Unit 3 Technology and Inventions（知识清单）英语新教材北师大版九年级下册

Unit 3 Technology and Inventions 主 题 词 汇 1. invent/ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明；创造 搭配：invent sth 发明某物；invent a new machine 发明新机器 例句：He invented a new kind of engine.他发明了一种新型发动机。 拓展：invention n.发明；inventor n.发明家 2. continuously/kənˈtɪnjuəsli/ adv. 不断地，持续地 搭配：work continuously 持续工作；change continuously 不断变化 例句：The machines run continuously day and night.机器日夜不停地运转。 拓展：continue v.继续；continuous adj.持续的 3. unbelievable/ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl/ adj. 难以置信的；不真实的 搭配：an unbelievable fact 难以置信的事实；unbelievable speed 惊人的速度 例句：The high-speed train runs at an unbelievable speed.高铁以快得让人难以置信的速度运行。 拓展：believe v.相信；believable adj.可信的 4. curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ n. 好奇心 搭配：out of curiosity 出于好奇；have curiosity about 对……有好奇心 例句：Children usually have curiosity about new things.孩子通常对新鲜事物怀有好奇心。 拓展：curious adj.好奇的 5. improvement/ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ n. 改进，改善 搭配：make improvement 做出改进；an improvement in ……方面的改善 例句：We can see great improvement in this driverless car.我们能看到这款自动驾驶汽车有很大改进。 拓展：improve v.改善，改进 6. satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ adj. 满意的；满足的 搭配：be satisfied with 对……感到满意 例句：He is satisfied with the new screen of the device.他对这个装置的新屏幕很满意。 辨析：satisfied（人感到满意）；satisfying（事物令人满意） 7. device /dɪˈvaɪs/ n. 装置；设备 搭配：an electronic device 电子设备；a useful device 有用的装置 例句：This small device can help passengers a lot.这个小装置可以给乘客提供很大帮助。 8. high-speed/ˌhaɪ ˈspiːd/ adj. 高速的 搭配：high-speed railway 高铁；high-speed train 高速列车 例句：High-speed transport makes our life easier.高速交通让我们的生活更便捷。 短 语 1. as a result因此；结果 辨析：as a result of + 原因名词短语，意为“由于……” 例句：He kept testing his new idea. As a result, he succeeded at last.他不断测试自己的新想法，因此最终成功了。 2. make it possible for sb to do sth使某人能够做某事 解析：高频句型。it 是形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的 to do。结构：make + it + adj. + for sb + to do 例句：The invention of planes makes it possible for people to travel far quickly.飞机的发明让人们可以快速远行。 3. think outside the box跳出思维定式；打破常规思考 解析：固定习语，用于创新、发明、解决难题语境。 例句：If you want to create new things, you need to think outside the box.如果你想要创造新事物，就要跳出思维定式思考。 4. see failure as a chance to improve把失败当作提升自我的机会 解析：核心搭配 see A as B，把A看作B；to improve 不定式作后置定语修饰chance。 例句：We should see failure as a chance to improve ourselves.我们应当把失败当作提升自我的机会。 5. household name家喻户晓的人/名字 解析：household 形容词，家庭的；指名气很大、家家户户都知道的人。 例句：Yuan Longping became a household name around China.袁隆平成了全国家喻户晓的人物。 6. make up one’s mind下定决心 解析：注意变形：one’s 和主语保持一致；mind 复数：make up their minds 例句：He made up his mind to continue his research.他下定决心继续他的研究。 7. go out of one’s way不辞辛劳；格外努力；特意 解析：后面常接 to do sth，go out of one’s way to do sth 特意/尽力做某事 例句：The scientist went out of his way to help the farmers.这位科学家不辞辛劳地帮助农民。 8. be satisfied with对……感到满意 解析：satisfied 修饰人（感到满意的）；satisfying 修饰物（令人满意的） 例句：He is satisfied with the improvement of the new device.他对这个新装置的改进感到满意。 9. pay off取得成功；得到回报；（还清债务） 解析：本单元考义：（努力）得到回报、成功；主语常是 hard work / efforts 例句：All his hard work finally paid off.他所有的辛苦付出最终得到了回报。 句 型 1. As a result, people's lives have been improved in many ways.因此，人们的生活在诸多方面得到改善。 句子结构：状语（As a result）+ 主句（现在完成时被动语态） 例句：As a result of his hard work, his skills have been improved.由于他努力，他的能力得到了提升。 2. Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel to many parts of the world in a much shorter time.与轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以用更短的时间去往世界多地。 句子结构：过去分词作状语（Compared to…）+ 主句（make it +adj.+for sb to do 句型） 例句：Compared to bikes, the high-speed train makes it possible for us to travel far quickly.和自行车相比，高铁让我们可以快速远行。 3. It's human curiosity, creativity and our needs to solve problems that give birth to these inventions.正是人类的好奇心、创造力以及解决问题的需求，催生了这些发明。 句子结构：强调句型 It is … that … 拓展例句：It is his strong curiosity that gives birth to this new idea.正是他强烈的好奇心催生了这个新想法。 4. They think of new, different or unusual ways of doing something.他们会想出新颖、与众不同的做事方法。 句子结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 例句：She thought of a new way of solving the problem.她想出了一个解决这个问题的新方法。 5. Good inventors are also not afraid to fail. Instead, they learn from their mistakes and see failure as a chance to improve.优秀的发明家也不怕失败。相反，他们从错误中学习，把失败当作进步的机会。 句子结构：并列句；instead 副词衔接 拓展例句：Don’t be afraid to make mistakes. See mistakes as a chance to learn.不要害怕犯错，把错误当作学习的机会。 6. He then made up his mind to change the situation.于是他下定决心要改变这种现状。 知识点：make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 拓展例句：She made up her mind to carry on the research.她下定决心继续这项研究。 7. By carrying out more than 3,000 experiments with his team, he went out of his way to solve every problem during research and testing.他和团队完成三千多次实验，不辞辛苦地解决研究测试中的每一个难题。 句子结构：by doing 方式状语 + 主句 拓展例句：He went out of his way to help those poor farmers.他不辞辛劳地帮助那些贫困农民。 8. He and his team kept working and beating the world record for rice productivity year after year.他和团队坚持钻研，年复一年打破水稻产量的世界纪录。 句子结构：主语 + keep doing（并列动名词） 拓展例句：They kept trying and improved the machine year after year.他们不断尝试，年复一年改进这台机器。 9. However, Yuan Longping wasn't satisfied with the success.然而，袁隆平并没有满足于已取得的成功。 句子结构：however 过渡副词 + 主句 拓展例句：He is never satisfied with what he has got.他从不满足于自己已经取得的成果。 10. Hybrid rice was born in China, but it belongs to all people.杂交水稻诞生在中国，但它属于全世界人民。 句子结构：but连接并列句 拓展例句：This great invention belongs to the whole world.这项伟大的发明属于全世界。 11. All her hard work finally paid off when she discovered a treatment for malaria.当她研发出疟疾疗法时，她所有的辛苦终于得到回报。 句子结构：主句 + when引导时间状语从句 拓展例句：All your efforts will pay off one day.你所有的努力终有一天会得到回报。 12. Some people think that reading e‑books has some benefits. However, others think that there are some problems.一些人认为阅读电子书有很多好处，然而另一些人认为它也存在一些问题。 句子结构：宾语从句 + however衔接 + 宾语从句；that引导宾语从句 拓展例句：Some students think online learning is convenient. However, others think it is boring.一些学生认为线上学习很方便，然而另一些学生觉得它很枯燥。 语法 1.Ved 2.构词法 3.双宾语 写作 科技改变生活 一、知识点精讲 知识点1：课文原句：It's human curiosity, creativity and our needs to solve problems that give birth to these inventions.正是人类的好奇心、创造力以及解决问题的需求，催生了这些发明。 知识点：give birth to产生；催生；生育 用法解析：本义“生孩子，分娩”；引申抽象含义，催生思想、发明、新事物；及物动词短语，直接接名词宾语；作文常用来写抽象事物诞生。 示例：Hard times gave birth to new thoughts.艰难的时代催生新思想。 拓展：birth n.出生；birthday n.生日；born adj.出生的 give birth to多用于抽象事物催生；produce侧重实物生产制造。 例句1：Hard conditions gave birth to many great works.艰难的时代催生很多伟大作品。 例句2：The new policy gave birth to lots of new industries.这项新政策催生了很多新兴产业。 知识点2：课文原句：Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel to many parts of the world in a much shorter time.与轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以用更短的时间去往世界多地。 知识点：compared to/with 和……相比（过去分词作状语） 用法解析：放句首作状语，固定用compared， 不能用comparing；compared with侧重对比两者差异；compared to侧重“把A比作B”；考试大多题目两者可以互换；暗含被动含义“事物被拿来做比较”。 示例：Compared with him, I am much lazier.和他相比，我要懒惰得多。 拓展：compare v.比较；comparison n.对比 辨析：compared to vs compared with compared to：把……比作；compared with：对比两者差异；多数考题可互换。 例句1：Compared with last term, he has made big progress.和上学期相比，他取得巨大进步。 例句2：Life is often compared to a journey.人生常常被比作一场旅程。 知识点3：课文原句：Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel to many parts of the world in a much shorter time.与轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以用更短的时间去往世界多地。 知识点：make it +adj. + for sb to do sth** 使某人做某事成为可能 用法解析：it是形式宾语，没有实际含义；真正宾语是后面不定式to do；使用原因：to do不定式太长，放在宾语位置会打乱句子结构；make sb do sth，接人作宾语，后面接不带to的原形。 示例：Computers make it easy for us to study.｜电脑让我们学习变得容易。 拓展：make v.使；make sb do sth 使某人做某事 辨析：make it +adj.+for sb to do（it形式宾语）vs make sb do（接不带to不定式） 例句1：Modern science makes it possible for us to travel in space.现代科学让我们太空旅行成为可能。 例句2：The Internet makes it easy for people to communicate.互联网让人们沟通变得容易。 知识点4：课文原句：By carrying out more than 3,000 experiments with his team, he went out of his way to solve every problem during research and testing.他和团队完成三千多次实验，不辞辛苦地解决研究测试中的每一个难题。 知识点：go out of one’s way to do特地；不辞辛劳做某事 用法解析：one’s跟随主语变化；后面接to do不定式表目的；含义：付出超出平常的额外精力，特地去做某事；书面作文可用；区分try one’s best。 示例：She went out of her way to help me.她特地花时间帮助我。 辨析：go out of one’s way vs try one’s best go out of one’s way：付出额外精力特意做；try one’s best：尽自己本身最大努力。 例句1：My teacher went out of her way to help me with my study.老师特地花时间帮我补习功课。 例句2：He went out of his way to welcome the new classmates.他特意去欢迎新来的同学。 知识点5：课文原句：Hybrid rice was born in China, but it belongs to all people.杂交水稻诞生在中国，但它属于全世界人民。 知识点：belong to属于 用法解析：三大易错：①没有被动语态；②没有进行时态；③to是介词，后面接人称宾格，不能接名词性物主代词；结构 sth belong to sb，主语是事物；名词复数belongings表示财物。 示例：This pen belongs to me.｜这支钢笔属于我。 辨析：belong to vs own belong to：物作主语，某物属于某人；own：人作主语，某人拥有某物。 例句1：This old house belongs to my grandma.这座老房子属于我奶奶。 例句2：These cultural treasures belong to all Chinese people.这些文化瑰宝属于全体中国人民。 知识点6：课文原句：All her hard work finally paid off when she discovered a treatment for malaria.当她研发出疟疾疗法时，她所有的辛苦终于得到回报。 知识点：pay off（努力）得到回报；还清债务 用法解析：两层含义：①（努力、付出）得到回报；此时主语一般是effort、hard work，无被动；②还清债务；变形pay‑paid‑paid；辨析 pay for“为……付钱”。 示例：Your hard work will pay off.你的努力终会得到回报。 词形拓展：pay-paid-paid；pay for 为……付钱 词义辨析：pay off vs pay for pay off：（努力）得到回报 /还清债务；pay for：为某物付钱。 例句1：All his efforts finally paid off.他所有的努力终于得到回报。 例句2：You need to work hard, and your work will pay off one day.你需要努力，你的付出终有一天会得到回报。 知识点7：课文原句：He then made up his mind to change the situation.于是他下定决心要改变这种现状。 知识点：make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 用法解析：one’s跟随主语变化；多人的时候mind变复数minds；后面接to do不定式表目的 拓展 change one’s mind 改变主意；同义动词decide to do sth。 示例：I made up my mind to study harder.我下定决心更加努力学习。 拓展：mind n.头脑 v.介意；change one’s mind 改变主意 例句1：I have made up my mind to study harder.我已经下定决心更加努力学习。 例句2：They made up their minds to protect wild animals.他们下定决心去保护野生动物。 知识点8：课文原句：However, Yuan Longping wasn't satisfied with the success.然而，袁隆平并没有满足于已取得的成功。 知识点：be satisfied with对……感到满意 用法解析：形容词区分：satisfied修饰人，人感到满意；satisfying修饰事物，事物令人满意；固定搭配be satisfied with +名词；动词satisfy使满意；名词satisfaction满意。 示例：I am satisfied with my progress.我对我的进步感到满意。 拓展：satisfy v.使满意；satisfaction n.满意；satisfying adj.令人满意的 辨析：satisfied vs satisfying satisfied（人）感到满意；satisfying（事物）令人满意。 例句1：My parents are satisfied with my progress.父母对我的进步很满意。 例句2：She is not satisfied with what she has achieved.她对自己取得的成就并不满足。 知识点9：课文原句：By carrying out more than 3,000 experiments with his team…他和团队完成三千多次实验…… 知识点：carry out 执行；实施；开展（实验、计划） 用法解析：及物动词短语；宾语常用plan / experiment / policy；含义落实计划、开展实验；辨析 carry on 继续做某事。 解析示例：We will carry out this plan next month.｜我们下个月将实施这个计划。 拓展：carry v.搬运；carry on 继续 辨析：carry out vs carry on carry out：执行落实计划，强调完成；carry on：继续进行，强调持续。 例句1：They will carry out this new plan next month.｜他们下个月将实施这个新计划。 例句2：Scientists carry out lots of experiments every year.｜科学家每年开展大量实验。 知识点10：课文原句：As a result, people's lives have been improved in many ways.因此，人们的生活在诸多方面得到改善。 知识点：as a result 因此，结果（副词短语） 用法解析：副词短语，放句首后面加逗号隔开，引出事情的结果； 辨析 as a result of +名词，“由于……”引出原因。 解析示例：He practised hard. As a result, he won.他刻苦练习，因此他获胜。 拓展：as a result of +名词，“由于……” 辨析：as a result（引出结果）vs as a result of（引出原因） 例句1：He practised hard. As a result, he won the game.他刻苦练习，因此赢得了比赛。 例句2：He was late as a result of the heavy rain.由于大雨，他迟到了。 知识点11：课文原句：Good inventors are also not afraid to fail. Instead, they learn from their mistakes and see failure as a chance to improve.优秀的发明家也不怕失败。相反，他们从错误中学习，把失败看作进步的机会。 知识点：see…as…把……看作…… 用法解析：固定搭配 see A as B；同义短语 regard…as… / look on…as…；as后面接名词。 示例：We see failure as a chance to learn.｜我们把失败看作学习的机会。 词义辨析：see…as… / regard…as… 几乎完全同义。 例句1：We should see mistakes as chances to learn.我们应当把错误看作学习的机会。 例句2：Many people see him as a great inventor.很多人把他看作伟大的发明家。 知识点12：课文原句：It's human curiosity, creativity and our needs to solve problems that give birth to these inventions.正是人类的好奇心、创造力以及解决问题的需求，催生了这些发明。 知识点：强调句型 It is …that… 用法解析：结构 It is / was +被强调部分 + that/who +剩余句子；被强调部分可以为主语、宾语、状语；强调人可以用who，其余情况一律that；判断技巧：去掉It is …that，如果句子依旧完整通顺，就是强调句；区分it形式主语：去掉框架句子残缺就是形式主语。 示例：It is hard work that brings success.正是努力带来成功。 辨析：强调句 vs it形式主语 去掉it is that句子完整=强调句；句子残缺=形式主语。 例句1：It is hard work that makes you successful.｜正是努力让你获得成功。 例句2：It was curiosity that drove him to do the research.｜正是好奇心驱使他做这项研究。 知识点13：课文原句：He and his team kept working and beating the world record for rice productivity year after year.他和团队坚持钻研，年复一年打破水稻产量的世界纪录。 知识点：year after year 年复一年 用法解析：副词短语作状语；结构“名词+after+同一名词”；同类day after day日复一日；描述时间循环重复发生；句首、句中都可以使用。 示例：Year after year, we plant trees in spring.年复一年，我们春天植树。 拓展：day after day日复一日；month after month月复一月 例句1：Year after year, trees turn green in spring.年复一年，树木春天变绿。 例句2：They kept doing research year after year.他们年复一年坚持研究。 知识点14：课文原句：Hybrid rice was born in China, but it belongs to all people.杂交水稻诞生在中国，但它属于全世界人民。 知识点：be born in 出生于；诞生于 用法解析：be born后面接地点/年份用in；接具体某一天用on；born是bear的过去分词，固定搭配用被动be born。 示例：He was born in 2010.他出生于2010年。 例句1：Yuan Longping was born in 1930.袁隆平生于1930年。 例句2：This great idea was born in a small lab.这个伟大想法诞生在一间小实验室。 二、核心语法精讲 一、V-ed（过去分词） 提示：V-ed 即动词过去分词；有规则变化（+ed），也有不规则变化：break-broken、see-seen。 核心特点：过去分词本身自带被动、完成含义。 ① 构成现在完成时：have / has + done（过去分词） 用法：表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成影响或结果；常搭配 already, yet, ever, never, since, for。 结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 课文例句：Inventions have continuously changed the way people move around.各类发明持续不断地改变着人们出行的方式。 例句1：I have read this English story before.我以前读过这个英文故事。 拓展例句2：She has finished her report.她已经写完报告了。 补充：还有过去完成时 had + done，表示“过去的过去” 例句：He had learned English before he came here.他来这里之前就已经学过英语。 ② 过去分词作形容词（定语），修饰名词 用法：V-ed 转化为形容词，含义是“感到……的 / 被……的”，多用来描述**人或者事物所处的状态**。 区分：V-ing 形容词：令人……的（修饰物）；V-ed 形容词：感到……的（修饰人） 例词：broken bottles 碎瓶子；lighted candles 点燃的蜡烛 拓展例句1：The excited students are talking about the new invention.兴奋的学生们正在讨论这项新发明。 拓展例句2：The locked box is full of old photos.这个锁着的箱子里面装满老照片。 ③ 过去分词作状语 用法：放在句首/句末，表被动、条件、原因、让步、对比；分词的逻辑主语 = 主句主语。 课文例句：Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel much faster. 和轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以更快地出行。 拓展例句1：Seen from the top of the mountain, the village looks very beautiful.从山顶望去，这个村庄很美。 拓展例句2：Encouraged by his teacher, he kept on trying.在老师的鼓励下，他继续努力尝试。 二、派生构词法（词缀法） 1. 前缀 un-（最常考） 作用：加在形容词前面，表示否定，意思：不……，只改词义，不改变词性 变化示例： happy（开心的，adj.）→ unhappy（不开心的，adj.） lucky（幸运的，adj.）→ unlucky（不幸的，adj.） fair（公平的，adj.）→ unfair（不公平的，adj.） 例句1：He felt unhappy because he failed the exam.因为考试失利，他感到不开心。 例句2：It is unfair to blame only him.只责怪他一个人是不公平的。 补充其他否定前缀：im-（possible → impossible）；dis-（like → dislike） 2. 高频后缀（改变词性，重点背诵） -tion / -sion 动词 → 名词（动作/事物） invent(v.)发明 → invention(n.)发明 -ment 动词 → 名词 develop(v.)发展 → development(n.)发展 -er / -or 动词 → 名词（人：执行者） invent(v.)发明 → inventor(n.)发明家 -ist 名词 → 名词（专业人） science(n.)科学 → scientist(n.)科学家 -able 动词 → 形容词（可……的） believe(v.)相信 → believable(adj.)可信的 -ing 动词 → 形容词（令人……，修饰物） |surprise → surprising -ed动词 → 形容词（感到……，修饰人） surprise → surprised 例句1：The inventor showed his great invention to us.这位发明家向我们展示了他伟大的发明。 例句2：This surprising news made all of us surprised.这条令人吃惊的消息让我们所有人都很惊讶。 三、双宾语结构 SVOO 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 结构1：主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 课文例句：He gave the world his hybrid rice technology.他把杂交水稻技术带给了全世界。 拓展例句1：My father bought me a new notebook.爸爸给我买了一本新笔记本。 拓展例句2：She told us an interesting story.她给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 结构2：主语 + 动词 + 直接宾语 + to / for + 间接宾语 加 to：强调“传递、交给”，常用动词：give, pass, send, show, offer, lend 课文例句：He offered training courses to the farmers.他为农民们提供培训课程。 例句：Please send an email to your teacher.请给你的老师发一封邮件。 加 for：强调“为某人做/买”，常用动词：buy, cook, make, choose 例句：She cooked a big dinner for her family.她为家人做了一顿丰盛的晚餐。 重要易错辨析（必考） 并不是所有动词都支持双宾语结构！ 错误：explain me the rule 正确：explain the rule to me （只能用 explain sth to sb） 同类词：describe, suggest 例句：He explained the grammar rule to his students.他向学生讲解这条语法规则。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作要求：科技改变生活，它能帮我们做什么（学习、生活），写出它带来的便利；再说出它的缺点与风险；最后给出观点，我们要理性、正确地使用人工智能。 2. 写作框架 根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计人总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。 假如你是李华，你校即将就“人工智能对学习的影响”这一话题展开讨论，你总结了同学们的意见并结合了自己的想法，现请你写一篇文章，谈谈人工智能对学习的正面和负面影响。 提示词语:learn, benefit, problem, lazy,careful 内容提示: Describe how AI can help students in learning. Describe possible problems or disadvantages of using AI. What can we do to use it wisely? I'm Li Hua. I want to talk about the pros and cons of using AI in study. 谋篇布局 3. 写作素材 优秀开头句 1. With the rapid development of technology, AI has become one of the most amazing inventions.随着科技飞速发展，人工智能成为最了不起的发明之一。 2. Many new inventions are changing our world. Today I want to talk about AI.很多新发明正在改变世界，今天我想聊聊人工智能。 内容介绍句 1. AI can help us learn new knowledge, translate languages and solve difficult problems.人工智能可以帮我们学习新知识、翻译语言、解决难题。 2. It saves our time and makes our study much more convenient.它节省我们的时间，让学习便利很多。 3. However, if we depend on AI too much, we won’t think with our own brains.但是，如果我们过度依赖 AI，就不会自己动脑思考。 4. Some students may copy answers from AI and give up thinking independently.有些学生会抄 AI 的答案，放弃独立思考。 5. AI is only a tool and it cannot take the place of our own thinking.AI 只是工具，它不能取代我们自己的思考。 优秀结尾句 1. We should make good use of AI and never stop thinking independently.我们要善用人工智能，永远不要停止独立思考。 2. AI can help us, but it is we ourselves that decide how to learn.AI 可以帮助我们，但如何学习，决定权在我们自己手上。 4. 范文背诵 I'm Li Hua. I want to talk about the pros and cons of using AI in study. Nowadays, AI technology is widely used in education. However, it is a two-edged sword that can bring both benefits and harm. 　　Many students believe that AI brings great benefits. With the development of AI, students can spend less time doing homework because AI can provide help when they meet a difficult problem anytime and anywhere. It can also show the complete process of solving a problem. It is convenient and efficient, and it can help students spend less time learning difficult subjects. 　　However, there are also some drawbacks. AI can be unreliable and sometimes harmful if used wrongly. It may cause students to become lazy and find it difficult to think independently. In conclusion, students should choose wisely and pay attention to how they use AI. We are supposed to cooperate with technology, not depend on it completely. 一、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. The ________（轮子）of the old bike is broken. 2. Every ________（乘客）on the driverless bus must follow the rules. 3. This small ________（装置）can collect useful information. 4. The ________（发明）of steam engines changed the world greatly. 5. The scientist worked ________（持续不断地）for months. 6. Out of ________（好奇心）, he began to study the new machine. 7. Yuan Longping was a great ________（发明家）in China. 8. There is still room for ________（改进）in this new car. 9. He was ________（满意的）with the result of the experiment. 10. The ________（开拓性的）research helped farmers grow more rice. 【答案】1. wheel 2. passenger 3. device 4. invention 5. continuously 6. curiosity 7. inventor 8. improvement 9. satisfied 10. pioneering 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. He ________ (invent) a new tool to help farmers many years ago. 2. The ________ (household) name Yuan Longping is known by all Chinese people. 3. It is ________ (believe) that the high‑speed train can run so fast. 4. We are ________ (satisfy) with the great ________ (improve) of the machine. 5. The engine parts will ________ (wear) out after long‑time use. 6. The ________ (develop) countries need more new inventions. 7. The ________ (observe) wrote down what he saw in the lab. 8. ________ (hunger) people need food and help. 9. The ________ (motor) runs on steam. 10. Lots of ________ (experiment) show this hybrid rice works well. 【答案】1. invented 2. household 3. unbelievable 4. satisfied; improvement 5. wear 6. developing 7. observer 8. Hungry 9. motor 10. experiments 二．完形填空 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Digital invention has changed our life greatly, with the rapid 1 of science and technology, many small inventions make our daily life easier. The digital sticky note is one of these small inventions that are much better than the traditional ones. It is a simple tool, but brings much convenience to people of all ages, especially students and office workers. Unlike traditional paper sticky notes, this small digital tool can be 2 on phones, tablets and computers. You can 3 type down your notes, set a reminder and stick them on your screen. It has a clear 4 over paper ones: it will never get lost or fade away. You can also change its color and size freely to make it more eye-catching. Many people say this small invention has a positive 5 on their lives. Students use it to record key knowledge and homework reminders. Office workers use it to mark important tasks and meeting time. It helps us plan our time better and avoid 6 important things. Though it is a small digital invention, it shows how technology changes our life. We should 7 an eye on such small inventions and use them to make our life more convenient and colorful. Some people even think it is one of the most 8 inventions in recent years. It is not expensive and easy to use. Everyone can learn to use it in a few minutes. It 9 our daily life with technology, and lets us enjoy the benefits. This small invention tells us that great things often come from small 10 . 1．A．different B．development C．difficulty D．change 2．A．made B．used C．checked D．told 3．A．hardly B．simply C．carefully D．slowly 4．A．problem B．risk C．advantage D．mistake 5．A．effect B．result C．chance D．reason 6．A．remembering B．forgetting C．doubting D．reading 7．A．pay B．look C．keep D．make 8．A．useless B．boring C．useful D．expensive 9．A．builds B．works C．keeps D．connects 10．A．books B．tools C．ideas D．dreams 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲了数字便利贴这一小发明如何通过科技改变人们的生活，让生活更方便、更高效，并告诉我们伟大的成果往往源于小小的想法。 【详解】1．句意：随着科学技术的迅速发展，许多小发明使我们的日常生活更加便捷。    different不同的；development发展；difficulty困难；change改变。根据“Digital invention has changed our life greatly”可知，数字发明极大地改变了我们的生活，是随着科学技术的迅速发展，故选B。 2．句意：与传统的纸质便利贴不同，这种小型数字工具可以在手机、平板电脑和电脑上使用。    made制作；used使用；checked检查；told告诉。根据“on phones, tablets and computers”可知，这种数字便利贴可以在这些电子设备上使用，故选B。 3．句意：你可以简单地记下你的笔记，设置提醒，并把它们贴在你的屏幕上。    hardly几乎不；simply简单地；carefully仔细地；slowly慢慢地。根据“It is a simple tool”可知，这是一个简单的工具，所以使用起来很简单，只需简单地记下笔记，故选B。 4．句意：它比纸质便利贴有一个明显的优点：它永远不会丢失或褪色。    problem问题；risk风险；advantage优点；mistake错误。根据“it will never get lost or fade away”可知，这是它相比纸质便利贴的优点，故选C。 5．句意：很多人说这个小发明对他们的生活有积极的影响。    effect影响；result结果；chance机会；reason原因。根据“Students use it to record key knowledge and homework reminders. Office workers use it to mark important tasks and meeting time.”可知，学生和上班族都用它来做各种事情，说明这个发明对他们的生活有积极影响，have an effect on“对……有影响”，故选A。 6．句意：它帮助我们更好地规划时间，避免忘记重要的事情。   remembering记得；forgetting忘记；doubting怀疑；reading阅读。根据“plan our time better”和“avoid”可知，更好地规划时间是为了避免忘记重要的事情，故选B。 7．句意：我们应该留意这样的小发明，并利用它们使我们的生活更加方便和丰富多彩。    pay支付；look看；keep保持；make制作。根据“use them to make our life more convenient and colorful”可知，我们要利用这些小发明，前提是要留意它们，keep an eye on“留意，关注”，故选C。 8．句意：有些人甚至认为它是近年来最有用的发明之一。    useless无用的；boring无聊的；useful有用的；expensive昂贵的。根据“It is not expensive and easy to use.”以及前文对它的各种用途的介绍可知，它既不贵又好用，所以是有用的发明，故选C。 9．句意：它用科技连接我们的日常生活，让我们享受这些好处。    builds建造；works工作；keeps保持；connects连接。根据“our daily life with technology”可知，是把我们的日常生活和科技连接起来，connect…with…“把……和……连接起来”，故选D。 10．句意：这个小发明告诉我们，伟大的事情往往来自于小的想法。    books书；tools工具；ideas想法；dreams梦想。根据“Though it is a small digital invention, it shows how technology changes our life.”以及全文对这个数字便利贴的介绍可知，这样一个小小的数字发明，其实源于一个小的想法，却给生活带来了很大便利，说明伟大的事情往往来自小想法，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Technology and Inventions 主 题 词 汇 1. /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明；创造 搭配：invent sth 发明某物；invent a new machine 发明新机器 例句：He invented a new kind of engine.他发明了一种新型发动机。 拓展：invention n.发明；inventor n.发明家 2. /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/ adv. 不断地，持续地 搭配：work continuously 持续工作；change continuously 不断变化 例句：The machines run continuously day and night.机器日夜不停地运转。 拓展：continue v.继续；continuous adj.持续的 3. /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl/ adj. 难以置信的；不真实的 搭配：an unbelievable fact 难以置信的事实；unbelievable speed 惊人的速度 例句：The high-speed train runs at an unbelievable speed.高铁以快得让人难以置信的速度运行。 拓展：believe v.相信；believable adj.可信的 4. /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ n. 好奇心 搭配：out of curiosity 出于好奇；have curiosity about 对……有好奇心 例句：Children usually have curiosity about new things.孩子通常对新鲜事物怀有好奇心。 拓展：curious adj.好奇的 5. /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ n. 改进，改善 搭配：make improvement 做出改进；an improvement in ……方面的改善 例句：We can see great improvement in this driverless car.我们能看到这款自动驾驶汽车有很大改进。 拓展：improve v.改善，改进 6. /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ adj. 满意的；满足的 搭配：be satisfied with 对……感到满意 例句：He is satisfied with the new screen of the device.他对这个装置的新屏幕很满意。 辨析：satisfied（人感到满意）；satisfying（事物令人满意） 7. /dɪˈvaɪs/ n. 装置；设备 搭配：an electronic device 电子设备；a useful device 有用的装置 例句：This small device can help passengers a lot.这个小装置可以给乘客提供很大帮助。 8. /ˌhaɪ ˈspiːd/ adj. 高速的 搭配：high-speed railway 高铁；high-speed train 高速列车 例句：High-speed transport makes our life easier.高速交通让我们的生活更便捷。 短 语 1. 因此；结果 辨析：as a result of + 原因名词短语，意为“由于……” 例句：He kept testing his new idea. As a result, he succeeded at last.他不断测试自己的新想法，因此最终成功了。 2. 使某人能够做某事 解析：高频句型。it 是形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的 to do。结构：make + it + adj. + for sb + to do 例句：The invention of planes makes it possible for people to travel far quickly.飞机的发明让人们可以快速远行。 3. 跳出思维定式；打破常规思考 解析：固定习语，用于创新、发明、解决难题语境。 例句：If you want to create new things, you need to think outside the box.如果你想要创造新事物，就要跳出思维定式思考。 4. 把失败当作提升自我的机会 解析：核心搭配 see A as B，把A看作B；to improve 不定式作后置定语修饰chance。 例句：We should see failure as a chance to improve ourselves.我们应当把失败当作提升自我的机会。 5. 家喻户晓的人/名字 解析：household 形容词，家庭的；指名气很大、家家户户都知道的人。 例句：Yuan Longping became a household name around China.袁隆平成了全国家喻户晓的人物。 6. 下定决心 解析：注意变形：one’s 和主语保持一致；mind 复数：make up their minds 例句：He made up his mind to continue his research.他下定决心继续他的研究。 7. 不辞辛劳；格外努力；特意 解析：后面常接 to do sth，go out of one’s way to do sth 特意/尽力做某事 例句：The scientist went out of his way to help the farmers.这位科学家不辞辛劳地帮助农民。 8. 对……感到满意 解析：satisfied 修饰人（感到满意的）；satisfying 修饰物（令人满意的） 例句：He is satisfied with the improvement of the new device.他对这个新装置的改进感到满意。 9. 取得成功；得到回报；（还清债务） 解析：本单元考义：（努力）得到回报、成功；主语常是 hard work / efforts 例句：All his hard work finally paid off.他所有的辛苦付出最终得到了回报。 句 型 1. As a result, people's lives have been improved in many ways.因此，人们的生活在诸多方面得到改善。 句子结构：状语（As a result）+ 主句（现在完成时被动语态） 例句： .由于他努力，他的能力得到了提升。 2. Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel to many parts of the world in a much shorter time.与轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以用更短的时间去往世界多地。 句子结构：过去分词作状语（Compared to…）+ 主句（make it +adj.+for sb to do 句型） 例句： 和自行车相比，高铁让我们可以快速远行。 3. It's human curiosity, creativity and our needs to solve problems that give birth to these inventions.正是人类的好奇心、创造力以及解决问题的需求，催生了这些发明。 句子结构：强调句型 It is … that … 拓展例句： 正是他强烈的好奇心催生了这个新想法。 4. They think of new, different or unusual ways of doing something.他们会想出新颖、与众不同的做事方法。 句子结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 例句： 她想出了一个解决这个问题的新方法。 5. Good inventors are also not afraid to fail. Instead, they learn from their mistakes and see failure as a chance to improve.优秀的发明家也不怕失败。相反，他们从错误中学习，把失败当作进步的机会。 句子结构：并列句；instead 副词衔接 拓展例句： 不要害怕犯错，把错误当作学习的机会。 6. He then made up his mind to change the situation.于是他下定决心要改变这种现状。 知识点：make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 拓展例句： 她下定决心继续这项研究。 7. By carrying out more than 3,000 experiments with his team, he went out of his way to solve every problem during research and testing.他和团队完成三千多次实验，不辞辛苦地解决研究测试中的每一个难题。 句子结构：by doing 方式状语 + 主句 拓展例句： 他不辞辛劳地帮助那些贫困农民。 8. He and his team kept working and beating the world record for rice productivity year after year.他和团队坚持钻研，年复一年打破水稻产量的世界纪录。 句子结构：主语 + keep doing（并列动名词） 拓展例句： 他们不断尝试，年复一年改进这台机器。 9. However, Yuan Longping wasn't satisfied with the success.然而，袁隆平并没有满足于已取得的成功。 句子结构：however 过渡副词 + 主句 拓展例句： 他从不满足于自己已经取得的成果。 10. Hybrid rice was born in China, but it belongs to all people.杂交水稻诞生在中国，但它属于全世界人民。 句子结构：but连接并列句 拓展例句： 这项伟大的发明属于全世界。 11. All her hard work finally paid off when she discovered a treatment for malaria.当她研发出疟疾疗法时，她所有的辛苦终于得到回报。 句子结构：主句 + when引导时间状语从句 拓展例句： 你所有的努力终有一天会得到回报。 12. Some people think that reading e‑books has some benefits. However, others think that there are some problems.一些人认为阅读电子书有很多好处，然而另一些人认为它也存在一些问题。 句子结构：宾语从句 + however衔接 + 宾语从句；that引导宾语从句 拓展例句： 一些学生认为线上学习很方便，然而另一些学生觉得它很枯燥。 语法 1.Ved 2.构词法 3.双宾语 写作 科技改变生活 一、知识点精讲 知识点1：课文原句：It's human curiosity, creativity and our needs to solve problems that give birth to these inventions.正是人类的好奇心、创造力以及解决问题的需求，催生了这些发明。 知识点：give birth to产生；催生；生育 用法解析：本义“生孩子，分娩”；引申抽象含义，催生思想、发明、新事物；及物动词短语，直接接名词宾语；作文常用来写抽象事物诞生。 示例：Hard times gave birth to new thoughts.艰难的时代催生新思想。 拓展：birth n.出生；birthday n.生日；born adj.出生的 give birth to多用于抽象事物催生；produce侧重实物生产制造。 例句1：Hard conditions many great works.艰难的时代催生很多伟大作品。 例句2：The new policy lots of new industries.这项新政策催生了很多新兴产业。 知识点2：课文原句：Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel to many parts of the world in a much shorter time.与轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以用更短的时间去往世界多地。 知识点：compared to/with 和……相比（过去分词作状语） 用法解析：放句首作状语，固定用compared， 不能用comparing；compared with侧重对比两者差异；compared to侧重“把A比作B”；考试大多题目两者可以互换；暗含被动含义“事物被拿来做比较”。 示例：Compared with him, I am much lazier.和他相比，我要懒惰得多。 拓展：compare v.比较；comparison n.对比 辨析：compared to vs compared with compared to：把……比作；compared with：对比两者差异；多数考题可互换。 例句1： last term, he has made big progress.和上学期相比，他取得巨大进步。 例句2：Life is often a journey.人生常常被比作一场旅程。 知识点3：课文原句：Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel to many parts of the world in a much shorter time.与轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以用更短的时间去往世界多地。 知识点：make it +adj. + for sb to do sth** 使某人做某事成为可能 用法解析：it是形式宾语，没有实际含义；真正宾语是后面不定式to do；使用原因：to do不定式太长，放在宾语位置会打乱句子结构；make sb do sth，接人作宾语，后面接不带to的原形。 示例：Computers make it easy for us to study.｜电脑让我们学习变得容易。 拓展：make v.使；make sb do sth 使某人做某事 辨析：make it +adj.+for sb to do（it形式宾语）vs make sb do（接不带to不定式） 例句1：Modern science travel in space.现代科学让我们太空旅行成为可能。 例句2：The Internet people to communicate.互联网让人们沟通变得容易。 知识点4：课文原句：By carrying out more than 3,000 experiments with his team, he went out of his way to solve every problem during research and testing.他和团队完成三千多次实验，不辞辛苦地解决研究测试中的每一个难题。 知识点：go out of one’s way to do特地；不辞辛劳做某事 用法解析：one’s跟随主语变化；后面接to do不定式表目的；含义：付出超出平常的额外精力，特地去做某事；书面作文可用；区分try one’s best。 示例：She went out of her way to help me.她特地花时间帮助我。 辨析：go out of one’s way vs try one’s best go out of one’s way：付出额外精力特意做；try one’s best：尽自己本身最大努力。 例句1：My teacher help me with my study.老师特地花时间帮我补习功课。 例句2：He welcome the new classmates.他特意去欢迎新来的同学。 知识点5：课文原句：Hybrid rice was born in China, but it belongs to all people.杂交水稻诞生在中国，但它属于全世界人民。 知识点：belong to属于 用法解析：三大易错：①没有被动语态；②没有进行时态；③to是介词，后面接人称宾格，不能接名词性物主代词；结构 sth belong to sb，主语是事物；名词复数belongings表示财物。 示例：This pen belongs to me.｜这支钢笔属于我。 辨析：belong to vs own belong to：物作主语，某物属于某人；own：人作主语，某人拥有某物。 例句1：This old house my grandma.这座老房子属于我奶奶。 例句2：These cultural treasures all Chinese people.这些文化瑰宝属于全体中国人民。 知识点6：课文原句：All her hard work finally paid off when she discovered a treatment for malaria.当她研发出疟疾疗法时，她所有的辛苦终于得到回报。 知识点：pay off（努力）得到回报；还清债务 用法解析：两层含义：①（努力、付出）得到回报；此时主语一般是effort、hard work，无被动；②还清债务；变形pay‑paid‑paid；辨析 pay for“为……付钱”。 示例：Your hard work will pay off.你的努力终会得到回报。 词形拓展：pay-paid-paid；pay for 为……付钱 词义辨析：pay off vs pay for pay off：（努力）得到回报 /还清债务；pay for：为某物付钱。 例句1：All his efforts finally .他所有的努力终于得到回报。 例句2：You need to work hard, and your work will one day.你需要努力，你的付出终有一天会得到回报。 知识点7：课文原句：He then made up his mind to change the situation.于是他下定决心要改变这种现状。 知识点：make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 用法解析：one’s跟随主语变化；多人的时候mind变复数minds；后面接to do不定式表目的 拓展 change one’s mind 改变主意；同义动词decide to do sth。 示例：I made up my mind to study harder.我下定决心更加努力学习。 拓展：mind n.头脑 v.介意；change one’s mind 改变主意 例句1：I have study harder.我已经下定决心更加努力学习。 例句2：They wild animals.他们下定决心去保护野生动物。 知识点8：课文原句：However, Yuan Longping wasn't satisfied with the success.然而，袁隆平并没有满足于已取得的成功。 知识点：be satisfied with对……感到满意 用法解析：形容词区分：satisfied修饰人，人感到满意；satisfying修饰事物，事物令人满意；固定搭配be satisfied with +名词；动词satisfy使满意；名词satisfaction满意。 示例：I am satisfied with my progress.我对我的进步感到满意。 拓展：satisfy v.使满意；satisfaction n.满意；satisfying adj.令人满意的 辨析：satisfied vs satisfying satisfied（人）感到满意；satisfying（事物）令人满意。 例句1：My parents my progress.父母对我的进步很满意。 例句2：She is not with what she has achieved.她对自己取得的成就并不满足。 知识点9：课文原句：By carrying out more than 3,000 experiments with his team…他和团队完成三千多次实验…… 知识点：carry out 执行；实施；开展（实验、计划） 用法解析：及物动词短语；宾语常用plan / experiment / policy；含义落实计划、开展实验；辨析 carry on 继续做某事。 解析示例：We will carry out this plan next month.｜我们下个月将实施这个计划。 拓展：carry v.搬运；carry on 继续 辨析：carry out vs carry on carry out：执行落实计划，强调完成；carry on：继续进行，强调持续。 例句1：They will this new plan next month.｜他们下个月将实施这个新计划。 例句2：Scientists lots of experiments every year.｜科学家每年开展大量实验。 知识点10：课文原句：As a result, people's lives have been improved in many ways.因此，人们的生活在诸多方面得到改善。 知识点：as a result 因此，结果（副词短语） 用法解析：副词短语，放句首后面加逗号隔开，引出事情的结果； 辨析 as a result of +名词，“由于……”引出原因。 解析示例：He practised hard. As a result, he won.他刻苦练习，因此他获胜。 拓展：as a result of +名词，“由于……” 辨析：as a result（引出结果）vs as a result of（引出原因） 例句1：He practised hard. , he won the game.他刻苦练习，因此赢得了比赛。 例句2：He was late the heavy rain.由于大雨，他迟到了。 知识点11：课文原句：Good inventors are also not afraid to fail. Instead, they learn from their mistakes and see failure as a chance to improve.优秀的发明家也不怕失败。相反，他们从错误中学习，把失败看作进步的机会。 知识点：see…as…把……看作…… 用法解析：固定搭配 see A as B；同义短语 regard…as… / look on…as…；as后面接名词。 示例：We see failure as a chance to learn.｜我们把失败看作学习的机会。 词义辨析：see…as… / regard…as… 几乎完全同义。 例句1：We should mistakes chances to learn.我们应当把错误看作学习的机会。 例句2：Many people him a great inventor.很多人把他看作伟大的发明家。 知识点12：课文原句：It's human curiosity, creativity and our needs to solve problems that give birth to these inventions.正是人类的好奇心、创造力以及解决问题的需求，催生了这些发明。 知识点：强调句型 It is …that… 用法解析：结构 It is / was +被强调部分 + that/who +剩余句子；被强调部分可以为主语、宾语、状语；强调人可以用who，其余情况一律that；判断技巧：去掉It is …that，如果句子依旧完整通顺，就是强调句；区分it形式主语：去掉框架句子残缺就是形式主语。 示例：It is hard work that brings success.正是努力带来成功。 辨析：强调句 vs it形式主语 去掉it is that句子完整=强调句；句子残缺=形式主语。 例句1： makes you successful.｜正是努力让你获得成功。 例句2： drove him to do the research.｜正是好奇心驱使他做这项研究。 知识点13：课文原句：He and his team kept working and beating the world record for rice productivity year after year.他和团队坚持钻研，年复一年打破水稻产量的世界纪录。 知识点：year after year 年复一年 用法解析：副词短语作状语；结构“名词+after+同一名词”；同类day after day日复一日；描述时间循环重复发生；句首、句中都可以使用。 示例：Year after year, we plant trees in spring.年复一年，我们春天植树。 拓展：day after day日复一日；month after month月复一月 例句1： , trees turn green in spring.年复一年，树木春天变绿。 例句2：They kept doing research .他们年复一年坚持研究。 知识点14：课文原句：Hybrid rice was born in China, but it belongs to all people.杂交水稻诞生在中国，但它属于全世界人民。 知识点：be born in 出生于；诞生于 用法解析：be born后面接地点/年份用in；接具体某一天用on；born是bear的过去分词，固定搭配用被动be born。 示例：He was born in 2010.他出生于2010年。 例句1：Yuan Longping 1930.袁隆平生于1930年。 例句2：This great idea a small lab.这个伟大想法诞生在一间小实验室。 二、核心语法精讲 一、V-ed（过去分词） 提示：V-ed 即动词过去分词；有规则变化（+ed），也有不规则变化：break-broken、see-seen。 核心特点：过去分词本身自带被动、完成含义。 ① 构成现在完成时：have / has + done（过去分词） 用法：表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成影响或结果；常搭配 already, yet, ever, never, since, for。 结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 课文例句：Inventions have continuously changed the way people move around.各类发明持续不断地改变着人们出行的方式。 例句1：I this English story before.我以前读过这个英文故事。 拓展例句2：She her report.她已经写完报告了。 补充：还有过去完成时 had + done，表示“过去的过去” 例句：He had learned English before he came here.他来这里之前就已经学过英语。 ② 过去分词作形容词（定语），修饰名词 用法：V-ed 转化为形容词，含义是“感到……的 / 被……的”，多用来描述**人或者事物所处的状态**。 区分：V-ing 形容词：令人……的（修饰物）；V-ed 形容词：感到……的（修饰人） 例词：broken bottles 碎瓶子；lighted candles 点燃的蜡烛 拓展例句1：The students are talking about the new invention.兴奋的学生们正在讨论这项新发明。 拓展例句2：The box is full of old photos.这个锁着的箱子里面装满老照片。 ③ 过去分词作状语 用法：放在句首/句末，表被动、条件、原因、让步、对比；分词的逻辑主语 = 主句主语。 课文例句：Compared to ships or trains, the invention of planes made it possible for people to travel much faster. 和轮船、火车相比，飞机的发明让人们可以更快地出行。 拓展例句1： from the top of the mountain, the village looks very beautiful.从山顶望去，这个村庄很美。 拓展例句2： by his teacher, he kept on trying.在老师的鼓励下，他继续努力尝试。 二、派生构词法（词缀法） 1. 前缀 un-（最常考） 作用：加在形容词前面，表示否定，意思：不……，只改词义，不改变词性 变化示例： happy（开心的，adj.）→ unhappy（不开心的，adj.） lucky（幸运的，adj.）→ unlucky（不幸的，adj.） fair（公平的，adj.）→ unfair（不公平的，adj.） 例句1：He felt because he failed the exam.因为考试失利，他感到不开心。 例句2：It is to blame only him.只责怪他一个人是不公平的。 补充其他否定前缀：im-（possible → impossible）；dis-（like → dislike） 2. 高频后缀（改变词性，重点背诵） -tion / -sion 动词 → 名词（动作/事物） invent(v.)发明 → invention(n.)发明 -ment 动词 → 名词 develop(v.)发展 → development(n.)发展 -er / -or 动词 → 名词（人：执行者） invent(v.)发明 → inventor(n.)发明家 -ist 名词 → 名词（专业人） science(n.)科学 → scientist(n.)科学家 -able 动词 → 形容词（可……的） believe(v.)相信 → believable(adj.)可信的 -ing 动词 → 形容词（令人……，修饰物） |surprise → surprising -ed动词 → 形容词（感到……，修饰人） surprise → surprised 例句1：The showed his great to us.这位发明家向我们展示了他伟大的发明。 例句2：This news made all of us .这条令人吃惊的消息让我们所有人都很惊讶。 三、双宾语结构 SVOO 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 结构1：主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 课文例句：He gave the world his hybrid rice technology.他把杂交水稻技术带给了全世界。 拓展例句1：My father bought me a new notebook.爸爸给我买了一本新笔记本。 拓展例句2：She told us an interesting story.她给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 结构2：主语 + 动词 + 直接宾语 + to / for + 间接宾语 加 to：强调“传递、交给”，常用动词：give, pass, send, show, offer, lend 课文例句：He offered training courses to the farmers.他为农民们提供培训课程。 例句：Please send an email to your teacher.请给你的老师发一封邮件。 加 for：强调“为某人做/买”，常用动词：buy, cook, make, choose 例句：She cooked a big dinner for her family.她为家人做了一顿丰盛的晚餐。 重要易错辨析（必考） 并不是所有动词都支持双宾语结构！ 错误：explain me the rule 正确：explain the rule to me （只能用 explain sth to sb） 同类词：describe, suggest 例句：He explained the grammar rule to his students.他向学生讲解这条语法规则。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作要求：科技改变生活，它能帮我们做什么（学习、生活），写出它带来的便利；再说出它的缺点与风险；最后给出观点，我们要理性、正确地使用人工智能。 2. 写作框架 根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计人总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。 假如你是李华，你校即将就“人工智能对学习的影响”这一话题展开讨论，你总结了同学们的意见并结合了自己的想法，现请你写一篇文章，谈谈人工智能对学习的正面和负面影响。 提示词语:learn, benefit, problem, lazy,careful 内容提示: Describe how AI can help students in learning. Describe possible problems or disadvantages of using AI. What can we do to use it wisely? I'm Li Hua. I want to talk about the pros and cons of using AI in study. 谋篇布局 3. 写作素材 优秀开头句 1. With the rapid development of technology, AI has become one of the most amazing inventions.随着科技飞速发展，人工智能成为最了不起的发明之一。 2. Many new inventions are changing our world. Today I want to talk about AI.很多新发明正在改变世界，今天我想聊聊人工智能。 内容介绍句 1. AI can help us learn new knowledge, translate languages and solve difficult problems.人工智能可以帮我们学习新知识、翻译语言、解决难题。 2. It saves our time and makes our study much more convenient.它节省我们的时间，让学习便利很多。 3. However, if we depend on AI too much, we won’t think with our own brains.但是，如果我们过度依赖 AI，就不会自己动脑思考。 4. Some students may copy answers from AI and give up thinking independently.有些学生会抄 AI 的答案，放弃独立思考。 5. AI is only a tool and it cannot take the place of our own thinking.AI 只是工具，它不能取代我们自己的思考。 优秀结尾句 1. We should make good use of AI and never stop thinking independently.我们要善用人工智能，永远不要停止独立思考。 2. AI can help us, but it is we ourselves that decide how to learn.AI 可以帮助我们，但如何学习，决定权在我们自己手上。 4. 范文背诵 I'm Li Hua. I want to talk about the pros and cons of using AI in study. Nowadays, AI technology is widely used in education. However, it is a two-edged sword that can bring both benefits and harm. 一、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. The ________（轮子）of the old bike is broken. 2. Every ________（乘客）on the driverless bus must follow the rules. 3. This small ________（装置）can collect useful information. 4. The ________（发明）of steam engines changed the world greatly. 5. The scientist worked ________（持续不断地）for months. 6. Out of ________（好奇心）, he began to study the new machine. 7. Yuan Longping was a great ________（发明家）in China. 8. There is still room for ________（改进）in this new car. 9. He was ________（满意的）with the result of the experiment. 10. The ________（开拓性的）research helped farmers grow more rice. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. He ________ (invent) a new tool to help farmers many years ago. 2. The ________ (household) name Yuan Longping is known by all Chinese people. 3. It is ________ (believe) that the high‑speed train can run so fast. 4. We are ________ (satisfy) with the great ________ (improve) of the machine. 5. The engine parts will ________ (wear) out after long‑time use. 6. The ________ (develop) countries need more new inventions. 7. The ________ (observe) wrote down what he saw in the lab. 8. ________ (hunger) people need food and help. 9. The ________ (motor) runs on steam. 10. Lots of ________ (experiment) show this hybrid rice works well. 二．完形填空 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Digital invention has changed our life greatly, with the rapid 1 of science and technology, many small inventions make our daily life easier. The digital sticky note is one of these small inventions that are much better than the traditional ones. It is a simple tool, but brings much convenience to people of all ages, especially students and office workers. Unlike traditional paper sticky notes, this small digital tool can be 2 on phones, tablets and computers. You can 3 type down your notes, set a reminder and stick them on your screen. It has a clear 4 over paper ones: it will never get lost or fade away. You can also change its color and size freely to make it more eye-catching. Many people say this small invention has a positive 5 on their lives. Students use it to record key knowledge and homework reminders. Office workers use it to mark important tasks and meeting time. It helps us plan our time better and avoid 6 important things. Though it is a small digital invention, it shows how technology changes our life. We should 7 an eye on such small inventions and use them to make our life more convenient and colorful. Some people even think it is one of the most 8 inventions in recent years. It is not expensive and easy to use. Everyone can learn to use it in a few minutes. It 9 our daily life with technology, and lets us enjoy the benefits. This small invention tells us that great things often come from small 10 . 1．A．different B．development C．difficulty D．change 2．A．made B．used C．checked D．told 3．A．hardly B．simply C．carefully D．slowly 4．A．problem B．risk C．advantage D．mistake 5．A．effect B．result C．chance D．reason 6．A．remembering B．forgetting C．doubting D．reading 7．A．pay B．look C．keep D．make 8．A．useless B．boring C．useful D．expensive 9．A．builds B．works C．keeps D．connects 10．A．books B．tools C．ideas D．dreams 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $