精品解析：天津市蓟州区第一中学2026-2027学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷

2026-2027学年高三年级第一次自主检测 英语学科 第一部分：听力（共15小题，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分；满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did the man leave his wallet? A. In his pocket. B. Beside the cash register. C. Under the counter. 2. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny. 3. What does Graham do now? A. A TV host. B. A reporter. C. A bank clerk. 4. What does the woman want to do? A. Change a room. B. Check in a hotel. C. Meet the manager. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Journalism courses. B. Part-time jobs. C. School papers. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Which year of college is the woman in? A. The first year. B. The second year. C. The third year. 7. What tour did the man go on two years ago? A. A bike tour. B. A bus tour. C. A walking tour. 8. What did the woman bring to her tour? A. A tyre. B. A helmet. C. A lock. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. Which city produces the most waste per day? A. New York. B. Tokyo. C. Los Angeles. 10. What does the man say takes the longest time to break down? A. Plastic bottles. B. Glass. C. Tin cans. 11. What are the speakers probably doing? A. Doing a presentation. B. Holding a meeting. C. Collecting the data. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What was Hemingway’s first job after high school? A. A soldier. B. A reporter. C. A driver. 13. Where did Hemingway live after World War I? A. In Spain. B. In America. C. In France. 14. Which of the following books is about the Spanish Civil War? A. A Farewell to Arms. B. For Whom the Bell Tolls. C. The Sun Also Rises. 15. Why couldn’t Hemingway receive the Nobel Prize in person? A. His health was too poor. B. He had a plane crash on the way. C. His father committed suicide. 第二部分：单选（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. — Would you like to play football with me? — ________ I think it’s boring. A. It’s up to you. B. Why not? C. It’s not my cup of tea. D. Good idea. 2. They sent people to clean and ________ the hospitals’ sewers (下水道). A. disinfect B. infect C. decorate D. spread 3. It remains to be seen ________ the new traffic regulations will adapt to the actual situation after they are issued. A. which B. whether C. what D. that 4. We cannot ________ that our flights will not be delayed due to heavy rain. A. persuade B. calculate C. guarantee D. deserve 5. ________ costs, the company laid off its entire Human Resources Department. A. Cut B. Being cut C. To cut D. Having been cut 6. When I lived in Italy, I ________ often eat in the restaurant next to my flat. A. would B. should C. must D. might 7. Environmental groups, encouraged by these positive examples, have begun to talk about much more ______ projects. A. suspicious B. ambitious C. obvious D. conscious 8. Due to the impact of the epidemic, the wedding originally scheduled for last Sunday was ________. A. called off B. set off C. worn off D. broken off 9. ________ the relationship between them has been very good so far, only time can prove to what extent it will develop in the future. A. When B. While C. If D. As 10. Compared to others, the fact that he didn’t speak a foreign language put him at a ________ disadvantage. A. external B. general C. distinct D. sensitive 11. The 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting held in Beijing was very successful, ________ made all the Chinese proud. A. that B. where C. which D. when 12. — I think we should get a new car. — ________. The car we have works fine. A. I feel the same way. B. That’s not the point. C. I beg to differ. D. I can’t agree more. 13. The festival provides us with an opportunity to hear some fine blues performers ________ reasonable prices. A. on B. at C. of D. to 14. Scientists claim that this technical ______ will save us much time and labor. It’s a breakthrough. A. innovation B. qualification C. expectation D. association 15. Nothing in my life ________ strong enough to stop me achieving my goals so far and I don’t think anything will be. A. have been B. has been C. are D. is 第三部分：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） My hero Paul grew up in Utah. As a boy, he lived near an old copper smelter(炼铜厂). The gas and smoke from it had turned what used to be a ____16____ into a wasteland. He felt upset and made a decision that someday he would____17____ it. He realized he needed to be more____18____ to make it, so he planned to further receive ____19____. Then he went to college to study botany, where he met an expert in ecology.____20____, he told Paul that the land he wanted to bring back was beyond hope. Despite the____21____,he stuck to his purpose and continued his life. Then he got a job operating heavy equipment, got married, and had some kids. But his ____22____ would not die. He kept____23____ the land. One night, he found proper trees to change it. So he got up and____24____ immediately. That was an important_____25_____ point. Under the cover of_____26_____, he slipped into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings(树苗)，and started _____27_____ them. Later on, Paul made his _____28_____ journey every week into the wasteland and planted trees and grass. Though most of them_____29_____, he didn’t give up. When a whole valley of his first seedlings burned to the ground, he broke down and_____30_____, but he wiped his tears and _____31_____ working. Year after year, he tried to grow plants, and kept at it against common sense. Slowly, creatures began to_____32_____. Now, the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and _____33_____ in birds and other animals. It has become a forest full of _______34_______again, and Paul has received Utah’s_____35_____ award. 16. A. factory B. forest C. college D. garden 17. A. describe B. sell C. empty D. restore 18. A. knowledgeable B. influential C. famous D. wealthy 19. A. rewards B. samples C. education D. treatment 20. A. Excitedly B. Calmly C. Illegally D. Unfortunately 21. A. goal B. hope C. blow D. service 22. A. dream B. curiosity C. sorrow D. embarrassment 23. A. renting B. studying C. owning D. drawing 24. A. acted B. succeeded C. waved D. cried 25. A. sleeping B. turning C. departure D. debate 26. A. darkness B. sunlight C. villagers D. soldiers 27. A. developing B. burying C. planting D. digging 28. A. desperate B. wasted C. comfortable D. secret 29. A. changed B. died C. grew D. flowered 30. A. wept B. argued C. nodded D. reflected 31. A. quit B. kept C. finished D. recommended 32. A. gave way B. found fault C. took root D. lost heart 33. A. lacking B. interested C. present D. rich 34. A. loss B. noise C. life D. fire 35. A. academic B. administrative C. experimental D. environmental 第四部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） A The best books for kids Hilo: The Boy Who Crashed to Earth Hilo doesn’t know where he’s from, why he fell out of the sky, what he’s doing on Earth — or why he can’t go to school in only his underwear. This series by Judd Winick is as funny as it is exciting, and tells the action-packed adventures of the boy robot who cares deeply about his human friends. Ages 5-12. Who Was? and What Was? series Think of each volume in this series as a history lesson for a child. The books cover everything from the Constitution to the Colosseum and Paul Revere to Pelé. The already detailed series continues to add titles — your little one can read up on just about any person, place or historical event. Ages 8 and up. Encyclopedia Brown series A children’s version of Sherlock Holmes this series by Donald J. Sobol satisfies curious readers through the stories of a young detective, Lery Brown. Nicknamed “Encyclopedia” for his vast range of knowledge, she welcomes neighborhood kids to present their cases in his garage (车库) before setting out to solve the mystery (谜). Ages 8-12. Holes One of the rare books to win both a Newbery Medal and a National Book Award, the story by Louis Sachar follows Stanley Yelnats as he fights with the curse (诅咒) that has followed his family for generations. The book with a mystery at its core is by turns funny, heartbreaking and deeply thoughtful. Ages 8-12. 36. What kind of book is the one suitable for 6-year-olds? A. Detective fiction. B. A folk tale. C. Science fiction. D. A horror story. 37. Which of the following should kids read if they want to learn some history? A. Hilo: The Boy Who Crashed to Earth. B. Who Was? and What Was? series. C. Encyclopedia Brown series. D. Holes. 38. What is Encyclopedia Brown series mainly about? A. The stories of Sherlock Holmes. B. The stories of Leroy Brown. C. The knowledge kids should know. D. The mystery of a detective’s garage. 39. What can we know about Stanley Yelnats? A. He fights with his family. B. There is a curse in his family. C. He is deeply thoughtful. D. He is 12 years old. 40. Whose book won two prizes? A. Judd Winick’s. B. Donald J. Sobol’s C. Leroy Brown’s. D. Louis Sachar’s. B When I was 12 years old, I already knew that my teen years were going to be the worst years of my life. I was a total outsider, bullied (欺凌) at school. I felt completely alone in my small town. But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive energy I shared, the more kindness and appreciation I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, specifically teenagers, and help them feel less alone. Books were my true friends back then. I was so thankful that the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life. One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me. After surviving terrible experiences at school and at home, I made a choice to take the optimistic, positive road in the next steps of my journey. My dream career, one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved, is what I am doing now. I have been a full-time author of teen novels since 2007 and am grateful for this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single day. Kindness saved me when I needed help the most. Even small acts of kindness can change someone’s life. You never know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness, you become an architect of positive change. 41. What was the author’s life like when he was 12? A. Boring. B. Peaceful. C. Unhappy. D. Meaningful. 42. How did the volunteer work benefit the author? A. It made him popular in his town. B. It helped him find the meaning of life. C. It helped him understand others’ lives better. D. It helped to shape his dream career. 43. Why did the author choose writing as his job? A. He was inspired by his teacher. B. He could pass positive energy to readers. C. He wanted to share his school experiences. D. He found he had a talent for writing. 44. What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph? A. Say “no” to bullies bravely. B. Make positive changes in their lives. C. Treat others with kindness in daily life. D. Learn to care more about others’ feelings. 45. What can we learn from the passage? A. The author live alone in her small town. B. Books can save everyone’s life. C. Kindness can change someone’s life. D. Terrible experiences would make a person feel more alone. C If I could give today’s young people three wishes, they would be: more hugs, more time outside in nature, more belief in their own power to change the world. The third one leaves some people wondering why young people’s belief in their own power is so essential. Let’s start with the idea that all of us – especially young people – need heroes. Our modern society is terribly confused about the difference between a celebrity and a hero. A celebrity is all about fame – temporary, superficial fame, usually for qualities that are easy to see: a pretty face, a great dance move, etc. A hero, by contrast, is about character- qualities under the surface that aren’t seen until they take action. Heroes are all around us. They truly hold our world together, through their unselfish devotion to helping others, teaching children, and protecting the environment. They don’t want fame, or glory; they just want to help. In so many ways, these unsung heroes pilot the boat in which all of us sail. Yet, young people hear a lot more about celebrities than about heroes in the media. The hidden message they get from all this is that their self-worth comes from what they buy – which shoes, which cell phone – not who they are down inside. What gets lost in this? Young people’s sense of their own potential for heroic qualities – their own power to – make a positive difference in the world. Truth is, there is a potential hero, a future difference maker, in every young person. How do we help young people believe in their own power? The best way is simply to share examples of other young people who have made a difference. Barbara grew up on a farm in Texas. When she realized that local farmers were pouring their used motor oil into rivers, causing pollution, she organised the creation of a recycling centre for crude oil (原油). Her project has grown to include 18 recycling centres in Texas. The list could continue. These are but a few examples of young people who have discovered that they can build on their own energy to do something great. 46. What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 2? A. To give examples of celebrities and heroes around us. B. To discuss the distinctions between celebrities and heroes. C. To illustrate the details about being celebrities and heroes. D. To explain the meanings of the words “celebrity” and “hero”. 47. What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 3? A. Heroes only help specific groups of people. B. Heroes want to be recognised for their work. C. Heroes play a vital role in keeping the world running. D. Heroes enjoy piloting boats to reach their destination. 48. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Heroes and celebrities are both valued today. B. Society doesn’t support the development of heroes. C. The media turns ordinary celebrities into real heroes. D. Young people don’t have the belief in their own strength. 49. How does the author advance his view that young people believe in their own power? A. By explaining the qualities that make a young person a hero. B. By comparing the achievements made by different young people. C. By giving examples of young people who show the qualities of a hero. D. By providing examples of qualities that have made young people famous. 50. What does the passage focus on? A. More heroes are needed in the world. B. Celebrities are reported too much in the media. C. Adults should become role models for young people. D. Young people should believe in their ability to make a difference. D There are various developments throughout the world. Among them, sustainable development is put great emphasis on. At present, sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the only measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives. To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed significantly throughout history, and will continue to do so. Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a primarily rural society with a much lower population density than it is today. It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it caused was typically localized. In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product, it was relatively inefficient. Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution, competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields. Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable. However, these changes have also led to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity. What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050, yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions. All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th. This will require people change the ways of thinking thoroughly, for example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more unavoidably more sustainable than new ones. We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static (静态的) measures of sustainability, which center on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation, one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used. There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting but we don’t know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity. What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production. 51. How do people often measure progress in agriculture? A. By its productivity. B. By its sustainability. C. By its impact on the environment. D. By its contribution to economic growth. 52. What does the author think of medieval farming practices? A. They aren’t necessarily sustainable. B. They are environmentally friendly. C. They have remained the same over the centuries. D. They have not kept pace with population growth. 53. What have specialization and the effort to increase yields resulted in? A. The shrinking of farmland. B. Competition from overseas. C. Localized pollution. D. The decrease of biodiversity. 54. What will agriculture be like in the 21st century? A. It will supply more animal products. B. It will go through immense changes. C. It will abandon traditional farming practices. D. It will cause zero damage to the environment. 55. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To remind people of the need of sustainable development. B. To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is. C. To advertise new criteria for measuring farming progress. D. To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production. 第II卷（满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I was on a motorcycle trip in Spain. The temperatures were above 40 degrees every day, and I would finish each day completely wet in sweat. One day, as I rode along a hilly road I spotted a cafe shaded by trees. I pulled in and had a rest. Sitting across from me was a large noisy family. When I finally decided to leave, they were leaving too. Suddenly, the mum approached me. I know some Spanish, but not enough to understand this woman. I eventually understood she was saying that I looked hot. “Yes, I am,” I said. She then told me her family would go swimming in a faraway river and asked if I would like to join them. After I accepted her invitation, she guided me down a path into the forest, across an ancient stone bridge, and onto a river beach. Her family were already in the water and I dived in. The water was a delight, cool and seeming to cling (紧贴) to my skin. I didn’t want to overstay my welcome so after ten minutes I dressed, said goodbye and walked back. I’ve wondered ever since why the mum did it. She could have just let me go on my own. But despite being surrounded by a noisy family, she’d noticed this lone stranger sweating away and knew she could help. I think it’s perhaps easier to be kind to strangers, especially those you don’t share a language with. This stranger — I wouldn’t recognize her even if I saw her again — also taught me the importance of kindness. I thought of her when a man with heavy suitcases asked me to show him the way to the way to the correct tube platform at a particularly complicated station. Of course I said even though I was already late. 56. What was the weather like that day? (no more than 3 words) ____________________________________ 57. What did the mum do after the author accepted the invitation? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________ 58. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 3? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________ 59. What lesson did the author learn from the mum? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________ 60. What kindness have you received from a strange? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 为了响应国家节能减排、绿色环保的号召，你校将组织一场以It’s up to all of us为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：（1）节能的紧迫性；（2）我们可以做的事；（3）号召大家行动起来。 注意：（1）词数不少于120；（2）格式已为你写好。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your listening. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高三年级第一次自主检测 英语学科 第一部分：听力（共15小题，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分；满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did the man leave his wallet? A. In his pocket. B. Beside the cash register. C. Under the counter. 2. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny. 3. What does Graham do now? A. A TV host. B. A reporter. C. A bank clerk. 4. What does the woman want to do? A. Change a room. B. Check in a hotel. C. Meet the manager. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Journalism courses. B. Part-time jobs. C. School papers. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. Which year of college is the woman in? A. The first year. B. The second year. C. The third year. 7. What tour did the man go on two years ago? A. A bike tour. B. A bus tour. C. A walking tour. 8. What did the woman bring to her tour? A. A tyre. B. A helmet. C. A lock. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. Which city produces the most waste per day? A. New York. B. Tokyo. C. Los Angeles. 10. What does the man say takes the longest time to break down? A. Plastic bottles. B. Glass. C. Tin cans. 11. What are the speakers probably doing? A. Doing a presentation. B. Holding a meeting. C. Collecting the data. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What was Hemingway’s first job after high school? A. A soldier. B. A reporter. C. A driver. 13. Where did Hemingway live after World War I? A. In Spain. B. In America. C. In France. 14. Which of the following books is about the Spanish Civil War? A. A Farewell to Arms. B. For Whom the Bell Tolls. C. The Sun Also Rises. 15. Why couldn’t Hemingway receive the Nobel Prize in person? A. His health was too poor. B. He had a plane crash on the way. C. His father committed suicide. 第二部分：单选（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. — Would you like to play football with me? — ________ I think it’s boring. A. It’s up to you. B. Why not? C. It’s not my cup of tea. D. Good idea. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际和习惯用语。句意：——你想和我一起踢足球吗？——这不是我的菜。 我觉得这很无聊。A. It’s up to you.这由你决定。B. Why not?为什么不呢？C. It’s not my cup of tea.不是我的菜/我对此事不感兴趣；D. Good idea!好主意！根据后文的答语“I think it’s boring.”可知，说话者对踢足球不感兴趣。故选C项。 2. They sent people to clean and ________ the hospitals’ sewers (下水道). A. disinfect B. infect C. decorate D. spread 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们派人去清理并给医院的下水道消毒。A.disinfect消毒；B.infect感染；C.decorate装饰，D.spread传播。根据上文“clean”可知，他们派人去清理并给医院的下水道消毒。故选A。 3. It remains to be seen ________ the new traffic regulations will adapt to the actual situation after they are issued. A. which B. whether C. what D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：新的交通法规发布后能否适应实际情况尚待观察。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，空处引导主语从句作真正的主语，根据句意和句子结构可知，从句不缺成分，需填入表示“是否”的连接词。故选B项。 4. We cannot ________ that our flights will not be delayed due to heavy rain. A. persuade B. calculate C. guarantee D. deserve 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们无法保证我们的航班不会因大雨而推迟。A. persuade说服；B. calculate计算；C. guarantee确保，保证；D. deserve值得。根据后文“that our flights will not be delayed due to heavy rain”可知，此处指无法保证航班不会因大雨而推迟。故选C。 5. ________ costs, the company laid off its entire Human Resources Department. A. Cut B. Being cut C. To cut D. Having been cut 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了削减成本，公司解雇了整个人力资源部门。根据后文“the company laid off its entire Human Resources Department”可知，空处应表达公司解雇员工的目的，故用不定式形式作目的状语。故选C。 6. When I lived in Italy, I ________ often eat in the restaurant next to my flat. A. would B. should C. must D. might 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：当我住在意大利的时候，我经常在我公寓旁边的餐厅吃饭。A. would过去常常；B. should应该；C. must必须；D. may可能。根据前文从句谓语动词lived可知，句子为一般过去时，空处需要选择一个合适的动词来表达过去的习惯性行为。故选A项。 7. Environmental groups, encouraged by these positive examples, have begun to talk about much more ______ projects. A. suspicious B. ambitious C. obvious D. conscious 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这些积极例子的鼓舞下，环保组织开始讨论更加雄心勃勃的项目。A. suspicious怀疑的；B. ambitious雄心勃勃的；C. obvious明显的；D. conscious有意识的。根据上下文逻辑，受到鼓舞后，环保组织讨论的项目应该是更大、更有雄心的，故选B。 8. Due to the impact of the epidemic, the wedding originally scheduled for last Sunday was ________. A. called off B. set off C. worn off D. broken off 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于疫情的影响，原定于上周日举行的婚礼被取消了。A.call off 取消；B. set off 出发，动身，使爆炸；C.worn off 逐渐消失，逐渐停止；D.break off 解散。根据“Due to the impact of the epidemic(受疫情影响)”可知，由于疫情的影响，婚礼被取消了。故选A。 9. ________ the relationship between them has been very good so far, only time can prove to what extent it will develop in the future. A. When B. While C. If D. As 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然他们之间的关系到目前为止一直很好，但只有时间才能证明它在未来会发展到什么程度。A. When当……时候；B. While虽然；C. If如果；D. As因为。根据“only time can prove to what extent it will develop in the future”可知，虽然他们之间的关系到目前为止一直很好，但是只有时间才能证明它在未来会发展到什么程度，应用while表示“虽然”引导该让步状语从句。故选B。 10. Compared to others, the fact that he didn’t speak a foreign language put him at a ________ disadvantage. A. external B. general C. distinct D. sensitive 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与其他人相比，他不会说外语这一事实使他处于明显的不利地位。A. external外部的；B. general一般的；C. distinct明显的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据前文“Compared to others, the fact that he didn’t speak a foreign language”可知，他不会说外语这一特定情况带来的明显劣势，distinct符合句意。故选C。 11. The 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting held in Beijing was very successful, ________ made all the Chinese proud. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：北京成功地举办了2014年APEC会议，这赢得了会员国的高度赞扬。从结构可知此处是非限制性定语从句，句中缺少主语，而且指代上句内容，用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选C。 12. — I think we should get a new car. — ________. The car we have works fine. A. I feel the same way. B. That’s not the point. C. I beg to differ. D. I can’t agree more. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我认为我们应该买一辆新车。——我不同意。我们的车很好用。A. I feel the same way.我有相同的感觉；B. That’s not the point.这不是重点；C. I beg to differ.恕我不敢苟同；D. I can’t agree more.再同意不过了。根据答语“The car we have works fine.”可知，第二人不同意第一人的观点，故选C项。 13. The festival provides us with an opportunity to hear some fine blues performers ________ reasonable prices. A. on B. at C. of D. to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：这个节日给了我们一个机会，以合理的价格听一些优秀的蓝调表演者的演出。固定搭配“at reasonable prices”意为“以合理的价格”，故选B。 14. Scientists claim that this technical ______ will save us much time and labor. It’s a breakthrough. A. innovation B. qualification C. expectation D. association 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家声称，这项技术创新将为我们节省大量时间和劳动力。这是一个突破。A. innovation创新；B. qualification资格；C. expectation期望；D. association联系。根据“ It’s a breakthrough”可知，突破应该是指这项技术创新。故选A项。 15. Nothing in my life ________ strong enough to stop me achieving my goals so far and I don’t think anything will be. A. have been B. has been C. are D. is 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，我生命中还没有任何事情强大到可以阻止我实现目标，我认为将来也不会有。根据时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知，句子应用现在完成时，nothing作主语，助动词用has。故选B项。 第三部分：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） My hero Paul grew up in Utah. As a boy, he lived near an old copper smelter(炼铜厂). The gas and smoke from it had turned what used to be a ____16____ into a wasteland. He felt upset and made a decision that someday he would____17____ it. He realized he needed to be more____18____ to make it, so he planned to further receive ____19____. Then he went to college to study botany, where he met an expert in ecology.____20____, he told Paul that the land he wanted to bring back was beyond hope. Despite the____21____,he stuck to his purpose and continued his life. Then he got a job operating heavy equipment, got married, and had some kids. But his ____22____ would not die. He kept____23____ the land. One night, he found proper trees to change it. So he got up and____24____ immediately. That was an important_____25_____ point. Under the cover of_____26_____, he slipped into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings(树苗)，and started _____27_____ them. Later on, Paul made his _____28_____ journey every week into the wasteland and planted trees and grass. Though most of them_____29_____, he didn’t give up. When a whole valley of his first seedlings burned to the ground, he broke down and_____30_____, but he wiped his tears and _____31_____ working. Year after year, he tried to grow plants, and kept at it against common sense. Slowly, creatures began to_____32_____. Now, the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and _____33_____ in birds and other animals. It has become a forest full of _______34_______again, and Paul has received Utah’s_____35_____ award. 16. A. factory B. forest C. college D. garden 17. A. describe B. sell C. empty D. restore 18. A. knowledgeable B. influential C. famous D. wealthy 19. A. rewards B. samples C. education D. treatment 20. A. Excitedly B. Calmly C. Illegally D. Unfortunately 21. A. goal B. hope C. blow D. service 22. A. dream B. curiosity C. sorrow D. embarrassment 23. A. renting B. studying C. owning D. drawing 24. A. acted B. succeeded C. waved D. cried 25. A. sleeping B. turning C. departure D. debate 26. A. darkness B. sunlight C. villagers D. soldiers 27. A. developing B. burying C. planting D. digging 28. A. desperate B. wasted C. comfortable D. secret 29. A. changed B. died C. grew D. flowered 30. A. wept B. argued C. nodded D. reflected 31. A. quit B. kept C. finished D. recommended 32. A. gave way B. found fault C. took root D. lost heart 33. A. lacking B. interested C. present D. rich 34. A. loss B. noise C. life D. fire 35. A. academic B. administrative C. experimental D. environmental 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是英雄Paul靠自己的努力，克服种种困难，将曾经的废墟变成了一片充满生机的森林，并因此获得了犹他州的环保奖。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它释放出的气体和烟雾把曾经的森林变成了荒地。A. factory 工厂；B. forest森林；C. college 大学；D. garden花园。根据下文中的“Later on, Paul made his ____13____ journey every week into the wasteland and planted trees and grass.”可知，此处指的是把过去曾经的“森林”变成了废墟。故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他感到不安，并决定有一天他会恢复它。A. describe描写；B. sell售卖；C. empty清空；D. restore复原。根据下文中的“____5____ , he told Paul that the land he wanted to bring back was beyond hope.”可知，专家告诉他，恢复是不可能的，由此可推断，此处指的是Paul打算“恢复”这片森林。故选D项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他意识到自己需要更有知识才能成功，所以他计划继续接受教育。A. knowledgeable博学的；B. influential有影响力的；C. famous 著名的；D. wealthy富有的。根据下文中的“Then he went to college to study botany,…”可知，他意识到要想成功，需要“知识渊博”。故选A项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他意识到自己需要更有知识才能成功，所以他计划继续接受教育。A. rewards 回报；B. samples样品；C. education教育；D. treatment对待，治疗。根据下文中的“Then he went to college to study botany,…”可知，此处指的是接受“教育”。故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他告诉Paul，他想要夺回的那块土地已经没有希望了。A. Excitedly激动的；B. Calmly冷静的；C. Illegally非法地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文中的“he told Paul that the land he wanted to bring back was beyond hope.”可知，有人告诉Paul回复这片森林是不可能的，对Paul来说应该是“不幸地”。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管受到打击，他仍然坚持自己的目标，继续他的生活。A. goal目的；B. hope希望；C. blow吹，刮，打击；D. service服务。根据上文中的“____5____ , he told Paul that the land he wanted to bring back was beyond hope.”可知，对Paul来说，不能恢复这片森林的信息对他来说是一个“打击”，但是他不管这个“打击”。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他的梦想不会破灭。A. dream梦想；B. curiosity好奇心；C. sorrow悲伤；D. embarrassment尴尬。结合语境以及空前的but可知，此处指的是他的“梦想”没灭。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续研究这片土地。A. renting租赁；B. studying研究；C. owning拥有；D. drawing绘画。根据下文中的“he found proper trees to change it.”可知，此处指的是“研究”土地，才有下文的发现。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他立刻站起来行动。A. acted行动；B. succeeded成功；C. waved挥舞；D. cried大喊。根据上文的“he got up”以及下文中的immediately可知，此处指的是他马上“行动”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个重要的转折点。A. sleeping睡觉；B. turning转折；C. departure出发；D. debate。根据下文中的“Now, the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and ____18____ in birds and other animals.”可知，经过Paul的不断努力，这里的森林又出现了，由此推断，此空指的是一个从无到有的“转折点”。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在夜幕的掩护下，他背着装满幼苗的背包溜进了荒地，开始种植。A. darkness黑暗；B. sunlight 阳光；C. villagers村庄；D. soldiers士兵。根据下文中的“he slipped into the wasteland”可知，他溜进去应该是借助着“暮色”掩护。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在夜幕的掩护下，他背着装满幼苗的背包溜进了荒地，开始种植。A. developing发展，开发；B. burying埋葬；C. planting种植；D. digging挖掘。根据下文中的“Later on, Paul made his ____13____ journey every week into the wasteland and planted trees and grass.”可知，后来每周种树和草可推断，此处指的是“种树”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，Paul每周都秘密地到荒地里去种树种草。A. desperate拼命的；B. wasted浪费；C. comfortable舒服的；D. secret秘密的。根据上文中的“Under the cover of ____11____ , he slipped into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings(树苗), and started ____12____ them.”可知，此处指的是他的“秘密”行动。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然大多数都死了，但他没有放弃。A. changed改变；B. died死亡；C. grew成长；D. flowered开花。根据下文中的“he didn’t give up”并结合选项可知，他没有放弃，说明前面是不妙的情况。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他种的第一批秧苗整个山谷都被烧成灰烬时，他痛哭起来，但他擦干眼泪，继续干活。A. wept哭泣；B. argued争辩；C. nodded点头；D. reflected反映。根据下文中的“but he wiped his tears”以及空前的并列动作“broke down”可知，此处应该是他“哭了”。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他种的第一批秧苗整个山谷都被烧成灰烬时，他痛哭起来，但他擦干眼泪，继续干活。A. quit放弃；B. kept保持，继续；C. finished完成；D. recommended推荐。根据“but he wiped his tears”可知，Paul是一个永不言弃的人，所以此处指的是他擦干泪水，“继续”工作。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，动物们开始在这里扎根。A. gave way让步；B. found fault挑剔；C. took root扎根；D. lost heart丧失信心。根据下文中的“Now, the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and ____18____ in birds and other animals.”可知，现在森林里有了动植物，所以此处指的是动物在这“扎了根”符合语境。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，这个地方有一万四千英亩的树木和草地，鸟类和其他动物也很多。A. lacking缺乏的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. present出席的；D. rich富有的。根据上文中的“the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass”这片土地上有了树木和草，所以会使得动物和鸟类“感兴趣”到这里来。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里又变成了一片充满生机的森林，Paul还获得了犹他州的环境奖。A. loss损失；B. noise噪音；C. life生命；D. fire火灾。根据上文中的“Now, the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and ____18____ in birds and other animals.”可知，这片土地上有树有草，有了鸟类和动物，由此推断，这里变成充满“生机”的森林。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里又变成了一片充满生机的森林，Paul还获得了犹他州的环境奖。A. academic学术上的；B. administrative行政的；C. experimental实验性的D. environmental环保的。结合语境可知，Paul是在努力地将一片废墟恢复成原来的森林，这是与环保相关的人物事迹，由此可知，此处指的是获得的是“环保类”的奖项。故选D项。 第四部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） A The best books for kids Hilo: The Boy Who Crashed to Earth Hilo doesn’t know where he’s from, why he fell out of the sky, what he’s doing on Earth — or why he can’t go to school in only his underwear. This series by Judd Winick is as funny as it is exciting, and tells the action-packed adventures of the boy robot who cares deeply about his human friends. Ages 5-12. Who Was? and What Was? series Think of each volume in this series as a history lesson for a child. The books cover everything from the Constitution to the Colosseum and Paul Revere to Pelé. The already detailed series continues to add titles — your little one can read up on just about any person, place or historical event. Ages 8 and up. Encyclopedia Brown series A children’s version of Sherlock Holmes this series by Donald J. Sobol satisfies curious readers through the stories of a young detective, Lery Brown. Nicknamed “Encyclopedia” for his vast range of knowledge, she welcomes neighborhood kids to present their cases in his garage (车库) before setting out to solve the mystery (谜). Ages 8-12. Holes One of the rare books to win both a Newbery Medal and a National Book Award, the story by Louis Sachar follows Stanley Yelnats as he fights with the curse (诅咒) that has followed his family for generations. The book with a mystery at its core is by turns funny, heartbreaking and deeply thoughtful. Ages 8-12. 36. What kind of book is the one suitable for 6-year-olds? A. Detective fiction. B. A folk tale. C. Science fiction. D. A horror story. 37. Which of the following should kids read if they want to learn some history? A. Hilo: The Boy Who Crashed to Earth. B. Who Was? and What Was? series. C. Encyclopedia Brown series. D. Holes. 38. What is Encyclopedia Brown series mainly about? A. The stories of Sherlock Holmes. B. The stories of Leroy Brown. C. The knowledge kids should know. D. The mystery of a detective’s garage. 39. What can we know about Stanley Yelnats? A. He fights with his family. B. There is a curse in his family. C. He is deeply thoughtful. D. He is 12 years old. 40. Whose book won two prizes? A. Judd Winick’s. B. Donald J. Sobol’s C. Leroy Brown’s. D. Louis Sachar’s. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要为孩子们提供了一系列书籍的简要介绍和适合的年龄段。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“This series by Judd Winick is as funny as it is exciting, and tells the action-packed adventures of the boy robot who cares deeply about his human friends. Ages 5-12. (贾德·威尼克的这个系列既有趣又刺激，讲述了一个男孩机器人的惊险刺激的冒险故事，他深深地关心着他的人类朋友。年龄：5-12岁)” 可知，《希洛：坠落地球的男孩》这本书适合六岁的孩子，故选C项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Think of each volume in this series as a history lesson for a child. (把这一系列的每一卷都看作是孩子的历史课)”可知，Who Was? and What Was? series是关于历史的，故选B项。 【38题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“A children’s version of Sherlock Holmes this series by Donald J. Sobol satisfies curious readers through the stories of a young detective, Lery Brown. (唐纳德·J·索博尔的《夏洛克·福尔摩斯探案集》是一部儿童版的侦探小说，通过讲述年轻侦探莱利·布朗的故事来满足好奇的读者)”可知，百科全书布朗系列主要是关于莱利·布朗的故事。故选B项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of the rare books to win both a Newbery Medal and a National Book Award, the story by Louis Sachar follows Stanley Yelnats as he fights with the curse (诅咒) that has followed his family for generations. (作为赢得纽伯瑞奖章和国家图书奖的罕见书籍之一，路易斯·萨查尔的故事讲述了斯坦利·耶尔纳茨与跟随他家族几代人的诅咒斗争的故事)”可知，斯坦利·耶尔纳茨的家族有一个诅咒。故选B项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of the rare books to win both a Newbery Medal and a National Book Award, the story by Louis Sachar follows Stanley Yelnats as he fights with the curse (诅咒) that has followed his family for generations. (作为赢得纽伯瑞奖章和国家图书奖的罕见书籍之一，路易斯·萨查尔的故事讲述了斯坦利·耶尔纳茨与跟随他家族几代人的诅咒斗争的故事)”可知，路易斯·萨查尔的书获得了两个奖项。故选D项。 B When I was 12 years old, I already knew that my teen years were going to be the worst years of my life. I was a total outsider, bullied (欺凌) at school. I felt completely alone in my small town. But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive energy I shared, the more kindness and appreciation I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, specifically teenagers, and help them feel less alone. Books were my true friends back then. I was so thankful that the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life. One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me. After surviving terrible experiences at school and at home, I made a choice to take the optimistic, positive road in the next steps of my journey. My dream career, one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved, is what I am doing now. I have been a full-time author of teen novels since 2007 and am grateful for this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single day. Kindness saved me when I needed help the most. Even small acts of kindness can change someone’s life. You never know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness, you become an architect of positive change. 41. What was the author’s life like when he was 12? A. Boring. B. Peaceful. C. Unhappy. D. Meaningful. 42. How did the volunteer work benefit the author? A. It made him popular in his town. B. It helped him find the meaning of life. C. It helped him understand others’ lives better. D. It helped to shape his dream career. 43. Why did the author choose writing as his job? A. He was inspired by his teacher. B. He could pass positive energy to readers. C. He wanted to share his school experiences. D. He found he had a talent for writing. 44. What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph? A. Say “no” to bullies bravely. B. Make positive changes in their lives. C. Treat others with kindness in daily life. D. Learn to care more about others’ feelings. 45. What can we learn from the passage? A. The author live alone in her small town. B. Books can save everyone’s life. C. Kindness can change someone’s life. D. Terrible experiences would make a person feel more alone. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. B 44. C 45. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己参加志愿活动的经历，告诉人们：一次小善举可能改变一个人的一生。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“I was a total outsider, bullied (欺凌) at school. I felt completely alone in my small town.(我完全是个局外人，在学校里受人欺负。在我的小镇上，我感到非常孤独)”可推知，作者在12岁时是非常不开心的。故选C项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness made me feel like my life had a greater purpose.(但是当我14岁开始做志愿者工作时，我把我的问题变成了帮助别人的热情。实践善良的机会让我觉得我的生活有了一个更大的目标)”可知，志愿者工作帮助作者找到了人生的意义。故选B项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Books were my true friends back then. I was so thankful that the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life. One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me.(那时，书是我真正的朋友。我非常感谢作者们写了这些书。他们送我书的好意救了我的命。我最大的梦想之一是成为一名作家，这样我就可以写书，像那些书帮助我一样帮助其他青少年)”可知，作者选择成为一名作家，是因为他可以像那些作者一样通过书把善良传递给读者。故选B项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“You never know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness, you become an architect of positive change.(你永远不知道别人在经历什么。但是通过每天练习善良，你会成为积极改变的建筑师)”可推知，作者建议我们在日常生活中善待他人。故选C项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Kindness saved me when I needed help the most. Even small acts of kindness can change someone’s life.(善良在我最需要帮助的时候拯救了我。即使是小小的善举也能改变一个人的生活)”可推知，我们能从文章中了解到善良可以改变一个人的生活。故选C项。 C If I could give today’s young people three wishes, they would be: more hugs, more time outside in nature, more belief in their own power to change the world. The third one leaves some people wondering why young people’s belief in their own power is so essential. Let’s start with the idea that all of us – especially young people – need heroes. Our modern society is terribly confused about the difference between a celebrity and a hero. A celebrity is all about fame – temporary, superficial fame, usually for qualities that are easy to see: a pretty face, a great dance move, etc. A hero, by contrast, is about character- qualities under the surface that aren’t seen until they take action. Heroes are all around us. They truly hold our world together, through their unselfish devotion to helping others, teaching children, and protecting the environment. They don’t want fame, or glory; they just want to help. In so many ways, these unsung heroes pilot the boat in which all of us sail. Yet, young people hear a lot more about celebrities than about heroes in the media. The hidden message they get from all this is that their self-worth comes from what they buy – which shoes, which cell phone – not who they are down inside. What gets lost in this? Young people’s sense of their own potential for heroic qualities – their own power to – make a positive difference in the world. Truth is, there is a potential hero, a future difference maker, in every young person. How do we help young people believe in their own power? The best way is simply to share examples of other young people who have made a difference. Barbara grew up on a farm in Texas. When she realized that local farmers were pouring their used motor oil into rivers, causing pollution, she organised the creation of a recycling centre for crude oil (原油). Her project has grown to include 18 recycling centres in Texas. The list could continue. These are but a few examples of young people who have discovered that they can build on their own energy to do something great. 46. What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 2? A. To give examples of celebrities and heroes around us. B. To discuss the distinctions between celebrities and heroes. C. To illustrate the details about being celebrities and heroes. D. To explain the meanings of the words “celebrity” and “hero”. 47. What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 3? A. Heroes only help specific groups of people. B. Heroes want to be recognised for their work. C. Heroes play a vital role in keeping the world running. D. Heroes enjoy piloting boats to reach their destination. 48. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Heroes and celebrities are both valued today. B. Society doesn’t support the development of heroes. C. The media turns ordinary celebrities into real heroes. D. Young people don’t have the belief in their own strength. 49. How does the author advance his view that young people believe in their own power? A. By explaining the qualities that make a young person a hero. B. By comparing the achievements made by different young people. C. By giving examples of young people who show the qualities of a hero. D. By providing examples of qualities that have made young people famous. 50. What does the passage focus on? A. More heroes are needed in the world. B. Celebrities are reported too much in the media. C. Adults should become role models for young people. D. Young people should believe in their ability to make a difference. 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过一些事例表明了年轻人相信自己改变世界的力量是多么的重要。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Our modern society is terribly confused about the difference between a celebrity and a hero.”（我们的现代社会对于名人和英雄之间的区别非常困惑。）可知，作者说出我们对“名人和英雄的区别”很困惑，所以接下来讲到了“A celebrity is all about fame – temporary, superficial fame, usually for qualities that are easy to see: a pretty face, a great dance move, etc. A hero, by contrast, is about character- qualities under the surface that aren’t seen until they take action.”（名人就是名声——暂时的、肤浅的名声，通常是因为那些显而易见的品质：漂亮的脸蛋、出色的舞姿等等。相比之下，英雄是关于性格的——只有在他们采取行动之前才会被发现的表面之下的品质。）这是对区别的阐述，所以可推知整段文章其实就在讨论名人和英雄之间的区别。故选B项。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Heroes are all around us. They truly hold our world together, through their unselfish devotion to helping others, teaching children, and protecting the environment. They don’t want fame, or glory; they just want to help.”（英雄就在我们身边。他们无私地致力于帮助他人、教育孩子和保护环境，真正地将我们的世界团结在一起。他们不需要名声或荣耀；他们只是想帮忙。）可知，英雄无私地致力于帮助他人，真正地将我们的世界团结在一起，由此可推知，他们在维护世界方面起到了很重要的作用，因此划线部分为“英雄在维持世界运转方面起着至关重要的作用。”故选C项。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“What gets lost in this? Young people’s sense of their own potential for heroic qualities – their own power to – make a positive difference in the world.”（这其中遗漏了什么？年轻人意识到自己具有英雄品质的潜力——他们自己的力量——对世界产生积极的影响。）可推知，年轻人在自我能力上产生了迷失，他们对自己改变世界的力量没有信心。故选D项。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“How do we help young people believe in their own power? The best way is simply to share examples of other young people who have made a difference.”（我们如何帮助年轻人相信自己的力量？最好的方法就是分享其他做出改变的年轻人的例子。）可知，作者想用分享年轻人用自己的力量做出有影响的事的例子，来论证自己的观点。接下来列举Barbara年轻人的事例，来说明年轻人具有成为英雄的潜力。再根据最后一段“The list could continue. These are but a few examples of young people who have discovered that they can build on their own energy to do something great.”（这样的例子还有很多。这些只是年轻人发现自己可以利用自己的精力做一些伟大事情的几个例子。）可知，作者就是用举例的方式来进一步阐述自己的观点。故选C项。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The third one leaves some people wondering why young people’s belief in their own power is so essential.”（第三个愿望让一些人疑惑，为什么年轻人相信自己的力量如此重要。）以及最后一段中“These are but a few examples of young people who have discovered that they can build on their own energy to do something great.”（这些只是年轻人发现自己可以利用自己的精力做一些伟大事情的几个例子。）可知，作者开头以“相信自己的力量”点题，结合第4题分析，文中列举了几个通过自己的力量做出改变的例子，结尾又以“自己的力量”与首段呼应，可知，整篇文章讲的是年轻人应该相信自己有能力做出有影响力有意义的事。故选 D项。 D There are various developments throughout the world. Among them, sustainable development is put great emphasis on. At present, sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the only measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives. To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed significantly throughout history, and will continue to do so. Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a primarily rural society with a much lower population density than it is today. It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it caused was typically localized. In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product, it was relatively inefficient. Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution, competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields. Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable. However, these changes have also led to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity. What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050, yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions. All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th. This will require people change the ways of thinking thoroughly, for example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more unavoidably more sustainable than new ones. We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static (静态的) measures of sustainability, which center on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation, one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used. There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting but we don’t know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity. What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production. 51. How do people often measure progress in agriculture? A. By its productivity. B. By its sustainability. C. By its impact on the environment. D. By its contribution to economic growth. 52. What does the author think of medieval farming practices? A. They aren’t necessarily sustainable. B. They are environmentally friendly. C. They have remained the same over the centuries. D. They have not kept pace with population growth. 53. What have specialization and the effort to increase yields resulted in? A. The shrinking of farmland. B. Competition from overseas. C. Localized pollution. D. The decrease of biodiversity. 54. What will agriculture be like in the 21st century? A. It will supply more animal products. B. It will go through immense changes. C. It will abandon traditional farming practices. D. It will cause zero damage to the environment. 55. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To remind people of the need of sustainable development. B. To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is. C. To advertise new criteria for measuring farming progress. D. To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production. 【答案】51. B 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了可持续农业发展，敦促人们重新思考真正的可持续性农业发展。 【51题详解】 细节理解题，根据第一段的“This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the only measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives. (在农业领域尤其如此，在没有正确认识历史和文化观点的情况下，可持续发展往往被视为衡量进步的唯一标准。)”可知可持续发展经常被认为是农业进步的标准，故选B。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a primarily rural society with a much lower population density than it is today. It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it caused was typically localized. In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product, it was relatively inefficient. (中世纪的北欧农业为当时人口密度远低于今天的农村社会提供衣食住行。它对生物多样性的影响很小，而且它造成的任何污染通常都是局部的。就能量使用和产品中捕获的营养物质而言，它的效率相对较低。)”和文章第五段“This will require people change the ways of thinking thoroughly, for example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more unavoidably more sustainable than new ones. (这需要人们彻底改变思维方式，例如，我们需要摆脱传统做法必然比新做法更不可避免更可持续的想法。)”可知，作者认为我们不能再认为传统耕作方式一定比新方式更具有可持续的特征，因此推断中世纪的耕作方式不一定是可持续的。故选A。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution, competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields. Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable. However, these changes have also led to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity. (与工业革命开始以来的农业相比，来自海外的竞争促使农民专业化并提高产量。在这一时期，食品变得更便宜、更安全、更可靠。然而，这些变化也导致了栖息地的丧失和生物多样性的减少。)”可知，专业化和提高产量的努力导致了生物多样性减少。故选D。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的“All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th. This will require people change the ways of thinking thoroughly, for example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more unavoidably more sustainable than new ones. (所有这些都意味着，21世纪的农业将与20世纪大不相同。这需要人们彻底改变思维方式，例如，我们需要摆脱传统做法必然比新做法更不可避免更可持续的想法。)”可知， 21世纪的农业生产和20世纪的截然不同，也就是说21世纪的农业生产将发生巨大的变化，我们应该彻底改变原有的想法，故选B。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章首段“There are various developments throughout the world. Among them, sustainable development is put great emphasis on. At present, sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. (世界各地都有各种各样的发展。其中，可持续发展受到高度重视。目前，可持续发展几乎适用于从能源到清洁水和经济增长的所有领域，因此很难质疑其背后的基本假设或该概念的使用方式。)”以及最后一段的“What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production. (关键是要认识到可持续农业不仅仅是可持续的粮食生产。)”并通读全文可知，本文讲述可持续发展（sustainable development），主要谈论农业生产的可持续发展问题，要意识到农业可持续发展并不仅仅是关于可持续的食物生产，因此推断文章的目的是敦促人们重新思考可持续农业是什么。故选B。 第II卷（满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I was on a motorcycle trip in Spain. The temperatures were above 40 degrees every day, and I would finish each day completely wet in sweat. One day, as I rode along a hilly road I spotted a cafe shaded by trees. I pulled in and had a rest. Sitting across from me was a large noisy family. When I finally decided to leave, they were leaving too. Suddenly, the mum approached me. I know some Spanish, but not enough to understand this woman. I eventually understood she was saying that I looked hot. “Yes, I am,” I said. She then told me her family would go swimming in a faraway river and asked if I would like to join them. After I accepted her invitation, she guided me down a path into the forest, across an ancient stone bridge, and onto a river beach. Her family were already in the water and I dived in. The water was a delight, cool and seeming to cling (紧贴) to my skin. I didn’t want to overstay my welcome so after ten minutes I dressed, said goodbye and walked back. I’ve wondered ever since why the mum did it. She could have just let me go on my own. But despite being surrounded by a noisy family, she’d noticed this lone stranger sweating away and knew she could help. I think it’s perhaps easier to be kind to strangers, especially those you don’t share a language with. This stranger — I wouldn’t recognize her even if I saw her again — also taught me the importance of kindness. I thought of her when a man with heavy suitcases asked me to show him the way to the way to the correct tube platform at a particularly complicated station. Of course I said even though I was already late. 56. What was the weather like that day? (no more than 3 words) ____________________________________ 57. What did the mum do after the author accepted the invitation? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________ 58. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 3? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________ 59. What lesson did the author learn from the mum? (no more than 10 words) ____________________________________ 60. What kindness have you received from a strange? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) ____________________________________ 【答案】56. Hot. 57. She guided the author to a river beach. 58. Those who don’t speak the same language. 59. Showing your kindness to strangers. 60. When I didn’t find any change on the bus, a kind stranger paid for me. 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者接受了一位陌生的善良的母亲的帮助，这位母亲也教会了作者向陌生人表达善意。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章开头的描述“The temperatures were above 40 degrees every day, and I would finish each day completely wet in sweat.( 每天的气温都在40度以上，我每天都会汗流浃背地结束。)”可知，天气非常热。 故答案为Hot。 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段的“After I accepted her invitation, she guided me down a path into the forest, across an ancient stone bridge, and onto a river beach.(我接受了她的邀请后，她带我沿着一条小路进入森林，穿过一座古老的石桥，来到河滩上。)”可知，作者接受邀请后，母亲带路到河边。故答案为She guided the author to a river beach. 【58题详解】 考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“I know some Spanish, but not enough to understand this woman. I eventually understood she was saying that I looked hot.(我懂一点西班牙语，但听不懂这个女人的话。我终于明白她是在说我看起来很热。)”以及画线句“I think it’s perhaps easier to be kind to strangers, especially those you don’t share a language with. (我认为对陌生人友善可能更容易，尤其是那些和你没有共同语言的人。)”可知，画线句说得是不讲同一种语言的人，故答案为Those who don’t speak the same language.。 【59题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章末段的“This stranger—I wouldn’t recognize her even if I saw her again—also taught me the importance of kindness. I thought of her when a man with heavy suitcases asked me to show him the way to the way to the correct tube platform at a particularly complicated station. Of course I said even though I was already late.( 这个陌生人——即使我再见到她，我也认不出她了——也教会了我善良的重要性。在一个特别复杂的车站，当一个提着沉重行李箱的男人让我告诉他怎么去正确的地铁站台时，我想起了她。我当然说了，尽管我已经迟到了。)”可知，作者从这位母亲那里学到了帮助陌生人，向他们表示善意。故答案为Showing your kindness to strangers. 【60题详解】 此处为开放性题目，言之有理即可。根据自身经历简述一个来自陌生人的善意经历即可。可以是当我在公共汽车上找不到零钱时，一位好心的陌生人替我付了钱，故答案为When I didn’t find any change on the bus, a kind stranger paid for me. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 为了响应国家节能减排、绿色环保的号召，你校将组织一场以It’s up to all of us为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：（1）节能的紧迫性；（2）我们可以做的事；（3）号召大家行动起来。 注意：（1）词数不少于120；（2）格式已为你写好。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your listening. 【答案】Dear fellow students, Nowadays, we can see obvious signs of energy shortage and environmental pollution around us. Non-renewable resources are being consumed at a fast speed, and the situation of energy conservation is far more urgent than we expected. There are small but effective things we can do in daily life. We can also sort rubbish properly to help recycle useful materials. We can turn off unused electrical equipment in time, choose public transport or walk for short trips, and avoid using single-use plastic products. These tiny acts, when combined, can make a huge difference to our environment. It is not a task for a single person but a shared responsibility for everyone. Let’s start with small details right now, and we can surely build a greener and more sustainable campus together. Thanks for your listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以学生身份写一篇主题为It’s up to all of us的英语演讲稿，介绍节能紧迫性、可行做法并号召大家行动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 明显的：obvious → evident 预料：expect → anticipate 紧迫的：urgent → pressing 共同的：shared → joint 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Let’s start with small details right now, and we can surely build a greener and more sustainable campus together. 拓展句：As long as we start with small details right now, we can surely build a greener and more sustainable campus together. 【点睛】【高分句型1】These tiny acts, when combined, can make a huge difference to our environment.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略) 【高分句型2】It is not a task for a single person but a shared responsibility for everyone.(运用了not...but...的平行对比结构连接并列的表语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $