Unit 4 课时1 Section A 1a-1d（大单元分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级下册

Unit 4 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 ___________ /ˌriːˈjuːz/ v. 再次使用；重复使用 ___________ /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收利用 ___________ /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染；污染物 ___________ /pəˈluːt/ v. 污染；弄脏 ___________ /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学制品；化学品 adj. 化学的 ___________ /smɒɡ/ n. 烟雾 ___________ /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的；全世界的 ___________ ___________ 全球（气候）变暖 句型 1. Sometimes it's ___________ smoggy ___________ I can hardly see across the street! 有时候烟雾很重，我几乎看不到街对面！ 2. Experts say ___________ waste gases from factories and power plants are the main cause. 专家说工厂和发电厂排放的废气是主要原因。 3. ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ we can do about it? 你认为我们对此能做些什么？ ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ___________ v. 再次使用；重复使用 2. ___________ v. 回收利用 3. ___________ n. 污染；污染物 4. ___________ n. 化学制品；化学品 adj. 化学的 5. ___________ n. 烟雾 6. ___________ adj. 全球的；全世界的 7. ___________ v. 污染；弄脏 二、词组默写 1. 空气污染 _______________________ 2. 土地污染 _______________________ 3. 水污染 _______________________ 4. 全球变暖 _______________________ 5. 废气 _______________________ 6. 发电厂 _______________________ 7. 有害的化学物质 _______________________ 8. 垃圾处理中心 _______________________ 3、 根据要求完成句子 1. Sometimes it's ______ smoggy ______ I can hardly see across the street. 有时候烟雾很重，我几乎看不到街对面！ 2. Experts say ______ waste gases from factories and power plants are the main cause. 专家说工厂和发电厂排放的废气是主要原因。 3. Air pollution is really bad ______ our health. 空气污染对我们的健康也非常有害。 4. It also ______ plants and animals and makes global warming even ______. 它还危害动植物，并使全球变暖更加严重。 5. What do you think ______ ______ ______ about it? 你认为我们对此能做些什么？ 四、单项选择 1. The smog was ______ thick ______ we could hardly see the buildings across the street. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that 2. — What do you think we can do ______ air pollution? — We can ride bikes to school instead of going by car. A. about B. at C. of D. in 3. The harmful chemicals from farming get into the food we eat and make people ______. A. sick B. sickness C. to sick D. sicking 4. Experts say that waste gases from factories and power plants are the main ______ of air pollution. A. cause B. excuse C. result D. effect 5. There are many kinds of pollution, ______ air pollution, land pollution and water pollution. A. such as B. so that C. because of D. instead of 五、方框选词填空 ( reuse recycle smog chemical pollute global ) 1. There is heavy ________ in the city today, so we can hardly see the buildings far away. 2. We should ________ old bottles and boxes instead of throwing them away. 3. Please sort the waste, and then it can be ________ more easily. 4. Factories must not pour ________ waste into rivers or bury it underground. 5. ________ warming is becoming a serious problem all over the world. 6. Dirty water from the factory will ________ the river and harm the fish. 六、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Last week, our class visited a waste disposal centre and learned a lot 1.________ how to deal with waste. Every day, much waste from homes and factories 2.________ (get) buried underground. The harmful 3.________ (chemical) in the waste pollute the soil and the water. They also get into the food we eat and the water we drink, and this makes people 4.________ (sick). Air pollution is another big problem. Waste 5.________ (gas) from factories and power plants are the main cause. Sometimes it is 6.________ smoggy that we can 7.________ see across the street. It is bad 8.________ our health and makes global warming even 9.________ (bad). We must take action now. Let's try to reuse and recycle things, 10.________ the earth is our only home. 七、单词拼写 1. We should r________ (再次使用) paper bags instead of throwing them away. 2. It's a good habit to r________ (回收利用) waste paper, bottles and old clothes. 3. Air p________ (污染) is really bad for our health. 4. There was heavy s________ (烟雾) in the city, so drivers could hardly see the road. 5. G________ (全球的) warming is making the earth hotter and hotter. 八、完形填空 Nowadays, environmental problems are serious. They have bad effects 1 our daily life. Air pollution, water pollution, and light pollution do 2 to both nature and human health. To protect the earth, we must take action immediately 3 it’s too late. First, governments and schools should 4 people to use public transportation instead of private cars. This will make the air much 5 than before. Also, we should give up using plastic bags and make use of reusable ones. Small changes in our 6 can lead us to live a greener and healthier life. 7 advice is that everyone should help with environmental protection. Planting more trees helps reduce CO₂, and saving water prevents shortages (短缺). Even a little effort, such as turning off lights when 8 a room, can make a big difference. Factories must follow 9 rules to avoid polluting rivers and the air. Moreover, renewable energy, like solar (太阳的) and wind power, should be 10 used. If we continue to hurt nature, future generations (后代) will suffer (遭受痛苦). Let’s work together to keep our planet safe. Remember, a healthier environment will lead us to have a happier future! 1．A．on B．in C．for D．to 2．A．good B．wish C．harm D．need 3．A．until B．if C．after D．before 4．A．encourage B．want C．warn D．remind 5．A．sweeter B．cleaner C．lighter D．less 6．A．habits B．thoughts C．opinions D．conditions 7．A．Its B．His C．My D．Your 8．A．entering B．leaving C．changing D．closing 9．A．useful B．necessary C．strict D．serious 10．A．widely B．slowly C．totally D．heavily 九、阅读理解 A E-waste Electronic waste (e-waste) comes from computers, cameras, phones, fridges, TVs and so on. How much e-waste has been produced? There is too much e-waste on the earth. In the past ten years, 650 Mt of e-waste has been produced. That is as heavy as about 65,000 Eiffel Towers. What can we do with e-waste? E-waste is bad for the environment. Repeat the three words in our life: reduce, reuse and recycle. Here are some examples. ◆Quadloop created solar lanterns with e-waste. ◆Junichi Kawanishi turned about 85,000 tons of e-waste into medals. ◆Mixed Reality Lab designed educational toys with e-waste for poor kids. ◆Alex Lin recycled about 150 tons of broken computers into ones that could be used again. 11．In 2022, how much e-waste was produced in the world? A．59.4 Mt. B．53.6 Mt. C．48.2 Mt. D．39.8 Mt. 12．What is the relationship between global e-waste production and the time (2015-2025) according to the text? A． B． C． D． 13．What did Alex Lin do with e-waste? A．He made medals. B．He created lanterns. C．He designed toys. D．He recycled computers. 14．Tom has a broken computer. What are the correct ways to deal with it according to the passage? ①Store it in a big box.      ②Donate it to a recycling center. ③Use it to make a toy robot. ④Use it to create a small metal blackboard. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 15．Where is the text taken from? A．A magazine. B．A website. C．A poster. D．A newspaper. B Many cities around China are working to bring dirty rivers back to life. The Green River Project in Guangzhou is one successful example. 16 Fifty years ago, the river was clean and clear. Local people could swim in it and catch fish for food. However, with rapid industrial development, many factories were built along the banks. 17 Black water ran directly into the river, killing all the fish and plants. The smelly water made local residents stay far away, and the beautiful river became a dirty, noisy place. In 2018, the local environmental organisation started a full restoration project. Workers cleaned up tons of rubbish and litter from the river bottom. 18 They also built new walking paths and parks along the river for people to enjoy. 19 Today, clear water flows through the city again. Ducks and wild birds have come back to live on the river. Local people often go walking there on weekends, and many even bring their children to watch the fish. 20 It tells us that even seriously damaged ecosystems can be repaired if we take action in time. A．They closed factories that poured dirty water into the river directly. B．It shows how human activity can hurt a natural balance and how we can fix it. C．The project has faced several setbacks in the first few years of work. D．It took more than five years of hard work to complete the main project. E．The project aims to fix the damaged ecosystem of the city’s most polluted river. F．Factories burned coal to produce goods and poured untreated water into the river. 一、任务型阅读 （2025江苏镇江中考） 根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词, 每空一词。 Food waste is not just a problem at the dinner table, but a big problem all over the world. Serious losses of food, happen from farmers’ fields to customers’ fridges. What’s worse, pollution and natural disasters may cause food shortage. In developing countries, forty percent of food waste happens during harvesting and processing (加工). Because of this, farmers making little money are trapped in a cycle of poverty. They are also short of rapid transportation and refrigeration (冷藏), so a large number of crops may go bad before they reach the market. Few farmers can afford industrial-sized fridges to keep their products in good conditions. Food waste is also discovered in developed countries. More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying. Shockingly, this amount reaches near the yearly food production in some part of Africa. In many cases, the vegetables and fruit are thrown away because they look “ugly”, falling short of industry standards. Polluting and destroying environment do harm to producing food. A few countries are reducing natural areas for growing food crops and raising livestock (牲畜). Most surprisingly, in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, 800 million trees in the past six years have been cut down to make beef cattle farms. Also, fish farms still create a great deal of pollution as well as diseases. At present, it seems that food production doesn’t reduce, but it may influence all the living things on the earth in the future. Natural disasters like droughts and storms can destroy a whole year’s crop for an unlucky farmer. Climate change will make such events that were previously thought of as “once in a hundred years” happen more and more often. This means that we’ll need more resources to produce the same amount of food. Food waste is harmful to humans, as well as other life on the earth. It’s not only the problem on customers’ dinner table, but also an international problem that must be dealt with by the governments. Food problems •Food is lost 21 from fields to fridges. •Food shortage is caused by pollution and natural disasters. 22 of food waste in different countries *In developing countries•Some farmers are 23 all the time because of the food waste. •Crops may go bad because they can’t be transported 24 . •Products can’t be kept in good conditions because of the limited refrigeration. *In developed countries•In the process of selling and buying, 25 40% of food waste happens. The amount is almost the food production in some part of Africa in a year. •People throw the vegetables and fruit away 26 they look nice and meet standards. Bad 27 on producing food *Polluting and destroying environment•Some natural areas are 28 to grow food crops and raise livestock. •Pollution, as well as diseases, is created by fish farms. Conclusion Natural disasters•A whole year’s crop can be destroyed by natural disasters. •Natural disasters happen more often, not "once in a 29 "in the past. •More resources are needed to produce the same amount of food. Food waste is harmful to all of life on the earth. It’s a problem which should be solved by 30 customers and the governments. $Unit 4 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 reuse /ˌriːˈjuːz/ v. 再次使用；重复使用 recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收利用 pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染；污染物 pollute /pəˈluːt/ v. 污染；弄脏 chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学制品；化学品 adj. 化学的 smog /smɒɡ/ n. 烟雾 global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的；全世界的 global warming 全球（气候）变暖 句型 1. Sometimes it's so smoggy that I can hardly see across the street! 有时候烟雾很重，我几乎看不到街对面！ 2. Experts say that waste gases from factories and power plants are the main cause. 专家说工厂和发电厂排放的废气是主要原因。 3. What do you think we can do about it? 你认为我们对此能做些什么？ ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】reuse; recycle; pollution; chemical; smog; global; pollute 二、词组默写 【答案】air pollution; land pollution; water pollution; global warming; waste gases; power plants; harmful chemicals; waste disposal centre 3、 根据要求完成句子 【答案】1. so; that 2. that 3. for 4. harms; worse 5. we can do 四、单项选择 AAAAA 五、方框选词填空 【答案】 1. smog 2. reuse 3. recycled 4. chemical 5. Global 6. pollute 六、语法填空 【答案】 1. about 2. gets 3. chemicals 4. sick 5. gases 6. so 7. hardly 8. for 9. worse 10. because 七、单词拼写 【答案】 1. reuse 2. recycle 3. pollution 4. smog 5. Global 八、完形填空 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 九、阅读理解 A 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．D 14．D 15．B B 【答案】16．E 17．F 18．A 19．D 20．B 一、任务型阅读 （2025江苏镇江中考） 【答案】 21．seriously 22．Discoveries/Situations/Facts 23．poor 24．rapidly/quickly/fast 25．over 26．unless 27．influences 28．reduced 29．century 30．both $Unit 4 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 reuse /ˌriːˈjuːz/ v. 再次使用；重复使用 recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收利用 pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染；污染物 pollute /pəˈluːt/ v. 污染；弄脏 chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学制品；化学品 adj. 化学的 smog /smɒɡ/ n. 烟雾 global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的；全世界的 global warming 全球（气候）变暖 句型 1. Sometimes it's so smoggy that I can hardly see across the street! 有时候烟雾很重，我几乎看不到街对面！ 2. Experts say that waste gases from factories and power plants are the main cause. 专家说工厂和发电厂排放的废气是主要原因。 3. What do you think we can do about it? 你认为我们对此能做些什么？ ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ___________ v. 再次使用；重复使用 2. ___________ v. 回收利用 3. ___________ n. 污染；污染物 4. ___________ n. 化学制品；化学品 adj. 化学的 5. ___________ n. 烟雾 6. ___________ adj. 全球的；全世界的 7. ___________ v. 污染；弄脏 【答案】reuse; recycle; pollution; chemical; smog; global; pollute 二、词组默写 1. 空气污染 _______________________ 2. 土地污染 _______________________ 3. 水污染 _______________________ 4. 全球变暖 _______________________ 5. 废气 _______________________ 6. 发电厂 _______________________ 7. 有害的化学物质 _______________________ 8. 垃圾处理中心 _______________________ 【答案】air pollution; land pollution; water pollution; global warming; waste gases; power plants; harmful chemicals; waste disposal centre 3、 根据要求完成句子 1. Sometimes it's ______ smoggy ______ I can hardly see across the street. 有时候烟雾很重，我几乎看不到街对面！ 2. Experts say ______ waste gases from factories and power plants are the main cause. 专家说工厂和发电厂排放的废气是主要原因。 3. Air pollution is really bad ______ our health. 空气污染对我们的健康也非常有害。 4. It also ______ plants and animals and makes global warming even ______. 它还危害动植物，并使全球变暖更加严重。 5. What do you think ______ ______ ______ about it? 你认为我们对此能做些什么？ 【答案】1. so; that 2. that 3. for 4. harms; worse 5. we can do 四、单项选择 1. The smog was ______ thick ______ we could hardly see the buildings across the street. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that 【答案】A 【详解】so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句，表示"如此……以至于"，thick 为形容词，用 so 修饰。 2. — What do you think we can do ______ air pollution? — We can ride bikes to school instead of going by car. A. about B. at C. of D. in 【答案】A 【详解】固定搭配 do sth. about... "对……采取行动/做些什么"。 3. The harmful chemicals from farming get into the food we eat and make people ______. A. sick B. sickness C. to sick D. sicking 【答案】A 【详解】make sb. + 形容词，"使某人……"，make people sick 使人生病。 4. Experts say that waste gases from factories and power plants are the main ______ of air pollution. A. cause B. excuse C. result D. effect 【答案】A 【详解】the main cause of... "……的主要原因"，为本课听力原文中的核心表达。 5. There are many kinds of pollution, ______ air pollution, land pollution and water pollution. A. such as B. so that C. because of D. instead of 【答案】A 【详解】such as 用于列举同类事物中的几个例子；so that 表目的/结果；because of 因为；instead of 代替。 五、方框选词填空 ( reuse recycle smog chemical pollute global ) 1. There is heavy ________ in the city today, so we can hardly see the buildings far away. 2. We should ________ old bottles and boxes instead of throwing them away. 3. Please sort the waste, and then it can be ________ more easily. 4. Factories must not pour ________ waste into rivers or bury it underground. 5. ________ warming is becoming a serious problem all over the world. 6. Dirty water from the factory will ________ the river and harm the fish. 【答案】 1. smog 2. reuse 3. recycled 4. chemical 5. Global 6. pollute 【详解】 1. smog：不可数名词，heavy smog 浓烟雾。 2. reuse：should 后接动词原形，reuse old bottles 重复使用旧瓶子。 3. recycled：it 指代 waste，与 recycle 之间是被动关系，用 be recycled。 4. chemical：chemical waste 化学废料，名词作定语修饰 waste。 5. Global：global warming 全球变暖，固定词组，句首大写。 6. pollute：will 后接动词原形，pollute the river 污染河流。 六、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Last week, our class visited a waste disposal centre and learned a lot 1.________ how to deal with waste. Every day, much waste from homes and factories 2.________ (get) buried underground. The harmful 3.________ (chemical) in the waste pollute the soil and the water. They also get into the food we eat and the water we drink, and this makes people 4.________ (sick). Air pollution is another big problem. Waste 5.________ (gas) from factories and power plants are the main cause. Sometimes it is 6.________ smoggy that we can 7.________ see across the street. It is bad 8.________ our health and makes global warming even 9.________ (bad). We must take action now. Let's try to reuse and recycle things, 10.________ the earth is our only home. 【答案】 1. about 2. gets 3. chemicals 4. sick 5. gases 6. so 7. hardly 8. for 9. worse 10. because 【详解】 1. about：learn about 学习、了解……。 2. gets：主语 much waste 为不可数名词，一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数。 3. chemicals：harmful chemicals 有害化学物质，可数名词用复数。 4. sick：make sb. + 形容词，make people sick 使人生病。 5. gases：gas 的复数为 gases，waste gases 废气，谓语 are 亦提示复数。 6. so：so + 形容词 + that，"如此……以至于"。 7. hardly：几乎不，呼应课文原句 can hardly see across the street。 8. for：be bad for... 对……有害。 9. worse：even 修饰比较级，make global warming even worse 使全球变暖更严重。 10. because：前后为因果关系，"因为地球是我们唯一的家园"。 七、单词拼写 1. We should r________ (再次使用) paper bags instead of throwing them away. 2. It's a good habit to r________ (回收利用) waste paper, bottles and old clothes. 3. Air p________ (污染) is really bad for our health. 4. There was heavy s________ (烟雾) in the city, so drivers could hardly see the road. 5. G________ (全球的) warming is making the earth hotter and hotter. 【答案】 1. reuse 2. recycle 3. pollution 4. smog 5. Global 【详解】 1. reuse：should 后接动词原形，"再次使用"。 2. recycle：to 后接动词原形，"回收利用"。 3. pollution：air pollution 空气污染，名词。 4. smog：heavy smog 浓烟雾，不可数名词。 5. Global：global warming 全球变暖，位于句首首字母大写。 八、完形填空 Nowadays, environmental problems are serious. They have bad effects 1 our daily life. Air pollution, water pollution, and light pollution do 2 to both nature and human health. To protect the earth, we must take action immediately 3 it’s too late. First, governments and schools should 4 people to use public transportation instead of private cars. This will make the air much 5 than before. Also, we should give up using plastic bags and make use of reusable ones. Small changes in our 6 can lead us to live a greener and healthier life. 7 advice is that everyone should help with environmental protection. Planting more trees helps reduce CO₂, and saving water prevents shortages (短缺). Even a little effort, such as turning off lights when 8 a room, can make a big difference. Factories must follow 9 rules to avoid polluting rivers and the air. Moreover, renewable energy, like solar (太阳的) and wind power, should be 10 used. If we continue to hurt nature, future generations (后代) will suffer (遭受痛苦). Let’s work together to keep our planet safe. Remember, a healthier environment will lead us to have a happier future! 1．A．on B．in C．for D．to 2．A．good B．wish C．harm D．need 3．A．until B．if C．after D．before 4．A．encourage B．want C．warn D．remind 5．A．sweeter B．cleaner C．lighter D．less 6．A．habits B．thoughts C．opinions D．conditions 7．A．Its B．His C．My D．Your 8．A．entering B．leaving C．changing D．closing 9．A．useful B．necessary C．strict D．serious 10．A．widely B．slowly C．totally D．heavily 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了环境问题的严重性，提出政府、学校及个人应采取的保护措施，呼吁共同努力保护地球，共创未来。 【详解】1．句意：它们对我们的日常生活有不良影响。 have effects on“对……有影响”为固定搭配。in“在……里面”，for“为了”，to“到”，介词搭配不当。 2．句意：空气污染、水污染和光污染对自然和人类健康都有危害。 根据“Air pollution, water pollution, and light pollution”可知，环境污染对自然和人类健康有危害，harm“伤害”符合语境。good“好处”，wish“愿望”，need“需要”，语意不符。 3．句意：为了保护地球，我们必须立即行动，以免为时已晚。 根据逻辑，应在太晚之前行动，可知选before“在……之前”。until“直到”，if“如果”，after“在……之后”，逻辑不通。 4．句意：首先，政府和学校应该鼓励人们使用公共交通工具而不是私家车。 根据倡导环保行为语境，可知选encourage“鼓励”。want“想要”，warn“警告”，remind“提醒”，语气或语意不当。 5．句意：这将使空气比以前更清洁。 根据减少私家车排放语境，可知选cleaner“更清洁的”。sweeter“更甜的”，lighter“更轻的”，less“更少的”，形容空气不当。 6．句意：我们习惯的微小改变可以让我们过上更绿色、更健康的生活。 根据“using plastic bags and make use of reusable ones.”可知，不用塑料袋等行为属于习惯，habits“习惯”符合语境。thoughts“思想”，opinions“观点”，conditions“条件”，不符合语境。 7．句意：我的建议是每个人都应帮助环保。 根据作者提出建议语境，应选My“我的”。Its“它的”，His“他的”，Your“你的”，人称不符。 8．句意：即使是一点点的努力，比如离开房间时关灯，也会产生很大的影响。 根据“turning off lights when...a room,”及节能常识可知，离开房间时关灯，leaving“离开”符合语境。entering“进入”，changing“改变”，closing“关闭”，动作不符。 9．句意：工厂必须遵守严格的规定，以避免污染河流和空气。 根据“avoid polluting rivers and the air.”可知，避免污染需严格监管，strict“严格的”符合语境。useful“有用的”，necessary“必要的”，serious“严重的”，不符合语境。 10．句意：此外，太阳能和风能等可再生能源应得到广泛应用。 根据“renewable energy, like solar (太阳的) and wind power,”可知，新能源应该被广泛应用，这样有助于环保，widely“广泛地”符合语境。slowly“缓慢地”，totally“完全地”，heavily“沉重地”，语意不符。 九、阅读理解 A E-waste Electronic waste (e-waste) comes from computers, cameras, phones, fridges, TVs and so on. How much e-waste has been produced? There is too much e-waste on the earth. In the past ten years, 650 Mt of e-waste has been produced. That is as heavy as about 65,000 Eiffel Towers. What can we do with e-waste? E-waste is bad for the environment. Repeat the three words in our life: reduce, reuse and recycle. Here are some examples. ◆Quadloop created solar lanterns with e-waste. ◆Junichi Kawanishi turned about 85,000 tons of e-waste into medals. ◆Mixed Reality Lab designed educational toys with e-waste for poor kids. ◆Alex Lin recycled about 150 tons of broken computers into ones that could be used again. 11．In 2022, how much e-waste was produced in the world? A．59.4 Mt. B．53.6 Mt. C．48.2 Mt. D．39.8 Mt. 12．What is the relationship between global e-waste production and the time (2015-2025) according to the text? A． B． C． D． 13．What did Alex Lin do with e-waste? A．He made medals. B．He created lanterns. C．He designed toys. D．He recycled computers. 14．Tom has a broken computer. What are the correct ways to deal with it according to the passage? ①Store it in a big box.      ②Donate it to a recycling center. ③Use it to make a toy robot. ④Use it to create a small metal blackboard. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 15．Where is the text taken from? A．A magazine. B．A website. C．A poster. D．A newspaper. 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．D 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是说明文，围绕电子垃圾展开，介绍了电子垃圾的定义与来源、2015-2025年全球电子垃圾产量的增长趋势，以及处理电子垃圾的“减少、再利用、回收”三原则和相关实践案例。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据文章“How much e-waste has been produced?”部分的“Global E-waste Production(2015-2025)”柱状图，2022年对应的电子垃圾产量数值为59.4 Mt。 12．推理判断题。根据文章“How much e-waste has been produced?”部分的“Global E-waste Production(2015-2025)”柱状图数据，2015到2025年全球电子垃圾产量随时间推移逐年上升，可推知二者呈正相关，对应呈上升趋势的直线图像。 13．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Alex Lin recycled about 150 tons of broken computers into ones that could be used again.”，可知Alex Lin的做法是回收利用坏电脑。 14．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Repeat the three words in our life: reduce, reuse and recycle.”，处理电子垃圾需遵循减少、再利用、回收的原则。将坏电脑捐赠给回收中心属于回收利用，改造成玩具机器人、小金属黑板属于再利用，均符合正确处理原则；存放起来不属于合理处理方式，因此②③④是正确做法。 15．推理判断题。根据文章开头图片中的“Menu”“Sign in”以及搜索框等典型的网页界面元素，可推知本文来自一个网站。 B Many cities around China are working to bring dirty rivers back to life. The Green River Project in Guangzhou is one successful example. 16 Fifty years ago, the river was clean and clear. Local people could swim in it and catch fish for food. However, with rapid industrial development, many factories were built along the banks. 17 Black water ran directly into the river, killing all the fish and plants. The smelly water made local residents stay far away, and the beautiful river became a dirty, noisy place. In 2018, the local environmental organisation started a full restoration project. Workers cleaned up tons of rubbish and litter from the river bottom. 18 They also built new walking paths and parks along the river for people to enjoy. 19 Today, clear water flows through the city again. Ducks and wild birds have come back to live on the river. Local people often go walking there on weekends, and many even bring their children to watch the fish. 20 It tells us that even seriously damaged ecosystems can be repaired if we take action in time. A．They closed factories that poured dirty water into the river directly. B．It shows how human activity can hurt a natural balance and how we can fix it. C．The project has faced several setbacks in the first few years of work. D．It took more than five years of hard work to complete the main project. E．The project aims to fix the damaged ecosystem of the city’s most polluted river. F．Factories burned coal to produce goods and poured untreated water into the river. 【答案】16．E 17．F 18．A 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文介绍了广州的“绿色河流项目”。50年前河流清澈，但工业发展导致工厂排污使河流严重污染。2018年启动修复项目，经过五年多的努力，河流恢复了清澈，重新成为市民休闲的好去处。 【详解】16．上文“The Green River Project in Guangzhou is one successful example.”提到广州的绿色河流项目是一个成功的例子，E项“该项目旨在修复该市污染最严重的河流的受损生态系统”，总起过渡句，承接上句 “successful example”，引出下文对这条河的完整故事，告诉读者这个项目是要做什么。 17．上文“However, with rapid industrial development, many factories were built along the banks.”提到随着工业快速发展，河岸建起了许多工厂，F项“工厂烧煤生产商品，并将未经处理的水排入河流”具体说明了工厂对河流的污染方式，与下文“黑水直接流入河流”衔接自然。 18．上文“Workers cleaned up tons of rubbish and litter from the river bottom.”提到工人清理了河底的垃圾，A项“他们关闭了直接向河流排放污水的工厂”是修复项目的另一重要措施，与下文“他们还沿河修建了步道和公园”形成并列关系。 19．上文介绍了修复项目的各项措施，下文“Today, clear water flows through the city again.”提到如今清澈的河水再次流过城市，D项“完成主体项目花了五年多的艰苦努力”承上启下，说明项目历时之久，与后文成果形成对比。 20．上文“Ducks and wild birds have come back to live on the…bring their children to watch the fish.”描述了河流修复后的美好景象，B项“它展示了人类活动如何破坏自然平衡以及我们如何修复它”是对全文的总结，与后文“它告诉我们，只要及时采取行动，即使是严重受损的生态系统也可以修复”衔接自然。 一、任务型阅读 （2025江苏镇江中考） 根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词, 每空一词。 Food waste is not just a problem at the dinner table, but a big problem all over the world. Serious losses of food, happen from farmers’ fields to customers’ fridges. What’s worse, pollution and natural disasters may cause food shortage. In developing countries, forty percent of food waste happens during harvesting and processing (加工). Because of this, farmers making little money are trapped in a cycle of poverty. They are also short of rapid transportation and refrigeration (冷藏), so a large number of crops may go bad before they reach the market. Few farmers can afford industrial-sized fridges to keep their products in good conditions. Food waste is also discovered in developed countries. More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying. Shockingly, this amount reaches near the yearly food production in some part of Africa. In many cases, the vegetables and fruit are thrown away because they look “ugly”, falling short of industry standards. Polluting and destroying environment do harm to producing food. A few countries are reducing natural areas for growing food crops and raising livestock (牲畜). Most surprisingly, in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, 800 million trees in the past six years have been cut down to make beef cattle farms. Also, fish farms still create a great deal of pollution as well as diseases. At present, it seems that food production doesn’t reduce, but it may influence all the living things on the earth in the future. Natural disasters like droughts and storms can destroy a whole year’s crop for an unlucky farmer. Climate change will make such events that were previously thought of as “once in a hundred years” happen more and more often. This means that we’ll need more resources to produce the same amount of food. Food waste is harmful to humans, as well as other life on the earth. It’s not only the problem on customers’ dinner table, but also an international problem that must be dealt with by the governments. Food problems •Food is lost 21 from fields to fridges. •Food shortage is caused by pollution and natural disasters. 22 of food waste in different countries *In developing countries•Some farmers are 23 all the time because of the food waste. •Crops may go bad because they can’t be transported 24 . •Products can’t be kept in good conditions because of the limited refrigeration. *In developed countries•In the process of selling and buying, 25 40% of food waste happens. The amount is almost the food production in some part of Africa in a year. •People throw the vegetables and fruit away 26 they look nice and meet standards. Bad 27 on producing food *Polluting and destroying environment•Some natural areas are 28 to grow food crops and raise livestock. •Pollution, as well as diseases, is created by fish farms. Conclusion Natural disasters•A whole year’s crop can be destroyed by natural disasters. •Natural disasters happen more often, not "once in a 29 "in the past. •More resources are needed to produce the same amount of food. Food waste is harmful to all of life on the earth. It’s a problem which should be solved by 30 customers and the governments. 【答案】 21．seriously 22．Discoveries/Situations/Facts 23．poor 24．rapidly/quickly/fast 25．over 26．unless 27．influences 28．reduced 29．century 30．both 【导语】本文主要讲述了食物浪费是全球性的大问题，介绍了不同国家食物浪费的情况、对食物生产的不良影响以及自然灾害等因素对食物的影响，强调食物浪费不仅是消费者的问题，也是需要政府解决的国际问题。 【详解】21．根据“Serious losses of food happen from farmers’ fields to customers’ fridges.”可知，食物从农田到消费者冰箱都有严重的损失，此处用副词“seriously”修饰动词“lost”，表示“严重地”。故填seriously。 22．根据表格内容可知，下文介绍了发展中国家和发达国家食物浪费的情况，“Discoveries/Situations/Facts”意为“情况，事实”，符合语境，句首单词首字母大写。故填Discoveries/Situations/Facts。 23．根据“Because of this, farmers making little money are trapped in a cycle of poverty.”可知，一些农民因为食物浪费一直很贫穷，“poor”意为“贫穷的”，符合语境。故填poor。 24．根据“They are also short of rapid transportation and refrigeration, so a large number of crops may go bad before they reach the market.”可知，因为运输不迅速，庄稼可能会变质，此处用副词“rapidly/quickly/fast”修饰动词“transported”，表示“迅速地”。故填rapidly/quickly/fast。 25．根据“More than forty percent of food waste happens during the process of selling and buying.”可知，在销售和购买过程中，超过 40% 的食物浪费发生了，“over”意为“超过”，符合语境。故填over。 26．根据“In many cases, the vegetables and fruit are thrown away because they look ‘ugly’, falling short of industry standards.”可知，人们扔掉蔬菜和水果，除非它们看起来好看且符合标准，“unless”意为“除非”，符合语境。故填unless。 27．根据“Polluting and destroying environment do harm to producing food.”可知，此处讲的是对食物生产的不良影响，“influences”意为“影响”，符合语境。故填influences。 28．根据“A few countries are reducing natural areas for growing food crops and raising livestock.”可知，一些自然区域被减少用于种植粮食作物和饲养牲畜，此处是被动语态，用“reduced”。故填reduced。 29．根据“Climate change will make such events that were previously thought of as ‘once in a hundred years’ happen more and more often.”可知，自然灾害不再是过去“百年一遇”，而是更频繁发生，“century”意为“世纪”，符合语境。故填century。 30．根据“It’s not only the problem on customers’ dinner table, but also an international problem that must be dealt with by the governments.”可知，食物浪费是需要消费者和政府共同解决的问题，“both...and...”表示“两者都”，符合语境。故填both。 $