Unit 3 War and Peace单元写作作业设计（学生版+教师版）2026-2027学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册

外研版选择性必修三 Unit 3　War and Peace 单元写作作业 一、单元写作任务 你校将在国家公祭日（National Memorial Day）前夕举办"Cherish Peace"主题英语演讲活动。假定你是李华，请结合一次战争中的真实故事（如 Anne Frank 的日记、战地家书、圣诞停战日的足球赛等）写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 讲述一个战争中的小故事； 2. 谈谈这个故事让你如何理解和平的珍贵； 3. 号召青年一代铭记历史、守护和平。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good afternoon, everyone. Today I want to tell you a story from the darkest of times. 　　____________________________________________________________________ 　　____________________________________________________________________ 　　Thank you for listening! 二、审题建模（动笔前先想清楚这五件事） 项目 写作要点 体裁 纪念日活动演讲稿：问候—讲故事—析道理—发号召—致谢，庄重而有感染力。 人称 第一人称（I）讲述与议论，第一人称复数（we）发出号召，第三人称讲人物故事。 时态 叙述战争中的故事用一般过去时；谈和平的珍贵与青年责任用一般现在时。 结构 四段式。Para 1：问候 + 点题（一个来自至暗时刻的故事）；Para 2：讲故事（时间、地点、人物、细节，尤其是"黑暗中的微光"）；Para 3：由故事引出和平的珍贵（对比今天的日常与当年的奢望）；Para 4：号召铭记历史、守护和平 + 致谢。 要点 故事要"小切口"：一页日记、一封家书、一场战壕里的足球赛，比宏大叙述更打动人；号召要具体（学历史、讲给更多人听），避免空喊口号。 语气 庄重、深情、克制。多用短句和排比制造节奏，用"今天的平凡=当年的奢望"式对比催人深思。 三、话题词块梳理 Ⅰ. 话题词汇（根据提示补全单词或词义） 话题词汇 1. war n. ____________ 2. ____________ n. 和平 adj. 平静的 3. soldier n. ____________ 4. ____________ n. 战役；战斗 5. conflict n. ____________ 6. ____________ adj. 纪念的；悼念的 7. sacrifice n. ____________ vt. ____________ 8. ____________ n. 苦难；痛苦 9. destroy vt. ____________ 10. ____________ n. 毁坏；毁灭 11. civilian n. ____________ 12. ____________ n. 日记 13. courage n. ____________ 14. ____________ n. 自由 15. bomb n. ____________ 16. ____________ n. 躲避处；避难所 17. front line ____________ 18. ____________ n. 一代（人） 19. responsibility n. ____________ 20. ____________ vt. 珍惜；珍视 21. despair n. ____________ 22. ____________ n. 希望 vi. 希望 23. innocent adj. ____________ 24. ____________ vt. 纪念；庆祝（节日、事件） Ⅱ. 话题词块（根据汉语补全短语，或根据短语写出汉语） 话题词块 1. break out ____________ 2. ____________ 处于交战状态 3. lay down one's life ____________ 4. ____________ 为纪念…… 5. make sacrifices ____________ 6. ____________ 遭受；经受 7. be caught in ____________ 8. ____________ 躲藏起来 9. keep a diary ____________ 10. ____________ 渴望 11. dream of ____________ 12. ____________ 和平地生活 13. on the battlefield ____________ 14. ____________ 在前线 15. lose heart ____________ 16. ____________ 怀抱希望 17. remind sb of ____________ 18. ____________ 从历史中汲取教训 19. pass on ____________ 20. ____________ 承担责任 21. contribute to ____________ 22. ____________ 防止……发生 23. at the cost of ____________ 24. ____________ 归功于；多亏 25. so that ____________ 26. ____________ 数以千计的 27. write down ____________ 28. ____________ 黑暗中的光 29. in the end ____________ 30. ____________ 珍爱和平 Ⅲ. 词块升级（把左边的“基础表达”换成右边更高级的说法） 基础表达 升级表达 1. War is terrible. ____________________ 2. We should remember history. ____________________ 3. Peace is very important. ____________________ 4. Anne was very brave. ____________________ 5. We must work hard. ____________________ 6. Many people died in the war. ____________________ 7. We will not forget. ____________________ 8. Let us love peace. ____________________ 四、教材好句精选（根据汉语补全句子，注意课文句式与词块的用法） 1. 第二次世界大战爆发时，安妮只有十岁。 　　Anne was only ten years old when World War II ________ ________. 2. 为了躲避纳粹，她一家在密室里藏了两年。 　　To escape the Nazis, her family ________ ________ in a hidden room for two years. 3. 躲藏期间，她坚持写日记，写下她的恐惧与梦想。 　　During those years, she ________ ________ ________, writing down her fears and dreams. 4. 她在日记里写道，她仍然相信人性本善。 　　She wrote in her diary that she still ________ ________ the goodness of people. 5. 成千上万的年轻人献出了生命，我们才得以坐在教室里。 　　Thousands of young lives were ________ ________ so that we could sit in classrooms today. 6. 我们享受的平凡日常，正是他们当年最深的渴望。 　　The ordinary days we enjoy now were exactly what they ________ ________ most. 7. 我们纪念死者，不是为了延续仇恨，而是为了守护和平。 　　We honour the dead not to deepen hatred, ________ ________ guard peace. 8. 只有铭记历史，我们才能防止悲剧重演。 　　Only by remembering history ________ ________ prevent the tragedy from happening again. 9. 对他们最好的告慰，是把他们的故事讲给更多人听。 　　The best comfort we can offer is to ________ ________ ________ to more people. 10. 和平从来不是理所当然的，它需要每一代人去守护。 　　Peace is never ________ ________ ________; it must be guarded by every generation. 11. 即使在最黑暗的日子里，她也从未失去希望。 　　Even in the darkest days, she never ________ ________. 12. 作为青年一代，守护和平是我们的责任。 　　As the young generation, ________ ________ falls on us to guard peace. 五、句式升级与仿写（按要求改写下列句子，体会“高级感”从何而来） 1. The war started in 1939. 要求：用 break out 改写，并加时间状语从句突出安妮的年龄 → ____________________________________________________________ 2. Anne wrote a diary every day in the hiding place. 要求：用 keep a diary + 现在分词作状语改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 3. She believed people were good at heart. 要求：用 It is…that… 强调句改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 4. We live in peace today. Soldiers died for it. 要求：用 so that 或 thanks to 合并因果 → ____________________________________________________________ 5. We should remember history. 要求：用 Only by…倒装句改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 6. War destroys homes, schools and lives. 要求：用 leave behind 改写，更有画面感 → ____________________________________________________________ 7. Do not forget the past. 要求：用祈使句 + and 表结果改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 8. Their stories are very moving. 要求：用 so…that… 倒装句改写 → ____________________________________________________________ 9. We must guard peace. It is our duty. 要求：用 it falls on sb to do 句型合并 → ____________________________________________________________ 10. We honour the dead. We do not spread hatred. 要求：用 not…but… 结构合并 → ____________________________________________________________ 六、课外材料精编（读一读，背一背，用一用） In spite of everything, I still believe that people are really good at heart. 尽管如此，我仍然相信人性本善。（安妮·弗兰克日记）　（宾语从句 + 让步短语） Peace is not the absence of war, but the presence of justice. 和平不是没有战争，而是正义长存。　（not…but… 对称） Never again should the desks of classrooms fall silent because of war. 教室里的书桌再也不要因为战争而沉默。　（never again 前置的半倒装） What those soldiers wanted was not a monument, but a morning when children could laugh again. 那些士兵想要的不是纪念碑，而是孩子们重新欢笑的一个早晨。　（what 主语从句 + not…but…） The darker the night of war, the brighter a single candle of hope. 战争的夜越黑，一支希望的烛光就越亮。　（the + 比较级, the + 比较级） Every name on the memorial stone once carried a schoolbag just like ours. 纪念碑上的每一个名字，都曾背过和我们一样的书包。　（过去式叙述 + 对比暗示） Remembering history is not about hatred; it is about responsibility. 铭记历史不是为了让仇恨延续，而是为了让责任延续。　（动名词作主语 + 分号对比） Only when the last veteran closes his eyes can we truly understand what we are about to lose. 只有当最后一位老兵合上双眼，我们才会真正懂得即将失去什么。　（only + when 从句倒装） With their letters in our hands, the soldiers of the past speak to the youth of today. 捧着他们的家书，昨天的士兵正对今天的青年说话。　（with 复合结构） So fragile is peace that it asks every generation to hold it carefully. 和平如此脆弱，它需要每一代人小心翼翼地捧着它。　（so…that 倒装） We did not see the war, but we live in the peace they paid for. 我们没见过战争，却活在他们的牺牲换来的和平里。　（but 对比 + 过去分词定语） A diary written in a hiding place outlived the regime that wanted her silent. 写于密室的日记，比想让她沉默的政权活得更久。　（过去分词定语 + outlive 拟物） Let us be the generation that turns "never again" from words into habit. 让我们成为把"永不重演"从口号变成习惯的一代人。　（定语从句 + 转品修辞） The best memorial is not a stone, but a school that keeps its doors open in peace. 最好的纪念不是石头，而是一座在和平中敞开大门的学校。　（not…but… 对比） 七、同话题高考真题【改编自高考应用文真题·纪念活动演讲稿，情境已替换】 你校将举行"铭记历史，珍爱和平"主题班会，请你代表班级用英语发言，内容包括： 1. 简述一次让你深受触动的班会活动（如读战地家书）； 2. 谈谈你的感受； 3. 表达珍爱和平的决心。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；4. 本题根据高考英语应用文"活动发言稿"真题改编，情境已替换为本单元话题。 八、范文赏析 【参考范文】 Good afternoon, everyone. Today I want to tell you a story from the darkest of times. 　　In 1942, a thirteen-year-old girl named Anne Frank hid away in a secret room to escape the Nazis. For two years, she kept a diary, writing down her fear of the bombs, her quarrels with her family, and her dream of riding a bike in the sunshine again. "In spite of everything, I still believe that people are really good at heart," she wrote. She never saw that sunshine again. 　　Her story makes me understand what peace truly means. The busy mornings we complain about, the crowds we push through—these were the very things she longed for. Peace was never a gift; it was paid for, life by life. 　　So, as the young generation, let us remember history, pass their stories on, and guard the peace they bought with everything they had. That is the best answer we can give Anne. Thank you for listening! 【学生习作】 Good afternoon, everyone. Today I want to tell you a story from the darkest of times. 　　I want to talk about war and peace. War is very bad. Many people died in wars. Their homes were destroyed. Children could not go to school. 　　Anne Frank was a girl in the war. She wrote a diary. Later she died. Her diary is famous now. 　　Peace is very important. We should love peace. We should study hard and make our country strong. Then there will be no war. Thank you for listening! 【自我修改清单】（写完对照检查） □ 故事是否选了"小切口"（一页日记、一封家书），而不是泛泛地说"战争很残酷"？ □ 故事里是否有一个具体细节（一句话、一件小物）能打动听众？ □ 道理是否从故事自然引出，做到了今昔对照（我们的日常=他们的奢望）？ □ 是否用了强调句、倒装或排比，让演讲有节奏和感染力？ □ 是否用上了本单元词块（break out、hide away、long for、pass on、cherish peace 等）至少4个？ □ 号召是否具体（学历史、讲故事、从我做起），结尾是否有一句掷地有声的话？ 九、参考答案 三、话题词块梳理 Ⅰ. 话题词汇 1. war n. 战争 2. peace n. 和平 adj. peaceful 平静的 3. soldier n. 士兵；军人 4. battle n. 战役；战斗 5. conflict n. 冲突；矛盾 6. memorial adj. 纪念的；悼念的 7. sacrifice n. 牺牲 vt. 牺牲；献出 8. suffering n. 苦难；痛苦 9. destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏 10. destruction n. 毁坏；毁灭 11. civilian n. 平民；老百姓 12. diary n. 日记 13. courage n. 勇气；胆量 14. freedom n. 自由 15. bomb n. 炸弹 vt. 轰炸 16. shelter n. 躲避处；避难所 17. front line 前线 18. generation n. 一代（人） 19. responsibility n. 责任；职责 20. cherish vt. 珍惜；珍视 21. despair n. 绝望 22. hope n. 希望 vi. 希望 23. innocent adj. 无辜的；清白的 24. commemorate vt. 纪念；庆祝（节日、事件） Ⅱ. 话题词块 1. break out （战争等）爆发 2. at war 处于交战状态 3. lay down one's life 献出生命；牺牲 4. in memory of 为纪念…… 5. make sacrifices 做出牺牲 6. suffer from 遭受；经受 7. be caught in 陷入；被困于 8. hide away 躲藏起来 9. keep a diary 记日记 10. long for 渴望 11. dream of 梦想；向往 12. live in peace 和平地生活 13. on the battlefield 在战场上 14. in the front line 在前线 15. lose heart 灰心；丧失勇气 16. hold on to hope 怀抱希望 17. remind sb of 使某人想起 18. learn from history 从历史中汲取教训 19. pass on 传递；传承 20. take on responsibility 承担责任 21. contribute to 有助于；为……做贡献 22. prevent...from happening 防止……发生 23. at the cost of 以……为代价 24. thanks to 归功于；多亏 25. so that 以便；为了 26. thousands of 数以千计的 27. write down 写下；记下 28. light in the darkness 黑暗中的光 29. in the end 最终 30. treasure/cherish peace 珍爱和平 Ⅲ. 词块升级 1. War leaves nothing but broken homes and silent desks. 2. History should be remembered, not to deepen hatred, but to guard peace. 3. Peace is not a gift—it is a promise every generation must keep. 4. In the face of fear, Anne chose to believe in the goodness of people. 5. The best way to honour them is to build the world they dreamed of. 6. Thousands of young lives were laid down so that we could sit in classrooms today. 7. We will carry their stories forward, word by word, year by year. 8. Let peace begin with us—in how we speak, how we listen, and how we forgive. 四、教材好句精选 1. Anne was only ten years old when World War II broke out. 2. To escape the Nazis, her family hid away in a hidden room for two years. 3. During those years, she kept a diary, writing down her fears and dreams. 4. She wrote in her diary that she still believed in the goodness of people. 5. Thousands of young lives were laid down so that we could sit in classrooms today. 6. The ordinary days we enjoy now were exactly what they longed for most. 7. We honour the dead not to deepen hatred, but to guard peace. 8. Only by remembering history can we prevent the tragedy from happening again. 9. The best comfort we can offer is to pass their stories on to more people. 10. Peace is never taken for granted; it must be guarded by every generation. 11. Even in the darkest days, she never lost hope. 12. As the young generation, it falls on us to guard peace. 五、句式升级与仿写 1. The war broke out in 1939, when Anne was just a little girl of ten. 2. Anne kept a diary in the hiding place, writing down both her fear and her hope. 3. It was people's goodness at heart that she believed in. 4. Thanks to the soldiers who laid down their lives, we live in peace today. 5. Only by remembering history can we guard the peace we enjoy today. 6. War leaves behind nothing but broken homes, silent schools and endless tears. 7. Remember the past, and we will know why every peaceful morning is worth treasuring. 8. So moving are their stories that even eighty years later, tears still come easily. 9. It falls on us, the young generation, to guard the peace they bought with their lives. 10. We honour the dead not to plant hatred, but to plant peace in the hearts of the young. 七、同话题高考真题【改编自高考应用文真题·纪念活动演讲稿，情境已替换】 审体裁：班会发言稿，有称呼（Dear teachers and fellow students）、有落款致谢。 审人称：第一人称（I）写感受，第一人称复数（we）表决心。 审时态：叙述活动用一般过去时；感受与决心用一般现在时。 审内容：Para 1 点题（读一封战地家书）；Para 2 活动细节与感受（信里只写"勿念"，却把仅剩的糖留给妹妹）；Para 3 决心（珍惜日常、发奋学习、传递故事）。 审语气：庄重真挚，细节克制；用"小事见大情"的方式代替宏大口号。 【参考范文】 Dear teachers and fellow students, 　　At today's class meeting, we read a letter written by a young soldier to his sister in 1943. In just a few lines, he reported that he was safe, asked her not to worry, and said he was saving his last piece of candy for his homecoming. 　　He never came home. Reading his words, I suddenly understood: the peaceful afternoons we complain about are the very afternoons he fought for. 　　We cannot change the past, but we can refuse to forget it. Let us study hard, pass their stories on, and guard the peace that cost them everything. Thank you for listening! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版选择性必修三 Unit 3　War and Peace 单元写作作业（教师版） 一、单元写作任务 你校将在国家公祭日（National Memorial Day）前夕举办"Cherish Peace"主题英语演讲活动。假定你是李华，请结合一次战争中的真实故事（如 Anne Frank 的日记、战地家书、圣诞停战日的足球赛等）写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 讲述一个战争中的小故事； 2. 谈谈这个故事让你如何理解和平的珍贵； 3. 号召青年一代铭记历史、守护和平。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good afternoon, everyone. Today I want to tell you a story from the darkest of times. 　　____________________________________________________________________ 　　____________________________________________________________________ 　　Thank you for listening! 二、审题建模（动笔前先想清楚这五件事） 项目 写作要点 体裁 纪念日活动演讲稿：问候—讲故事—析道理—发号召—致谢，庄重而有感染力。 人称 第一人称（I）讲述与议论，第一人称复数（we）发出号召，第三人称讲人物故事。 时态 叙述战争中的故事用一般过去时；谈和平的珍贵与青年责任用一般现在时。 结构 四段式。Para 1：问候 + 点题（一个来自至暗时刻的故事）；Para 2：讲故事（时间、地点、人物、细节，尤其是"黑暗中的微光"）；Para 3：由故事引出和平的珍贵（对比今天的日常与当年的奢望）；Para 4：号召铭记历史、守护和平 + 致谢。 要点 故事要"小切口"：一页日记、一封家书、一场战壕里的足球赛，比宏大叙述更打动人；号召要具体（学历史、讲给更多人听），避免空喊口号。 语气 庄重、深情、克制。多用短句和排比制造节奏，用"今天的平凡=当年的奢望"式对比催人深思。 三、话题词块梳理 Ⅰ. 话题词汇（中英对照，答案已填入） 话题词汇 1. war n. 战争 2. peace n. 和平 adj. peaceful 平静的 3. soldier n. 士兵；军人 4. battle n. 战役；战斗 5. conflict n. 冲突；矛盾 6. memorial adj. 纪念的；悼念的 7. sacrifice n. 牺牲 vt. 牺牲；献出 8. suffering n. 苦难；痛苦 9. destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏 10. destruction n. 毁坏；毁灭 11. civilian n. 平民；老百姓 12. diary n. 日记 13. courage n. 勇气；胆量 14. freedom n. 自由 15. bomb n. 炸弹 vt. 轰炸 16. shelter n. 躲避处；避难所 17. front line 前线 18. generation n. 一代（人） 19. responsibility n. 责任；职责 20. cherish vt. 珍惜；珍视 21. despair n. 绝望 22. hope n. 希望 vi. 希望 23. innocent adj. 无辜的；清白的 24. commemorate vt. 纪念；庆祝（节日、事件） Ⅱ. 话题词块（答案已填入） 话题词块 1. break out （战争等）爆发 2. at war 处于交战状态 3. lay down one's life 献出生命；牺牲 4. in memory of 为纪念…… 5. make sacrifices 做出牺牲 6. suffer from 遭受；经受 7. be caught in 陷入；被困于 8. hide away 躲藏起来 9. keep a diary 记日记 10. long for 渴望 11. dream of 梦想；向往 12. live in peace 和平地生活 13. on the battlefield 在战场上 14. in the front line 在前线 15. lose heart 灰心；丧失勇气 16. hold on to hope 怀抱希望 17. remind sb of 使某人想起 18. learn from history 从历史中汲取教训 19. pass on 传递；传承 20. take on responsibility 承担责任 21. contribute to 有助于；为……做贡献 22. prevent...from happening 防止……发生 23. at the cost of 以……为代价 24. thanks to 归功于；多亏 25. so that 以便；为了 26. thousands of 数以千计的 27. write down 写下；记下 28. light in the darkness 黑暗中的光 29. in the end 最终 30. treasure/cherish peace 珍爱和平 Ⅲ. 词块升级（把左边的“基础表达”换成右边更高级的说法） 基础表达 升级表达 1. War is terrible. War leaves nothing but broken homes and silent desks. 2. We should remember history. History should be remembered, not to deepen hatred, but to guard peace. 3. Peace is very important. Peace is not a gift—it is a promise every generation must keep. 4. Anne was very brave. In the face of fear, Anne chose to believe in the goodness of people. 5. We must work hard. The best way to honour them is to build the world they dreamed of. 6. Many people died in the war. Thousands of young lives were laid down so that we could sit in classrooms today. 7. We will not forget. We will carry their stories forward, word by word, year by year. 8. Let us love peace. Let peace begin with us—in how we speak, how we listen, and how we forgive. 四、教材好句精选（根据汉语补全句子，注意课文句式与词块的用法） 1. 第二次世界大战爆发时，安妮只有十岁。 　　Anne was only ten years old when World War II broke out. 2. 为了躲避纳粹，她一家在密室里藏了两年。 　　To escape the Nazis, her family hid away in a hidden room for two years. 3. 躲藏期间，她坚持写日记，写下她的恐惧与梦想。 　　During those years, she kept a diary, writing down her fears and dreams. 4. 她在日记里写道，她仍然相信人性本善。 　　She wrote in her diary that she still believed in the goodness of people. 5. 成千上万的年轻人献出了生命，我们才得以坐在教室里。 　　Thousands of young lives were laid down so that we could sit in classrooms today. 6. 我们享受的平凡日常，正是他们当年最深的渴望。 　　The ordinary days we enjoy now were exactly what they longed for most. 7. 我们纪念死者，不是为了延续仇恨，而是为了守护和平。 　　We honour the dead not to deepen hatred, but to guard peace. 8. 只有铭记历史，我们才能防止悲剧重演。 　　Only by remembering history can we prevent the tragedy from happening again. 9. 对他们最好的告慰，是把他们的故事讲给更多人听。 　　The best comfort we can offer is to pass their stories on to more people. 10. 和平从来不是理所当然的，它需要每一代人去守护。 　　Peace is never taken for granted; it must be guarded by every generation. 11. 即使在最黑暗的日子里，她也从未失去希望。 　　Even in the darkest days, she never lost hope. 12. 作为青年一代，守护和平是我们的责任。 　　As the young generation, it falls on us to guard peace. 五、句式升级与仿写（按要求改写下列句子，体会“高级感”从何而来） 1. The war started in 1939. 要求：用 break out 改写，并加时间状语从句突出安妮的年龄 → The war broke out in 1939, when Anne was just a little girl of ten. 2. Anne wrote a diary every day in the hiding place. 要求：用 keep a diary + 现在分词作状语改写 → Anne kept a diary in the hiding place, writing down both her fear and her hope. 3. She believed people were good at heart. 要求：用 It is…that… 强调句改写 → It was people's goodness at heart that she believed in. 4. We live in peace today. Soldiers died for it. 要求：用 so that 或 thanks to 合并因果 → Thanks to the soldiers who laid down their lives, we live in peace today. 5. We should remember history. 要求：用 Only by…倒装句改写 → Only by remembering history can we guard the peace we enjoy today. 6. War destroys homes, schools and lives. 要求：用 leave behind 改写，更有画面感 → War leaves behind nothing but broken homes, silent schools and endless tears. 7. Do not forget the past. 要求：用祈使句 + and 表结果改写 → Remember the past, and we will know why every peaceful morning is worth treasuring. 8. Their stories are very moving. 要求：用 so…that… 倒装句改写 → So moving are their stories that even eighty years later, tears still come easily. 9. We must guard peace. It is our duty. 要求：用 it falls on sb to do 句型合并 → It falls on us, the young generation, to guard the peace they bought with their lives. 10. We honour the dead. We do not spread hatred. 要求：用 not…but… 结构合并 → We honour the dead not to plant hatred, but to plant peace in the hearts of the young. 六、课外材料精编（读一读，背一背，用一用） In spite of everything, I still believe that people are really good at heart. 尽管如此，我仍然相信人性本善。（安妮·弗兰克日记）　（宾语从句 + 让步短语） Peace is not the absence of war, but the presence of justice. 和平不是没有战争，而是正义长存。　（not…but… 对称） Never again should the desks of classrooms fall silent because of war. 教室里的书桌再也不要因为战争而沉默。　（never again 前置的半倒装） What those soldiers wanted was not a monument, but a morning when children could laugh again. 那些士兵想要的不是纪念碑，而是孩子们重新欢笑的一个早晨。　（what 主语从句 + not…but…） The darker the night of war, the brighter a single candle of hope. 战争的夜越黑，一支希望的烛光就越亮。　（the + 比较级, the + 比较级） Every name on the memorial stone once carried a schoolbag just like ours. 纪念碑上的每一个名字，都曾背过和我们一样的书包。　（过去式叙述 + 对比暗示） Remembering history is not about hatred; it is about responsibility. 铭记历史不是为了让仇恨延续，而是为了让责任延续。　（动名词作主语 + 分号对比） Only when the last veteran closes his eyes can we truly understand what we are about to lose. 只有当最后一位老兵合上双眼，我们才会真正懂得即将失去什么。　（only + when 从句倒装） With their letters in our hands, the soldiers of the past speak to the youth of today. 捧着他们的家书，昨天的士兵正对今天的青年说话。　（with 复合结构） So fragile is peace that it asks every generation to hold it carefully. 和平如此脆弱，它需要每一代人小心翼翼地捧着它。　（so…that 倒装） We did not see the war, but we live in the peace they paid for. 我们没见过战争，却活在他们的牺牲换来的和平里。　（but 对比 + 过去分词定语） A diary written in a hiding place outlived the regime that wanted her silent. 写于密室的日记，比想让她沉默的政权活得更久。　（过去分词定语 + outlive 拟物） Let us be the generation that turns "never again" from words into habit. 让我们成为把"永不重演"从口号变成习惯的一代人。　（定语从句 + 转品修辞） The best memorial is not a stone, but a school that keeps its doors open in peace. 最好的纪念不是石头，而是一座在和平中敞开大门的学校。　（not…but… 对比） 七、同话题高考真题【改编自高考应用文真题·纪念活动演讲稿，情境已替换】 你校将举行"铭记历史，珍爱和平"主题班会，请你代表班级用英语发言，内容包括： 1. 简述一次让你深受触动的班会活动（如读战地家书）； 2. 谈谈你的感受； 3. 表达珍爱和平的决心。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；4. 本题根据高考英语应用文"活动发言稿"真题改编，情境已替换为本单元话题。 【审题建模】 审体裁：班会发言稿，有称呼（Dear teachers and fellow students）、有落款致谢。 审人称：第一人称（I）写感受，第一人称复数（we）表决心。 审时态：叙述活动用一般过去时；感受与决心用一般现在时。 审内容：Para 1 点题（读一封战地家书）；Para 2 活动细节与感受（信里只写"勿念"，却把仅剩的糖留给妹妹）；Para 3 决心（珍惜日常、发奋学习、传递故事）。 审语气：庄重真挚，细节克制；用"小事见大情"的方式代替宏大口号。 【参考范文】 Dear teachers and fellow students, 　　At today's class meeting, we read a letter written by a young soldier to his sister in 1943. In just a few lines, he reported that he was safe, asked her not to worry, and said he was saving his last piece of candy for his homecoming. 　　He never came home. Reading his words, I suddenly understood: the peaceful afternoons we complain about are the very afternoons he fought for. 　　We cannot change the past, but we can refuse to forget it. Let us study hard, pass their stories on, and guard the peace that cost them everything. Thank you for listening! 【亮点句式】 ① …he reported that he was safe, asked her not to worry, and said…（三个并列谓语，克制中见深情） ② He never came home.（三个词独立成句，戛然而止，胜过千言） ③ …the peaceful afternoons we complain about are the very afternoons he fought for.（两个定语从句形成回环，今昔对照） ④ …guard the peace that cost them everything.（cost them everything 收束，分量千钧） 八、范文赏析 【参考范文】 Good afternoon, everyone. Today I want to tell you a story from the darkest of times. 　　In 1942, a thirteen-year-old girl named Anne Frank hid away in a secret room to escape the Nazis. For two years, she kept a diary, writing down her fear of the bombs, her quarrels with her family, and her dream of riding a bike in the sunshine again. "In spite of everything, I still believe that people are really good at heart," she wrote. She never saw that sunshine again. 　　Her story makes me understand what peace truly means. The busy mornings we complain about, the crowds we push through—these were the very things she longed for. Peace was never a gift; it was paid for, life by life. 　　So, as the young generation, let us remember history, pass their stories on, and guard the peace they bought with everything they had. That is the best answer we can give Anne. Thank you for listening! 【学生习作】 Good afternoon, everyone. Today I want to tell you a story from the darkest of times. 　　I want to talk about war and peace. War is very bad. Many people died in wars. Their homes were destroyed. Children could not go to school. 　　Anne Frank was a girl in the war. She wrote a diary. Later she died. Her diary is famous now. 　　Peace is very important. We should love peace. We should study hard and make our country strong. Then there will be no war. Thank you for listening! 【习作点评】 优点：立场正确、格式完整，提到了安妮的故事，能表达珍爱和平的态度，语言基本通顺无大错。 问题一：故事只"报幕"不"讲述"。"She wrote a diary. Later she died."过于草率；应选一个细节（她在密室里向往阳光和自行车）让听众心头一紧。 问题二：观点与故事脱节。第二段讲完安妮，第三段却另起炉灶谈"国家强大"，应让道理从故事里自然长出来（如"她渴望的正是我们抱怨的日常"）。 问题三：句式平铺直叙，缺少倒装、强调句与排比；演讲没有"声音感"，可用 Only by remembering…can we…、Let us…排比句提升感染力。 问题四：本单元词块用得太少（break out、hide away、long for、lay down one's life、in memory of 等均未出现），结尾"make our country strong"偏离主题，应落在"守护和平"的具体行动上。 【评分标准】（满分15分，按高考应用文评分细则） 档次 分数 评分描述 第五档 13—15分 覆盖全部要点，应用了较多语法结构和词汇，句式有变化，衔接自然，语法和拼写错误极少，完全达到交际目的。 第四档 10—12分 覆盖全部要点，语法结构和词汇能满足任务要求，衔接基本连贯，有少量错误但不影响理解。 第三档 7—9分 基本覆盖要点，语法结构单调，词汇有限，有一些错误，部分内容表达不清。 第二档 4—6分 遗漏较多要点，语法结构单调、词汇项目有限，错误较多，影响理解。 第一档 1—3分 只能写出个别单词，内容太少，无法传达信息。 【写作指导：本单元写作的三个得分点】 得分点一：让故事自己说话。选一个小切口，用三五句白描讲完（谁、在哪、做了什么、结局如何），最后再补一句"她再也看不到那个阳光"式的收笔——克制比煽情更有力量。 得分点二：用"今昔对照"说理。把"我们抱怨的日常"与"他们当年的奢望"放在一起（The busy mornings we complain about were the very things she longed for），和平的珍贵不言自明。 得分点三：号召要落在"青年"与"行动"。用 Let us + 三组具体动作（铭记历史、传递故事、守护和平）构成排比，并嵌入本单元词块 pass on、cherish peace、in memory of，结尾才有千钧之力。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $