精品解析：广东省东莞市常平中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

2026-2027学年第一学期第一次教学质量自查 高二英语 （本试卷共四大部分，满分150分；考试时间120分钟） 说明： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，考号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。 2．全部答案在答题卡上完成，考试结束只交答题卡。 3．满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听力理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题。每段播放前有五秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段对话，回答第1~2题。 1. How many rooms does the man book? A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. 2. When will the man stay in hotel? A. From next Thursday to Friday. B. From next Tuesday to Friday. C. From this Saturday to Sunday. 听第二段对话，回答第3~5题。 3. How long has the woman lived there? A. For twelve years. B. For twenty years. C. For two years. 4. How much is the house? A. $200,000. B. $20,000. C. $2,000,000. 5. Why does the woman want to sell the house? A. Because she needs money to buy a small bookstore. B. Because she is tired of living there. C. Because she wants to move to Sydney. 第二节 听取信息（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 听下面一段独白，请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卷标号为6~10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍，你将有60秒钟的作答时间。 Robert Frost Robert Frost was one of the best-known American poets. As a child He was the victim of his father’s anger, who was a(n) 6 . After 7 He spent the next few years working at different jobs. After university He ran a farm, but it was not 8 . In 9 He took his family to Britain. In 1913 His first book came out, and he received high 10 from his readers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节；满分37.5分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A At age four, I found a garden hidden underneath the kitchen floor, behind pieces of carpet. My eyes became glued to the roses blooming across my childhood landscape, filling me with joy and adventure. My passion and connection to gardens started at that moment. When spring arrived, I rushed outdoors, throwing myself on a fresh carpet of grass. Excited, I bounced to my feet and flipped somersaults (筋斗) before landing by my mother, who was busy breaking up the soil in the garden. I then sat beside her, playing with mud pies in the flower bed. When her work was done, she rewarded me with a glass of bittersweet lemonade. During my childhood, it seemed that the flowers from her gardens healed us from head to toe. In our last conversation before her death, mother encouraged me to go anywhere in the world that would make me happy. Since then, I have recreated her gardens through art worldwide, beautifying countless parks and courtyards. Gardening has taught me that planting a garden is the same as creating our lives. Every spring, you break up the soil and start anew. You clear out the dead leaves and roots of the winter. Then you add proper nutrients into the soil and keep the topsoil loose and fresh. You won’t get those beautiful blooms in life until you first do the work just right. When our gardens are balanced with care, we can harvest the beauty of living a life of grace. Gardens are full of magical wisdom. A caterpillar’s transformation comes with necessary struggle. Without this painful fight to break free from the confines of the cocoon (茧), the newly formed butterfly can’t strengthen its wings. Without such a battle, it can never take flight. The same is true for humans in the garden of hardship. Gardens cast their reflection into our lives. So nurture your talents and strengths, cultivate your garden for giving, and plant those seeds for the future. The garden is the world living deep inside of you. 1. What does paragraph 2 mainly describe? A. My delight in the garden. B. Mother’s care for my growth. C. My reflection on the garden. D. Mother’s devotion to the garden. 2. How was the author influenced by her mother? A. She planted flowers for public parks globally. B. She traveled worldwide to find her mother’s gardens. C. She became a professional gardener like her mother. D. She artistically reproduced her mother’s gardens. 3. What is the best title for the text? A. The Art of Planting Seeds B. Mother’s Gardening Wisdom C. The Passion for Gardening D. Gardens as Mirrors to Life B Typical refrigeration (冷藏) systems transport heat away from a space via a fluid (流体) that absorbs heat as it turns into a gas, which is then transported through a closed tube and changed back into a liquid. Effective as this process is, some of the choice materials we use as refrigerants are particularly unfriendly to the environment. There is, however, more than one way a substance can be forced to take in and give out heat energy. The ionocaloric cycle, a method developed by researchers from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley, takes advantage of the way that energy is stored or released when a material changes state. Raise the temperature on a block of ice and it’ll melt. What we might not see so easily is that melting absorbs heat from its surroundings, effectively cooling it. One way to force ice to melt without needing to turn up the heat is to add a few charged particles, or ions (离子). Putting salt on roads to prevent ice from forming is a common example of this in action. The ionocaloric cycle also uses salt to change a fluid’s state and cool its surroundings. The researchers modeled the theory of this cycle to show how it could potentially compete with, or even improve upon, the efficiency of refrigerants in use today. A current running through the system would move the ions in it, shifting the material’s melting point to change temperature. “There are three things we’re trying to balance: the GWP (global warming potential) of the refrigerant, energy efficiency, and the cost of the equipment itself,” said engineer Ravi Prasher from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. “From the first try, our data looks very promising on all three of these aspects.” The systems currently used in refrigeration processes rely on gases that have high GWP. Now, the researchers need to get the technology out of the lab and into practical systems that can be used commercially and that scale up without any issues. Eventually, these systems could be used for heating as well as cooling. Ongoing investigations are trying different salts to see which combinations might be most effective at drawing heat from a space. 4. How does the article introduce its topic in paragraph 1? A. By introducing the process of global warming. B. By showing the effectiveness of current process. C. By describing limitation of existing refrigeration. D. By inspiring actions of environmental protection. 5. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. How the ionocaloric cycle functions. B. Why salt can prevent road icing. C. What the chemical composition of ions is. D. What a more effective ice-melting method is. 6. What did Prasher think of the initial test result? A. It remains understudied. B. It proves unpredictable. C. It shows great potential. D. It needs more investment. C The virtue of intellectual humility (谦逊) is getting much attention. While researchers define it differently, the core of the idea is “recognizing that one’s beliefs and opinions might be incorrect.” But achieving intellectual humility is hard. Overconfidence is a long-lasting problem, faced by many, and does not appear to be improved by education or expertise. Even scientific pioneers can sometimes lack this valuable quality. A. A. Michelson, the first American to win a Nobel Prize in science, expressed a striking view about the fundamental laws of physics, “It seems probable that most of the grand basic principles have now been firmly established.” Over the next few decades, fundamental physical theory witnessed its most dramatic changes. Scientists can be mistaken about the accuracy of their own positions. Even so, there is reason to believe such mistakes will go public. But sometimes it takes a long time. Is there a way to encourage the pursuit of new, possibly unpopular scientific ideas, while acknowledging the great value and power of the scientific enterprise as it now stands? Here is where intellectual humility can play a positive role in science. Intellectual humility is not skepticism. It does not imply doubt. An intellectually humble person may have strong commitments to various beliefs and may pursue those commitments with enthusiasm. Their intellectual humility lies in their openness to the possibility that nobody is in possession of the full truth, and that others, too, may have insights, ideas and evidence that should be taken into account when forming their own best judgments. This openness to inquiry does not, of course, imply that scientists are bound to accept theories they take to be wrong. What we ought to accept is that we too might be wrong, that something good might come of the pursuit of those other ideas and theories, and that tolerating rather than accusing those who pursue such things just might be the best way forward for science and for society. 7. What is the core idea of intellectual humility? A. Questioning everything. B. Avoiding firm beliefs. C. Agreeing with all others. D. Accepting one’s possible errors. 8. Which of the following words is closest to the underlined word “expertise” in paragraph 1? A. experience. B. speciality. C. authority. D. qualification. 9. What does the example of Michelson suggest about scientists? A. They keep trying different ideas. B. They misjudge their own knowledge. C. They often question the existing ideas. D. They dislike predicting what will happen. 10. What makes intellectual humility positive in science? A. It rejects unpopular research. B. It tends to avoid firm commitments. C. It leads to openness to others’ insights. D. It encourages doubts about all old ideas. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you think of personal time only as “not working,” you might be missing out on truly enriching experiences. While work requires discipline and training, free time should be easy and natural. We spend years preparing for our careers. ____11____ This belief suggests that while work demands discipline, free time is only for relaxation. ____12____ According to this famous philosopher, when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can reach our best selves. He believed that leisure is the foundation of culture. To achieve this, we must treat our free time with just as much seriousness as we do our careers. It is not just about “chilling out.” ____13____ When work becomes too hard, we often define leisure as complete inactivity. For instance, a tired businessman might want to sit on a beach and do nothing. ____14____ He believed that leisure is not just a break from work. He said the opposite of true leisure is actually mental laziness. For him, leisure means having an open mind and looking at the world with deep interest and care. True leisure is the work you do for yourself without the economic pressure to earn money. ____15____ Instead, it involves meaningful and deep experiences. These can be enjoying great art, learning new ideas, and staying close to nature. By choosing these meaningful activities, we can use our free time well and become wiser, more effective, and happier individuals. A. Josef Pieper rejected this way of thinking. B. However, Josef Pieper, had a very different idea. C. Yet there is no such thing as a “School of Leisure”. D. It is about doing nothing and killing time aimlessly. E. Most people hold a wrong understanding of what leisure is. F. Instead, it is a valuable part of life that helps us grow and gain wisdom. G. It does not include mindless activities like scrolling through social media. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节；满分37.5分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in a family where academic success was everything. My parents, both university professors, had my future ____16____ planned: top high school to Ivy League to lawyer. I followed the script perfectly until sophomore year, when a community theater poster ____17____ my path. During rehearsals for Romeo and Juliet, I discovered an unexpected passion. Memorizing lines felt ____18____ than solving math equations. The stage became my escape from ____19____. But when my parents found out, their ____20____ was sharp: “This is a distraction.” Despite their disapproval, I still kept going to practice. However, I was not as confident as I used to be. One night, my drama teacher ____21____ my trembling hands. “You have real talent,” she said, handing me an audition flyer (试镜传单). I hesitated — the audition ____22____ with a crucial exam. Ultimately, I ____23____ to follow my heart. Weeks later, standing nervously backstage, I realized this wasn’t just about acting. It was about ____24____ my own voice. The performance was far from perfect — I ____25____ a line in Act 2 — but the audience’s applause felt more ____26____ than any test score. Now as a theater major, I understand: Life isn’t about ____27____ others’ expectations. True success means having the ____28____ to write your own story. Even my parents finally ____29____ that my choice brought unexpected growth. Looking back, that torn theater poster was the ____30____ of my true self. 16. A. neatly B. barely C. slightly D. blindly 17. A. blocked B. recorded C. widened D. changed 18. A. heavier B. smoother C. duller D. harder 19. A. embarrassment B. curiosity C. pressure D. boredom 20. A. reaction B. ambition C. tradition D. conclusion 21. A. gave thought to B. passed over C. took notice of D. kept track of 22. A. conflicted B. cooperated C. contrasted D. combined 23. A. pretended B. refused C. regretted D. chose 24. A. losing B. finding C. hiding D. doubting 25. A. copied B. wrote C. translated D. forgot 26. A. unclear B. formal C. genuine D. awkward 27. A. setting B. avoiding C. meeting D. lowering 28. A. courage B. wealth C. luck D. fame 29. A. resisted B. predicted C. denied D. admitted 30. A. obstacle B. beginning C. ending D. routine 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 31. After a long ________ (absent) from school, he tried his best to catch up with his classmates quickly.(所给词的适当形式填空) 32. When ________ (encounter) problems during the preparation for the contest, you can turn to your teacher for help. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33. The professor ________ classes are popular likes to help his students with their daily study problems.(用适当的词填空) 34. The museum, ________ (found) by a famous collector, displays many priceless ancient treasures from around the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35. Nancy, ________ adorable girl, is outgoing and always gives warm help to her classmates at school. (用适当的词填空) 36. Some doctors insisted that healthy food ________ (combine) with enough exercise for people’s good health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. I tried to persuade my close friend ________ (accompany) me on the long trip to the mountain village. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. ________ comparison, country life is quieter and healthier, but it offers fewer career opportunities. (用适当的词填空) 39. We ________ (rare) realize how small kindnesses can warm people around us in daily life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40. I found ________ embarrassing that I slipped on the wet floor in front of the whole class. (用适当的词填空) 第四部分 写作（共三节；满分55分） 第一节（共7小题；第51~54小题每空0.5分，第55~57小题每题3分，满分15分） 根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。 41. When I studied abroad in 2020, I ________ ________ ________ ________ (保持联系) my Chinese friends through a shared chat group.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 42. ________ ________ ________ (从这种意义上来讲), learning from mistakes is crucial for our growth and progress. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 43. It is thought that drinking enough water keeps our skin healthy and our mind fresh. （同义转换） Drinking enough water ________ ________ ________ keep our skin healthy and our mind fresh. 44. The museum attracts history lovers through its rich collections of ancient cultural relics. （同义转换） The museum ________ ________ history lovers through its rich collections of ancient cultural relics. 45. The club organized many outdoor activities last year. Most of them were held on sunny weekends. (定语从句合并) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Honestly, it can be both stressful and meaningful to prepare for the college entrance exam. （改为doing作主语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 换句话说，没有什么比和家人分享快乐更美好了。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 应用文写作（满分15分） 48. 假定你是李华，校英文报就食堂午餐时段播放的电视节目类型向同学们征求意见，可供选择的有“时事新闻类”和“音乐类”，请你给编辑写一封邮件发表你的意见，内容包括： (1)你的选择； (2)你的理由 注意: (1)写作词数应为80个左右。(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Editor, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第三节 读后续写（满分25分） 49. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Yeah, a BATTLE!” said William, pulling my arm. “You see that, John?” I looked up from my desk to see Ms. Chow writing on the board, “Battle of the Books!” She smiled and then said, “Are you ready to go into the battle? Get prepared for it next week!” “Is it a reading contest?” I was so excited that I forgot to raise my hand first. “Good question, John!” said Ms. Chow. “It is not a race and you are not going to beat each other. We are not going to see who can read the fastest or the most books, but you are going to form a team of three and then set a reading goal for your team. If your team meet your goal by the end of this month, you will get a prize!” Even though the prize was something silly, that still sounded pretty good to me. I turned towards William immediately, saying,“Shall we be teammates?” “Yes, for sure!” he said. William and I liked a lot of the same books, so we could set a goal together. The be1l rang before Ms. Chow could explain any more rules. William and I were about to begin our discussion when Lily passed my desk and said “Teammates?” to William and me. Lily was a girl from Spain and she could read super-fast in both English and Spanish! If we set a goal like reading books by authors from different countries, she could help the team for sure. “Yeah,of course!” William and I nodded. I had my team! The three of us settled down and started a discussion immediately, trying to figure out what we needed to do to get the prize. Just then, I saw my best friend Tom running towards my desk. I could clearly see the expectation shining in his eyes. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 “John, let’s be teammates!” Tom said to me excitedly. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hearing what Lily said, we agreed with her suggestion. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年第一学期第一次教学质量自查 高二英语 （本试卷共四大部分，满分150分；考试时间120分钟） 说明： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，考号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。 2．全部答案在答题卡上完成，考试结束只交答题卡。 3．满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听力理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题。每段播放前有五秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段对话，回答第1~2题。 1. How many rooms does the man book? A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. 2. When will the man stay in hotel? A. From next Thursday to Friday. B. From next Tuesday to Friday. C. From this Saturday to Sunday. 听第二段对话，回答第3~5题。 3. How long has the woman lived there? A. For twelve years. B. For twenty years. C. For two years. 4. How much is the house? A. $200,000. B. $20,000. C. $2,000,000. 5. Why does the woman want to sell the house? A. Because she needs money to buy a small bookstore. B. Because she is tired of living there. C. Because she wants to move to Sydney. 第二节 听取信息（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 听下面一段独白，请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卷标号为6~10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍，你将有60秒钟的作答时间。 Robert Frost Robert Frost was one of the best-known American poets. As a child He was the victim of his father’s anger, who was a(n) 6 . After 7 He spent the next few years working at different jobs. After university He ran a farm, but it was not 8 . In 9 He took his family to Britain. In 1913 His first book came out, and he received high 10 from his readers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节；满分37.5分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A At age four, I found a garden hidden underneath the kitchen floor, behind pieces of carpet. My eyes became glued to the roses blooming across my childhood landscape, filling me with joy and adventure. My passion and connection to gardens started at that moment. When spring arrived, I rushed outdoors, throwing myself on a fresh carpet of grass. Excited, I bounced to my feet and flipped somersaults (筋斗) before landing by my mother, who was busy breaking up the soil in the garden. I then sat beside her, playing with mud pies in the flower bed. When her work was done, she rewarded me with a glass of bittersweet lemonade. During my childhood, it seemed that the flowers from her gardens healed us from head to toe. In our last conversation before her death, mother encouraged me to go anywhere in the world that would make me happy. Since then, I have recreated her gardens through art worldwide, beautifying countless parks and courtyards. Gardening has taught me that planting a garden is the same as creating our lives. Every spring, you break up the soil and start anew. You clear out the dead leaves and roots of the winter. Then you add proper nutrients into the soil and keep the topsoil loose and fresh. You won’t get those beautiful blooms in life until you first do the work just right. When our gardens are balanced with care, we can harvest the beauty of living a life of grace. Gardens are full of magical wisdom. A caterpillar’s transformation comes with necessary struggle. Without this painful fight to break free from the confines of the cocoon (茧), the newly formed butterfly can’t strengthen its wings. Without such a battle, it can never take flight. The same is true for humans in the garden of hardship. Gardens cast their reflection into our lives. So nurture your talents and strengths, cultivate your garden for giving, and plant those seeds for the future. The garden is the world living deep inside of you. 1. What does paragraph 2 mainly describe? A. My delight in the garden. B. Mother’s care for my growth. C. My reflection on the garden. D. Mother’s devotion to the garden. 2. How was the author influenced by her mother? A. She planted flowers for public parks globally. B. She traveled worldwide to find her mother’s gardens. C. She became a professional gardener like her mother. D. She artistically reproduced her mother’s gardens. 3. What is the best title for the text? A. The Art of Planting Seeds B. Mother’s Gardening Wisdom C. The Passion for Gardening D. Gardens as Mirrors to Life 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者受母亲花园启发，领悟园艺即人生哲理的故事。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。​根据第二段中“Excited, I bounced to my feet and flipped somersaults (筋斗) before landing by my mother, who was busy breaking up the soil in the garden. I then sat beside her, playing with mud pies in the flower bed. When her work was done, she rewarded me with a glass of bittersweet lemonade.(我兴奋地跳起来，翻了几个筋斗，才落到正忙着在花园里松土的母亲身边。然后我坐在她旁边，在花坛里玩泥饼。她干完活后，奖励了我一杯又苦又甜的柠檬水)”可知，第二段主要描述了作者在花园里的欢乐时光。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。​根据第三段中“Since then, I have recreated her gardens through art worldwide, beautifying countless parks and courtyards.(从那以后，我通过艺术在世界各地重现了她的花园，美化了无数公园和庭院)”可知，作者以艺术的方式重现了母亲的花园。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。​通读全文，根据倒数第二段中“Gardens are full of magical wisdom.(花园充满了神奇的智慧)”、最后一段中“Gardens cast their reflection into our lives.(花园将它们的映像投射到我们的生活中)”以及“The garden is the world living deep inside of you.(花园是深藏于你内心的世界)”可知，文章前三段回忆了作者童年时在花园的快乐时光及母亲的影响，后四段则重点升华主题，阐述了作者从园艺中悟出的人生哲理，所以全文核心是把花园比作人生的镜子，园艺映射生活哲理。故“Gardens as Mirrors to Life(花园作为生活的镜子)”最适合做标题。 B Typical refrigeration (冷藏) systems transport heat away from a space via a fluid (流体) that absorbs heat as it turns into a gas, which is then transported through a closed tube and changed back into a liquid. Effective as this process is, some of the choice materials we use as refrigerants are particularly unfriendly to the environment. There is, however, more than one way a substance can be forced to take in and give out heat energy. The ionocaloric cycle, a method developed by researchers from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley, takes advantage of the way that energy is stored or released when a material changes state. Raise the temperature on a block of ice and it’ll melt. What we might not see so easily is that melting absorbs heat from its surroundings, effectively cooling it. One way to force ice to melt without needing to turn up the heat is to add a few charged particles, or ions (离子). Putting salt on roads to prevent ice from forming is a common example of this in action. The ionocaloric cycle also uses salt to change a fluid’s state and cool its surroundings. The researchers modeled the theory of this cycle to show how it could potentially compete with, or even improve upon, the efficiency of refrigerants in use today. A current running through the system would move the ions in it, shifting the material’s melting point to change temperature. “There are three things we’re trying to balance: the GWP (global warming potential) of the refrigerant, energy efficiency, and the cost of the equipment itself,” said engineer Ravi Prasher from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. “From the first try, our data looks very promising on all three of these aspects.” The systems currently used in refrigeration processes rely on gases that have high GWP. Now, the researchers need to get the technology out of the lab and into practical systems that can be used commercially and that scale up without any issues. Eventually, these systems could be used for heating as well as cooling. Ongoing investigations are trying different salts to see which combinations might be most effective at drawing heat from a space. 4. How does the article introduce its topic in paragraph 1? A. By introducing the process of global warming. B. By showing the effectiveness of current process. C. By describing limitation of existing refrigeration. D. By inspiring actions of environmental protection. 5. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. How the ionocaloric cycle functions. B. Why salt can prevent road icing. C. What the chemical composition of ions is. D. What a more effective ice-melting method is. 6. What did Prasher think of the initial test result? A. It remains understudied. B. It proves unpredictable. C. It shows great potential. D. It needs more investment. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了一种利用离子改变物质状态来吸热降温的离子热循环制冷新方法。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Typical refrigeration (冷藏) systems transport heat away from a space via a fluid (流体) that absorbs heat as it turns into a gas, which is then transported through a closed tube and changed back into a liquid. Effective as this process is, some of the choice materials we use as refrigerants are particularly unfriendly to the environment.(典型的冷藏系统通过一种流体将热量从空间中带走，这种流体在变成气体时吸收热量，然后通过封闭管道输送并变回液体。尽管这一过程有效，但我们用作制冷剂的一些精选材料对环境特别不友好。)”可知，文章先介绍现有制冷系统的工作原理，再指出其制冷剂对环境不友好，从而引出新制冷方法，说明第一段是通过描述现有制冷的局限性来引入话题的。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Raise the temperature on a block of ice and it’ll melt. What we might not see so easily is that melting absorbs heat from its surroundings, effectively cooling it. One way to force ice to melt without needing to turn up the heat is to add a few charged particles, or ions (离子). Putting salt on roads to prevent ice from forming is a common example of this in action. The ionocaloric cycle also uses salt to change a fluid’s state and cool its surroundings.(升高一块冰的温度，它就会融化。我们可能不容易看到的是，融化会从周围吸收热量，从而有效地冷却周围环境。迫使冰在不需要升温的情况下融化的一种方法是加入一些带电粒子，即离子。在路上撒盐防止结冰就是这种情况的常见例子。离子热循环也利用盐来改变流体的状态并冷却其周围环境。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是离子热循环如何运作。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“‌“There are three things we’re trying to balance: the GWP (global warming potential) of the refrigerant, energy efficiency, and the cost of the equipment itself,” said engineer Ravi Prasher from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. ‌“From the first try, our data looks very promising on all three of these aspects.”(“我们试图平衡三件事：制冷剂的全球变暖潜能值、能源效率以及设备本身的成本，”劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室的工程师拉维·普拉舍说。“从第一次尝试来看，我们的数据在这三个方面都看起来很有希望。”)”可知，普拉舍认为初步测试结果显示出巨大潜力。 C The virtue of intellectual humility (谦逊) is getting much attention. While researchers define it differently, the core of the idea is “recognizing that one’s beliefs and opinions might be incorrect.” But achieving intellectual humility is hard. Overconfidence is a long-lasting problem, faced by many, and does not appear to be improved by education or expertise. Even scientific pioneers can sometimes lack this valuable quality. A. A. Michelson, the first American to win a Nobel Prize in science, expressed a striking view about the fundamental laws of physics, “It seems probable that most of the grand basic principles have now been firmly established.” Over the next few decades, fundamental physical theory witnessed its most dramatic changes. Scientists can be mistaken about the accuracy of their own positions. Even so, there is reason to believe such mistakes will go public. But sometimes it takes a long time. Is there a way to encourage the pursuit of new, possibly unpopular scientific ideas, while acknowledging the great value and power of the scientific enterprise as it now stands? Here is where intellectual humility can play a positive role in science. Intellectual humility is not skepticism. It does not imply doubt. An intellectually humble person may have strong commitments to various beliefs and may pursue those commitments with enthusiasm. Their intellectual humility lies in their openness to the possibility that nobody is in possession of the full truth, and that others, too, may have insights, ideas and evidence that should be taken into account when forming their own best judgments. This openness to inquiry does not, of course, imply that scientists are bound to accept theories they take to be wrong. What we ought to accept is that we too might be wrong, that something good might come of the pursuit of those other ideas and theories, and that tolerating rather than accusing those who pursue such things just might be the best way forward for science and for society. 7. What is the core idea of intellectual humility? A. Questioning everything. B. Avoiding firm beliefs. C. Agreeing with all others. D. Accepting one’s possible errors. 8. Which of the following words is closest to the underlined word “expertise” in paragraph 1? A. experience. B. speciality. C. authority. D. qualification. 9. What does the example of Michelson suggest about scientists? A. They keep trying different ideas. B. They misjudge their own knowledge. C. They often question the existing ideas. D. They dislike predicting what will happen. 10. What makes intellectual humility positive in science? A. It rejects unpopular research. B. It tends to avoid firm commitments. C. It leads to openness to others’ insights. D. It encourages doubts about all old ideas. 【答案】7. D 8. B 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕理智谦逊展开，阐释了它的核心内涵、人们普遍过度自信的现状，借科学家事例说明人易认知出错，并论述了理智谦逊在科学研究中的积极意义与价值。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The virtue of intellectual humility (谦逊) is getting much attention. While researchers define it differently, the core of the idea is “recognizing that one’s beliefs and opinions might be incorrect.”(理智谦逊的美德正受到越来越多的关注。尽管研究人员对其定义不同，但这一想法的核心是‘认识到自己的信仰和观点可能是错误的’)”可知，理智谦逊的核心思想是认识到自己的信仰和观点可能是错误的，即接受自己可能存在的错误。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Overconfidence is a long-lasting problem, faced by many, and does not appear to be improved by education or expertise.(过度自信是长期普遍存在的问题，许多人都会遇到，而且似乎不会因教育或expertise而改善)”可知，education(教育)和划线词expertise为并列同类名词，结合后文“Even scientific pioneers can sometimes lack this valuable quality.(即使是科学先驱有时也会缺乏这种宝贵的品质。)”可知，即使是具有专业知识的科学先驱也会过度自信，speciality指代后天习得的学识、专业本领。B选项speciality意为“专业；专长”，与语境高度贴合。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A. A. Michelson, the first American to win a Nobel Prize in science, expressed a striking view about the fundamental laws of physics, “It seems probable that most of the grand basic principles have now been firmly established.” Over the next few decades, fundamental physical theory witnessed its most dramatic changes.(第一个获得诺贝尔科学奖的美国人A. A. 密歇尔森对物理学基本定律发表了惊人的观点，‘大多数重要的基本原理似乎都已经牢固确立了。’在接下来的几十年里，基础物理理论经历了最剧烈的变化)”可知，密歇尔森认为重要的基本原理已经牢固确立，但之后基础物理理论却发生了巨大的变化，这说明科学家可能会误判自己的知识。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Their intellectual humility lies in their openness to the possibility that nobody is in possession of the full truth, and that others, too, may have insights, ideas and evidence that should be taken into account when forming their own best judgments.(他们的理智谦逊在于，他们愿意接受这样一种可能性：没有人掌握全部真理，其他人在形成自己最佳判断时，也可能有应该考虑到的见解、想法和证据)”可知，理智谦逊使科学家对别人的见解持开放态度，这是理智谦逊在科学领域的积极作用。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you think of personal time only as “not working,” you might be missing out on truly enriching experiences. While work requires discipline and training, free time should be easy and natural. We spend years preparing for our careers. ____11____ This belief suggests that while work demands discipline, free time is only for relaxation. ____12____ According to this famous philosopher, when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can reach our best selves. He believed that leisure is the foundation of culture. To achieve this, we must treat our free time with just as much seriousness as we do our careers. It is not just about “chilling out.” ____13____ When work becomes too hard, we often define leisure as complete inactivity. For instance, a tired businessman might want to sit on a beach and do nothing. ____14____ He believed that leisure is not just a break from work. He said the opposite of true leisure is actually mental laziness. For him, leisure means having an open mind and looking at the world with deep interest and care. True leisure is the work you do for yourself without the economic pressure to earn money. ____15____ Instead, it involves meaningful and deep experiences. These can be enjoying great art, learning new ideas, and staying close to nature. By choosing these meaningful activities, we can use our free time well and become wiser, more effective, and happier individuals. A. Josef Pieper rejected this way of thinking. B. However, Josef Pieper, had a very different idea. C. Yet there is no such thing as a “School of Leisure”. D. It is about doing nothing and killing time aimlessly. E. Most people hold a wrong understanding of what leisure is. F. Instead, it is a valuable part of life that helps us grow and gain wisdom. G. It does not include mindless activities like scrolling through social media. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. F 14. A 15. G 【解析】 【导语】文章探讨了人们对休闲时间的误解，介绍了哲学家约瑟夫·皮珀关于真正休闲的理念，强调休闲不是无所事事，而是一种有意义的、能促进个人成长和智慧的活动。 【11题详解】 上文“We spend years preparing for our careers. (我们花数年时间为职业做准备。)”说明人们为工作投入大量准备，下文“This belief suggests that while work demands discipline, free time is only for relaxation. (这种信念表明，虽然工作需要纪律，但空闲时间只是用来放松的。)”说明人们对休闲时间的简单理解。C项“Yet there is no such thing as a ‘School of Leisure’. (然而，并不存在所谓的‘休闲学校’。)”承上启下，既回应上文人们为工作做准备却不为休闲做准备的事实，又引出下文人们将休闲简单等同于放松的错误观念。 【12题详解】 上文提出人们认为休闲只是放松的观点，下文“According to this famous philosopher, when we understand and practice leisure properly, we can reach our best selves. (据这位著名哲学家所说，当我们正确理解并践行休闲的内涵时，我们就能成为最好的自己。)”介绍一位哲学家的不同观点。B项“However, Josef Pieper, had a very different idea. (然而，约瑟夫·皮珀有一个非常不同的想法。)”用However转折引出新观点，且“this famous philosopher”与下文的“According to this famous philosopher”形成指代呼应。 【13题详解】 上文“It is not just about 'chilling out'. (这不仅仅是‘放松’。)”说明休闲不只是放松，空格处应进一步说明休闲的真正含义。F项“Instead, it is a valuable part of life that helps us grow and gain wisdom. (相反，它是生活中有价值的一部分，帮助我们成长和获得智慧。)”用Instead承接上文，进一步阐述休闲的积极意义，与上文“not just about chilling out”形成对比递进。 【14题详解】 上文“For instance, a tired businessman might want to sit on a beach and do nothing. (例如，一个疲惫的商人可能想坐在海滩上什么都不做。)”描述了人们将休闲等同于完全不活动的做法，下文“He believed that leisure is not just a break from work. (他认为休闲不仅仅是工作之余的休息。)”说明这位哲学家反对这种观点。A项“Josef Pieper rejected this way of thinking. (约瑟夫·皮珀拒绝了这种思维方式。)”承上启下，rejected this way of thinking指代上文将休闲等同于什么都不做的想法，He指代Josef Pieper，与下文一致。 【15题详解】 上文“True leisure is the work you do for yourself without the economic pressure to earn money. (真正的休闲是你无需承受赚钱的经济压力、为自己做的事。)”定义了真正的休闲，下文“Instead, it involves meaningful and deep experiences. (相反，它涉及有意义和深刻的体验。)”用Instead说明休闲不包括无意义的活动。G项“It does not include mindless activities like scrolling through social media. (它不包括刷社交媒体这类无需动脑的漫无目的的活动。)”与下文的“Instead, it involves meaningful and deep experiences”形成“不是……而是……”的对照关系。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节；满分37.5分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in a family where academic success was everything. My parents, both university professors, had my future ____16____ planned: top high school to Ivy League to lawyer. I followed the script perfectly until sophomore year, when a community theater poster ____17____ my path. During rehearsals for Romeo and Juliet, I discovered an unexpected passion. Memorizing lines felt ____18____ than solving math equations. The stage became my escape from ____19____. But when my parents found out, their ____20____ was sharp: “This is a distraction.” Despite their disapproval, I still kept going to practice. However, I was not as confident as I used to be. One night, my drama teacher ____21____ my trembling hands. “You have real talent,” she said, handing me an audition flyer (试镜传单). I hesitated — the audition ____22____ with a crucial exam. Ultimately, I ____23____ to follow my heart. Weeks later, standing nervously backstage, I realized this wasn’t just about acting. It was about ____24____ my own voice. The performance was far from perfect — I ____25____ a line in Act 2 — but the audience’s applause felt more ____26____ than any test score. Now as a theater major, I understand: Life isn’t about ____27____ others’ expectations. True success means having the ____28____ to write your own story. Even my parents finally ____29____ that my choice brought unexpected growth. Looking back, that torn theater poster was the ____30____ of my true self. 16. A. neatly B. barely C. slightly D. blindly 17. A. blocked B. recorded C. widened D. changed 18. A. heavier B. smoother C. duller D. harder 19. A. embarrassment B. curiosity C. pressure D. boredom 20. A. reaction B. ambition C. tradition D. conclusion 21. A. gave thought to B. passed over C. took notice of D. kept track of 22. A. conflicted B. cooperated C. contrasted D. combined 23. A. pretended B. refused C. regretted D. chose 24. A. losing B. finding C. hiding D. doubting 25. A. copied B. wrote C. translated D. forgot 26. A. unclear B. formal C. genuine D. awkward 27. A. setting B. avoiding C. meeting D. lowering 28. A. courage B. wealth C. luck D. fame 29. A. resisted B. predicted C. denied D. admitted 30. A. obstacle B. beginning C. ending D. routine 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者成长在重视学业成绩的家庭，父母早早为他规划好了未来的求学与职业道路。一次社区剧院的海报改变了他的人生轨迹，他发现了自己对戏剧的热爱，在和父母的期待产生分歧后，鼓起勇气追随内心，选择戏剧专业，最终找到了真实的自我。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：我的父母都是大学教授，把我的未来安排得井井有条：重点高中到常春藤盟校再到律师。A. neatly整齐地，有条不紊地；B. barely几乎不；C. slightly稍微；D. blindly盲目地。根据下文“top high school to Ivy League to lawyer”可知，父母将作者的未来规划得条理清晰。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：我完美地按照这条规划走下去，直到高二，一张社区剧院的海报改变了我的人生道路。A. blocked阻挡；B. recorded记录；C. widened拓宽；D. changed改变。根据下文“I discovered an unexpected passion”可知，戏剧海报让他发现热爱，人生道路发生改变。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：背台词比解数学题要顺畅得多。A. heavier更重；B. smoother更顺畅；C. duller更枯燥；D. harder更难。根据下文“The stage became my escape”可知，背台词这件事对作者来说更加得心应手、顺畅。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：舞台成了我逃离压力的地方。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. curiosity好奇；C. pressure压力；D. boredom无聊。根据上文第一段“academic success was everything”可知，学业带给作者很大压力，舞台可以逃离这份压力。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：但当父母发现这件事时，他们的反应很尖锐：“这会分散你的精力。”A. reaction反应；B. ambition抱负；C. tradition传统；D. conclusion结论。根据下文“This is a distraction”可知，这是父母得知他演戏之后作出的反应。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：一天晚上，我的戏剧老师注意到了我颤抖的双手。A. gave thought to仔细考虑；B. passed over忽略，不予考虑；C. took notice of注意到；D. kept track of记录，追踪。根据下文“‘You have real talent,’ she said, handing me an audition flyer (试镜传单)”可知，老师看到他紧张发抖的手之后，开口鼓励他并递给他试镜传单。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：我犹豫了——这场试镜和一场至关重要的考试时间冲突了。A. conflicted冲突；B. cooperated合作；C. contrasted对比；D. combined结合。根据上文“I hesitated”可知，作者犹豫的原因是试镜和重要考试时间互相冲突。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：最终，我选择追随自己的内心。A. pretended假装；B. refused拒绝；C. regretted后悔；D. chose选择。根据下文最后一段“Now as a theater major”可知，作者后来成为戏剧专业学生，说明他做出了遵从内心的选择。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：这关乎找到属于我自己的声音。A. losing失去；B. finding找到；C. hiding隐藏；D. doubting怀疑。根据下文最后一段“write your own story”可知，这里指找到属于自己的热爱与想法，自己的声音。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：这场表演远谈不上完美——我在第二幕忘词了，但观众的掌声比任何考试分数都更加真挚动人。A. copied复制；B. wrote写；C. translated翻译；D. forgot忘记。根据上文“The performance was far from perfect”可知，作者演出时忘词。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这场表演远谈不上完美——我在第二幕忘词了，但观众的掌声比任何考试分数都更加真挚动人。A. unclear不清楚的；B. formal正式的；C. genuine真诚的，真挚的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“The performance was far from perfect”以及“but”可知，尽管作者表演有失误，观众的掌声依旧是真挚的。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：现在，作为戏剧专业的学生，我明白了：生活并不是要满足别人的期待。A. setting设立；B. avoiding避免；C. meeting满足；D. lowering降低。根据上文第一段“My parents, both university professors, had my future planned”以及第三段“follow my heart”可知，此处表达不必迎合他人的期待，meet one’s expectations是固定搭配，意为“满足某人的期待”。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：真正的成功，是拥有书写自己人生故事的勇气。A. courage勇气；B. wealth财富；C. luck运气；D. fame名声。根据上文第三段“follow my heart”可知，违背父母规划、坚持走自己的路，需要勇气。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：就连我的父母最终也承认，我的选择带来了意料之外的成长。A. resisted抵制；B. predicted预测；C. denied否认；D. admitted承认。根据上文第二段“their was sharp: ‘This is a distraction.’”可知，父母转变了态度，承认这个选择的价值。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：回头看，那张剧院海报，就是真实自我的开端。A. obstacle障碍；B. beginning开端；C. ending结尾；D. routine惯例。根据上文第一段“when a community theater poster my path”可知，正是这张海报开启了作者追寻热爱、找到自我的旅程，是起点。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 31. After a long ________ (absent) from school, he tried his best to catch up with his classmates quickly.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】absence 【解析】 【详解】句意：在长时间缺课之后，他尽全力快速赶上了同学们。本空被形容词long修饰，作介词After的宾语，用名词absence。 32. When ________ (encounter) problems during the preparation for the contest, you can turn to your teacher for help. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】encountering 【解析】 【详解】句意：在备赛期间遇到问题时，你可以向老师求助。此处用非谓语动词和when构成时间状语，encounter和逻辑主语you为主动关系，用现在分词encountering。 33. The professor ________ classes are popular likes to help his students with their daily study problems.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位课程很受欢迎的教授喜欢帮助学生解决日常学习中的问题。空处引导定语从句，先行词是The professor，关系词在从句中作定语修饰名词classes，表示“教授的课程”，用关系代词whose。 34. The museum, ________ (found) by a famous collector, displays many priceless ancient treasures from around the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】founded 【解析】 【详解】句意：由一位著名收藏家创立的这座博物馆，展出了许多来自世界各地的无价古代珍宝。本空修饰名词The museum，found与museum是被动关系，且创立动作已完成，用过去分词founded作后置定语。 35. Nancy, ________ adorable girl, is outgoing and always gives warm help to her classmates at school. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【解析】 【详解】句意：南希，一个可爱的女孩，性格外向，在学校总是热心帮助同学。girl是可数名词单数，此处为泛指一个女孩，adorable以元音音素/ə/开头，所以用不定冠词an；an adorable girl作Nancy的同位语，意为“一个可爱的女孩”。 36. Some doctors insisted that healthy food ________ (combine) with enough exercise for people’s good health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】should be combined##be combined 【解析】 【详解】句意：一些医生坚持认为，为了人们的身体健康，健康食品应该与充足的运动相结合。本句中insist表示“坚决主张、坚持要求”，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”；且healthy food和combine之间是被动关系，需用含情态动词的被动语态(should) be combined。 37. I tried to persuade my close friend ________ (accompany) me on the long trip to the mountain village. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to accompany 【解析】 【详解】句意：我努力说服我的密友陪我一同踏上前往那个山村的长途旅行。固定搭配persuade sb. to do sth.“说服某人做某事”，本空用不定式形式to accompany。 38. ________ comparison, country life is quieter and healthier, but it offers fewer career opportunities. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】By 【解析】 【详解】句意：相比之下，乡村生活更安静、更健康，但能提供的职业机会更少。固定短语by comparison，意为“相比之下、相较而言”，本空用介词by，句首单词，首字母大写。 39. We ________ (rare) realize how small kindnesses can warm people around us in daily life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】rarely 【解析】 【详解】句意：在日常生活中，我们很少能意识到微小的善意可以温暖身边的人。本空修饰动词realize，作状语，用副词rarely。 40. I found ________ embarrassing that I slipped on the wet floor in front of the whole class. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【解析】 【详解】句意：我在全班同学面前滑倒在湿地板上，觉得很尴尬。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型：“find it + 形容词 + that 从句”，这里的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句（that I slipped on the wet floor…），形容词embarrassing作宾语补足语。 第四部分 写作（共三节；满分55分） 第一节（共7小题；第51~54小题每空0.5分，第55~57小题每题3分，满分15分） 根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。 41. When I studied abroad in 2020, I ________ ________ ________ ________ (保持联系) my Chinese friends through a shared chat group.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. kept ②. in ③. touch##contact ④. with 【解析】 【详解】句意：2020年我在国外留学时，通过一个共享聊天群和我的中国朋友们保持联系。“保持联系”用固定短语keep in touch/contact with，根据时间状语从句When I studied abroad in 2020可知，句子时态为一般过去时，keep的过去式为kept。 42. ________ ________ ________ (从这种意义上来讲), learning from mistakes is crucial for our growth and progress. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. In ②. this ③. sense 【解析】 【详解】句意：从这种意义上来讲，从错误中学习对我们的成长和进步至关重要。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为固定短语in this sense，意为“从这种意义上来讲、在这个意义上”，符合语境，放在句首首字母大写。 43. It is thought that drinking enough water keeps our skin healthy and our mind fresh. （同义转换） Drinking enough water ________ ________ ________ keep our skin healthy and our mind fresh. 【答案】 ①. is ②. thought ③. to 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们认为喝足量的水能保持我们皮肤健康、头脑清醒。分析句子可知，原句句型：It is thought that + 从句…（人们认为……）；转换句型：主语 + be thought to do sth。主语是Drinking enough water（动名词作主语，视为单数），be 动词用 is。 44. The museum attracts history lovers through its rich collections of ancient cultural relics. （同义转换） The museum ________ ________ history lovers through its rich collections of ancient cultural relics. 【答案】 ①. appeals ②. to 【解析】 【详解】句意：这座博物馆凭借丰富的文物藏品吸引着历史爱好者。空格处替换attracts“吸引”用appeal to，原句用一般现在时，转换后的句子仍用一般现在时，主语为The museum，谓语用appeals to。 45. The club organized many outdoor activities last year. Most of them were held on sunny weekends. (定语从句合并) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The club organized many outdoor activities last year, most of which were held on sunny weekends. 【解析】 【详解】句意：这家俱乐部去年组织了许多户外活动，其中大多数活动在晴朗的周末举办。将第一句作主句，第二句改为定语从句，先行词outdoor activities指物，介词of后用关系代词which，去掉第二句中的them。 46. Honestly, it can be both stressful and meaningful to prepare for the college entrance exam. （改为doing作主语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Honestly, preparing for the college entrance exam can be both stressful and meaningful. 【解析】 【详解】句意：说实话，备考高考既令人压力山大，又意义非凡。原句中it作形式主语，真正主语是to prepare…；改写后用动名词短语preparing for the college entrance exam作主语，can be作谓语，both stressful and meaningful作表语。 47. 换句话说，没有什么比和家人分享快乐更美好了。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In other words, nothing is better than sharing joy with family. 【解析】 【详解】“换句话说”作状语，译为介词短语In other words；“没有什么比……更美好……”可采用固定句型nothing is better than...，该句型用否定词加比较级结构表达最高级含义；比较对象“和家人分享快乐”作介词than后宾语，译为动名词短语sharing joy with family。 第二节 应用文写作（满分15分） 48. 假定你是李华，校英文报就食堂午餐时段播放的电视节目类型向同学们征求意见，可供选择的有“时事新闻类”和“音乐类”，请你给编辑写一封邮件发表你的意见，内容包括： (1)你的选择； (2)你的理由 注意: (1)写作词数应为80个左右。(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Editor, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Editor, I’m writing to express my views on the TV programs played in the school canteen at lunchtime. Personally, I think music programs are more suitable for us students. Firstly, lunchtime is a precious break for us to relax after busy morning study. Soft and pleasant music can effectively relieve our study pressure and refresh our minds. Secondly, music creates a relaxed dining atmosphere. In comparison, current news is usually serious and may make us feel tense, failing to help us rest well. I hope my opinion will be helpful to your decision. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生对于校英文报就食堂午餐时段播放的电视节目类型向同学们征求意见，可供选择的有“时事新闻类”和“音乐类”这一情况，给编辑写一封邮件发表你的意见。 【详解】1.词汇积累 缓解：relieve→ ease 适合的：suitable→ proper 相比之下：In comparison→ By contrast 营造：create→ build 2.句式拓展 改写同义句 原句：Knowing you are fond of seeing films, I want to invite you to go to the movies this weekend. 拓展句：Because I know you are fond of seeing films, I want to invite you to go to the movies this weekend. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In comparison, current news is usually serious and may make us feel tense, failing to help us rest well.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词failing作状语） 【高分句型2】Personally, I think music programs are more suitable for us students.（运用了省略连接词that引导的宾语从句） 第三节 读后续写（满分25分） 49. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Yeah, a BATTLE!” said William, pulling my arm. “You see that, John?” I looked up from my desk to see Ms. Chow writing on the board, “Battle of the Books!” She smiled and then said, “Are you ready to go into the battle? Get prepared for it next week!” “Is it a reading contest?” I was so excited that I forgot to raise my hand first. “Good question, John!” said Ms. Chow. “It is not a race and you are not going to beat each other. We are not going to see who can read the fastest or the most books, but you are going to form a team of three and then set a reading goal for your team. If your team meet your goal by the end of this month, you will get a prize!” Even though the prize was something silly, that still sounded pretty good to me. I turned towards William immediately, saying,“Shall we be teammates?” “Yes, for sure!” he said. William and I liked a lot of the same books, so we could set a goal together. The be1l rang before Ms. Chow could explain any more rules. William and I were about to begin our discussion when Lily passed my desk and said “Teammates?” to William and me. Lily was a girl from Spain and she could read super-fast in both English and Spanish! If we set a goal like reading books by authors from different countries, she could help the team for sure. “Yeah,of course!” William and I nodded. I had my team! The three of us settled down and started a discussion immediately, trying to figure out what we needed to do to get the prize. Just then, I saw my best friend Tom running towards my desk. I could clearly see the expectation shining in his eyes. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 “John, let’s be teammates!” Tom said to me excitedly. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hearing what Lily said, we agreed with her suggestion. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “John, let’s be teammates!” Tom said to me excitedly. Hearing what Tom said, I bowed my head in embarrassment, not daring to meet his eyes because I didn’t know how to refuse him politely. He was my best friend and I didn’t want to ruin our friendship. William and Lily also fell into silence and had no idea how to deal with it. Suddenly, Lily said happily, “we can turn to Ms. Chow for help. If we really want to be a team, maybe she will grant our request. ” Hearing what Lily said, we agreed with her suggestion. So we approached Ms. Chow who was getting ready to leave the classroom. After hearing what we said, she finally agreed, but with one condition that we must set a higher reading goal for our team since we had four. We agreed happily. Finally, the problem was solved perfectly and nobody was heart-broken. I was firmly sure that we would complete our reading goal and win the prize. 【解析】 【导语】本文以读书比赛的活动线索展开，讲述了作者和两个小伙伴组队参加老师组织的读书比赛的活动，这时他最好的朋友也想加入他的队伍，但老师要求只能三人一组。就在作者为难之际，同伴提出了建议，最终完美地解决了组队的问题。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘约翰，我们做队友吧。’汤姆激动地对我说”可知，第一段可描写作者的尴尬和不知所措及女同学提出的建议。 ②由第二段首句内容“听完莉莉的话，我们同意了她的建议。”可知，第二段可描写我们采取的行动及最终解决了组队问题。 2.续写线索：组队友——问题——不知所措——提建议——解决问题——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.低头：bow my head/lower my head ②.破坏： ruin/destroy ③.拒绝：refuse politely/decline 情绪类 ①.开心地：happily/joyfully/delightfully ②.伤心的：heart-broken/grieved 【点睛】【高分句型1】So we approached Ms. Chow who was getting ready to leave the classroom.（运用了who引导的定语从句。） 【高分句型2】After hearing what we said, she finally agreed, but with one condition that we must set a higher reading goal for our team since we had four. （运用了that引导的同位语从句。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $