精品解析：天津市第二新华中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

2026—2027学年度第一学期高二年级学科练习一 英语学科（共6页） 2026年10月 I卷 一、听力理解（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Manager and secretary. B. Teacher and student. C. Nurse and doctor. 2. What time is it now? A. 7:15 p. m. B. 7:30 p. m. C. 7:45 p. m. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Arranging a hiking trip. B. Sharing travel photos. C. Visiting an art exhibition. 4. Why does Rex make the call? A. To invite Jake to the gym. B. To ask about a class trip. C. To tell Jake the trip time. 5. What will the woman probably do next? A. Print her notes. B. Rewrite her notes. C. Have a coffee. 第二节 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Where will the man go first in June? A. Italy. B. Hungary. C. Germany. 7. Who is the man probably? A. A reporter. B. A musician. C. A tour guide. 8. When will the festival in the UK be held? A. In the middle of May. B. In the middle of August. C. At the end of August. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. Where do the man’s grandparents usually stay during their winter trips? A. In a hotel. B. In a motorhome. C. In a friend’s house. 10. How long have the man’s grandparents stayed in Madrid? A. About one week. B. About two weeks. C. About three weeks. 11. What is the man’s grandfather good at? A. Handling repairs. B. Speaking foreign languages. C. Planning travel routes. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What caused Celia’s pain and sadness? A. A car accident. B. A serious disease. C. A training injury. 13. How did Celia feel about the nurse’s advice? A. Confused. B. Excited. C. Worried. 14. What do we know about Celia? A. She hardly painted before. B. She wanted to be an artist. C. She helped many patients. 15. What will Celia do next week? A. Visit a museum. B. Buy some artworks. C. Display her paintings. 二、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. What was meant merely as ________ by the host ended up greatly offending the distinguished guest who traveled a long way to attend the grand opening ceremony. A. a laughing stock B. a brand of humour C. a practical joke D. a long face 2. When searching through the thick cold fog in the valley, the rescuers had a hard time ________ the trapped tourists hidden among the sharp rocks. A. examining B. informing C. seizing D. spotting 3. The proposal put forward by the youth group, aimed at improving community service, met with ________ from the board for lack of practical supporting details. A. rejection B. revelation C. opponent D. outcome 4. Mr. Smith was really a very great teacher devoted to improving students’ practical abilities, ________ lectures we benefited a lot about communication skills when we attended his weekly courses last term. A. from whom B. of whom C. from whose D. of whose 5. — My application for the research project has been approved! I have spent months preparing for it. — Congratulations! All your efforts paid off. ________. A. You got it. B. You deserve it. C. You will make it. D. You can manage it. 6. Any ancient porcelain piece that ________ out of the museum must go through a strict security check and complete relevant registration procedures. A. permits to take B. is permitted to be taken C. permits to be taken D. is permitted to take 7. It seems rather unwise, many economic experts believe, ________ the huge urban construction project without carrying out enough detailed market research and risk assessment in advance. A. to launch B. to have launched C. launching D. having launched 8. After being cheated several times by various salesmen, the poor old man eventually learned to avoid ________ into buying expensive and unnecessary stuff whenever he goes shopping downtown. A. talked B. being talked C. talking D. to talk 9. Having suffered a series of failures and doubts from peers, what kept the devoted scientist ________ his research was his firm belief in the value of his theory A. carrying on with B. paying off C. bursting onto D. giving way 10. Only if you stick to the strict operating standards set by the management team can you ________ the whole project safe free from those avoidable human mistakes. A. elect B. assign C. guarantee D. defeat 11. The damaged wall paintings in the cave, which date back to the Tang Dynasty, require ________ immediately before the wet weather causes more damage. A. protecting B. to protect C. being protected D. protected 12. ________ traditional Chinese culture with various overseas cultures from different regions is a challenging but rewarding job, but you will learn a lot about cultural diversity from it. A. Comparing B. Compared C. Having compared D. Compare 13. The opening of the art exhibition turned out to be a memorable occasion, ________ many visitors could appreciate the masterpieces created by local painters. A. when B. where C. which D. that 14. The damage to the ancient fresco caused by acid rain proved to be ________, which meant no available technique could restore it completely. A. intense B. remarkable C. complicated D. permanent 15. The sudden breakdown of the imported equipment, which we relied heavily on for data collection, means ________ our research schedule, but we never meant ________ the whole team under unnecessary pressure. A. to change; to place B. to change; placing C. changing; placing D. changing; to place 三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） A Very Special Olympian The professor was searching for student volunteers in the lecture room for a Special Olympics event. As the sign-up sheet went up and down the rows, I started to come up with my ____16____. Maybe it was the distance to the college where the event was to take place, or the early hour that ____17____ had to report for duty. Whatever the reasons that made me hesitate, I am thankful to this day that I ____18____ up volunteering. If I had missed the event, I would have missed one of the most unforgettable moments that I have ever ____19____. I arrived at the volunteer tent bright and early. My task was ____20____. I was to stand at the finish line only and wait until the event was over and then take the ____21____ to the announcing booth (公告处). Standing at the finish line, I was able to witness many amazing efforts and close races. I was most impressed by the effort each athlete put into his or her ____22____. What also impressed me was the sincere ____23____ each athlete expressed while participating though sometimes the joy of participating in a sporting event can get ____24____ in the fierce competition of winning and losing. Then an amazing moment happened right before my eyes. A group of athletes were ____25____ up to run a short race. One of them was in a wheelchair, a little girl with a ____26____ smile, wearing bright bows in her hair. Her smile filled the stadium that day. I couldn't help but smile back at her. The gun sounded. They were off. Runners sped up on the ____27____ with all their might (力量). My eyes ____28____ for the little girl with the bright bows. There she was, pumping her arms with all the ____29____ she had. Her efforts were getting little result, but that did not stop her. I noticed as she got closer that she also had an injured arm. But that did not stop this bright star. The race was long over ____30____ the young athlete kept pumping her arms. As she finally ____31____ the finish line, the noise of the crowd was thunderous. There I stood ____32____, with tears falling down my cheeks. After all these years, I can still hear those cheers. I wish I could thank that remarkable athlete for what her efforts ____33____ this unmotivated college guy. I grew up a lot that day because of the ____34____ of that little girl in the wheelchair. I was ____35____ that day of a poem from a book that states, “Whatever you do, do it with all your might.” 16. A. ideas B. plans C. suggestions D. excuses 17. A. runners B. students C. volunteers D. advisors 18. A. gave B. ended C. stayed D. woke 19. A. ignored B. controlled C. witnessed D. imagined 20. A. simple B. difficult C. interesting D. tiring 21. A. prize B. athlete C. result D. winner 22. A. mind B. event C. victory D. body 23. A. joy B. belief C. trust D. confidence 24. A. stuck B. increased C. respected D. lost 25. A. mixed B. called C. lined D. piled 26. A. huge B. narrow C. weak D. hard 27. A. court B. track C. field D. platform 28. A. hoped B. cared C. prepared D. searched 29. A. desires B. courage C. energy D. dreams 30. A. but B. and C. or D. so 31. A. felt B. neared C. took D. raised 32. A. cheering B. waiting C. calculating D. recording 33. A. paid B. owed C. disappointed D. taught 34. A. honesty B. bravery C. popularity D. creativity 35. A. warned B. persuaded C. informed D. reminded 第二部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) A Guide to the British Museum Planning a visit to the British Museum in London? This guide will provide you with essential information to make the most of your trip. Opening Hours The Museum is open daily from 10:00 to 17:00. On Fridays, the Museum extends its hours and stays open until 20:30. The Museum is closed on 1 January and 24 — 26 December. Admission General admission to the Museum’s permanent collection is free for all visitors. This ensures everyone can explore world cultures and history. Some special exhibitions and events require a paid ticket. It is highly recommended to book these tickets online in advance to guarantee entry. Highlights & Planning The Museum’s collection is vast, covering over two million years of history. It is impossible to see everything in one visit. We recommend planning your route beforehand. You can download a map from the official website or pick one up at the information desk upon arrival. Key highlights include the Rosetta Stone, the Parthenon sculptures, and the Egyptian mummies. We advise allocating at least three hours for your visit. Facilities Free Wi-Fi is available throughout the Museum. Several cafes and a restaurant are located inside, offering a range of dining options. Limited wheelchairs can be borrowed free of charge from the main entrance, subject to availability. We hope these facilities and tips help you enjoy a wonderful and educational day at the British Museum. 36. According to the guide, when can visitors stay at the British Museum until 8:30 p.m.? A. On weekdays B. On Fridays. C. During special exhibitions. D. On public holidays. 37. Which is true about the admission to the British Museum? A. All visitors need to pay an entrance fee. B. Tickets must be booked online for special exhibitions. C. No charge is needed to view the permanent collection. D. The Museum is free only for students and seniors. 38. What does the guide suggest visitors do before their trip? A. Decide which objects to see first. B. Apply for free wheelchair access. C. Learn about the history of the Rosetta Stone. D. Make a reservation for the restaurant. 39. In Facilities section “subject to availability” means wheelchairs are provided ________. A. at any time B. if available C. for a fee D. to all visitors 40. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To compare the British Museum with other museums. B. To advertise special exhibitions at the British Museum. C. To provide practical information for potential visitors. D. To describe the history of the British Museum’s collection. (B) When I was ten, my family moved to a small house on the edge of town. Behind the house was an abandoned garden, overgrown with weeds and bushes. To me, it looked like a jungle, messy and wild. My father, however, saw it differently. “This,” he said with a smile, “is where we’ll grow something beautiful.” At first, I didn’t believe him. The garden seemed hopeless. But my father handed me a pair of gloves and a small tool. “Let’s start small,” he said. With some hesitation, I followed him outside, where we spent hours pulling weeds, turning the soil, and clearing the rocks. My hands hurt, and the summer sun was very hot, but my father never complained. “Gardens,” he said, “are like people. They just need a little care to grow.” As the weeks passed, I began to see the changes. The soil became soft and rich, and we planted seeds—tiny things that looked like they could never survive. But my father was patient. Every morning, we watered the garden together, watching and waiting. Slowly, green shoots began to appear, reaching for the sky. It was magical, as if life itself were unfolding before my eyes. The garden, once lifeless, began to come alive again, and so did I. One day, a big storm rolled in. The wind roared, and the rain hit hard against the windows. I worried about the garden, but my father reassured me. “The plants are stronger than you think,” he said. The morning after the storm, I ran outside, expecting to find the garden ruined. Instead, I saw the plants standing tall, shining with drops of water. They had made it through the storm, just as my father had said. By the end of summer, the garden was full of life—bright flowers, leafy greens, and even a few tomatoes. My father and I stood together, admiring our work. “You see,” he said, “it’s not just about the garden. It’s about what you learn along the way—patience, strength, and the joy of creating something with your own hands.” Years later, I still remember that little garden. Whenever life feels difficult, I think of those tiny seeds and the way they grew, even when it seemed impossible. And I remind myself that, like the garden, I can grow too—with a little care and a lot of patience. The lessons from that summer remain with me, helping me face challenges and reminding me of the beauty in hard work. 41. What does the father’s reaction to the garden reveal about his personality? A. He tends to avoid difficult situations. B. He focuses on quick results rather than long-term effort. C. He feels doubtful about fixing the garden. D. He sees potential in challenging circumstances. 42. Why did the author hesitate to help their father at first? A. The author thought the garden was beyond saving. B. The author lacked experience in gardening. C. The author was worried about the physical effort required. D. The author preferred spending time indoors. 43. Why does the author describe the garden as “coming alive again” in Paragraph 3? A. The garden began to grow without their help. B. The author started to see signs of life in the garden. C. The garden returned to its original condition. D. The author felt discouraged by the slow progress. 44. What does the underlined word “roared” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Spoke in a soft voice. B. Made a loud sound. C. Moved quietly. D. Shook slightly. 45. What is the author’s key takeaway from the gardening experience? A. Nature is unpredictable and uncontrollable. B. Teamwork matters most for reaching goals. C. Success depends entirely on favorable conditions. D. Personal growth comes from consistent care and effort. (C) Everybody knows the feeling of being unable to make a certain life choice because circumstances don’t allow it. Maybe you think you can’t end an unhappy marriage because of the emotional impact on your loved ones, or that you can’t leave a disappointing career because of the financial cost. On a more ordinary level, you might feel that you can’t spend half an hour working on a creative project because there are too many emails to answer or too many household chores to complete. These are valid concerns, but the truth is, it’s almost never literally the case that you have to meet a deadline, answer an email, or fulfill a family obligation (义务、责任). As Sheldon B. Kopp noted, you’re free to do whatever you like — you just need to face the consequences. Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path. Spending a week in Rome means not spending that same week in Paris. Avoiding a conflict in the short-term means letting a bad situation worsen. As economist Thomas Sowell said, “There are no solutions, only trade-offs.” Relaxing in a messy home, as Laura Vanderkam suggests, might mean tolerating some discomfort about untidied toys, but it’s rarely worth worrying out. Most consequences we face aren’t really worth the stress. However, you can’t wriggle free of the costs of your choice — that’s never an option. It means realizing that nothing can stop you from doing anything at all, as long as you’re willing to pay the price. For example, quitting your job might lead to financial insecurity, and ignoring emails might irritate a colleague. Even these unpleasant realities don’t change the fact that choice is about weighing trade-offs. Most of us tend to exaggerate potential consequences to avoid bold choices. Philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre observed that there’s a comfort in believing you have no options because it’s easier to feel trapped than to face the responsibilities of freedom. Once you begin to approach life as a matter of trade-offs, it becomes easier to say no to things you might not previously have dared to turn down. Ultimately, freedom isn’t about avoiding limitations but embracing them. It means examining the trade-offs —because there will always be trade-offs — and choosing the one you’re willing to accept. True freedom lies not in escaping responsibilities but in deciding which responsibilities to take on. 46. Why does the author argue that people often feel unable to make certain life choices? A. They are forced by external factors to avoid making decisions. B. They think others will solve their problems for them. C. They believe circumstances leave them with no options. D. They prioritize long-term consequences over immediate actions. 47. Why does the author believe that “trade-offs” are unavoidable in life, according to the second paragraph? A. Because every choice comes with a cost. B. Because people are afraid of short-term conflicts. C. Because making choices complicates life. D. Because people need to follow social rules. 48. What does the underlined phrase “wriggling free of the costs of your choice” in Paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. Refusing to make trade-offs or sacrifices. B. Gaining freedom without facing limitations. C. Making decisions without considering their consequences. D. Escaping the responsibilities associated with making a choice. 49. What is the author’s perspective on freedom as mentioned in the passage? A. Freedom comes from refusing to take any risks. B. True freedom is being free from obligations and responsibilities. C. Freedom is achievable when others understand your decisions. D. Freedom means examining trade-offs and making choices despite limitations. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Freedom means avoiding potential consequences. B. Every choice involves trade-offs and consequences. C. People shouldn’t prioritize personal freedom over obligations. D. Life is full of unavoidable limitations that prevent true freedom. 第二部分：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 “Where are you going to college?” “I’m going to my local community college.” My answer seemed to be the magic phrase that would wipe the smile right off many people’s faces. It’s clear that people have a lot of misconceptions (误解) about community colleges. Many people think community colleges are only for people who couldn’t get into a four-year school. But it is not true. In high school, I always got A’s. But when it came to applying to colleges, I had no idea what I wanted to major in and couldn’t justify spending thousands of dollars at a 4-year school until I knew what I wanted to do. My parents were very supportive of my decision to attend the community college. Some people will ask, “Since the community college is cheaper, will you get a good education?” I found that nearly all of my professors taught the same courses at 4-year colleges. My professors were knowledgeable and experienced, and I found many of the courses challenging. Some people think if I attend the community college, I will miss out on the “college experience”. I must admit that this is something I worried about a great deal the summer before college. But I soon learned that the community college, just like any other college, is what you make of it. I strived to make the most of my time at the community college. I also made tons of friends by joining clubs and attending student government meetings. I took a lot of different courses. I had an amazing professor who suggested I take her journalism class. Never having written for my high school newspapers, I dared not take it, but since she was so enthusiastic, I eventually decided to have a try. That one course was all it took for me to realize that I wanted to become a journalist. I look forward to graduating this May to pursue a career in broadcast journalism. Community colleges may not be for everyone, but for me it is a life-changing experience that has helped me discover who I am and the person I hope to become. 51. What was the author’s parents’ attitude towards his/her decision about attending the community college? (no more than 5 words) 52. What does the underlined part “miss out on” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word) 53. How did the author make friends at community college? (no more than 12 words) 54. Why daren’t the author take the journalism class at first? (no more than 12 words) 55. In your opinion, what kind of effect does attending the community college have on the author? (no more than 15 words) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026—2027学年度第一学期高二年级学科练习一 英语学科（共6页） 2026年10月 I卷 一、听力理解（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Manager and secretary. B. Teacher and student. C. Nurse and doctor. 2. What time is it now? A. 7:15 p. m. B. 7:30 p. m. C. 7:45 p. m. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Arranging a hiking trip. B. Sharing travel photos. C. Visiting an art exhibition. 4. Why does Rex make the call? A. To invite Jake to the gym. B. To ask about a class trip. C. To tell Jake the trip time. 5. What will the woman probably do next? A. Print her notes. B. Rewrite her notes. C. Have a coffee. 第二节 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Where will the man go first in June? A. Italy. B. Hungary. C. Germany. 7. Who is the man probably? A. A reporter. B. A musician. C. A tour guide. 8. When will the festival in the UK be held? A. In the middle of May. B. In the middle of August. C. At the end of August. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. Where do the man’s grandparents usually stay during their winter trips? A. In a hotel. B. In a motorhome. C. In a friend’s house. 10. How long have the man’s grandparents stayed in Madrid? A. About one week. B. About two weeks. C. About three weeks. 11. What is the man’s grandfather good at? A. Handling repairs. B. Speaking foreign languages. C. Planning travel routes. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What caused Celia’s pain and sadness? A. A car accident. B. A serious disease. C. A training injury. 13. How did Celia feel about the nurse’s advice? A. Confused. B. Excited. C. Worried. 14. What do we know about Celia? A. She hardly painted before. B. She wanted to be an artist. C. She helped many patients. 15. What will Celia do next week? A. Visit a museum. B. Buy some artworks. C. Display her paintings. 二、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. What was meant merely as ________ by the host ended up greatly offending the distinguished guest who traveled a long way to attend the grand opening ceremony. A. a laughing stock B. a brand of humour C. a practical joke D. a long face 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：主人原本只是想搞个恶作剧，结果却大大冒犯了远道而来参加盛大开幕式的贵宾。A. a laughing stock笑柄；B. a brand of humour一种幽默；C.a practical joke恶作剧；D.a long face愁眉苦脸。根据“offending the distinguished guest who traveled a long way to attend the grand opening ceremony.”可知，主人本意只是搞个恶作剧，却意外冒犯了客人。 2. When searching through the thick cold fog in the valley, the rescuers had a hard time ________ the trapped tourists hidden among the sharp rocks. A. examining B. informing C. seizing D. spotting 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在山谷浓密寒冷的雾中搜寻时，救援人员很难发现隐藏在尖锐岩石间的被困游客。A. examining检查；B. informing通知；C. seizing抓住；D. spotting发现。根据When searching through the thick cold fog in the valley可知，在浓雾中搜寻，救援人员很难“发现”被困游客。 3. The proposal put forward by the youth group, aimed at improving community service, met with ________ from the board for lack of practical supporting details. A. rejection B. revelation C. opponent D. outcome 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：青年小组提出的旨在改善社区服务的提案，因缺乏实际支撑细节而遭到董事会否决。A. rejection否决；B. revelation揭露；C. opponent对手；D. outcome结果。根据后文“for lack of practical supporting details”可知，提案因为缺少实操细节遭到“否决”。 4. Mr. Smith was really a very great teacher devoted to improving students’ practical abilities, ________ lectures we benefited a lot about communication skills when we attended his weekly courses last term. A. from whom B. of whom C. from whose D. of whose 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：史密斯先生真是一位致力于提高学生实践能力的非常伟大的老师，上学期我们参加他的每周课程时，从他的讲座中我们学到了很多关于沟通技巧的知识。此处是非限制性定语从句，根据先行词Mr. Smith与lectures的所属关系以及固定搭配“benefit a lot from... (从……中受益匪浅)”可知，此空用from whose。 5. — My application for the research project has been approved! I have spent months preparing for it. — Congratulations! All your efforts paid off. ________. A. You got it. B. You deserve it. C. You will make it. D. You can manage it. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我的研究项目申请被批准了!我花了几个月的时间来准备。——祝贺你!你所有的努力都得到了回报。这是你应得的。A. You got it你明白了；B. You deserve it这是你应得的；C. You will make it你会成功的；D. You can manage it你能应付得来。根据题意，第二个人对第一个人的成功表示祝贺，并认为这是对方几个月努力的结果，即对方应得的。 6. Any ancient porcelain piece that ________ out of the museum must go through a strict security check and complete relevant registration procedures. A. permits to take B. is permitted to be taken C. permits to be taken D. is permitted to take 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：任何被允许带出博物馆的古代瓷器都必须经过严格的安全检查并完成相关的登记手续。动词permit(允许)作定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词Any ancient porcelain piece)之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态构成is permitted to do...结构；同时，take(带出)与其逻辑主语Any ancient porcelain piece之间也是被动关系，应用不定式的被动式to be taken。 7. It seems rather unwise, many economic experts believe, ________ the huge urban construction project without carrying out enough detailed market research and risk assessment in advance. A. to launch B. to have launched C. launching D. having launched 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多经济专家认为，没有事先进行足够详细的市场研究和风险评估就启动这个巨大的城市建设项目，似乎是相当不明智的。句中“many economic experts believe”为插入语，句子主干为“It seems rather unwise...”；此处考查“It seems+形容词+to do sth.”的固定句型，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。此处表示一般性的动作或情况，应用动词不定式的一般式to launch。 8. After being cheated several times by various salesmen, the poor old man eventually learned to avoid ________ into buying expensive and unnecessary stuff whenever he goes shopping downtown. A. talked B. being talked C. talking D. to talk 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在被各类推销员欺骗数次之后，这位可怜的老人最终学会了在市中心购物时避免被劝说去购买昂贵且不需要的商品。此处为固定搭配avoid doing sth.，主语the old man和talk into是被动关系，表示“被劝说”，因此用动名词的被动形式being talked。 9. Having suffered a series of failures and doubts from peers, what kept the devoted scientist ________ his research was his firm belief in the value of his theory A. carrying on with B. paying off C. bursting onto D. giving way 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：在遭受一系列失败和同行质疑后，支撑这位专注的科学家继续进行研究的是他对自身理论价值的坚定信念。A. carrying on with继续；B. paying off取得成功；C. bursting onto突然出现在；D. giving way让步。根据后文“his research”可知，科学家一直“继续”他的研究。 10. Only if you stick to the strict operating standards set by the management team can you ________ the whole project safe free from those avoidable human mistakes. A. elect B. assign C. guarantee D. defeat 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：只有坚持管理团队制定的严格操作标准，你才能保证整个项目的安全，免受那些可避免的人为错误的影响。A. elect选举；B. assign分配；C. guarantee保证；D. defeat击败。根据“Only if you stick to the strict operating standards set by the management team”可知，你才能保证整个项目的安全。 11. The damaged wall paintings in the cave, which date back to the Tang Dynasty, require ________ immediately before the wet weather causes more damage. A. protecting B. to protect C. being protected D. protected 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：洞穴里受损的壁画可以追溯到唐朝，在潮湿的天气造成更多破坏之前，它们需要立即被保护起来。require doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“需要被做”，动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于require to be done。句中主语wall paintings与protect之间是被动关系，故使用require protecting。 12. ________ traditional Chinese culture with various overseas cultures from different regions is a challenging but rewarding job, but you will learn a lot about cultural diversity from it. A. Comparing B. Compared C. Having compared D. Compare 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：将中国传统文化与来自不同地区的各种海外文化进行比较是一项具有挑战性但有益的工作，但你会从中了解很多关于文化多样性的知识。前半句的谓语动词为is，空处及其后内容在句中作主语，应用非谓语动词形式。动名词短语作主语通常表示一般性的动作或已知的事实，且此处动作没有发生在谓语动词之前，无需使用完成式，故使用动名词的一般式Comparing。 13. The opening of the art exhibition turned out to be a memorable occasion, ________ many visitors could appreciate the masterpieces created by local painters. A. when B. where C. which D. that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：艺术展的开幕结果是一个令人难忘的时刻，在这个时刻，许多游客可以欣赏到当地画家创作的杰作。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词occasion（时刻），在从句中作时间状语，因此使用关系副词when引导该定语从句。 14. The damage to the ancient fresco caused by acid rain proved to be ________, which meant no available technique could restore it completely. A. intense B. remarkable C. complicated D. permanent 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：酸雨对古代壁画造成的破坏被证明是永久性的，这意味着没有现有的技术可以将其完全修复。A. intense强烈的；B. remarkable显著的；C. complicated复杂的；D. permanent永久的。根据后文“no available technique could restore it completely”可知，这种破坏是无法恢复的，即永久性的。 15. The sudden breakdown of the imported equipment, which we relied heavily on for data collection, means ________ our research schedule, but we never meant ________ the whole team under unnecessary pressure. A. to change; to place B. to change; placing C. changing; placing D. changing; to place 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们严重依赖用于数据收集的进口设备突然发生故障，这意味着要改变我们的研究计划，但我们绝不是有意让整个团队承受不必要的压力。动词mean后接不同形式的非谓语动词有不同的含义：mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”；mean to do sth.意为“打算/有意做某事”。句中第一空表示设备故障“意味着”改变计划，故使用动名词changing；第二空表示我们绝不是“有意”让团队承受压力，故使用不定式to place。 三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） A Very Special Olympian The professor was searching for student volunteers in the lecture room for a Special Olympics event. As the sign-up sheet went up and down the rows, I started to come up with my ____16____. Maybe it was the distance to the college where the event was to take place, or the early hour that ____17____ had to report for duty. Whatever the reasons that made me hesitate, I am thankful to this day that I ____18____ up volunteering. If I had missed the event, I would have missed one of the most unforgettable moments that I have ever ____19____. I arrived at the volunteer tent bright and early. My task was ____20____. I was to stand at the finish line only and wait until the event was over and then take the ____21____ to the announcing booth (公告处). Standing at the finish line, I was able to witness many amazing efforts and close races. I was most impressed by the effort each athlete put into his or her ____22____. What also impressed me was the sincere ____23____ each athlete expressed while participating though sometimes the joy of participating in a sporting event can get ____24____ in the fierce competition of winning and losing. Then an amazing moment happened right before my eyes. A group of athletes were ____25____ up to run a short race. One of them was in a wheelchair, a little girl with a ____26____ smile, wearing bright bows in her hair. Her smile filled the stadium that day. I couldn't help but smile back at her. The gun sounded. They were off. Runners sped up on the ____27____ with all their might (力量). My eyes ____28____ for the little girl with the bright bows. There she was, pumping her arms with all the ____29____ she had. Her efforts were getting little result, but that did not stop her. I noticed as she got closer that she also had an injured arm. But that did not stop this bright star. The race was long over ____30____ the young athlete kept pumping her arms. As she finally ____31____ the finish line, the noise of the crowd was thunderous. There I stood ____32____, with tears falling down my cheeks. After all these years, I can still hear those cheers. I wish I could thank that remarkable athlete for what her efforts ____33____ this unmotivated college guy. I grew up a lot that day because of the ____34____ of that little girl in the wheelchair. I was ____35____ that day of a poem from a book that states, “Whatever you do, do it with all your might.” 16. A. ideas B. plans C. suggestions D. excuses 17. A. runners B. students C. volunteers D. advisors 18. A. gave B. ended C. stayed D. woke 19. A. ignored B. controlled C. witnessed D. imagined 20. A. simple B. difficult C. interesting D. tiring 21. A. prize B. athlete C. result D. winner 22. A. mind B. event C. victory D. body 23. A. joy B. belief C. trust D. confidence 24. A. stuck B. increased C. respected D. lost 25. A. mixed B. called C. lined D. piled 26. A. huge B. narrow C. weak D. hard 27. A. court B. track C. field D. platform 28. A. hoped B. cared C. prepared D. searched 29. A. desires B. courage C. energy D. dreams 30. A. but B. and C. or D. so 31. A. felt B. neared C. took D. raised 32. A. cheering B. waiting C. calculating D. recording 33. A. paid B. owed C. disappointed D. taught 34. A. honesty B. bravery C. popularity D. creativity 35. A. warned B. persuaded C. informed D. reminded 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在特殊奥林匹克运动会做志愿者的经历，特别是被一个小女孩运动员的勇气和坚持所感动。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当报名表在一排排同学间传递时，我开始找借口。A. ideas想法；B. plans计划；C. suggestions建议；D. excuses借口。根据后文“Maybe it was the distance...or the early hour”可知，作者在为不想报名找理由，“excuses”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：或许是举办赛事的大学距离太远，又或许是志愿者需要很早报到。A. runners跑步者；B. students学生；C. volunteers志愿者；D. advisors顾问。文章开头“The professor was searching for student volunteers”提到招募的是学生志愿者，此处指志愿者需要早到，故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论让我犹豫的原因是什么，我至今都很庆幸自己最终还是报名当了志愿者。A. gave给；B. ended结束；C. stayed停留；D. woke醒来。根据前文“Whatever the reasons that made me hesitate, I am thankful to this day”及后文“volunteering”可知，作者从犹豫到最终参与，“end up doing”为固定搭配，故选B。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我错过了这次活动，我就会错过我所见证过的最难忘的时刻之一。A. ignored忽视；B. controlled控制；C. witnessed见证；D. imagined想象。根据前文“If I had missed the event, I would have missed one of the most unforgettable moments”和后文讲述了作者在特奥会上看到的种种场景，这些是他“见证”的难忘时刻，故选C。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的任务很简单。A. simple简单的；B. difficult困难的；C. interesting有趣的；D. tiring累人的。根据后文“I was to stand at the finish line only and wait until the event was over and then take the ____ to the announcing booth”可知，作者的任务流程单一，并不复杂，故选A。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只需在终点线待命，等赛事结束后把结果送到公告处。A. prize奖品；B. athlete运动员；C. result结果；D. winner获胜者。根据前文“I was to stand at the finish line only and wait until the event was over”并结合志愿任务的逻辑，终点线处要统计的是赛事结果，再送往公告处公示，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最让我印象深刻的是每位运动员为自己的赛事所付出的努力。A. mind头脑；B. event赛事；C. victory胜利；D. body身体。根据常识可知，运动员是为各自参与的具体赛事项目付出努力，“event”在此处指具体的比赛项目，符合语境，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样令我印象深刻的是每位运动员在参与过程中流露出的真挚喜悦，尽管有时体育赛事的参与喜悦可能在胜负激烈的竞争中被淹没。A. joy喜悦；B. belief信念；C. trust信任；D. confidence信心。根据后文“the joy of participating in a sporting event”的提示，此处指运动员参赛时的喜悦，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样令我印象深刻的是每位运动员在参与过程中流露出的真挚喜悦，尽管有时体育赛事的参与喜悦可能在胜负激烈的竞争中被淹没。A. stuck卡住；B. increased增加；C. respected尊重；D. lost失去、磨灭。根据后文“in the fierce competition of winning and losing”可知，“get lost”在此处可理解为“消逝、磨灭”，体现输赢竞争对参赛纯粹喜悦的影响，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一群运动员正排着队准备参加短跑比赛。A. mixed混合；B. called呼叫；C. lined排队；D. piled堆积。根据后文“to run a short race”可知，运动员赛前排队准备，“line up”为固定搭配，意为“排队”，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中一个是坐在轮椅上的小女孩，笑容灿烂，头发上还别着鲜艳的蝴蝶结。A. huge灿烂的、大大的；B. narrow狭窄的；C. weak微弱的；D. hard艰难的。根据后文“Her smile filled the stadium that day”可知，小女孩的笑容很灿烂，“huge”可形容笑容的明朗，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步选手们在跑道上拼尽全力加速。A. court球场；B. track跑道；C. field场地；D. platform平台。根据前文“a short race”可知，短跑比赛是在跑道上进行的，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目光在搜寻那个戴着鲜艳蝴蝶结的小女孩。A. hoped希望；B. cared关心；C. prepared准备；D. searched搜寻。根据后文“There she was”可知，作者特意关注这个小女孩，所以在人群中寻找她的身影，“search for”为固定搭配，意为“搜寻”，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她就在那里，用尽全身力气挥动着手臂。A. desires渴望；B. courage勇气；C. energy力气、能量；D. dreams梦想。根据前文“pumping her arms”可知，小女孩坐在轮椅上，依靠手臂发力前行，此处指她用尽全身的力气，“energy”符合语境，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：比赛早就结束了，但这位年轻的运动员仍在挥动着手臂。A. but但是；B. and和；C. or或者；D. so所以。前半句“The race was long over”说比赛结束，后半句“the young athlete kept pumping her arms”说女孩仍在坚持，前后为转折关系，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她最终接近终点线时，全场爆发出雷鸣般的欢呼声。A. felt感觉；B. neared接近；C. took拿；D. raised举起。根据后文“the noise of the crowd was thunderous”可知，此时女孩快到终点线了，“neared”体现接近的状态，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里欢呼，眼泪顺着脸颊滑落。A. cheering欢呼；B. waiting等待；C. calculating计算；D. recording记录。根据后文“with tears falling down my cheeks”可知，看到女孩的坚持，作者深受感动，也跟着全场一起为她欢呼，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真希望能感谢这位杰出的运动员，感谢她的努力教会了这个曾经毫无动力的大学生。A. paid支付；B. owed亏欠；C. disappointed使失望；D. taught教会。根据前文“her efforts”可知，小女孩的行为给了作者启发和感悟，相当于“教会”了他道理，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天，轮椅上小女孩的勇气让我成长了许多。A. honesty诚实；B. bravery勇气；C. popularity受欢迎度；D. creativity创造力。根据前文“As she finally ____ the finish line, the noise of the crowd was thunderous.”可知，小女孩手臂受伤且坐着轮椅，仍拼尽全力完成比赛，这体现了她的勇气，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我想起了一本书里的一句诗：“无论做什么，都要竭尽全力。”A. warned警告；B. persuaded说服；C. informed告知；D. reminded提醒、使想起。根据后文“a poem from a book”可知，小女孩的经历让作者联想到了诗句，“remind sb. of sth.”为固定搭配，意为“使某人想起某事”，故选D。 第二部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) A Guide to the British Museum Planning a visit to the British Museum in London? This guide will provide you with essential information to make the most of your trip. Opening Hours The Museum is open daily from 10:00 to 17:00. On Fridays, the Museum extends its hours and stays open until 20:30. The Museum is closed on 1 January and 24 — 26 December. Admission General admission to the Museum’s permanent collection is free for all visitors. This ensures everyone can explore world cultures and history. Some special exhibitions and events require a paid ticket. It is highly recommended to book these tickets online in advance to guarantee entry. Highlights & Planning The Museum’s collection is vast, covering over two million years of history. It is impossible to see everything in one visit. We recommend planning your route beforehand. You can download a map from the official website or pick one up at the information desk upon arrival. Key highlights include the Rosetta Stone, the Parthenon sculptures, and the Egyptian mummies. We advise allocating at least three hours for your visit. Facilities Free Wi-Fi is available throughout the Museum. Several cafes and a restaurant are located inside, offering a range of dining options. Limited wheelchairs can be borrowed free of charge from the main entrance, subject to availability. We hope these facilities and tips help you enjoy a wonderful and educational day at the British Museum. 36. According to the guide, when can visitors stay at the British Museum until 8:30 p.m.? A. On weekdays B. On Fridays. C. During special exhibitions. D. On public holidays. 37. Which is true about the admission to the British Museum? A. All visitors need to pay an entrance fee. B. Tickets must be booked online for special exhibitions. C. No charge is needed to view the permanent collection. D. The Museum is free only for students and seniors. 38. What does the guide suggest visitors do before their trip? A. Decide which objects to see first. B. Apply for free wheelchair access. C. Learn about the history of the Rosetta Stone. D. Make a reservation for the restaurant. 39. In Facilities section “subject to availability” means wheelchairs are provided ________. A. at any time B. if available C. for a fee D. to all visitors 40. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To compare the British Museum with other museums. B. To advertise special exhibitions at the British Museum. C. To provide practical information for potential visitors. D. To describe the history of the British Museum’s collection. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。这篇指南介绍了大英博物馆的开放时间、免费入场政策、参观建议与馆内设施，帮助游客更好地规划行程、充分参观。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Opening Hours部分“On Fridays, the Museum extends its hours and stays open until 20:30.(每逢周五，该博物馆会延长开放时间，一直营业到晚上8点30分)”可知，游客在周五可以在大英博物馆停留到晚上8点30分。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Admission部分“General admission to the Museum’s permanent collection is free for all visitors.(博物馆永久藏品的参观对所有游客都是免费的)”可知，C选项“观看永久藏品是免费的”正确。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Highlights & Planning部分“The Museum’s collection is vast, covering over two million years of history. It is impossible to see everything in one visit. We recommend planning your route beforehand. (该博物馆的藏品丰富多样，涵盖了超过两百万年的历史。一次参观不可能将所有展品都看遍。我们建议您事先规划好参观路线)”可知，导游建议游客在出行前决定先参观哪些展品。故选A。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Facilities部分“Limited wheelchairs can be borrowed free of charge from the main entrance, subject to availability.(数量有限轮椅可从正门免费借用，但需视实际情况而定)”可知，在“设施”部分中，“视情况而定”这一表述意味着如果有轮椅可用的话，就会提供给客人使用。故选B。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“This guide will provide you with essential information to make the most of your trip.(本指南将为您提供必要的信息，助您充分利用此次旅行)”结合这篇指南介绍了大英博物馆的开放时间、免费入场政策、参观建议与馆内设施，帮助游客更好地规划行程、充分参观。可知，这篇文章的主要目的是为潜在游客提供实用的信息。故选C。 (B) When I was ten, my family moved to a small house on the edge of town. Behind the house was an abandoned garden, overgrown with weeds and bushes. To me, it looked like a jungle, messy and wild. My father, however, saw it differently. “This,” he said with a smile, “is where we’ll grow something beautiful.” At first, I didn’t believe him. The garden seemed hopeless. But my father handed me a pair of gloves and a small tool. “Let’s start small,” he said. With some hesitation, I followed him outside, where we spent hours pulling weeds, turning the soil, and clearing the rocks. My hands hurt, and the summer sun was very hot, but my father never complained. “Gardens,” he said, “are like people. They just need a little care to grow.” As the weeks passed, I began to see the changes. The soil became soft and rich, and we planted seeds—tiny things that looked like they could never survive. But my father was patient. Every morning, we watered the garden together, watching and waiting. Slowly, green shoots began to appear, reaching for the sky. It was magical, as if life itself were unfolding before my eyes. The garden, once lifeless, began to come alive again, and so did I. One day, a big storm rolled in. The wind roared, and the rain hit hard against the windows. I worried about the garden, but my father reassured me. “The plants are stronger than you think,” he said. The morning after the storm, I ran outside, expecting to find the garden ruined. Instead, I saw the plants standing tall, shining with drops of water. They had made it through the storm, just as my father had said. By the end of summer, the garden was full of life—bright flowers, leafy greens, and even a few tomatoes. My father and I stood together, admiring our work. “You see,” he said, “it’s not just about the garden. It’s about what you learn along the way—patience, strength, and the joy of creating something with your own hands.” Years later, I still remember that little garden. Whenever life feels difficult, I think of those tiny seeds and the way they grew, even when it seemed impossible. And I remind myself that, like the garden, I can grow too—with a little care and a lot of patience. The lessons from that summer remain with me, helping me face challenges and reminding me of the beauty in hard work. 41. What does the father’s reaction to the garden reveal about his personality? A. He tends to avoid difficult situations. B. He focuses on quick results rather than long-term effort. C. He feels doubtful about fixing the garden. D. He sees potential in challenging circumstances. 42. Why did the author hesitate to help their father at first? A. The author thought the garden was beyond saving. B. The author lacked experience in gardening. C. The author was worried about the physical effort required. D. The author preferred spending time indoors. 43. Why does the author describe the garden as “coming alive again” in Paragraph 3? A. The garden began to grow without their help. B. The author started to see signs of life in the garden. C. The garden returned to its original condition. D. The author felt discouraged by the slow progress. 44. What does the underlined word “roared” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Spoke in a soft voice. B. Made a loud sound. C. Moved quietly. D. Shook slightly. 45. What is the author’s key takeaway from the gardening experience? A. Nature is unpredictable and uncontrollable. B. Teamwork matters most for reaching goals. C. Success depends entirely on favorable conditions. D. Personal growth comes from consistent care and effort. 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者十岁时和父亲一起改造废弃花园的经历：从最初觉得花园毫无希望，到通过耐心照料让它长满花草果蔬，再到花园经受住暴风雨的考验。作者最终领悟到，人和花园一样，在持续的付出与耐心等待中，就能实现成长，克服人生的困难。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was ten, my family moved to a small house on the edge of town. Behind the house was an abandoned garden, overgrown with weeds and bushes. To me, it looked like a jungle, messy and wild. My father, however, saw it differently. “This,” he said with a smile, “is where we’ll grow something beautiful.”(在我十岁那年，我们家搬到了镇边的一座小房子里。房子后面有一个废弃的花园，杂草丛生，长满了灌木丛。在我看来，那简直就是一个杂乱而荒凉的丛林。然而，父亲却有不同的看法。“这里，”他笑着说道，“是我们要种下美丽事物的地方。”)”可推知，父亲能在看似棘手的处境中发现潜在价值。故选D项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“At first, I didn’t believe him. The garden seemed hopeless.( 起初，我不相信他的话。那个花园看起来毫无希望。)”可知，作者认为花园已经无法挽救，所以才会犹豫。故选A项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“As the weeks passed, I began to see the changes. The soil became soft and rich, and we planted seeds—tiny things that looked like they could never survive. But my father was patient. Every morning, we watered the garden together, watching and waiting. Slowly, green shoots began to appear, reaching for the sky. It was magical, as if life itself were unfolding before my eyes. The garden, once lifeless, began to come alive again, and so did I.( 随着日子一天天过去，我开始看到变化。土壤变得松软肥沃，我们播下了种子——那些看起来根本无法存活的小东西。但父亲很耐心。每天早上，我们都会一起给花园浇水，观察着、等待着。慢慢地，绿色的嫩芽开始出现，向上伸展着。这真是太神奇了，仿佛生命就在我的眼前展开。那个曾经毫无生机的花园又重新焕发生机了，我也一样。)”可推知，作者将花园描述为“又恢复了生机”是因为作者开始在花园中看到了生机的迹象。故选B项。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“The wind…, and the rain hit hard against the windows.( 狂风……，雨水猛烈地拍打着窗户。)”可知，该词描述暴风雨中的风，后文提到“雨点猛烈地打在窗户上”，说明暴风雨的威力很大。因此“roared”在这里指风发出巨大的声响。B选项Made a loud sound.“发出响亮的声音”。符合语境。故选B项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And I remind myself that, like the garden, I can grow too—with a little care and a lot of patience. The lessons from that summer remain with me, helping me face challenges and reminding me of the beauty in hard work.( 我也会提醒自己，就像花园一样，我也能够成长——只要有一点点的细心照料和大量的耐心。那个夏天的教训一直伴随着我，帮助我面对挑战，并提醒我努力工作中的美好之处。)”可推知，作者从这次园艺经历中得出的主要启示是个人成长源于持续的照料和努力。故选D项。 (C) Everybody knows the feeling of being unable to make a certain life choice because circumstances don’t allow it. Maybe you think you can’t end an unhappy marriage because of the emotional impact on your loved ones, or that you can’t leave a disappointing career because of the financial cost. On a more ordinary level, you might feel that you can’t spend half an hour working on a creative project because there are too many emails to answer or too many household chores to complete. These are valid concerns, but the truth is, it’s almost never literally the case that you have to meet a deadline, answer an email, or fulfill a family obligation (义务、责任). As Sheldon B. Kopp noted, you’re free to do whatever you like — you just need to face the consequences. Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path. Spending a week in Rome means not spending that same week in Paris. Avoiding a conflict in the short-term means letting a bad situation worsen. As economist Thomas Sowell said, “There are no solutions, only trade-offs.” Relaxing in a messy home, as Laura Vanderkam suggests, might mean tolerating some discomfort about untidied toys, but it’s rarely worth worrying out. Most consequences we face aren’t really worth the stress. However, you can’t wriggle free of the costs of your choice — that’s never an option. It means realizing that nothing can stop you from doing anything at all, as long as you’re willing to pay the price. For example, quitting your job might lead to financial insecurity, and ignoring emails might irritate a colleague. Even these unpleasant realities don’t change the fact that choice is about weighing trade-offs. Most of us tend to exaggerate potential consequences to avoid bold choices. Philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre observed that there’s a comfort in believing you have no options because it’s easier to feel trapped than to face the responsibilities of freedom. Once you begin to approach life as a matter of trade-offs, it becomes easier to say no to things you might not previously have dared to turn down. Ultimately, freedom isn’t about avoiding limitations but embracing them. It means examining the trade-offs —because there will always be trade-offs — and choosing the one you’re willing to accept. True freedom lies not in escaping responsibilities but in deciding which responsibilities to take on. 46. Why does the author argue that people often feel unable to make certain life choices? A. They are forced by external factors to avoid making decisions. B. They think others will solve their problems for them. C. They believe circumstances leave them with no options. D. They prioritize long-term consequences over immediate actions. 47. Why does the author believe that “trade-offs” are unavoidable in life, according to the second paragraph? A. Because every choice comes with a cost. B. Because people are afraid of short-term conflicts. C. Because making choices complicates life. D. Because people need to follow social rules. 48. What does the underlined phrase “wriggling free of the costs of your choice” in Paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. Refusing to make trade-offs or sacrifices. B. Gaining freedom without facing limitations. C. Making decisions without considering their consequences. D. Escaping the responsibilities associated with making a choice. 49. What is the author’s perspective on freedom as mentioned in the passage? A. Freedom comes from refusing to take any risks. B. True freedom is being free from obligations and responsibilities. C. Freedom is achievable when others understand your decisions. D. Freedom means examining trade-offs and making choices despite limitations. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Freedom means avoiding potential consequences. B. Every choice involves trade-offs and consequences. C. People shouldn’t prioritize personal freedom over obligations. D. Life is full of unavoidable limitations that prevent true freedom. 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人生中的选择和后果。它指出，尽管我们常常因为担心后果而犹豫不决，但实际上每个选择都伴随着权衡。我们不能逃避选择带来的后果，但我们可以决定我们愿意承担哪些后果。文章引用了多位思想家的观点，强调了自由不是逃避责任，而是在于选择我们愿意承担的责任。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Everybody knows the feeling of being unable to make a certain life choice because circumstances don’t allow it.(每个人都知道因为环境不允许而无法做出某种生活选择的感觉)”可知，作者认为人们常常感到无法做出某些生活选择是因为他们相信环境让他们别无选择，故选C。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path.(结果是不可选择的。每个选择都伴随着某种权衡，因为在任何时刻，你只能选择一条路径)”可知，作者认为生活中的“权衡”是不可避免的，因为在任何时刻，你只能选择一条路径，必须付出代价。故选A。 【48题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“However, you can’t wriggle free of the costs of your choice — that’s never an option. It means realizing that nothing can stop you from doing anything at all, as long as you’re willing to pay the price. For example, quitting your job might lead to financial insecurity, and ignoring emails might irritate a colleague. Even these unpleasant realities don’t change the fact that choice is about weighing trade-offs.(然而，你不能逃避你选择的成本——这永远不是一个选择。它意味着意识到没有什么能阻止你做任何事情，只要你愿意付出代价。例如，辞职可能会导致财务不稳定，忽略电子邮件可能会激怒同事。即使这些不愉快的现实也不能改变选择是权衡取舍的事实)”可知，辞职可能会导致财务不稳定，忽略电子邮件可能会激怒同事，说明无法逃避选择所带来的责任。故划线词意思是“逃避与做出选择相关的责任”。故选D。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, freedom isn’t about avoiding limitations but embracing them. It means examining the trade-offs —because there will always be trade-offs — and choosing the one you’re willing to accept.(最终，自由不是要避免限制，而是要拥抱限制。这意味着要权衡取舍——因为总会有取舍——然后选择你愿意接受的那个)”可知，作者对自由的看法是自由意味着尽管有限制也要权衡利弊并做出选择，故选D。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“As Sheldon B. Kopp noted, you’re free to do whatever you like — you just need to face the consequences.(正如Sheldon B. Kopp所指出的，你可以自由地做任何你喜欢的事情——你只需要面对后果)”以及第二段“Consequences aren’t optional. Every choice comes with some sort of trade-off (权衡), because at any instant, you can only pick one path.(结果是不可选择的。每个选择都伴随着某种权衡，因为在任何时刻，您只能选择一条路径)”结合本文探讨了人生中的选择和后果。我们常常因为担心后果而犹豫不决，但实际上每个选择都伴随着权衡。我们不能逃避选择带来的后果，但我们可以决定我们愿意承担哪些后果，强调了自由不是逃避责任，而是在于选择我们愿意承担的责任。通过接受生活中的权衡，我们可以更自由地做出选择，即使这些选择可能带来一些不愉快的后果。因此可知，这篇文章的主旨是每个选择都涉及权衡和后果。故选B。 第二部分：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 “Where are you going to college?” “I’m going to my local community college.” My answer seemed to be the magic phrase that would wipe the smile right off many people’s faces. It’s clear that people have a lot of misconceptions (误解) about community colleges. Many people think community colleges are only for people who couldn’t get into a four-year school. But it is not true. In high school, I always got A’s. But when it came to applying to colleges, I had no idea what I wanted to major in and couldn’t justify spending thousands of dollars at a 4-year school until I knew what I wanted to do. My parents were very supportive of my decision to attend the community college. Some people will ask, “Since the community college is cheaper, will you get a good education?” I found that nearly all of my professors taught the same courses at 4-year colleges. My professors were knowledgeable and experienced, and I found many of the courses challenging. Some people think if I attend the community college, I will miss out on the “college experience”. I must admit that this is something I worried about a great deal the summer before college. But I soon learned that the community college, just like any other college, is what you make of it. I strived to make the most of my time at the community college. I also made tons of friends by joining clubs and attending student government meetings. I took a lot of different courses. I had an amazing professor who suggested I take her journalism class. Never having written for my high school newspapers, I dared not take it, but since she was so enthusiastic, I eventually decided to have a try. That one course was all it took for me to realize that I wanted to become a journalist. I look forward to graduating this May to pursue a career in broadcast journalism. Community colleges may not be for everyone, but for me it is a life-changing experience that has helped me discover who I am and the person I hope to become. 51. What was the author’s parents’ attitude towards his/her decision about attending the community college? (no more than 5 words) 52. What does the underlined part “miss out on” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word) 53. How did the author make friends at community college? (no more than 12 words) 54. Why daren’t the author take the journalism class at first? (no more than 12 words) 55. In your opinion, what kind of effect does attending the community college have on the author? (no more than 15 words) 【答案】51. They supported his/her decision. 52. Lack. 53. By joining clubs and attending student government meetings. 54. Because the author never wrote for his or her high school newspaper. 55. Attending the community college helps the author discover who he/she is and will become. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，人们对社区大学有很多误解，作者用自己上社区大学的切身经历告诉我们社区大学和其他大学没什么不同。 【51题详解】 根据第二段中的“My parents were very supportive of my decision to attend the community college.”可知，作者的父母非常支持他（她）上社区大学的决定，故填They supported his/her decision。 【52题详解】 上文说人们对社区大学有很多误解，在根据画线词后的“But I soon learned that the community college, just like any other college, is what you make of it. I strived to make the most of my time at the community college.”可知，但很快作者就发现社区大学和其他大学一样，作者努力充分利用在社区大学的时间，由此可知，此处是说有些人认为如果上社区大学，就会缺少大学的经历，故画线词词义为“缺少”，故填Lack。 【53题详解】 根据第四段中的“I also made tons of friends by joining clubs and attending student government meetings.”可知，作者通过参加社团和学生会会议交了很多朋友，故填By joining clubs and attending student government meetings。 【54题详解】 根据最后一段中的“Never having written for my high school newspapers, I dared not take it,”可知，作者一开始害怕上新闻学课是因为他（她）高中时从未给校报写过文章，故填Because the author never wrote for his or her high school newspaper。 【55题详解】 第四段说作者充分利用社区大学的时间并结交了很多朋友，再根据最后一段中的“That one course was all it took for me to realize that I wanted to become a journalist.”可知，新闻学课让作者认识到他（她）想当一名记者，也就是说上社区大学让作者认识到自己是谁以及以后想要成为谁，故填Attending the community college helps the author discover who he/she is and will become。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $