内容正文:
2026-2027学年八年级英语上册期中重难点专项训练(人教版新教材)
专项05 语法选择专练Unit1-Unit4
基础篇
(1)
Do you like to go on vacation? Taking a vacation is 1 interesting activity. It is usually relaxing and has a lot of fun. You 2 travel (旅行) to new places, try new things, and meet new people during a vacation.
But do you know that vacation has 3 good point? It helps improve your health. It’s true 4 vacation lets you have a good rest. Enough rest makes you feel less tired. And you will feel 5 and your mind will be clearer than before. A good rest helps improve your mood 6 .
Moreover, vacation gives more than just rest. It gives you a chance 7 more exercise as well. It allows you to jump, run, swim, and play. Vacation also lets you do things you enjoy. When you do things you enjoy doing, you 8 happy, and feeling happy is good for you. So just go and take a vacation!
There are many different 9 vacations and there are many different things to do on vacation. Some people like outdoor activities, so hiking and camping are good choices for 10 . Other people who like sun, sand, and swimming often go to the sea. People who prefer big cities like to visit museums and go to restaurants. What about you? Have you had a vacation plan? I have one. I will take a vacation to Beijing this summer holiday! Plan your vacation soon!
1.A.a B.an C.the
2.A.must B.should C.can
3.A.other B.others C.another
4.A.or B.so C.because
5.A.relaxing B.relaxed C.relax
6.A.too B.also C.either
7.A.get B.to get C.getting
8.A.will feel B.feels C.felt
9.A.kind of B.kinds of C.a kind of
10.A.they B.their C.them
(2)
Several months ago, I went to Yunnan for my summer holiday with my family. It was really
enjoyable. Here I’d like to tell you 11 my trip.
The first morning, we got up early. We 12 to go sightseeing (观光) around Lugu Lake first. We went boating and saw 13 beautiful. Then we started to climb up a hill. On the top of the hill, we saw beautiful and clear scenery. I really enjoyed 14 .
The second morning, we went to Lijiang 15 bus. It took a lot of time to go there. When we arrived there, it was almost in 16 evening. After a short rest, we had a picnic and enjoyed the old streets under the moon.
We went to Kunming, the “spring city”, on the third day. We visited Dianchi, watched the birds and went to the flower market. 17 we were a little tired, we had a fantastic day.
The 18 trip was great. I think Yunnan is a very 19 place. I will never forget the days I spent in Yunnan and I hope 20 it again.
11.A.with B.about C.of
12.A.decided B.decide C.will decide
13.A.everything B.something C.anything
14.A.me B.my C.myself
15.A.by B.in C.on
16.A.an B.a C.the
17.A.But B.Although C.Because
18.A.three-day B.three days C.three-days
19.A.beautiful B.most beautiful C.more beautiful
20.A.visit B.visiting C.to visit
(3)
I am Jack. I study at Kenny Middle School. I am 21 only child in my family. I live in a flat in the city centre. My dad 22 in a hospital and my mum is an artist. Last month, my mum got a new job in Hong Kong! She stays there and only comes home at weekends and during holidays.
I 23 to do any housework at home before. My mother used to do everything for me. She 24 meals and washed the clothes for me. But now she works in Hong Kong. She told me 25 after myself. “You must learn to do everything for yourself while I am away,” she said.
So I am learning how to cook and wash the clothes by 26 . I also tidy my bedroom every day and help my dad 27 the kitchen and the living room. 28 hard work it is! My meals do not taste good at all and my clothes are not very clean.
29 I can’t do these things very well, my parents are very happy with me. They say I will learn 30 and my housework skills will soon improve. My mum thinks it is good for me to be independent (独立的). I know she is right. After all, in the future I will not have my parents do everything for me. It’s better to start learning now.
21.A.a B.an C.the
22.A.work B.works C.working
23.A.don’t have B.doesn’t have C.didn’t have
24.A.cooks B.cooking C.cooked
25.A.looking B.look C.to look
26.A.I B.my C.myself
27.A.clean B.cleaning C.cleaned
28.A.How B.What C.What a
29.A.Because B.Though C.If
30.A.quickness B.quickly C.quickest
(4)
Lisa got some tomato seeds (种子) from her friend. She borrowed a gardening book 31 her mum and planted the seeds on the balcony. A week later, the seeds sprouted (发芽), and they brought 32 joy to Lisa. “Perhaps I should water 33 very often,” she looked at the small plants and thought, “just as children need milk 34 strong!”
The next morning, Lisa spent some time watering the 35 . Before leaving for school, she asked her mum to water the plants at noon. Her mum agreed. Lisa didn’t water the plants once more 36 she came home in the evening. Her mum noticed that and said worriedly, “Lisa, too much water is bad for plants. They might be 37 !”
Lisa nodded 38 said quietly, “Sorry, Mum.”
Her mum smiled and 39 , “Read the gardening book carefully. If you take care of them the right way, the plants will grow well. In several months, we’ll have juicy tomatoes. You can even 40 your friends over and enjoy them together!”
“That’s wonderful! I’ll share both the tomatoes and my happiness with them!” Lisa said excitedly.
31.A.to B.from C.with
32.A.many B.much C.more
33.A.them B.they C.their
34.A.grow B.growing C.to grow
35.A.plant B.plants C.plants’
36.A.until B.when C.though
37.A.die B.dead C.death
38.A.but B.so C.and
39.A.add B.added C.is adding
40.A.invite B.invites C.invited
(5)
Should friends be the same or different? Here are three students’ ideas about that.
Jeff Green is 41 quiet and serious boy. That’s why he likes reading books and he studies hard in class. His mother told 42 a good friend is like a mirror. His best friend Yuan Li is quiet too, so they enjoy 43 together. Jeff is shy so it’s not easy for him 44 friends. But he thinks friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re 45 .
Huang Lei thinks friends don’t need to be the same. His best friend Larry is quite different from him. He is 46 than him. They both like sports, 47 Larry plays tennis better. With Larry’s help, Huang Lei is getting better at tennis. However, Larry is much less hard-working. Huang Lei thinks he should help Larry with his study.
Mary Smith doesn’t really care if her friends are the same as her or different. Her favourite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” Her best friend Carol is kind and funny. Mary 48 her arm last year but Carol made her laugh and feel better. They 49 talk about and share everything. Carol is a good listener and she always listens to Mary 50 . Mary feels lucky to be friends with her.
41.A.a B.an C.the
42.A.he B.him C.his
43.A.study B.studied C.studying
44.A.make B.made C.to make
45.A.better B.good C.best
46.A.outgoing B.more outgoing C.most outgoing
47.A.so B.or C.but
48.A.break B.breaks C.broke
49.A.can B.must C.should
50.A.care B.careful C.carefully
(6)
My two best friends Tina and Bella are different in some ways. Tina is very tall and likes music. She’s good at 51 . Her classmates and I like to listen to her songs. Bella is 52 shorter and likes nothing about music. She always says she 53 understand why Tina likes it. But they also have something in common.
First, they are smart. Tina is very hard-working and does 54 good job in a hospital. Bella, 55 , is thinking about going on learning abroad. She wants to know how the teachers teach in a foreign country.
Second, they are helpful. Tina 56 always there for me when I have ups and downs in my life. Bella also cares about me a lot. She often helps me 57 my problems or just listens to me. I would like to say they both give me a lot of help in 58 special ways.
Lastly, they are quite funny. Tina knows how to make me laugh when I feel 59 . Bella also does the same. She knows how to make herself and everybody around her happy. So we all like her. 60 kind girl!
51.A.to sing B.singing C.sing
52.A.a little B.little C.a few
53.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t
54.A.an B.a C.the
55.A.so B.however C.because
56.A.was B.were C.is
57.A.with B.on C.in
58.A.them B.they C.their
59.A.unhappy B.unhappily C.unhappiness
60.A.What a B.How a C.How
(7)
Ben and Sue were building a sand castle with Dad on the beach. Suddenly, they heard 61 loud noise coming from behind some rocks. The two kids 62 climbed onto the rocks and looked over.
“Penguins! I’ve never seen penguins on a beach!” shouted Ben. “Be quiet, 63 you’ll make them feel afraid,” Dad said in a low voice. “Those are African penguins. This beach is 64 home.”
At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking towards the penguin eggs near the rocks. He quickly drove it away.
“The seabird will eat the penguin eggs,” said Dad. “Come with me.”
They walked 65 the beach until they came to the Penguin Care Center. “This is where I work. These African penguins are in danger now. My job is to take care of them,” Dad said.
“That’s great!” said Ben.
“Yes. The number of the penguins was once much 66 , but it isn’t very big anymore. One reason is that the penguin eggs are eaten by seabirds. 67 is that the fishermen in this area catch too many fish. Penguins 68 find enough food for their babies. So the government is taking action to stop people from 69 for a whole season every year,” Dad explained.
“Now we are trying our best 70 the penguin eggs. Do you want to help me?” Dad asked. “Yes!” Ben and Sue both replied.
61.A.a B.an C.the
62.A.care B.carefully C.careful
63.A.and B.or C.but
64.A.they B.them C.their
65.A.above B.off C.along
66.A.big B.bigger C.the biggest
67.A.Another B.Other C.Others
68.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t
69.A.fish B.fishing C.to fish
70.A.protect B.to protect C.protecting
(8)
Guide dogs are important to blind people. However, not everyone is lucky enough to have such 71 life helper.
There are about 20 million blind people in our country, 72 there are just over 400 guide dogs. A blind person has to wait 73 a long time to get a guide dog. Also, it is very expensive to train a guide dog. So not all the blind people have 74 own guide dogs.
Last year, a team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University 75 a robot guide dog to help blind people. The robot dog has six legs and is very smart. It can see, listen and speak. Now the blind people can get a guide dog 76 than before.
Some people think it might be 77 for the blind to use the robot guide dog. The head of the team believes there is no need to worry about it for the following 78 . First, with six legs, the robot guide dog can walk smoothly (平稳地). Second, users can ask the robot 79 slowly or quickly. What’s more, the robot can read traffic lights and avoid obstacles (躲避障碍).
The team believes 80 the blind have robot guide dogs, they will live a better life in the future.
71.A.a B.the C./
72.A.and B.because C.but
73.A.in B.for C.at
74.A.they B.their C.theirs
75.A.builds B.built C.is building
76.A.easier B.more easily C.the most easily
77.A.danger B.dangerous C.dangerously
78.A.reason B.reasons’ C.reasons
79.A.walk B.walked C.to walk
80.A.if B.that C.why
提升篇
(1)
Last weekend, my friends and I decided to have a trip. We 1 at 8:00 a.m. and 2 to a small village. The weather 3 sunny and warm. First, we 4 a walk around the village. We 5 many old houses and beautiful gardens. Then, we 6 lunch at a small restaurant. The food 7 very delicious. In the afternoon, we 8 a boat on the lake. Some of us 9 songs, and others 10 photos. We went back home at 5:00 p.m. We were tired but happy.
1.A.start B.started C.will start
2.A.drive B.drives C.drove
3.A.is B.was C.will be
4.A.take B.takes C.took
5.A.see B.saw C.will see
6.A.have B.has C.had
7.A.is B.was C.will be
8.A.row B.rows C.rowed
9.A.sing B.sings C.sang
10.A.take B.takes C.took
(2)
My family and I went on vacation in Las Vegas. It was an exciting trip. But on the last day, there was 11 . My family went to watch a show on that day. There were many people in the theater 12 it. 13 the show was over, the people started to leave. My little sister walked with me. But 14 minutes later, some people separated (分开) us. I couldn’t find her! I thought she would be 15 my parents. But when I 16 them, my sister was not there. After two 17 , we still didn’t find her. We had to go back to our hotel. To 18 surprise, my sister was at the hotel. She said a kind woman took her back.
The thing taught me 19 important lesson: I need to look after my sister well. I believe 20 always more good people in the world.
11.A.bad something B.something bad C.bad anything
12.A.watch B.watching C.to watch
13.A.When B.Where C.If
14.A.few B.little C.a few
15.A.of B.for C.with
16.A.find B.finds C.found
17.A.hour B.hours C.hours’
18.A.our B.us C.we
19.A.a B.an C.the
20.A.there are B.there is C.they are
(3)
In many families, Mums do the most housework. But many Mums 21 different ways to provide time and chances for Dads or children to help with chores. And they think this way is 22 than the others.
Amber is a good doctor and she works hard and 23 every day. One day when she arrived home from work, she was too tired to do 24 . There was 25 mess in the rooms, but she just slept in bed and did nothing at all. When other 26 of the family came back home, she didn’t get up and went on sleeping. When they saw this, they began to clean the rooms and made sure that everything 27 in order. Then they began to cook meals. Amber said, “I saw them cleaning up the rooms while I was lying in bed. I wanted to help them out, but I didn’t. They must know I was really tired.”
Katie is a teacher and a mother. She teaches 28 daughter Emily some skills of doing different chores. And she is ready to learn. Her daughter often says, “Doing chores 29 help me to be independent (独立). When my mother finds the chores are done when she is off work, she feels very 30 . ” In fact, all the parents should get along well with their children, communicate with them and do chores with them at home.
21.A.has B.have C.will have
22.A.the better B.better C.the best
23.A.carefully B.care C.careful
24.A.nothing B.anything C.something
25.A.the B./ C.a
26.A.member B.member’s C.members
27.A.is B.was C.were
28.A.her B.she C.hers
29.A.need B.can C.must
30.A.happy B.happily C.happiness
(4)
In some Western countries, many children do chores (做家务) to get money. School students have 31 homework on weekdays. So they often do chores on weekends. Some young children don’t get much money 32 they only do easy chores. But that’s all right. Many of 33 only want to buy candies. And candies are cheap (便宜的)! They help pack up their toys, do the dishes 34 dinner, and take out the 35 when they go out. When children get older (年长的), they want to buy more 36 . So they have to work harder! Often they help their parents wash the family car, cut the grass or 37 the floor. Doing chores is 38 good way for kids to learn new things. For example, they can learn how to use a lawn mower (割草机) or 39 to cook. Of course, they should be 40 when they do these chores. And their parents often help them at first.
31.A.to do B.doing C.do
32.A.although B.before C.because
33.A.they B.them C.their
34.A.in B.on C.after
35.A.rubbish’s B.rubbish C.rubbishes
36.A.thing’s B.things C.thing
37.A.swept B.sweep C.sweeping
38.A./ B.an C.a
39.A.what B.how C.why
40.A.care B.carefully C.careful
(5)
How time flies! I 41 at this school about three years ago. It left me with many good memories.
I remembered the 42 sports meeting in Grade 7. We practised 43 for the competition. It taught me that teamwork is important. It also taught me that sometimes the process (过程) is 44 than the results.
I have changed a lot in the past three years. I 45 nervous and shy. I was even afraid to talk to 46 . To change this, I made up my mind to make more friends. I tried to smile more and talk to many people, and 47 worked. I have made some good friends. I am more outgoing and more confident.
My friends have helped me a lot. When I feel upset, they are always there to give me 48 shoulder to cry on. They give me some 49 to deal with troubles. I feel so lucky to have such good friends.
It’s time for us 50 . I have to say goodbye to the people who shared happiness and sorrow with me. I’ll value them forever.
41.A.study B.studied C.am studying
42.A.excite B.excited C.exciting
43.A.hard B.hardly C.harder
44.A.important B.much important C.more important
45.A.was used to be B.used to be C.was used to being
46.A.another B.other C.others
47.A.its B.it C.it’s
48.A.a B.an C.the
49.A.advice B.advices C.pieces of advices
50.A.leave B.to leave C.left
(6)
My name is Jason. I’m 51 happy boy. At school, I have 52 friends. There are six people in my family—my mother, my father, my sister, my two brothers and me. They love 53 very much. I like to go to school 54 my teachers and classmates are all very nice.
I am good 55 most of my school subjects, and of all the subjects, I like history best. 56 do I like studying history so much? Because history is about the stories in the past.
David is one of my best friends. Our birthdays are both on March 10th. We have similar tastes. I like black and he 57 black, too. Both of us like 58 soccer. In fact, he plays soccer 59 than I do. We often play soccer after school. We are also different in some ways. I like apples, 60 he doesn’t like them. He does well in math. I do well in English.
51.A.a B.an C.the
52.A.few B.much C.many
53.A.I B.me C.my
54.A.so B.if C.because
55.A.in B.at C.on
56.A.Why B.What C.How
57.A.like B.likes C.will like
58.A.play B.played C.playing
59.A.better B.best C.well
60.A.but B.or C.and
(7)
Many ocean animals are hunters. They find and eat other fish. Sharks are one of them. They are also one of 61 hunters in the water. Is it 62 they have big and strong teeth?
A tiny drop of blood (血) 63 into the ocean. A few minutes later, ten sharks appear. How do they know? Sharks have 64 very good sense of smell. Their 65 work amazingly well. They know exactly where a smell is coming from.
If a shark smells a fish, it may know which way 66 it. Also, sharks can see much 67 than the other ocean animals even in dark places.
Still don’t think sharks are good hunters? If you hide (躲) from a shark, it will find you 68 . Sharks are able to feel things moving in the water. They can feel the water change if 69 swims near them.
Do you know that some sharks sleep 70 their eyes open? It’s true! How do you know if a shark is sleeping or it is looking for something to eat? You don’t! And there’s only one way to find out—wait.
61.A.good B.better C.the best
62.A.because B.that C.so
63.A.fall B.falls C.will fall
64.A.a B.an C.the
65.A.nose B.noses C.noses’
66.A.catch B.catching C.to catch
67.A.clear B.more clear C.more clearly
68.A.easy B.easily C.easiness
69.A.nothing B.everything C.something
70.A.by B.on C.with
(8)
Jane Goodall, one of 71 most famous animal scientists in the world, was born in England in 1934. Her love 72 animals started in her childhood. Her father gave her a toy chimpanzee (猩猩), which brought her a lot of 73 .
In 1960, at the age of 26, Goodall went to Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania. There, she began studying chimpanzees. She watched their everyday lives 74 : how they built nests, looked after 75 children, and worked together in groups. She found that chimpanzees are 76 than people thought. They used sticks (树枝) to get insects from trees. It changed the old idea that only humans 77 make and use tools.
In her life, Goodall never stopped studying. She worked hard to do 78 to protect chimpanzees and their living places. In 1977, she set up the Jane Goodall Institute. It tried to save chimpanzees and told people about caring for nature and 79 the environment. She kept helping animals and the planet, even in her old age.
Goodall 80 in 2025 at the age of 91. Her work not only helped with the development of science by changing people’s ideas about animals, but also encouraged millions of young people to take action for the wildlife and the natural world.
71.A.a B./ C.the
72.A.for B.from C.in
73.A.unhappy B.happy C.happiness
74.A.care B.carefully C.careful
75.A.they B.their C.them
76.A.smartest B.smart C.smarter
77.A.should B.must C.could
78.A.something B.anything C.nothing
79.A.protect B.to protect C.protecting
80.A.die B.died C.dies
(9)
Sunflowers look like small suns and bring joy to others. There are different kinds 81 sunflowers. Besides yellow sunflowers, there are also red and white ones. On average, sunflowers grow 6-10 feet tall, but 82 ever reached 30 feet—taller than a house! Each flower actually 83 2,000 small flowers inside. They grow close together and make sweet snacks for bees and other insects.
Sunflowers are 84 with the sun. They follow the sun across the sky. They move from east to west during the day 85 then move back to the east at night. However, they only do this as young plants because it helps them grow much 86 . When they grow up, sunflowers always face east. It helps bring in bees and other pollinators.
Many years ago, people 87 sunflowers as food in North America. They are very useful, so they are popular among people.
Sunflowers are also symbols of 88 and friendship. People give them to celebrate birthdays, or lift the spirits of 89 sad friend. From their sunny appearance to their happy meaning, sunflowers remind 90 of life's brightest things.
81.A.of B.from C.with
82.A.the taller B.tallest C.the tallest
83.A.have B.has C.had
84.A.connect B.connected C.connecting
85.A.and B.so C.or
86.A.well B.better C.best
87.A.grow B.grows C.grew
88.A.happy B.happily C.happiness
89.A.a B.an C.the
90.A.we B.us C.them
(10)
Sometimes good things come in pairs. Perhaps no one 91 it better than Shin Lim. After becoming 92 player in Season 13 of America’s Got Talent (AGT) last September, the Canadian American 93 also won America’s Got Talent: The Champions again not long ago.
Lim was born in Vancouver, Canada in 1991. When he was 11, his family moved to Massachusetts, US. The boy was interested 94 music and started piano training at 9. At the age of 16, one day, young Lim saw his brother 95 card tricks, and he fell in love with it. He taught himself from YouTube, 96 popular video-sharing website. He was better at magic than music. Soon after, he began giving performances there.
In college Lim studied piano. 97 , an illness led him to decide between music and magic. Finally he chose 98 magic. He spent all the time practising card tricks. His hard work paid off. Before winning AGT, he won many international prizes 99 . “He’s incredible (不可思议的),” the host Terry Crews said. “I know it’s magic, but he made me think it was true every time.”
After his AGT success, Lim said, “I couldn’t be happier. All I can say is to follow 100 dreams, really.”
91.A.knows B.knew C.know
92.A.great B.greater C.the greatest
93.A.magic B.magical C.magician
94.A.in B.for C.with
95.A.played B.playing C.to play
96.A.a B.an C.the
97.A.Lucky B.Luck C.Unluckily
98.A.learn B.learned C.to learn
99.A.also B.either C.too
100.A.you B.yours C.your
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
2026-2027学年八年级英语上册期中重难点专项训练(人教版新教材)
专项05 语法选择专练Unit1-Unit4
基础篇
(1)
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C
【导语】本文介绍度假是一项有趣的活动,讲述度假可以帮助我们休养身体、改善心情,还能进行锻炼,同时介绍了多种多样的度假方式,号召大家制定度假计划。
【详解】1.句意:度假是一项有趣的活动。
此处泛指一次有趣的活动,且interesting是以元音音素开头的单词,要用不定冠词an,an“一个”符合语法。a“一个(用于辅音音素开头单词前)”,the“这个,表特指”,均不符合。
2.句意:假期里,你可以去新地方旅行、尝试新事物、认识新朋友。
句子表达假期能够做这些事情,can“可以,能够”符合语境。must“必须”,should“应该”,均不符合。
3.句意:但是你知道假期还有另一个好处吗?
此处指众多好处中的另外一个,another“另一,再一”符合语法。other“其他的,后接复数名词”,others“其他的人或物,后面不能再加名词”,均不符合。
4.句意:因为假期能让你好好休息,这是真的。
后半句是在解释前面这句话成立的原因,because“因为”符合语境。or“或者”,so“所以”,均不符合。
5.句意:你将会感到放松,你的头脑也会比之前更清晰。
此处用来描述人的感受,relaxed“感到放松的”符合语法。relaxing“令人放松的,修饰事物”,relax“放松,动词”,均不符合。
6.句意:充分休息也有助于改善你的情绪。
本句是肯定句,放在句末表示“也”,too“也”符合语法。also“也,放在句中”,either“也,用于否定句末尾”,均不符合。
7.句意:它也给你机会获得更多锻炼。
固定搭配a chance to do sth.表示“做某事的机会”,to get“去获得”符合语法。get“获得,动词原形”,getting“获得,动名词”,均不符合。
8.句意:当你做自己喜欢的事时,你将会感到开心,感到开心对你有益。
本句是when引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现,主句用一般将来时,will feel“将会感到”符合语法。feels“感到,一般现在时的第三人称单数”,felt“感到,过去式”,均不符合。
9.句意:有许多不同种类的假期,在假期里可以做各种各样的事。
many different后面接名词复数,kinds of“各种各样的”符合语法。kind of“有点儿”,a kind of“一种”,均不符合。
10.句意:有些人喜欢户外活动,所以徒步旅行和露营对他们来说是不错的选择。
介词for后面要用人称代词宾格,them“他们(宾格)”符合语法。they“他们(主格)”,their“他们的(形容词性物主代词)”,均不符合。
(2)
11.B 12.A 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者几个月前和家人去云南度假的经历,详细描述了泸沽湖、丽江和昆明的行程及此次旅行的美好感受。
【详解】11.句意:在这里,我想告诉你关于我的旅行。
根据“tell you ... my trip”,可知句中包含固定搭配“tell sb. about sth.”,意为“告诉某人关于某事”,about“关于”符合。with“和”、of“的”,均不符合语境。
12.句意:我们决定先去泸沽湖周围观光。
根据“The first morning, we got up early.”,可知文章叙述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,decided“决定”(过去式)符合。decide“决定”(原形)、will decide“将决定”,均不符合时态要求。
13.句意:我们去划船,看到了一些美丽的景色。
根据“saw ... beautiful”,可知形容词修饰不定代词需后置,此处表示看到了一些美好的事物,且肯定句中常用something“某事”。everything“一切”、anything“任何事”,不符合。
14.句意:我真的玩得很开心。
根据“I really enjoyed ...”,可知句中包含固定短语“enjoy oneself”,意为“玩得开心”,主语是I,对应的反身代词是myself“我自己”。me“我”、my“我的”,无法构成该短语。
15.句意:第二天早上,我们乘公交车去了丽江。
根据“... bus”,可知此处无冠词the,表示交通方式用“by+交通工具”,by bus意为“乘公交车”,by“通过,乘”符合。in“在……里”、on“在……上”,不符合。
16.句意:当我们到达那里时,几乎是晚上了。
根据“in ... evening”,可知句中包含固定短语“in the evening”,意为“在晚上”,此处表特指时间段,the“这个”符合。an“一个”(元音音素前)、a“一个”(辅音音素前),不符合。
17.句意:虽然我们有点累,但我们度过了美好的一天。
根据“... we were a little tired, we had a fantastic day.”,可知前后句存在让步关系,although引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然累但开心”,Although“虽然”符合。But“但是”、Because“因为”,不符合。
18.句意:三天的旅行很棒。
根据“The ... trip”,可知需填入形容词修饰名词trip,“数词+名词单数”构成复合形容词,three-day意为“三天的”。three days“三天”、three-days错误表达,不符合 。
19.句意:我认为云南是一个非常美丽的地方。
根据“a very ... place”,可知very修饰形容词原级,且无比较范围,只表示赞美,无需比较或最高级,beautiful“美丽的”(原级)符合。 most beautiful“最美丽的”(最高级)、more beautiful“更美丽的”(比较级),不符合。
20.句意:我希望再次去那里游玩。
根据“I hope ... it again”,可知句中包含固定用法“hope to do sth.”,意为“希望做某事”,需用动词不定式作宾语,to visit“去参观”(加动词不定式)符合。visit“参观”(原形)、visiting“参观”(动名词/分词),不符合。
(3)
21.C 22.B 23.C 24.C 25.C 26.C 27.A 28.B 29.B 30.B
【导语】本文讲述了杰克因妈妈去香港工作,开始学习独立做家务,虽然做得不够好,但父母为他感到高兴的故事。
【详解】21.句意:我是家里的独生子。
此处“only child”是固定表达,意为“独生子/女”,且“the only + 名词”是固定搭配表特指“唯一的”,应选用定冠词the。
22.句意:我的爸爸在一家医院工作,我的妈妈是一名艺术家。
句子描述的是客观常态的事实,主语“My dad”是第三人称单数,一般现在时的谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式works。
23.句意:我以前在家不需要做任何家务。
句尾的“before”提示动作发生在过去,描述过去的状态,要使用一般过去时的否定形式,应选用didn’t have。
24.句意:她给我做饭、洗衣服。
and连接并列的谓语结构,后面的washed是动词过去式,说明句子是一般过去时,前面的动词也要使用过去式cooked。
25.句意:她告诉我要照顾好我自己。
此处是固定搭配tell sb. to do sth.,意为“告诉某人做某事”,要选用不定式结构to look。
26.句意:所以我正在学习如何独自做饭、洗衣服。
此处是固定搭配by oneself,意为“独自地、靠自己”,对应主语I要使用反身代词myself。
27.句意:我也每天整理我的卧室,还帮我爸爸打扫厨房和客厅。
此处是固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.,意为“帮助某人做某事”,要选用动词原形clean。
28.句意:这是多么辛苦的工作啊!
此处是感叹句结构,中心词是不可数名词work,要使用“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语”的感叹句结构,选用What。How引导感叹句时后面要直接接形容词或副词;What a后面要接可数名词单数,均不符合不可数名词work对应的感叹句规则。
29.句意:虽然我不能把这些事情做得很好,但我的父母对我很满意。
前后句是让步逻辑关系,要选用Though“虽然,尽管”引导让步状语从句。Because“因为”引导原因状语从句;If“如果”引导条件状语从句,均不符合此处的转折让步逻辑。
30.句意:他们说我会学得很快,我的家务技能很快就会提升。
此处修饰动词learn,需要使用副词形式quickly。
(4)
31.B 32.B 33.A 34.C 35.B 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.B 40.A
【导语】本文讲述Lisa种植番茄种子的经历。她向妈妈借书种植,因过度浇水被纠正,最终明白正确照顾植物的方法。
【详解】31.句意:她从妈妈那里借了一本园艺书。
固定搭配borrow sth. from sb.意为“向某人借某物”。故选B。
32.句意:它们给Lisa带来了许多快乐。
joy是不可数名词,需用much修饰。故选B。
33.句意:也许我应该经常给它们浇水。
water是动词,意为“浇水”,后接代词的宾格形式作宾语。them是宾格,they是主格,their是形容词性物主代词。故选A。
34.句意:就像孩子需要牛奶来长壮一样。
固定搭配need sth. to do sth.意为“需要某物做某事”,动词不定式表目的。故选C。
35.句意:Lisa花了一些时间给植物浇水。
plant是可数名词,前文提到多株小苗,此处用复数plants;plants’是名词所有格,意为“植物的”,不符合。故选B。
36.句意:直到晚上回家她才再次浇水。
固定结构not…until…意为“直到……才……”,空前有否定结构didn’t,此处填until。when“当……时候”,though“尽管”都不符合语法和语境要求。故选A。
37.句意:它们可能会死!
be动词后面接形容词作表语,dead是形容词,意为“死的”。die是动词;death是名词。故选B。
38.句意:Lisa点点头并轻声说。
nodded“点头”和said“说”是顺承的两个动作,用and连接。but表转折,so表因果都不符合语境。故选C。
39.句意:妈妈微笑着补充道。
and连接并列谓语,前面smiled是过去式,后面也要用过去式added。故选B。
40.句意:你甚至可以邀请朋友来。
情态动词can后面必须接动词原形invite。故选A。
(5)
41.A 42.B 43.C 44.C 45.B 46.B 47.C 48.C 49.A 50.C
【导语】本文围绕朋友应该相同还是不同这个话题,介绍了Jeff、Huang Lei、Mary三位学生各自的观点。
【详解】41.句意:Jeff Green是一个文静又严肃的男孩。
quiet是以辅音音素开头的单词,此处表示泛指一个男孩,用不定冠词a,a“一个”符合语境。an“一个(用于元音音素开头单词前)”,the“这个,那个(表特指)”,均不符合。
42.句意:他的妈妈告诉他,好朋友就像一面镜子。
told是动词,动词后面要用人称代词宾格作宾语,him“他(宾格)”符合语法。he“他(主格)”,his“他的(物主代词)”,均不符合。
43.句意:他最好的朋友袁莉也很安静,所以他们喜欢一起学习。
enjoy doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“喜欢做某事”,后面需要接动名词形式。studying“学习”符合语法。study“学习(动词原形)”,studied“学习(过去式)”,均不符合。
44.句意:Jeff 很害羞,所以对他来说交朋友并不容易。
It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.是固定句型,表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”,要用不定式,to make“去做”符合语法。make“做(动词原形)”,made“做(过去式)”,均不符合。
45.句意:但他认为朋友就像书籍——不需要很多,只要他们足够好。
句子没有比较对象,不需要用比较级或最高级,good“好的”符合语法。better“更好的”,best“最好的”,均不符合。
46.句意:他比黄磊更加外向。
句中有than,表示两者对比,要用形容词比较级,more outgoing“更外向的”符合语法。outgoing“外向的(原级)”,most outgoing“最外向的(最高级)”,均不符合。
47.句意:他们都喜欢运动,但是Larry网球打得更好。
前后分句存在转折关系,两人都爱运动,可Larry网球水平更高,but“但是”符合语境。so“所以”,or“或者,否则”,均不符合。
48.句意:去年Mary摔断了胳膊,但是Carol逗她笑,让她感觉好多了。
时间状语last year表示去年,句子要用一般过去时。broke“折断(过去式)”符合语境。break“打破(动词原形)”,breaks“打破(第三人称单数)”,均不符合。
49.句意:他们能够畅谈、分享一切事情。
结合上下文,好朋友之间可以无话不谈,can“可以”符合语境。must“必须”,should“应该”,均不符合。
50.句意:Carol是一个好的倾听者,她总是认真地听Mary倾诉。
此处修饰动词listens,要用副词,carefully“认真地”符合语境。care“关心(动词/名词)”,careful“认真的(形容词)”,均不符合。
(6)
51.B 52.A 53.A 54.B 55.B 56.C 57.A 58.C 59.A 60.A
【导语】本文介绍了作者两位好朋友Tina和Bella的不同与共同点,她们虽性格各异,但都给作者带来了帮助和快乐。
【详解】51.句意:她擅长唱歌。
根据“be good at doing sth.”(擅长做某事),可知介词at后接动名词,应填singing“唱歌”。to sing“去唱”不定式不符;sing“唱”动词原形不符。
52.句意:Bella个子矮一点,而且对音乐毫无兴趣。
根据“shorter”是比较级,可知需用a little“一点”修饰。little“几乎没有”表否定;a few“几个”修饰可数名词复数。
53.句意:她总说她不能理解为什么Tina喜欢它。
根据语境她不喜欢音乐,可知是不能理解,应填can’t“不能”。mustn’t“禁止”;shouldn’t“不应该”表建议,均不符。
54.句意:Tina非常勤奋,在医院工作表现很好。
此处是固定搭配“do a good job”。an“一个”用于元音前;the“这个”表特指。
55.句意:然而,Bella正在考虑继续在国外学习。
根据前后句意对比,表转折关系,应填however“然而”。so“所以”表因果;because“因为”表原因。
56.句意:当我生活中遇到顺境与逆境时,Tina总是在那里支持我。
全文是一般现在时,主语“Tina”是第三人称单数,应填is“是”。was“是”;were“是”时态不符。
57.句意:她经常帮我解决问题或者只是倾听我说话。
根据固定搭配:help sb. with sth.“帮助某人某事”,应填with“在……方面”。on“在……上”;in“在……里”介词搭配错误。
58.句意:我想说她们都以她们特殊的方式给我帮助。
根据修饰名词“ways”,可知需用形容词性物主代词,应填their“她们的”。them“她们(宾格)”;they“她们(主格)”词性不符。
59.句意:当我感到不开心时,Tina知道如何让我大笑。
根据“feel”是系动词,后接形容词作表语,应填unhappy“不开心的”。unhappily“不开心地”,对应副词;unhappiness“不开心,是名词,均不符。
60.句意:多么善良的一个女孩啊!
中心词“girl”是名词,kind以辅音音素开头,感叹句结构为:What + a + adj + n。
(7)
61.A 62.B 63.B 64.C 65.C 66.B 67.A 68.C 69.B 70.B
【导语】本文讲述了Ben和Sue随爸爸在海滩发现企鹅,了解企鹅生存危机及人类保护措施的故事。
【详解】61.句意:突然,他们听到一阵从岩石后方传来的巨大声响。
loud是以辅音音素开头的单词,此处表示“一阵、一个”用不定冠词a,应选a。an用于元音音素开头单词前;the表特指,均不符合语境。
62.句意:两个孩子小心翼翼地爬上岩石往下看。
此处需要副词修饰动词climbed,carefully是副词表“小心地”,应选carefully。care是动词/名词;careful是形容词,二者不能修饰动词。
63.句意:保持安静,不然你们会让它们感到害怕。
or在此处意为“否则、不然”,符合祈使句+or+陈述句结构,应选or。and表并列顺承;but表转折,均不符合逻辑。
64.句意:这片海滩是它们的家园。
此处修饰名词home需要形容词性物主代词their,应选their。they是主格;them是宾格,均不能修饰名词。
65.句意:他们沿着海滩一直走到企鹅救护中心。
walk along是固定搭配“沿着……走”,应选along。above在上方;off离开,均不符合搭配。
66.句意:企鹅的数量曾经多得多,但现在数量不再庞大了。
much后要接形容词比较级,应选bigger。big是原级;the biggest是最高级,均不能用much修饰。
67.句意:另一个原因是这片区域的渔民捕捞了太多鱼。
another指代“(三者及以上中的)另一个”,此处对应前面One reason,应选Another。Other后常接复数名词;Others不能再接名词,均不符合用法。
68.句意:企鹅没法给幼崽找到足够的食物。
前文提到渔民捕捞了大量的鱼,海里鱼变少,所以企鹅不能够为幼鸟找到充足食物。can’t表“不能够”,应选can’t。
69.句意:所以政府采取措施,每年一整个季度禁止人们捕鱼。
stop sb. from doing sth.是固定结构“阻止某人做某事”,应选fishing。fish是动词原形;to fish是不定式,均不符合结构。
70.句意:现在我们正尽全力保护企鹅蛋。
try one’s best to do sth.是固定搭配“尽某人最大努力做某事”,应选to protect。protect是原形;protecting是动名词,均不符合结构。
(8)
71.A 72.C 73.B 74.B 75.B 76.B 77.B 78.C 79.C 80.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了导盲犬的稀缺,上海交大团队研发机器导盲犬帮助盲人,以及其优势和对未来的展望。
【详解】71.句意:然而,并不是每个人都有幸拥有这样一个生活助手。
“such a/an+单数可数名词”意为“这样一个……”,可知需用不定冠词a。the表示特指,/表示不填,不能用于此结构。
72.句意:我国约有2000万盲人,但只有400多只导盲犬。
前句“There are about 20 million blind people in our country”和后句“there are just over 400 guide dogs”构成转折关系,用转折连词but,and“和,又”,because“因为”逻辑错误。
73.句意:盲人必须等待很长时间才能得到一只导盲犬。
句中“a long time”为时间段,应用介词for,这里表示等很久。in“在……里”和at“在”不能在此使用。
74.句意:所以不是所有盲人都有他们自己的导盲犬。
“own guide dogs”为名词短语,需用形容词性物主代词their修饰,意为“他们的”。they“他们”,人称代词主格,theirs“他们的”,名词性物主代词,均不符。
75.句意:去年,上海交大团队建造了一只机器导盲犬去帮助盲人。
根据时间状语“Last year”可知用一般过去时,用built。builds用于一般现在时,is building用于现在进行时,均不符。
76.句意:现在盲人比以前更容易获得导盲犬。
根据“than”可知用比较级,应用more easily修饰动词“get”,意为“更容易地”。easier“更容易的”,形容词,不能修饰动词“get”;the most easily“最容易地”,副词,为最高级。
77.句意:有些人认为盲人使用机器导盲犬可能很危险。
系动词“be”后接形容词作表语,需用dangerous,意为“危险的”。danger“危险”,名词,dangerously“危险地”,副词,均不符。
78.句意:团队负责人认为无需担心,原因如下。
根据“following”及下文列举多条原因,需用复数名词reasons,意为“原因”。reason为单数,reasons’是所有格,均不符。
79.句意:第二,用户可以要求机器人走得慢或快。
ask sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,需用不定式。walk是原形,walked是过去式,均不符。
80.句意:团队相信如果盲人拥有机器导盲犬,未来生活会更好。
根据“they will live a better life in the future”,此处需用if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”。that“那”和why“为什么”,用于引导宾语从句。
提升篇
(1)
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.C
【导语】本文讲述了作者上周末与朋友去小村庄旅行的经历,描述了散步、午餐及划船等活动,表达了愉快的心情。
【详解】1.句意:我们早上8点出发,开车去了一个小村庄。
根据“Last weekend”可知,全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,过去式started符合过去时间状语的要求,表示动作已发生。
2.句意:我们早上8点出发,开车去了一个小村庄。
根据“Last weekend”可知,全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,过去式drove符合过去时间状语的要求,叙述过去的交通方式。
3.句意:天气晴朗温暖。
全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,此处be动词需用过去式was,用于描述过去的天气状况。
4.句意:首先,我们在村庄周围散步。
全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,此处用过去式took,took a walk表示过去发生的散步动作。
5.句意:我们看见了许多老房子和美丽的花园。
全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,此处用过去式saw,用于叙述过去看到的景象。
6.句意:然后,我们在一家小餐馆吃了午饭。
全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,此处用过去式had,表示过去完成的吃午饭动作。
7.句意:食物非常美味。
全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,此处be动词需用过去式was,用于评价过去的食物味道。
8.句意:下午,我们在湖上划船。
全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,此处用过去式rowed,表示过去进行的划船活动。
9.句意:我们中的一些人唱歌,其他人拍照。
全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,此处用过去式sang,表示过去发生的唱歌动作。
10.句意:我们中的一些人唱歌,其他人拍照。
全文描述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,此处用过去式took,took photos表示过去完成的拍照动作。
(2)
11.B 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.A
【导语】本文讲述作者一家在拉斯维加斯度假,看演出时和妹妹走散,最后发现一位好心女士已经把妹妹送回酒店,这件事让作者懂得要照看好妹妹,也相信世上好人很多。
【详解】11.句意:但是在最后一天,发生了一件不好的事。
形容词修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后面,本句为肯定句,something bad“不好的事”符合语境。bad something语序错误,anything用于否定句或疑问句,均不符合。
12.句意:有很多人正在剧院里看这场演出。
本句是there be sb. doing sth.表示“有某人正在做某事”,描述当时正在发生的动作,watching“观看(现在分词)”符合语境。watch“观看(动词原形)”,to watch“观看(动词不定式)”,均不符合。
13.句意:当演出结束的时候,人们开始离开。
句子表达在演出结束这个时间点,人群开始离场,When“当……时候”符合语境。Where“在哪里”,If“如果”,均不符合。
14.句意:但是几分钟之后,人群把我们冲散了。
故事是演出散场,过了一小段时间,人群将作者和妹妹分开,所以应该是几分钟之后,minutes是可数名词复数,a few修饰可数名词复数,表示“一些”,符合语境。few“几乎没有”,little“几乎没有(修饰不可数名词)”,均不符合。
15.句意:我以为她会和我的父母在一起。
作者找不到妹妹,心里猜测妹妹应该跟父母在一起,with“和……一起”符合语境。of“……的”,for“为了”,均不符合。
16.句意:但是当我找到他们的时候,我的妹妹不在那里。
整篇文章是一般过去时,动词使用过去式,found“找到(find 过去式)”符合语法。find“找到(原形)”,finds“找到(第三人称单数)”,均不符合。
17.句意:两个小时之后,我们仍然没有找到她。
two后面接可数名词复数,hours“小时(复数)”符合语法。hour“小时(单数)”,hours’“小时的(名词所有格)”,均不符合。
18.句意:令我们惊讶的是,我的妹妹在酒店。
to one’s surprise是固定搭配,意为“令某人惊讶的是”,one’s用形容词性物主代词,our“我们的”符合语法。us“我们(宾格)”,we“我们(主格)”,均不符合。
19.句意:这件事给我上了重要的一课:我需要好好照看我的妹妹。
这次和妹妹走散的经历,让作者收获了一次经验教训,需用不定冠词表达一次,important是以元音音素开头的单词,an“一个”符合语境。a“一个(用于辅音音素前)”,the“这个(定冠词)”,均不符合。
20.句意:我相信世界上总是有更多好人。
there be句型表示存在有,后面people是复数,be动词用are,there are“有”符合语法。there is“有(后接单数/不可数名词)”,they are“他们是”,均不符合。
(3)
21.B 22.B 23.A 24.B 25.C 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍很多家庭里妈妈承担大部分家务,一些妈妈想出办法让爸爸和孩子一起分担家务,举了Amber和Katie两个家庭的例子,说明家人之间应该沟通、共同做家务。
【详解】21.句意:但是许多妈妈有不同的方法,提供时间和机会,让爸爸或者孩子帮忙做家务。
根据句中主语Mums是复数,一般现在时,谓语动词用原形have。has用于主语单数;will have是将来时,均不符合语境。
22.句意:并且她们认为这种方式比其他方式更好。
根据句中的than可知要用形容词比较级,better是good的比较级。the better不能直接作表语;the best是最高级,均不符合语境。
23.句意:Amber是一名优秀的医生,她努力工作,每天认真工作。
此处修饰动词works,需要副词carefully。care是名词;careful是形容词,均不符合语境。
24.句意:有一天,她下班回家,太累了什么事都做不了。
固定搭配too…to…表示太……而不能……,否定含义,用anything。nothing表示什么都没有;something用于肯定句,均不符合语境。
25.句意:房间里一团糟,但是她只是躺在床上,什么都没做。
固定短语a mess表示一团糟。the表特指;零冠词不符合搭配,均不符合语境。
26.句意:当家里其他成员回家的时候,她没有起床,继续睡觉。
other后面接可数名词复数members。member是单数;member’s是名词所有格,均不符合语境。
27.句意:当他们看到这种情况,就开始打扫房间,确保一切井然有序。
全文是一般过去时,不定代词everything作主语,谓语动词用单数was。is是一般现在时;were是复数谓语,均不符合语境。
28.句意:她教她的女儿Emily一些做不同家务的技能。
后面有名词daughter,要用形容词性物主代词her。she是主格;hers是名词性物主代词,均不符合语境。
29.句意:做家务能帮助我变得独立。can表示能够,可以。need需要;must必须,均不符合语境。
30.句意:当妈妈下班发现家务已经做完,她感到非常开心。
感官动词feel后面接形容词happy作表语。happily是副词;happiness是名词,均不符合语境。
(4)
31.A 32.C 33.B 34.C 35.B 36.B 37.B 38.C 39.B 40.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了西方国家的孩子通过做家务赚取零花钱的现象,以及不同年龄段孩子做的家务种类和意义。
【详解】31.句意:学生工作日有作业要做。
固定搭配“have sth to do”,不定式to do作后置定语,修饰homework,表示“有待完成的作业”,to do符合语境;doing是动名词,do是动词原形,均不符合。
32.句意:一些孩子得不到多少钱因为他们只做简单家务。
根据前后句因果关系,可知此处表原因。because引导原因状语从句,解释钱少的原因,符合语境;although“虽然”、before“在……之前”均不符合。
33.句意:他们中许多人只想买糖果。
介词of后面要用人称代词宾格,them是人称代词宾格,符合语法;they是人称代词主格,their是形容词性物主代词,均不符合。
34.句意:他们帮忙收拾玩具,晚饭后洗碗,出门时把垃圾带出去。
根据“do the dishes”,可知通常是饭后洗碗,after“在……之后”符合生活常识和逻辑;in“在……里面”、on“在……上面”均不符合。
35.句意:他们帮忙收拾玩具,晚饭后洗碗,出门时把垃圾带出去。
根据“take out the”,可知后接名词原形。rubbish为不可数名词,使用原形;rubbish’s是名词所有格,rubbishes形式错误,均不符合。
36.句意:当孩子们长大,他们想要买更多东西。
more后面接可数名词复数,things是可数名词复数,符合语境;thing’s是名词所有格,thing是可数名词单数,均不符合。
37.句意:他们经常帮父母洗车、割草或者扫地。
or连接并列谓语,需要和wash、cut保持形式一致,sweep是动词原形,符合语法;swept是动词过去式,sweeping是现在分词/动名词,均不符合。
38.句意:做家务是学习新事物的一种好方法。
good是以辅音音素开头的单词,a是不定冠词,符合语法;an是不定冠词(用于元音音素开头单词前),/零冠词,均不符合。
39.句意:比如,他们可以学习如何使用割草机或者如何做饭。
“疑问词 + 不定式”结构,how是疑问副词,how to cook表示“如何做饭”,符合语境;what表内容,why表原因,均不符合。
40.句意:当然,做家务的时候他们应该小心。
be动词后面接形容词作表语,careful是形容词,词义为“小心的”,符合语法;care是名词或动词,carefully是副词,均不符合。
(5)
41.B 42.C 43.A 44.C 45.B 46.C 47.B 48.A 49.A 50.B
【导语】本文讲述作者回忆三年校园时光,讲述自身从内向胆怯变得外向自信的成长经历。
【详解】41.句意:大约三年前我在这所学校学习。
根据句中的时间状语“about three years ago”,表示过去的时间,谓语动词要用一般过去式,study的过去式为studied。study 一般现在时,am studying现在进行时,均不符合过去时态。
42.句意:我记得七年级那场令人激动的运动会。
此处修饰名词sports meeting,修饰事物要用‑ing 结尾的形容词exciting。excited用来修饰人,excite是动词,均不符合。
43.句意:我们为这场比赛努力练习。
practise hard表示“努力练习”,hard副词意为“努力地”;hardly意为“几乎不”,harder是比较级,此处无比较含义,故排除。
44.句意:它也教会我有时候过程比结果更重要。
根据后面的“than”可知要用形容词的比较级,important的比较级是more important;much important为错误表达,important是原级,均不符合。
45.句意:我过去常常紧张又害羞。
used to be表示“过去常常(曾经)”;was used to be结构错误,was used to being表示“习惯于”,与语境不符。
46.句意:我甚至害怕和其他人交谈。
others表示“其他人”,后面不再接名词;another表示“另一个”,other后面需要接名词,均不符合句子结构。
47.句意:我试着多微笑,多和人交谈,而且这奏效了。
it用来指代前面提到的做法,在句中作主语;its是形容词性/名词性物主代词,it’s是it is的缩写,均不符合。
48.句意:当我感到沮丧的时候,他们总会给我一个可以依靠的肩膀。
shoulder是以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词,此处表示泛指“一个”,用不定冠词a;an用于元音音素开头单词前,the表特指,均不符。
49.句意:他们给我一些建议来处理麻烦。
advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式advices,pieces of advices表达本身错误,所以选advice。
50.句意:到了我们该离开的时候了。
固定句型It’s time for sb. to do sth.意为“到某人做某事的时间了”,要用动词不定式to leave;leave动词原形,left过去式,均不符合句型。
(6)
51.A 52.C 53.B 54.C 55.B 56.A 57.B 58.C 59.A 60.A
【导语】本文是Jason的自我介绍,介绍了他的家庭、学校生活、喜欢的科目等相关信息。
【详解】51.句意:我是一个快乐的男孩。
此处缺少冠词,happy以辅音音素开头,表示泛指,应使用不定冠词a(一个)。an(一个)用于以元音音素开头的单词前,the表特指。
52.句意:我在学校有很多朋友。
friends为可数名词复数,且本句为肯定句,应使用many(许多)修饰。few(很少)表否定,much(很多)修饰不可数名词。
53.句意:他们非常爱我。
love是动词,后接人称代词宾格形式,me符合。I是主格形式,my是形容词性物主代词。
54.句意:我喜欢上学,因为老师和同学都很好。
前句和后句为因果关系,且后句解释原因,应使用连词because(因为)。so(所以)表结果,if(如果)表条件。
55.句意:我擅长大部分科目。
be good at为固定搭配,表示“擅长”,应使用介词at。in(在……里)和on(在……上)均搭配不当。
56.句意:我为什么这么喜欢历史?
根据答语Because可知,这里是问原因,应使用疑问词Why。What(什么),用于询问事物;How(怎样),用于询问方式。
57.句意:我喜欢黑色,他也喜欢黑色。
主语he是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词应使用三单形式likes。like为原形,will like是一般将来时。
58.句意:我们都喜欢踢足球。
like doing sth表示“喜欢做某事”,应使用动名词形式playing。play为原形,played为过去式。
59.句意:他踢足球踢得比我好。
根据than可知,此处应使用比较级,better符合。best是最高级,well是原级。
60.句意:我喜欢苹果,但他不喜欢它们。
前句和后句为转折关系,应使用连词but(但是)。or(或者)表选择,and(和)表并列。
(7)
61.C 62.A 63.B 64.A 65.B 66.C 67.C 68.B 69.C 70.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了鲨鱼作为海洋猎手的特点,包括它们的嗅觉、视觉、感知能力以及独特的睡眠方式。
【详解】61.句意:它们也是水中最好的猎手之一。
根据“Many ocean animals are hunters. They find and eat other fish. Sharks are one of them.”,可知鲨鱼是海洋动物中最优秀的猎手之一,应用最高级。the best“最好的”,符合语境。good“好的”,better“更好的”,均不符合语境。
62.句意:是因为它们有又大又坚硬的牙齿吗?
前文提出“鲨鱼是顶级捕猎者”的现象,这里询问原因。because“因为”,符合语境。that“那个”,so“所以”,均不符合语境。
63.句意:一滴血落入海洋。
根据“A tiny drop of blood”和“into the ocean”,可知血液落入海洋,主语为单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。falls“落下”,符合语境。fall“落下”,will fall“将要落下”,均不符合语境。
64.句意:鲨鱼有非常灵敏的嗅觉。
根据“very good sense of smell”,可知此处表示“一种”非常好的嗅觉,sense以辅音音素开头。a“一个”,符合语境。an“一个”,the“这个”,均不符合语境。
65.句意:它们的鼻子工作得非常好。
根据“Sharks have a very good sense of smell.”,可知此处指鲨鱼的鼻子,指代所有鲨鱼的鼻子应用复数形式。noses“鼻子”,符合语境。nose“鼻子”,noses’“鼻子的”,均不符合语境。
66.句意:如果鲨鱼闻到鱼的味道,它可能知道往哪条路去抓它。
根据“it may know which way”和“it”,可知此处表示“去抓它”,应用疑问词加动词不定式结构作宾语。to catch“去抓”,符合语境。catch“抓”,catching“正在抓”,均不符合语境。
67.句意:而且,鲨鱼比其他海洋动物在黑暗的地方也能看得更清楚。
根据“sharks can see much”和“than the other ocean animals”,可知此处表示比较,应用副词比较级修饰动词see。more clearly“更清楚地”,符合语境。clear“清楚的”,more clear“更清楚的”,均不符合语境。
68.句意:如果你躲开鲨鱼,它会轻易地找到你。
根据“If you hide from a shark, it will find you”,可知此处表示“轻易地找到”,应用副词修饰动词find。easily“容易地”,符合语境。easy“容易的”,easiness“容易”,均不符合语境。
69.句意:如果有什么东西游近它们,鲨鱼能感觉到水的变化。
根据“Sharks are able to feel things moving in the water.”,可知此处表示“如果有什么东西游近它们”。something“某物”,符合语境。nothing“没有什么”,everything“一切”,均不符合语境。
70.句意:你知道有些鲨鱼睁着眼睛睡觉吗?
固定用法with sth. + 形容词表示“带着/处于某种状态”,sleep with their eyes open意思是“睁着眼睛睡觉”。by“通过”,on“在……上”,均不符合语境。
(8)
71.C 72.A 73.C 74.B 75.B 76.C 77.C 78.A 79.C 80.B
【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上最著名的动物科学家之一简·古道尔。她从小热爱动物,一生致力于研究和保护黑猩猩,并鼓励年轻人为保护野生动物和自然环境采取行动。
【详解】71.句意:简・古道尔,世界上最著名的动物科学家之一,1934年出生于英国。
“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”是固定结构,表示“最……之一”,形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the。
72.句意:她对动物的热爱始于童年时期。
固定搭配love for…意为“对……的热爱”,介词for用来引出对象。
73.句意:她的父亲送给她一个玩具黑猩猩,这带给她许多快乐。
“a lot of”后面需要接名词,happiness是名词,意为“快乐”,符合语法要求。
74.句意:她仔细观察它们的日常生活:它们如何筑巢、照顾幼崽、群体协作。
本空修饰动词“watched”,修饰动词需要使用副词,carefully是副词,意为“仔细地”。
75.句意:她仔细观察它们的日常生活:它们如何筑巢、照顾它们的幼崽、群体协作。
空格后面有名词“children”,需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词。their是形容词性物主代词,表示“它们的”。
76.句意:她发现黑猩猩比人们想象的更聪明。
句中有“than”,表示两者对比,要用形容词的比较级。smarter是smart的比较级,意为“更聪明的”。
77.句意:这推翻了只有人类能够制造和使用工具的旧观念。
这句话是说“改变了只有人类能够制作使用工具的旧观点”,should“应该”、must“必须”都不符合语义,could是can的过去式,意为“能够”,贴合语境。
78.句意:她努力做一些事情来保护黑猩猩以及它们的栖息地。
她努力做一些事来保护黑猩猩,肯定句里表示“某事”用something,anything多用于否定/疑问句,nothing“没有什么”,表示否定,不符合文意。
79.句意:该机构努力拯救黑猩猩,告诉人们关爱自然、保护环境。
本句是并列结构“caring for nature and...the environment”,and连接两个并列的动名词短语,前后形式需要保持一致,protecting符合语境。
80.句意:古道尔于2025年离世,享年91岁。
句中时间状语“in 2025”是过去的时间(描述已经发生的事件),一般过去时里动词die要变成过去式died。
(9)
81.A 82.C 83.B 84.B 85.A 86.B 87.C 88.C 89.A 90.B
【导语】本篇文章主要介绍了向日葵的外观、生长特点、历史用途以及它们作为幸福和友谊象征的美好意义。
【详解】81.句意:有不同种类的向日葵。
different kinds of为固定搭配,意为“不同种类的”,of意为“……的”,符合语境。from意为“来自”;with意为“和……一起”,代入句子不符合短语结构。
82.句意:平均来说,向日葵长6到10英尺高,但是最高的曾经达到30英尺——比房子还高!
本句表达在所有向日葵里最高的,要用形容词最高级,the tallest意为“最高的”,符合语境。the taller意为“更高的”,属于比较级;tallest缺少定冠词the,不符合语法规则。
83.句意:每一朵花里面实际上有2000朵小花。
主语Each flower为单数,此处描述客观事实,使用一般现在时,has意为“有”,符合语境。have用于复数主语;had为动词过去式,时态不匹配。
84.句意:向日葵和太阳有关联。
be connected with是固定短语,意为“与……有关联”,connected符合该短语结构。
85.句意:它们白天从东移到西,然后在夜晚转回东方。
前后两个动作是顺承并列关系,and意为“并且,然后”,符合逻辑。so意为“所以”,表因果;or意为“或者”,表选择,均不符合本句逻辑。
86.句意:然而,它们只有在幼苗时期才这样做,因为这有助于它们长得更好。
much可以用来修饰副词比较级,better意为“更好地”,符合语境。well是副词原级;best是副词最高级,不能用much修饰。
87.句意:很多年前,在北美洲人们种植向日葵作为食物。
Many years ago是一般过去时的时间标志,grew是grow的过去式,符合时态要求。grow是动词原形;grows是动词第三人称单数形式,时态不符合。
88.句意:向日葵也是幸福和友谊的象征。
介词of后面需要接名词,happiness意为“幸福”,是名词,符合语境。happy意为“快乐的”,是形容词;happily意为“快乐地”,是副词,二者不能放在介词of之后。
89.句意:人们送向日葵庆祝生日,或者鼓舞一位伤心的朋友。
本句表示泛指一位伤心的朋友,sad是以辅音音素开头的单词,a用于辅音音素开头名词前,符合语境。an用在元音音素开头单词前;the表示特指,代入句子与本句语义不符。
90.句意:从阳光的外形到美好的寓意,向日葵提醒我们记住生活中最美好的事物。
remind是动词,动词后面要用人称代词宾格,us意为“我们”,是宾格形式,契合文意。we是人称代词主格;them意为“他们”,代入句子不符合文章含义。
(10)
91.A 92.C 93.C 94.A 95.B 96.A 97.C 98.C 99.C 100.C
【导语】本文主要讲述了魔术师Shin Lim的成长经历,包括他对音乐和魔术的兴趣、因生病做出选择以及最终获得成功的励志故事。
【详解】91.句意:也许没有人比Shin Lim更了解它。
主语no one是不定代词视作单数,且陈述客观事实用一般现在时,动词用三单形式knows。
92.句意:去年九月,这位加裔美国魔术师夺得《美国达人秀》第 13 季冠军,成为最顶尖的选手之后,不久前他又斩获了《美国达人秀:冠军赛》的桂冠。
根据范围“in Season 13”可知,是三者以上比较,应用最高级the greatest。
93.句意:去年九月,这位加裔美国魔术师夺得《美国达人秀》第 13 季冠军,成为最顶尖的选手之后,不久前他又斩获了《美国达人秀:冠军赛》的桂冠。
此处作主语,指Shin Lim,需用表示人的名词,magician(魔术师)符合要求。
94.句意:这个男孩对音乐很感兴趣,9岁开始学习钢琴。
根据固定短语be interested in 表示“对……感兴趣”,可知介词用in。
95.句意:16岁的一天,年轻的利姆看见哥哥在表演纸牌戏法,于是他就此迷上了纸牌魔术。
see sb doing sth 表示“看见某人正在做某事”,固定用法,因此用现在分词playing。
96.句意:他通过 YouTube 自学,这是一个很受欢迎的视频分享网站。
根据此处泛指一个网站且popular以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。
97.句意:不幸的是,一场疾病让他在音乐和魔术之间做出了选择。
根据“an illness”可知,生病是不幸的事,且修饰句子用副词,故用Unluckily。
98.句意:最后他选择了学习魔术。
choose to do sth 表示“选择做某事”,固定搭配,因此用动词不定式to learn。
99.句意:在赢得AGT之前,他也赢得了许多国际奖项。
此句是肯定句且空处位于句末,应用too。also通常用于句中,either用于否定句,均不符。
100.句意:我能说的就是追随你的梦想,真的。
修饰名词dreams需用形容词性物主代词,因此用your。you是人称代词主格,yours是名词性物主代词,均不符。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$