精品解析：上海格致中学2026-2027学年度第一学期第一次测验高三年级英语试卷

格致中学 二〇二六学年度第一学期第一次测验 高三年级 英语试卷 （测试105分钟内完成，总分115分，试后交答题卷） 温馨提示：昨天，你既然经历了艰苦的学习，今天，你必将获得可喜的收获！ 祝您：诚实守信，沉着冷静，细致踏实，自信自强，去迎接胜利！ I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Food delivery riders call on platforms to open up AI “black box” Gig economy workers are urging delivery platforms to open up the “black box” of computer-driven algorithms that determine the jobs they ____1____ (offer) and how much they are paid, blaming increased use of AI ____2____ lowering wages. A group of food delivery riders in Edinburgh have expressed concern about the fact ____3____ their rates of pay have fallen and their working conditions have deteriorated at the same time as Deliveroo, Uber Eats and Just Eat, the three dominant gig economy platforms in the UK and Ireland, have increased their use of automation. “I am making half the money I was making four years ago, for the same number of hours. It makes no sense,” said David, ____4____ food delivery rider in Edinburgh for the past seven years who did not want to share his surname. David and other food delivery riders usually share their experiences of worsening pay and conditions in the afternoon ____5____ they go their separate ways to carry food and groceries to customers’ doorsteps during the dinnertime rush. The group has come together through the Workers’ Observatory, a charity ____6____ (found) by gig economy workers alongside academics at St Andrews and Edinburgh universities, ____7____ aim is to help riders research the parts of their working experience that are mostly concealed by the companies that operate delivery platforms, to help them to improve ____8____ own working conditions. Cailean Gallagher, director of the observatory, said “there is so much infrastructure of knowledge and data that’s concealed” by the platforms’ algorithm, ____9____ (leave) gig economy riders “working in the dark”. Deliveroo described their algorithm FRANK as “super smart” and able to decide “which rider to offer which order”. The company said FRANK was “made up of machine-learning technology, which predicts the precise timings of every order”. Previously, food was delivered ____10____ (efficiently) than it is with FRANK. “The vast majority of riders are satisfied working with us, and we continue to partner with the Labor Union to raise the bar on security and wellbeing standards. Information on our algorithm and fees is set out on our rider website.” 【答案】1. are offered 2. for 3. that 4. a 5. before 6. founded 7. whose 8. their 9. leaving 10. less efficiently 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述零工经济外卖骑手呼吁平台公开算法黑箱，并阐述相关组织与平台的不同观点。 【1题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：零工经济从业者正敦促外卖平台揭开由计算机驱动算法构成的黑箱，这些算法决定给他们分配什么订单以及他们的薪酬，并指责人工智能的普及造成薪资下降。此处为定语从句的谓语动词，主语they指代骑手，和offer之间为被动关系，句子为一般现在时，主语是复数，所以谓语动词为are offered。 【2题详解】 考查介词。句意：零工经济从业者正敦促外卖平台揭开由计算机驱动算法构成的黑箱，这些算法决定给他们分配什么订单以及他们的薪酬，并指责人工智能的普及造成薪资下降。固定搭配blame sth. for sth.意为“因某事指责某物”，所以此处为介词for。 【3题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：爱丁堡一群外卖骑手对这样一个事实表示担忧：在英国和爱尔兰三大主流零工平台Deliveroo、Uber Eats和Just Eat提高自动化使用率的同时，他们的薪酬水平下降，工作条件也变差了。此处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容，从句句意完整、不缺成分，所以用连接词that，只起连接作用，无实际意义。 【4题详解】 考查冠词。句意：戴维在爱丁堡做外卖骑手已经七年，他不愿透露自己的姓氏，他说：“同样的工作时长，我现在赚的钱只有四年前的一半，这毫无道理。”food delivery rider为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一名外卖骑手”，为泛指，且food是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 【5题详解】 考查连词。句意：戴维和其他外卖骑手通常会在下午交流薪酬与工作条件变差的经历，之后他们分头行动，在晚餐高峰时段把餐食和杂货送到顾客家门口。此处引导时间状语从句，结合句意，表示“在……之前”，所以用连词before。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该团体通过工人观察站聚集在一起，这是一家由零工从业者与圣安德鲁斯大学、爱丁堡大学学者共同创立的慈善机构。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，charity和found之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词founded。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该团体通过工人观察站聚集在一起，这是一家由零工从业者与圣安德鲁斯大学、爱丁堡大学学者共同创立的慈善机构，它的目标是帮助骑手去探究那些大多被外卖平台运营公司掩盖的工作相关内容，帮助他们改善自身的工作条件。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a charity，关系词在从句中作定语修饰aim，所以用关系代词whose。 【8题详解】 考查代词。句意：该团体通过工人观察站聚集在一起，这是一家由零工从业者与圣安德鲁斯大学、爱丁堡大学学者共同创立的慈善机构，它的目标是帮助骑手去探究那些大多被外卖平台运营公司掩盖的工作相关内容，帮助他们改善自身的工作条件。此处修饰名词working conditions，指代riders，表示“他们的”，所以用形容词性物主代词their。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：观察站负责人卡利安·加拉格尔说，平台的算法隐藏了大量知识与数据体系，使得零工骑手在不知情的状态下工作。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，leave与前面整件事之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词leaving。 【10题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：在使用FRANK算法之前，外卖配送的效率比现在更低。根据后面的than可知，此处要用副词的比较级，修饰动词delivered，efficiently的比较级为less efficiently。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. agreed B. alternative C. associated D. comparison E. entirely F. obesity G. occasional H. officially I. ordinary J. removal K. simplification Why Did McDonald’s Supersized Menu Disappear? McDonald’s announced they were phasing out their signature Supersize fry and drink options in 2004, but years later, we’re still using the term to refer to something extra-large, especially when the Golden Arches are involved. Supersizing was brilliant — who doesn’t want more fries, after all — but wants and needs are two different things ____11____. The demise (终止) of the supersize was a slow thing. According to CBS News, the plan to get rid of it was announced in March 2004, with a promise that by the end of the year, no location would be handing out those giant cups that absolutely wouldn’t fit in your car’s cup holder. McDonald’s did say that it was going to return for the ____12____ promotion, giving fans of the supersize fries and drinks a little bit of hope. And so it did. Supersizing is so firmly ____13____ with American fast food that we’re still consuming it years later. But why did it once disappear, anyway? The reason McDonald’s ____14____ gave for making the decision to get rid of supersizing isn’t the one you might expect. Walt Riker, a spokesman for McDonald’s, gave only one reason during a brief statement. According to him, the driving force here was menu ____15____. Surprising, right? According to Bloomberg, McDonald’s had 145 menu items in 2013, and that’s 85 more than they had in 2007 — not too many years after supersizing disappeared. The story came around the time McDonald’s was saying goodbye to the Angus burger, and some salads, and spokesperson Danya Proud said it was nothing out of the ____16____. “We add and take out menu items all the time,” she wrote in an email. “It’s part of doing business for us and isn’t new.” So taking menu items away isn’t anything new for McDonald’s, but having a shortened menu definitely is. That might be why not too many completely ____17____ with the public reasoning. BBC linked the decision to ditch supersized items to something else — McDonald’s awareness of the ____18____ epidemic. BBC has found that the announcement of the ____19____ in the UK happened at the same time when the British government was calling on people to take a look at how they can reinvent their lifestyles to improve health on a national level. In fact, the decision to get rid of supersizing went hand-in-hand with increasing pressure being put on fast food restaurants to at least offer a healthier ____20____ to customers. They had already begun adding some of the healthier options that everyone is familiar with today, like fruit and yogurt, but at the time, they were still being heavily criticized for just how bad their food was. 【答案】11. E 12. G 13. C 14. H 15. K 16. I 17. A 18. F 19. J 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了麦当劳超大份薯条和饮料为何被逐步取消，先列出官方给出的“菜单简化”理由，再由媒体分析指出其背后与肥胖流行病、社会健康压力相关的真实原因。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：超大份餐品的推出曾是绝妙的创意——毕竟谁会不想要更多薯条呢——但欲望和需求完全是两回事。所填词置于句末作状语，要填副词。结合but wants and needs are two different things可知，方框中的副词entirely“完全地、彻底地”符合题意。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：麦当劳方面确实表示，超大份套餐将会在偶尔的促销活动中重新回归，这给那些喜爱超大份薯条和饮品的消费者带来了一丝希望。所填词作定语修饰名词promotion，要填形容词。结合giving fans of the supersize fries and drinks a little bit of hope可知，方框中的形容词occasional“偶尔的”符合本句语境。 【13题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：超大份产品与美国快餐的联系如此根深蒂固，以至于多年以后我们依旧在使用这个说法。空前有is，结合with American fast food可知，方框中的associated符合题意，可构成短语be associated with，表示“与……相关联”。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：麦当劳官方做出取消超大份产品这一决定所给出的理由，可能并不是你所预想的那个理由。所填词作状语修饰动词gave，要填副词。结合gave for making the decision可知，方框中的副词officially“官方地”，符合本句语境。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：据他所说，促成这项决定的主要驱动力就是菜单精简。名词menu作定语修饰所填词，要填名词；结合下文McDonald’s had 145 menu items in 2013, and that’s 85 more than they had in 2007可推知，菜单被精简了，方框中的名词simplification“简化、精简”，符合本句语境。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这件事发生的时候，麦当劳正淘汰安格斯汉堡和部分沙拉，发言人丹娅·普劳德称这并不是什么异乎寻常的事情。定冠词the修饰所填词，结合out of the可知，方框中的形容词ordinary可构成固定短语out of the ordinary，表示“不寻常的、反常的”。 【17题详解】 考查动词及时态。句意：这也许就是并没有太多人完全认同官方这套公开解释的原因。所填词在why引导的表语从句中作谓语，结合with the public reasoning可知，方框中的agreed符合题意，可构成固定短语agree with“同意”，符合本句语境。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：英国广播公司把取消超大份餐品的决定归于另外一个因素，即麦当劳意识到了肥胖症的流行问题。所填词作定语修饰名词epidemic，方框中的名词obesity表示“肥胖症”，可作定语修饰名词，符合本句语境。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：英国广播公司发现，英国宣布取消超大份餐品的同一时期，英国政府呼吁民众思考如何重塑生活方式，以此在全国层面改善国民健康。定冠词the修饰所填词，结合下文the decision to get rid of supersizing went hand-in-hand可推知，英国取消超大份餐品，方框中的名词removal“移除、取消”符合本句语境。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：事实上，取消超大份餐品的决定与快餐门店承受的越来越大的压力相伴而来，社会要求快餐店至少要向顾客提供更加健康的替代选择。healthier作定语修饰所填词，要填名词。结合下文adding some of the healthier options可推知，方框中的名词alternative“可供选择的事物、替代物”，符合本句语境。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The term culture now is used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team. In its original sense, however, culture ____21____ all identifying aspects of an ethnic (民族的) group, nation, or empire: its physical environment, history, and traditions, its social rules and economic structure; its religious beliefs and arts. The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another. It is for this reason that most people regard culture as ____22____ rather than inborn. People acquire a culture; they are not ____23____ with one. The process by which a person develops a ____24____ for regional foods, or an outlook on the world over time, ____25____, is known as enculturation (文化适应). Cultures are often identified by their ____26____ — images that are familiar and have meanings. Totem (图腾) poles carved with animal and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest but more accurately ____27____ specific families. In Asia and India, the color of yellow is identified with Buddhist and Hindu priests; in ancient China it was a color only for the family of the ____28____. Thus, different cultures may respond to a symbol quite ____29____. For example, to some a flag may represent pride, historical accomplishments, or ideals; to others, ____30____, it can symbolize danger or oppression. To individuals unfamiliar with cultures outside their own, the beliefs, behaviors, and artistic expression of other groups can seem ____31____ and even threatening. A society that ____32____ all other cultures with its own standards is said to be ethnocentric (民族优越感的). A strongly ethnocentric society assumes also that what is different from its own culture is likely to be ____33____ and, possibly, wrong or evil. All people are ethnocentric to some degree, and aspects of ethnocentrism, such as national pride, ____34____ a well-functioning society. An appreciation for one’s own culture, however, does not preclude (排除) acceptance and respect for another culture. History documents the long-term vigor and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and diverse cultural backgrounds live and work together. Ethnocentrism, ____35____, can lead to racism — the belief that it is race and ethnic origin that account for variations in human character or ability and that one’s own race is superior to all others. 21. A. benefits B. involves C. attracts D. neglects 22. A. learned B. created C. developed D. inherited 23. A. supplied B. exchanged C. carried D. born 24. A. style B. taste C. method D. culture 25. A. for example B. besides C. otherwise D. nevertheless 26. A. religions B. symbols C. arts D. traditions 27. A. make up B. take over C. stand for D. bring up 28. A. minister B. maid C. prisoner D. emperor 29. A. appropriately B. positively C. differently D. similarly 30. A. furthermore B. however C. thus D. also 31. A. national B. normal C. pleasant D. strange 32. A. removes B. ranks C. controls D. abandons 33. A. inferior B. productive C. traditional D. industrial 34. A. belong to B. refer to C. turn to D. contribute to 35. A. in contrast B. in particular C. as a result D. on the whole 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了文化的本义与内涵、文化的后天习得属性、文化符号的象征意义，以及民族中心主义的概念与双重影响，指出适度的文化认同与民族自豪感有助于社会运转，但极端的民族中心主义会走向种族主义。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，就其本义而言，文化涵盖了一个民族群体、国家或帝国所有具有辨识度的方面：其自然环境、历史与传统，社会规则与经济结构，宗教信仰与艺术。A. benefits有益于；B. involves包含；C. attracts吸引；D. neglects忽视。根据上文“The term culture now is used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team.”可知，文化一词本身涵盖范围极广。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：正因如此，大多数人认为文化是后天习得的，而非天生的。A. learned习得的；B. created被创造的；C. developed发展的；D. inherited继承的。根据上文“The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another.”可知，人们文化是代代相传的，并非与生俱来，是后天习得的。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：人们习得文化；他们并非生来就带有某种文化。A. supplied提供；B. exchanged交换；C. carried携带；D. born出生。根据上文“most people regard culture as _____ rather than inborn”可知，文化不是先天自带的属性，not born与inborn是照应关系。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着时间推移，一个人逐渐形成对地方饮食的品味，或是形成某种世界观的过程，举例来说，被称为文化适应。A. style风格；B. taste品味；C. method方法；D. culture文化。根据空后的“for regional foods”可知，人在文化适应中对食物形成的是口味与喜好。 【25题详解】 考查副词和介词短语。句意：随着时间推移，一个人逐渐形成对地方饮食的品味，或是形成某种世界观的过程，举例来说，被称为文化适应。A. for example例如；B. besides此外；C. otherwise否则；D. nevertheless然而。根据空前的“or an outlook on the world over time”和空后的“is known as enculturation (文化适应)”可知，世界观是文化适应的举例说明。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：文化往往通过其符号——那些为人熟知且承载特定含义的意象——来被识别。A. religions宗教；B. symbols符号；C. arts艺术；D. traditions传统。根据下文“Totem poles carved with animal and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest”以及“the color of yellow is identified with Buddhist and Hindu priests”可推知，图腾柱、特定颜色都是文化的象征符号。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：刻有动物与创意形象的图腾柱体现了太平洋西北沿岸美洲原住民的文化特征，但更准确地说，它象征着特定的家族。A. make up组成；B. take over接管；C. stand for代表；D. bring up抚养。根据空前的“Totem poles carved with animal and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples”可知，图腾柱具有象征意义，后半句进一步说明它更精准的象征对象。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：在亚洲和印度，黄色与佛教和印度教祭司身份挂钩；在中国古代，黄色是唯有皇帝家族才可使用的颜色。A. minister大臣；B. maid女仆；C. prisoner囚犯；D. emperor皇帝。结合常识可知，古代中国黄色是皇权专属。 【29题详解】 考查副词。句意：因此，不同文化对同一个符号的解读可能大相径庭。A. appropriately恰当地；B. positively积极地；C. differently不同地；D. similarly相似地。根据下文“to some a flag may represent pride, historical accomplishments, or ideals”和“it can symbolize danger or oppression”可知，不同群体对同一符号的理解完全不同。 【30题详解】 考查副词。句意：例如，对一些人来说，旗帜代表着荣耀、历史成就或是理想；然而对另一些人而言，它可能象征着危险与压迫。A. furthermore此外；B. however然而；C. thus因此；D. also也。根据空前的“to some a flag may represent pride, historical accomplishments, or ideals”和空后的“it can symbolize danger or oppression”可知，两种对旗帜的解读截然相反，这是转折关系。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于不了解自身以外文化的人来说，其他群体的信仰、行为与艺术表达可能看起来陌生，甚至带有威胁性。A. national国家的；B. normal正常的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. strange陌生的。根据空后的“and even threatening”可知，所填词与even threatening是并列关系，具有负面含义，strange符合本句语境。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：一个以自身标准为标尺，给其他所有文化划分等级的社会，就被称作具有民族优越感的社会。A. removes移除；B. ranks划分等级；C. controls控制；D. abandons抛弃。根据空后的“is said to be ethnocentric”可知，民族优越感社会的特征就是拿本民族标准去衡量、给别的文化划分优劣等级。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有着强烈民族优越感的社会还会认为，与自身文化不同的文化大概率是低劣的，甚至可能是错误、邪恶的。A. inferior低劣的；B. productive多产的；C. traditional传统的；D. industrial工业的。根据空后的“and, possibly, wrong or evil”可知，所填词具有负面含义，inferior符合本句语境。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：所有人在某种程度上都有民族中心主义，而民族中心主义的一些表现，比如民族自豪感，有助于社会的良好运转。A. belong to属于；B. refer to指的是；C. turn to求助于；D. contribute to有助于。根据空前的“aspects of ethnocentrism, such as national pride”和空后的“a well-functioning society”可知，民族自豪感是正向特质，有助于社会良性运转。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：相比之下，民族中心主义可能会催生种族主义——即认为人类性格与能力的差异源于种族与民族出身，且自身种族优于其他所有种族的观念。A. in contrast相比之下；B. in particular尤其；C. as a result结果；D. on the whole总体上。根据上文“An appreciation for one’s own culture, however, does not preclude (排除) acceptance and respect for another culture. History documents the long-term vigor and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and diverse cultural backgrounds live and work together.”可知，上文说明欣赏自身文化的同时也可以接纳尊重别的文化，历史也证明多元文化群体能够蓬勃发展，这是对待文化的良性局面；本句讲述民族中心主义会造成种族主义这一消极后果，前后形成正反对比关系，in contrast符合本句语境。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) An excerpt from Shoes Were for Sunday by Molly Weir One of the phrases which greatly puzzled me was “entertaining angels unaware”. How could anybody be unaware of entertaining an angel, I thought? It never occurred to me that angelic qualities could hide under very ordinary voices and in everyday bodies. My angel, as it turned out, hid inside the little figure of my school-teacher, Miss McKenzie. To me she was always a little old lady, with her grey hair framing a round rosy face and caught up in an old-fashioned bun (发髻) on top of her head. Although I enjoyed Miss McKenzie’s approval, I never really felt very close to her. It never dawned on me to ask her advice as to what I should do when I left school. Surely there was only one thing to do: get a job and earn money as quickly as possible. But Miss McKenzie had other ideas. We in our house knew nothing of scholarships for fatherless children. The idea of a child from a working-class household going to college was the very stuff of story-books. Unknown to us, she forced the headmaster to put my name forward for a special scholarship open to children who showed some promise, and who would benefit from further education. He agreed, although he was a bit worried about the expense of keeping me at college for a whole year. No earnings from me, and fares and clothes to be covered, for, of course, only the fees would be paid if I won. Miss McKenzie brushed all argument aside. To this day I can remember my complete astonishment when, on being asked if she felt I had any particular qualities, this elderly teacher banged the desk with her fist, and declared in an American idiom I never suspected she knew: “I’d stake my bottom dollar on this girl!” I trembled at the passion in her voice, and at her faith in me. “What if I fail her?” I gasped to myself. “What if she has to pay all the money back if I let her down?” I knew we hadn’t a spare dollar to repay anybody, and I was sick with a sense of responsibility in case I messed up. The time at college went by quickly. At the end of my year at college I was able to lay before her the college gold medal as the year’s top student and a whole pile of certificates. And suddenly as I gazed at her, and saw her eyes shining with pride behind the gold-rimmed glasses, I realized how widely she had thrown open the door of opportunity for me. And I knew for the first time what the phrase “entertaining angels unaware” meant. For there, standing before me in class, was my very own angel, Miss McKenzie. 36. The author’s description of Miss McKenzie in paragraphs 2 and 5 aims to ________. A. explain why she always kept a safe distance from Miss McKenzie B. contrast the inner qualities of McKenzie with her humble appearance C. emphasize that she and McKenzie both came from an ordinary family D. illustrate the influence of the strong faith Miss McKenzie had in her 37. It can be inferred from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 that ________. A. it is unlikely for children from an ordinary family to further their study in college B. going to university can help those from working-class backgrounds climb up the social ladder C. those who can only read stories do not meet the minimum requirement of college D. the author had the idea of going to college because she was inspired by some stories 38. In paragraph 6, the author felt ________ when she heard McKenzie’s passionate voice. A. shocked and encouraged B. embarrassed and reluctant C. uncertain and stressed D. worried and purposeful 39. The author’s main purpose of writing this passage is to ________. A. recall her schooldays and her past achievements B. express her gratitude to one of her school teachers C. stress the importance of equal access to education D. encourage readers to find the angels around them 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述工薪家庭出身的作者本打算毕业后打工谋生，麦肯齐老师却为她争取奖学金，助她求学成才，作者也领悟到老师就是自己身边的天使。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“To me she was always a little old lady, with her grey hair framing a round rosy face and caught up in an old‑fashioned bun (发髻) on top of her head.(在我眼里，她始终是一位小老太太，灰白的头发衬着一张红润的圆脸，在头顶挽成一个老式发髻)”以及第五段中麦肯齐说的话“I’d stake my bottom dollar on this girl!(我把最后的本钱都押在这个女孩身上！)”可知，第二段描写了麦肯齐朴素普通的外表，第五段体现出她力排众议、坚定力荐作者的内在品质。由此推知，作者的意图是将麦肯齐老师朴素的外表与坚定热诚、慧眼识才的内在品质作对比。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段画线句“The idea of a child from a working‑class household going to college was the very stuff of story‑books.(一个来自工人家庭的孩子上大学的想法，简直就像是童话故事中的情节)”前面的“We in our house knew nothing of scholarships for fatherless children.(我们家对无父孩子可申请的奖学金一无所知)”可知，在作者一家看来，工薪阶层的孩子上大学是不现实、近乎天方夜谭的事。由此推知，画线句含有“普通家庭的孩子上大学深造的可能性不大”之意。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“What if I fail her?(我要是辜负了她怎么办？)”以及“I was sick with a sense of responsibility in case I messed up.(一想到自己可能把事情搞砸，我就被责任感压得难受极了)”可知，作者对自己能否成功没有把握，又担心辜负老师、家里无力偿还，内心备受压力。由此推知，作者当时既不确定又焦虑紧张。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据末段中的“And I knew for the first time what the phrase “entertaining angels unaware” meant. For there, standing before me in class, was my very own angel, Miss McKenzie.(我第一次懂得了“不知不觉款待了天使”这句话的含义。因为站在教室里我面前的，正是我自己的天使——麦肯齐老师)”可知，作者把改变自己命运的老师视作天使，字里行间满是感念。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章旨在向这位恩师表达感激之情。 (B) Welcome to the best new movies! We’re adding the latest Certified Fresh films as they’re released in theaters and across streamers, so check back every week! MAN ON THE RUN (2025) Critics: Chronicling (记叙) Paul McCartney’s time spent in the creative wilderness through when he regrew his wings, Man on the Run is a lovely testament to the musical genius and his romantic partnership with Linda McCartney. Summary: In April 1970, Paul released his first solo album, McCartney, alongside a shocking press release that announced the beloved band had split. When asked what he’d do next, he said his only plan... was to grow up. Man on the Run captures Paul’s transformative decade in the wake of The Beatles’ break-up. Through stunning footage, exceptional photographs, and interviews with Mick Jagger, Chrissie Hynde, Sean Ono Lennon, Mary and Stella McCartney, all the living Wings members, and of course Paul himself, the film examines this time through a uniquely vulnerable lens. EVERYBODY TO KENMURE STREET (2026) Critics: A spirited and uplifting documentary, Everybody to Kenmure Street captures a community’s witty, determined stand against injustice through the power of collective action. Summary: Anti-establishment struggles and activism run in the veins of Glasgow inhabitants. So when in May 2021, a U.K. Home Office raid is launched, it triggers one of the most spontaneous (自发的) acts of civil resistance in recent memory. In Scotland’s most diverse neighbourhood, hundreds of residents rush to Kenmure Street to stop the deportation of their neighbours. REMAKE (2025) Critics: Remake is both McElwee’s attempt to hold onto his son, and to let him go. Summary: Filmmaker Ross McElwee has spent forty years recording himself and his family, creating documentaries that chronicle the shifting American society through the lens of personal history. His son Adrian grew up inside those films, and eventually began experimenting with the camera himself. When a Hollywood producer acquires the rights to adapt McElwee’s 1986 breakthrough SHERMAN’S MARCH into a work of fiction, twenty-year-old Adrian sees a chance for his father to finally reach a wider audience. As the adaptation stalls, Adrian gets swept into a drug addiction and dies from an overdose, leaving behind hours of personal video footage. Retracing Adrian’s final years, McElwee reflects on the lifetime behind the camera, then remixes and remakes the movie that Adrian never got to finish. 40. What can be inferred about Paul McCartney’s creative wilderness time? A. He completely stopped making music. B. He struggled before achieving new success. C. He focused on interpersonal relationships. D. He frequently collaborated with Mick Jagger. 41. The underlined phrase “run in the veins” is closest in meaning to ________. A. are ignored by B. are deeply rooted in C. are opposed to D. are controlled by 42. What do the three films have in common? A. They are all non-fictional works. B. They all feature celebrities as their core subjects. C. They all explore personal stories against public struggles. D. They were all originally scheduled for public release in 2025. 【答案】40. B 41. B 42. A 【解析】 【导语】文章分别介绍了三部纪录片的影评和故事梗概，简单介绍每部影片的主题内容。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一部影评部分“Chronicling (记叙) Paul McCartney’s time spent in the creative wilderness through when he regrew his wings, Man on the Run is a lovely testament to the musical genius and his romantic partnership with Linda McCartney.(《逃亡之人》记述了保罗・麦卡特尼那段沉寂蛰伏、重新振翅的创作岁月，这部电影优美地见证了这位音乐天才，以及他与琳达・麦卡特尼之间浪漫的伴侣之情。)”以及简介中“Man on the Run captures Paul’s transformative decade in the wake of The Beatles’ break-up.(《逃亡之人》捕捉了披头士乐队解散之后保罗经历蜕变的十年)”可知，这部影片记录保罗・麦卡特尼走出创作荒原、重展羽翼的历程，捕捉了披头士乐队解散之后他经历蜕变的十年，由此推断他在取得新的成功之前经历了挣扎。 【41题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文“So when in May 2021, a U.K. Home Office raid is launched, it triggers one of the most spontaneous acts of civil resistance in recent memory.(2021年5月，英国内政部发起突袭行动，催生了近代最自发的民间抵抗行动之一) ”以及“In Scotland’s most diverse neighbourhood, hundreds of residents rush to Kenmure Street to stop the deportation of their neighbours.(在苏格兰多元文化最丰富的街区，数百居民冲向肯穆尔街阻止邻居被驱逐)”可知，当驱逐行动发生时，格拉斯哥居民自发进行抵抗，说明反抗体制的抗争精神深深植根于居民的本性之中，可推理出“run in the veins”含义为深深植根于。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一部影评部分“Through stunning footage, exceptional photographs, and interviews with Mick Jagger, Chrissie Hynde, Sean Ono Lennon, Mary and Stella McCartney, all the living Wings members, and of course Paul himself, the film examines this time through a uniquely vulnerable lens.(通过震撼人心的镜头、出色的照片，以及对米克·贾格尔、克里斯·海恩德、肖恩·奥诺·列侬、玛丽和斯特拉·麦卡特尼等所有在世的“羽翼”乐队成员，当然还有保罗本人的采访，这部电影以一种独特的视角审视了这段时期) ”、第二部影评部分“A spirited and uplifting documentary, Everybody to Kenmure Street captures a community’s witty, determined stand against injustice...(《Everybody to Kenmure Street》是一部充满活力、振奋人心的纪录片，记录了社区民众机智坚定地反抗不公的行动) ”、第三部影评部分“Filmmaker Ross McElwee has spent forty years recording himself and his family, creating documentaries that chronicle the shifting American society...(导演罗斯·麦克尔威花费四十年记录自己与家人，创作记录美国社会变迁的纪录片) ”可知，三部影片都属于纪录片，都是非虚构类作品。。 (C) If you know someone with borderline personality disorder (BPD), you’re aware of how quickly they can step up from mild annoyance to outbursts of anger. However, Sonya Varma, a professor from York University, wondered, do people with BPD have problems in all aspects of this process? Could they have an as-yet-undiscovered set of emotional strengths? According to new research by Varma and her colleagues, emotion regulation involves both the internal reactions of the body and the conscious efforts people make to label those bodily feelings. This labeling process, they maintain, could make all the difference when it comes to settling back down and putting the mind back at rest. To tease apart these features of emotion regulation, Varma designed an experimental situation in which they put participants into an “emotion induction (引导)” treatment. Participants read a story about an event, such as a hit-and-run accident or the death of a pet dog, designed to evoke negative emotions. The sample included 29 participants with diagnosed BPD who were age- and sex-matched with healthy controls, and they ranged in age from 18 to 60. To examine the effect of labeling, Varma asked their participants to type their current emotional states into a computer, choosing from a set they saw on the screen. They could use the same word multiple times if they wished. If indeed people with BPD have difficulty labeling their emotions, then this fault should have been reflected in their ability to return to baseline (基点) after the negative emotion induction. However, the findings surprisingly ran counter to the research team’s expectations: People with BPD were equal to the control participants in the negativity of their expressed emotion, the intensity of that emotion, and even the words they used to describe their emotions. Although using a wider range of words following the emotion induction helped to bring about greater physiological control for all participants, there were no differences between groups in this effect. Given its role in helping restore physiological peace, it appears that regardless of whether someone has BPD or not, it can be beneficial to learn to label your emotions. When you’re starting down the pathway of experiencing a negative emotion, you can benefit by applying an accurate label to that emotion as opposed to holding it back or calling it something else. This can potentially prevent engagement in destructive behaviors that may function to down regulate emotion such as self-harm. To sum up, this new information about BPD can offer hope that at least one key element of the emotion regulation process appears to function effectively. Building on this strength could very well provide a new and unexplored pathway for their satisfaction. 43. According to paragraphs 1 and 2, people with BPD ________. A. may be good at labeling bodily feelings B. may lose their temper easily and suddenly C. encounter problems in every aspect of their life D. have emotional strengths like emotion regulation 44. The underlined phrase “tease apart” (Para 3, Line 1) is closest in meaning to ________. A. distinguish B. combine C. emphasize D. dominate 45. What can be inferred from Varma’s experiment? A. Negative emotions affect the ability to reflect. B. Healthy controls excel at regulating their mental state. C. Using a wider range of emotion words helps restore physiological calm. D. People with BPD met the research team’s expectations. 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. A new pathway of regulating emotions. B. A method of consciously labeling emotions. C. An unexpected strength of people with BPD. D. An involuntary reaction to people with BPD. 【答案】43. B 44. A 45. C 46. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，边缘型人格障碍患者在为情绪贴标签方面与健康人表现相当，这是一种意想不到的情感优势。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you know someone with borderline personality disorder (BPD), you’re aware of how quickly they can step up from mild annoyance to outbursts of anger.(如果你认识患有边缘型人格障碍的人，你就会知道他们从轻微烦恼升级到爆发愤怒有多快)”可知，边缘型人格障碍患者容易且突然发脾气。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“According to new research by Varma and her colleagues, emotion regulation involves both the internal reactions of the body and the conscious efforts people make to label those bodily feelings.(根据瓦尔玛及其同事的新研究，情绪调节既涉及身体的内部反应，也涉及人们为这些身体感受贴标签的有意识努力)”以及第三段中“To tease apart these features of emotion regulation, Varma designed an experimental situation(为了tease apart情绪调节的这些特征，瓦尔玛设计了一个实验情境)”可知，实验的目的是把情绪调节的两种特征“区分、梳理”开来进行研究，画线短语“tease apart”意为“区分、辨别”，与“distinguish”最接近。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Although using a wider range of words following the emotion induction helped to bring about greater physiological control for all participants, there were no differences between groups in this effect.(尽管在情绪引导后使用更广泛的词汇有助于所有参与者实现更好的生理控制，但各组在这一效果上没有差异)”可知，使用更广泛的情感词汇有助于人们恢复生理上的平静。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“However, Sonya Varma, a professor from York University, wondered, do people with BPD have problems in all aspects of this process? Could they have an as-yet-undiscovered set of emotional strengths?(然而，约克大学的索尼娅·瓦尔玛教授想知道，边缘型人格障碍患者在这一过程的各个方面都有问题吗?他们是否可能拥有一套尚未被发现的情感优势?)”以及最后一段中“To sum up, this new information about BPD can offer hope that at least one key element of the emotion regulation process appears to function effectively. Building on this strength could very well provide a new and unexplored pathway for their satisfaction.(总之，关于边缘型人格障碍的这一新信息带来了希望：情绪调节过程中的至少一个关键要素似乎运作良好。建立在这一优势之上，很可能为他们的满足感提供一条新的、尚未探索的途径)”可知，文章主要介绍边缘型人格障碍患者一个意想不到的优势。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A Different Type of Phone Book Although books are still popular with teenagers, most of them spend more of their leisure time staring at their phone than reading a paperback. And the more versatile phones become, the more reasons young people have for looking at them. ___47___ Instead of publishing whole book at once, they produce very short chapters, which they send once a week to their readers by text message. Some even claim that this style of writing represents a new literary genre: the ‘cell phone novel’. Although the idea originated in Japan, cell phone novels have also sprung up in the rest of East Asia, Europe and Africa. Many are written by high school or university students who are very familiar with the topics that teenagers are interested in. Common themes are love, tragedy and betrayal, and the stories often deal with difficult or controversial issues. Twenty-one-year-old Rin said that she started her novel If You during her final year at high school and explained that was the tragic love story of two childhood friends. Rin wrote her novel over a six-month period in spare moments, often while commuting on the train. _____48_____Readers then voted her novel the best that year and she was offered book contract. Her book sold 40,000 copies and was number five in the Japanese bestseller list. Rin said that her mother had had no idea that she had been writing a novel and was therefore very surprised when she saw a book with her daughter’s name on it. The style of cell phone novels has evolved to suit the medium. Chapters have no more than 200 words, and often just 50-100 words. _____49_____ The text mostly consists of dialogue and the language is direct, conveying a lot in a few words. Many cell phone novelists had never written fiction before and many of their readers have never read normal novel. Other rules have evolved; for example, authors only have one name and that is a pseudonym or pen name. In 2009, a young Japanese writer called Takatsu, who lives in Canada, began writing the first English language cell phone novel, Secondhand Memories. Each instalment appeared on textnovel.com, a website dedicated to cell phone stories. Takatsu had read an English translation of Rin’s story If You and had been impressed by its simple and emotional language. It was a feature he deliberately copied when he started writing Secondhand Memories. _____50_____ He now believes that, in English, cell phone novels have a powerful and poetic identity of their own. Takatsu sees himself, and the other writers who contribute to textnovel.com, as part of a literary movement which blends drama, technology, pop culture and social media. Cell phone novels encourage young people to engage in fiction, even those who would not normally pick up a book. They could be described as teen novels for the 21st century. A. Books are sometimes regarded as old-fashioned and difficult to read. B. In response to this trend, some smart young authors have changed the way they write. C. However, as the story progressed, the style gradually evolved into something different. D. She typed out installments on her phone and uploaded them onto a popular website for cell phone authors. E. No money is made from cell phone novels unless they are published as books. F. Sentences are short and there are no descriptions of anything or anybody because there isn’t space. 【答案】47. B 48. D 49. F 50. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一种不同类型的电话簿。 【47题详解】 上文提示“手机变得越多功能，年轻人就越有理由关注它们。”承接上文，B项In response to this trend, some smart young authors have changed the way they write.（为了应对这种趋势，一些聪明的年轻作家改变了他们的写作方式。）切题。故选B项。 【48题详解】 上文提示“琳在六个月的业余时间里写了这部小说，通常是在乘火车上下班的时候写。”再根据下文提示“随后，读者们投票选她的小说为当年的最佳作品，她也获得了出书合同。”承接上下文，D项She typed out installments on her phone and uploaded them onto a popular website for cell phone authors.（她在自己的手机上打印了几篇文章，并把它们上传到一个很受欢迎的手机作者网站上。）切题。故选D项。 【49题详解】 上文提示“章节不超过200字，通常只有50-100字。”再根据下文提示“文本以对话为主，语言直接，言简意赅。”承接上下文，F项Sentences are short and there are no descriptions of anything or anybody because there isn’t space.（句子很短，没有对任何事物或任何人的描述，因为没有空间。）切题。故选F项。 【50题详解】 上文提示“当他开始写《二手回忆》时，他故意模仿了这个特点。”再根据下文提示“他现在认为，在英语中，手机小说有一种强大而诗意的身份。”承接上下文，C项However, as the story progressed, the style gradually evolved into something different.（然而，随着故事的进展，风格逐渐演变成不同的东西。）切题。该项中的However与上文构成转折关系，故选C项。 III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Public speaking is a valuable skill that can boost your confidence and open up new opportunities. However, for many people, the thought of standing in front of an audience can be nerve-wracking. You might wonder how to organize your thoughts, engage your audience, or control your nervousness. This article will guide you through the process of delivering a perfect public speech. Before you step onto the stage, the most important thing is to prepare your speech content. Start by defining the purpose of your speech — are you informing, persuading, or entertaining? Once you have a clear goal, brainstorm key points that support your main idea. Organizing your speech into an introduction, body, and conclusion can make it easier for your audience to follow. In the introduction, grab the audience’s attention with a question, a story, or a surprising fact. The body should contain two or three main points, each supported by examples, data, or anecdotes. Finally, conclude with a strong closing statement that reinforces your message. Practicing your speech multiple times can help you refine your wording and timing. Once your content is ready, the next step is to focus on how to connect with your audience. Start by making eye contact with different parts of the audience instead of looking at your notes or the floor. Using natural gestures and moving around the stage can make you appear more confident and keep the audience engaged. Additionally, varying your tone, volume, and pace can help maintain interest. For instance, slow down when making an important point and speed up slightly during less critical sections to add variety. Asking rhetorical questions or including relatable stories can also make your speech more interactive and memorable. Even the most experienced speakers feel nervous before a speech. The key is to manage that anxiety effectively. One helpful technique is deep breathing — taking slow, deep breaths before you speak can calm your nerves. Visualizing a successful speech can also boost your confidence. Arriving early to familiarize yourself with the stage and audience can reduce uncertainty. It’s also beneficial to record yourself to identify areas for improvement. Remember, small mistakes are normal, and most audiences are supportive and understanding. Focusing on your message rather than your fear can make a significant difference. Delivering a perfect public speech involves arduous work, but with practice and these steps in mind, your next public speech can be a success. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Public speaking is important yet demanding. First, prepare the speech content by knowing your purpose, and organizing it using an introduction, body and conclusion. More practice will help. Next, engage with the audience through eye contact, gestures, varied tone, and relatable stories. Also, manage nervousness by deep breathing, visualizing, arriving early and recording yourself. Remember small mistakes are acceptable. 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了克服紧张、进行成功演讲的方法。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①Public speaking is a valuable skill that can boost your confidence and open up new opportunities. However, for many people, the thought of standing in front of an audience can be nerve-wracking. ②Before you step onto the stage, the most important thing is to prepare your speech content. Start by defining the purpose of your speech — are you informing, persuading, or entertaining? ③Organizing your speech into an introduction, body, and conclusion can make it easier for your audience to follow. ④Practicing your speech multiple times can help you refine your wording and timing. ⑤Once your content is ready, the next step is to focus on how to connect with your audience. Start by making eye contact with different parts of the audience instead of looking at your notes or the floor. ⑥Using natural gestures and moving around the stage can make you appear more confident and keep the audience engaged. Additionally, varying your tone, volume, and pace can help maintain interest.Asking rhetorical questions or including relatable stories can also make your speech more interactive and memorable. ⑦The key is to manage that anxiety effectively. One helpful technique is deep breathing — taking slow, deep breaths before you speak can calm your nerves. Visualizing a successful speech can also boost your confidence. Arriving early to familiarize yourself with the stage and audience can reduce uncertainty. It’s also beneficial to record yourself to identify areas for improvement. ⑧Remember, small mistakes are normal, and most audiences are supportive and understanding. 2. 缜密构思 将要点1、4、7、8进行重组概括，要点2和3、5和6进行整合。 3. 遣词造句 Public speaking can benefit you a lot but doing it may cause nervousness. You should make full preparations for your content, giving it a fixed goal. It is essential to communicate with the audience with proper body language. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, prepare the speech content by knowing your purpose, and organizing it using clean and effective introduction, body and conclusion.(使用了动名词knowing…和organizing…作宾语、现在分词using…作状语) 【高分句型2】Remember small mistakes are acceptable.(使用了省略that的宾语从句) IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这款新能源汽车在去年的国际车展上首次亮相。 (appearance) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This new energy vehicle made its first appearance at last year’s international auto show. 【解析】 【详解】主语“这款新能源汽车”译为名词词组this new energy vehicle；结合提示词，谓语“首次亮相”用动词短语make its first appearance，句子描述去年发生的事实，用一般过去时态；状语“在去年的国际车展上”译为介词短语at last year’s international auto show。 53. 智能手机的普及让更多人意识到网络安全的重要性。（aware）（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The widespread use of smartphones has made more people aware of the importance of cybersecurity. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，该句描述的是智能手机普及带来的影响，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果，全句使用现在完成时；表示“智能手机的普及”为The widespread use of smartphones 作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“让”为make作谓语，根据现在完成时结构，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词译为has made；表示“更多人”为more people作宾语；表示“意识到”为aware，此处使用固定搭配make sb. aware of sth.（让某人意识到某事），所以译为aware of；表示“网络安全的重要性”为the importance of cybersecurity作介词of的宾语。 54. 人们获取信息越方便，就越容易沉迷于虚拟世界，从而忽视现实中人与人之间的真实交流。 （the more... the more...） （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The more convenient it is for people to access information, the more likely they are to become addicted to the virtual world, thus neglecting genuine interpersonal communication in real life. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，全句使用一般现在时；表示“人们获取信息越方便”使用“the more... the more...”句型的前半部分，其中“方便的”为 convenient，“人们获取信息”使用形式主语it的固定句型it is for people to access information，因此前半句译为The more convenient it is for people to access information；表示“就越容易沉迷于虚拟世界”为句型后半部分，其中“可能的/容易的”为 likely，“沉迷于”为become addicted to，“虚拟世界”为the virtual world，因此后半句译为the more likely they are to become addicted to the virtual world；表示“从而忽视现实中人与人之间的真实交流”，其中“从而”为thus，“忽视”为neglect，主语people和“忽视”是主动关系，用现在分词neglecting作结果状语表前文动作引发的自然结果，“真实人际交流”对应常用表达genuine interpersonal communication，“现实中”对应in real life，因此状语部分译为thus neglecting genuine interpersonal communication in real life。 55. 尽管前路充满未知与挑战，他始终满怀信心、意志坚强，最终到达了成功的彼岸，并在这里找到了生命的价值。（where）（汉译英）_____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although the road ahead was full of uncertainties and challenges, he remained confident and strong-willed, eventually reaching the shores of success, where he discovered the value of life. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，全句使用一般过去时；表示“尽管前路充满未知与挑战”使用让步状语从句，其中“尽管”为although，位于句首，首字母需大写，“前路”为the road ahead，“充满”为be full of，“未知与挑战”为uncertainties and challenges，所以从句译为Although the road ahead was full of uncertainties and challenges；表示“他始终满怀信心、意志坚强”为主句，其中“始终”为remained，“满怀信心”为confident，“意志坚强”为strong-willed，所以主句译为he remained confident and strong-willed；表示“最终到达了成功的彼岸”作结果状语，其中“最终”为eventually，“到达”为reach，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式reaching，“成功的彼岸”为the shores of success，所以状语部分译为eventually reaching the shores of success；表示“并在这里找到了生命的价值”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the shores of success，先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以使用关系副词where引导，其中“发现”为discovered，“生命的价值”为the value of life，所以定语从句译为where he discovered the value of life。 V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。你校英文报编辑部正在征集“校园心理健康周”活动方案，目前有两个备选方案： 方案 A 方案 B 邀请心理专家做专题讲座 组织学生同伴互助小组活动 时间：周三下午 时间：周五下午 形式：全年级集中听讲 形式：小班分组交流 内容：压力管理与情绪调节 内容：分享困扰、互相支持 请你给英文报编辑部写一封邮件，内容须包括： 1）你推荐哪一个方案； 2）通过比较两个方案，说明你推荐的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Editors, I recommend Plan B, the peer support group activities, for our Mental Health Week because it gives students a chance to be heard, not just informed. Though Wednesday’s expert lecture can offer reliable advice on stress management and emotional regulation, its big audience leaves little space for personal questions. Many students may feel unwilling to talk about sensitive problems publicly. By contrast, Friday’s small-group talks let students share worries with peers under similar pressure. Knowing others have the same trouble eases loneliness, and shared coping tips bring immediate help. Listening to one another also develops trust. For better results, each group needs a trained student leader and privacy rules. A teacher can give professional help if needed, and sharing stays voluntary. With these arrangements, Plan B can start long-term mutual support among students. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份给校英文报编辑部写邮件，从两个备选活动方案中推荐其一，并对比说明推荐理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 可靠的：reliable → trustworthy 缓解：ease → relieve 帮助：help→ assistance 即时的：immediate → instant 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：By contrast, Friday’s small-group talks let students share worries with peers under similar pressure. 拓展句：By contrast, Friday’s small-group talks let students share worries with peers who are under similar pressure. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Though Wednesday’s expert lecture can offer reliable advice on stress management and emotional regulation, its big audience leaves little space for personal questions.（运用了though引导让步状语从句） 【高分句型 2】 A teacher can give professional help if needed, and sharing stays voluntary.（运用了动名词作主语，if引导的条件状语从句的省略） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 格致中学 二〇二六学年度第一学期第一次测验 高三年级 英语试卷 （测试105分钟内完成，总分115分，试后交答题卷） 温馨提示：昨天，你既然经历了艰苦的学习，今天，你必将获得可喜的收获！ 祝您：诚实守信，沉着冷静，细致踏实，自信自强，去迎接胜利！ I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Food delivery riders call on platforms to open up AI “black box” Gig economy workers are urging delivery platforms to open up the “black box” of computer-driven algorithms that determine the jobs they ____1____ (offer) and how much they are paid, blaming increased use of AI ____2____ lowering wages. A group of food delivery riders in Edinburgh have expressed concern about the fact ____3____ their rates of pay have fallen and their working conditions have deteriorated at the same time as Deliveroo, Uber Eats and Just Eat, the three dominant gig economy platforms in the UK and Ireland, have increased their use of automation. “I am making half the money I was making four years ago, for the same number of hours. It makes no sense,” said David, ____4____ food delivery rider in Edinburgh for the past seven years who did not want to share his surname. David and other food delivery riders usually share their experiences of worsening pay and conditions in the afternoon ____5____ they go their separate ways to carry food and groceries to customers’ doorsteps during the dinnertime rush. The group has come together through the Workers’ Observatory, a charity ____6____ (found) by gig economy workers alongside academics at St Andrews and Edinburgh universities, ____7____ aim is to help riders research the parts of their working experience that are mostly concealed by the companies that operate delivery platforms, to help them to improve ____8____ own working conditions. Cailean Gallagher, director of the observatory, said “there is so much infrastructure of knowledge and data that’s concealed” by the platforms’ algorithm, ____9____ (leave) gig economy riders “working in the dark”. Deliveroo described their algorithm FRANK as “super smart” and able to decide “which rider to offer which order”. The company said FRANK was “made up of machine-learning technology, which predicts the precise timings of every order”. Previously, food was delivered ____10____ (efficiently) than it is with FRANK. “The vast majority of riders are satisfied working with us, and we continue to partner with the Labor Union to raise the bar on security and wellbeing standards. Information on our algorithm and fees is set out on our rider website.” Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. agreed B. alternative C. associated D. comparison E. entirely F. obesity G. occasional H. officially I. ordinary J. removal K. simplification Why Did McDonald’s Supersized Menu Disappear? McDonald’s announced they were phasing out their signature Supersize fry and drink options in 2004, but years later, we’re still using the term to refer to something extra-large, especially when the Golden Arches are involved. Supersizing was brilliant — who doesn’t want more fries, after all — but wants and needs are two different things ____11____. The demise (终止) of the supersize was a slow thing. According to CBS News, the plan to get rid of it was announced in March 2004, with a promise that by the end of the year, no location would be handing out those giant cups that absolutely wouldn’t fit in your car’s cup holder. McDonald’s did say that it was going to return for the ____12____ promotion, giving fans of the supersize fries and drinks a little bit of hope. And so it did. Supersizing is so firmly ____13____ with American fast food that we’re still consuming it years later. But why did it once disappear, anyway? The reason McDonald’s ____14____ gave for making the decision to get rid of supersizing isn’t the one you might expect. Walt Riker, a spokesman for McDonald’s, gave only one reason during a brief statement. According to him, the driving force here was menu ____15____. Surprising, right? According to Bloomberg, McDonald’s had 145 menu items in 2013, and that’s 85 more than they had in 2007 — not too many years after supersizing disappeared. The story came around the time McDonald’s was saying goodbye to the Angus burger, and some salads, and spokesperson Danya Proud said it was nothing out of the ____16____. “We add and take out menu items all the time,” she wrote in an email. “It’s part of doing business for us and isn’t new.” So taking menu items away isn’t anything new for McDonald’s, but having a shortened menu definitely is. That might be why not too many completely ____17____ with the public reasoning. BBC linked the decision to ditch supersized items to something else — McDonald’s awareness of the ____18____ epidemic. BBC has found that the announcement of the ____19____ in the UK happened at the same time when the British government was calling on people to take a look at how they can reinvent their lifestyles to improve health on a national level. In fact, the decision to get rid of supersizing went hand-in-hand with increasing pressure being put on fast food restaurants to at least offer a healthier ____20____ to customers. They had already begun adding some of the healthier options that everyone is familiar with today, like fruit and yogurt, but at the time, they were still being heavily criticized for just how bad their food was. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The term culture now is used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team. In its original sense, however, culture ____21____ all identifying aspects of an ethnic (民族的) group, nation, or empire: its physical environment, history, and traditions, its social rules and economic structure; its religious beliefs and arts. The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another. It is for this reason that most people regard culture as ____22____ rather than inborn. People acquire a culture; they are not ____23____ with one. The process by which a person develops a ____24____ for regional foods, or an outlook on the world over time, ____25____, is known as enculturation (文化适应). Cultures are often identified by their ____26____ — images that are familiar and have meanings. Totem (图腾) poles carved with animal and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest but more accurately ____27____ specific families. In Asia and India, the color of yellow is identified with Buddhist and Hindu priests; in ancient China it was a color only for the family of the ____28____. Thus, different cultures may respond to a symbol quite ____29____. For example, to some a flag may represent pride, historical accomplishments, or ideals; to others, ____30____, it can symbolize danger or oppression. To individuals unfamiliar with cultures outside their own, the beliefs, behaviors, and artistic expression of other groups can seem ____31____ and even threatening. A society that ____32____ all other cultures with its own standards is said to be ethnocentric (民族优越感的). A strongly ethnocentric society assumes also that what is different from its own culture is likely to be ____33____ and, possibly, wrong or evil. All people are ethnocentric to some degree, and aspects of ethnocentrism, such as national pride, ____34____ a well-functioning society. An appreciation for one’s own culture, however, does not preclude (排除) acceptance and respect for another culture. History documents the long-term vigor and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and diverse cultural backgrounds live and work together. Ethnocentrism, ____35____, can lead to racism — the belief that it is race and ethnic origin that account for variations in human character or ability and that one’s own race is superior to all others. 21. A. benefits B. involves C. attracts D. neglects 22. A. learned B. created C. developed D. inherited 23. A. supplied B. exchanged C. carried D. born 24. A. style B. taste C. method D. culture 25. A. for example B. besides C. otherwise D. nevertheless 26. A. religions B. symbols C. arts D. traditions 27. A. make up B. take over C. stand for D. bring up 28. A. minister B. maid C. prisoner D. emperor 29. A. appropriately B. positively C. differently D. similarly 30. A. furthermore B. however C. thus D. also 31. A. national B. normal C. pleasant D. strange 32. A. removes B. ranks C. controls D. abandons 33. A. inferior B. productive C. traditional D. industrial 34. A. belong to B. refer to C. turn to D. contribute to 35. A. in contrast B. in particular C. as a result D. on the whole Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) An excerpt from Shoes Were for Sunday by Molly Weir One of the phrases which greatly puzzled me was “entertaining angels unaware”. How could anybody be unaware of entertaining an angel, I thought? It never occurred to me that angelic qualities could hide under very ordinary voices and in everyday bodies. My angel, as it turned out, hid inside the little figure of my school-teacher, Miss McKenzie. To me she was always a little old lady, with her grey hair framing a round rosy face and caught up in an old-fashioned bun (发髻) on top of her head. Although I enjoyed Miss McKenzie’s approval, I never really felt very close to her. It never dawned on me to ask her advice as to what I should do when I left school. Surely there was only one thing to do: get a job and earn money as quickly as possible. But Miss McKenzie had other ideas. We in our house knew nothing of scholarships for fatherless children. The idea of a child from a working-class household going to college was the very stuff of story-books. Unknown to us, she forced the headmaster to put my name forward for a special scholarship open to children who showed some promise, and who would benefit from further education. He agreed, although he was a bit worried about the expense of keeping me at college for a whole year. No earnings from me, and fares and clothes to be covered, for, of course, only the fees would be paid if I won. Miss McKenzie brushed all argument aside. To this day I can remember my complete astonishment when, on being asked if she felt I had any particular qualities, this elderly teacher banged the desk with her fist, and declared in an American idiom I never suspected she knew: “I’d stake my bottom dollar on this girl!” I trembled at the passion in her voice, and at her faith in me. “What if I fail her?” I gasped to myself. “What if she has to pay all the money back if I let her down?” I knew we hadn’t a spare dollar to repay anybody, and I was sick with a sense of responsibility in case I messed up. The time at college went by quickly. At the end of my year at college I was able to lay before her the college gold medal as the year’s top student and a whole pile of certificates. And suddenly as I gazed at her, and saw her eyes shining with pride behind the gold-rimmed glasses, I realized how widely she had thrown open the door of opportunity for me. And I knew for the first time what the phrase “entertaining angels unaware” meant. For there, standing before me in class, was my very own angel, Miss McKenzie. 36. The author’s description of Miss McKenzie in paragraphs 2 and 5 aims to ________. A. explain why she always kept a safe distance from Miss McKenzie B. contrast the inner qualities of McKenzie with her humble appearance C. emphasize that she and McKenzie both came from an ordinary family D. illustrate the influence of the strong faith Miss McKenzie had in her 37. It can be inferred from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 that ________. A. it is unlikely for children from an ordinary family to further their study in college B. going to university can help those from working-class backgrounds climb up the social ladder C. those who can only read stories do not meet the minimum requirement of college D. the author had the idea of going to college because she was inspired by some stories 38. In paragraph 6, the author felt ________ when she heard McKenzie’s passionate voice. A. shocked and encouraged B. embarrassed and reluctant C. uncertain and stressed D. worried and purposeful 39. The author’s main purpose of writing this passage is to ________. A. recall her schooldays and her past achievements B. express her gratitude to one of her school teachers C. stress the importance of equal access to education D. encourage readers to find the angels around them (B) Welcome to the best new movies! We’re adding the latest Certified Fresh films as they’re released in theaters and across streamers, so check back every week! MAN ON THE RUN (2025) Critics: Chronicling (记叙) Paul McCartney’s time spent in the creative wilderness through when he regrew his wings, Man on the Run is a lovely testament to the musical genius and his romantic partnership with Linda McCartney. Summary: In April 1970, Paul released his first solo album, McCartney, alongside a shocking press release that announced the beloved band had split. When asked what he’d do next, he said his only plan... was to grow up. Man on the Run captures Paul’s transformative decade in the wake of The Beatles’ break-up. Through stunning footage, exceptional photographs, and interviews with Mick Jagger, Chrissie Hynde, Sean Ono Lennon, Mary and Stella McCartney, all the living Wings members, and of course Paul himself, the film examines this time through a uniquely vulnerable lens. EVERYBODY TO KENMURE STREET (2026) Critics: A spirited and uplifting documentary, Everybody to Kenmure Street captures a community’s witty, determined stand against injustice through the power of collective action. Summary: Anti-establishment struggles and activism run in the veins of Glasgow inhabitants. So when in May 2021, a U.K. Home Office raid is launched, it triggers one of the most spontaneous (自发的) acts of civil resistance in recent memory. In Scotland’s most diverse neighbourhood, hundreds of residents rush to Kenmure Street to stop the deportation of their neighbours. REMAKE (2025) Critics: Remake is both McElwee’s attempt to hold onto his son, and to let him go. Summary: Filmmaker Ross McElwee has spent forty years recording himself and his family, creating documentaries that chronicle the shifting American society through the lens of personal history. His son Adrian grew up inside those films, and eventually began experimenting with the camera himself. When a Hollywood producer acquires the rights to adapt McElwee’s 1986 breakthrough SHERMAN’S MARCH into a work of fiction, twenty-year-old Adrian sees a chance for his father to finally reach a wider audience. As the adaptation stalls, Adrian gets swept into a drug addiction and dies from an overdose, leaving behind hours of personal video footage. Retracing Adrian’s final years, McElwee reflects on the lifetime behind the camera, then remixes and remakes the movie that Adrian never got to finish. 40. What can be inferred about Paul McCartney’s creative wilderness time? A. He completely stopped making music. B. He struggled before achieving new success. C. He focused on interpersonal relationships. D. He frequently collaborated with Mick Jagger. 41. The underlined phrase “run in the veins” is closest in meaning to ________. A. are ignored by B. are deeply rooted in C. are opposed to D. are controlled by 42. What do the three films have in common? A. They are all non-fictional works. B. They all feature celebrities as their core subjects. C. They all explore personal stories against public struggles. D. They were all originally scheduled for public release in 2025. (C) If you know someone with borderline personality disorder (BPD), you’re aware of how quickly they can step up from mild annoyance to outbursts of anger. However, Sonya Varma, a professor from York University, wondered, do people with BPD have problems in all aspects of this process? Could they have an as-yet-undiscovered set of emotional strengths? According to new research by Varma and her colleagues, emotion regulation involves both the internal reactions of the body and the conscious efforts people make to label those bodily feelings. This labeling process, they maintain, could make all the difference when it comes to settling back down and putting the mind back at rest. To tease apart these features of emotion regulation, Varma designed an experimental situation in which they put participants into an “emotion induction (引导)” treatment. Participants read a story about an event, such as a hit-and-run accident or the death of a pet dog, designed to evoke negative emotions. The sample included 29 participants with diagnosed BPD who were age- and sex-matched with healthy controls, and they ranged in age from 18 to 60. To examine the effect of labeling, Varma asked their participants to type their current emotional states into a computer, choosing from a set they saw on the screen. They could use the same word multiple times if they wished. If indeed people with BPD have difficulty labeling their emotions, then this fault should have been reflected in their ability to return to baseline (基点) after the negative emotion induction. However, the findings surprisingly ran counter to the research team’s expectations: People with BPD were equal to the control participants in the negativity of their expressed emotion, the intensity of that emotion, and even the words they used to describe their emotions. Although using a wider range of words following the emotion induction helped to bring about greater physiological control for all participants, there were no differences between groups in this effect. Given its role in helping restore physiological peace, it appears that regardless of whether someone has BPD or not, it can be beneficial to learn to label your emotions. When you’re starting down the pathway of experiencing a negative emotion, you can benefit by applying an accurate label to that emotion as opposed to holding it back or calling it something else. This can potentially prevent engagement in destructive behaviors that may function to down regulate emotion such as self-harm. To sum up, this new information about BPD can offer hope that at least one key element of the emotion regulation process appears to function effectively. Building on this strength could very well provide a new and unexplored pathway for their satisfaction. 43. According to paragraphs 1 and 2, people with BPD ________. A. may be good at labeling bodily feelings B. may lose their temper easily and suddenly C. encounter problems in every aspect of their life D. have emotional strengths like emotion regulation 44. The underlined phrase “tease apart” (Para 3, Line 1) is closest in meaning to ________. A. distinguish B. combine C. emphasize D. dominate 45. What can be inferred from Varma’s experiment? A. Negative emotions affect the ability to reflect. B. Healthy controls excel at regulating their mental state. C. Using a wider range of emotion words helps restore physiological calm. D. People with BPD met the research team’s expectations. 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. A new pathway of regulating emotions. B. A method of consciously labeling emotions. C. An unexpected strength of people with BPD. D. An involuntary reaction to people with BPD. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A Different Type of Phone Book Although books are still popular with teenagers, most of them spend more of their leisure time staring at their phone than reading a paperback. And the more versatile phones become, the more reasons young people have for looking at them. ___47___ Instead of publishing whole book at once, they produce very short chapters, which they send once a week to their readers by text message. Some even claim that this style of writing represents a new literary genre: the ‘cell phone novel’. Although the idea originated in Japan, cell phone novels have also sprung up in the rest of East Asia, Europe and Africa. Many are written by high school or university students who are very familiar with the topics that teenagers are interested in. Common themes are love, tragedy and betrayal, and the stories often deal with difficult or controversial issues. Twenty-one-year-old Rin said that she started her novel If You during her final year at high school and explained that was the tragic love story of two childhood friends. Rin wrote her novel over a six-month period in spare moments, often while commuting on the train. _____48_____Readers then voted her novel the best that year and she was offered book contract. Her book sold 40,000 copies and was number five in the Japanese bestseller list. Rin said that her mother had had no idea that she had been writing a novel and was therefore very surprised when she saw a book with her daughter’s name on it. The style of cell phone novels has evolved to suit the medium. Chapters have no more than 200 words, and often just 50-100 words. _____49_____ The text mostly consists of dialogue and the language is direct, conveying a lot in a few words. Many cell phone novelists had never written fiction before and many of their readers have never read normal novel. Other rules have evolved; for example, authors only have one name and that is a pseudonym or pen name. In 2009, a young Japanese writer called Takatsu, who lives in Canada, began writing the first English language cell phone novel, Secondhand Memories. Each instalment appeared on textnovel.com, a website dedicated to cell phone stories. Takatsu had read an English translation of Rin’s story If You and had been impressed by its simple and emotional language. It was a feature he deliberately copied when he started writing Secondhand Memories. _____50_____ He now believes that, in English, cell phone novels have a powerful and poetic identity of their own. Takatsu sees himself, and the other writers who contribute to textnovel.com, as part of a literary movement which blends drama, technology, pop culture and social media. Cell phone novels encourage young people to engage in fiction, even those who would not normally pick up a book. They could be described as teen novels for the 21st century. A. Books are sometimes regarded as old-fashioned and difficult to read. B. In response to this trend, some smart young authors have changed the way they write. C. However, as the story progressed, the style gradually evolved into something different. D. She typed out installments on her phone and uploaded them onto a popular website for cell phone authors. E. No money is made from cell phone novels unless they are published as books. F. Sentences are short and there are no descriptions of anything or anybody because there isn’t space. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Public speaking is a valuable skill that can boost your confidence and open up new opportunities. However, for many people, the thought of standing in front of an audience can be nerve-wracking. You might wonder how to organize your thoughts, engage your audience, or control your nervousness. This article will guide you through the process of delivering a perfect public speech. Before you step onto the stage, the most important thing is to prepare your speech content. Start by defining the purpose of your speech — are you informing, persuading, or entertaining? Once you have a clear goal, brainstorm key points that support your main idea. Organizing your speech into an introduction, body, and conclusion can make it easier for your audience to follow. In the introduction, grab the audience’s attention with a question, a story, or a surprising fact. The body should contain two or three main points, each supported by examples, data, or anecdotes. Finally, conclude with a strong closing statement that reinforces your message. Practicing your speech multiple times can help you refine your wording and timing. Once your content is ready, the next step is to focus on how to connect with your audience. Start by making eye contact with different parts of the audience instead of looking at your notes or the floor. Using natural gestures and moving around the stage can make you appear more confident and keep the audience engaged. Additionally, varying your tone, volume, and pace can help maintain interest. For instance, slow down when making an important point and speed up slightly during less critical sections to add variety. Asking rhetorical questions or including relatable stories can also make your speech more interactive and memorable. Even the most experienced speakers feel nervous before a speech. The key is to manage that anxiety effectively. One helpful technique is deep breathing — taking slow, deep breaths before you speak can calm your nerves. Visualizing a successful speech can also boost your confidence. Arriving early to familiarize yourself with the stage and audience can reduce uncertainty. It’s also beneficial to record yourself to identify areas for improvement. Remember, small mistakes are normal, and most audiences are supportive and understanding. Focusing on your message rather than your fear can make a significant difference. Delivering a perfect public speech involves arduous work, but with practice and these steps in mind, your next public speech can be a success. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这款新能源汽车在去年的国际车展上首次亮相。 (appearance) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________ 53. 智能手机的普及让更多人意识到网络安全的重要性。（aware）（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 54. 人们获取信息越方便，就越容易沉迷于虚拟世界，从而忽视现实中人与人之间的真实交流。 （the more... the more...） （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 55. 尽管前路充满未知与挑战，他始终满怀信心、意志坚强，最终到达了成功的彼岸，并在这里找到了生命的价值。（where）（汉译英）_____________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。你校英文报编辑部正在征集“校园心理健康周”活动方案，目前有两个备选方案： 方案 A 方案 B 邀请心理专家做专题讲座 组织学生同伴互助小组活动 时间：周三下午 时间：周五下午 形式：全年级集中听讲 形式：小班分组交流 内容：压力管理与情绪调节 内容：分享困扰、互相支持 请你给英文报编辑部写一封邮件，内容须包括： 1）你推荐哪一个方案； 2）通过比较两个方案，说明你推荐的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $