Unit 3 Technology and Inventions 被动语态、构词法与过去分词作定语（核心语法精练）英语新教材北师大版九年级下册

Unit 3 Technology and Inventions 核心语法精练 （被动语态、构词法与过去分词作定语） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2 二、单项选择 2 三、完成句子 3 四、句型转换 3 三、综合提升 4 一、语法填空 4 二、语法选择 4 被动语态、构词法与过去分词用法速览 类别 核心规则 例句与提醒 一般现在时被动 am / is / are + 过去分词，表示经常性、普遍性的被动动作 例：Many new things are invented every year. 一般过去时被动 was / were + 过去分词，表示过去发生的被动动作 例：The bridge was built in 2008. 情态动词被动 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 例：It must be done today. 过去分词定语 单个过去分词前置，短语后置，表示被动或完成 例：works designed by students 例：a used car 构词法 invent→invention（物）/ inventor（人）/ inventive（形容词）； devolve→development；create→creative / creation 例：the development of AI 双宾语 give / show / offer / teach sb. sth. ＝ give sth. to sb. 例：He showed us many works. 常见错误 ① × are invent → are invented ② × a invention → an invention ③ × works design by → works designed by 先看主语与动词是主动还是被动关系 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.Many new technologies ________ (invent) by scientists in recent years. 2.This is a ________ (create) and useful invention that changes our life. 3.The engineer showed ________ (we) his new smart device yesterday. 4.Lots of new ________ (develop) in technology improve people’s living quality. 5.The tool ________ (design) by the worker is very practical for daily work. 6.He ________ (give) us a detailed introduction of the new invention just now. 二、单项选择。 1．Many useful things ________ by inventors all over the world. A．invent B. invented C. have been invented D. have invented 2．The scientist offered ________ a new technology to our school. A．us B. we C. our D. ours 3．This ________ (use) invention helps students study more efficiently. A．useful B. use C. useless D. using 4．The machine ________ last year has become popular in factories. A．invent B. invented C. inventing D. to invent 5．My teacher taught ________ how to make small inventions. A．mine B. me C. I D. my 6．The ________ (develop) of AI changes people’s way of life greatly. A．develop B. development C. developing D. developed 7．Many new functions ________ to this smart phone in the past two years. A．have added B. added C. have been added D. are adding 8．He designed a small robot ________ his little sister as a gift. A．to B. for C. with D. of 9．The young inventor is very ________ (create) and always has new ideas. A．creative B. creation C. creat D. creatively 10．The book ________ by the famous scientist is popular among students. A．written B. writing C. write D. wrote 11．She showed me her new ________ (invent) at the science fair. A．invent B. invention C. inventor D. inventive 12．My father gave ________ a new smart watch as my birthday present. A．I B. my C. me D. mine 三、完成句子。 1．这位发明家向我们展示了他的最新发明。 The inventor ________ ________ his latest invention. 2．近几年许多新技术被研发出来。 Many new technologies ________ ________ ________ in recent years. 3．他为学生们设计了一款实用的学习工具。 He ________ a useful study tool ________ students. 4．创造力是发明家最重要的品质之一。 ________ is one of the most important qualities of an inventor. 5．这台被改良的机器大大提高了工作效率。 The ________ ________ has greatly improved working efficiency. 6．老师教给我们很多关于科技发明的知识。 The teacher ________ ________ much knowledge about technology and inventions. 7．科技的发展让我们的生活越来越便利。 The ________ ________ technology makes our life more and more convenient. 8．科学家给了人类更多探索世界的机会。 Scientists ________ humans more chances to explore the world. 四、句型转换。 1．The inventor showed us a new robot.（改为同义句） The inventor ________ a new robot ________ us. 2．Workers have invented many new devices.（改为被动语态） Many new devices ________ ________ ________ by workers. 3．He designed a gift for his teacher.（改为双宾语原版结构） He ________ his teacher a ________. 4．The useful tool was invented last year.（改为主动语态） Someone ________ the useful tool last year. 5．My mother bought me a new smart lamp.（改为同义句） My mother ________ a new smart lamp ________ me. 6．The creative boy created a small invention.（改为否定句） The creative boy ________ ________ a small invention. 一、语法填空（语篇词数：104 词） 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 Modern technology 1.____ (change) our life greatly in recent years. Lots of new 2.____ (invent) make our daily life easier and smarter. These products are all 3.____ (create) by hard‑working inventors. My science teacher often 4.____ (show) us new technological products and 5.____ (tell) us the stories behind them. Last week, he 6.____ (give) us a small smart device and taught us how to use it. The device 7.____ (design) to help students study more efficiently. We believe that the continuous 8.____ (develop) of technology will bring more surprises to humans. Every 9.____ (invent) needs careful thinking and endless practice. We should keep learning to make more useful inventions in the future. 二、语法选择（语篇词数：118 词） 通读短文，掌握大意，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Technology changes our life little by little. Many new things 1.____ in modern society every year. Some great inventors bring amazing changes to the world. A good inventor must be 2.____ and patient. They always try their best to improve old tools and develop new technologies. Last term, our science teacher 3.____ us how to make small inventions. He 4.____ us many works 5.____ by student inventors. These works are simple but useful. The 6.____ of teen invention makes us more interested in science. Now more new technologies 7.____ in our daily life. Scientists always 8.____ people new hope with their inventions. As students, we should learn more knowledge and keep practicing to become 9.____ in the future. 1.A．are invented B．invented C．have invented D．invent 2.A．create B．creative C．creativity D．creates 3.A．teach B．teaches C．taught D．will teach 4.A．show B．showed C．shows D．has shown 5.A．design B．designing C．designed D．designs 6.A．develop B．development C．developing D．developed 7.A．are used B．used C．use D．have used 8.A．give B．gives C．gave D．will give 9.A．invent B．inventions C．inventors D．inventive 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Technology and Inventions 核心语法精练 （被动语态、构词法与过去分词作定语） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 4 四、句型转换 5 三、综合提升 6 一、语法填空 6 二、语法选择 7 被动语态、构词法与过去分词用法速览 类别 核心规则 例句与提醒 一般现在时被动 am / is / are + 过去分词，表示经常性、普遍性的被动动作 例：Many new things are invented every year. 一般过去时被动 was / were + 过去分词，表示过去发生的被动动作 例：The bridge was built in 2008. 情态动词被动 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 例：It must be done today. 过去分词定语 单个过去分词前置，短语后置，表示被动或完成 例：works designed by students 例：a used car 构词法 invent→invention（物）/ inventor（人）/ inventive（形容词）； devolve→development；create→creative / creation 例：the development of AI 双宾语 give / show / offer / teach sb. sth. ＝ give sth. to sb. 例：He showed us many works. 常见错误 ① × are invent → are invented ② × a invention → an invention ③ × works design by → works designed by 先看主语与动词是主动还是被动关系 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.Many new technologies ________ (invent) by scientists in recent years. 【答案】have been invented 【解析】考查现在完成时被动语态，in recent years为现在完成时标志，technologies与invent为被动关系，复数主语对应have been done，贴合本单元V-ed过去分词与时态结合考点。 2.This is a ________ (create) and useful invention that changes our life. 【答案】creative 【解析】考查派生词构词法，修饰名词invention需用形容词，create的形容词形式为creative（有创造力的），符合单元构词考点。 3.The engineer showed ________ (we) his new smart device yesterday. 【答案】us 【解析】考查双宾语结构，动词show后接人称代词宾格作间接宾语，主格we对应宾格us，适配SVOO双宾语语法规则。 4.Lots of new ________ (develop) in technology improve people’s living quality. 【答案】developments 【解析】考查派生词构词法，new后接名词，develop的名词为development；lots of后接可数名词复数，故填developments。 5.The tool ________ (design) by the worker is very practical for daily work. 【答案】designed 【解析】考查V-ed过去分词作后置定语，tool与design为被动关系，用过去分词designed表被动、完成。 6.He ________ (give) us a detailed introduction of the new invention just now. 【答案】gave 【解析】考查双宾语动词时态，just now为一般过去时标志，give的过去式为gave，give sb. sth.为经典双宾语结构。 二、单项选择。 1．Many useful things ________ by inventors all over the world. A．invent B. invented C. have been invented D. have invented 【答案】C 【解析】考查现在完成时被动语态，things与invent被动关系，结合语境用现在完成时，选have been invented。 2．The scientist offered ________ a new technology to our school. A．us B. we C. our D. ours 【答案】A 【解析】考查双宾语结构，offer sb. sth.接双宾语，sb.用人称代词宾格us。 3．This ________ (use) invention helps students study more efficiently. A．useful B. use C. useless D. using 【答案】A 【解析】考查派生词用法，修饰名词invention需用形容词，结合句意“有用的发明”选useful。 4．The machine ________ last year has become popular in factories. A．invent B. invented C. inventing D. to invent 【答案】B 【解析】考查V-ed过去分词作后置定语，machine与invent被动关系，用invented修饰。 5．My teacher taught ________ how to make small inventions. A．mine B. me C. I D. my 【答案】B 【解析】考查双宾语结构，teach sb. sth.结构中sb.用宾格me。 6．The ________ (develop) of AI changes people’s way of life greatly. A．develop B. development C. developing D. developed 【答案】B 【解析】考查派生词，定冠词the后接名词，develop的名词形式为development。 7．Many new functions ________ to this smart phone in the past two years. A．have added B. added C. have been added D. are adding 【答案】C 【解析】考查V-ed被动完成用法，functions与add被动关系，in the past two years为现在完成时标志。 8．He designed a small robot ________ his little sister as a gift. A．to B. for C. with D. of 【答案】B 【解析】考查双宾语转换结构，design sth. for sb.为固定搭配，表“为某人制作某物”。 9．The young inventor is very ________ (create) and always has new ideas. A．creative B. creation C. creat D. creatively 【答案】A 【解析】考查派生词形容词作表语，be动词后接形容词creative。 10．The book ________ by the famous scientist is popular among students. A．written B. writing C. write D. wrote 【答案】A 【解析】考查V-ed过去分词作后置定语，book与write被动关系，用written。 11．She showed me her new ________ (invent) at the science fair. A．invent B. invention C. inventor D. inventive 【答案】B 【解析】考查派生词名词用法，new后接名词，invention表示“发明物”，贴合句意。 12．My father gave ________ a new smart watch as my birthday present. A．I B. my C. me D. mine 【答案】C 【解析】考查双宾语结构，give sb. sth.，sb.用宾格me。 三、完成句子。 1．这位发明家向我们展示了他的最新发明。 The inventor ________ ________ his latest invention. 【答案】showed us 【解析】考查双宾语固定结构show sb. sth.，贴合本单元SVOO核心考点。 2．近几年许多新技术被研发出来。 Many new technologies ________ ________ ________ in recent years. 【答案】have been developed 【解析】考查现在完成时被动语态，结合V-ed过去分词用法，适配科技类句式场景。 3．他为学生们设计了一款实用的学习工具。 He ________ a useful study tool ________ students. 【答案】designed; for 【解析】考查双宾语转换结构design sth. for sb.，贴合单元语法规则。 4．创造力是发明家最重要的品质之一。 ________ is one of the most important qualities of an inventor. 【答案】Creativity 【解析】考查派生词名词转换，creative对应名词creativity，句首首字母大写。 5．这台被改良的机器大大提高了工作效率。 The ________ ________ has greatly improved working efficiency. 【答案】improved machine 【解析】考查V-ed过去分词作前置定语，improved表“被改良的、已改进的”。 6．老师教给我们很多关于科技发明的知识。 The teacher ________ ________ much knowledge about technology and inventions. 【答案】taught us 【解析】考查双宾语结构teach sb. sth.，贴合单元核心语法。 7．科技的发展让我们的生活越来越便利。 The ________ ________ technology makes our life more and more convenient. 【答案】development of 【解析】考查派生词名词用法，develop的名词为development，the development of 为固定搭配。 8．科学家给了人类更多探索世界的机会。 Scientists ________ humans more chances to explore the world. 【答案】gave 【解析】考查双宾语动词give的用法，give sb. sth.，贴合单元考点。 四、句型转换。 1．The inventor showed us a new robot.（改为同义句） The inventor ________ a new robot ________ us. 【答案】showed; to 【解析】考查双宾语转换，show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.，为单元核心转换句型。 2．Workers have invented many new devices.（改为被动语态） Many new devices ________ ________ ________ by workers. 【答案】have been invented 【解析】考查现在完成时被动语态，主动变被动，have done变have been done，贴合V-ed考点。 3．He designed a gift for his teacher.（改为双宾语原版结构） He ________ his teacher a ________. 【答案】designed; gift 【解析】考查双宾语互换结构，design sth. for sb. = design sb. sth.。 4．The useful tool was invented last year.（改为主动语态） Someone ________ the useful tool last year. 【答案】invented 【解析】考查被动语态变主动语态，保留一般过去时，动词用过去式invented。 5．My mother bought me a new smart lamp.（改为同义句） My mother ________ a new smart lamp ________ me. 【答案】bought; for 【解析】考查双宾语固定搭配，buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.。 6．The creative boy created a small invention.（改为否定句） The creative boy ________ ________ a small invention. 【答案】didn’t create 【解析】考查一般过去时否定句，助动词didn’t后接动词原形create。 一、语法填空（语篇词数：104 词） 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。 Modern technology 1.____ (change) our life greatly in recent years. Lots of new 2.____ (invent) make our daily life easier and smarter. These products are all 3.____ (create) by hard‑working inventors. My science teacher often 4.____ (show) us new technological products and 5.____ (tell) us the stories behind them. Last week, he 6.____ (give) us a small smart device and taught us how to use it. The device 7.____ (design) to help students study more efficiently. We believe that the continuous 8.____ (develop) of technology will bring more surprises to humans. Every 9.____ (invent) needs careful thinking and endless practice. We should keep learning to make more useful inventions in the future. 【答案】 1.has changed 2.inventions 3.created 4.shows 5.tells 6.gave 7.is designed 8.development 9.invention 【文章大意】短文介绍科技如何赋能生活：近年技术大幅改变生活，许多发明让日子更便捷；老师带学生了解科技产品背后的故事，鼓励大家勤学多练、将来有所发明。 【解析】 1.句中有 in recent years，用现在完成时 has changed，故填 has changed。 2.Lots of 后接可数名词复数，invent 的名词为 inventions，故填 inventions。 3.are … by 构成被动语态，用过去分词 created，故填 created。 4.主语 My science teacher 为单数，一般现在时用 shows，故填 shows。 5.与 shows 并列，用第三人称单数 tells，故填 tells。 6.句中有 Last week，用一般过去时 gave，故填 gave。 7.device 与 design 是被动关系，用 is designed，故填 is designed。 8.the continuous 后接名词，develop 的名词为 development，故填 development。 9.Every 后接可数名词单数，invent 的名词为 invention，故填 invention。 二、语法选择（语篇词数：118 词） 通读短文，掌握大意，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Technology changes our life little by little. Many new things 1.____ in modern society every year. Some great inventors bring amazing changes to the world. A good inventor must be 2.____ and patient. They always try their best to improve old tools and develop new technologies. Last term, our science teacher 3.____ us how to make small inventions. He 4.____ us many works 5.____ by student inventors. These works are simple but useful. The 6.____ of teen invention makes us more interested in science. Now more new technologies 7.____ in our daily life. Scientists always 8.____ people new hope with their inventions. As students, we should learn more knowledge and keep practicing to become 9.____ in the future. 1.A．are invented B．invented C．have invented D．invent 2.A．create B．creative C．creativity D．creates 3.A．teach B．teaches C．taught D．will teach 4.A．show B．showed C．shows D．has shown 5.A．design B．designing C．designed D．designs 6.A．develop B．development C．developing D．developed 7.A．are used B．used C．use D．have used 8.A．give B．gives C．gave D．will give 9.A．invent B．inventions C．inventors D．inventive 【答案】 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.C 【文章大意】短文说明科技正一点点改变生活：每年都有新发明问世，好发明家既富创造力又有耐心；学生应多学知识、勤于实践，将来成为发明家。 【解析】 1.主语 Many new things 与 invent 是被动关系，every year 用一般现在时，are invented，故选 A。 2.be 后用形容词作表语，create 的形容词为 creative，故选 B。 3.句中有 Last term，用一般过去时 taught，故选 C。 4.与 taught 并列，描述过去动作，用一般过去时 showed，故选 B。 5.works 与 design 是被动关系，用过去分词短语作后置定语 designed by…，故选 C。 6.the 后接名词，develop 的名词为 development，故选 B。 7.主语 new technologies 与 use 是被动关系，用 are used，故选 A。 8.主语 Scientists 为复数，一般现在时用 give，故选 A。 9.become 后接名词表示身份，invent 的指人名词为 inventor，此处用复数 inventors，故选 C。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $