．proud C．upset D．brave 9．A．result B．influence C．success D．secret 10．A．learn B．remember C．protect D．spend Passage 2 Nowadays, teenagers live a busy and colourful life. Modern teenagers are creative and brave. They have their own thoughts and lifestyles. However, they also face many problems. Their life and study 1 greatly on their own choices and attitudes. Many teenagers want to take part in different activities 2 improve their abilities. Some teenagers like to save up pocket money 3 they want to buy their favourite things. They learn to manage money and form correct views 4 wealth. Time passes by quietly every day. 5 you make good use of time, you will make steady progress. If you waste time, you will regret it one day. Teenagers should realize that youth is precious and never returns. In our daily life, we should hold an active attitude towards life. We need to plan our time well 6 we can balance study and hobbies. Besides schoolwork, we should learn to think independently and make decisions by 7 . Growing up is a process of learning and changing. 8 difficulties are in our way, we should never give up. Every experience teaches us useful lessons. The way we treat time, money and challenges 9 shape our future life. Only when you keep trying every day, 10 achieve your dreams in the end. 1．A．depend B．depends C．depended D．depending 2．A．so that B．in order to C．because D．though 3．A．unless B．until C．because D．before 4．A．towards B．for C．with D．at 5．A．Unless B．If C．Though D．Until 6．A．so that B．in order to C．but D．or 7．A．yourselves B．ourselves C．themselves D．himself 8．A．Whenever B．However C．Whatever D．Whoever 9．A．help B．helps C．make D．makes 10．A．can you B．you can C．you will D．you could Passage 3 Pearl S. Buck is well-known in the literary world. She was a 1 who was famous for her books about China. Pearl S. Buck was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature (文学) in 1938. Pearl was born in West Virginia, America, but she 2 almost half of her long life in China. When she was little, she lived in Jiangsu Province, China. She 3 to speak Chinese before she could speak English. Her mother liked literature very much. That had a great 4 on Pearl. After being educated by her mother and by her Chinese teacher, Pearl began to study in Shanghai. She went on with her 5 in the United States at a women’s college studying psychology (心理学). After graduating, she returned to China as a teacher. In the 1920s, her family 6 to Nanjing. There she taught English and American literature at a university. As a writer, Pearl’s book, The Good Earth, 7 in 1931 and sold quite well in its first year. People have 8 it into different languages. In 1938, she became the third American to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Pearl S. Buck 9 in March, 1973. By the time of her death, Pearl had published (出版) more than seventy 10 . Her stories about China continue to be read and admired widely today. 1．A．student B．writer C．doctor D．actor 2．A．saved B．left C．spent D．found 3．A．learned B．finished C．stopped D．agreed 4．A．help B．progress C．influence D．chance 5．A．invention B．education C．direction D．attention 6．A．moved B．researched C．spoke D．taught 7．A．looked for B．came out C．waited for D．grew up 8．A．translated B．changed C．walked D．broken 9．A．succeeded B．arrived C．died D．controlled 10．A．examinations B．laws C．factories D．books Passage 4 Everyone has his own personality, and personality plays an important role in our daily life. People with different personalities have different ways of doing things. Some people are confident and energetic. They are willing to 1 challenges and never show fear when facing difficulties. They believe that nothing is impossible if they keep trying. Others are modest and curious. They are always ready to 2 new things and never look down on others. They know that learning is a lifelong journey. However, some teenagers have trouble 3 their feelings. They may get angry easily or feel worried about their studies. Some of them 4 so much about their grades that they can’t sleep well at night. Some are afraid of speaking in public and don’t know how 5 with their shyness. They often keep silent 6 they want to share their ideas. This is a common teenage problem. As teenagers, we should learn to know ourselves and accept who we are. We should also 7 our mental health seriously. When we feel stressed, we can talk to our parents or teachers. They are patient enough 8 us. Remember, no one is perfect. It is our weaknesses that make us 9 . As long as we never 10 and keep moving forward, we will become better and better. 1．A．take on B．take off C．take away D．take out 2．A．explore B．exploring C．explored D．explores 3．A．control B．controlling C．to control D．controlled 4．A．care B．cares C．caring D．to care 5．A．deal B．dealing C．to deal D．dealt 6．A．because B．so C．though D．but 7．A．take B．make C．get D．bring 8．A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 9．A．who we are B．who are we C．what we are D．what are we 10．A．give up B．turn up C．get up D．pick up Passage 5 Family traditions are simple but precious treasures for every family. In my family, we keep a warm tradition of weekly family sharing time. Every Saturday evening, my parents and I sit together to talk about our days and share our feelings. Last week, I faced a small problem at school. I argued with my deskmate and felt upset all day. I was too awkward to express my thoughts bravely. During our family sharing time, I plucked up my courage and told my parents the whole thing 1 . Instead of blaming me, my parents listened to me patiently. They taught me to stay 2 when facing disagreements and learn to communicate with others unselfishly. They said every conflict can be solved with sincere talk and good manners, and it is a great 3 to give up communication. I took their useful tips and put them into 4 the next day. I took the initiative to talk with my deskmate and cleared up our misunderstanding. We became close friends again. This small change made me feel 5 relaxed and joyful. I truly realize that family traditions are not strict rules, but warm guidance. They 6 us to be positive and kind all the time. These warm family moments always stay 7 in my mind. They greatly 8 my bond with my family and help me grow into a person with good 9 . Nothing in the world is more 10 than the love and guidance from our family. 1．A．honestly B．easily C．proudly D．silently 2．A．positive B．awkward C．ashamed D．nervous 3．A．prize B．shame C．tradition D．choice 4．A．practice B．power C．season D．effort 5．A．indeed B．hardly C．nervously D．nearly 6．A．force B．guide C．cheat D．warn 7．A．fresh B．huge C．cute D．bright 8．A．strengthen B．lower C．remove D．balance 9．A．hooks B．ethics C．tents D．skills 10．A．energetic B．relaxed C．powerful D．successful Passage 6 Whales might have their own fashion trends, just like people. Recently whale watchers and researchers saw something last 1 in the 1980s — whales balancing a dead salmon on their heads like hats. Last October, a photographer took a picture of a 33-year-old male whale called J27, also known as “Blackberry”, with a salmon on its head. Blackberry is part of a group called the Southern Resident Killer Whales, which live off the coast of the Pacific Northwest. Researcher Deborah Giles 2 saw another whale from the same group doing the same thing. This 3 some scientists of 1987, when a female whale wore a salmon on her head. Other whales in her group and nearby groups 4 her, making it a short-lived fashion. Within a year, the behavior disappeared. Andrew Foote, a researcher at the University of Oslo, suggested that some whales which saw this behaviour in 1987 may be 5 . However, not all scientists 6 . Monika Wieland from the Whale Behavior Institute said that one 7 is not enough to prove this is a real fashion again. Why do whales carry salmon on their heads? Scientists still don’t know. One idea is that when food is easy to find, whales keep a(n) 8   fish as a snack. Another thought is that the behavior could be a way to 9 attention  from a  mate (配偶) when they want a baby, or just a playful act. Modern technology, such as drones (无人机), may help researchers find out more by 10 whales and watching what they do with the fish. 1．A．discussed B．guessed C．imagined D．recorded 2．A．earlier B．next C．later D．never 3．A．required B．reminded C．told D．warned 4．A．copied B．caught C．repeated D．taught 5．A．giving it up B．taking it away C．bringing it back D．leaving it behind 6．A．agree B．disagree C．doubt D．reply 7．A．photo B．report C．model D．video 8．A．dead B．spare C．fresh D．large 9．A．displace B．consider C．refuse D．attract 10．A．catching B．following C．protecting D．welcoming Passage 7 My father was busy at work in the 1980s. He had to fly to many places of the world on 1 . He often returned to New York with a tiny spoon he bought in the gift shop at an airport. Although I didn’t live with my father, I always received spoons from him—souvenirs I wanted 2 . They even made me want to travel with him. I would like to imagine that through 3 , from friends and family they bought while travelling, the meaning of travel was brought out. Perhaps children like me were always waiting at home for their spoons to 4 . And for me, I felt that these spoons from different places showed what the 5 was like and how much my father loved me. My father dreamt of travelling around the world after he retired at 54. However, he 6 heart disease at 57. In the final weeks of his life, I wondered where he wanted to go. He was too 7 to talk to me, so he showed me a place called Auckland, New Zealand on my computer. Both my father and I knew he had no 8 to realize it. Not long after his death, I booked a direct flight to Auckland. I brought his ashes (骨灰) with me. I found many spoons in Auckland. The 9 spoons looked special but I didn’t buy any of them. After seeing my spoons, my son likes to look at the collection, which 10 him of his grandfather. It is a way of keeping his grandfather alive in his eyes. Now the spoons are a big part of our lives. 1．A．business B．vacation C．sale D．fire 2．A．quickly B．quietly C．greatly D．brightly 3．A．gifts B．lamps C．photos D．applications 4．A．refuse B．discover C．arrive D．offer 5．A．universe B．laughter C．world D．truth 6．A．learnt about B．thought of C．fought for D．died of 7．A．weak B．frightened C．satisfied D．concentrated 8．A．courage B．money C．background D．time 9．A．expensive B．local C．ordinary D．similar 10．A．warn B．remind C．tell D．inform Passage 8 In China, the Yellow Emperor is a name that everybody knows. He’s remembered as a smart ruler in ancient China. His wife, Leizu, was also 1 . At that time, people’s 2 were made of animal skins, which were not comfortable at all. What was worse, they were too heavy in summer. Leizu wanted to find a new 3 to make clothes. One day, Leizu was boiling water under a mulberry tree (桑树). She 4 that little worms (虫子) were eating the leaves of the tree. There were many small and strange white “fruits” on the tree. 5 , one of them fell into the hot water by accident. When Leizu took the white “fruit” out, she found it was actually made of long and thin threads (线). It seemed that the hot water made the threads fall apart. Leizu touched the soft silk threads and 6 a good idea. “If these threads can be woven (编织), I’ll be able to make clothes with them. Perhaps I could invent a machine to weave them into cloth.” After trying many times, Leizu finally 7 such a machine. With it, she turned the silk threads into a piece of cloth that was soft and light. People had worn animal skins for a long time, but no one had ever seen such a new thing before. They were very 8 about it. “It feels soft and is so light.” “What a wonderful invention!” “Clothes made of it must be 9 and beautiful.” Later, Leizu taught other people how to make silk. Soon, they began to wear clothes made of it. That was how the secret of silk was discovered in China. Over time, it 10 to other parts of the world and quickly won the hearts of people everywhere. 1．A．friendly B．patient C．pretty D．wise 2．A．toys B．tools C．clothes D．bags 3．A．place B．style C．material D．form 4．A．discovered B．believed C．mentioned D．explained 5．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Fortunately D．Naturally 6．A．dreamed of B．thought of C．looked for D．asked for 7．A．destroyed B．required C．bought D．invented 8．A．worried B．excited C．angry D．nervous 9．A．comfortable B．simple C．heavy D．traditional 10．A．connected B．returned C．compared D．spread 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题02 完形填空 期中考满分冲刺（广州专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 完形填空是广州卷的稳定题型，考查在语篇中综合运用词汇与语法的能力。它给出一篇留有空白的短文，每空四个选项，要求考生根据上下文选出最佳答案，使补全后的短文意思通顺、结构完整。与语法选择的“考形式”不同，完形填空主要“考词义”，重心落在实词辨析与语义呼应上。 本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、80 道小题，话题覆盖科学家报国（华罗庚与纪录片《归来》）、文学人物（赛珍珠）、科普发现（鲸鱼的“时尚”）、神话传说（黄帝与嫘祖）、亲情叙事（父亲收集勺子、家庭分享会）以及青少年生活（个性与压力），题材与沪教版九年级上册的“伟人”“科普”“家庭”三条主线一一对应。 二、命题特点 （1）后文复现是核心线索：华罗庚一篇第 1 题，后文出现 the letter，据此判定该空为 letter，而 speech/show/book 都无法与 the letter 呼应。 （2）短语动词必须整体辨义：同篇第 6 题 gave up / set up / put up / ended up 四选一，只有 set up（组建）能与 team 搭配。 （3）身份、职业类名词常靠全文话题锁定：第 3 题由 overseas Chinese scientists 直接确定 scientists。 （4）形容词辨析重“语义边界”：第 4 题描述华罗庚科研工作的价值，只有 important 贴合，strange/similar/poor 均偏离。 （5）每篇 10 空、首尾常设干扰，末空多考总结性或情感态度词；选项全部为同一词性，比拼的是“语义精度”而非“语法形式”。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） （1）动词及短语辨析（约 22 题）：占近三成，含 set up、end up、come out 等短语动词。 （2）名词辨析（约 16 题）：人物身份、事物名称的语境辨析，常靠后文同义复现定案。 （3）形容词辨析（约 14 题）：情感态度与特征描述，须排除语义偏离项。 （4）连词与介词（约 10 题）：句间逻辑与固定搭配。 （5）固定搭配（约 10 题）：动宾、介宾结构的整体识记。 （6）副词辨析（约 8 题）：方式、程度、频率副词的细微差别。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，明确文体（记叙/说明/议论）与主人公、事件走向，不看选项。 第二步：逐空在前后**各一句**范围内找线索，重点抓同义复现、反义对照、逻辑连接词三类证据。 第三步：四个选项全部代入默读一遍，用“语义是否偏离主题”排除，而不是只凭搭配。 第四步：回读全文，检查所选词是否与全文话题一致、是否与前后时态人称冲突。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】复现线索——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“…In February 1950, he wrote an open 1 to Chinese students in the US while…”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（letter）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨2】动词及短语辨析——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文写道“…take part in different activities 2 improve their abilities. Some teena…”。须看主谓搭配与动作发生的先后逻辑，短语动词要整体辨义；四个选项中只有 B（in order to）与语境吻合，故选 B。 【点拨3】复现线索——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“…ed in Jiangsu Province, China. She 3 to speak Chinese before she could s…”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（learned）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨4】动词及短语辨析——以 Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文写道“…about their studies. Some of them 4 so much about their grades that the…”。须看主谓搭配与动作发生的先后逻辑，短语动词要整体辨义；四个选项中只有 A（care）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨5】复现线索——以 Passage 5 题 5 为例：原文写道“…lose friends again. This small change made me feel 5 relaxed and joyful.”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（indeed）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨6】复现线索——以 Passage 6 题 6 为例：原文写道“…be 5 . However, not all scientists 6 . Monika Wieland from the Whale Beh…”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（agree）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨7】复现线索——以 Passage 7 题 7 为例：原文写道“…where he wanted to go. He was too 7 to talk to me, so he showed me a pl…”。后文常以同义词或原词复现给出提示，回读即可锁定；四个选项中只有 A（weak）与语境吻合，故选 A。 【点拨8】逻辑推断——以 Passage 8 题 8 为例：原文写道“…a new thing before. They were very 8 about it. “It feels soft and is so…”。须结合前后句的因果、转折、递进关系进行推断；四个选项中只有 B（excited）与语境吻合，故选 B。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“只看空前一句”：完形的线索常常在后文，华罗庚一篇前三个空都要靠后文 the letter 与 scientists 定案。 • 忌“熟词生义想当然”：如 Return 在此处是纪录片名，不能按“返回”硬译。 • 忌“搭配张冠李戴”：set up a team 成立，put up 张贴/搭建，ended up 最终成为，三者不可混。 • 忌“同词性就都对”：四个选项同为形容词时，要看情感色彩与程度，而不是凭“读起来顺”。 Passage 1 Hua Luogeng is one of modern China’s most inspiring scientists and mathematicians. In February 1950, he wrote an open 1 to Chinese students in the US while returning to China. The letter 2 many people and showed the strong patriotism (爱国精神) of overseas Chinese scientists who were thirsty for returning home. The documentary Return tells the story of many 3 that went back to China in the 1950s. It shares many lesser⁃known stories. In Hua’s case, many don’t know how 4 his work was in early computer science. In March 1950, Hua left the University of Illinois and returned to China. At a time when few people knew about computers, Hua already understood their role in scientific 5 . The next year, he became the director of the Institute of Mathematics and 6 China’s first computer research team. Director Li said Hua’s story touched him 7 . “Hua was more than a mathematician. He had big ideas and was very 8 .” Talking about the 9 of Return on young people, Director Li said, “I hope teenagers will 10 from this documentary and be inspired. We should never forget the contributions of those who came before us.” 1．A．letter B．speech C．show D．book 2．A．surprised B．warned C．moved D．cried 3．A．soldiers B．historians C．scientists D．actors 4．A．strange B．similar C．important D．poor 5．A．collection B．radio C．bank D．exploration 6．A．looked up B．set up C．put up D．ended up 7．A．deeply B．lately C．widely D．highly 8．A．polite B．proud C．upset D．brave 9．A．result B．influence C．success D．secret 10．A．learn B．remember C．protect D．spend 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍纪录片《归来》，讲述了以华罗庚为代表的海外科学家报效祖国的爱国事迹。 【详解】1．句意：1950年2月，在准备回国之际，他给在美国的中国学生写了一封公开信。 后文出现“the letter”，letter意为“信”，open letter意为“公开信”，贴合语境；speech“演讲”、show“节目”、book“书”均和后文的the letter无法呼应。 2．句意：这封信感动了许多人，展现出海外华人科学家渴望归国的浓厚爱国精神。 这封饱含爱国精神的信打动了很多人，moved表示“使感动”，符合文意。surprised“使惊讶”、warned“警告”、cried“哭”语义均不符合。 3．句意：纪录片《归来》讲述了许多二十世纪五十年代回到祖国的科学家的故事。 上文提到“overseas Chinese scientists”，scientists意为“科学家”，贴合全文话题。soldiers“士兵”、historians“历史学家”、actors“演员”均偏离文章主题。 4．句意：就华罗庚的事例而言，很多人不知道他的工作在早期计算机科学领域有多么重要。 important意为“重要的”，用来描述华罗庚科研工作的价值，贴合语境。strange“奇怪的”、similar“相似的”、poor“贫穷的、差的”均不合语境。 5．句意：在几乎没人了解计算机的时代，华罗庚已经明白它们在科学探索中的使命。 此处指计算机在科学探索中的作用，exploration意为“探索”，scientific exploration意为“科学探索”，贴合科学家科研工作语境。 6．句意：第二年，他担任数学研究所所长，并组建了中国第一支计算机研究团队。 这里指他组建了中国第一支计算机研究团队，set up意为“建立，组建”，和team搭配，贴合语境。looked up“查阅”、put up“张贴；搭建”、ended up“最终成为”均不合语境。 7．句意：李主任说华罗庚的故事深深打动了他。 华罗庚的故事深深打动了李主任。deeply意为“深深地”，touched him deeply表示“深深打动他”，贴合语境。 8．句意：他拥有远大的抱负，并且十分勇敢。 前文讲到当时几乎没人了解计算机，他却投身该领域，说明他很勇敢，brave意为“勇敢的”，贴合语境。 9．句意：谈及《归来》这部纪录片对年轻人产生的影响，李主任说道， “我希望青少年可以从这部纪录片中学到东西，并受到鼓舞。” 这里指导演谈及这部纪录片对青少年的影响。influence意为“影响”，the influence of…表示“……的影响”，贴合后文对青少年的启发；result“结果”、success“成功”、secret“秘密”，语义均不符。 10．句意：我希望青少年可以从这部纪录片中学到东西。 导演希望青少年能从这部纪录片中有所收获。learn from意为“从……学习”，贴合语境；remember“记住”、protect“保护”、spend“花费”均不能和“from this documentary”构成合理搭配。 Passage 2 Nowadays, teenagers live a busy and colourful life. Modern teenagers are creative and brave. They have their own thoughts and lifestyles. However, they also face many problems. Their life and study 1 greatly on their own choices and attitudes. Many teenagers want to take part in different activities 2 improve their abilities. Some teenagers like to save up pocket money 3 they want to buy their favourite things. They learn to manage money and form correct views 4 wealth. Time passes by quietly every day. 5 you make good use of time, you will make steady progress. If you waste time, you will regret it one day. Teenagers should realize that youth is precious and never returns. In our daily life, we should hold an active attitude towards life. We need to plan our time well 6 we can balance study and hobbies. Besides schoolwork, we should learn to think independently and make decisions by 7 . Growing up is a process of learning and changing. 8 difficulties are in our way, we should never give up. Every experience teaches us useful lessons. The way we treat time, money and challenges 9 shape our future life. Only when you keep trying every day, 10 achieve your dreams in the end. 1．A．depend B．depends C．depended D．depending 2．A．so that B．in order to C．because D．though 3．A．unless B．until C．because D．before 4．A．towards B．for C．with D．at 5．A．Unless B．If C．Though D．Until 6．A．so that B．in order to C．but D．or 7．A．yourselves B．ourselves C．themselves D．himself 8．A．Whenever B．However C．Whatever D．Whoever 9．A．help B．helps C．make D．makes 10．A．can you B．you can C．you will D．you could 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了青少年面临着生活和学习的选择，应珍惜时间，树立正确观念，勇敢面对困难，努力实现梦想。 【详解】1．句意：他们的生活和学习很大程度上取决于他们自己的选择和态度。 主语是“Their life and study”，一般现在时，谓语动词用动词原形depend。depends是动词单三，depended是过去式，depending不能单独作谓语。 2．句意：许多青少年想参加不同的活动来提高他们的能力。 根据“improve”是动词原形，此处表目的，应用in order to（为了），后面接动词原形。so that（为了）后面必须接完整句子（主语+谓语），不能直接加动词原形，because（因为），表原因；though（虽然），表让步，逻辑不对。 3．句意：一些青少年喜欢存零花钱，因为他们想买自己喜欢的东西。 根据前后句是因果关系，存钱是因为想买东西，应用because（因为）符合语境。unless（除非）；until（直到）；before（在……之前），逻辑不通。 4．句意：他们学习理财并形成正确的财富观。 根据固定搭配“views towards sth.”意为“对某事的看法/观念”，符合语境。for（为了）；with（和）；at（在）均无此搭配。 5．句意：如果你好好利用时间，你就会取得稳步进步。 根据前后句是正面条件关系，应用If引导条件状语从句。Unless（除非）表否定条件；Though（虽然）表让步；Until（直到）表时间，均不符。 6．句意：我们需要好好计划时间，以便我们能平衡学习和爱好。 根据“we can balance”是完整句子，表目的，应用so that（为了，以便于）引导。in order to（为了）后接动词原形，but（但是）；or（或者）逻辑不符。 7．句意：除了学业，我们应该学会独立思考，依靠我们自己做决定。 根据主语是“We”，反身代词应用ourselves与之对应。yourselves（你们自己）；themselves（他们自己）；himself（他自己）人称不匹配。 8．句意：无论什么困难挡路，我们都不应放弃。 根据“difficulties”是名词，应用Whatever修饰名词，意为“无论什么困难”。However（无论多么）后接形容词/副词，Whenever（无论何时）表时间，Whoever（无论是谁）表人。 9．句意：我们对待时间、金钱和挑战的方式有助于塑造我们未来的生活。 根据主语“The way”是单数，谓语用三单；help shape意为“有助于塑造”，make无此搭配。 10．句意：只有你每天坚持努力，你最终才能实现梦想。 根据“Only+状语从句”位于句首，主句需用部分倒装，即助动词提到主语前。you can、you will未倒装，you could时态不符。 Passage 3 Pearl S. Buck is well-known in the literary world. She was a 1 who was famous for her books about China. Pearl S. Buck was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature (文学) in 1938. Pearl was born in West Virginia, America, but she 2 almost half of her long life in China. When she was little, she lived in Jiangsu Province, China. She 3 to speak Chinese before she could speak English. Her mother liked literature very much. That had a great 4 on Pearl. After being educated by her mother and by her Chinese teacher, Pearl began to study in Shanghai. She went on with her 5 in the United States at a women’s college studying psychology (心理学). After graduating, she returned to China as a teacher. In the 1920s, her family 6 to Nanjing. There she taught English and American literature at a university. As a writer, Pearl’s book, The Good Earth, 7 in 1931 and sold quite well in its first year. People have 8 it into different languages. In 1938, she became the third American to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Pearl S. Buck 9 in March, 1973. By the time of her death, Pearl had published (出版) more than seventy 10 . Her stories about China continue to be read and admired widely today. 1．A．student B．writer C．doctor D．actor 2．A．saved B．left C．spent D．found 3．A．learned B．finished C．stopped D．agreed 4．A．help B．progress C．influence D．chance 5．A．invention B．education C．direction D．attention 6．A．moved B．researched C．spoke D．taught 7．A．looked for B．came out C．waited for D．grew up 8．A．translated B．changed C．walked D．broken 9．A．succeeded B．arrived C．died D．controlled 10．A．examinations B．laws C．factories D．books 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了美国作家赛珍珠的生平及其文学成就。她在中国生活了近半个世纪，深受中国文化影响，创作了大量关于中国的作品，并于1938年获得诺贝尔文学奖。 【详解】1．句意：她是一位作家，以其关于中国的书籍而闻名。 根据后文“was famous for her books”以及“was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature”可知，她是一位“作家”。writer意为“作家”，符合语境。student意为“学生”，doctor意为“医生”，actor意为“演员”，均不符合“以书籍闻名并获得文学奖”的语境。 2．句意：但她在中国度过了她漫长生命中近一半的时光。 根据后文“When she was little, she lived in Jiangsu Province, China.”以及“After graduating, she returned to China”可知，她在中国的“度过”了很长时间。spent意为“度过”，符合语境。saved意为“节省”，left意为“离开”，found意为“发现”，均不符合“在中国生活”的语境。 3．句意：她在会说英语之前就学会了说中文。 根据后文“before she could speak English”可知，她先“学会”了中文。learned意为“学会”，与“to speak Chinese”构成“学会说中文”的合理搭配，符合语境。finished意为“完成”，stopped意为“停止”，agreed意为“同意”，均不符合“学会语言”的语境。 4．句意：这对Pearl产生了很大的影响。 根据前文“Her mother liked literature very much”以及后文“After being educated by her mother”可知，母亲对Pearl产生了“影响”。influence意为“影响”，与“have a great influence on”构成固定搭配，意为“对……产生很大影响”。help意为“帮助”，progress意为“进步”，chance意为“机会”，均不能与“have a great...on”构成“产生影响”的固定搭配。 5．句意：她在美国的一所女子学院继续她的学业，学习心理学。 根据前文“After being educated by her mother and by her Chinese teacher, Pearl began to study in Shanghai.”可知，她前往美国是继续接受“教育”。education意为“教育”，符合语境。invention意为“发明”，direction意为“方向”，attention意为“注意力”，均不符合“大学求学”的语境。 6．句意：在20世纪20年代，她的家人搬到了南京。 根据后文“There she taught English and American literature at a university.”可知，她是在“搬到”南京后才在那里教书。moved意为“搬家”，与“to Nanjing”构成“搬到南京”的合理搭配。researched意为“研究”，spoke意为“说话”，taught意为“教”，均不能与“to Nanjing”构成“搬到某地”的搭配。 7．句意：作为作家，赛珍珠的《大地》于1931年出版，并在第一年就销售得很好。 根据后文“sold quite well in its first year”以及“People have translated it into different languages”可知，这本书先“出版”后才有销售和翻译。came out意为“出版/发行”，符合语境。looked for意为“寻找”，waited for意为“等待”，grew up意为“长大”，均不符合“书籍出版”的语境。 8．句意：人们已经把它翻译成不同的语言。 根据后文“into different languages”可知，书籍被“翻译”成不同语言。translated意为“翻译”，符合语境。changed意为“改变”，walked意为“走路”，broken意为“打破”，均不能与“into different languages”构成“翻译”的搭配。 9．句意：赛珍珠于1973年3月去世。 根据后文“By the time of her death”可知，此处描述的是她的“去世”。died意为“去世”，符合语境。succeeded意为“成功”，arrived意为“到达”，controlled意为“控制”，均不符合“时间状语+死亡”的语境。 10．句意：到她去世时，赛珍珠已经出版了七十多本书。 根据前文“published”可知，她出版的是“书”。books意为“书”，符合语境。examinations意为“考试”，laws意为“法律”，factories意为“工厂”，均不符合“作家出版作品”的语境。 Passage 4 Everyone has his own personality, and personality plays an important role in our daily life. People with different personalities have different ways of doing things. Some people are confident and energetic. They are willing to 1 challenges and never show fear when facing difficulties. They believe that nothing is impossible if they keep trying. Others are modest and curious. They are always ready to 2 new things and never look down on others. They know that learning is a lifelong journey. However, some teenagers have trouble 3 their feelings. They may get angry easily or feel worried about their studies. Some of them 4 so much about their grades that they can’t sleep well at night. Some are afraid of speaking in public and don’t know how 5 with their shyness. They often keep silent 6 they want to share their ideas. This is a common teenage problem. As teenagers, we should learn to know ourselves and accept who we are. We should also 7 our mental health seriously. When we feel stressed, we can talk to our parents or teachers. They are patient enough 8 us. Remember, no one is perfect. It is our weaknesses that make us 9 . As long as we never 10 and keep moving forward, we will become better and better. 1．A．take on B．take off C．take away D．take out 2．A．explore B．exploring C．explored D．explores 3．A．control B．controlling C．to control D．controlled 4．A．care B．cares C．caring D．to care 5．A．deal B．dealing C．to deal D．dealt 6．A．because B．so C．though D．but 7．A．take B．make C．get D．bring 8．A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 9．A．who we are B．who are we C．what we are D．what are we 10．A．give up B．turn up C．get up D．pick up 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述不同性格的人做事方式不同，分析青少年面临的情绪问题，建议青少年接纳自我，关注心理健康，永不放弃。 【详解】1．句意：他们愿意接受挑战，面对困难时从不畏惧。 根据“challenges”，可知此处指接受挑战，故选take on。take off“起飞、脱掉”、take away“拿走”、take out“取出”选项含义与“挑战”搭配不当。 2．句意：他们总是准备好探索新事物，从不看不起别人。 根据“ready to”，可知后接动词原形，be ready to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“准备好做某事”，故选explore。exploring动名词、explored过去式、explores第三人称单数均不符合不定式结构要求。 3．句意：然而，有些青少年难以控制自己的情绪。 根据“have trouble”，可知后接动名词。根据语境，have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，故选controlling。control原形、to control不定式、controlled过去分词均不符合该搭配要求。 4．句意：他们中的一些人太在意成绩，以至于晚上睡不好。 根据“Some of them”，可知主语为复数，谓语动词用原形care。cares第三人称单数、caring动名词、to care不定式都不能单独作谓语。 5．句意：有些人害怕公开演讲，不知道如何应对害羞。 根据“how”，可知构成“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语。根据语境，know how to do sth.意为“知道如何做某事”，故选to deal。deal原形、dealing动名词、dealt过去式均无法与how构成该结构。 6．句意：他们经常保持沉默，虽然他们想分享他们的想法。 根据“keep silent”与“want to share”，可知前后存在让步逻辑。根据语境，though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，符合句意。because“因为”、so“所以”表因果关系；but“但是”通常连接并列句，均不符合此处从句结构。 7．句意：我们也应该认真对待我们的心理健康。 take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事”，故选take。make“制作”、get“得到”、bring“带来”均不能与seriously构成此固定搭配。 8．句意：他们足够耐心来帮助我们。 根据语境，adj.+enough+to do sth.为固定结构，意为“足够……去做某事”，故选to help。其他选项形式不符合该结构要求。 9．句意：正是我们的弱点使我们成为我们自己。 根据“make us”，可知后接宾语从句需用陈述语序，且make us who we are为常用表达。根据语境，从句表示身份认同，用who we are。who are we、what are we选项语序错误；what we are：描述人的身份用who。 10．句意：只要我们永不放弃并继续前进，我们会变得越来越好。 根据“keep moving forward”，可知此处指不放弃，故选give up。turn up“调大音量”、get up“起床”、pick up“捡起、接人”含义与“继续前进”的语境不符。 Passage 5 Family traditions are simple but precious treasures for every family. In my family, we keep a warm tradition of weekly family sharing time. Every Saturday evening, my parents and I sit together to talk about our days and share our feelings. Last week, I faced a small problem at school. I argued with my deskmate and felt upset all day. I was too awkward to express my thoughts bravely. During our family sharing time, I plucked up my courage and told my parents the whole thing 1 . Instead of blaming me, my parents listened to me patiently. They taught me to stay 2 when facing disagreements and learn to communicate with others unselfishly. They said every conflict can be solved with sincere talk and good manners, and it is a great 3 to give up communication. I took their useful tips and put them into 4 the next day. I took the initiative to talk with my deskmate and cleared up our misunderstanding. We became close friends again. This small change made me feel 5 relaxed and joyful. I truly realize that family traditions are not strict rules, but warm guidance. They 6 us to be positive and kind all the time. These warm family moments always stay 7 in my mind. They greatly 8 my bond with my family and help me grow into a person with good 9 . Nothing in the world is more 10 than the love and guidance from our family. 1．A．honestly B．easily C．proudly D．silently 2．A．positive B．awkward C．ashamed D．nervous 3．A．prize B．shame C．tradition D．choice 4．A．practice B．power C．season D．effort 5．A．indeed B．hardly C．nervously D．nearly 6．A．force B．guide C．cheat D．warn 7．A．fresh B．huge C．cute D．bright 8．A．strengthen B．lower C．remove D．balance 9．A．hooks B．ethics C．tents D．skills 10．A．energetic B．relaxed C．powerful D．successful 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述作者通过家庭分享会传统，在父母引导下解决与同桌矛盾。文章强调家庭传统对个人成长和亲情的温暖指引与重要作用。 【详解】1．句意：在我们的家庭分享时刻，我鼓起勇气诚实地告诉父母整件事。 前文提到我和同桌吵架后一整天都很难过，不好意思勇敢地说出想法，因此这次是鼓起勇气把整件事诚实地告诉了父母，应用honestly“真诚地”。easily“容易地”、proudly“自豪地”、silently“沉默地”都不符合鼓起勇气说整件事的状态。 2．句意：他们教我在面对分歧时保持积极，学会无私地与人沟通。 后文提到冲突可以通过真诚交谈和良好的礼仪解决，说明父母是教我要积极，应用positive“积极地”。awkward“尴尬的”、ashamed“羞愧的”、nervous“紧张的”均不符合父母教导的正向态度。 3．句意：他们说所有冲突都可以用真诚交谈和良好礼仪解决，放弃沟通是很大的遗憾。 前文强调沟通的重要性，可知放弃沟通是一大遗憾，应用shame“遗憾”。prize“奖品”、tradition“传统”、choice“选择”均不符合语义。 4．句意：我采纳了他们有用的建议，第二天把它们付诸实践。 后文提到和同桌沟通，消除误会，可知作者将父母的建议付诸实践，固定搭配put ... into practice，意为“把……付诸实践”，应用practice。power“力量”、season“季节”、effort“努力”均无法构成此搭配。 5．句意：这个小小的改变让我确实感到放松和快乐。 根据前文和同桌重归于好的结果，可知是真切感受到放松开心，应用indeed“真切地”。hardly“几乎不”、nervously“紧张地”、nearly“几乎”均不符合语境。 6．句意：它们引导我们一直保持积极善良。 根据前文提到家庭传统是温暖的指引，可知此处对应引导我们向善，应用guide“引导、指导”。force“强迫”、cheat“欺骗”、warn“警告”均不符合温暖的语境。 7．句意：这些温馨的家庭时刻总是让我记忆犹新。 stay fresh in mind是常用搭配，表示“记忆犹新”，应用fresh“新鲜的”。huge“巨大的”、cute“可爱的”、bright“明亮的”都不能用来形容记忆的留存状态。 8．句意：它们极大地加强了我与家人的纽带，帮助我成长为一个有良好品行的人。 根据上下文，温暖的家庭时刻会加深、加固亲情纽带，应用strengthen“加强”。lower“降低”、remove“移除”、balance“平衡”均不符合语义。 9．句意：它们极大地加强了我与家人的纽带，帮助我成长为一个有良好品行的人。 前文父母教导沟通、待人友善，属于良好品行，应用ethics“品德”。hooks“钩子”、tents“帐篷”、skills“技能”均不符合主题。 10．句意：世界上没有什么比来自家人的爱和指引更有力量。 根据上下文，全文强调家人的爱和指引是强大的力量，应用powerful“强大的”。energetic“精力充沛的”、relaxed“放松的”、successful“成功的”都不能准确形容家庭之爱的分量。 Passage 6 Whales might have their own fashion trends, just like people. Recently whale watchers and researchers saw something last 1 in the 1980s — whales balancing a dead salmon on their heads like hats. Last October, a photographer took a picture of a 33-year-old male whale called J27, also known as “Blackberry”, with a salmon on its head. Blackberry is part of a group called the Southern Resident Killer Whales, which live off the coast of the Pacific Northwest. Researcher Deborah Giles 2 saw another whale from the same group doing the same thing. This 3 some scientists of 1987, when a female whale wore a salmon on her head. Other whales in her group and nearby groups 4 her, making it a short-lived fashion. Within a year, the behavior disappeared. Andrew Foote, a researcher at the University of Oslo, suggested that some whales which saw this behaviour in 1987 may be 5 . However, not all scientists 6 . Monika Wieland from the Whale Behavior Institute said that one 7 is not enough to prove this is a real fashion again. Why do whales carry salmon on their heads? Scientists still don’t know. One idea is that when food is easy to find, whales keep a(n) 8   fish as a snack. Another thought is that the behavior could be a way to 9 attention  from a  mate (配偶) when they want a baby, or just a playful act. Modern technology, such as drones (无人机), may help researchers find out more by 10 whales and watching what they do with the fish. 1．A．discussed B．guessed C．imagined D．recorded 2．A．earlier B．next C．later D．never 3．A．required B．reminded C．told D．warned 4．A．copied B．caught C．repeated D．taught 5．A．giving it up B．taking it away C．bringing it back D．leaving it behind 6．A．agree B．disagree C．doubt D．reply 7．A．photo B．report C．model D．video 8．A．dead B．spare C．fresh D．large 9．A．displace B．consider C．refuse D．attract 10．A．catching B．following C．protecting D．welcoming 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了鲸鱼可能也有自己的时尚潮流。近期研究人员发现鲸鱼头顶死鲑鱼的行为，这让人回想起1987年曾出现过的类似短暂时尚，科学家们对此提出了几种猜测。 【详解】1．句意：最近，观鲸者和研究人员看到了上世纪80年代最后一次被记录下来的事情——鲸鱼把死鲑鱼顶在头上像戴帽子一样 根据第四段“some scientists of 1987, when a female whale wore a salmon on her head”可知，这种行为在1980年代曾被记录过。recorded意为“被记录”符合逻辑。 2．句意：研究员Deborah Giles后来也看到同一群体的另一只鲸鱼在做同样的事情。 根据前文去年10月摄影师拍到一只鲸鱼头顶鲑鱼，接着提到研究员Deborah Giles“后来”也看到了另一只鲸鱼做同样的事。later意为“后来”符合时间上的先后顺序。 3．句意：这让一些科学家想起了1987年，当时一只雌性鲸鱼头上顶着一条鲑鱼。 根据“some scientists of 1987”可知，现在的行为让科学家们回想起了1987年的事情，固定搭配：remind sb. of...意为“使某人回想起……”。 4．句意：她所在群体和附近群体的其他鲸鱼模仿了她，使之成为一种短暂的时尚。 根据后文“making it a short-lived fashion”可知，其他鲸鱼模仿了她的行为，才形成了一种时尚。copied意为“复制，模仿”，导致了时尚的产生，其他选项不符合逻辑。 5．句意：奥斯陆大学的研究员Andrew Foote提出，一些在1987年看到过这种行为的鲸鱼可能正在把它重新带回来。 根据前文这种行为在1987年出现过后来消失了，现在又出现了，所以选择bringing it back，意为“把它带回来”符合“重新流行”之意。giving it up意为“放弃它”；taking it away意为“带走它”；leaving it behind意为“把它抛在后面”，均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：然而，并非所有科学家都同意。 根据后文Monika认为一张照片不足以证明这再次成为真正的时尚，说明她不同意前文Andrew Foote的观点，选择agree“同意”。not all... agree表示“并非所有人都同意”，其他选项不符合前后文逻辑。 7．句意：鲸鱼行为研究所的Monika Wieland说，仅凭一张照片不足以证明这再次成为真正的时尚。 根据第二段“Last October, a photographer took a picture of a 33-year-old male whale...”可知，这里指的是摄影师拍的那张照片。photo意为“照片”与前文呼应。 8．句意：一种观点是，当食物容易找到时，鲸鱼会留一条备用的鱼作为零食。 根据“when food is easy to find”和“as a snack”可知，食物充足时，留一条“备用的”鱼当零食。spare意为”备用的“符合食物充足时的储备行为。 9．句意：另一种想法是，这种行为可能是一种在它们想要宝宝时吸引配偶注意的方式，或者仅仅是一种好玩的行为。 根据“attention from a mate”可知，这里指吸引配偶的注意力，固定搭配：attract attention意为“吸引注意力”。 10．句意：现代技术，如无人机，可能通过追踪鲸鱼并观察它们如何处理这些鱼，来帮助研究人员发现更多信息。 根据“Modern technology, such as drones”和“watching what they do”可知，无人机的作用是“追踪”鲸鱼以观察它们的行为。following意为“跟随，追踪”符合无人机的功能。 Passage 7 My father was busy at work in the 1980s. He had to fly to many places of the world on 1 . He often returned to New York with a tiny spoon he bought in the gift shop at an airport. Although I didn’t live with my father, I always received spoons from him—souvenirs I wanted 2 . They even made me want to travel with him. I would like to imagine that through 3 , from friends and family they bought while travelling, the meaning of travel was brought out. Perhaps children like me were always waiting at home for their spoons to 4 . And for me, I felt that these spoons from different places showed what the 5 was like and how much my father loved me. My father dreamt of travelling around the world after he retired at 54. However, he 6 heart disease at 57. In the final weeks of his life, I wondered where he wanted to go. He was too 7 to talk to me, so he showed me a place called Auckland, New Zealand on my computer. Both my father and I knew he had no 8 to realize it. Not long after his death, I booked a direct flight to Auckland. I brought his ashes (骨灰) with me. I found many spoons in Auckland. The 9 spoons looked special but I didn’t buy any of them. After seeing my spoons, my son likes to look at the collection, which 10 him of his grandfather. It is a way of keeping his grandfather alive in his eyes. Now the spoons are a big part of our lives. 1．A．business B．vacation C．sale D．fire 2．A．quickly B．quietly C．greatly D．brightly 3．A．gifts B．lamps C．photos D．applications 4．A．refuse B．discover C．arrive D．offer 5．A．universe B．laughter C．world D．truth 6．A．learnt about B．thought of C．fought for D．died of 7．A．weak B．frightened C．satisfied D．concentrated 8．A．courage B．money C．background D．time 9．A．expensive B．local C．ordinary D．similar 10．A．warn B．remind C．tell D．inform 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述作者父亲因公出差收集勺子作为礼物，作者带父亲骨灰去他想去的地方，勺子成为连接家人情感的纽带。 【详解】1．句意：20世纪80年代，父亲忙于工作，不得不飞往世界各地出差。 根据上下文父亲忙于工作，on business为固定搭配，表示出差，应选business，契合父亲外出工作的语境；vacation假期，sale售卖，fire火灾，三个选项不符合此处语境。 2．句意：虽然我不和父亲一起生活，但我总能收到他寄来的勺子——我非常想要的纪念品。 根据上下文，作者十分渴望这些纪念品，应选greatly，表示非常、极其，契合作者很想要纪念品的语境；quickly快速地，quietly安静地，brightly明亮地，三个选项不符合此处语境。 3．句意：我愿意想象，通过这些礼物，通过亲友旅行时买回来的礼物，旅行的意义被展现出来。 根据后文“they bought while travelling”，指代旅行带回的礼物，应选gifts，表示礼物，契合勺子属于旅行纪念品的语境；lamps灯，photos照片，applications申请，三个选项不符合此处语境。 4．句意：也许像我这样的孩子，总是在家等着这些勺子送达。 根据上下文，勺子是父亲旅行结束后寄回家，应选arrive，表示到达、抵达，契合等待纪念品寄到家的语境；refuse拒绝，discover发现，offer主动提供，三个选项不符合此处语境。 5．句意：于我而言，这些来自不同地方的勺子，向我展示世界是什么样子，以及父亲有多爱我。 根据前文父亲去往世界各地出差，应选world，表示世界，契合旅行见识世界的语境；universe宇宙，laughter欢笑，truth真相，三个选项不符合此处语境。 6．句意：父亲计划54岁退休后环游世界，然而他在57岁时死于心脏病。 根据heart disease心脏病，应选died of，表示死于（疾病），契合后文父亲生命走到尽头的情节；learnt about了解，thought of想到，fought for为……奋斗，三个选项不符合此处语境。 7．句意：他身体太虚弱，没法和我交谈，于是他在电脑上给我看了一个地方——新西兰的奥克兰。 根据上文父亲身患重病，应选weak，表示虚弱的，契合病重无力说话的状态；frightened害怕的，satisfied满意的，concentrated专注的，三个选项不符合此处语境。 8．句意：我和父亲都清楚，他没有时间实现这个梦想。 根据后文父亲离世，梦想没能完成，应选time，表示时间，have no time to do sth.没时间做某事，契合语境；courage勇气，money金钱，background背景，三个选项不符合此处语境。 9．句意：当地的勺子看起来很特别，但我一个都没有买。 根据上文作者去到奥克兰，应选local，表示当地的，指奥克兰本地的勺子；expensive昂贵的，ordinary普通的，similar相似的，三个选项不符合此处语境。 10．句意：看完我的勺子藏品，儿子喜欢看着这些藏品，它们让他想起外祖父。 固定搭配remind sb. of sth.，表示使某人想起某物，应选remind，契合藏品勾起回忆的语境；warn警告，tell告诉，inform通知，三个选项不符合此处语境。 Passage 8 In China, the Yellow Emperor is a name that everybody knows. He’s remembered as a smart ruler in ancient China. His wife, Leizu, was also 1 . At that time, people’s 2 were made of animal skins, which were not comfortable at all. What was worse, they were too heavy in summer. Leizu wanted to find a new 3 to make clothes. One day, Leizu was boiling water under a mulberry tree (桑树). She 4 that little worms (虫子) were eating the leaves of the tree. There were many small and strange white “fruits” on the tree. 5 , one of them fell into the hot water by accident. When Leizu took the white “fruit” out, she found it was actually made of long and thin threads (线). It seemed that the hot water made the threads fall apart. Leizu touched the soft silk threads and 6 a good idea. “If these threads can be woven (编织), I’ll be able to make clothes with them. Perhaps I could invent a machine to weave them into cloth.” After trying many times, Leizu finally 7 such a machine. With it, she turned the silk threads into a piece of cloth that was soft and light. People had worn animal skins for a long time, but no one had ever seen such a new thing before. They were very 8 about it. “It feels soft and is so light.” “What a wonderful invention!” “Clothes made of it must be 9 and beautiful.” Later, Leizu taught other people how to make silk. Soon, they began to wear clothes made of it. That was how the secret of silk was discovered in China. Over time, it 10 to other parts of the world and quickly won the hearts of people everywhere. 1．A．friendly B．patient C．pretty D．wise 2．A．toys B．tools C．clothes D．bags 3．A．place B．style C．material D．form 4．A．discovered B．believed C．mentioned D．explained 5．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Fortunately D．Naturally 6．A．dreamed of B．thought of C．looked for D．asked for 7．A．destroyed B．required C．bought D．invented 8．A．worried B．excited C．angry D．nervous 9．A．comfortable B．simple C．heavy D．traditional 10．A．connected B．returned C．compared D．spread 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述嫘祖偶然发现蚕丝，发明织机，制成丝绸衣物，教会人们制丝，丝绸传播到世界各地的故事。 【详解】1．句意：他的妻子嫘祖也很聪慧。 前文说黄帝是聪明的统治者，also表示“也”，wise“聪慧的”对应前文smart。friendly“友好的”，patient“耐心的”，pretty“漂亮的”，和后文发明丝绸的事迹不匹配。 2．句意：在那时，人们的衣服由兽皮制成，一点也不舒服。 后文提到兽皮材质以及制作衣服，clothes“衣服”符合语境。toys“玩具”，tools“工具”，bags“包”，均与下文内容无关。 3．句意：嫘祖想要找到一种新的材料来制作衣服。 兽皮做的衣服穿着体验差，她需要找做衣服的新材料，material“材料”符合语境。place“地点”，style“款式”，form“形式”，均不符合句意。 4．句意：她发现小虫子正在吃树上的叶子。 此处指嫘祖观察到虫子啃食树叶，discovered“发现”符合语境。believed“相信”，mentioned“提及”，explained“解释”，均不符合当时的场景。 5．句意：突然，其中一个白色“果实”意外掉进热水里。 句中by accident表示“意外发生”，Suddenly“突然”契合突发事件。Finally“最终”，Fortunately“幸运地”，Naturally“自然地”，逻辑不匹配。 6．句意：嫘祖摸到柔软的丝线，想到一个好主意。 think of a good idea是固定搭配，表示“想出好主意”，thought of “想到”符合语境及搭配要求。dreamed of“梦想”，looked for“寻找”，asked for“索要”，均不搭配。 7．句意：经过很多次尝试，嫘祖终于发明了这样一台机器。 前文提到她想要发明机器，invented“发明”对应上文的invent。destroyed“毁坏”，required“需要”，bought“购买”，均与原文情节不符。 8．句意：人们对此非常兴奋。 人们从未见过这种新奇布料，内心是激动的，excited“兴奋的”符合情绪。worried“担心的”，angry“生气的”，nervous“紧张的”，感情色彩错误。 9．句意：用它做出来的衣服一定又舒服又好看。 前文描述布料柔软轻薄，comfortable“舒服的”对应兽皮的不舒适。simple“简单的”，heavy“沉重的”，traditional“传统的”，不符合对新布料的评价。 10．句意：随着时间推移，它传播到世界其他地方，迅速赢得各地人们的喜爱。 spread to为固定搭配，表示“传播到某地”，spread“传播”符合语境及搭配要求。connected“连接”，returned“返回”，compared“比较”，不符合丝绸向外流传的语境。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $