专题02 阅读理解-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语期中考前梯度特训（沪教版·深圳专用）

考前特训 专题02 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（深圳专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 阅读理解是深圳中考英语分值最大、篇幅最长的题型，旨在考查学生在语篇中获取信息、推理判断、理解主旨与作者意图的能力。每篇短文后设若干小题，要求学生读懂文章并选出最佳选项。 本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、40 道小题，篇幅在 182—352 词之间，体裁涵盖说明文、记叙文与议论文，话题横跨中华优秀传统文化（黎锦）、科技前沿（太空实验、视力修复）、楷模人物（黄旭华）与成长教育（青少年大脑、亲子关系）等，贴近九年级学生的认知水平与选材导向。 二、命题特点 （1）体裁多元、选材新颖：说明、记叙、议论均有，话题涉及传统文化、科技前沿、人物传记与社会现象，如黎锦入选非遗、太空小鼠实验、视力芯片突破。 （2）细节理解是基础：多数题目考查对具体信息的定位与理解（时间、数字、人物行为），要求“回原文找依据”，如黎锦入选时间、太空小鼠实验目的。 （3）推理判断与主旨大意并重：infer（推断）、main purpose（写作目的）、best title（最佳标题）类题目占比上升，须统观全篇而非只看局部。 （4）词义猜测与结构安排入题：如猜测 underlined word 的含义、判断句子应插入的位置（“▲”），考查语篇衔接与逻辑顺序意识。 （5）题干设问规范、选项干扰性强：正确项多为原文同义转换，干扰项常“偷换概念、以偏概全、过度推断、无中生有”，需细致比对。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 题梳理） （1）细节理解题（约 16 题）：直接信息、数字、事实，如黎锦入选非遗时间、太空小鼠实验目的、黄旭华事迹。 （2）推理判断题（约 10 题）：infer、隐含意义，如从段落推断人物态度、从细节推测作者倾向。 （3）主旨大意题（约 8 题）：main idea、best title、main purpose，看首尾段与反复出现的关键词。 （4）词义猜测题（约 3 题）：underlined word 含义推测，借助上下文或构词线索。 （5）结构逻辑题（约 3 题）：句子复位、段落要点，考查语篇结构与衔接。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈画关键词（人名、数字、专有名词、疑问词），明确“问什么”，再带着问题回文定位，避免盲目通读。 第二步：定位原文对应句段，划出依据；细节题找同义替换，推理题找隐含逻辑，标题/主旨题看首尾段与高频词。 第三步：比对选项，排除“偷换概念、以偏概全、过度推断、无中生有”四类干扰项，确认答案有原文支撑。 第四步：复查，确保所选答案与题干匹配、与全文基调一致，不凭主观臆断，难题结合排除法提高准确率。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节理解——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“Li brocade (黎锦) is a famous traditional art of the Li people in Hainan”。该题考查从原文直接提取信息，须将选项与原文句段逐一比对，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨2】推理判断——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文写道“Parents and teachers often find the teenage years challenging”。该题需在理解字面意思的基础上，结合上下文作出合理推断，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨3】词义猜测——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“Last November, China’s space station welcomed some special “astronaut…”。该题要求根据语境或构词法推断生词或短语的含义，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨4】主旨大意——以 Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文写道“Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6, 20…”。该题考查对段落或全文中心思想的概括，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 B。 【点拨5】标题归纳——以 Passage 5 题 5 为例：原文写道“In Naples, Italy, an eleven-year-old boy lived with his mother”。该题要求为文章选择最贴切的标题，须统揽全文主旨，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨6】细节理解——以 Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文写道“International E-Waste Day takes place every year on October 14”。该题考查从原文直接提取信息，须将选项与原文句段逐一比对，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 D。 【点拨7】推理判断——以 Passage 7 题 2 为例：原文写道“Do you sometimes pay no attention to your mom while talking with frie…”。该题需在理解字面意思的基础上，结合上下文作出合理推断，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨8】词义猜测——以 Passage 8 题 3 为例：原文写道“Scientists have made a new breakthrough to help people with serious e…”。该题要求根据语境或构词法推断生词或短语的含义，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 A。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“先入为主”：用常识代替原文，忽略文章明示信息。 • 忌“偷换概念”：选项看似原文词，实则改了范围或对象。 • 忌“过度推断”：选出原文未支持的结论。 • 忌“主旨偏差”：细节题当主旨题，或反之。 Passage 1 Li brocade (黎锦) is a famous traditional art of the Li people in Hainan. In December 2024, it was moved to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录). Chen Mengli is a young inheritor (传承人). When she was a child, she wore Li brocade and sang Li songs during festivals. Later, she studied textile (纺织) design at college. In 2014, she finished college and became a student of Liu Xianglan, a national-level inheritor. Chen then had a new idea. She put Li brocade elements into modern products and started a company. Today her company has made over 100 kinds of creative products, and it has helped more than 300 local workers make a living. Now Li brocade is also taught in over 100 schools in Hainan. More and more young people are learning the old art. “We want to let Li brocade walk out of the mountains and into daily life,” Chen says. （人民日报报道《技艺传承有活力》） a. She studied textile design at college.  b. She became a student of Liu Xianglan. c. She put Li brocade into modern products.  d. She wore Li brocade at festivals as a child. 1．When was Li brocade moved to UNESCO’s Representative List? A．In 2009. B．In 2014. C．In 2024. D．In 2025. 2．How many kinds of creative products has Chen’s company made? A．Over 100. B．Over 500. C．Over 5,000. D．Over 20,000. 3．Which is the right order of Chen Mengli’s experiences? A．b→d→a→c B．a→d→b→c C．d→b→a→c D．d→a→b→c 4．Why does Chen want to develop Li brocade? A．To get rich quickly. B．To keep the old art alive. C．To run a big college. D．To live in the mountains. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Old arts will soon disappear. B．Only old people like Li brocade. C．Young people keep traditions alive. D．Li brocade sells only in Hainan. Passage 2 Parents and teachers often find the teenage years challenging. Scientists now have a clearer explanation for this: the way teens act is closely linked to their brain development. Although our brains reach nearly adult size by age six, they are not fully developed. In fact, the brain continues to change until around age 25. During the teenage years, it goes through significant changes, much like a computer system being upgraded. This process helps us better control our impulses (冲动) and understand rules. However, because the teenage brain is still a “work in progress,” it sometimes leads to impulsive behaviors. Research shows that teenagers are more likely to take risks. One key reason is that their brains respond to rewards more strongly. When thinking about potential rewards, a teen’s brain produces more pleasure-creating chemicals than an adult brain does. This makes rewards seem more valuable than risks and makes new experiences feel more exciting. The teen brain also finds social connections particularly rewarding. Teens feel a strong need to meet new people and build friendships. Scientists suggest this helps them get used to future social situations and contributes to life success. While this strong wish for rewards can sometimes lead to poor choices, it also encourages teens to try new things and become independent. In the end, these brain changes help prepare teenagers to step out on their own. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the teenage brain? A．By telling a personal story about a teenager. B．By showing the results of scientific research. C．By using a famous saying from a brain scientist. D．By asking questions to the readers. 2．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following title is the most suitable description for the chart? A．Brain size comparison B．Ability to control behavior C．Pleasure chemical production D．Time spent on social activities 3．Why are teenagers more likely to take risks according to the passage? A．They have a better understanding of rules. B．They produce chemicals that make them feel good. C．They care less about the possible results of their actions. D．They receive more encouragement from their friends. 4．According to Paragraph 4, why do scientists believe the teen brain encourages social behavior? A．Because teenagers are too young to stay alone. B．Because it makes teenagers forget about taking risks. C．Because it is a way to prepare them for future adult life. D．Because it helps teenagers to control their impulses better. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To warn parents about the dangers of teen risks. B．To encourage teenagers to be more independent. C．To compare the brains of teenagers and adults. D．To explain the influence of the growing teen brain. Passage 3 Last November, China’s space station welcomed some special “astronauts” — four black mice. They stayed on the space station for two weeks before returning to the Earth. This marked the first time China had sent mice to our space station. ▲ That’s because they have several advantages. First, they share a high genetic (基因的) similarity with humans. Besides, they are small and have a short reproductive (繁殖) period. These traits (特点) make mice perfect for studying how living things grow and develop in space. These tiny “astronauts” passed many tests to get their “tickets to space”. Much like human astronauts, they were chosen from a pool of 300 mice based on their physical fitness and ability to stand up to the zero-gravity environment. In a test, scientists hung them upside down to see how they behaved. Only those who fought back and stayed active could pass. They also did maze (迷宫) tests. The mice had to find food in a maze, which showed how well they could remember things and find their way in weightless conditions. After 60 days of testing, only 48 made it to the list. Finally, four mice that performed the best in all the tests got the chance to go to space. After the mice returned to the Earth, scientists studied their health conditions and behaviour. This research is very important for finding out whether humans can live in space in the long term. The findings could also help with human health. Overall, this is a big step forward in China’s space science research. 1．What do we know about the mice from the first paragraph? A．Their size. B．Their number. C．Their weight. D．Their skill. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in“▲”? A．What did the mice do in space? B．How did scientists train the mice? C．What challenges did the mice face? D．Why were mice chosen for research? 3．Why did scientists give the mice maze tests? A．To train them to find food quickly. B．To see if they could stay active in space. C．To check their memory and direction-finding ability. D．To test their ability to live in a zero-gravity environment. 4．Why does the writer mention some numbers in the third paragraph? A．To show the choice was strict. B．To explain the tests were easy. C．To describe the test process. D．To prove mice were the best astronauts. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．China’s space station journey B．China’s first “mouse astronauts” C．Animals in space exploration D．The life of mice in space Passage 4 Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6, 2025. But his great achievements and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep lighting up China’s way forward. Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of China.Then he studied hard and decided to make the country strong with his knowledge. In the 1950s, China started to develop nuclear submarines (核潜艇), but it was a very difficult task. Huang wasn’t afraid and stepped forward bravely. At that time, there wasn’t much advanced technology or many resources. The task was almost impossible. However, Huang and his team took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they stopped keeping in touch with the outside world-even with their families. During the design process, Huang and his team met lots of problems. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, so they could only depend on their own research. They used simple tools like abacuses to calculate and do experiments with great effort. Another problem was to make sure the submarine was stable (稳定的) under the water. After many tests, they slowly solved all the problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. It made China one of the few countries that had this ability. But Huang didn’t stop after this big success. He went on to help with the development of China’s submarine technology. His hard work and devotion (奉献) won him many honors, including the Medal of the Republic in 2019. 1．What do we know about Huang Xuhua? A．He was born in the 1950s. B．He didn’t do well at school. C．He was the greatest scientist in China. D．He will be remembered by Chinese people. 2．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraphs 3-4? A．Many foreign countries owned nuclear submarines at that time. B．Huang’s success was largely because of his family’s support. C．Huang and his team achieved a lot through their hard work. D．Some submarine technology was used in China in the 1950s. 3．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The effect of China’s first nuclear submarine. B．The development of China’s nuclear submarines. C．Huang Xuhua’s main achievements in his lifetime. D．Huang Xuhua’ s hopes for the development of China’ s submarine technology. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Huang Xuhua? A．Intelligent and considerate. B．Creative and hard-working. C．Artistic and responsible. D．Brave and pleasant. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce a great Chinese scientist Huang Xuhua to us. B．To encourage us to learn from Huang Xuhua. C．To call on more people to work for China. D．To show it’s not easy to be a scientist. Passage 5 In Naples, Italy, an eleven-year-old boy lived with his mother. They were very poor. Both of them had to work to make enough money to buy their daily needs. The boy worked in a factory. He loved singing. He spent all his free time learning to read musical notes, practising on an old piano and singing songs. One day, the boy asked a music teacher to teach him. However, after listening to him sing, the teacher said, “You are hopeless. Your voice isn’t good at all. You can never become a great singer.” The words were a great blow to the boy. Soon he began to wander (闲逛) through the streets of Naples with his friends. It broke his mother’s heart, but she still believed in her son. One evening, after dinner, the mother said, “I love the way you sing. Why don’t we sing our favourite songs?” She then took the boy to the piano, and the boy began to play their favourite songs. Soon the house was filled with the sound of the mother and son singing. Then the mother said, “Why don’t you start music lessons? I know a great music teacher who will train you to become an expert. I’m sure you will become a great singer someday.” Hearing his mother’s encouraging words, the boy started to practise singing again. The mother worked harder to pay for her son’s music lessons. Thanks to the mother, the boy finally became one of the best singers of all time. His name was Enrico Caruso. 1．What do we know about the boy? A．He took an interest in music. B．He came from a musical family. C．He learnt to sing from his mother. D．He and his mother both worked in a factory. 2．What does the third paragraph want to show us? A．The music teacher was the most famous singer in Naples. B．The music teacher was strict with every student. C．The boy’s musical journey wasn’t easy. D．The boy was confident enough. 3．Why did the mother invite her son to sing songs together? A．To make him relaxed. B．To help him with his music lessons. C．To teach him how to play the piano. D．To encourage him to practise singing again. 4．Which of the following words can best describe the mother? A．Friendly. B．Supportive. C．Brave. D．Serious. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．A hard-working mother. B．How to practise singing. C．A story of Enrico Caruso. D．How to be a famous singer. Passage 6 International E-Waste Day takes place every year on October 14. It aims to highlight the problems of electronic waste. In 2023, it focused on “invisible” e-waste—— things most people don’t think of as electronics. Electronic waste, or e-waste, is the name given to old electronic devices that get thrown away. These can include old computers, phones, TVs, as well as all kinds of other electronic devices. E-waste is a big problem. While electronics can make life easier and more entertainment, the devices aren’t easy on the environment. As newer and more advanced devices come out, lots of electronics are thrown away, instead of being recycled. These things often end up in landfills, where the chemicals inside them may be a danger to the environment. Electronics can have dangerous materials like lead(铅) or mercury(水银). If these materials get into the ground or water, the pollution can cause serious problems. A group known as WEEE asked researchers from the United Nations to study a kind of e-waste that’s often not noticed. The WEEE calls this type“invisible” e-waste. The UN study shows that of all the 61 million tons of e-waste in a year, about 1/6 is“invisible”, and that the value of this unseen waste is worth about $9.5 billion a year. The surprising type leading the invisible e-waste group is toys. Worldwide, about 7.3 billion electronic toys are thrown away each year. These include toys like car racing sets, electric trains,musical toys and drones. In all, toys make up about 35% of invisible e-waste. But the problem is far larger than just toys. The UN report shows that other everyday things like home alarms, smoke alarms, power tools and computer cables are also big sources of invisible e-waste. The report says that 36% of the world’s invisible e-waste comes from these types. Nowadays, more and more people—— and governments—— know about the harm of e-waste, and they will make a greater effort to make sure electronics get reused or recycled. 1．Why is e-waste a big problem? A．Because it’s difficult to collect it. B．Because it costs people too much money. C．Because it takes up too much space. D．Because it pollutes the environment. 2．What does the underlined word“landfills” mean? A．Junk yards. B．Playgrounds. C．Public places. D．Gardens. 3．How many tons of invisible e-waste are there in a year? A．About 4 million tons. B．About 6 million tons. C．About 8 million tons. D．About 10 million tons. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Few people will pay attention to invisible e-waste. B．More landfills will be built to take in invisible e-waste. C．More invisible e-waste will be thrown away everywhere. D．More actions will be taken to reduce the harm of e-waste. 5．The purpose of the passage is to . A．tell the purpose of International E-Waste Day B．call on people to use fewer electronics C．draw attention to invisible e-waste D．explain the meaning of invisible e-waste Passage 7 Do you sometimes pay no attention to your mom while talking with friends? If you’re a teen, that’s quite common. And new research may explain why so many teens tune out (无视) their moms’ voice. Young kids’ brains are very attuned to their mothers’ voices, science has shown. But as kids enter their teenage years, everything changes. Teenagers listen to strangers’ voices more than their own mom’s, a new study has found. “Teens have this whole other class of sounds and voices that they need to listen to,” explained Daniel Abrams from Stanford University School of Medicine in California. He and his team shared their findings this April in Journal of Neuroscience. The researchers studied what happened in the brains of 7-to 16-year-olds as they listened to three words said by their mothers or by strange women. The words had no meaning and were impossible to understand. They were teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt. Using them allowed the scientists to study voices on their own, not what they were saying. According to the study, as the kids listened, certain areas of their brains became active. For teens, these brain areas responded (作出反应) more to strange voices than to their moms’. However, it’s not that teenagers purposely (故意地) tune out their mothers’ voices but that their brains become more open to other voices as they grow up. “Just as a baby knows to tune in to his mother’s voice, a teen knows to tune in to new voices,” said Abrams. “As a teen, you don’t know you’re doing this. You’re just being you.” Here’s why. As kids grow up, they become independent and expand (扩大) their social connections outside their family. As a result, their brains begin paying more attention to that wider world. “Both teens and their parents may sometimes feel upset by missed messages. That’s okay,” Abrams said. “This is the way the brain is connected, and there’s a good reason for it.” 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By raising a question. C．By comparing two facts. D．By imagining a situation. 2．What can we learn about the new study from Paragraph 2? A．It was done by a team from a hospital. B．It helped know more about the brain. C．It appeared in a magazine. D．It built on a 2021 study. 3．What does the writer explain to us in Paragraph 3? A．Why the researchers chose kids between 7 and 16 years old. B．Why young kids are tuned in to their mothers’ voices. C．Why everything changes as kids become teenagers. D．Why the researchers used three special words. 4．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The results of the study. B．The process of the study. C．The subjects of the study. D．The meaning of the study. 5．Which of the following would Daniel Abrams most probably agree with? A．Teenagers don’t want to listen to their moms. B．Teenagers depend on strangers more. C．It’s a good thing that kids are interested in all voices. D．It’s a good thing that kids become more independent. Passage 8 Scientists have made a new breakthrough to help people with serious eyesight problems see again. They have created small electronic chips, only 2 mm wide, which are put inside the eye. However, these chips cannot work alone—they must be used together with special glasses. The technology was recently tested on 38 patients who have a serious eye disease. This disease mostly affects old people and damages the central part of their sight, making activities like reading and recognizing faces very difficult. In the United States, about 20 million people have this disease. Sadly, there is no good treatment for it at present. The disease destroys the light-sensitive cells (感光细胞) at the back of the eye. Normally, these cells change light into electrical signals (电信号), which then go to the brain and tell it what the eyes are seeing. When these cells are damaged or dead, the brain receives no information, and people cannot see properly. The tests were carried out at 17 hospitals in Europe. The tiny chips are designed to take the place of the job of the damaged cells. When a patient wearing the special glasses looks at something, a small camera in the glasses takes a picture. The picture is then sent to a small black box, which makes it clearer and sends it back to the glasses. The glasses then send signals to the chip inside the eye. Patients need to spend time practising to help their brains understand the new pictures. Although the pictures are only in black and white, the chip has brought light back into their dark world. Sheila Irvine, a 70-year-old woman who took part in the test, shared her story. After spending many hours learning to use the new system, she can now read books again. “It is amazing,” she said with a big smile. This technology is still in its early stages, but it offers great hope for millions of people with eyesight problems. ① The black box makes the picture clearer.        ② The glasses send signals to the chip inside the eye. ③ The camera in the glasses takes a picture.        ④ The chip helps the brain understand the pictures. 1．The eye illness ________. A．mainly affects young people B．harms the front part of the eye C．cannot be effectively treated yet D．can be stopped by eating healthy food 2．What is the correct order of how the chip system works? A．③→②→①→④ B．③→①→②→④ C．②→③→①→④ D．①→③→②→④ 3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．How the chip system works to help patients see. B．Why the tests were done at 17 hospitals in Europe. C．What patients think about the black and white pictures. D．How patients practise using the new chip system. 4．What can we infer from Sheila Irvine’s words in Paragraph 5? A．She thinks the training process is surprisingly easy. B．She believes the technology is already perfect for everyone. C．She feels excited about getting her ability to read back. D．She is thankful that the pictures are finally in color. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Eye Problems Among Elderly People B．How the Human Eye Works C．New Chips Help People See Again D．Scientists Test Glasses in Europe 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题02 阅读理解 期中考满分冲刺（深圳专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 阅读理解是深圳中考英语分值最大、篇幅最长的题型，旨在考查学生在语篇中获取信息、推理判断、理解主旨与作者意图的能力。每篇短文后设若干小题，要求学生读懂文章并选出最佳选项。 本次特训共收录 8 篇短文、40 道小题，篇幅在 182—352 词之间，体裁涵盖说明文、记叙文与议论文，话题横跨中华优秀传统文化（黎锦）、科技前沿（太空实验、视力修复）、楷模人物（黄旭华）与成长教育（青少年大脑、亲子关系）等，贴近九年级学生的认知水平与选材导向。 二、命题特点 （1）体裁多元、选材新颖：说明、记叙、议论均有，话题涉及传统文化、科技前沿、人物传记与社会现象，如黎锦入选非遗、太空小鼠实验、视力芯片突破。 （2）细节理解是基础：多数题目考查对具体信息的定位与理解（时间、数字、人物行为），要求“回原文找依据”，如黎锦入选时间、太空小鼠实验目的。 （3）推理判断与主旨大意并重：infer（推断）、main purpose（写作目的）、best title（最佳标题）类题目占比上升，须统观全篇而非只看局部。 （4）词义猜测与结构安排入题：如猜测 underlined word 的含义、判断句子应插入的位置（“▲”），考查语篇衔接与逻辑顺序意识。 （5）题干设问规范、选项干扰性强：正确项多为原文同义转换，干扰项常“偷换概念、以偏概全、过度推断、无中生有”，需细致比对。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 题梳理） （1）细节理解题（约 16 题）：直接信息、数字、事实，如黎锦入选非遗时间、太空小鼠实验目的、黄旭华事迹。 （2）推理判断题（约 10 题）：infer、隐含意义，如从段落推断人物态度、从细节推测作者倾向。 （3）主旨大意题（约 8 题）：main idea、best title、main purpose，看首尾段与反复出现的关键词。 （4）词义猜测题（约 3 题）：underlined word 含义推测，借助上下文或构词线索。 （5）结构逻辑题（约 3 题）：句子复位、段落要点，考查语篇结构与衔接。 一、四步解题法 第一步：先读题干，圈画关键词（人名、数字、专有名词、疑问词），明确“问什么”，再带着问题回文定位，避免盲目通读。 第二步：定位原文对应句段，划出依据；细节题找同义替换，推理题找隐含逻辑，标题/主旨题看首尾段与高频词。 第三步：比对选项，排除“偷换概念、以偏概全、过度推断、无中生有”四类干扰项，确认答案有原文支撑。 第四步：复查，确保所选答案与题干匹配、与全文基调一致，不凭主观臆断，难题结合排除法提高准确率。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】细节理解——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“Li brocade (黎锦) is a famous traditional art of the Li people in Hainan”。该题考查从原文直接提取信息，须将选项与原文句段逐一比对，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨2】推理判断——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文写道“Parents and teachers often find the teenage years challenging”。该题需在理解字面意思的基础上，结合上下文作出合理推断，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨3】词义猜测——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“Last November, China’s space station welcomed some special “astronaut…”。该题要求根据语境或构词法推断生词或短语的含义，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨4】主旨大意——以 Passage 4 题 4 为例：原文写道“Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6, 20…”。该题考查对段落或全文中心思想的概括，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 B。 【点拨5】标题归纳——以 Passage 5 题 5 为例：原文写道“In Naples, Italy, an eleven-year-old boy lived with his mother”。该题要求为文章选择最贴切的标题，须统揽全文主旨，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨6】细节理解——以 Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文写道“International E-Waste Day takes place every year on October 14”。该题考查从原文直接提取信息，须将选项与原文句段逐一比对，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 D。 【点拨7】推理判断——以 Passage 7 题 2 为例：原文写道“Do you sometimes pay no attention to your mom while talking with frie…”。该题需在理解字面意思的基础上，结合上下文作出合理推断，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 C。 【点拨8】词义猜测——以 Passage 8 题 3 为例：原文写道“Scientists have made a new breakthrough to help people with serious e…”。该题要求根据语境或构词法推断生词或短语的含义，结合原文对应句段可确定答案为 A。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“先入为主”：用常识代替原文，忽略文章明示信息。 • 忌“偷换概念”：选项看似原文词，实则改了范围或对象。 • 忌“过度推断”：选出原文未支持的结论。 • 忌“主旨偏差”：细节题当主旨题，或反之。 Passage 1 Li brocade (黎锦) is a famous traditional art of the Li people in Hainan. In December 2024, it was moved to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录). Chen Mengli is a young inheritor (传承人). When she was a child, she wore Li brocade and sang Li songs during festivals. Later, she studied textile (纺织) design at college. In 2014, she finished college and became a student of Liu Xianglan, a national-level inheritor. Chen then had a new idea. She put Li brocade elements into modern products and started a company. Today her company has made over 100 kinds of creative products, and it has helped more than 300 local workers make a living. Now Li brocade is also taught in over 100 schools in Hainan. More and more young people are learning the old art. “We want to let Li brocade walk out of the mountains and into daily life,” Chen says. （人民日报报道《技艺传承有活力》） a. She studied textile design at college.  b. She became a student of Liu Xianglan. c. She put Li brocade into modern products.  d. She wore Li brocade at festivals as a child. 1．When was Li brocade moved to UNESCO’s Representative List? A．In 2009. B．In 2014. C．In 2024. D．In 2025. 2．How many kinds of creative products has Chen’s company made? A．Over 100. B．Over 500. C．Over 5,000. D．Over 20,000. 3．Which is the right order of Chen Mengli’s experiences? A．b→d→a→c B．a→d→b→c C．d→b→a→c D．d→a→b→c 4．Why does Chen want to develop Li brocade? A．To get rich quickly. B．To keep the old art alive. C．To run a big college. D．To live in the mountains. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Old arts will soon disappear. B．Only old people like Li brocade. C．Young people keep traditions alive. D．Li brocade sells only in Hainan. 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍黎锦于2024年转入联合国人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，以及年轻传承人陈孟丽学习、创新并推广黎锦技艺的故事。 【详解】1．第一段明确指出：“In December 2024, it was moved to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity”，说明黎锦在2024年转入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。 2．第三段明确指出：“Today her company has made over 100 kinds of creative products”，说明陈孟丽的公司制作了超过100种创意产品。 3．第二段明确指出：“When she was a child, she wore Li brocade and sang Li songs during festivals (d)”；”Later, she studied textile design at college (a)”；“In 2014, she finished college and became a student of Liu Xianglan, a national-level inheritor (b)”及第三段“She put Li brocade elements into modern products and started a company (c)”，说明经历的时间顺序为童年、大学求学、2014年拜师、创办公司，对应选项d→a→b→c。 4．第四段明确指出：“We want to let Li brocade walk out of the mountains and into daily life”及全文关于传承黎锦的描述，说明她希望传统艺术融入生活，延续活力。 5．第二段指出“Young inheritor”及第四段“More and more young people are learning the old art”，体现了年轻人正在努力让传统技艺保持生命力。 Passage 2 Parents and teachers often find the teenage years challenging. Scientists now have a clearer explanation for this: the way teens act is closely linked to their brain development. Although our brains reach nearly adult size by age six, they are not fully developed. In fact, the brain continues to change until around age 25. During the teenage years, it goes through significant changes, much like a computer system being upgraded. This process helps us better control our impulses (冲动) and understand rules. However, because the teenage brain is still a “work in progress,” it sometimes leads to impulsive behaviors. Research shows that teenagers are more likely to take risks. One key reason is that their brains respond to rewards more strongly. When thinking about potential rewards, a teen’s brain produces more pleasure-creating chemicals than an adult brain does. This makes rewards seem more valuable than risks and makes new experiences feel more exciting. The teen brain also finds social connections particularly rewarding. Teens feel a strong need to meet new people and build friendships. Scientists suggest this helps them get used to future social situations and contributes to life success. While this strong wish for rewards can sometimes lead to poor choices, it also encourages teens to try new things and become independent. In the end, these brain changes help prepare teenagers to step out on their own. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the teenage brain? A．By telling a personal story about a teenager. B．By showing the results of scientific research. C．By using a famous saying from a brain scientist. D．By asking questions to the readers. 2．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following title is the most suitable description for the chart? A．Brain size comparison B．Ability to control behavior C．Pleasure chemical production D．Time spent on social activities 3．Why are teenagers more likely to take risks according to the passage? A．They have a better understanding of rules. B．They produce chemicals that make them feel good. C．They care less about the possible results of their actions. D．They receive more encouragement from their friends. 4．According to Paragraph 4, why do scientists believe the teen brain encourages social behavior? A．Because teenagers are too young to stay alone. B．Because it makes teenagers forget about taking risks. C．Because it is a way to prepare them for future adult life. D．Because it helps teenagers to control their impulses better. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To warn parents about the dangers of teen risks. B．To encourage teenagers to be more independent. C．To compare the brains of teenagers and adults. D．To explain the influence of the growing teen brain. 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述青少年时期大脑的发育特点，解释青少年行为与大脑发育之间的关联，分析青少年爱冒险、重视社交的大脑层面原因。 【详解】1．第一段指出：“Scientists now have a clearer explanation for this: the way teens act is closely linked to their brain development”，表明作者先提出家长和老师觉得青少年阶段很难应对，接着借助科学研究结果引出青少年大脑这一话题。 2．第三段指出：“When thinking about potential rewards, a teen’s brain produces more pleasure-creating chemicals than an adult brain does”，本段对比青少年和成年人大脑产生愉悦化学物质的量，图表中青少年数值高于成年人，因此图表主题为愉悦化学物质的生成量。 3．第三段指出：“One key reason is that their brains respond to rewards more strongly. When thinking about potential rewards, a teen’s brain produces more pleasure-creating chemicals than an adult brain does”，表明青少年更爱冒险，是因为大脑会产生带来愉悦感的化学物质，回报对他们吸引力更强。 4．第四段指出：“Scientists suggest this helps them get used to future social situations and contributes to life success”，表明科学家认为青少年大脑催生社交行为，目的是帮助他们适应未来社交场景，为成年生活做准备。 5．通读全文，文章介绍青少年大脑发育过程，讲解大脑发育如何影响青少年爱冒险、喜爱社交等行为，解释正在发育的青少年大脑带来的各类影响。“To explain the influence of the growing teen brain.”符合作者写作目的。 Passage 3 Last November, China’s space station welcomed some special “astronauts” — four black mice. They stayed on the space station for two weeks before returning to the Earth. This marked the first time China had sent mice to our space station. ▲ That’s because they have several advantages. First, they share a high genetic (基因的) similarity with humans. Besides, they are small and have a short reproductive (繁殖) period. These traits (特点) make mice perfect for studying how living things grow and develop in space. These tiny “astronauts” passed many tests to get their “tickets to space”. Much like human astronauts, they were chosen from a pool of 300 mice based on their physical fitness and ability to stand up to the zero-gravity environment. In a test, scientists hung them upside down to see how they behaved. Only those who fought back and stayed active could pass. They also did maze (迷宫) tests. The mice had to find food in a maze, which showed how well they could remember things and find their way in weightless conditions. After 60 days of testing, only 48 made it to the list. Finally, four mice that performed the best in all the tests got the chance to go to space. After the mice returned to the Earth, scientists studied their health conditions and behaviour. This research is very important for finding out whether humans can live in space in the long term. The findings could also help with human health. Overall, this is a big step forward in China’s space science research. 1．What do we know about the mice from the first paragraph? A．Their size. B．Their number. C．Their weight. D．Their skill. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in“▲”? A．What did the mice do in space? B．How did scientists train the mice? C．What challenges did the mice face? D．Why were mice chosen for research? 3．Why did scientists give the mice maze tests? A．To train them to find food quickly. B．To see if they could stay active in space. C．To check their memory and direction-finding ability. D．To test their ability to live in a zero-gravity environment. 4．Why does the writer mention some numbers in the third paragraph? A．To show the choice was strict. B．To explain the tests were easy. C．To describe the test process. D．To prove mice were the best astronauts. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．China’s space station journey B．China’s first “mouse astronauts” C．Animals in space exploration D．The life of mice in space 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国空间站首次迎来四只小鼠“宇航员”，阐述了选择小鼠进行研究的原因、严格的选拔过程以及这项研究对人类太空生存的重要意义。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Last November, China's space station welcomed some special ‘astronauts’— four black mice. ”可知，本段交代了小鼠的数量是四只。 2．推理判断题。第二段横线后文“That’s because they have several advantages.”以及后面内容，都在解释小鼠适合太空研究的优势，是回答原因。因此空白处应是一个询问原因的问句，即为什么选择小鼠进行研究。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段第六句“The mice had to find food in a maze, which showed how well they could remember things and find their way in weightless conditions.”可知，迷宫测试是为了检查它们的记忆力和在失重条件下的寻路能力。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第三段，原文提到300只小鼠参与选拔，经过层层测试只剩48只，最终4只入选。从300到4，数字对比，体现这次筛选十分严格。 5．最佳标题题。根据第一段最后一句“This marked the first time China had sent mice to our space station.”及全文内容可知，文章核心围绕中国首次送小鼠进入空间站这一事件展开。 Passage 4 Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6, 2025. But his great achievements and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep lighting up China’s way forward. Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of China.Then he studied hard and decided to make the country strong with his knowledge. In the 1950s, China started to develop nuclear submarines (核潜艇), but it was a very difficult task. Huang wasn’t afraid and stepped forward bravely. At that time, there wasn’t much advanced technology or many resources. The task was almost impossible. However, Huang and his team took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they stopped keeping in touch with the outside world-even with their families. During the design process, Huang and his team met lots of problems. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, so they could only depend on their own research. They used simple tools like abacuses to calculate and do experiments with great effort. Another problem was to make sure the submarine was stable (稳定的) under the water. After many tests, they slowly solved all the problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. It made China one of the few countries that had this ability. But Huang didn’t stop after this big success. He went on to help with the development of China’s submarine technology. His hard work and devotion (奉献) won him many honors, including the Medal of the Republic in 2019. 1．What do we know about Huang Xuhua? A．He was born in the 1950s. B．He didn’t do well at school. C．He was the greatest scientist in China. D．He will be remembered by Chinese people. 2．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraphs 3-4? A．Many foreign countries owned nuclear submarines at that time. B．Huang’s success was largely because of his family’s support. C．Huang and his team achieved a lot through their hard work. D．Some submarine technology was used in China in the 1950s. 3．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The effect of China’s first nuclear submarine. B．The development of China’s nuclear submarines. C．Huang Xuhua’s main achievements in his lifetime. D．Huang Xuhua’ s hopes for the development of China’ s submarine technology. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Huang Xuhua? A．Intelligent and considerate. B．Creative and hard-working. C．Artistic and responsible. D．Brave and pleasant. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce a great Chinese scientist Huang Xuhua to us. B．To encourage us to learn from Huang Xuhua. C．To call on more people to work for China. D．To show it’s not easy to be a scientist. 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国伟大科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他立志报国、带领团队在艰苦条件下研制核潜艇的过程及其获得的荣誉，展现了他无私奉献的爱国精神。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“"But his great achievements and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep lighting up China’s way forward.”可推知，他的成就和精神将留在人们心中，意味着他会被中国人民铭记。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“They used simple tools like abacuses to calculate and do experiments with great effort. After many tests, they slowly solved all the problems.”可推知，团队依靠努力和简单工具解决了难题，说明他们通过努力工作取得了巨大成就。 3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully... His hard work and devotion won him many honors...”可推知，本段主要讲述了黄旭华在核潜艇建造及后续发展中的主要成就和获得的荣誉。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Huang wasn’t afraid and stepped forward bravely.”和第四段“used simple tools like abacuses... great effort”以及第五段“His hard work and devotion”可推知，他勇敢面对挑战，用算盘等工具创新计算，且工作努力奉献，符合创造性且勤奋的特征。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6, 2025.”及全文内容可推知，文章主要讲述了黄旭华的生平、研制核潜艇的经历及成就，旨在向读者介绍这位伟大的中国科学家。 Passage 5 In Naples, Italy, an eleven-year-old boy lived with his mother. They were very poor. Both of them had to work to make enough money to buy their daily needs. The boy worked in a factory. He loved singing. He spent all his free time learning to read musical notes, practising on an old piano and singing songs. One day, the boy asked a music teacher to teach him. However, after listening to him sing, the teacher said, “You are hopeless. Your voice isn’t good at all. You can never become a great singer.” The words were a great blow to the boy. Soon he began to wander (闲逛) through the streets of Naples with his friends. It broke his mother’s heart, but she still believed in her son. One evening, after dinner, the mother said, “I love the way you sing. Why don’t we sing our favourite songs?” She then took the boy to the piano, and the boy began to play their favourite songs. Soon the house was filled with the sound of the mother and son singing. Then the mother said, “Why don’t you start music lessons? I know a great music teacher who will train you to become an expert. I’m sure you will become a great singer someday.” Hearing his mother’s encouraging words, the boy started to practise singing again. The mother worked harder to pay for her son’s music lessons. Thanks to the mother, the boy finally became one of the best singers of all time. His name was Enrico Caruso. 1．What do we know about the boy? A．He took an interest in music. B．He came from a musical family. C．He learnt to sing from his mother. D．He and his mother both worked in a factory. 2．What does the third paragraph want to show us? A．The music teacher was the most famous singer in Naples. B．The music teacher was strict with every student. C．The boy’s musical journey wasn’t easy. D．The boy was confident enough. 3．Why did the mother invite her son to sing songs together? A．To make him relaxed. B．To help him with his music lessons. C．To teach him how to play the piano. D．To encourage him to practise singing again. 4．Which of the following words can best describe the mother? A．Friendly. B．Supportive. C．Brave. D．Serious. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．A hard-working mother. B．How to practise singing. C．A story of Enrico Caruso. D．How to be a famous singer. 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名歌唱家恩里科·卡鲁索小时候家境贫寒，虽遭老师否定但在母亲鼓励下坚持练习，最终成为伟大歌唱家的故事。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He loved singing. He spent all his free time learning to read musical notes, practising on an old piano and singing songs.”可知男孩对音乐非常感兴趣。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“You can never become a great singer.”及“Soon he began to wander through the streets...”可推知男孩在追求音乐梦想的过程中遇到了挫折，音乐之路并不顺利。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Hearing his mother’s encouraging words, the boy started to practise singing again.”可推知母亲邀请儿子一起唱歌是为了鼓励他重新练习唱歌。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“she still believed in her son.”及第五段“The mother worked harder to pay for her son’s music lessons.”可推知母亲始终相信并支持儿子。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“His name was Enrico Caruso.”及全文内容可推知文章主要讲述了恩里科·卡鲁索的成长故事。 Passage 6 International E-Waste Day takes place every year on October 14. It aims to highlight the problems of electronic waste. In 2023, it focused on “invisible” e-waste—— things most people don’t think of as electronics. Electronic waste, or e-waste, is the name given to old electronic devices that get thrown away. These can include old computers, phones, TVs, as well as all kinds of other electronic devices. E-waste is a big problem. While electronics can make life easier and more entertainment, the devices aren’t easy on the environment. As newer and more advanced devices come out, lots of electronics are thrown away, instead of being recycled. These things often end up in landfills, where the chemicals inside them may be a danger to the environment. Electronics can have dangerous materials like lead(铅) or mercury(水银). If these materials get into the ground or water, the pollution can cause serious problems. A group known as WEEE asked researchers from the United Nations to study a kind of e-waste that’s often not noticed. The WEEE calls this type“invisible” e-waste. The UN study shows that of all the 61 million tons of e-waste in a year, about 1/6 is“invisible”, and that the value of this unseen waste is worth about $9.5 billion a year. The surprising type leading the invisible e-waste group is toys. Worldwide, about 7.3 billion electronic toys are thrown away each year. These include toys like car racing sets, electric trains,musical toys and drones. In all, toys make up about 35% of invisible e-waste. But the problem is far larger than just toys. The UN report shows that other everyday things like home alarms, smoke alarms, power tools and computer cables are also big sources of invisible e-waste. The report says that 36% of the world’s invisible e-waste comes from these types. Nowadays, more and more people—— and governments—— know about the harm of e-waste, and they will make a greater effort to make sure electronics get reused or recycled. 1．Why is e-waste a big problem? A．Because it’s difficult to collect it. B．Because it costs people too much money. C．Because it takes up too much space. D．Because it pollutes the environment. 2．What does the underlined word“landfills” mean? A．Junk yards. B．Playgrounds. C．Public places. D．Gardens. 3．How many tons of invisible e-waste are there in a year? A．About 4 million tons. B．About 6 million tons. C．About 8 million tons. D．About 10 million tons. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Few people will pay attention to invisible e-waste. B．More landfills will be built to take in invisible e-waste. C．More invisible e-waste will be thrown away everywhere. D．More actions will be taken to reduce the harm of e-waste. 5．The purpose of the passage is to . A．tell the purpose of International E-Waste Day B．call on people to use fewer electronics C．draw attention to invisible e-waste D．explain the meaning of invisible e-waste 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍国际电子废弃物日，重点介绍“隐形”电子垃圾及其危害，呼吁重视该问题。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“where the chemicals inside them may be a danger to the environment...the pollution can cause serious problems”，可以推出电子垃圾会污染环境，应选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据原文第三段，电子垃圾被丢弃之后进入landfills，里面的化学物质会危害环境，可以推出landfills是垃圾场，应选A。 3．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“The UN study shows that of all the 61 million tons of e-waste in a year, about 1/6 is ‘invisible’”，6100万吨的六分之一大约是1000万吨，结合选项，约1000万吨最贴合，应选D。 4．推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“they will make a greater effort to make sure electronics get reused or recycled”，可以推出人们会采取更多行动减少电子垃圾的危害，应选D。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕“invisible” e-waste展开，介绍隐形电子垃圾的种类、数量与危害，目的是引起人们对隐形电子垃圾的关注，应选C。 Passage 7 Do you sometimes pay no attention to your mom while talking with friends? If you’re a teen, that’s quite common. And new research may explain why so many teens tune out (无视) their moms’ voice. Young kids’ brains are very attuned to their mothers’ voices, science has shown. But as kids enter their teenage years, everything changes. Teenagers listen to strangers’ voices more than their own mom’s, a new study has found. “Teens have this whole other class of sounds and voices that they need to listen to,” explained Daniel Abrams from Stanford University School of Medicine in California. He and his team shared their findings this April in Journal of Neuroscience. The researchers studied what happened in the brains of 7-to 16-year-olds as they listened to three words said by their mothers or by strange women. The words had no meaning and were impossible to understand. They were teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt. Using them allowed the scientists to study voices on their own, not what they were saying. According to the study, as the kids listened, certain areas of their brains became active. For teens, these brain areas responded (作出反应) more to strange voices than to their moms’. However, it’s not that teenagers purposely (故意地) tune out their mothers’ voices but that their brains become more open to other voices as they grow up. “Just as a baby knows to tune in to his mother’s voice, a teen knows to tune in to new voices,” said Abrams. “As a teen, you don’t know you’re doing this. You’re just being you.” Here’s why. As kids grow up, they become independent and expand (扩大) their social connections outside their family. As a result, their brains begin paying more attention to that wider world. “Both teens and their parents may sometimes feel upset by missed messages. That’s okay,” Abrams said. “This is the way the brain is connected, and there’s a good reason for it.” 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By raising a question. C．By comparing two facts. D．By imagining a situation. 2．What can we learn about the new study from Paragraph 2? A．It was done by a team from a hospital. B．It helped know more about the brain. C．It appeared in a magazine. D．It built on a 2021 study. 3．What does the writer explain to us in Paragraph 3? A．Why the researchers chose kids between 7 and 16 years old. B．Why young kids are tuned in to their mothers’ voices. C．Why everything changes as kids become teenagers. D．Why the researchers used three special words. 4．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The results of the study. B．The process of the study. C．The subjects of the study. D．The meaning of the study. 5．Which of the following would Daniel Abrams most probably agree with? A．Teenagers don’t want to listen to their moms. B．Teenagers depend on strangers more. C．It’s a good thing that kids are interested in all voices. D．It’s a good thing that kids become more independent. 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文说明青少年大脑会更关注陌生人的声音，这是其独立、拓展社交的正常生理表现，并非故意无视母亲。 【详解】1．第一段“Do you sometimes pay no attention to your mom while talking with friends? ”表明，作者以提出问题的方式开篇。 2．第二段“He and his team shared their findings this April in Journal of Neuroscience.”表明，此研究成果发表在《神经科学杂志》这一刊物上。 3．第三段表明研究人员使用这三个特殊词汇的原因：“Using them allowed the scientists to study voices on their own, not what they were saying.”，说明使用这些词汇是为了单独研究声音本身，排除内容语义的干扰。 4．第四段表明研究结果：“According to the study, as the kids listened...but that their brains become more open to other voices as they grow up”，青少年大脑对陌生声音反应更强，同时说明这不是刻意忽略妈妈，是大脑自然变化，整段在介绍研究结果。 5．最后一段表明Abrams的观点：“ As kids grow up, they become independent and expand (扩大) their social connections outside their family...‘That’s okay’...‘and there’s a good reason for it.’ ”，青少年在成长过程中走向独立、拓展家庭外的社交联系是大脑发育的合理机制，可推知他会认同孩子变得更加独立是一件好事。 Passage 8 Scientists have made a new breakthrough to help people with serious eyesight problems see again. They have created small electronic chips, only 2 mm wide, which are put inside the eye. However, these chips cannot work alone—they must be used together with special glasses. The technology was recently tested on 38 patients who have a serious eye disease. This disease mostly affects old people and damages the central part of their sight, making activities like reading and recognizing faces very difficult. In the United States, about 20 million people have this disease. Sadly, there is no good treatment for it at present. The disease destroys the light-sensitive cells (感光细胞) at the back of the eye. Normally, these cells change light into electrical signals (电信号), which then go to the brain and tell it what the eyes are seeing. When these cells are damaged or dead, the brain receives no information, and people cannot see properly. The tests were carried out at 17 hospitals in Europe. The tiny chips are designed to take the place of the job of the damaged cells. When a patient wearing the special glasses looks at something, a small camera in the glasses takes a picture. The picture is then sent to a small black box, which makes it clearer and sends it back to the glasses. The glasses then send signals to the chip inside the eye. Patients need to spend time practising to help their brains understand the new pictures. Although the pictures are only in black and white, the chip has brought light back into their dark world. Sheila Irvine, a 70-year-old woman who took part in the test, shared her story. After spending many hours learning to use the new system, she can now read books again. “It is amazing,” she said with a big smile. This technology is still in its early stages, but it offers great hope for millions of people with eyesight problems. ① The black box makes the picture clearer.        ② The glasses send signals to the chip inside the eye. ③ The camera in the glasses takes a picture.        ④ The chip helps the brain understand the pictures. 1．The eye illness ________. A．mainly affects young people B．harms the front part of the eye C．cannot be effectively treated yet D．can be stopped by eating healthy food 2．What is the correct order of how the chip system works? A．③→②→①→④ B．③→①→②→④ C．②→③→①→④ D．①→③→②→④ 3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．How the chip system works to help patients see. B．Why the tests were done at 17 hospitals in Europe. C．What patients think about the black and white pictures. D．How patients practise using the new chip system. 4．What can we infer from Sheila Irvine’s words in Paragraph 5? A．She thinks the training process is surprisingly easy. B．She believes the technology is already perfect for everyone. C．She feels excited about getting her ability to read back. D．She is thankful that the pictures are finally in color. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Eye Problems Among Elderly People B．How the Human Eye Works C．New Chips Help People See Again D．Scientists Test Glasses in Europe 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍科学家研发的微型电子芯片技术，搭配特制眼镜，帮助患有严重眼疾的患者重获视力，讲解这套系统的工作原理、临床试验与发展前景。 【详解】1．原文第二段提到“Sadly, there is no good treatment for it at present.”，说明这种眼部疾病目前还没有有效的治疗方法，因此选C。 2．原文第四段介绍工作流程：③The camera in the glasses takes a picture（眼镜里的摄像头拍照）→①The black box makes the picture clearer（黑盒让图像更清晰）→②The glasses send signals to the chip inside the eye（眼镜向眼内芯片发送信号）→④The chip helps the brain understand the pictures（芯片帮助大脑识别图像），顺序是③→①→②→④，因此选B。 3．原文第四段详细描述这套芯片系统是如何运作，帮助患者看见东西的，因此选A。 4．原文第五段Sheila Irvine在测试后可以重新读书，“It is amazing,” she said with a big smile.，能看出她为重新获得阅读能力感到十分激动，因此选C。 5．全文围绕新型电子芯片展开，介绍它帮助眼疾患者重见光明，New Chips Help People See Again贴合文章主旨，因此选C。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $