专题05 形容词和副词（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年春季高考英语

专题05 形容词和副词 内容导航 命题精研与考情透视 1 一、考试要求 1 二、 命题分析 2 知识网络梳理 2 知识点1、形容词作定语的后置规律 3 知识点2、多个形容词作定语的排序 4 知识点3、词在句中的位置规律 5 　　知识点4、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 ....................................................................................................7 核心考点精讲 7 考点一：基本句法功能 8 考点一：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 10 实战演练 12 考试要求 　　形容词与副词的用法贯穿英语语言的每一个角落，涵盖语法填空、阅读完形和写作。语法填空考查形容词副词的基本用法、比较级和词性转换；完形填空考查形容词副词的词义有四五个设空；阅读当中形容词副词的意义会影响理解文章；完形填空和阅读理解的选项重在分辨词义；写作运用形容词副词会使文章准确而生动。考纲要求掌握形容词和副词的基本用法，熟悉形容词副词的词义、比较级最高级形式、合成词，以及与形容词副词相关的特殊句型。 命题分析 考点 考查内容 命题趋势 词性转换、比较级/最高级形式变化、固定句型中的形容词选择 形容词转化副词 名词转化形容词 比较级/最高级形式 预测2027年在语法填空、完形填空和阅读理解题中考查 形容词/副词词义辨 析、语境适配性判断 形容词/副词词义辨析、语境适配性判断 预测2027年在语法填空和阅读理解题中考查 　知识点1、形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置： ①形容词短语作定语时; ②表语形容词作定语时; ③修饰复合不定代词时。 知识点2、多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 知识点3、词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。频度副词often可位于实义动词前、be 动词后，如， He often plays basketball. He is often late. 知识点4、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 -ed形容词，通常说明人，意为(某人)感到……; -ing形容词通常说明事物，意为(某事物)令人……"或"令人……的(事物)。 · 考点一 名词单复数 · 考点一：基本句法功能 精讲巧练 1、形容词主要用来修饰名词，在句子中可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，跟定冠词the连用时，相当于名词，可以充当主语和宾语。   I bought a new book yesterday. （形容词作定语）   He is tall. （形容词作表语）   We can make it more beautiful. （形容词作宾语补足语）   Tired, he fell asleep quickly. （形容词作状语）   The poor are poor. （the+形容词作主语）   We should help the poor. （the+形容词作宾语） 2、副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词和副词，在句子中充当状语。  He runs very fast. （副词very，修饰副词fast，而副词fast修饰动词run）  The book is quite interesting. （副词quite，修饰形容词interesting） 例1 （2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ________ (confidence) speaking English. 【答案】confident 【解析】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 例2（2023·浙江卷1月）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 【答案】originally 【解析】考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 · 考点二：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 精讲巧练 1. 平级比较 （1）as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。 ☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。 （2）as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂与＂not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as表示同级比较，即两个或两   部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。 ☞The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作不是像你想像得那么难。 2. 比较级 （1）比较级的修饰语有: rather, much，still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot，a bit, a little, a great deal等。 ☞He is much taller than Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。 ☞The book is better by far than that one. 这本书比那本书要好得多。 （2） 比较级的常见结构： ①比较级+than＂结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 ☞You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。 ☞She doesn’t work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。 ②由more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级 more ＂比……多＂，后接复数名词或不可数名词 ☞I have more new books than my cousin. ☞He has more milk than I. less ＂比……少＂，后接不可数名词 ☞He has less water than me. fewer＂比……少＂，后接复数名词 ☞They have fewer flowers than we . （3） 比较级的特殊结构 ①The more…, the more…表示越……，就越……(more代表比较级) ☞The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。 ☞The happier you are, the more friends you will make.你越快乐，你将会交越多的朋友。 ②比较级+比较级和more and more+多音节词原级表示越来越…… ☞Our school is cleaner and cleaner.我们的校园越来越干净。 ☞Our city becomes more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。 ③the＋比较级＋of the two ＋名词＂表示＂两者中较……的那个＂。 ☞The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。 ④ no +比较级+than结构表示和……一样不…… ⑤ not +比较级+than结构意为不及，表示前者不如后者 ☞You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。 ☞My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。 3. 最高级 （1） 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like。 ☞The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。 ☞I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。 （2）最高级意义的表达法 the +最高级+比较范围 never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数 比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词 比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词 比较级＋than＋anyone else 比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词 比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词 eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译) ①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. ②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class. ③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class. ④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class. ⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class. 否定词＋比较级＝最高级 ☞There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。 ☞—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?你对他在会议上说的满意吗？ —No. It couldn’t have been worse.不，不能再差了。 例3 Work gets done ________ easily when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too. 例4（2024·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the _________(large) United States national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 一、单句语法填空 1. ...it must have been　　　(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.   2. It is　　　　(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.   3. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be　　　(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.   4. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience,　　　　(especial) if you are travelling at high speed.  5. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks　　　　(regular).   6. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which　　　　(gradual) turned into chopsticks.  7. The Frangipani family________（apparent) turned the structure into a castle. 8. There was nobody around me for miles; ________（actual), that wasn't entirely true. 9. It happened________（sudden) when I least expected it. 10. They also use drones to watch them________（close). 2、 真题演练 1.（2023年全国乙卷）The ________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 2.（2023年全国乙卷改错）At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out. 3.（2023年全国甲卷）The bees, butterflies and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps. 4.（2023年浙江卷1月）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ________ (space)homes and walled gardens. 5.（2022新高考I卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 6.（2022全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning). 7.（2022全国乙卷）It can help to build a community with a ___________ (share) future for mankind,” he said. 8.(2022年天津卷第二次)The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day. A. completely blind to B. totally lost in C. pretty keen on D. well aware of 9.（2021新高考1卷）But that's how nature is—always leaving us            (astonish). 10.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their      10      (day) routines. 11.（2021全国乙卷 ）Provide            (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 12.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become      1      (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas. 13.（2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷）I told him how ________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 14.（2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 15.（2021年天津卷第二次）It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available. A. annual B. exact C. alternative D. pleasant 16. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷） The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ________ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 17. （2025·新课标Ⅰ卷） Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ________ (strategy) placement of the pieces… 18. （2025·新课标Ⅰ卷） …and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ________ (digital) generated pictures and silkscreen prints for the exhibition. 19. （2025·新课标Ⅱ卷） …chickens are always free-range and ________ (center) heating doesn’t exist. 20. （2026·全国I卷） Goods can be sold ________ (cheap) with the help of online shops. 3、 语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Incense (香) boasts a long history,   1 its roots in many cultures-ancient China, ancient Egypt, Babylon and beyond. People from all walks of life benefit from its 2 (count) qualities, whether they use it for pleasure or as medicine. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, burning incense, hanging paintings, making tea, and enjoying music have been known as the “four arts for literati (文人) ” 3 (make) from seeds, leaves and flowers, incense has been used as an enjoyable 4 (pursue) for scholars. Moreover medical incense is an essential part of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which considers preventative healthcare as 5 far superior form of treatment when illness strikes. 6 (basic) , medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment, protecting people against infections. It is also believed 7 (possess) the ability to balance the flow of Qi, a vital energy force within the body. Once the medical elements within incense are breathed in, they soon find 8 (they) way into the bloodstream. From there they go directly to the organs 9 treatment assistance is needed. The specific types of incense 10 (choose) based on the individual's condition, aiming to restore balance and promote well-being. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For most of us, popcorn is synonymous (同义的) with movie theaters. We go to the movies, buy a popcorn, and enjoy the show 11 even thinking twice about it. But, why? Why do we always eat popcorn at the movies? One reason for popcorn’s increasing 12 (popular) was its mobility: in 1885, the first steam-powered popcorn maker hit the streets, invented by Charles Cretor. The mobile nature of the machine made 13 the perfect production machine to serve customers 14 (attend) outdoor sporting events, or circuses and 15 (fair). Not only was popcorn mobile, but it could be mass-produced without a kitchen, an advantage 16 another crunchy snack — the potato chip — lacked. Another reason for its dominance over other snacks was its appealing smell when 17 (heat). But it wasn’t super fancy to movie theatres at first as they didn’t allow such a loud and messy food into their performances. 18 relationship between popcorn and the movies was really set in stone during World War II. Things like chocolate and sugar were limited during the war while salt and popcorn kernels were never limited. So the country’s favorite go-to-movie snack was even 19 (available) and popular. Ever since, popcorn and movies 20 (continue) to be as iconic as any duo (二重奏) out there. 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 形容词和副词 内容导航 命题精研与考情透视 1 一、考试要求 1 二、 命题分析 2 知识网络梳理 2 知识点1、形容词作定语的后置规律 3 知识点2、多个形容词作定语的排序 4 知识点3、词在句中的位置规律 5 　　知识点4、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 ....................................................................................................7 核心考点精讲 7 考点一：基本句法功能 8 考点一：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 10 实战演练 12 考试要求 　　形容词与副词的用法贯穿英语语言的每一个角落，涵盖语法填空、阅读完形和写作。语法填空考查形容词副词的基本用法、比较级和词性转换；完形填空考查形容词副词的词义有四五个设空；阅读当中形容词副词的意义会影响理解文章；完形填空和阅读理解的选项重在分辨词义；写作运用形容词副词会使文章准确而生动。考纲要求掌握形容词和副词的基本用法，熟悉形容词副词的词义、比较级最高级形式、合成词，以及与形容词副词相关的特殊句型。 命题分析 考点 考查内容 命题趋势 词性转换、比较级/最高级形式变化、固定句型中的形容词选择 形容词转化副词 名词转化形容词 比较级/最高级形式 预测2027年在语法填空、完形填空和阅读理解题中考查 形容词/副词词义辨 析、语境适配性判断 形容词/副词词义辨析、语境适配性判断 预测2027年在语法填空和阅读理解题中考查 　知识点1、形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置： ①形容词短语作定语时; ②表语形容词作定语时; ③修饰复合不定代词时。 知识点2、多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 知识点3、词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。频度副词often可位于实义动词前、be 动词后，如， He often plays basketball. He is often late. 知识点4、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 -ed形容词，通常说明人，意为(某人)感到……; -ing形容词通常说明事物，意为(某事物)令人……"或"令人……的(事物)。 · 考点一 名词单复数 · 考点一：基本句法功能 精讲巧练 1、形容词主要用来修饰名词，在句子中可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，跟定冠词the连用时，相当于名词，可以充当主语和宾语。   I bought a new book yesterday. （形容词作定语）   He is tall. （形容词作表语）   We can make it more beautiful. （形容词作宾语补足语）   Tired, he fell asleep quickly. （形容词作状语）   The poor are poor. （the+形容词作主语）   We should help the poor. （the+形容词作宾语） 2、副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词和副词，在句子中充当状语。  He runs very fast. （副词very，修饰副词fast，而副词fast修饰动词run）  The book is quite interesting. （副词quite，修饰形容词interesting） 例1 （2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ________ (confidence) speaking English. 【答案】confident 【解析】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 例2（2023·浙江卷1月）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 【答案】originally 【解析】考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 · 考点二：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 精讲巧练 1. 平级比较 （1）as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。 ☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。 （2）as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂与＂not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as表示同级比较，即两个或两   部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。 ☞The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作不是像你想像得那么难。 2. 比较级 （1）比较级的修饰语有: rather, much，still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot，a bit, a little, a great deal等。 ☞He is much taller than Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。 ☞The book is better by far than that one. 这本书比那本书要好得多。 （2） 比较级的常见结构： ①比较级+than＂结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 ☞You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。 ☞She doesn’t work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。 ②由more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级 more ＂比……多＂，后接复数名词或不可数名词 ☞I have more new books than my cousin. ☞He has more milk than I. less ＂比……少＂，后接不可数名词 ☞He has less water than me. fewer＂比……少＂，后接复数名词 ☞They have fewer flowers than we . （3） 比较级的特殊结构 ①The more…, the more…表示越……，就越……(more代表比较级) ☞The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。 ☞The happier you are, the more friends you will make.你越快乐，你将会交越多的朋友。 ②比较级+比较级和more and more+多音节词原级表示越来越…… ☞Our school is cleaner and cleaner.我们的校园越来越干净。 ☞Our city becomes more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。 ③the＋比较级＋of the two ＋名词＂表示＂两者中较……的那个＂。 ☞The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。 ④ no +比较级+than结构表示和……一样不…… ⑤ not +比较级+than结构意为不及，表示前者不如后者 ☞You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。 ☞My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。 3. 最高级 （1） 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like。 ☞The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。 ☞I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。 （2）最高级意义的表达法 the +最高级+比较范围 never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数 比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词 比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词 比较级＋than＋anyone else 比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词 比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词 eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译) ①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. ②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class. ③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class. ④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class. ⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class. 否定词＋比较级＝最高级 ☞There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。 ☞—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?你对他在会议上说的满意吗？ —No. It couldn’t have been worse.不，不能再差了。 例3 Work gets done ________ easily when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too. 【答案】more 【解析】根据题意可知，说话者是将when people do it together和when people don’t do it together这两种情况比较，故选比较级。另外，根据句末的higher too也可知道此题是考查比较级。 例4（2024·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the _________(large) United States national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】largest 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是最大的美国国家公园-220万英亩-直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔-圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑，并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据句意，此处表范围内最大，需用最高级形式，故填largest。 一、单句语法填空 1. ...it must have been　　　(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.   2. It is　　　　(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.   3. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be　　　(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.   4. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience,　　　　(especial) if you are travelling at high speed.  5. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks　　　　(regular).   6. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which　　　　(gradual) turned into chopsticks.  7. The Frangipani family________（apparent) turned the structure into a castle. 8. There was nobody around me for miles; ________（actual), that wasn't entirely true. 9. It happened________（sudden) when I least expected it. 10. They also use drones to watch them________（close). 参考答案： 1. 【答案】fairly　 考查副词。此处修饰形容词unpleasant,应用副词,故填fairly。 2. 【答案】certainly　 考查副词。空处修饰形容词,作状语,故填certainly。 3. 【答案】officially　 考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词,所以填officially。 4. 【答案】especially　 句意:急刹车有时是非常吓人的经历,特别是当你正在高速行进的时候。修饰句子应用副词,故填especially特别,尤其。 5. 【答案】regularly　 考查词形转换。修饰谓语动词take应用副词,故填regularly有规律地。 6. 【答案】gradually　 考查副词。修饰的动词 turned应用副词修饰动词。 7. 【答案】apparently 句意：弗兰吉帕尼家族显然把这座建筑变成了一座城堡。修饰动词turned应用副词。故填apparently. 8. 【答案】Actually 句意：我周围几英里都没有人；事实上，这并不完全正确。但此处需修饰整个句子，应使用副词actually。故填 actual 9. 【答案】suddenly 句意；它在我最意想不到的时候突然发生了。修饰谓语动词 happened应用副词。故填suddenly. 10. 【答案】Closely 句意：他们还使用无人机密切监视。修饰动词watch应用副词。故填Closely. 2、 真题演练 1.（2023年全国乙卷）The ________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【答案】remarkable 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 2.（2023年全国乙卷改错）At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out. 【答案】truth改为true 【解析】考查形容词。句意：至少有一件事被证明是正确的：这种颜色洗不掉。prove为系动词，表示“证明是”，后接形容词。故truth改为true。 3.（2023年全国甲卷）The bees, butterflies and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps. 【答案】beautiful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。系动词lovely后跟形容词beautiful，作表语。故beautifully改为beautiful。 4.（2023年浙江卷1月）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ________ (space)homes and walled gardens. 【答案】spacious 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 5.（2022新高考I卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 【答案】eventually 【解析】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 6.（2022全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning). 【答案】meaningful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 7.（2022全国乙卷）It can help to build a community with a ___________ (share) future for mankind,” he said. 【答案】shared 【解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。 8.(2022年天津卷第二次)The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day. A. completely blind to B. totally lost in C. pretty keen on D. well aware of 【答案】D 【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险，决定等到第二天。A. completely blind to 完全不了解；B. totally lost in完全迷失于；C. pretty keen on 非常喜欢；D. well aware of充分意识到。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词短语作表语，选项均为副词修饰形容词，结合句意可知，此处表示“充分意识到”，故well aware of符合句意。故选D项。 9.（2021新高考1卷）But that's how nature is—always leaving us            (astonish). 【答案】 astonished 【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构， 表示 "使……处于某种状态" 。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。 10.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their      10      (day) routines. 【答案】 daily 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示 "观察当地人的日常生活" ，修饰routines, 故用形容词，故填daily。 11.（2021全国乙卷 ）Provide            (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 【答案】 financial 【解析】考查形容词。空前为动词，空后为名词，故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。因此应使用finance的形容词形式financial。句意：为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填financial。 12.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become      1      (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas. 【答案】educated 【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知，空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意：这与传统的旅游业不同，因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。故填educated。 13.（2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷）I told him how ________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 【答案】harmful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 14.（2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 【答案】excited 【解析】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 15.（2021年天津卷第二次）It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available. A. annual B. exact C. alternative D. pleasant 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词。句意：如果你首选的旅游景点没有了，选择一个替代目的地是一个好主意。A. annual年度的；B. exact准确的；C. alternative替代的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据后文“destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available”可知此处指替代目的地，应用alternative。故选C。 16. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷） The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ________ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 【答案】functional 【解析】考查形容词。后面有名词structure，需要形容词修饰名词；function（名词/动词）→ functional（adj. 功能性的）。 句意：最新工程技术被用来打造这个兼具美观的保护性功能性结构。   17. （2025·新课标Ⅰ卷） Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ________ (strategy) placement of the pieces… 【答案】strategic 【解析】考查形容词。修饰后面名词placement，要用形容词；strategy（名词，策略）→ strategic（adj. 策略性的）。 句意：屠（女士）说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子策略性摆放当中的美感……   18. （2025·新课标Ⅰ卷） …and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ________ (digital) generated pictures and silkscreen prints for the exhibition. 【答案】digitally 【解析】考查副词。修饰后面过去分词generated，副词修饰分词；digital（adj.）→ digitally（adv. 数字化地）。 句意：……以及为这次展览创作的数字化生成图像与丝网版画。   19. （2025·新课标Ⅱ卷） …chickens are always free-range and ________ (center) heating doesn’t exist. 【答案】central 【解析】考查形容词，修饰名词heating；center（名词，中心）→ central（adj. 中心的）；central heating 固定搭配：集中供暖。 句意：并且（这里）没有集中供暖。   20. （2026·全国I卷） Goods can be sold ________ (cheap) with the help of online shops. 【答案】cheaply 【解析】考查副词，修饰谓语动词sold；cheap（形容词）→ cheaply（adv. 便宜地）。 句意：借助网店，商品可以低价售卖。 3、 语篇语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Incense (香) boasts a long history,   1 its roots in many cultures-ancient China, ancient Egypt, Babylon and beyond. People from all walks of life benefit from its 2 (count) qualities, whether they use it for pleasure or as medicine. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, burning incense, hanging paintings, making tea, and enjoying music have been known as the “four arts for literati (文人) ” 3 (make) from seeds, leaves and flowers, incense has been used as an enjoyable 4 (pursue) for scholars. Moreover medical incense is an essential part of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which considers preventative healthcare as 5 far superior form of treatment when illness strikes. 6 (basic) , medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment, protecting people against infections. It is also believed 7 (possess) the ability to balance the flow of Qi, a vital energy force within the body. Once the medical elements within incense are breathed in, they soon find 8 (they) way into the bloodstream. From there they go directly to the organs 9 treatment assistance is needed. The specific types of incense 10 (choose) based on the individual's condition, aiming to restore balance and promote well-being. 【答案】 1．with 2．countless 3．Made 4．pursuit 5．a 6．Basically 7．to possess 8．their 9．where 10．are chosen 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是香在许多文化中拥有悠久的历史，并且被人们广泛使用，无论是作为享乐还是药物。 1．考查介词。句意：香的历史悠久，在许多文化中都有其根源——古代中国、古埃及、巴比伦等。分析句子可知，此处应填介词，根据下文“its roots in many cultures”可知，此处使用“with+宾语+介词短语”的复合结构作状语，with表示“具有”。故填with。 2．考查形容词。句意：各行各业的人都受益于它的无数品质，无论他们是将其用于娱乐还是作为药物。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词，根据上文“benefit from its”和下文“qualities”可知，此处使用形容词countless作定语，表示“无数的”。故填countless。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：由种子、叶子和花朵制成，香一直是文人墨客的一种享受。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词，再根据下文“incense has been used”可知，此处使用过去分词made作后置定语，表示被动和完成。首字母大写。故填Made。 4．考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处应填名词，根据上文“an enjoyable”可知，此处使用名词 pursuit 作宾语，表示“享受”，因该词为不可数名词使用单数。故填pursuit。 5．考查冠词。句意：此外，药用香是中医的重要组成部分，中医认为预防保健是疾病发作时的一种更好的治疗形式。分析句子可知，此处应填冠词，根据下文“form of treatment”可知，此处使用不定冠词a作定语，表示“一种”。故填a。 6．考查副词。句意：基本上，药用香可以杀死环境中的细菌，保护人们免受感染。分析句子可知，此处应填副词，根据下文“medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment”可知，此处使用副词basically作状语，表示“基本上”。故填Basically。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：它也被认为具有平衡体内气的流动的能力，气是体内的一种重要的能量力量。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词，根据上文“It is also believed”可知，此处使用动词不定式to possess作主语补足语，表示“被认为”。故填to possess。 8．考查反身代词。句意：一旦香中的药用成分被吸入，它们很快就会进入血液。分析句子可知，空白处在句子中作定语修饰名词way，应使用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 9．考查定语从句。句意：从那里，它们直接进入需要治疗帮助的器官。分析句子可知，此处应填定语从句关系词，因先行词在定语从句中作状语表示地点。故填 where。 10．考查时态语态。句意：根据个人情况选择特定类型的香，旨在恢复平衡和促进健康。分析句子可知，此处应填时态语态，根据上文“Incense (香) boasts a long history”可知，此处使用一般现在时，再根据下文“based on the individual's condition”可知，此处使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语 The specific types of incense 是复数，助动词用 are。故填 are chosen。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For most of us, popcorn is synonymous (同义的) with movie theaters. We go to the movies, buy a popcorn, and enjoy the show 11 even thinking twice about it. But, why? Why do we always eat popcorn at the movies? One reason for popcorn’s increasing 12 (popular) was its mobility: in 1885, the first steam-powered popcorn maker hit the streets, invented by Charles Cretor. The mobile nature of the machine made 13 the perfect production machine to serve customers 14 (attend) outdoor sporting events, or circuses and 15 (fair). Not only was popcorn mobile, but it could be mass-produced without a kitchen, an advantage 16 another crunchy snack — the potato chip — lacked. Another reason for its dominance over other snacks was its appealing smell when 17 (heat). But it wasn’t super fancy to movie theatres at first as they didn’t allow such a loud and messy food into their performances. 18 relationship between popcorn and the movies was really set in stone during World War II. Things like chocolate and sugar were limited during the war while salt and popcorn kernels were never limited. So the country’s favorite go-to-movie snack was even 19 (available) and popular. Ever since, popcorn and movies 20 (continue) to be as iconic as any duo (二重奏) out there. 【答案】 11．without 12．popularity 13．it 14．attending 15．fairs 16．that/which 17．heated 18．The 19．more available 20．have continued 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了爆米花总是和看电影联系在一起的原因。 11．考查介词。句意：我们去看电影，买个爆米花，不假思索地欣赏电影。根据前文“For most of us, popcorn is synonymous (同义的) with movie theaters.(对我们大多数人来说，爆米花就是电影院的代名词)”可知，此处是指不假思索地欣赏电影，所以应用介词without表示“没有”。故填without。 12．考查名词。句意：爆米花越来越受欢迎的一个原因是它的移动性：1885年，查尔斯·克雷特发明了第一台蒸汽动力爆米花机。此处作宾语，应用名词popularity表示“受欢迎”。故填popularity。 13．考查代词。句意：机器的移动特性使其成为完美的生产机器，为参加户外体育赛事或马戏团和博览会的客户服务。根据“the perfect production machine”可知，此处是指使这种机器成为完美的生产机器，代指the machine应用代词it。故填it。 14．考查现在分词。句意：机器的移动特性使其成为完美的生产机器，为参加户外体育赛事或马戏团和博览会的客户服务。动词attend意为“参加”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语customers构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填attending。 15．考查名词复数。句意：机器的移动特性使其成为完美的生产机器，为参加户外体育赛事或马戏团和博览会的客户服务。fair意为“博览会”，为可数名词，根据“outdoor sporting events, or circuses”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填fairs。 16．考查定语从句。句意：爆米花不仅可以移动，而且可以在没有厨房的情况下批量生产，这是另一种脆脆的零食——薯片——所缺乏的优势。在定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为advantage，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。 17．考查过去分词。句意：它在其他零食中占据主导地位的另一个原因是它在加热时散发出诱人的气味。动词heat意为“加热”，和逻辑主语“爆米花”构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式作状语。故填heated。 18．考查冠词。句意：爆米花和电影之间的关系在第二次世界大战期间确实是板上钉钉的。根据“between popcorn and the movies”可知，此处特指爆米花和电影之间的关系，所以应用定冠词the。句首首字母应大写。故填The。 19．考查比较级。句意：因此，这个国家最受欢迎的电影小吃变得更容易买到，也更受欢迎。在even后形容词available应用比较级。根据前文“Things like chocolate and sugar were limited during the war while salt and popcorn kernels were never limited.(像巧克力和糖这样的东西在战争期间是限制的，而盐和爆米花仁则从来没有限制过。)”可知，此处是指更容易买到。故填more available。 20．考查现在完成时。句意：从那以后，爆米花和电影就像任何一对搭档一样，一直是标志性的。根据ever since可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语popcorn and movies是复数，助动词用have。故填have continued。 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $