精品解析：上海市黄浦区敬业中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

2024学年第一学期敬业中学 高三阶段检测英语试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. S & A’s plan to fight theft The S&A Supermarket is the only place where residents in Boise can go shopping. It’s also the most frequently _____1_____ (visit) shop for local police. In the first six months of 2016, 14% of the city’s reports originated there, most for shopping (商店货物扒窃) — a figure that would be even higher if S&A called the police for every minor theft. _____2_____ (ease) that burden and reduce shopping losses, S&A is starting to do police work. Earlier this summer, 90 employees _____3_____ (hire) to guard its doors and check receipts. As part of a program called Justice, they will work with existing employees to manage some small crimes internally. If an employee catches a thief _____4_____ name is not in the police database — that is, a first-time offender — that person will get a choice: pay to take an online course about the consequences of their actions, or face charges. This idea, according to S & A, is to educate lawbreakers _____5_____ involving the police. But the efforts _____6_____ (raise) concerns. For one, it’s unclear _____7_____ the online courses are as helpful as they seem. It is because one of the administrative organizations is being accused of both overcharging and falsely _____8_____ (send) so-called shoplifters to prison. And _____9_____ there are extra staff members, S & A will remain difficult to secure because of its size and accessibility, especially during late-night hours, when fewer employees are working. Still, there are signs _____10_____ the program could work. The local police department says the program reduced police calls to the store by 40.5% from last October through July. But something truly transformational will likely take years — and more police runs in the meantime. 【答案】1. visited 2. To ease 3. were hired 4. whose 5. without 6. have raised 7. whether 8. sending 9. even if 10. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了S&A超市通过雇佣员工管理内部小型犯罪，并提供在线课程给初次犯罪者以减轻警务负担和减少超市盗窃的计划。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这也是当地警察最常光顾的商店。空处作定语修饰名词shop，visit与shop之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式visited“光顾的”作定语。故填visited。 2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减轻这种负担并减少购物损失，S&A开始从事警察工作。句中已有谓语is starting，空处作非谓语动词，且结合语意，S&A开始从事警察工作，是为了减轻负担和购物损失，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作目的状语，to置于句首，首字母大写。故填To ease。 【3题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：今年夏天早些时候，雇佣了90名员工守卫其大门并检查收据。根据时间状语Earlier this summer可知，句子使用一般过去时，hire与主语90 employees之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是90 employees，be动词使用were。故填were hired。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：如果一名员工抓到一名名字不在警察数据库中的小偷，即第一次犯罪者，该人将有一个选择：付费参加关于其行为后果的在线课程，否则将面临指控。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词thief ，关系词修饰名词name，在从句中作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 【5题详解】 考查介词。句意：根据S&A的说法，这个想法是在不涉及警察的情况下教育违法者。根据上文“that person will get a choice: pay to take an online course about the consequences of their actions, or face charges”可知，此处表示不涉及警察，空处应用介词，后接动名词作宾语，表示“没有，不用”。故填without。 【6题详解】 考查时态。句意：但这些努力引起了人们的担忧。句子描述过去的情况对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，主语是efforts，谓语动词使用have raised。故填have raised。 【7题详解】 考查连词。句意：其一，目前尚不清楚在线课程是否像看起来那样有用。根据句中unclear可推知，此处表示不清楚是否有用，空处应用whether引导主语从句，表示“是否”，其中it作形式主语，符合题意。故填whether。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为其中一个行政机构被指控对所谓的入店行窃者收取过高费用并错误地将其送入监狱。空处与overcharging并列，作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填sending。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：即使有额外的工作人员，S&A仍将很难确保安全，因为它的规模和可达性，尤其是在深夜，因为工作的员工越来越少。根据句中“S & A will remain difficult to secure”以及语意可知，此处表示即使有额外的工作人员也很难确保安全，空处应用even if，表示“即使”，符合题意。故填even if。 【10题详解】 考查连词。句意：尽管如此，有迹象表明该计划可能会奏效。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明此抽象名词signs，从句中不缺少成分和意义，应用that引导从句。故填that。 Section B Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. committed B. compared C. contact D. delegation E. destructive F. humble G. negotiate H. respelled I. similar J. superiors K. witnessed Some Very “American” Words Come from Chinese Many of the Chinese words that are now part of English were borrowed long ago. Some are from Cantonese (广东话) . The English word kowtow is a verb that means to agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems ___11___ . It comes from the Cantonese word kau tau, which refers to the act of kneeling and lowering one’s head as a sign of respect to ___12___ . In 1793, Britain’s King sent Lord George Macartney and other tradesmen to China to ___13___ a trade agreement. The Chinese asked them to kowtow to the emperor. Lord Macartney refused for his ___14___ to do more than bend their knees. Soon after, the English word “Kowtow” was born. Another borrowed word that came about through ___15___ between two nations is gung- ho. In English, the word gung- ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing something. The Chinese characters “gōng” and “hé” together mean “work together, cooperate”. The original term — gōngyè hézuòshè — means Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. Evans Carlson of the United States Marine Corps observed these cooperatives while in China. He was impressed, saying “... all the soldiers ___16___ themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over.” He then began using the term gung- ho in the Marine Corps to try to create the same spirit he had ___17___ . In English, a typhoon is a very powerful and ___18___ storm that occurs around the China Sea and in the South Pacific. According to the Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories, the first typhoons reported in the English language were in India and were called “touffons”. Later, when English ships encountered violent storms in the China Sea, Englishmcn. learned the Cantonese word taifung, which means “great wind.” It is a coincidence that the word is ___19___ to tourifon. The modern form of the word — typhoon — was influenced by the Cantonese but ____20____ to make it appear more Greek. 【答案】11. F 12. J 13. G 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. K 18. E 19. I 20. H 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个来自中文的英语单词，它们的来源、含义以及它们如何进入英语语言。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：英语单词kowtow是一个动词，意思是太容易同意做别人想让你做的事，或者以一种显得卑微的方式服从有权力的人。空格处应填形容词作表语，humble“卑微的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：它来自粤语单词kau tau，指的是跪下并低头作为对上级表示尊重的行为。空格处应填名词作介词to的宾语，superiors“上级”为名词，符合句意。故选J项。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：1793年，英国国王派遣乔治·马戛尔尼勋爵和其他商人前往中国谈判一项贸易协议。空格处应填动词原形与to构成不定式作目的状语，negotiate“谈判”为动词，符合句意。故选G项。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：马戛尔尼勋爵拒绝让他的代表团做超过弯曲膝盖的事情。空格处应填名词作介词for的宾语，delegation“代表团”为名词，符合句意。故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：另一个通过两国之间接触而产生的借词是gung-ho。空格处应填名词作介词through的宾语，contact“接触”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：他说：“所有士兵都全身心投入到一个想法中，并共同努力实现这个想法。”根据下文“to one idea and worked together to put that idea over(……到一个想法中，并共同努力实现这个想法)”可知，空格处应填表示“全身心投入”含义的表达，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，句子使用一般过去时，构成固定搭配commit oneself to，意为“致力于”，符合句意。故选A项。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：他开始在海军陆战队使用这个词，试图创造他所目睹的那种精神。空格处应填动词过去分词形式，与空前的had构成过去完成时，定语从句修饰先行词the same spirit，witnessed“目睹”为动词过去分词，符合句意。故选K项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在英语中，台风是一种在中国南海和南太平洋地区发生的非常强大且具有破坏性的风暴。空格处应填形容词作定语修饰storm，destructive“具有破坏性的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：巧合的是，这个词与tourifon相似。空格处应填形容词作表语，similar“相似的”为形容词，符合句意。故选I项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：现代形式的单词——台风——受到了粤语的影响，但被重新拼写以使其看起来更像希腊语。空格处应填动词过去分词与was构成被动语态，respelled“重新拼写”为动词过去分词，符合句意。故选H项。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don’t drink beer or drive around with their dates. ___21___ , they stick to activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books. They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as signs of passage into ___22___ . The study found that the percentage of adolescents in America who have a driver’s license, who have tried alcohol, who date and who work for pay has dropped since 1976, with the most dramatic ___23___ in the past decade. To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the ___24___ have slimmed considerably. Between 1976, 86 percent of high school seniors had gone on a date; between 2010 and 2015, only 63 percent had, the study found. “People say, ‘Oh, it’s because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring,’ but they’re ___25___ the larger trend,” said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study. Instead, she said, youths may be less ___26___ activities such as dating or driving because in today’s society, they no longer need to be. According to an evolutionary-psychology theory, a person’s life strategy slows down or speeds up depending on the person’s ___27___ . Thus, exposure to a fierce and unpredictable environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the ___28___ effect. In the first ___29___ , “you’d have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more ____30____ and fewer resources,” said Twenge. A century ago, when life expectancy was lower and college education less common, “the goal back then was survival, not violin lessons by 5,” Twenge said. In that model, a teenage boy might be thinking more ____31____ about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important. But the United States is shifting more toward the ____32____ model, and the change is apparent in socioeconomic terms, Twenge said. “Even in families whose parents have never been to college, the idea that children need to be carefully ____33____ has become widely accepted.” The ____34____ of “adult activities” could not be due to more homework or after-school activities, the study said, nothing that teens today spend fewer hours on homework than they did in the 1990s and the same amount of time on after-school activities. Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the ____35____, the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. 21. A. Rather B. Consequently C. Moreover D. Unfortunately 22. A. adolescence B. work C. schooling D. adulthood 23. A. effects B. conflicts C. decreases D. costs 24. A. options B. majorities C. responsibilities D. resources 25. A. predicting B. challenging C. analyzing D. missing 26. A. interested in B. distracted from C. particular about D. disappointed in 27. A. contributions B. virtues C. surroundings D. outlooks 28. A. equivalent B. opposite C. insignificant D. immediate 29. A. round B. place C. strategy D. case 30. A. disease B. opportunities C. properties D. benefits 31. A. regretfully B. hesitantly C. seriously D. innovatively 32. A. smarter B. slower C. more scientific D. more responsible 33. A. observed B. organized C. selected D. educated 34. A. arrangement B. implementation C. postponement D. promotion 35. A. cause B. burden C. trend D. pattern 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了青少年参与传统成人活动（如开车、约会、饮酒和工作）的趋势下降的现象，并探讨了可能的原因。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们坚持诸如攀岩或谈论书籍之类的活动。A. Rather相反；B. Consequently因此；C. Moreover此外；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据上文“they don’t drink beer or drive around with their dates.”以及下文“they stick to activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.”可知，青少年的活动与传统的活动不同，此处表示转折，故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究表明，青少年越来越推迟长期以来被视为进入成年的标志的活动。A. adolescence青春期；B. work工作；C. schooling学校教育；D. adulthood成年。根据下文“who have a driver’s license, who have tried alcohol, who date and who work for pay”可知，下文说的是成年人的标志，可推理出这些活动被视为进入成年的标志。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究发现，自1976年以来，美国青少年拥有驾照、尝试过酒精、约会和有偿工作的比例一直在下降，过去十年下降最为显著。A. effects影响；B. conflicts冲突；C. decreases减少；D. costs花费。根据前文“The study found that the percentage of adolescents in America who have a driver’s license, who have tried alcohol, who date and who work for pay has dropped since 1976”可知，研究发现，自1976年以来，美国青少年拥有驾照、尝试过酒精、约会和有偿工作的比例一直在下降，过去十年下降最为显著，可推理出此处指这些活动的“减少”，故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，超过一半的青少年仍然参与这些活动，但参与的人数已大大减少。A. options选择；B. majorities多数；C. responsibilities责任；D. resources资源。根据前文“more than half of teens still engage in these activities”可知，上文说的是超过一半的青少年仍然参与这些活动，可推理出此处指参与这些活动的“多数”人已经减少，故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“人们说，‘哦，这是因为青少年更负责任，或者更懒惰，或者更无聊，’但他们忽略了更大的趋势，”该研究的首席作者Jean Twenge说。A. predicting预测；B. challenging挑战；C. analyzing分析；D. missing错过，忽略。根据下文“activities such as dating or driving because in today’s society, they no longer need to be”可知，下文说的是在今天的社会中，青少年不再对诸如约会以及驾驶这样的活动感兴趣，可推理出此处指人们“忽略了”更大的趋势，故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：相反，她说，年轻人可能对约会或驾驶等活动不太感兴趣，因为在当今社会，他们不再需要这样做。A. interested in对……感兴趣；B. distracted from分心于；C. particular about对……挑剔；D. disappointed in对……失望。根据后文“because in today’s society, they no longer need to be”可知，在当今社会不再需要这些活动，可推理出此处说的是年轻人对此“不太感兴趣”，故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据进化心理学理论，一个人的生活策略会根据个人所处的环境而放缓或加速。A. contributions贡献；B. virtues美德；C. surroundings环境；D. outlooks观点。根据后文“Thus, exposure to a fierce and unpredictable environment leads to faster development”可知，下文说的是暴露在严酷且不可预测的环境中会加速发展，可推理出此处指个人所处的“环境”，故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，暴露在激烈且不可预测的环境中会导致更快的发展，而资源更丰富、更安全的环境则会产生相反的效果。A. equivalent相等的；B. opposite相反的；C. insignificant无关紧要的；D. immediate立即的。根据上文“exposure to a fierce and unpredictable environment leads to faster development” 以及下文“while a more resource-rich and secure environment”可知，暴露在严酷且不可预测的环境中会加速发展，可推理出此处说的是资源更丰富、更安全的环境会产生相反的效果。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在第一种情况下，“你会有很多孩子，处于生存模式，早早地开始生孩子，期望你的孩子也会早早地生孩子，并且期望会有更多的疾病和更少的资源，”Twenge说。A. round轮次；B. place地方；C. strategy策略；D. case情况。根据下文“you’d have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more”可知，此处是在描述一种“情况”，故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disease疾病；B. opportunities机会；C. properties财产；D. benefits好处。根据上文“you’d have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more”可知，上文说的是一种人多且资源有限的生存模式，可推理出此处指在生存模式下，会有更多的“疾病”和更少的资源，故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那种模式下，一个十几岁的男孩可能会更认真地考虑婚姻，而开车和工作赚钱会很重要。A. regretfully遗憾地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. seriously认真地；D. innovatively创新地。根据后文“driving a car and working for pay would be important”可知，下文说的是男孩子认为开车和工作赚钱会很重要，可推理出此处指男孩会“认真地”考虑婚姻，故选C项。 32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是美国正在向更慢的模式转变，这种变化在社会经济方面是显而易见的，Twenge说。A. smarter 更聪明的；B. slower 更慢的；C. more scientific 更科学的；D. more responsible 更负责任的。根据下文“Even in families whose parents have never been to college, the idea that children need to be carefully __13__ has become widely accepted”可知，下文说的是即使是没有上过大学的父母也广泛认为良好的教育是可接受的，再结合以上列举的两种情况可知，此处指美国正在向“更慢”的模式转变，故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“即使在父母从未上过大学的家庭中，孩子需要精心教育的观念也已被广泛接受。”A. observed观察；B. organized组织；C. selected选择；D. educated教育。根据上文“Even in families whose parents have never been to college, the idea that children need to be carefully__13__ has become widely accepted”可知，上文说的是即使是没有上过大学的父母也广泛认可更慢的模式，可推理出此处说的是孩子需要精心教育的观念已被广泛接受。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究称，“成人活动” 的推迟不可能是由于更多的家庭作业或课外活动造成的，因为如今的青少年花在家庭作业上的时间比上世纪 90 年代少，花在课外活动上的时间相同。A. arrangement安排；B. implementation实施；C. postponement推迟；D. promotion推广。根据上文“Even in families whose parents have never been to college, the idea that children need to be carefully__13__ has become widely accepted”可知，上文说的是即使是没有上过大学的父母也广泛认可更慢的模式，在这种模式下，青少年不再需要诸如约会以及驾驶这样的活动，可推理出此处指的是 “成人活动” 的推迟。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该报告称，智能手机和互联网的使用并非完全是导致这一现象的原因，因为这种下降在他们广泛使用之前就开始了。A. cause原因；B. burden负担；C. trend趋势；D. pattern模式。根据下文“since the decline began before they were widely available.”可知，下文说的是这种下降在它们广泛使用之前就开始了，可推理出此处说的是智能手机和互联网的使用并非完全是导致这一现象的原因，故选A项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When a senior manager sits down with a prospective employee for an in-person interview, the preferred questions often stick to the applicant’s interest in the position and company, according to a survey by staffing firm Accountemps. But questions can sometimes be a bit more... wacky. “What kind of animals would you be?” is one of the unique questions mentioned by senior managers in the survey. It is a way to keep interviewees on their feet and stimulate interesting discussion. However, such questions are asked less frequently, the research shows. Just 6 percent of senior managers said their favorite questions to ask are theoretical questions, the lowest total except for “other, ” which also came in at 6 percent. A lot of senior managers said their favorite questions are ones “relating to the position or company,” at 39 percent. These questions include “Why do you want to work here?”, “What do you know about this company?” etc. They are meant to determine if candidates have done their homework and how enthusiastic they are about the position. Questions about “previous or current experience” were referred to by 22 percent of senior managers as their favorite type of question. These inquiries — “Why did you leave your last job?” and “What did you like or dislike about your last job?” for instance — are meant to look into applicants’ work history patterns and their overall fit for the position. Further down the list, 18 percent of senior managers’ favorite questions had to do with personalities and characteristics. They prefer, for example, “What are your strengths and weaknesses?” and “What’ re your hobbies?”. And 10 percent had to do with personal goals and interests (“Where do you see yourself in five or 10 years?”) . That means that managers strongly prefer to ask candidates questions about their interest in the position and work history. But there’s always room for a sudden surprise. 36. In this passage, the word “wacky” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to “_________”. A. common B. aggressive C. inevitable D. weird 37. According to the survey, senior managers’ most preferred questions are meant to find out _________. A. what work experience candidates had B. how well- prepared candidates are C. what candidates are most interested in D. how knowledgeable candidates are 38. What will senior managers ask to determine low suitable a candidate is for the position? A. What kind of animal would you be? B. Why do you want to work here? C. What did you like or dislike about your last job? D. Where do you see yourself in five or 10 years? 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. Interview questions favoured by managers. B. Managers’ attitudes to interview questions. C. How managers prepare interview questions. D. How managers make interview questions interesting. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项关于高级经理在面试中喜欢提问的问题类型的调查结果，包括不同类型问题的目的以及经理们最倾向的问题类型。 【36题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“When a senior manager sits down with a prospective employee for an in-person interview, the preferred questions often stick to the applicant's interest in the position and company(当一位高级经理与潜在员工进行面对面面试时，他们喜欢问的问题通常集中在应聘者对该职位和公司的兴趣上)”以及第二段““What kind of animals would you be? ” is one of the unique questions mentioned by senior managers in the survey.(“你希望成为哪种动物？”这是调查中高级经理提到的一个独特问题。)”可知，高级经理在面试时通常会问一些关于应聘者对职位和公司的兴趣的问题，但有时问题可能会有点不同寻常。“weird”意为“奇怪的；怪异的”，与“wacky” 意思最为接近。故选D项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“These questions include “Why do you want to work here?”, “What do you know about this company?” etc. They are meant to determine if candidates have done their homework and how enthusiastic they are about the position(这些问题包括“你为什么想在这里工作？”，“你对这家公司了解多少？”等。它们旨在确定候选人是否做好了准备以及他们对这个职位的热情程度如何)”可知，高级经理最喜欢问的问题是与职位或公司相关的问题，目的是确定应聘者是否做了准备以及他们对职位的热情程度。即这些问题是为了了解应聘者准备得有多充分。故选B项。 38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Questions about “previous or current experience” were referred to by 22 percent of senior managers as their favorite type of question. These inquiries — “Why did you leave your last job?” and “What did you like or dislike about your last job?” for instance — are meant to look into applicants’ work history patterns and their overall fit for the position(关于“以前或当前经历”的问题被22%的高级管理人员认为是他们最喜欢的问题类型。这些问题，例如“你为什么离开上一份工作？”和“你喜欢或不喜欢上一份工作的哪些方面？”旨在探究申请人的工作历史模式以及他们与职位的整体匹配度)”可知，高级经理会问关于应聘者上一份工作的喜欢或不喜欢之处等问题来确定应聘者是否适合这个职位。故选C项。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When a senior manager sits down with a prospective employee for an in- person interview, the preferred questions often stick to the applicant’s interest in the position and company, according to a survey by staffing firm Accountemps. But questions can sometimes be a bit more... wacky.( 当一位高级经理与潜在员工进行面对面的面试时，根据人事公司Accountemps的一项调查，他们喜欢问的问题通常围绕申请者对职位和公司的兴趣。但有时候问题可能会有些古怪)”、第二段““What kind of animals would you be?” is one of the unique questions mentioned by senior managers in the survey.(“你希望成为哪种动物？”这是调查中高级经理提到的一个独特问题)”以及最后一段“That means that managers strongly prefer to ask candidates questions about their interest in the position and work history. But there’s always room for a sudden surprise(这意味着经理们更喜欢询问候选人关于他们对职位的兴趣和工作历史的问题。但总有可能出现意外情况)”可知，文章主要介绍了高级经理在面试中喜欢提问的问题类型，包括与职位或公司相关的问题、关于工作经验的问题、关于个性和特点的问题以及关于个人目标和兴趣的问题等。所以这篇文章主要是关于经理们喜欢的面试问题。故选A项。 (B) 2022 Spring Evaluation Schedule for Learn To Skate MT. KENT ICE CENTER*900 MOON AVENUE*LEVARD CITY, RI 02916 (103) 561-4363 www.mtkent.org WHO: Skaters of all ages and abilities Any Preschool Kindergarten-aged child who has never taken lessons at the Mt. Kent Ice Center needs to make an appointment to be evaluated. Anyone first grade or above does not need an evaluation. The online registration feature does not apply to the registration for evaluation. EVALUATIONS: Evaluations help to determine both readiness and class placement. Upon Completion of the evaluation, it is recommended that you register for classes with a coach in the ice center office. A variety of days and times for the evaluations are also listed online and at the Ice Center. Evaluation registration may be done in person or by phone at 103-561-4363. EVALUATION DATES AND TIME DAY EVALUATION DATES TIME EVALUATION FEE Saturday March 5, 2022 12:00p.m. $5.00 Sunday March 6, 2022 12:00p.m. $5.00. Monday March 7, 2022 10:00a.m. or 1:00p, m. $5.00 Wednesday March 9, 2022 10:00a.m. or 1:00p.m. $5.00 Thursday March 10, 2022 10:00a.m. or 1:00p.m. $5.00 Additional days and times may be added — to be determined by Management REFUND POLICY: Refund requests must be made a minimum of 7 days before the scheduled appointment. See www.mtkent.org for details. EVALUATION REGISTRATION: In person — Stop by the Mt. Kent Recreation Center, ground floor, Monday through Saturday 9:00-11:00 a.m., Sunday 1:00-4:00 p.m. By phone — Call the Ice Center at (103)561-4363 to schedule your skating evaluation appointment QUESTIONS: Please call the Mt. Kent Ice Center staff at (103)561-4363 KentALERT — A FREE notification service (phone, text, e-mail). In the event of an emergency and to provide you with updates about cancellations and recreation department programs and events. Please visit www.mtkent.ong, browse Services at the top of the page. Under Information Technology Office, click KentALERT. All recreation participants should sign up, and at minimum select the “Cancellation category.” 40. The passage is primarily intended to ________. A. introduce an evaluation schedule B. tell readers about a notification service C. recommend an ice center D. advertise a skating programme 41. If Maria wants to complete the evaluation registration for her son, she’d better go to the Mt. Kent Recreation Center ________ before the end of the evaluation dates. A. at 11:00 a.m. on Sunday B. at 10:00 a.m. on Tuesday C. at 4:00 p.m. on Friday D. at 1:00 p.m. on Monday 42. Which of the following statements is true? A. Any kindergarten-aged child must take an appointment to be evaluated. B. Refunds should be claimed within seven days after the registration. C. You can go to www.mtkent.org to complete the registration for evaluation. D. You will be informed of any cancellation after signing up for KentALERT. 【答案】40. A 41. B 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍2022年春季滑冰培训班的评估日程安排。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，根据文章开头“2022 Spring Evaluation Schedule for Learn To Skate(2022年春季学习滑冰评估日程安排)”可知，本文的目的是介绍一项评估日程安排。故选A项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据EVALUATION REGISTRATION:(评估登记)下列内容中“In person — Stop by the Mt. Kent Recreation Center, ground floor, Monday through Saturday 9:00-11:00 a.m., Sunday 1:00-4:00 p.m. (当面评估登记的时间为：周一至周六上午9:00-11:00，周日下午1:00-4:00，在肯特山娱乐中心的一楼)”并结合选项可知，如果Maria想为她的儿子完成评估登记，她最好在评估日期结束前的星期二上午10点去肯特山娱乐中心。故选B项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“KentALERT—A FREE notification service (phone, text, e-mail). In the event of an emergency and to provide you with updates about cancellations and recreation department programs and events. (KentALERT——免费通知服务（电话、短信、电子邮件）。在紧急情况下，为您提供有关取消娱乐部门节目和活动的最新消息)”可知，在注册KentALERT后，您将被告知任何有关取消预订的通知消息。故选D项。 (C) The budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers can understand without a need for graphs and equations (图表及等式) — it’s the household budget, for example. Taken informally, the budget line describes the line of affordability for a given budget and specific goods. This same concept — one that most consumers make many times each day with reflection on it — is the basis of the more formal budget line concept in economics. One of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economics theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept — a consumer’s informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy. In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation or a graph that can be applied generally. To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical axis (众轴) quantifies how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal axis does the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set. If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above “0” on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books — the number of books available in this example is 0. You can also graph the other extreme — all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10. You’ll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets. If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you’ll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not. 43. What is this passage mainly about? A. Guidelines for household purchase. B. The description of a daily phenomenon. C. Ways of presenting research data. D. The explanation of an economic concept. 44. The author uses the purchase of movie tickets and crime novels as an example of _________. A. the formalization of the budget line B. the formation of vertical and horizontal axes C. an informal understanding of the budget line D. a combination of budget set 45. What can be inferred from the passage about the budget line? A. The dots showing the maximum use of a budget can only be found on it. B. It is intended to indicate one’s household needs for specific goods. C. Graphs can interpret it more precisely than equations. D. It is used to explain consumers’ shopping habits. 46. In the example mentioned in the passage, if you want to buy 10 movie tickets and 10 crime novels with the same budget, where should you make the dot? A. On the horizontal axis. B. On the vertical axis. C. Above the budget line. D. Below the budget line. 【答案】43. D 44. A 45. A 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了预算线这一经济概念，通过购买电影票和犯罪小说的例子来说明预算线的含义和应用。 【43题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers can understand without a need for graphs and equations (图表及等式) — it’s the household budget, for example. Taken informally, the budget line describes the line of affordability for a given budget and specific goods. This same concept—one that most consumers make many times each day with reflection on it — is the basis of the more formal budget line concept in economics(这个预算线是一个基础概念，大多数消费者都能理解，而不需要图表和等式——例如家庭预算。非正式地说，预算线描述了给定预算和特定商品的负担能力线。这个概念——大多数消费者每天都在反复思考的——是经济学中更正式的预算线概念的基础)”以及最后一段“If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you’ll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not(如果你现在从最左边的最高点画一条线到最右边的最低点，你就创建了一个预算线。任何位于预算线下方的电影和犯罪小说的组合都是可负担得起的。而任何位于它上方的组合则是不可负担的)”可知，文章开头介绍了预算线的基本概念，接着通过购买电影票和犯罪小说的例子进一步阐述了预算线这一经济概念，所以这篇文章主要是关于一个经济概念的解释，故选D项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation or a graph that can be applied generally. To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical axis quantifies how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal axis does the same for crime novels(在形式化过程中，概念可以表达为一个数学方程式或一个通用的图表。要理解这一点，想象一个图表，其中纵轴量化了你可以购买的电影票数量，而横轴则对犯罪小说进行了同样的量化)”可知，作者用购买电影票和犯罪小说的例子来说明预算线的形式化，故选A项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left- hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above “0” on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books—the number of books available in this example is 0.(如果每部电影花费10美元，那么用现有的钱最多可以看15部电影。为了记录这一点，你在图表的最左边（表示总的电影票数）标记一个点。同样的点会出现在水平轴上“0”的正上方，因为你没有剩余的钱买书——在这个例子中，可购得的书的数量是0)”和第五段“You can also graph the other extreme—all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10. You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets(您也可以绘制另一个极端情况——只购买犯罪小说而不购买电影。由于示例中的犯罪小说每本15美元，而您有150美元可用，如果您将所有可用资金都用于购买犯罪小说，您可以购买10本。因此，在水平轴上的数字10处放置一个点。您将在垂直轴的底部放置这个点，因为在这种情况下，您没有剩余的钱购买电影票)”的内容可知，图表上表示预算最大使用情况的点只能在预算线上找到，故选A项。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“You can also graph the other extreme—all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10. You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets(您也可以绘制另一个极端情况——只购买犯罪小说而不购买电影。由于示例中的犯罪小说每本15美元，而您有150美元可用，如果您将所有可用资金都用于购买犯罪小说，您可以购买10本。因此，在水平轴上的数字10处放置一个点。您将在垂直轴的底部放置这个点，因为在这种情况下，您没有剩余的钱购买电影票)”可知，预算线以下的组合是可负担得起的，预算线以上的组合则不可负担。如果用相同的预算购买10张电影票和10本犯罪小说，那么花费的钱会超过预算，可推理出应该在预算线以上做标记，故选C项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Magazine Articles: More Valuable Than You May Think Parents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines. They feel their kids’ reading abilities have been underestimated. ___47___ Magazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively writing style that can inspire them to read more. ___48___ So a child can finish reading an article without losing interest due to a short attention span (持续时间) . The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read, especially if it is a children’s publication. By allowing children to read magazines at an early age, parents are encouraging development of a useful skill. Magazines and newspapers provide adults with critical news. Getting into the habit of reading magazines as a child will develop the lifelong habit of reading news articles. ___49___ Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view. Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable. Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend. When reading magazines together, family members get to learn about each other’s interest. ___50___ Once each family member has finished reading each magazine, parents can even design art and writing projects for the whole family to work on. All in all, magazines are valuable for many people, but in particular to children. The skills that they use and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to further study. Encouraging children to read magazines could change them from a reluctant reader to a lover of reading. A. Reading magazines enables children to be exposed to various subjects. B. Instead, it is necessary to introduce their kids to a wide range of books as well as magazines. C. The benefits of reading magazine articles can be achieved through school activities. D. Children can pass a magazine on to a brother or sister when they finish reading it. E. However, reading magazines offers many benefits to young readers. F. The articles in magazines are generally short. 【答案】47. E 48. F 49. A 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阅读杂志对儿童的益处。文章从不同方面阐述了阅读杂志能激发孩子的阅读兴趣，培养他们的阅读技能，并帮助他们接触不同的主题和观点。 【47题详解】 根据上文“Parents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines. They feel their kids’ reading abilities have been underestimated.(当老师们建议孩子们读杂志时，家长们往往很惊讶。他们觉得孩子们的阅读能力被低估了。)”以及下文“Magazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively writing style that can inspire them to read more.(杂志文章可以为不喜欢读书的人提供一种生动的写作风格，可以激励他们读更多的书。)”可知，上文提到家长们觉得孩子们的阅读能力被低估了，下文则指出杂志文章能激励孩子们读更多的书，由此可知，空处应当是在指出读杂志对年轻读者有很多好处，E项“However, reading magazines offers many benefits to young readers.(然而，阅读杂志对年轻读者有许多好处)”符合语境，故选E项。 【48题详解】 根据后文“So a child can finish reading an article without losing interest due to a short attention span (持续时间).(所以，一个孩子可以读完一篇文章，不会因为注意力持续时间短而失去兴趣。)”可知，空处应说明杂志文章的特点，指出孩子可以读完一篇文章，F项“The articles in magazines are generally short.(杂志中的文章通常很短)”说明杂志文章的特点促使孩子可以读完整篇文章，选项中short与后文“a short attention span”相呼应，符合语境，故选F项。 【49题详解】 根据后文“Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view. Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable.(杂志文章挑战学生思考他们可能从未考虑过的问题，或者促使他们重新思考自己的世界观。由于杂志面向各种可以想象的读者群体，因此提供的信息涵盖了广泛的阅读水平。)”可知，杂志可以将各种信息提供给各种阅读水平的读者，促使孩子思考，空处也应说明读杂志文章的好处，A项“Reading magazines enables children to be exposed to various subjects.(读杂志能让孩子们接触到各种各样的主题。)”符合语境，故选A项。 【50题详解】 根据上文“When reading magazines together, family members get to learn about each other's interest.(当一起读杂志时，家庭成员们可以了解彼此的兴趣。)”以及后文“Once each family member has finished reading each magazine, parents can even design art and writing projects for the whole family to work on.(一旦每个家庭成员都读完了每本杂志，父母甚至可以为全家人设计艺术和写作项目。)”可知，上文提到家庭成员们一起读杂志，后文则指出每个家庭成员都读完了每本杂志之后可以设计艺术和写作项目，由此可知，空处应当是在说明杂志如何在家庭成员之间传递，D项“Children can pass a magazine on to a brother or sister when they finish reading it.(孩子们读完杂志后可以传给兄弟姐妹。)”符合语境，故选D项。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Becoming an Attractive Employee The 2008 financial crisis created an unstable job market. Fast-forward to the present, and the economy has not fully recovered. Thus, it’s of vital importance for job seekers to carefully strategize their approach to job application. And it’s especially important for those new to the work force. They should look at making themselves as attractive as possible to employers. For young people information technology skills will play an increasing role in the future. As the generation to have grown up in the Information Age, they are quite confident when it comes to showing off their interests and skills in this field. This makes them a natural fit for companies seeking expertise(专业技能)in technology, marketing and networking. They should emphasize these skills when applying for jobs that require the ability to multitask. Another attractive quality is experience. It is important that an applicant's resume list any activities that involved teamwork and goal-driven responsibilities. Membership in a sports or social club and participation as a volunteer are good examples of this. These activities involve goal management and planning along with the ability to focus while competing on a team. When hiring committees see this, they see a candidate who is capable of working in a variety of environments. Finally, an attractive quality when job-hunting is a great attitude toward a potential job. Young job seekers are known to be overconfident because they have been praised for everything they have done. But they must realize that the employment market is about how an employee will be a good fit for a company, not the other way around. In fact, in an interview, an important question to ask is: "What would be expected of me as an employee?" In today's tough job market, young job seekers need to provide a potential employer with good reasons to hire them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】How can young people attract their future employers? First, they need to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in information technology. Second, they should include in their resumes the experiences that reflect they are cooperative and goal-oriented. Finally, they need to adopt a proper attitude, that is, taking future employers’ expectations into consideration. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了年轻人如何吸引他们未来的雇主。首先，他们需要展示自己在信息技术方面的知识和技能。第二，他们应该在简历中包含反映他们合作精神和目标导向的经历。最后，他们需要采取正确的态度，也就是考虑未来雇主的期望。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ① …it’s of vital importance for job seekers to carefully strategize their approach to job application. ② For young people, information technology skills will play an increasing role in the future. ③ They should emphasize these skills when applying for jobs that require the ability to multitask. ④ Another attractive quality is experience. It is important that an applicant's resume list any activities that involved teamwork and goal-driven responsibilities. ⑤ Finally, an attractive quality when job-hunting is a great attitude toward a potential job. ⑥ In fact, in an interview, an important question to ask is: "What would be expected of me as an employee?" 2.缜密构思 将第2、3两个要点进行重组，将第5、6两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 They need to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in information technology. They should include in their resumes the experiences that reflect they are cooperative and goal-oriented. 【点睛】[高分句型1] They should include in their resumes the experiences that reflect they are cooperative and goal-oriented.该句运用了定语从句和宾语从句对要点4进行了重组，使句子结构复杂高级； [高分句型2] they need to adopt a proper attitude, that is, taking future employers’ expectations into consideration.该句用“that is, …”引出了同位关系，对要点5和6进行了整合，表意清晰，言简意赅。 V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 她们中谁可能当过排球教练？(may) （汉译英） 【答案】Who may have been a volleyball coach among them? 【解析】 【详解】考查疑问句和固定短语。此处对人提问，应用疑问词who；表示“可能做过”应用may have done；表示“排球教练”翻译为a volleyball coach；表示“她们中”应用among them。故翻译为Who may have been a volleyball coach among them? 53. 我看到他换上徒步鞋，走向草坪。（make for）(汉译英） 【答案】 I saw him put on/change into the hiking shoes/walking boots and make for the lawn. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。分析句子可知，时态为一般过去时，see sb. do sth.“看见某人做某事（强调全过程）”，表示“换上”可用动词短语change into或put on，表示“徒步鞋”可用名词hiking shoes/walking boots，and连接并列结构。故翻译为I saw him put on/change into the hiking shoes and make for the lawn。 54. 妈妈设置了六小时响一次的闹钟，提醒自己给宝宝量体温。（reminder）(汉译英） 【答案】Mom sets the alarm clock for every six hours as a reminder to take her baby’s temperature. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、不定式和时态。 根据句意陈述一般性事实，可知该句用一般现在时； 主语mom为第三人称单数； set the alarm clock设闹钟； 后接for every six hours 表示“把闹钟设置每六个小时响一次”；as a reminder 作为提醒，take sb's temperature给某人测体温；是“设闹钟”的目的，用不定式作目的状语， 故答案为Mom sets the alarm clock for every six hours as a reminder to take her baby’s temperature. 55. 在这个村落里，人们通常每餐只吃八分饱，但这种健康的饮食习惯最初是为了应对食物短缺的困境。(until) （汉译英） 【答案】People in the village often eat until they are 80% /80 percent full, but this healthy eating habit was developed/formed/intended to deal with /address/cope with (the poor/hard conditions/situation of) food shortage at first. In the village, people often eat until they are 80% /80 percent full. However, this healthy eating habit was developed/formed/intended to deal with /address/cope with (the poor/hard conditions/situation of) food shortage at first. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句、谓语动词的一般过去时的被动语态。表示“在这个村落里，人们”可以用介词短语作地点状语或者后置定语，即in the village, people 或者people in the village；表示“通常每餐只吃八分饱” often eat until they are 80% /80 percent full；表示“但”用however或者but；表示“这种健康的饮食习惯”用this healthy eating habit；表示“最初”用at first；表示“为了应对（解决）”用谓语动词的一般过去时的被动语态，即was developed/formed/intended to deal with /address/cope with；表示“食物短缺的困境”用food shortage或者the poor/hard conditions/situation of food shortage。故翻译为：People in the village often eat until they are 80% /80 percent full, but this healthy eating habit was developed/formed/intended to deal with /address/cope with (the poor/hard conditions/situation of) food shortage at first.或者In the village, people often eat until they are 80% /80 percent full. However, this healthy eating habit was developed/formed/intended to deal with /address/cope with (the poor/hard conditions/situation of) food shortage at first. VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三张华，在某英语报上看到一则报道，说某偏远山区的贫困村庄盛产红茶，但由于交通不便、信息不畅，导致销售不利，影响了村民的收入。现号召广大读者出谋策划。请你写一封信给英语报。在信中，你必须： 1. 就如何帮助该村庄销售茶叶、脱贫致富提出建议； 2. 说明你的理由。 【答案】Dear editor, Having read the news from the English Paper that a small village, lying in a remote mountain area, which is rich in black tea, is encountering an unpleasant event, I feel sorry for them. Due to the inconvenience of transportation and information, it leads to poor sales in black tea and thus affects the income of the villagers. Now there is a call on our readers to give some suggestions. I understand the feeling and feel sympathetic to the villagers, and I will try to make some conducive suggestions here. As far as I’m concerned, to start with, it’s a better choice to build up well-designed transportation, which will surely provide the villagers with enough convenience to deliver their products outside of the village so long as they are asked in the market. Besides, in terms of out-of-date information ways, the government should take effective measures to speed up creating information channels so that the villagers can get timely news about the products. In addition, as for the villagers, they should also make their own efforts to improve their knowledge on planting, which is beneficial to them to offer the market excellent and advanced goods. I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I sincerely hope the villagers can move out of poverty soon. Yours, Zhang Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英语报写封信，就报纸上提到的报道：某偏远山区的贫困村庄盛产红茶，但由于交通不便、信息不畅，导致销售不利，影响了村民的收入。谈谈自己的建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文。 时态：根据提示，本文以一般现在时为主。 结构法：总分法。 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 就如何帮助该村庄销售茶叶、脱贫致富提出建议； 2. 说明你理由。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） a remote mountain area，be rich in，encounter an unpleasant event，due to, inconvenience of transportation and information, leads to, affect the income of, build up well-designed transportation, take effective measures, in terms of, speed up, creating information channels, make their own efforts to, be beneficial to 第三步：连词成句 1. Having read the news from the English Paper that a small village, lying in a remote mountain area, which is rich in black tea, is encountering an unpleasant event. 2. Due to the inconvenience of transportation and information, it leads to poor sales in black tea and thus affects the income of the villagers. 3. Now there is a call on our readers to give some suggestions. I understand the feeling and feel sympathetic to the villagers, and I will try to make some conducive suggestions here. 4. As far as I’m concerned, to start with, it’s a better choice to build up well-designed transportation, which will surely provide the villagers with enough convenience to deliver their products outside of the village so long as they are asked in the market. 5. In terms of out-of-date information ways, the government should take effective measures to speed up creating information channels so that the villagers can get timely news about the products. 6. As for the villagers, they should also make their own efforts to improve their knowledge on planting, which is beneficial to them to offer the market excellent and advanced goods. 7. I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I sincerely hope the villagers can move out of poverty soon. 第四步，连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表顺序关系：to start with 2.表递进补充关系：besides，in addition 3.表示个人观点：as far as I’m concerned 【点睛】[高分句型1] Having read the news from the English Paper that a small village, lying in a remote mountain area, which is rich in black tea, is encountering an unpleasant event. 从报纸上得知，一个偏远山区的小村庄，盛产红茶，遭遇了一件不愉快的事件。having done…,为现在分词作状语; that从句为同位语从句，解释名词news; which之后的为非限制性定语从句。 [高分句型2] As far as I’m concerned, to start with, it’s a better choice to build up well-designed transportation, which is surely provide the villagers with enough convenience to deliver their products outside of the village so long as they are asked in the market. 就我而言，首先，建立一个精心设计的交通系统是个更好的选择，它肯定会给村民们提供足够的便利，只要市场上有需求，村民们就可以把他们的产品送到村外。it为形式主语，指代其后的不定式短语“to build up…”；which引导非限制性定语从句。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期敬业中学 高三阶段检测英语试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. S & A’s plan to fight theft The S&A Supermarket is the only place where residents in Boise can go shopping. It’s also the most frequently _____1_____ (visit) shop for local police. In the first six months of 2016 14% of the city’s reports originated there, most for shopping (商店货物扒窃) — a figure that would be even higher if S&A called the police for every minor theft. _____2_____ (ease) that burden and reduce shopping losses, S&A is starting to do police work. Earlier this summer, 90 employees _____3_____ (hire) to guard its doors and check receipts. As part of a program called Justice, they will work with existing employees to manage some small crimes internally. If an employee catches a thief _____4_____ name is not in the police database — that is, a first-time offender — that person will get a choice: pay to take an online course about the consequences of their actions, or face charges. This idea, according to S & A, is to educate lawbreakers _____5_____ involving the police. But the efforts _____6_____ (raise) concerns. For one, it’s unclear _____7_____ the online courses are as helpful as they seem. It is because one of the administrative organizations is being accused of both overcharging and falsely _____8_____ (send) so-called shoplifters to prison. And _____9_____ there are extra staff members, S & A will remain difficult to secure because of its size and accessibility, especially during late-night hours, when fewer employees are working. Still, there are signs _____10_____ the program could work. The local police department says the program reduced police calls to the store by 40.5% from last October through July. But something truly transformational will likely take years — and more police runs in the meantime. Section B Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. committed B. compared C. contact D. delegation E. destructive F. humble G. negotiate H. respelled I. similar J. superiors K. witnessed Some Very “American” Words Come from Chinese Many of the Chinese words that are now part of English were borrowed long ago. Some are from Cantonese (广东话) . The English word kowtow is a verb that means to agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems ___11___ . It comes from the Cantonese word kau tau, which refers to the act of kneeling and lowering one’s head as a sign of respect to ___12___ . In 1793, Britain’s King sent Lord George Macartney and other tradesmen to China to ___13___ a trade agreement. The Chinese asked them to kowtow to the emperor. Lord Macartney refused for his ___14___ to do more than bend their knees. Soon after, the English word “Kowtow” was born. Another borrowed word that came about through ___15___ between two nations is gung- ho. In English, the word gung- ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing something. The Chinese characters “gōng” and “hé” together mean “work together, cooperate”. The original term — gōngyè hézuòshè — means Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. Evans Carlson of the United States Marine Corps observed these cooperatives while in China. He was impressed, saying “... all the soldiers ___16___ themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over.” He then began using the term gung- ho in the Marine Corps to try to create the same spirit he had ___17___ . In English, a typhoon is a very powerful and ___18___ storm that occurs around the China Sea and in the South Pacific. According to the Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories, the first typhoons reported in the English language were in India and were called “touffons”. Later, when English ships encountered violent storms in the China Sea, Englishmcn. learned the Cantonese word taifung, which means “great wind.” It is a coincidence that the word is ___19___ to tourifon. The modern form of the word — typhoon — was influenced by the Cantonese but ____20____ to make it appear more Greek. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don’t drink beer or drive around with their dates. ___21___ , they stick to activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books. They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as signs of passage into ___22___ . The study found that the percentage of adolescents in America who have a driver’s license, who have tried alcohol, who date and who work for pay has dropped since 1976, with the most dramatic ___23___ in the past decade. To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the ___24___ have slimmed considerably. Between 1976, 86 percent of high school seniors had gone on a date; between 2010 and 2015, only 63 percent had, the study found. “People say, ‘Oh, it’s because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring,’ but they’re ___25___ the larger trend,” said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study. Instead, she said, youths may be less ___26___ activities such as dating or driving because in today’s society, they no longer need to be. According to an evolutionary-psychology theory, a person’s life strategy slows down or speeds up depending on the person’s ___27___ . Thus, exposure to a fierce and unpredictable environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the ___28___ effect. In the first ___29___ , “you’d have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more ____30____ and fewer resources,” said Twenge. A century ago, when life expectancy was lower and college education less common, “the goal back then was survival, not violin lessons by 5,” Twenge said. In that model, a teenage boy might be thinking more ____31____ about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important. But the United States is shifting more toward the ____32____ model, and the change is apparent in socioeconomic terms, Twenge said. “Even in families whose parents have never been to college, the idea that children need to be carefully ____33____ has become widely accepted.” The ____34____ of “adult activities” could not be due to more homework or after-school activities, the study said, nothing that teens today spend fewer hours on homework than they did in the 1990s and the same amount of time on after-school activities. Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the ____35____, the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. 21. A. Rather B. Consequently C. Moreover D. Unfortunately 22. A. adolescence B. work C. schooling D. adulthood 23. A. effects B. conflicts C. decreases D. costs 24. A. options B. majorities C. responsibilities D. resources 25. A. predicting B. challenging C. analyzing D. missing 26. A. interested in B. distracted from C. particular about D. disappointed in 27. A. contributions B. virtues C. surroundings D. outlooks 28. A. equivalent B. opposite C. insignificant D. immediate 29. A. round B. place C. strategy D. case 30. A. disease B. opportunities C. properties D. benefits 31. A. regretfully B. hesitantly C. seriously D. innovatively 32. A. smarter B. slower C. more scientific D. more responsible 33. A. observed B. organized C. selected D. educated 34 A. arrangement B. implementation C. postponement D. promotion 35. A. cause B. burden C. trend D. pattern Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When a senior manager sits down with a prospective employee for an in-person interview, the preferred questions often stick to the applicant’s interest in the position and company, according to a survey by staffing firm Accountemps. But questions can sometimes be a bit more... wacky. “What kind of animals would you be?” is one of the unique questions mentioned by senior managers in the survey. It is a way to keep interviewees on their feet and stimulate interesting discussion. However, such questions are asked less frequently, the research shows. Just 6 percent of senior managers said their favorite questions to ask are theoretical questions, the lowest total except for “other, ” which also came in at 6 percent. A lot of senior managers said their favorite questions are ones “relating to the position or company,” at 39 percent. These questions include “Why do you want to work here?”, “What do you know about this company?” etc. They are meant to determine if candidates have done their homework and how enthusiastic they are about the position. Questions about “previous or current experience” were referred to by 22 percent of senior managers as their favorite type of question. These inquiries — “Why did you leave your last job?” and “What did you like or dislike about your last job?” for instance — are meant to look into applicants’ work history patterns and their overall fit for the position. Further down the list, 18 percent of senior managers’ favorite questions had to do with personalities and characteristics. They prefer, for example, “What are your strengths and weaknesses?” and “What’ re your hobbies?”. And 10 percent had to do with personal goals and interests (“Where do you see yourself in five or 10 years?”) . That means that managers strongly prefer to ask candidates questions about their interest in the position and work history. But there’s always room for a sudden surprise. 36. In this passage, the word “wacky” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to “_________”. A. common B. aggressive C. inevitable D. weird 37. According to the survey senior managers’ most preferred questions are meant to find out _________. A. what work experience candidates had B. how well- prepared candidates are C. what candidates are most interested in D. how knowledgeable candidates are 38. What will senior managers ask to determine low suitable a candidate is for the position? A. What kind of animal would you be? B. Why do you want to work here? C. What did you like or dislike about your last job? D. Where do you see yourself in five or 10 years? 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. Interview questions favoured by managers. B. Managers’ attitudes to interview questions. C. How managers prepare interview questions. D. How managers make interview questions interesting. (B) 2022 Spring Evaluation Schedule for Learn To Skate MT. KENT ICE CENTER*900 MOON AVENUE*LEVARD CITY, RI 02916 (103) 561-4363 www.mtkent.org WHO: Skaters of all ages and abilities Any Preschool Kindergarten-aged child who has never taken lessons at the Mt. Kent Ice Center needs to make an appointment to be evaluated. Anyone first grade or above does not need an evaluation. The online registration feature does not apply to the registration for evaluation. EVALUATIONS: Evaluations help to determine both readiness and class placement. Upon Completion of the evaluation, it is recommended that you register for classes with a coach in the ice center office. A variety of days and times for the evaluations are also listed online and at the Ice Center. Evaluation registration may be done in person or by phone at 103-561-4363. EVALUATION DATES AND TIME DAY EVALUATION DATES TIME EVALUATION FEE Saturday March 5, 2022 12:00p.m. $5.00 Sunday March 6, 2022 12:00p.m. $5.00. Monday March 7, 2022 10:00a.m. or 1:00p, m. $5.00 Wednesday March 9, 2022 10:00a.m. or 1:00p.m. $5.00 Thursday March 10, 2022 10:00a.m. or 1:00p.m. $5.00 Additional days and times may be added — to be determined by Management REFUND POLICY: Refund requests must be made a minimum of 7 days before the scheduled appointment. See www.mtkent.org for details. EVALUATION REGISTRATION: In person — Stop by the Mt. Kent Recreation Center, ground floor, Monday through Saturday 9:00-11:00 a.m., Sunday 1:00-4:00 p.m. By phone — Call the Ice Center at (103)561-4363 to schedule your skating evaluation appointment QUESTIONS: Please call the Mt. Kent Ice Center staff at (103)561-4363 KentALERT — A FREE notification service (phone, text, e-mail). In the event of an emergency and to provide you with updates about cancellations and recreation department programs and events. Please visit www.mtkent.ong, browse Services at the top of the page. Under Information Technology Office, click KentALERT. All recreation participants should sign up, and at minimum select the “Cancellation category.” 40. The passage is primarily intended to ________. A. introduce an evaluation schedule B. tell readers about a notification service C. recommend an ice center D. advertise a skating programme 41. If Maria wants to complete the evaluation registration for her son, she’d better go to the Mt. Kent Recreation Center ________ before the end of the evaluation dates. A. at 11:00 a.m. on Sunday B. at 10:00 a.m. on Tuesday C. at 4:00 p.m. on Friday D. at 1:00 p.m. on Monday 42. Which of the following statements is true? A Any kindergarten-aged child must take an appointment to be evaluated. B Refunds should be claimed within seven days after the registration. C. You can go to www.mtkent.org to complete the registration for evaluation. D. You will be informed of any cancellation after signing up for KentALERT. (C) The budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers can understand without a need for graphs and equations (图表及等式) — it’s the household budget, for example. Taken informally, the budget line describes the line of affordability for a given budget and specific goods. This same concept — one that most consumers make many times each day with reflection on it — is the basis of the more formal budget line concept in economics. One of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economics theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept — a consumer’s informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy. In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation or a graph that can be applied generally. To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical axis (众轴) quantifies how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal axis does the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set. If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above “0” on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books — the number of books available in this example is 0. You can also graph the other extreme — all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10. You’ll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets. If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you’ll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not. 43. What is this passage mainly about? A. Guidelines for household purchase. B. The description of a daily phenomenon. C. Ways of presenting research data. D. The explanation of an economic concept. 44. The author uses the purchase of movie tickets and crime novels as an example of _________. A. the formalization of the budget line B. the formation of vertical and horizontal axes C. an informal understanding of the budget line D. a combination of budget set 45. What can be inferred from the passage about the budget line? A. The dots showing the maximum use of a budget can only be found on it. B. It is intended to indicate one’s household needs for specific goods. C. Graphs can interpret it more precisely than equations. D. It is used to explain consumers’ shopping habits. 46. In the example mentioned in the passage, if you want to buy 10 movie tickets and 10 crime novels with the same budget, where should you make the dot? A. On the horizontal axis. B. On the vertical axis. C. Above the budget line. D. Below the budget line. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Magazine Articles: More Valuable Than You May Think Parents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines. They feel their kids’ reading abilities have been underestimated. ___47___ Magazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively writing style that can inspire them to read more. ___48___ So a child can finish reading an article without losing interest due to a short attention span (持续时间) . The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read, especially if it is a children’s publication. By allowing children to read magazines at an early age, parents are encouraging development of a useful skill. Magazines and newspapers provide adults with critical news. Getting into the habit of reading magazines as a child will develop the lifelong habit of reading news articles. ___49___ Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view. Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable. Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend. When reading magazines together, family members get to learn about each other’s interest. ___50___ Once each family member has finished reading each magazine, parents can even design art and writing projects for the whole family to work on. All in all, magazines are valuable for many people, but in particular to children. The skills that they use and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to further study. Encouraging children to read magazines could change them from a reluctant reader to a lover of reading. A. Reading magazines enables children to be exposed to various subjects. B. Instead, it is necessary to introduce their kids to a wide range of books as well as magazines. C. The benefits of reading magazine articles can be achieved through school activities. D. Children can pass a magazine on to a brother or sister when they finish reading it. E. However, reading magazines offers many benefits to young readers. F. The articles in magazines are generally short. IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Becoming an Attractive Employee The 2008 financial crisis created an unstable job market. Fast-forward to the present, and the economy has not fully recovered. Thus, it’s of vital importance for job seekers to carefully strategize their approach to job application. And it’s especially important for those new to the work force. They should look at making themselves as attractive as possible to employers. For young people, information technology skills will play an increasing role in the future. As the generation to have grown up in the Information Age, they are quite confident when it comes to showing off their interests and skills in this field. This makes them a natural fit for companies seeking expertise(专业技能)in technology, marketing and networking. They should emphasize these skills when applying for jobs that require the ability to multitask. Another attractive quality is experience. It is important that an applicant's resume list any activities that involved teamwork and goal-driven responsibilities. Membership in a sports or social club and participation as a volunteer are good examples of this. These activities involve goal management and planning along with the ability to focus while competing on a team. When hiring committees see this, they see a candidate who is capable of working in a variety of environments. Finally, an attractive quality when job-hunting is a great attitude toward a potential job. Young job seekers are known to be overconfident because they have been praised for everything they have done. But they must realize that the employment market is about how an employee will be a good fit for a company, not the other way around. In fact, in an interview, an important question to ask is: "What would be expected of me as an employee?" In today's tough job market, young job seekers need to provide a potential employer with good reasons to hire them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 她们中谁可能当过排球教练？(may) （汉译英） 53. 我看到他换上徒步鞋，走向草坪。（make for）(汉译英） 54. 妈妈设置了六小时响一次的闹钟，提醒自己给宝宝量体温。（reminder）(汉译英） 55. 在这个村落里，人们通常每餐只吃八分饱，但这种健康的饮食习惯最初是为了应对食物短缺的困境。(until) （汉译英） VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三张华，在某英语报上看到一则报道，说某偏远山区的贫困村庄盛产红茶，但由于交通不便、信息不畅，导致销售不利，影响了村民的收入。现号召广大读者出谋策划。请你写一封信给英语报。在信中，你必须： 1. 就如何帮助该村庄销售茶叶、脱贫致富提出建议； 2. 说明你的理由。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$