精品解析：河南省周口市鹿邑县高级中学校2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

高二10月阶段性检测 英语 注意事项： 1．答题前，务必将自己的个人信息填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What is the woman probably? A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A doctor. 2. What does the man probably think of the new play? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Strange. 3. When will the speakers see the film? A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. This Thursday. 4. Why does the woman make the call? A. To find an apartment. B. To buy some items. C. To ask for some information. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Emily’s love for funny operas. B. Emily’s favorite stories. C. Their views on operas. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. How did the woman reach the meeting place? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Neighbors. C. Guide and visitor. 听第7段录音,回答第8至10题。 8. What do the speakers plan to do this Saturday? A. Eat out. B. Go climbing. C. Do some shopping. 9. Why did Emma want to stay at home at first? A. To spend time with a friend. B. To finish her homework. C. To play video games. 10. What will Emma do next? A. Watch a movie. B. Refuse Carol’s invitation. C. Make a phone call. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the woman’s problem? A. She is tired of her phone. B. She often forgets to check messages. C. She has trouble focusing on her work. 12. Why does the man make hourly goals? A. To make full use of time. B. To spare time for sports. C. To keep mentally healthy. 13. How often does the man suggest taking a break? A. Every 10 minutes. B. Every 15 minutes. C. Every 50 minutes. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. How does the man find the end of the book? A. It’s exciting. B. It’s humorous. C. It’s disappointing. 15. Where did the man get the book? A. On a train. B. In a bookstore. C. In a library. 16. What does the man promise to do? A. Read the book again. B. Bring the book to the woman. C. Recommend the book to others. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What was the group’s first stop in Melbourne? A. Town Hall. B. Eureka Tower. C. Chinatown. 18. Where did the group meet a famous writer? A. At the State Library. B. In the Botanical Gardens. C. On Swanton Street. 19. How long does the group’s trip last? A. Less than two days. B. About three days. C. Over four days. 20. What is the speaker probably? A. A student. B. A parent. C. A teacher. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Located in California’s Coast Range, Pinnacles National Park is the state’s smallest national park and one of its most fascinating national parks from a geological perspective. The name “Pinnacles” refers to the remains of a powerful volcanic eruption around 23 million years ago, south of the park in the Mojave Desert. Wind and water carved the unique landscape, and tectonic plate movement (板块运动) along the San Andreas Fault gradually moved the spires (尖顶) northward over the ages. Pinnacles received government protection in 1908 as one of the nation’s earliest national historical sites and was upgraded to a national park in 2013. The park is divided into east and west parts, with rugged, roadless areas reachable only on foot. The main activities are hiking through the twisted landscape and exploring several stone caves (洞), or rocky spaces and tunnels formed by large rocks piled up together. This park is also a great place to see giant California condors (a kind of large bird) fly in the wild. Access: Open around the clock, the park’s East Side entrance is just off Airline Highway. The West Side entrance is on State Route 146, which is day-use only and is open from 7:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Visitor Centers: The East Pinnacles Visitor Center & Park Store doubles as the visitor center; open daily from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The West Pinnacles Visitor Contact Station is open daily from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. Entrance fees: $30 per vehicle, $25 per motorcycle, and $15 per person. 1. What can be learned about Pinnacles National Park? A. Its spires have changed their locations. B. It has been a national park since 1908. C. It is the earliest national park in California. D. Its name comes from recent volcanic activities. 2. What is a recommended activity for visitors to the park? A. Driving between its two parts. B. Hiking up a volcano. C. Staying in the caves for the night. D. Watching the local wild birds. 3. What might a couple entering the park at 9:00 p.m. by car have done? A. They paid 15 dollars in total for admission. B. They turned off Airline Highway for park entry. C. They got into it through the West Side entrance. D. They dropped into a visitor center before exploring. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了加利福尼亚州尖峰国家公园，介绍其名称由来、地质成因、发展历史、园区特色游览项目、出入口开放时间、游客中心以及入园收费标准等相关信息。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The name “Pinnacles” refers to the remains of a powerful volcanic eruption around 23 million years ago, south of the park in the Mojave Desert. Wind and water carved the unique landscape, and tectonic plate movement (板块运动) along the San Andreas Fault gradually moved the spires (尖顶) northward over the ages.(“尖峰”这个名字指的是约2300万年前在莫哈韦沙漠公园以南发生的一次强烈火山喷发的遗迹。风和流水雕琢出独特地貌，圣安德烈亚斯断层沿线的板块运动，在漫长岁月里将这些尖顶逐渐向北移动)”可知，尖峰国家公园的尖顶的位置发生了改变。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This park is also a great place to see giant California condors (a kind of large bird) fly in the wild.(这座公园也是观赏野生加州神鹫（一种大型鸟类）飞翔的绝佳地点)”可知，推荐游客观赏当地野生鸟类。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Access部分“Open around the clock, the park’s East Side entrance is just off Airline Highway. The West Side entrance is on State Route 146, which is day-use only and is open from 7:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.(东侧入口全天24小时开放，就在航空高速公路旁边。西侧入口位于146号州道，仅限日间使用，开放时间为上午7:30至晚上8:00)”可知，晚上9点西侧入口已经关闭，这对夫妻驾车只能从东侧入口进入，也就是从航空高速公路转入入园。 B Christopher Awdry is the son of Reverend Wilbert Awdry, creator of Thomas the Tank Engine. He says the famous series originated in Kings Norton. Back in 1942, Christopher fell ill with measles at his home there, only 183 metres from the local railway station. The doctor ordered him to stay in bed for three weeks and keep away from other people. With the aim of entertaining his sick son, Wilbert Awdry made up stories and drew pictures of locomotives (火车头). One locomotive design never appeared in any early story. Later, a toy model was built out of waste materials and presented to Christopher as a Christmas gift. Painted blue and marked with the number “1” on its side, this model was named Thomas by Christopher. As the Awdry family puts it, “the rest is history.” Still, Wilbert Awdry did not put these stories down on paper at first. Later, his wife could not find suitable children’s storybooks in Birmingham, so she asked him to write stories for their own kids. Through various family connections, Wilbert got in touch with a publisher in Leicestershire, who agreed to publish his works. The first books came out in 1945. Just three weeks after publication, the publisher contacted Wilbert, saying the books sold so well that a second edition had to be produced right away. The books enjoyed huge sales, and Wilbert was asked to create more stories, which he would test on his son. These works became the well-known Thomas the Tank Engine books, centred on his son’s little blue toy model. The stories have also proved a boon for the tourism industry in Staffordshire. In 2008, Thomas Land opened at Drayton Manor near Tamworth. Park staff report that millions of visitors have come to see Thomas and his friends ever since. 4. Why did Wilbert Awdry draw pictures of locomotives? A. To cheer up his son. B. To develop his son’s imagination. C. To become a published author. D. To popularize the local train station. 5. Where did the toy model get the name Thomas? A. From Wilbert. B. From a book publisher. C. From Christopher. D. From a locomotive designer. 6. What can be inferred about Wilbert Awdry’s first published books? A. They took the author a long time to write. B. They gained popularity in a very short time. C. They were based on true events in Birmingham. D. They were refused by several publishers at first. 7. What does the underlined word “boon” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Message. B. Challenge. C. Warning. D. Benefit. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了《托马斯小火车》系列故事的诞生与发展历程。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“With the aim of entertaining his sick son, Wilbert Awdry made up stories and drew pictures of locomotives (火车头).(为了让生病的儿子开心，Wilbert Awdry编了故事并画了火车头的图画。)”可知，Wilbert Awdry画火车头是为了让生病的儿子开心起来。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Painted blue and marked with the number “1” on its side, this model was named Thomas by Christopher.(这个模型被漆成蓝色，侧面标有数字“1”，由Christopher命名为Thomas。)”可知，玩具模型的名字Thomas是Christopher起的。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The first books came out in 1945. Just three weeks after publication, the publisher contacted Wilbert, saying the books sold so well that a second edition had to be produced right away.(第一批书于1945年问世。出版仅三周后，出版商就联系Wilbert，说书卖得非常好，必须立即重印第二版。)”可推知，他的首批书籍在很短时间内就大受欢迎。 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The stories have also proved a boon for the tourism industry in Staffordshire. In 2008, Thomas Land opened at Drayton Manor near Tamworth. Park staff report that millions of visitors have come to see Thomas and his friends ever since.(这些故事也被证明对斯塔福德郡的旅游业是一个boon。2008年，Thomas Land主题园区开放，此后数百万游客前来参观。)”可知，故事带动了旅游业、吸引大量游客，对旅游业是有利的，故猜测boon意为“益处”，与Benefit同义。 C When people need comfort food, many turn to a bowl of warm broth (肉汤). In the US, chicken noodle soup is popular. Italians enjoy pastina in brodo. Across Asia, families have rice porridges like congee. In Eastern Europe, borscht is a favorite. Broth appears in celebrations, times of illness, and everyday meals. It warms both body and soul. Historically, broth-making was about saving money and feeding families. People boiled tough meat to make it soft and tasty. Women often did this work, but their recipes (食谱) were rarely written down. French chefs later perfected clear soups like consommé. However, most broth knowledge stayed in home kitchens. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), broth has been used since the 2nd Century BC. The Huangdi Neijing recommends soup to balance yin and yang. Many Chinese families still cook bones with herbs like goji berries and ginseng. These soups are served before or after dinner for health. Chicken soup is especially linked to recovery. Koreans eat samgye-tang on hot summer days. Greeks enjoy avgolemono when sick. Mexicans make caldo de pollo with vegetables and chicken. Scientists are still studying broth’s benefits. Some research shows soup may reduce inflammation (炎症) and help to deal with cold symptoms. Bone broth contains collagen (胶原), but many health claims are overstated. Recently, bone broth has become a fashionable health product sold at high prices. Zoey Xinyi Gong, a TCM food therapist, was shocked when she saw small cups of broth sold for $10 in New York. She grew up drinking broth in China and never expected it to become so expensive. Broth is also part of celebrations. In Italy, families eat tortellini in brodo for Christmas. In Poland, Wigilia supper includes barszcz wigiljny, a beetroot soup with dumplings. In China, double-boiled soups with bird’s nest are served at banquets. In Japan, the new year begins with o-zōni, a soup made with mochi and dashi broth. Around the world, countless broth varieties exist. Each is shaped by local climate, culture, and history. Whether for survival, health, or celebration, someone is always tending the pot. 8. What can be learned about broth in history? A. It originated from French. B. The way to make it was seldom recorded. C. It required expensive materials. D. People primarily served it during celebrations. 9. Why is Zoey Xinyi Gong mentioned in the text? A. To stress the high cost of broth. B. To show the process of making Chinese broth. C. To introduce a classical soup recipe. D. To present the health benefits of broth. 10. What is the main purpose of paragraph 6? A. To compare different cooking methods. B. To explain which soup tastes best. C. To prove broth matters in festivals. D. To share where to enjoy best soups. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. The History of Chinese Herbal Soups B. Broth: A Creative Approach to Recovery C. Broth: A World of Tradition and Taste D. The Secret Behind the Rising Price of Broth 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍世界各地肉汤的文化、历史与作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Women often did this work, but their recipes (食谱) were rarely written down.(女性经常做这项工作，但她们的食谱却很少被记录下来。)”可知，历史上制作肉汤的方法很少被记录成文。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Recently, bone broth has become a fashionable health product sold at high prices. Zoey Xinyi Gong, a TCM food therapist, was shocked when she saw small cups of broth sold for $10 in New York.(最近，骨汤成为一种时尚的健康产品，售价高昂。中医食疗师Zoey Xinyi Gong在纽约看到一小杯肉汤卖10美元时感到震惊。)”可知，提到Zoey Xinyi Gong是为了强调如今肉汤价格之高，令人意外。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段首句“Broth is also part of celebrations.(肉汤也是庆祝活动的一部分。)”及随后列举的意大利圣诞节tortellini in brodo、波兰圣诞夜的 barszcz wigiljny、中国的宴席双炖汤、日本新年o-zōni等例子可知，本段旨在证明肉汤在节日/庆典中具有重要意义。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。综合全文，文章从世界各地不同的肉汤种类讲起，涵盖其历史起源、中医及各国健康用途、节庆传统等，说明肉汤融汇了各地气候、文化与历史，“Broth: A World of Tradition and Taste(肉汤：传统与风味的世界)”最能概括全文主旨。 D Erik Frank is a biologist. Much of his career has been spent collecting cases of ants treating one another’s wounds. Up to now, he has observed more than 24 ant species. Some Camponotus maculatus ants can amputate (截肢) injured body parts. Another species, Megaponera analis, will save injured partners from fighting places and then put antibacterial substances (抗菌物质) on their wounds. These treatments seem to work well. Camponotus is a kind of carpenter ant mostly found in Africa. If ants perform amputation within one hour after an upper leg injury, the ants’ chance of survival rises from 30% to 80%. The ants take preventive action: they cut off injured parts regardless of whether the wound is infected (感染) or how long ago the injury happened. If they wait until infection can be clearly seen, amputation will no longer help. Yet ants do more than cut off injured legs. Frank did research on Megaponera. This ant has a hard outer shell, so amputation is almost impossible for it. Frank found these ants carry injured partners back home and clean their wounds. They will keep checking on the wounded ants for eight or nine hours. When wounds get infected, the ants will apply antibacterial substances. This treatment more than doubles the injured ants’ chance to stay alive. Frank also found something in another ant species: workers with infected wounds would be forced out of the nest, while those with uninfected leg injuries would receive continuous wound care. Ants are good subjects for such research. They often get hurt. Their nests hold large numbers of ants and sit close to soil full of bacteria. Wounds can easily get infected there. Besides, as Frank points out, for ants living in large groups, it makes perfect sense to value one another’s health. All these activities show “social immunocompetence”. This means creatures use social actions to improve their ability to fight infection. Scientists have recorded many such ant behaviors: using natural medicine, cleaning each other, keeping social distance, burying dead ants and driving sick ants away. Human beings may gain something useful from Frank’s research. He has discovered 70 chemical substances including 20 proteins (蛋白质). They can kill bacteria and help wounds recover. Some of them may work against bacteria that can no longer be killed by common antibiotics. 12. What does the text say about the amputation? A. It can increase the survival rate. B. It mostly addresses injuries on lower legs. C. It relates to the seriousness of the injuries. D. It can only occur among Camponotus maculatus ants. 13. How do Megaponera analis ants deal with their injured nestmates? A. By forcing them out of the nest. B. By looking after them outside the nest. C. By cutting off their injured parts immediately. D. By putting antibacterial substances on their wounds. 14. What can we learn about social immunocompetence from paragraph 5? A. It is a feature only seen in ants. B. It is a recently discovered behavior. C. It keeps creatures away from injuries. D. It includes a variety of social activities. 15. What is the author’s attitude towards Dr Frank’s research? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Unclear. D. Uncaring. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了生物学家Erik Frank对蚂蚁救助受伤同伴的研究，介绍不同蚂蚁的截肢、伤口清洁、涂抹抗菌物质等救治行为，解释了“社会免疫能力”，并指出该研究成果对人类研发抗菌相关物质具有借鉴意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If ants perform amputation within one hour after an upper leg injury, the ants’ chance of survival rises from 30% to 80%.(如果蚂蚁在上腿部受伤后一小时内进行截肢，蚂蚁的存活概率会从30%提升至80%)”可知，截肢可以提高存活率。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Another species, Megaponera analis, will save injured partners from fighting places and then put antibacterial substances (抗菌物质) on their wounds.(另一种物种Megaponera analis会把受伤同伴从战场救回，然后在伤口上涂抹抗菌物质)”以及第三段“When wounds get infected, the ants will apply antibacterial substances.(当伤口感染时，这些蚂蚁会涂抹抗菌物质)”可知，Megaponera analis蚂蚁会在同伴伤口涂抹抗菌物质。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“This means creatures use social actions to improve their ability to fight infection. Scientists have recorded many such ant behaviors: using natural medicine, cleaning each other, keeping social distance, burying dead ants and driving sick ants away.(这指生物借助社会行为提升抗感染能力。科学家已经记录大量这类蚂蚁行为：使用天然药物、互相清洁、保持社交距离、掩埋死蚁、驱赶病蚁)”可知，社会免疫能力包含多种社会活动。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Human beings may gain something useful from Frank’s research. He has discovered 70 chemical substances including 20 proteins (蛋白质). They can kill bacteria and help wounds recover. Some of them may work against bacteria that can no longer be killed by common antibiotics.(人类或许可以从Frank的研究中获得有用启发。他发现70种化学物质，其中包含20种蛋白质，它们可以杀菌、促进伤口愈合，其中部分物质可以对抗普通抗生素已经无法杀灭的细菌)”可知，作者认可这项研究的价值，持支持态度。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Stay Safe Around Wild Animals Summer is the busiest season for national parks, and the chance of meeting wildlife increases. Many people only worry about bears and bison. Of course, larger animals can do more damage. ____16____ Between 2018 and 2023, over 1,600 people in the US died from animal encounters, mostly from dogs and farm animals, followed by stinging insects like bees and wasps. Here are some basic rules to stay safe. ____17____ If your action causes an animal to react, you are too close. If you can take a selfie (自拍照) with wildlife, you are definitely too close. In general, remain at least a hundred yards away from large animals like bears, wolves, and cats. For other wildlife, 25 yards is usually a good distance. Do research before entering an unfamiliar area. ____18____ For instance, American crocodiles can be found from South Carolina to Florida to Texas and they have been known to kill humans from time to time. Large plant-eaters can be deadly too. In Alaska, more people are hurt by moose than by bears each year. Never feed wild animals. When animals connect humans with food, it creates danger for both sides. Black bears have a good sense of smell, and will easily track down any human food that’s left out or improperly stored. Animals used to eating human food sometimes have to be trapped, moved, or killed by wildlife managers because of the threat they can bring to humans. ____19____ Finally, remember that seeing wildlife is a privilege (殊荣) that comes with responsibility. ____20____ We all need to do our part to make sure that they are safe so that others can enjoy them as well. A. This great gift calls for our respect and self-control. B. However, even small animals can be dangerous. C. Animals won’t be easily affected by those behaviors. D. The most important is to give wildlife a lot of room. E. It’s impossible to enjoy wildlife without dangerous encounters. F. It’s important to know what animals live in the places you visit. G. This is why those in the know say “A fed bear is a dead bear.” 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了在国家公园与野生动物接触时保持安全的基本规则：与野生动物保持距离、进入陌生区域前做研究、不要投喂野生动物、尊重野生动物。 【16题详解】 由上文“Many people only worry about bears and bison. Of course, larger animals can do more damage. (许多人只担心熊和野牛。当然，大型动物能造成更多伤害。)”以及下文“Between 2018 and 2023, over 1,600 people in the US died from animal encounters, mostly from dogs and farm animals, followed by stinging insects like bees and wasps. (2018年至2023年间，美国有超过1,600人死于遭遇动物，主要来自狗和农场动物，其次是蜜蜂和黄蜂等蜇人昆虫。)”可知，本空要说即使是小动物也可能很危险，B选项“However, even small animals can be dangerous. (然而，即使是小动物也可能很危险。)”能承上启下。 【17题详解】 由下文“If your action causes an animal to react, you are too close. If you can take a selfie (自拍照) with wildlife, you are definitely too close. In general, remain at least a hundred yards away from large animals like bears, wolves, and cats. For other wildlife, 25 yards is usually a good distance. (如果你的行为引起动物反应，你就太近了。如果你能跟野生动物自拍，你肯定太近了。一般来说，与熊、狼和猫等大型动物保持至少一百码的距离。对于其他野生动物，25码通常是合适的距离。)”可知，本段主要讲给野生动物留出足够的空间，D选项“The most important is to give wildlife a lot of room. (最重要的是给野生动物留出足够的空间。)”能引出下文。 【18题详解】 由上文“Do research before entering an unfamiliar area. (进入陌生区域前做研究。)”以及下文“For instance, American crocodiles can be found from South Carolina to Florida to Texas and they have been known to kill humans from time to time. (例如，从南卡罗来纳州到佛罗里达州再到得克萨斯州都能找到美洲鳄，而且人们知道它们偶尔会袭击致死人类。)”可知，本空要说了解你访问的地方有什么动物很重要，F选项“It’s important to know what animals live in the places you visit. (了解你访问的地方生活着什么动物很重要。)”能承上启下。 【19题详解】 由上文“Animals used to eating human food sometimes have to be trapped, moved, or killed by wildlife managers because of the threat they can bring to humans. (习惯吃人类食物的动物有时不得不被野生动物管理人员捕捉、转移或杀死，因为它们可能对人类构成威胁。)”可知，本空应对上文进行总结，G选项“This is why those in the know say “A fed bear is a dead bear.” (这就是为什么内行说“被投喂的熊就是死熊”。)”符合题意。 【20题详解】 由上文“Finally, remember that seeing wildlife is a privilege (殊荣) that comes with responsibility. (最后，记住看到野生动物是一种伴随着责任的殊荣。)”以及下文“We all need to do our part to make sure that they are safe so that others can enjoy them as well. (我们都需要尽自己的一份力来确保它们的安全，以便其他人也能欣赏它们。)”可知，观看动物需要我们的尊重和自控，A选项“This great gift calls for our respect and self-control. (这份伟大的礼物需要我们的尊重和自控。)”能承上启下。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 One year, I took on a cross-country bicycle journey across America. At first, I camped in state parks. However, after crossing the Rocky Mountains, public parks grew increasingly ____21____. As a result, I began to camp on people’s grass. I gradually ____22____ a fixed routine (惯例). As night approached, I carefully ____23____ houses with a tidy and large yard along the way. Once I chose a perfect spot, I rang the doorbell. “Hello,” I would ____24____ them. “I’m traveling across America by bike. I’d like to camp in some place tonight so that I can have a ____25____. Would it be alright if I set up my tent in your backyard?” I was never ____26____ by anyone. In fact, every warm family offered more than ____27____. Most people found it ____28____ to simply relax in their house while a traveler camped in their yard. Therefore, I was often ____29____ inside for sweet desserts and casual chats. My ____30____ in those moments was quite clear. I would ____31____ my adventures and bring them a sense of excitement they secretly longed for but would never ____32____ themselves. Through my stories, they could ____33____ enjoy the magic of a cross-country bicycle journey. ____34____, I got a safe place to camp and often a bowl of delicious ice cream. It was a sweet ____35____ filled with warmth and kindness and that benefited both of us. 21. A. rare B. popular C. similar D. familiar 22. A. recorded B. changed C. formed D. ignored 23. A. designed B. repaired C. recommended D. selected 24. A. encourage B. welcome C. greet D. remind 25. A. walk B. shelter C. preference D. debate 26. A. referred to B. taken over C. brought in D. turned away 27. A. permission B. forgiveness C. fairness D. appreciation 28. A. proper B. traditional C. impossible D. common 29. A. forced B. stopped C. invited D. watched 30. A. dream B. role C. rule D. challenge 31. A. relate B. simplify C. post D. correct 32. A. miss B. teach C. admit D. experience 33. A. bravely B. indirectly C. independently D. proudly 34. A. In exchange B. Above all C. On time D. By mistake 35. A. lecture B. experiment C. task D. deal 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者骑行横穿美国借宿民众庭院的温暖经历。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，在翻越落基山脉之后，公立公园变得越来越稀少了。A. rare稀少的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. similar相似的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“At first, I camped in state parks”和后文“As a result, I began to camp on people’s grass”可知，作者起初在州立公园露营，后文描述开始在居民家的草地上露营，说明沿途的公立公园越来越少，难以找到。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：我逐渐形成了一套固定的惯例。A. recorded记录；B. changed改变；C. formed形成；D. ignored忽视。根据后文“a fixed routine (惯例). As night approached, I carefully ______ houses with a tidy and large yard along the way”可知，后文作者描述自己每到傍晚的固定操作流程，可知他慢慢摸索出并形成了专属的露营惯例。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：夜幕降临时，我会沿途仔细挑选那些院子整洁又宽敞的房子。A. designed设计；B. repaired修理；C. recommended推荐；D. selected挑选。根据后文“houses with a tidy and large yard along the way”可知，作者要寻找合适的露营地点，自然是要沿途筛选符合条件的住户。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：“你好，”我会这样问候他们。A. encourage鼓励；B. welcome欢迎；C. greet问候；D. remind提醒。根据前文“Once I chose a perfect spot, I rang the doorbell”和“Hello”可知，作者上门拜访，开口的第一句话是礼貌的问候语。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：我今晚想找个地方露营，这样我能有一处容身之所。A. walk散步；B. shelter庇护所、容身处；C. preference偏好；D. debate辩论。根据前文“I’d like to camp in some place tonight so that I can have a”可知，作者骑行在外露营，本质是想找一处能落脚过夜的庇护空间。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我从来没有被任何人拒之门外。A. referred to提及；B. taken over接管；C. brought in引进；D. turned away拒绝、拒之门外。根据前文“Would it be alright if I set up my tent in your backyard?”和“I was never”、后文“Most people found it ______ to simply relax in their house while a traveler camped in their yard. Therefore, I was often ______ inside for sweet desserts and casual chats”可知，根据后文描述作者被热情招待，说明没有人家拒绝作者的请求。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：事实上，每一户热情的家庭给予的都远不止许可。A. permission许可；B. forgiveness原谅；C. fairness公平；D. appreciation欣赏。根据后文“I was often ______ inside for sweet desserts and casual chats”可知，作者原本只是想获得在院子里搭帐篷的许可，而住户们给出的善意远超过这个基础请求。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：大多数人觉得，当一个旅行者在他们的院子里露营时，自己只在屋子里休息是不可能的。A. proper合适的；B. traditional传统的；C. impossible不可能的；D. common普通的。根据后文“I was often ______ inside for sweet desserts and casual chats”可知，作者经常被邀请进屋吃甜点聊天，说明房主不可能做到自己在屋里休息而不招待旅行者。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，我经常被邀请进屋享用甜点，随意闲聊。A. forced强迫；B. stopped阻止；C. invited邀请；D. watched注视。根据后文“inside for sweet desserts and casual chats”可知，住户们出于善意，主动邀请作者进屋做客。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：在那些时刻，我的角色定位十分清晰。A. dream梦想；B. role角色；C. rule规则；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“I would ______ my adventures and bring them a sense of excitement they secretly longed for but would never ______ themselves”可知，后文作者描述自己要做的事，正是他在这段互动里承担的身份角色。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：我会给他们讲述我的冒险经历，给他们带去一份他们暗自向往却永远不会亲自去体验的刺激感。A. relate讲述、叙述；B. simplify简化；C. post发布；D. correct纠正。根据后文“my adventures and bring them a sense of excitement they secretly longed for”可知，作者和住户闲聊时，会把自己沿途的冒险故事分享、讲述给他们听。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：我会给他们讲述我的冒险经历，给他们带去一份他们暗自向往却永远不会亲自去体验的刺激感。A. miss错过；B. teach教授；C. admit承认；D. experience体验。根据前文“my adventures and bring them a sense of excitement they secretly longed for but would never”和后文“themselves”可知，这些居家的住户们不会亲自踏上横穿美国的骑行旅途，自然无法亲身体验这份冒险的刺激。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意：通过我的故事，他们可以间接地享受到横穿美国自行车之旅的奇妙之处。A. bravely勇敢地；B. indirectly间接地；C. independently独立地；D. proudly骄傲地。根据前文“bring them a sense of excitement they secretly longed for but would never ________ themselves”可知，住户们不能亲自骑行，只是通过作者的故事间接感受旅途的魅力。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：作为交换，我得到了一处安全的露营地，还常常能吃到一碗美味的冰淇淋。A. In exchange作为交换；B. Above all最重要的是；C. On time准时；D. By mistake错误地。根据后文“I got a safe place to camp and often a bowl of delicious ice cream”可知，作者分享旅途故事，住户提供露营场地和食物，这是一场双向的善意交换。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是一场充满温暖与善意的甜蜜约定，让我们双方都有所收获。A. lecture讲座；B. experiment实验；C. task任务；D. deal约定、交易。根据前文“Through my stories, they could ______ enjoy the magic of a cross-country bicycle journey. ______, I got a safe place to camp and often a bowl of delicious ice cream. It was a sweet”可知，作者和住户之间达成的双向善意互动，是一场让双方都受益的温暖默契。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing’s hutongs are the soul of the city. Hutong refers to the narrow traditional alleyways that crisscross (贯穿) old Beijing. The term is believed to originate from the Mongolian word “hottog”, ____36____ means “water well”, because settlements ____37____ (take) shape around wells during the Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368). These alleyways link siheyuan, or traditional courtyard homes, where different ____38____ (generation) of one family live around a shared central yard. A typical siheyuan features rooms on all four sides, ____39____ the main building facing south and the entrance located in the southeast corner. At their height in the Qing Dynasty, more than 6,000 hutongs existed in Beijing, ____40____ (form) a network surrounding the Forbidden City. Today, about 1,000 to 2,000 hutongs still exist, ____41____ (main) located in Dongcheng and Xicheng Districts to the north and south of the former imperial palace. They are gaining increasing protection as cultural heritage sites. They also attract large numbers of tourists eager ____42____ (experience) Beijing beyond its well-known postcard images. Each hutong was once a self-contained micro-community. Neighbors shared public wells, gathered at local corner stores ____43____ celebrated traditional festivals together. Even today, this warm communal spirit can still be felt. On any ____44____ (give) afternoon, you may spot neighbors chatting at doorsteps, playing mahjong at foldable tables and keeping ____45____ eye on one another’s children. 【答案】36. which 37. took 38. generations 39. with 40. forming 41. mainly 42. to experience 43. and 44. given 45. an 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍北京胡同名称起源、四合院布局、发展变迁以及胡同承载的邻里文化。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这个词被认为源自蒙古语“hottog”，意思是“水井”，因为元朝（1271—1368）时期聚居点是围绕水井形成的。“______ means “water well””为非限制性定语从句，先行词是hottog，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导该从句。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这个词被认为源自蒙古语“hottog”，意思是“水井”，因为元朝（1271—1368）时期聚居点是围绕水井形成的。根据时间状语during the Yuan Dynasty可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，take的过去式为took。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这些小巷连接着四合院，也就是传统的院落住宅，一家人的不同代际成员住在同一个中心院子周围。different后接可数名词复数，generation“一代人”的复数形式为generations。 【39题详解】 考查with的复合结构。句意：典型的四合院四面都有房屋，主房朝南，入口设在东南角。此处是“with+宾语+现在分词/过去分词”复合结构作伴随状语。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在清代鼎盛时期，北京有六千多条胡同，形成了环绕紫禁城的路网。句子谓语动词是existed，空格处填入非谓语动词，form“形成”与其逻辑主语more than 6,000 hutongs是主动关系，用现在分词forming作结果状语。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：如今，大约一千至两千条胡同仍然留存，主要分布在故宫南北两侧的东城区和西城区。本空修饰过去分词located，作状语，用副词mainly“主要地”。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也吸引大量游客，渴望感受知名的明信片画面之外的北京。固定搭配be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”，本空用不定式to experience。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：邻居共用公用水井，在街边小店相聚，还一起庆祝传统节日。shared，gathered和celebrated是并列谓语，表顺承，用and连接。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在任意一个特定的下午，你都可能看见邻居在门口闲聊。本空作定语，修饰afternoon，用形容词given“特定的，指定的”。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：你都可能看见邻居在门口闲聊，在折叠桌上打麻将，互相照看孩子。固定搭配keep an eye on，意为“照看，留意”，eye以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校要求学生每日综合体育活动时间不少于2小时的制度已实施数月。请你写篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括： （1）制度带来的变化（结合你的亲身经历）； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Sport-filled Life Brings Us Growth ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: A Sport-filled Life Brings Us Growth Several months have passed since our school carried out the rule that students should spend no less than two hours on comprehensive physical exercise every day. Before the rule, most of us were buried in schoolwork. We seldom took exercise, and many of us often felt tired. Great changes have taken place since the application of the rule. I am far more energetic and less stressed. Exercise helps me stay focused when I study. As far as I’m concerned, sports do good to both our body and mind. We should keep exercising as part of our daily life. 【解析】 【导语】要求考生介绍学校每日体育活动不少于两小时制度带来的变化及个人感想。 【详解】1.词汇积累 实施：carry out → implement 全神贯注于：be buried in → be absorbed in 精力充沛的：energetic → vigorous 专注的：focused → concentrated 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We seldom took exercise, and many of us often felt tired. 拓展句：Because we seldom took exercise, many of us often felt tired. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Several months have passed since our school carried out the rule that students should spend no less than two hours on comprehensive physical exercise every day.(运用了since引导的时间状语从句和that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】Exercise helps me stay focused when I study.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Katrina Blancaflor had worked as a cook in restaurants for years, but recently she decided to open a home bakery. She planned to name it K’s Bakestand. Her husband spent weeks building a wooden stand with a metal roof and two shelves, so she could sell bread from their driveway in Cumberland, Rhode Island. Blancaflor planned to open her stand on July 4, when a town foot race would pass by their house. She set up the stand out on the afternoon of July 3, hoping for good visibility. Her 9-year-old daughter, Kalia, had also made many little soft toys to sell there, excited about her first craft sale. But on the morning of July 4, Blancaflor woke up to find the 3-by-6-foot stand gone. She and her family could not believe it. She reported the case to the police and shared the news on Facebook, asking neighbors to check their security cameras. She added that if someone had taken it by mistake, she hoped they would return it so she could open as planned. The post spread quickly. Several neighbors sent videos showing someone loaded the stand onto a vehicle at around 2:00 a.m. and drove away. A local newspaper reported the case, and many people showed their support. Blancaflor felt heartbroken, but the community’s warmth gave her hope. John Adams, who runs a local construction company with his son Casey, saw the post and felt sad. Although they had never met Blancaflor, they decided to rebuild the stand. They contacted Blancaflor on Facebook with their offer. She was surprised and unsure at first, since she did not know them. She waited two more weeks, hoping her stand would be found, but when it was not, she accepted their help. Using Blancaflor’s husband’s original sketches and measurements, the father and the son spent 12 hours rebuilding the stand, even using the same style of orange wheels. They delivered it on July 25. Blancaflor was amazed at how similar it was to the original. The Adamses refused to take any money for their work or materials. The only payment they accepted was bread. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 K’s Bakestand officially opened on August 8. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Later that week, Blancaflor visited the Adamses. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: K’s Bakestand officially opened on August 8. Blancaflor placed her freshly-baked bread on the shelves, her heart pounding with a mix of nervousness and anticipation. To her delight, neighbors and even strangers who had read her story lined up before noon, buying almost everything within hours. Her daughter Kalia proudly displayed her soft toys beside the bread, and several children happily bought and took them home. That evening, Blancaflor counted the earnings and smiled — not just for the money, but for the kindness the community had shown. Later that week, Blancaflor visited the Adamses. She brought a basket of bread along with a small gift from Kalia. John Adams patted the bread and laughed, “We told you — bread is enough.” But Blancaflor insisted, “Every week, forever.” As she drove away, she recalled John’s words on her departure: “Just pass on the kindness.” The next morning, she posted on Facebook: “If anyone in our town needs help — a meal, a ride, or just someone to listen — my stand will serve as a message board. Let’s keep the chain of love going.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以Blancaflor的家庭烘焙摊被盗后获社区帮助重建为线索展开，讲述了Blancaflor计划开设名为K’s Bakestand的家庭烘焙摊，丈夫亲手搭建木架，女儿制作软玩具准备售卖，但开业前夜摊位被盗；她报警并在Facebook求助，邻居提供监控录像，当地报纸报道此事；从未谋面的Adams父子主动联系重建摊位，拒绝收钱只接受面包作为回报的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可以写烘焙摊正式开业，Blancaflor紧张又期待，邻居和陌生人排队购买，女儿玩具也大受欢迎，当晚数着收入微笑，感动于社区的善意。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可以写Blancaflor拜访Adams一家带去面包和礼物，坚持每周回报，想起“传递善意”的嘱托，在Facebook发帖将摊位作为社区互助信息板，让爱延续。 2. 续写线索：计划开业——摊位被盗——社区援助——Adams重建——正式开业——生意兴隆——登门致谢——传递善意 3. 词汇激活 行为类： ①购买：buy/purchase ②展示：display/show/exhibit 情绪类： ①紧张：nervousness/tension ②开心地：happily/cheerfully/joyfully 【点睛】【高分句型1】Blancaflor placed her freshly-baked bread on the shelves, her heart pounding with a mix of nervousness and anticipation. (运用了独立主格结构作状语) 【高分句型2】To her delight, neighbors and even strangers who had read her story lined up before noon, buying almost everything within hours. (运用了who引导的定语从句及现在分词短语作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二10月阶段性检测 英语 注意事项： 1．答题前，务必将自己的个人信息填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What is the woman probably? A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A doctor. 2. What does the man probably think of the new play? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Strange. 3. When will the speakers see the film? A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. This Thursday. 4. Why does the woman make the call? A. To find an apartment. B. To buy some items. C. To ask for some information. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Emily’s love for funny operas. B. Emily’s favorite stories. C. Their views on operas. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. How did the woman reach the meeting place? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Neighbors. C. Guide and visitor. 听第7段录音,回答第8至10题。 8. What do the speakers plan to do this Saturday? A. Eat out. B. Go climbing. C. Do some shopping. 9. Why did Emma want to stay at home at first? A. To spend time with a friend. B. To finish her homework. C. To play video games. 10. What will Emma do next? A. Watch a movie. B. Refuse Carol’s invitation. C. Make a phone call. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the woman’s problem? A. She is tired of her phone. B. She often forgets to check messages. C. She has trouble focusing on her work. 12. Why does the man make hourly goals? A. To make full use of time. B. To spare time for sports. C. To keep mentally healthy. 13. How often does the man suggest taking a break? A. Every 10 minutes. B. Every 15 minutes. C. Every 50 minutes. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. How does the man find the end of the book? A. It’s exciting. B. It’s humorous. C. It’s disappointing. 15. Where did the man get the book? A. On a train. B. In a bookstore. C. In a library. 16. What does the man promise to do? A. Read the book again. B. Bring the book to the woman. C. Recommend the book to others. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What was the group’s first stop in Melbourne? A. Town Hall. B. Eureka Tower. C. Chinatown. 18. Where did the group meet a famous writer? A. At the State Library. B. In the Botanical Gardens. C. On Swanton Street. 19. How long does the group’s trip last? A. Less than two days. B. About three days. C. Over four days. 20. What is the speaker probably? A. A student. B. A parent. C. A teacher. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Located in California’s Coast Range, Pinnacles National Park is the state’s smallest national park and one of its most fascinating national parks from a geological perspective. The name “Pinnacles” refers to the remains of a powerful volcanic eruption around 23 million years ago, south of the park in the Mojave Desert. Wind and water carved the unique landscape, and tectonic plate movement (板块运动) along the San Andreas Fault gradually moved the spires (尖顶) northward over the ages. Pinnacles received government protection in 1908 as one of the nation’s earliest national historical sites and was upgraded to a national park in 2013. The park is divided into east and west parts, with rugged, roadless areas reachable only on foot. The main activities are hiking through the twisted landscape and exploring several stone caves (洞), or rocky spaces and tunnels formed by large rocks piled up together. This park is also a great place to see giant California condors (a kind of large bird) fly in the wild. Access: Open around the clock, the park’s East Side entrance is just off Airline Highway. The West Side entrance is on State Route 146, which is day-use only and is open from 7:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Visitor Centers: The East Pinnacles Visitor Center & Park Store doubles as the visitor center; open daily from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The West Pinnacles Visitor Contact Station is open daily from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. Entrance fees: $30 per vehicle, $25 per motorcycle, and $15 per person. 1. What can be learned about Pinnacles National Park? A. Its spires have changed their locations. B. It has been a national park since 1908. C. It is the earliest national park in California. D. Its name comes from recent volcanic activities. 2. What is a recommended activity for visitors to the park? A. Driving between its two parts. B. Hiking up a volcano. C. Staying in the caves for the night. D. Watching the local wild birds. 3. What might a couple entering the park at 9:00 p.m. by car have done? A. They paid 15 dollars in total for admission. B. They turned off Airline Highway for park entry. C. They got into it through the West Side entrance. D. They dropped into a visitor center before exploring. B Christopher Awdry is the son of Reverend Wilbert Awdry, creator of Thomas the Tank Engine. He says the famous series originated in Kings Norton. Back in 1942, Christopher fell ill with measles at his home there, only 183 metres from the local railway station. The doctor ordered him to stay in bed for three weeks and keep away from other people. With the aim of entertaining his sick son, Wilbert Awdry made up stories and drew pictures of locomotives (火车头). One locomotive design never appeared in any early story. Later, a toy model was built out of waste materials and presented to Christopher as a Christmas gift. Painted blue and marked with the number “1” on its side, this model was named Thomas by Christopher. As the Awdry family puts it, “the rest is history.” Still, Wilbert Awdry did not put these stories down on paper at first. Later, his wife could not find suitable children’s storybooks in Birmingham, so she asked him to write stories for their own kids. Through various family connections, Wilbert got in touch with a publisher in Leicestershire, who agreed to publish his works. The first books came out in 1945. Just three weeks after publication, the publisher contacted Wilbert, saying the books sold so well that a second edition had to be produced right away. The books enjoyed huge sales, and Wilbert was asked to create more stories, which he would test on his son. These works became the well-known Thomas the Tank Engine books, centred on his son’s little blue toy model. The stories have also proved a boon for the tourism industry in Staffordshire. In 2008, Thomas Land opened at Drayton Manor near Tamworth. Park staff report that millions of visitors have come to see Thomas and his friends ever since. 4. Why did Wilbert Awdry draw pictures of locomotives? A. To cheer up his son. B. To develop his son’s imagination. C. To become a published author. D. To popularize the local train station. 5. Where did the toy model get the name Thomas? A. From Wilbert. B. From a book publisher. C. From Christopher. D. From a locomotive designer. 6. What can be inferred about Wilbert Awdry’s first published books? A. They took the author a long time to write. B. They gained popularity in a very short time. C. They were based on true events in Birmingham. D. They were refused by several publishers at first. 7. What does the underlined word “boon” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Message. B. Challenge. C. Warning. D. Benefit. C When people need comfort food, many turn to a bowl of warm broth (肉汤). In the US, chicken noodle soup is popular. Italians enjoy pastina in brodo. Across Asia, families have rice porridges like congee. In Eastern Europe, borscht is a favorite. Broth appears in celebrations, times of illness, and everyday meals. It warms both body and soul. Historically, broth-making was about saving money and feeding families. People boiled tough meat to make it soft and tasty. Women often did this work, but their recipes (食谱) were rarely written down. French chefs later perfected clear soups like consommé. However, most broth knowledge stayed in home kitchens. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), broth has been used since the 2nd Century BC. The Huangdi Neijing recommends soup to balance yin and yang. Many Chinese families still cook bones with herbs like goji berries and ginseng. These soups are served before or after dinner for health. Chicken soup is especially linked to recovery. Koreans eat samgye-tang on hot summer days. Greeks enjoy avgolemono when sick. Mexicans make caldo de pollo with vegetables and chicken. Scientists are still studying broth’s benefits. Some research shows soup may reduce inflammation (炎症) and help to deal with cold symptoms. Bone broth contains collagen (胶原), but many health claims are overstated. Recently, bone broth has become a fashionable health product sold at high prices. Zoey Xinyi Gong, a TCM food therapist, was shocked when she saw small cups of broth sold for $10 in New York. She grew up drinking broth in China and never expected it to become so expensive. Broth is also part of celebrations. In Italy, families eat tortellini in brodo for Christmas. In Poland, Wigilia supper includes barszcz wigiljny, a beetroot soup with dumplings. In China, double-boiled soups with bird’s nest are served at banquets. In Japan, the new year begins with o-zōni, a soup made with mochi and dashi broth. Around the world, countless broth varieties exist. Each is shaped by local climate, culture, and history. Whether for survival, health, or celebration, someone is always tending the pot. 8. What can be learned about broth in history? A. It originated from French. B. The way to make it was seldom recorded. C. It required expensive materials. D. People primarily served it during celebrations. 9. Why is Zoey Xinyi Gong mentioned in the text? A. To stress the high cost of broth. B. To show the process of making Chinese broth. C. To introduce a classical soup recipe. D. To present the health benefits of broth. 10. What is the main purpose of paragraph 6? A. To compare different cooking methods. B. To explain which soup tastes best. C. To prove broth matters in festivals. D. To share where to enjoy best soups. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. The History of Chinese Herbal Soups B. Broth: A Creative Approach to Recovery C. Broth: A World of Tradition and Taste D. The Secret Behind the Rising Price of Broth D Erik Frank is a biologist. Much of his career has been spent collecting cases of ants treating one another’s wounds. Up to now, he has observed more than 24 ant species. Some Camponotus maculatus ants can amputate (截肢) injured body parts. Another species, Megaponera analis, will save injured partners from fighting places and then put antibacterial substances (抗菌物质) on their wounds. These treatments seem to work well. Camponotus is a kind of carpenter ant mostly found in Africa. If ants perform amputation within one hour after an upper leg injury, the ants’ chance of survival rises from 30% to 80%. The ants take preventive action: they cut off injured parts regardless of whether the wound is infected (感染) or how long ago the injury happened. If they wait until infection can be clearly seen, amputation will no longer help. Yet ants do more than cut off injured legs. Frank did research on Megaponera. This ant has a hard outer shell, so amputation is almost impossible for it. Frank found these ants carry injured partners back home and clean their wounds. They will keep checking on the wounded ants for eight or nine hours. When wounds get infected, the ants will apply antibacterial substances. This treatment more than doubles the injured ants’ chance to stay alive. Frank also found something in another ant species: workers with infected wounds would be forced out of the nest, while those with uninfected leg injuries would receive continuous wound care. Ants are good subjects for such research. They often get hurt. Their nests hold large numbers of ants and sit close to soil full of bacteria. Wounds can easily get infected there. Besides, as Frank points out, for ants living in large groups, it makes perfect sense to value one another’s health. All these activities show “social immunocompetence”. This means creatures use social actions to improve their ability to fight infection. Scientists have recorded many such ant behaviors: using natural medicine, cleaning each other, keeping social distance, burying dead ants and driving sick ants away. Human beings may gain something useful from Frank’s research. He has discovered 70 chemical substances including 20 proteins (蛋白质). They can kill bacteria and help wounds recover. Some of them may work against bacteria that can no longer be killed by common antibiotics. 12. What does the text say about the amputation? A. It can increase the survival rate. B. It mostly addresses injuries on lower legs. C. It relates to the seriousness of the injuries. D. It can only occur among Camponotus maculatus ants. 13. How do Megaponera analis ants deal with their injured nestmates? A. By forcing them out of the nest. B. By looking after them outside the nest. C. By cutting off their injured parts immediately. D. By putting antibacterial substances on their wounds. 14. What can we learn about social immunocompetence from paragraph 5? A. It is a feature only seen in ants. B. It is a recently discovered behavior. C. It keeps creatures away from injuries. D. It includes a variety of social activities. 15. What is the author’s attitude towards Dr Frank’s research? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Unclear. D. Uncaring. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Stay Safe Around Wild Animals Summer is the busiest season for national parks, and the chance of meeting wildlife increases. Many people only worry about bears and bison. Of course, larger animals can do more damage. ____16____ Between 2018 and 2023, over 1,600 people in the US died from animal encounters, mostly from dogs and farm animals, followed by stinging insects like bees and wasps. Here are some basic rules to stay safe. ____17____ If your action causes an animal to react, you are too close. If you can take a selfie (自拍照) with wildlife, you are definitely too close. In general, remain at least a hundred yards away from large animals like bears, wolves, and cats. For other wildlife, 25 yards is usually a good distance. Do research before entering an unfamiliar area. ____18____ For instance, American crocodiles can be found from South Carolina to Florida to Texas and they have been known to kill humans from time to time. Large plant-eaters can be deadly too. In Alaska, more people are hurt by moose than by bears each year. Never feed wild animals. When animals connect humans with food, it creates danger for both sides. Black bears have a good sense of smell, and will easily track down any human food that’s left out or improperly stored. Animals used to eating human food sometimes have to be trapped, moved, or killed by wildlife managers because of the threat they can bring to humans. ____19____ Finally, remember that seeing wildlife is a privilege (殊荣) that comes with responsibility. ____20____ We all need to do our part to make sure that they are safe so that others can enjoy them as well. A. This great gift calls for our respect and self-control. B. However, even small animals can be dangerous. C. Animals won’t be easily affected by those behaviors. D. The most important is to give wildlife a lot of room. E. It’s impossible to enjoy wildlife without dangerous encounters. F. It’s important to know what animals live in the places you visit. G. This is why those in the know say “A fed bear is a dead bear.” 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 One year, I took on a cross-country bicycle journey across America. At first, I camped in state parks. However, after crossing the Rocky Mountains, public parks grew increasingly ____21____. As a result, I began to camp on people’s grass. I gradually ____22____ a fixed routine (惯例). As night approached, I carefully ____23____ houses with a tidy and large yard along the way. Once I chose a perfect spot, I rang the doorbell. “Hello,” I would ____24____ them. “I’m traveling across America by bike. I’d like to camp in some place tonight so that I can have a ____25____. Would it be alright if I set up my tent in your backyard?” I was never ____26____ by anyone. In fact, every warm family offered more than ____27____. Most people found it ____28____ to simply relax in their house while a traveler camped in their yard. Therefore, I was often ____29____ inside for sweet desserts and casual chats. My ____30____ in those moments was quite clear. I would ____31____ my adventures and bring them a sense of excitement they secretly longed for but would never ____32____ themselves. Through my stories, they could ____33____ enjoy the magic of a cross-country bicycle journey. ____34____, I got a safe place to camp and often a bowl of delicious ice cream. It was a sweet ____35____ filled with warmth and kindness and that benefited both of us. 21. A. rare B. popular C. similar D. familiar 22. A. recorded B. changed C. formed D. ignored 23. A. designed B. repaired C. recommended D. selected 24. A. encourage B. welcome C. greet D. remind 25. A. walk B. shelter C. preference D. debate 26. A. referred to B. taken over C. brought in D. turned away 27. A. permission B. forgiveness C. fairness D. appreciation 28. A. proper B. traditional C. impossible D. common 29. A. forced B. stopped C. invited D. watched 30. A. dream B. role C. rule D. challenge 31. A. relate B. simplify C. post D. correct 32. A. miss B. teach C. admit D. experience 33. A. bravely B. indirectly C. independently D. proudly 34. A. In exchange B. Above all C. On time D. By mistake 35. A. lecture B. experiment C. task D. deal 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing’s hutongs are the soul of the city. Hutong refers to the narrow traditional alleyways that crisscross (贯穿) old Beijing. The term is believed to originate from the Mongolian word “hottog”, ____36____ means “water well”, because settlements ____37____ (take) shape around wells during the Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368). These alleyways link siheyuan, or traditional courtyard homes, where different ____38____ (generation) of one family live around a shared central yard. A typical siheyuan features rooms on all four sides, ____39____ the main building facing south and the entrance located in the southeast corner. At their height in the Qing Dynasty, more than 6,000 hutongs existed in Beijing, ____40____ (form) a network surrounding the Forbidden City. Today, about 1,000 to 2,000 hutongs still exist, ____41____ (main) located in Dongcheng and Xicheng Districts to the north and south of the former imperial palace. They are gaining increasing protection as cultural heritage sites. They also attract large numbers of tourists eager ____42____ (experience) Beijing beyond its well-known postcard images. Each hutong was once a self-contained micro-community. Neighbors shared public wells, gathered at local corner stores ____43____ celebrated traditional festivals together. Even today, this warm communal spirit can still be felt. On any ____44____ (give) afternoon, you may spot neighbors chatting at doorsteps, playing mahjong at foldable tables and keeping ____45____ eye on one another’s children. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校要求学生每日综合体育活动时间不少于2小时的制度已实施数月。请你写篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括： （1）制度带来的变化（结合你的亲身经历）； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Sport-filled Life Brings Us Growth ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Katrina Blancaflor had worked as a cook in restaurants for years, but recently she decided to open a home bakery. She planned to name it K’s Bakestand. Her husband spent weeks building a wooden stand with a metal roof and two shelves, so she could sell bread from their driveway in Cumberland, Rhode Island. Blancaflor planned to open her stand on July 4, when a town foot race would pass by their house. She set up the stand out on the afternoon of July 3, hoping for good visibility. Her 9-year-old daughter, Kalia, had also made many little soft toys to sell there, excited about her first craft sale. But on the morning of July 4, Blancaflor woke up to find the 3-by-6-foot stand gone. She and her family could not believe it. She reported the case to the police and shared the news on Facebook, asking neighbors to check their security cameras. She added that if someone had taken it by mistake, she hoped they would return it so she could open as planned. The post spread quickly. Several neighbors sent videos showing someone loaded the stand onto a vehicle at around 2:00 a.m. and drove away. A local newspaper reported the case, and many people showed their support. Blancaflor felt heartbroken, but the community’s warmth gave her hope. John Adams, who runs a local construction company with his son Casey, saw the post and felt sad. Although they had never met Blancaflor, they decided to rebuild the stand. They contacted Blancaflor on Facebook with their offer. She was surprised and unsure at first, since she did not know them. She waited two more weeks, hoping her stand would be found, but when it was not, she accepted their help. Using Blancaflor’s husband’s original sketches and measurements, the father and the son spent 12 hours rebuilding the stand, even using the same style of orange wheels. They delivered it on July 25. Blancaflor was amazed at how similar it was to the original. The Adamses refused to take any money for their work or materials. The only payment they accepted was bread. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 K’s Bakestand officially opened on August 8. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Later that week, Blancaflor visited the Adamses. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $