Unit5 Cities and hometowns（知识清单）-2026-2027学年冀教版（三起）英语五年级上册

冀教版五年级上册英语 Unit 5Cities and hometowns 知识清单 （方位表达 · 城市与气候 · 一般过去时 was / were · be famous for） 一、本单元单词 1. 方位与气候 英文 中文意思 north 北方 south 南方 east 东方 west 西方 southwest 西南方 climate 气候 cold 寒冷的 hot 炎热的 warm 温暖的 humid 潮湿的 2. 城市与家乡 英文 中文意思 city 城市 hometown 家乡 province 省 capital city 省会；首都 village 村庄 fishing village 渔村 simple 简单的 narrow 狭窄的 tall buildings 高楼大厦 shopping mall 购物中心 wide 宽阔的 famous 著名的 photo 照片 train 火车 panda 熊猫 hill 小山 lake 湖 garden 花园；园林 3. 其他核心单词 英文 中文意思 be famous for 因……而著名 take photos 拍照 show ... to ... 把……展示给…… by the sea 在海边 all year 全年 many years ago 许多年前 then 那时 now 现在 二、本单元短语 英文短语 中文意思 a map of China 一张中国地图 in the north of China 在中国北方 in the east of China 在中国东方 in the south of China 在中国南方 in the southwest of China 在中国西南方 What's the climate like? 气候怎么样？ cold in winter and hot in summer 冬天冷夏天热 warm in winter 冬天温暖 by the sea 在海边 be famous for 因……而著名 take photos 拍照 show them to his friends 把它们展示给他的朋友 on the train 在火车上 have fun 玩得开心 many years ago 许多年前 a small fishing village 一个小渔村 tall buildings 高楼大厦 shopping malls 购物中心 Spring City 春城（昆明） Goat City 羊城（广州） 三、核心句型 1. 询问城市位置与气候 What's the climate like in each city? 每个城市的气候怎么样？ This is Beijing. It's in the north of China. 这是北京，它在中国北方。 It's cold in winter and hot in summer. 那里冬天冷、夏天热。 This is Shanghai. It's in the east of China. It's humid in summer. 这是上海，在中国东方，夏天潮湿。 This is Guangzhou. It's in the south of China. It's warm in winter. 这是广州，在中国南方，冬天温暖。 This is Chengdu. It's in the southwest of China. It's not so cold in winter. 这是成都，在中国西南方，冬天不太冷。 2. 描述家乡与城市变迁 Shijiazhuang is my hometown. It's the capital city of Hebei Province. 石家庄是我的家乡，它是河北省的省会。 Many years ago, it was a small village. 许多年前，它还是个小村庄。 There were simple houses and narrow streets then. 那时只有简陋的房子和狭窄的街道。 But now there are many tall buildings and shopping malls. 但现在有很多高楼大厦和购物中心。 Shijiazhuang is famous for Xibaipo Village, Zhaozhou Bridge and Zhengding County. 石家庄以西柏坡、赵州桥和正定古城而闻名。 3. 过去时：谈论过去在哪里 Where was I? / You were in Harbin. 我在哪里？你在哈尔滨。 Look at this photo. Li Ming, Jenny and I were on the train. 看这张照片，我和李明、珍妮在火车上。 Where were you? / We were in Chengdu. 你们在哪里？我们在成都。 I was at West Lake in Hangzhou. 我在杭州西湖。 We saw pandas there. We were excited. 我们在那里看到了熊猫，我们很兴奋。 4. 询问城市因什么著名 What is it famous for? 它以什么闻名？ It's famous for its beautiful gardens. 它以美丽的园林闻名。 People call it "Spring City". 人们称它为「春城」。 四、语法小结 语法一：方位介词 in the + 方向 + of 【结构】地点 + is in the + 方位词 + of + 大地点。 方位 英文 例句 北方 in the north of Beijing is in the north of China. 南方 in the south of Guangzhou is in the south of China. 东方 in the east of Shanghai is in the east of China. 西方 in the west of It's in the west of China. 西南方 in the southwest of Chengdu is in the southwest of China. 【注意】必须加 the，即 in the north of，不能说 in north of。 语法二：一般过去时 was / were 【含义】表示过去的状态或位置，与现在对比。 主语 be 动词过去式 例句 I / He / She / It / 单个人名 was I was in Harbin. / It was a small village. / He was happy. We / You / They / 复数 were We were on the train. / They were in Chengdu. / There were many houses. 【时间标志】many years ago（许多年前）、then（那时）、yesterday（昨天）。 Many years ago, it was a small fishing village. 许多年前它是个小渔村。 There were simple houses then. 那时只有简陋的房子。 But now there are many tall buildings. 但现在有很多高楼。 语法三：be famous for 因……而著名 【结构】主语 + be + famous for + 名词/动名词。 Shijiazhuang is famous for Zhaozhou Bridge. 石家庄以赵州桥闻名。 Suzhou is famous for its beautiful gardens. 苏州以美丽的园林闻名。 Kunming is famous as a Spring City. 昆明作为春城而闻名。 【辨析】be famous for 后接闻名的原因；be famous as 后接身份/称号。 语法四：What's ... like? 询问……怎么样 【结构】What's + 名词 + like? 用于询问天气、气候、人品等。 What's the climate like? 气候怎么样？ What's the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？ What's your hometown like? 你的家乡是什么样的？ 五、易混点辨析 1. was vs were 不要用错 ❌ We was on the train. / I were in Harbin. （错） ✅ We were on the train. / I was in Harbin. （对） 解析：I / He / She / It 用 was；We / You / They 用 were。 2. in the north of 不要漏 the ❌ Beijing is in north of China. （错） ✅ Beijing is in the north of China. （对） 解析：方位词 north/south/east/west 前面要加 the。 3. be famous for 不要漏 for ❌ It's famous its gardens. （错） ✅ It's famous for its gardens. （对） 解析：「因……而著名」要用 be famous for。 4. There was vs There were ❌ There were a small village. / There was many houses. （错） ✅ There was a small village. / There were many houses. （对） 解析：后面是单数名词用 was，复数名词用 were。 5. by the sea 不要写成 near sea ❌ It's near sea. （错） ✅ It's by the sea. （对） 解析：「在海边」固定用 by the sea。 6. many years ago vs many years later many years ago = 许多年前（表过去）；many years later = 许多年后（表后来）。 Many years ago, it was small. Many years later, it became a big city. 六、小拓展 1. 中国主要城市方位与特色 城市 方位 气候/特色 别称/著名景点 Beijing 北京 北方 冬冷夏热 首都、天安门 Shanghai 上海 东方 夏天潮湿 外滩、东方明珠 Guangzhou 广州 南方 冬天温暖 羊城 Chengdu 成都 西南方 冬天不太冷 熊猫 Harbin 哈尔滨 北方 冬天很冷 冰灯 Shenzhen 深圳 南方沿海 温暖 从小渔村变大都市 Hangzhou 杭州 东方 湿润 西湖 Shijiazhuang 石家庄 北方 冬冷夏热 西柏坡、赵州桥、正定 Suzhou 苏州 东方 湿润 园林 Kunming 昆明 西南方 全年温暖 春城 2. be 动词过去式全家福 主语 现在时 过去式 I am was He / She / It / 单个人名 is was We / You / They / 复数 are were 3. 城市别称小知识 广州 — 羊城（Goat City） 昆明 — 春城（Spring City） 杭州 — 人间天堂（西湖 West Lake） 哈尔滨 — 冰城（Ice City） 成都 — 天府之国（熊猫故乡） 4. 本单元句型小口诀 方位词前加 the，in the north/south/east/west。 I/He/She 用 was，We/You/They 用 were。 因……而著名 be famous for，不要把 for 丢一旁。 气候怎么样 What's ... like？many years ago 过去时。 七、单元自测练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空（每小题2分，共20分） 1. Beijing __________ (be) in the north of China. 2. Many years ago, it __________ (be) a small village. 3. There __________ (be) many tall buildings now. 4. There __________ (be) small houses then. 5. Li Ming, Jenny and I __________ (be) on the train. 6. I __________ (be) in Harbin last winter. 7. Shijiazhuang is famous for __________ (it) old bridges. 8. It's in the __________ (south) of China. 9. We __________ (see) pandas in Chengdu last year. 10. There __________ (be) a beautiful lake in Hangzhou. 二、单项选择（每小题2分，共20分） 1. Guangzhou is in the ______ of China. A. north B. south C. east D. west 2. —Where ______ you yesterday? —I was in Chengdu. A. are B. were C. was D. is 3. Many years ago, it ______ a small fishing village. A. is B. are C. was D. were 4. There ______ many people in the park now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 5. Suzhou is famous ______ its beautiful gardens. A. for B. as C. of D. with 6. —What's the ______ like? —It's warm in winter. A. city B. climate C. country D. food 7. We ______ on the train. We were very happy. A. is B. am C. were D. was 8. Kunming is the capital city of ______ Province. A. Hebei B. Yunnan C. Jiangsu D. Sichuan 9. It's warm ______ the sea. A. by B. in C. on D. at 10. People ______ it "Spring City". A. speak B. say C. call D. talk 三、按要求改写句子（每小题3分，共15分） 1. Beijing is in the north of China.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ Beijing? 2. It was a small village many years ago.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ a small village many years ago? 3. We were in Chengdu.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you? 4. It's famous for its gardens.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ it famous for? 5. There were many tall buildings.（改为否定句） There ______ many tall buildings. 四、阅读理解（每小题3分，共15分） Shijiazhuang is my hometown. It's the capital city of Hebei Province. It's in the north of China. It's cold in winter and hot in summer. Many years ago, Shijiazhuang was a small village. There were simple houses and narrow streets. But now it is a big city. There are many tall buildings and shopping malls. The roads are wide and beautiful. Shijiazhuang is famous for Xibaipo Village, Zhaozhou Bridge and Zhengding County. I love my hometown! 1. Where is Shijiazhuang? A. In the south of China. B. In the north of China. C. In the east of China. D. In the west of China. 2. What's the climate like in Shijiazhuang? A. Warm all year. B. Cold in winter and hot in summer. C. Humid all year. D. Very cold all year. 3. Many years ago, Shijiazhuang was a ______. A. big city B. fishing village C. small village D. modern city 4. What is Shijiazhuang famous for? A. The West Lake. B. Zhaozhou Bridge. C. The pandas. D. The gardens. 5. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Shijiazhuang is in the south. B. There are narrow streets now. C. The writer loves his hometown. D. Shijiazhuang is a small village now. 参考答案 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. is 2. was 3. are 4. were 5. were 6. was 7. its 8. south 9. saw 10. is 二、单项选择 1-5: B B C B A 6-10: B C B A C 三、按要求改写句子 1. Where is 2. Was it 3. Where were 4. What is 5. weren't 四、阅读理解 1-5: B B C B C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $