Unit 3 Festivals and customs（复习讲义）英语译林版必修第二册

译林版必修第二册 Unit 3 Festivals and customs (复习讲义) 复习要点 1.主题语境：人与社会，话题是“节日与风俗”，语篇类型有：视频、旅行日记、专题文章和幻灯片等。 2.词汇短语：掌握和运用与节日风俗相关的词汇；探究归纳过去将来时的语法规则，并在情境中恰当地理解与使用该规则进行意义表达。 3.语法：掌握“过去将来时”。 4.应用文写作：运用恰当的结构和语言推广中国传统节日；与同伴合作，完成介绍节日的幻灯片。 复习重难点 重点：重点单词词性变形、语言文化类固定搭配、单元核心句型的识别与运用。 难点：介绍中国传统节日的写作和动词时态语态的灵活应用。 单元词汇 知识点 1. decorate vt. & vi. 装饰; 点缀; 粉刷, 油漆 情景导学 Our classroom was decorated with flowers on New Year’s Day. 元旦那天我们教室里装点着鲜花。 用法归纳 decorate … with… 用……装饰…… be decorated with 装饰着…… 词汇拓展 decoration n. 装饰; 装饰物 decorative adj. 装饰的; 作装饰用的 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①People decorate the streets ________ lanterns before the Lantern Festival comes. ②The only wall ________(decorate) are candles and a single mirror. 微写作 ③另外，如果我想用一些中国元素装饰我的网站，我应该怎么做? What's more, if I want to ________________________________, what should I do? 2. tradition n.传统，传统的信仰(或风俗) 情景导学 People play practical jokes on April Fool's Day by tradition. 按照传统，人们在愚人节搞恶作剧。 In some countries, it is a tradition for a bride to wear white. 在一些国家, 新娘穿白色的衣服是一种风俗。 用法归纳 by tradition 按照传统 in the tradition of 沿袭……的传统 It is a tradition to do sth./that... 做某事是传统 词汇拓展 traditional adj. 传统的 traditionally adv. 传统地 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the ________(tradition) customs. ②   tradition, in some countries, people can play tricks on each other before noon on April 1 but they'll be foolish if they do it in the afternoon. 微写作 ③在中国，尊重、关爱老人是传统。 In China,        . 3. impression n. 印象, 感想; 影响, 效果 情景导学 I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me. 不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。(教材原句) This is the first time I have come to Chengdu and I am impressed by the lifestyle of people here. 这是我第一次来成都，这里的人们的生活方式给我留下了深刻的印象。 用法归纳 leave/make a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象 first impression 第一印象 词汇拓展 impress sb. with sth. 给某人留下印象 impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记某物/事 be impressed by 被……所感动; 对……印象 深刻 impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①He said his travel to China made a strong impression   him. ②Your art class is very  (impress) because of your patience and active atmosphere. 微写作 ③他令人印象深刻的表演给我们留下了深刻的印象, 并且他使观众记住了他的技艺。 His         us, and he         the audience. 4. anything but 决不, 根本不 The customs that followed were anything but ordinary. 随之而来的风俗完全不同寻常。(教材原句) 用法归纳 nothing but　　 只有, 除了……以外什么也没有 all but 几乎, 差一点 everything but 除了……其余都…… 即时训练 选词填空(anything but, all but, nothing but) ①But when I saw it back, it was   boring. ②However, without my parents’ support, that dream seemed   impossible to reach. ③Everywhere survivors looked, there was   ruins. 5. occasion n. 特殊场合, 盛会; 时刻; 时机 情景导学 He was presented with the watch on the occasion of his retirement. 他在退休时获赠这块手表。 My daughter makes occasional visits to me on weekends, and I on occasion(s) treat her and her family to a big dinner at home, or occasionally in a restaurant. 我的女儿偶尔周末来看我,我有时在家中招待她和她的家人吃一顿大餐,有时是在餐馆。 用法归纳 on occasion(s)/sometimes/at times　　有时, 偶尔 on this/that occasion 这/那次, 在这种/ 那种场合 on the occasion of 在……之时 【名师点津】 occasion后定语从句关系副词的选择 (1)当occasion表示“(特定)时刻”时, 引导词用when。 (2)当occasion表示“(仪式、庆典等)重大场合”时, 引导词用where。 词汇拓展 occasional adj. 偶尔的, 临时的 occasionally adv. 偶尔, 有时候 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①He visits his parents  (occasion) because he works far away from his hometown. ②Occasions are quite rare   I have time to spend a day with my kids. ③This is not an occasion for laughter,   you must take things seriously. 微写作 ④在春节之际,请允许我向你们表达新年的祝福。          , please allow me to extend New Year's greetings to you. 6. earn vt. & vi. 赚得；获利；赢得 情景导学 ②For Lucy, the most necessary thing is to find a suitable job, one in which she can earn a living and fulfill her potential. 对于露西来说，最必要的是找到一份合适的工作，一份能够让她谋生并发挥潜力的工作。 ③He trebled his earnings in two years. 他在两年间收入增加了两倍。 用法归纳 earn sb. sth. 为某人赢得某物 earn a living (by...) (靠……)谋生 earn a reputation 赢得名誉 earn the respect/trust of sb.=earn sb.'s respect/trust 赢得某人的尊重/信任 词汇拓展 earnings n. 收入,工资；利润 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①As a matter of fact,  (earn) much money doesn't mean happiness. ②The company's  (earn) have dropped by 5% in the first quarter. ③ His outstanding ability earned  (he) a place on the team. 微写作 ④除了聪明之外，他也很勤奋、热心，这为他赢得了队里每个人的尊重。 Apart from being intelligent, he is also diligent and warm-hearted,         on the team. 7. pass down 使世代相传，流传 情景导学 She found it at last: a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which had been passed down to him from his grandfather. 她最后找到了它：一条简洁又美丽的表链，和他的金表很配, 那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。(教材原句) 用法归纳 pass away 去世；消失，消逝 pass by 通过，经过(……旁边) pass out 昏迷，失去知觉 pass up 放弃，不要(机会等) pass through 经过，路过；经历 pass on sth. to sb. 传递某物给某人 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①I think it would be a great pity to pass   the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam. ②I noticed the girl was crying when I passed   just now. ③He was born in 1933 and passed   peacefully at the age of 90 in 2023. ④She passed   when she heard the bad news. 微写作 ⑤我希望这种传统美德能世代相传。 I hope the traditional virtue can        . 8. fall on适逢，正当 情景导学 The Double Ninth Festival (the Chongyang Festival), which has a history of over 2,000 years, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. 重九节(重阳节), 有两千多年的历史, 是在中国农历九月初九。(教材原句) 用法归纳 fall apart 破碎；瓦解；精神崩溃 fall away 减少，减小，消失，消散 fall behind 落后，落在……后面 fall down 倒下；跌倒；倒塌 fall for 爱上，倾心于；上……的当 fall in love with 喜欢, 爱上 fall off (从……)跌落；数量减少 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①The Dragon Boat Festival falls   the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. ②Never be satisfied with yourself, or you will fall   others. 微写作 ③决心不落后，亚历克斯现在在他最薄弱的学科——物理上花了比过去多一倍的时间。      , Alex now spends twice as much time as he used to on physics, his weakest subject. 9. observe vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 情景导学 When we take part in the parade to observe National Day, we must observe the traffic rules. If we observe someone going through a red light, we should stop him. 当我们参加庆祝国庆节的游行时,我们必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯,应该阻止他。 用法归纳 observe sb. do sth. 看到/观察到/注意到某人做了某事(强调动作已经完成) observe sb. doing sth. 看到/观察到/注意到某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行) observe sb./sth. done 看到/观察到/注意到某人/某物被…… observe that/wh-从句 看到/观察到/注意到…… 词汇拓展 observation n. 观察，观测，监视 observer n. 观察者，目击者；评论员 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①My uncle acted as an  (observe) at the UNESCO International Youth Forum. ②In hospital she'll be under  (observe) all the time. 微写作 ③(校园生活)昨天我看见他在教室里学习到半夜。 I observed him         until midnight yesterday. 10. honour (AmE honor) n. 尊敬, 尊重; 荣幸; 荣誉vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守 情景导学 ①The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan... 例如,庆祝端午节是为了纪念屈原。(教材原句) ②Zhang Zhongjing has been honoured as a master doctor since the late Eastern Han Dynasty. 自东汉末年以来,张仲景就一直被尊为医学泰斗。 ③It's my honour to be here to give a speech on Chinese culture. 我很荣幸能在这里做关于中国文化的演讲。 用法归纳 (1)in honour of sb.=in sb.'s honour 为了纪念某人；为向某人表示敬意 have the honour of doing/to do sth. 有幸做某事 It is sb.'s honour/an honour to do sth. 某人很荣幸做某事 (2)honour sb. with sth. (for sth.) (因为某事)授予某人某物 be/feel honoured to do sth .做某事感到荣幸 be honoured as... 被誉为……；被尊为…… 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①The stadium was named   honour of the club's first chairman. ②Because of his excellent behavior, he was again honoured   the All-around Student. 微写作 ③我很荣幸代表我的班级在这里做演讲。 →         here on behalf of my class.(honour n.) →         here on behalf of my class.(honour n.) →         here on behalf of my class.(honour v.) 11. settle vi. & vt. 定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置 情景导学 Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city, far away from their hometown. 罗言和他的妻儿已经在大城市定居，离家乡很远。(教材原句) 用法归纳 settle in=settle into sth. 安顿下来；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作) settle on 决定；选定 settle down (使)安定，定居；(使)平静下来 settle down to sth. 开始认真对待某事；定下心来做某事 词汇拓展 settlement n. 解决；定居点；(解决纷争的)协议 settler n. 移民者；殖民者 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①Settle down   your study, or you will have difficulty realizing your dreams. ②The  (settle)is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of whom left their villages for a better life in the city. 微写作 ③他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论。         a serious discussion over coffee. 12. convenient adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的 情景导学 I'm writing to ask if it is convenient for you to offer us an online talk on English writing. 我写信是想问您是否方便为我们提供一个关于英语写作的在线讲座。 We should be grateful if you would reply at your earliest convenience. 如蒙速复，不胜感激。 用法归纳 be convenient for sth. 对某事来说方便 It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事方便 convenient作表语时，其主语不能是人。 词汇拓展 convenience n. 便利,方便;便利的事物(或设施) for the convenience of sb.=for sb.'s convenience 为方便某人 at one's convenience 在某人方便的时间(或地点) at one's earliest convenience 尽快(书信用语) inconvenient adj. 不方便的 inconvenience n. 不便；带来不便者 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①Hopefully self-driving cars can bring  (convenient) to our life. ②We offer large parking lots   customers' convenience. 微写作 ③如果您能尽快给我回信的话,我将不胜感激。 I'd appreciate it if you could write back to me        . 13. represent vt. 代表；为……代言；体现；描绘，描述；明确讲述，清楚说明 情景导学 She represents the woman as the best mother in the world. 她把这个妇女描述成世界上最好的母亲。 用法归纳 represent...to be/as... 把……描绘/描述成…… represent sth. to sb. 向某人清楚说明某事 词汇拓展 representation n. 代表；表现；描述 representative n. 代表，代理人；代表性人物adj.典型的，有代表性的 be representative of 代表着……；是……的代表 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①The princess is represented   an angel in the play. ②The name of this record is “Jasmine Flower”, which is  (represent) of Chinese folk music. 微写作 ③在中国北方，饺子是典型的食物，代表着好运。 In northern China, dumplings are the typical food,        . 14. set off 使爆炸；出发，动身，启程 情景导学 As midnight approaches, Luo Yan takes his parents, wife and son outside to set off firecrackers. 午夜将至，罗言带着父母妻儿到屋外燃放鞭炮。(教材原句) 用法归纳 set out 出发，动身，启程 set aside 把……放在一边；不理会;留出 set up 创建，建立;设置 set down 写下,记下 set about doing sth.=set out to do sth. 开始/着手做某事 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①We will set   at the school gate at two o'clock this Saturday afternoon. ②Set   some time to read the newspaper every day, even if it is only 5 minutes. ③There are many tents set   for tourists. 微写作 ④春节期间，人们燃放烟花。                 15. fortune n. 机会，运气；巨款；命运 情景导学 Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, Mike left home without saying a word. 迈克没有说一句话就离开了家,他决定在发大财之前不再回来。 用法归纳 make a/one's fortune 发财 try one's fortune 碰运气 词汇拓展 (1)fortunate adj. 幸运的 unfortunate adj. 不幸的 be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事 It is fortunate that... 幸运的是…… (2)fortunately adv. 幸运地,幸好 unfortunately adv. 不幸地 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①It was  (fortune) that no one was hurt in the car accident. ②  (fortunately), he had his right leg injured during the training. 微写作 ③对于其他人来说，这是一个发财的机会。 For others, it's a chance        . 单元句型 1句型公式 独立主格结构 情景导学 There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes. (到场的)宾客数以百计，个个身着色彩艳丽的礼服。(教材原句) The man lay there, his hands trembling. 那个男子躺在那儿，双手在颤抖。 知识总结 all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes是独立主格结构。独立主格结构的构成形式如下: (1)名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态) (2)名词/代词+现在分词(表示主动或进行) (3)名词/代词+过去分词(表示被动或完成) (4)名词/代词+不定式(表示将要发生的动作) 注意 独立主格结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因或伴随等,其逻辑主语是名词/代词,与句子的主语不同。即时练习 单句语法填空 ①The task  (complete), we had a global traveling. ②Time  (permit), I hope we can hold many fun activities, such as singing, dancing and so on. 微写作 ③他躺在草地上，双手交叉枕在脑后。 He was lying on the grass,        . 2句型公式 “感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 情景导学 ①I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street. 我看到一群人，其中有大约二十名巴西舞者以及一支乐队，他们身着华丽的服装站在街头。(教材原句) ②She felt a great weight taken off her mind. 她觉得心里轻松多了。 ③I saw him leave a few minutes ago. 几分钟前我看见他离开了。 知识总结 standing in the street是现在分词短语，作感官动词see的宾语补足语，强调动作正在进行，句子的宾语是它的逻辑主语，与它存在逻辑上的主动关系。 常用于“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构的感官动词有see、watch、observe、hear、feel、notice等。 宾语补足语有三种形式：现在分词(表示动作正在进行)、省略to的不定式(表示动作已经完成或经常发生)和过去分词(表示被动)。 注意 hear/see/watch若用于被动语态，不定式的to要还原。 即时练习 单句语法填空 ①Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother  (take) good care of at home. 完成句子 ② We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. →        .(改为被动语态) 微写作 ③当我走进他的书房时，我看见他正在看书。 When I entered his study, I        . 3句型公式 “否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义 情景导学 Indeed, the whole family could not be happier to be together. 的确,一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。(教材原句) 知识总结 (1)“否定词+比较级”结构表示最高级意义，通常译为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”。常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。 (2)比较级形式表示最高级意义的其他结构： ①can’t/couldn’t+比较级 ②no, not, nothing, nobody, never等+比较级 ③比较级+ any other+单数名词/any of the+复数名词/all of the other+复数名词。 即时练习 单句语法填空 ①Nothing is  (important) than studying hard. 微写作 ②我以前从未看过比这部更激动人心的电影。                 单元语法：过去将来时 一. 概念 过去将来时的动词表示对过去某一时间来说将要发生的动作或呈现的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。这个时态是一个相对的时态, 立足于过去某时, 从过去的观点看未来。在一定的语境中也可用于其他从句或句子中。 二. 基本用法和构成 1. “would do”构成过去将来时, 常表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。还可以表示过去的习惯性动作或倾向。 He told me that he would go to Beijing the next week. 他告诉我下周他要去北京。 Whenever he was in trouble, we would give him a hand. 每当他遇到困难时, 我们总会伸出援助之手。 2. “was/were going to do”表示过去的“预见”或“意图”, 也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事, 可以和表示将来的时间状语连用。“was/were going to + 动词原形”还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生的事。 I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. 我提到我们计划跨越山涧溪流。 It seemed as if it was going to rain. 看来好像要下雨。 3. “was/were to do”通常指过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情, 可以和表示将来的时间状语连用。 She said that they were to see their English teacher next week. 她说他们打算下周去看望他们的英语老师。 She said she was to tell me about the accident. 她说她计划把事故的相关情况告诉我。 【知识拓展】 (1)be to do表示必须或应该, 在意义上等于must, should, ought to 或have to。 This medicine is to be taken three times a day. 这种药一天要服用三次。 (2)be to do用来表示注定要发生或不可避免的事。 His theory was to change the views on the universe. 他的理论势必要改变(人类)对宇宙的看法。 4. “was/were about to do”表示过去即将发生的事情。 When she was about to go out of the room, she looked back to see if the lights were off. 当她正要走出房间的时候, 她回头看灯是否关了。 I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。 【温馨提示】 was/were about to do这种结构不能和表示将来的时间状语连用, 但是可以和when引导的时间状语从句连用。 Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran towards him. 科林正要从骆驼上下来, 就在这时, 一个小孩向他跑了过来。 5. 表示位移的动词, 如come, go, leave, arrive, return, start等, 可用过去进行时态代替过去将来时态。 I was going to the theatre, but in the end I went to the cinema. 我本打算去剧院, 但是最后去了电影院。 He hurried into the carriage. The train was leaving in a few minutes. 他匆忙挤进车厢, 还有几分钟火车就要开了。 6. 在条件和时间状语从句中, 要表示过去将来须用一般过去时代替过去将来时He said he would call me as soon as the result came out. 他说结果一出来他就给我打电话。 即时练习 一. 单句语法填空 1. The teacher told us that our energy  (grow) with regular sports. 2. She told us that she  (travel) to a historic city during the coming holiday.(过去将来时) 3. He said he  (not visit) the museum with us the next day.(过去将来时否定) 4. He said that he  (join) the volunteer project the next week.(过去将来时) 5. Mary told me she  (not go) downtown for travel because of the heavy crowd. 6. The guide told us that we  (see) the ancient palace after we walked through the gate. 7. He said he   not  (contribute) money to the project until he got more information. 8. Everyone believed that the conference  (make) a big difference to our school culture. 9. The student said that he  (admire) those experts who protected old cultural sites.) 10. I was sure that the travel blog  (attract) lots of readers once it was finished. 11. We were told that we  (meet) at the entrance of the museum early the next morning. 12. Just when she  (be) about to speak, a student rushed in and pushed her aside! 13. Tom  (leave) when his mother called him back. 14. She said the train  (arrive) at 6 pm the following day. 15. He  (leave) for Beijing when I met him. 16. She  (would) sit by the window and read books in her childhood. 17. When I was young, I  (would) walk along the river after dinner. 18. When he was young, he   climb the small hill every morning. 19. He  (go) to climb the hill when he was only a child. 20. He   bring me some books to read every time he came back from abroad. 二. 完成句子 1. Lily decided that she would settle in New York and ________ ________ ________ of becoming an actress.   莉莉决定在纽约定居，追寻成为演员的梦想。 2. 他说他不会放弃这次志愿机会。 He said that he     give up this volunteer opportunity.(过去将来时否定) 3. 他告诉我他第二天要参观这座历史名城。 He told me that he     the historic city the next day.(过去将来时) 4. 他向我们透露，下个月他将代表学校参加全国科学大赛。 He told us that he     the national science competition on behalf of our school the next month. 5. 这个周末我正打算去公园野餐，却因一场突如其来的暴雨不得不待在家中。 I     in the park this weekend, but had to stay at home because of a sudden heavy rain. 6. Mike told me that     Disneyland the next day. 迈克告诉我他第二天要去参观迪士尼乐园。 7. John was a little worried because he     a new job the next day and he wasn’t sure whether he would be fit for it. 约翰有点担心, 因为他第二天要做一份新工作, 他不确定自己能否胜任。 8. 她说当她老了后, 她要住在乡村。 She said she     the village when she was old. 9. 我正要离开教室，这时老师叫住了我。(be about to do...when...) I         the teacher called me back. 10. “be about to do...when...”结构 I       I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 我正要洗澡，这时我听到人们在尖叫，狗在狂吠。 11. be to do结构   The next morning I    (去西部) to make my fortune. 12. Yes, I    (即将或正要(做某事)) go get the letter. 13. 我小时候，奶奶总会在冬天给我织毛衣。 When I was a child, my grandma     in winter. 14. I would    (自愿做) go out with local reporters and do the stuff they didn’t want to do. 15. When I taught, I would    (给……布置一个题目) the children which they would write about. 三 语篇语法填空 During the war my husband (1)__________(station) at an army camp in a desert in California. I went to live there in order to be near him. I hated the place and I had never been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty and I was left in a tiny house alone. The heat was (2)__________(bear) —almost 125 °F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌). The wind blew non-stop and the air I breathed were filled with sand sand sand! I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I couldn’t stand it one minute longer and I (3)__________(come) back home. I would rather be in prison! My father answered my letter with just two lines that (4)__________(change) my life completely: Two men looked out from prison bars, one saw the mud the other saw the stars. I read those two lines over and over and was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out (5)__________was good in my present situation; I (6)__________(look) for the stars. I made friends with the natives and their reaction amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks (7)__________ they had refused to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus. I watched for the desert sunsets and hunted for seashells that (8)__________(leave) there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean floor. What brought about this astonishing change in me? The desert hadn’t changed, (9)__________ I had. I had changed my attitude. And by doing so, I changed an unhappy experience (10)__________ the most amazing adventure of my life. I was excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and found the stars. (时间：40分钟) Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. It is an a   game in our school, which is often held in October every year. 2. By greeting every classmate warmly, Amy made a positive first  (印象) on her new class. 3. The  (当前的) situation calls for immediate action from both the government and the public. 4. So it is a  (风俗)that people admire the moon on that night. 5. It is c   to go shopping at present. You can go to the physical stores or do it online. 6. He is one of the students who are s  (选择) to take part in the competition. 7. The competition attracted over 600 contestants r  (代表) eight different countries. 8. The boy was b  (咬) by a stray dog when he walked through Sanxia Square yesterday. 9. She knew that each picture inside was a  (珍贵的) memory of her childhood. 10. He has given up his free lifestyle to s  (定居) down with his baby daughter. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1. The modern sports stadium left a strong  (impressive) on me. 2. The real danger is that too much reliance on AI could lead to a  (generate) of young people unequipped for the jobs of the future because they have never learned to think creatively or critically. 3. The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated   honour of an ancient poet, Qu Yuan. 4. Her facial expression showed her eagerness  (observe) the unique festival. 5. Acceptance increases peace within us, unlike social media interaction, which  (promote) self-judgment and other-judgment. 6. To eat one, you have to decide whether  (bite) a small hole in it first, ... or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth. 7. Asian-American parents took a more  (reason) approach conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives. 8. Parents find   important that kids learn to be independent. 9. My father often  (swim) in the pool in summer. 10. Not too long ago,   a cold winter night, there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no. Ⅲ.短语填空 阅读下列句子，选择一个适当的词组填入空白处。 result in       apart from       eager to       in the hope of       pick up set off       keep in mind      aware of       break away from      get through 1. The bus is used to   students living outside the city. 2. More and more people are   the risk of the identity theft. 3. The eagle managed to   the trap and returned to the open sky. 4. It took me a long time to   all the applications for the talent show. 5. A failure to communicate within the team could   misunderstandings. 6. Our school offers diverse clubs   discovering students’ hidden talents. 7. Teenagers are   explore the outside world and make their own choices. 8. We should   that safety comes first when taking part in outdoor sports. 9. We need to   before dawn tomorrow if we want to avoid the heavy traffic. 10. What impressed me most was the kindness of the local people   the beautiful scenery. Ⅳ.高级句式表达 1. You have a good command of writing plays, which impresses me a lot. →I'm         the fact that you have a good command of writing plays. (impress) →The fact that you have a good command of writing plays        . (impression) →         is that you have a good command of writing plays.(what引导主语从句) 2. He is taller than any other student in his class. →He         in his class. →He         in his class. →No one in his class        . 3. I have never seen a nicer bird than this one. →        .(最高级)  4. We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. →        .(改为被动语态) 5. She observed that a man was walking on the opposite of the way. →        .(简单句) 6. I have the honour tog ive/ of giving a speech here on behalf of my class. →         here on behalf of my class.(honour n.) →         here on behalf of my class.(honour v.) 7. Fortunately, they found me with great effort →          .(fortunate) 8. He is taller than any other student in his class. →He         in his class. →He         in his class. →No one in his class        . Ⅴ.阅读理解 A In ancient China, education was highly valued in society and teachers enjoyed remarkable social status(社会地位). People believed good education could shape one’s character and change one’s future. The teacher‑acceptance ritual(典礼；仪式) was a formal and serious ceremony to mark the official start of the teacher‑student relationship. It was far more than a simple greeting. It carried people’s sincere respect and whole‑hearted devotion(投入) to knowledge and moral training. Both rich and ordinary families attached great importance to this ceremony, because parents expected their children to get valuable guidance from knowledgeable teachers. During the complete ceremony, a dignified(庄重的) teacher would sit behind a desk with a painted portrait of Confucius placed on it. As the great pioneer of traditional Chinese education, Confucius was respected by countless learners. A young student wearing plain traditional clothing would first bow deeply to Confucius to show respect for wisdom and virtue(美德). After that, he bowed to his new teacher, regarding the teacher as his lifelong guide for moral and intellectual growth. At this moment, the student promised to stay modest and follow the teacher’s teachings in daily life. As an important part of the ritual, the student presented liuli shuxiu, six symbolic gifts with special meanings: celery for hard‑working spirits; lotus seeds for purity; red beans for sincerity; dates for early success; dried longan for wisdom; dried meat as a token(象征) of care. These items were chosen for good meanings rather than high market value. Dried meat was a typical offering at that time. Because food supplies were limited and precious in old times, this gift stood for students’ heartfelt gratitude for teachers’ long‑term guidance. These special gifts were not only used in acceptance ceremonies. On some traditional festivals, students also sent similar presents to show thanks. All these customs reflect the deep‑rooted Chinese tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education. 1. What can we know about the teacher‑acceptance ritual? A. It was only popular among wealthy families. B. It marked the official beginning of teacher‑student relationship. C. It was held mainly to celebrate children’s big achievements. D. It helped parents improve their social position greatly. 2. What would a student do right after bowing to Confucius in the ceremony? A. He would give liuli shuxiu to the teacher immediately. B. He would make a speech in memory of ancient educators. C. He would bow to his new teacher for life‑long guidance. D. He would choose suitable gifts for coming traditional festivals. 3. What is true about liuli shuxiu according to the text? A. People valued its symbolic meanings more than its price. B. Every gift was specially prepared for spring festival celebrations. C. Dried meat was meant to wish students early success in study. D. Students must finish preparing them before seeing Confucius’ portrait. 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Food in ancient times was plentiful and easy to get. B. Similar thankful gifts appeared on some traditional festivals. C. Dried meat was the only gift used in teacher‑acceptance rituals. D. Ordinary families could not afford ritual gifts for teachers. B Nowadays, many teenagers spend most of their free time on short videos or online games. Few of them take time to feel the beauty of traditional Chinese culture. However, a special Mid-Autumn fair in Zhouning, Fujian, shows us a great way to connect young people with our old culture. The fair opened on Sept 25 at Carp Brook Scenic Area. It mixes poetry, music and light shows together. The event centers on poetry, wine and traditional performances. Actors dress up as Li Bai and Su Shi, two famous ancient poets, and talk and play games with visitors. There are many fun activities for young visitors. Students can join poetry recitation, pitch-pot and lantern riddles. If they collect six stamps on a special card, they can get nice Mid-Autumn gifts. Besides, visitors can enjoy light shows and rod-puppet plays. They can also try bottle painting or write calligraphy on bookmarks. These hands-on experiences make culture no longer just words in textbooks. The fair lasts until Sept 27. It uses the local 800-year-old fish-protection culture and beautiful natural sights to build a wonderful night trip. Such cultural fairs are really meaningful for teenagers. They help us learn history and poems in lively ways, not only from books. When young people take part in these activities, they will fall in love with traditional culture and pass it on. But we still need more such activities. Schools and cities should create more opportunities for students to experience traditional culture. Culture is not far away. It can be fun, interactive and full of poetic light. 5. What can we infer about the activities at the fair? A. Visitors can watch light shows only after they recite poems. B. Visitors can get gifts after collecting six stamps. C. Visitors can take part in all activities without any tickets. D. Visitors can meet the real Li Bai and Su Shi there. 6. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The fair is held to protect the local fish in the river. B. Visitors can watch rod-puppet shows and get free mooncakes there. C. The fair will last for more than one week. D. Visitors can try bottle painting and write calligraphy on bookmarks. 7. Why does the writer think the fair is helpful to teenagers? A. It stops teenagers from playing online games completely. B. It helps them learn traditional culture in interesting ways. C. It teaches them how to make different kinds of lanterns. D. It gives students chances to win many school prizes. 8. What is the main idea of the text? A. To describe old local fish-protection culture B. To introduce ancient poets’ life stories C. To show a cultural fair’s great value D. To tell fun ways to celebrate Mid-Autumn Ⅵ.完形填空 Mrs Li, a Chinese, runs a teahouse in a small town in England. The shop, serving both tea and stories, has become a surprising 1 between two different cultures. At first, local people were 2 to enter. They knew little about Chinese tea culture and felt awkward for being unable to drink properly. Mrs Li did not 3 . Instead, she placed small signs explaining tea etiquette(礼仪) and left out free samples. Slowly, customers 4 . Some residents slowly came regularly. She also began to 5 events: mooncake-making during Mid-Autumn Festival, calligraphy workshops, and Chinese New Year parties. Locals loved the 6 and treasure the chance to understand a completely different culture. Many started 7 Chinese phrases and asking about traditions. For Mrs Li, the experience is 8 . “I came here thinking I would miss home,” she said, “but now this town 9 like home. I teach them about China; they teach me about England.” Such small cultural 10 are happening worldwide. They are not grand exhibitions or famous festivals. They are quiet, daily 11 that build trust and respect. They show that understanding arises not from big gestures but from 12 moments — over a cup of tea or a piece of mooncake. In a world divided by differences, these little links serve as powerful reminders that we are more 13 than we think. Cultural exchange is not about changing who we are but about respecting each other’s 14 and celebrating mutual understanding. And that is how we 15 a more connected world. 1. A. route B. signal C. symbol D. bridge 2. A. eager B. hesitant C. prepared D. content 3. A. push B. change C. act D. pass 4. A. gave up B. dropped in C. moved on D. set off 5. A. attend B. recall C. host D. record 6. A. issues B. challenges C. festivals D. experiences 7. A. enquiring B. penning C. memorizing D. marking 8. A. disturbing B. amazing C. boring D. engaging 9. A. sounds B. remains C. feels D. appears 10. A. exchanges B. roots C. origins D. conflicts 11. A. contacts B. connections C. conducts D. contributions 12. A. lost B. silenced C. relieved D. shared 13. A. distinct B. independent C. alike D. conventional 14. A. equality B. pursuit C. privacy D. uniqueness 15. A. build B. invent C. affect D. picture Ⅶ.语法填空 China is the birthplace of kites. Making and flying kites is one of the ancient Chinese folk skills. Kites are also an important part of the Chinese culture. Kites 1 (invent) by the Chinese during the Spring and Autumn Period, having a history of over 2,000 years. It is said that Mozi, an ancient Chinese thinker, made a wooden bird after the work of three years. This might be 2 earliest kite in human history. Then Lu Ban made changes to the kite of Mozi by using bamboo. Some folk custom experts said that ancestors invented kites 3 (main) to memorize their family members and friends 4 had died. So on the Qingming Festival people would make and fly kites, hoping that their 5 (sad) could be passed to the dead through the kites. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, kites began to be used 6 the purpose of sending messages. 7 the Sui-Tang Period, paper has been used to make kites because of the papermaking. In the Song Dynasty, flying kites became a favorite outdoor sport of the people. According to researchers, kites were spread to Korea in the tenth century and then to Japan, and they were not spread to Europe until the thirteenth or fourteenth century. Flying kites 8 (need) skill. The controlling string(绳) and the pulling force are determined by the size and the shape of the kites, the environment and the wind. The right wind often blows in spring, 9 (make) it the perfect season for flying kites. If we want to play for fun, flying kites should be avoided on cloudy days and rainy days. Safety is also an important consideration. Flying kites should be done on open ground and it is not wise 10 (fly) kites in dangerous places such as waterside and tops of buildings. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版必修第二册 Unit 3 Festivals and customs (复习讲义) 复习要点 1.主题语境：人与社会，话题是“节日与风俗”，语篇类型有：视频、旅行日记、专题文章和幻灯片等。 2.词汇短语：掌握和运用与节日风俗相关的词汇；探究归纳过去将来时的语法规则，并在情境中恰当地理解与使用该规则进行意义表达。 3.语法：掌握“过去将来时”。 4.应用文写作：运用恰当的结构和语言推广中国传统节日；与同伴合作，完成介绍节日的幻灯片。 复习重难点 重点：重点单词词性变形、语言文化类固定搭配、单元核心句型的识别与运用。 难点：介绍中国传统节日的写作和动词时态语态的灵活应用。 单元词汇 知识点 1. decorate vt. & vi. 装饰; 点缀; 粉刷, 油漆 情景导学 Our classroom was decorated with flowers on New Year’s Day. 元旦那天我们教室里装点着鲜花。 用法归纳 decorate … with… 用……装饰…… be decorated with 装饰着…… 词汇拓展 decoration n. 装饰; 装饰物 decorative adj. 装饰的; 作装饰用的 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①People decorate the streets ________ lanterns before the Lantern Festival comes. ②The only wall ________(decorate) are candles and a single mirror. 微写作 ③另外，如果我想用一些中国元素装饰我的网站，我应该怎么做? What's more, if I want to ________________________________, what should I do? 【参考答案】 ①with ②decorations ③decorate my website with some Chinese elements 2. tradition n.传统，传统的信仰(或风俗) 情景导学 People play practical jokes on April Fool's Day by tradition. 按照传统，人们在愚人节搞恶作剧。 In some countries, it is a tradition for a bride to wear white. 在一些国家, 新娘穿白色的衣服是一种风俗。 用法归纳 by tradition 按照传统 in the tradition of 沿袭……的传统 It is a tradition to do sth./that... 做某事是传统 词汇拓展 traditional adj. 传统的 traditionally adv. 传统地 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the ________(tradition) customs. ②   tradition, in some countries, people can play tricks on each other before noon on April 1 but they'll be foolish if they do it in the afternoon. 微写作 ③在中国，尊重、关爱老人是传统。 In China,        . 【参考答案】 ① traditional ② By ③ it is a tradition to respect and care for the old. 3. impression n. 印象, 感想; 影响, 效果 情景导学 I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me. 不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。(教材原句) This is the first time I have come to Chengdu and I am impressed by the lifestyle of people here. 这是我第一次来成都，这里的人们的生活方式给我留下了深刻的印象。 用法归纳 leave/make a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象 first impression 第一印象 词汇拓展 impress sb. with sth. 给某人留下印象 impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记某物/事 be impressed by 被……所感动; 对……印象 深刻 impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①He said his travel to China made a strong impression   him. ②Your art class is very  (impress) because of your patience and active atmosphere. 微写作 ③他令人印象深刻的表演给我们留下了深刻的印象, 并且他使观众记住了他的技艺。 His         us, and he         the audience. 【参考答案】 ①on ②impressive ③impressive performance left a deep impression on; impressed his skills on 4. anything but 决不, 根本不 The customs that followed were anything but ordinary. 随之而来的风俗完全不同寻常。(教材原句) 用法归纳 nothing but　　 只有, 除了……以外什么也没有 all but 几乎, 差一点 everything but 除了……其余都…… 即时训练 选词填空(anything but, all but, nothing but) ①But when I saw it back, it was   boring. ②However, without my parents’ support, that dream seemed   impossible to reach. ③Everywhere survivors looked, there was   ruins. 【参考答案】 ①anything but ②all but ③nothing but 5. occasion n. 特殊场合, 盛会; 时刻; 时机 情景导学 He was presented with the watch on the occasion of his retirement. 他在退休时获赠这块手表。 My daughter makes occasional visits to me on weekends, and I on occasion(s) treat her and her family to a big dinner at home, or occasionally in a restaurant. 我的女儿偶尔周末来看我,我有时在家中招待她和她的家人吃一顿大餐,有时是在餐馆。 用法归纳 on occasion(s)/sometimes/at times　　有时, 偶尔 on this/that occasion 这/那次, 在这种/ 那种场合 on the occasion of 在……之时 【名师点津】 occasion后定语从句关系副词的选择 (1)当occasion表示“(特定)时刻”时, 引导词用when。 (2)当occasion表示“(仪式、庆典等)重大场合”时, 引导词用where。 词汇拓展 occasional adj. 偶尔的, 临时的 occasionally adv. 偶尔, 有时候 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①He visits his parents  (occasion) because he works far away from his hometown. ②Occasions are quite rare   I have time to spend a day with my kids. ③This is not an occasion for laughter,   you must take things seriously. 微写作 ④在春节之际,请允许我向你们表达新年的祝福。          , please allow me to extend New Year's greetings to you. 【参考答案】 ①occasionally ②when ③where ④On the occasion of the Spring Festival 6. earn vt. & vi. 赚得；获利；赢得 情景导学 ②For Lucy, the most necessary thing is to find a suitable job, one in which she can earn a living and fulfill her potential. 对于露西来说，最必要的是找到一份合适的工作，一份能够让她谋生并发挥潜力的工作。 ③He trebled his earnings in two years. 他在两年间收入增加了两倍。 用法归纳 earn sb. sth. 为某人赢得某物 earn a living (by...) (靠……)谋生 earn a reputation 赢得名誉 earn the respect/trust of sb.=earn sb.'s respect/trust 赢得某人的尊重/信任 词汇拓展 earnings n. 收入,工资；利润 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①As a matter of fact,  (earn) much money doesn't mean happiness. ②The company's  (earn) have dropped by 5% in the first quarter. ③ His outstanding ability earned  (he) a place on the team. 微写作 ④除了聪明之外，他也很勤奋、热心，这为他赢得了队里每个人的尊重。 Apart from being intelligent, he is also diligent and warm-hearted,         on the team. 【参考答案】 ①earning ②earnings ③him ④which earns him everyone's respect 7. pass down 使世代相传，流传 情景导学 She found it at last: a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which had been passed down to him from his grandfather. 她最后找到了它：一条简洁又美丽的表链，和他的金表很配, 那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。(教材原句) 用法归纳 pass away 去世；消失，消逝 pass by 通过，经过(……旁边) pass out 昏迷，失去知觉 pass up 放弃，不要(机会等) pass through 经过，路过；经历 pass on sth. to sb. 传递某物给某人 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①I think it would be a great pity to pass   the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam. ②I noticed the girl was crying when I passed   just now. ③He was born in 1933 and passed   peacefully at the age of 90 in 2023. ④She passed   when she heard the bad news. 微写作 ⑤我希望这种传统美德能世代相传。 I hope the traditional virtue can        . 【参考答案】 ①up ②by ③away ④out ⑤be passed down from generation to generation 8. fall on适逢，正当 情景导学 The Double Ninth Festival (the Chongyang Festival), which has a history of over 2,000 years, falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. 重九节(重阳节), 有两千多年的历史, 是在中国农历九月初九。(教材原句) 用法归纳 fall apart 破碎；瓦解；精神崩溃 fall away 减少，减小，消失，消散 fall behind 落后，落在……后面 fall down 倒下；跌倒；倒塌 fall for 爱上，倾心于；上……的当 fall in love with 喜欢, 爱上 fall off (从……)跌落；数量减少 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①The Dragon Boat Festival falls   the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. ②Never be satisfied with yourself, or you will fall   others. 微写作 ③决心不落后，亚历克斯现在在他最薄弱的学科——物理上花了比过去多一倍的时间。      , Alex now spends twice as much time as he used to on physics, his weakest subject. 【参考答案】 ①on ②behind ③Determined not to fall behind 9. observe vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 情景导学 When we take part in the parade to observe National Day, we must observe the traffic rules. If we observe someone going through a red light, we should stop him. 当我们参加庆祝国庆节的游行时,我们必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯,应该阻止他。 用法归纳 observe sb. do sth. 看到/观察到/注意到某人做了某事(强调动作已经完成) observe sb. doing sth. 看到/观察到/注意到某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行) observe sb./sth. done 看到/观察到/注意到某人/某物被…… observe that/wh-从句 看到/观察到/注意到…… 词汇拓展 observation n. 观察，观测，监视 observer n. 观察者，目击者；评论员 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①My uncle acted as an  (observe) at the UNESCO International Youth Forum. ②In hospital she'll be under  (observe) all the time. 微写作 ③(校园生活)昨天我看见他在教室里学习到半夜。 I observed him         until midnight yesterday. 【参考答案】 ①observer ②observation ③study in the classroom 10. honour (AmE honor) n. 尊敬, 尊重; 荣幸; 荣誉vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守 情景导学 ①The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan... 例如,庆祝端午节是为了纪念屈原。(教材原句) ②Zhang Zhongjing has been honoured as a master doctor since the late Eastern Han Dynasty. 自东汉末年以来,张仲景就一直被尊为医学泰斗。 ③It's my honour to be here to give a speech on Chinese culture. 我很荣幸能在这里做关于中国文化的演讲。 用法归纳 (1)in honour of sb.=in sb.'s honour 为了纪念某人；为向某人表示敬意 have the honour of doing/to do sth. 有幸做某事 It is sb.'s honour/an honour to do sth. 某人很荣幸做某事 (2)honour sb. with sth. (for sth.) (因为某事)授予某人某物 be/feel honoured to do sth .做某事感到荣幸 be honoured as... 被誉为……；被尊为…… 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①The stadium was named   honour of the club's first chairman. ②Because of his excellent behavior, he was again honoured   the All-around Student. 微写作 ③我很荣幸代表我的班级在这里做演讲。 →         here on behalf of my class.(honour n.) →         here on behalf of my class.(honour n.) →         here on behalf of my class.(honour v.) 【参考答案】 ①in ②as ③I have the honour to give/of giving a speech; It is my honour to give a speech; I am/feel honoured to give a speech 11. settle vi. & vt. 定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置 情景导学 Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city, far away from their hometown. 罗言和他的妻儿已经在大城市定居，离家乡很远。(教材原句) 用法归纳 settle in=settle into sth. 安顿下来；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作) settle on 决定；选定 settle down (使)安定，定居；(使)平静下来 settle down to sth. 开始认真对待某事；定下心来做某事 词汇拓展 settlement n. 解决；定居点；(解决纷争的)协议 settler n. 移民者；殖民者 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①Settle down   your study, or you will have difficulty realizing your dreams. ②The  (settle)is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of whom left their villages for a better life in the city. 微写作 ③他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论。         a serious discussion over coffee. 【参考答案】 ①to ②settlement ③They settled down to 12. convenient adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的 情景导学 I'm writing to ask if it is convenient for you to offer us an online talk on English writing. 我写信是想问您是否方便为我们提供一个关于英语写作的在线讲座。 We should be grateful if you would reply at your earliest convenience. 如蒙速复，不胜感激。 用法归纳 be convenient for sth. 对某事来说方便 It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事方便 convenient作表语时，其主语不能是人。 词汇拓展 convenience n. 便利,方便;便利的事物(或设施) for the convenience of sb.=for sb.'s convenience 为方便某人 at one's convenience 在某人方便的时间(或地点) at one's earliest convenience 尽快(书信用语) inconvenient adj. 不方便的 inconvenience n. 不便；带来不便者 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①Hopefully self-driving cars can bring  (convenient) to our life. ②We offer large parking lots   customers' convenience. 微写作 ③如果您能尽快给我回信的话,我将不胜感激。 I'd appreciate it if you could write back to me        . 【参考答案】 ①convenience ②for ③at your earliest convenience 13. represent vt. 代表；为……代言；体现；描绘，描述；明确讲述，清楚说明 情景导学 She represents the woman as the best mother in the world. 她把这个妇女描述成世界上最好的母亲。 用法归纳 represent...to be/as... 把……描绘/描述成…… represent sth. to sb. 向某人清楚说明某事 词汇拓展 representation n. 代表；表现；描述 representative n. 代表，代理人；代表性人物adj.典型的，有代表性的 be representative of 代表着……；是……的代表 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①The princess is represented   an angel in the play. ②The name of this record is “Jasmine Flower”, which is  (represent) of Chinese folk music. 微写作 ③在中国北方，饺子是典型的食物，代表着好运。 In northern China, dumplings are the typical food,        . 【参考答案】 ①as ②representative ③representing/which represent good luck 14. set off 使爆炸；出发，动身，启程 情景导学 As midnight approaches, Luo Yan takes his parents, wife and son outside to set off firecrackers. 午夜将至，罗言带着父母妻儿到屋外燃放鞭炮。(教材原句) 用法归纳 set out 出发，动身，启程 set aside 把……放在一边；不理会;留出 set up 创建，建立;设置 set down 写下,记下 set about doing sth.=set out to do sth. 开始/着手做某事 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①We will set   at the school gate at two o'clock this Saturday afternoon. ②Set   some time to read the newspaper every day, even if it is only 5 minutes. ③There are many tents set   for tourists. 微写作 ④春节期间，人们燃放烟花。                 【参考答案】 ①off/out ②aside ③up ④People set off fireworks during the Spring Festival. 15. fortune n. 机会，运气；巨款；命运 情景导学 Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, Mike left home without saying a word. 迈克没有说一句话就离开了家,他决定在发大财之前不再回来。 用法归纳 make a/one's fortune 发财 try one's fortune 碰运气 词汇拓展 (1)fortunate adj. 幸运的 unfortunate adj. 不幸的 be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事 It is fortunate that... 幸运的是…… (2)fortunately adv. 幸运地,幸好 unfortunately adv. 不幸地 即时训练 单句语法填空 ①It was  (fortune) that no one was hurt in the car accident. ②  (fortunately), he had his right leg injured during the training. 微写作 ③对于其他人来说，这是一个发财的机会。 For others, it's a chance        . 【参考答案】 ①fortunate ②Unfortunately ③to make a fortune 单元句型 1句型公式 独立主格结构 情景导学 There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes. (到场的)宾客数以百计，个个身着色彩艳丽的礼服。(教材原句) The man lay there, his hands trembling. 那个男子躺在那儿，双手在颤抖。 知识总结 all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes是独立主格结构。独立主格结构的构成形式如下: (1)名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态) (2)名词/代词+现在分词(表示主动或进行) (3)名词/代词+过去分词(表示被动或完成) (4)名词/代词+不定式(表示将要发生的动作) 注意 独立主格结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因或伴随等,其逻辑主语是名词/代词,与句子的主语不同。即时练习 单句语法填空 ①The task  (complete), we had a global traveling. ②Time  (permit), I hope we can hold many fun activities, such as singing, dancing and so on. 微写作 ③他躺在草地上，双手交叉枕在脑后。 He was lying on the grass,        . 【参考答案】 ① completed ② permitting ③ his hands crossed under his head 2句型公式 “感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 情景导学 ①I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street. 我看到一群人，其中有大约二十名巴西舞者以及一支乐队，他们身着华丽的服装站在街头。(教材原句) ②She felt a great weight taken off her mind. 她觉得心里轻松多了。 ③I saw him leave a few minutes ago. 几分钟前我看见他离开了。 知识总结 standing in the street是现在分词短语，作感官动词see的宾语补足语，强调动作正在进行，句子的宾语是它的逻辑主语，与它存在逻辑上的主动关系。 常用于“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构的感官动词有see、watch、observe、hear、feel、notice等。 宾语补足语有三种形式：现在分词(表示动作正在进行)、省略to的不定式(表示动作已经完成或经常发生)和过去分词(表示被动)。 注意 hear/see/watch若用于被动语态，不定式的to要还原。 即时练习 单句语法填空 ①Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother  (take) good care of at home. 完成句子 ② We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. →        .(改为被动语态) 微写作 ③当我走进他的书房时，我看见他正在看书。 When I entered his study, I        . 【参考答案】 ① taken ② She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom ③saw him reading a book 3句型公式 “否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义 情景导学 Indeed, the whole family could not be happier to be together. 的确,一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。(教材原句) 知识总结 (1)“否定词+比较级”结构表示最高级意义，通常译为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”。常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。 (2)比较级形式表示最高级意义的其他结构： ①can’t/couldn’t+比较级 ②no, not, nothing, nobody, never等+比较级 ③比较级+ any other+单数名词/any of the+复数名词/all of the other+复数名词。 即时练习 单句语法填空 ①Nothing is  (important) than studying hard. 微写作 ②我以前从未看过比这部更激动人心的电影。                 【参考答案】 ①more important ②I have never seen a more exciting movie than this one before. 单元语法：过去将来时 一. 概念 过去将来时的动词表示对过去某一时间来说将要发生的动作或呈现的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。这个时态是一个相对的时态, 立足于过去某时, 从过去的观点看未来。在一定的语境中也可用于其他从句或句子中。 二. 基本用法和构成 1. “would do”构成过去将来时, 常表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。还可以表示过去的习惯性动作或倾向。 He told me that he would go to Beijing the next week. 他告诉我下周他要去北京。 Whenever he was in trouble, we would give him a hand. 每当他遇到困难时, 我们总会伸出援助之手。 2. “was/were going to do”表示过去的“预见”或“意图”, 也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事, 可以和表示将来的时间状语连用。“was/were going to + 动词原形”还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生的事。 I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. 我提到我们计划跨越山涧溪流。 It seemed as if it was going to rain. 看来好像要下雨。 3. “was/were to do”通常指过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情, 可以和表示将来的时间状语连用。 She said that they were to see their English teacher next week. 她说他们打算下周去看望他们的英语老师。 She said she was to tell me about the accident. 她说她计划把事故的相关情况告诉我。 【知识拓展】 (1)be to do表示必须或应该, 在意义上等于must, should, ought to 或have to。 This medicine is to be taken three times a day. 这种药一天要服用三次。 (2)be to do用来表示注定要发生或不可避免的事。 His theory was to change the views on the universe. 他的理论势必要改变(人类)对宇宙的看法。 4. “was/were about to do”表示过去即将发生的事情。 When she was about to go out of the room, she looked back to see if the lights were off. 当她正要走出房间的时候, 她回头看灯是否关了。 I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。 【温馨提示】 was/were about to do这种结构不能和表示将来的时间状语连用, 但是可以和when引导的时间状语从句连用。 Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran towards him. 科林正要从骆驼上下来, 就在这时, 一个小孩向他跑了过来。 5. 表示位移的动词, 如come, go, leave, arrive, return, start等, 可用过去进行时态代替过去将来时态。 I was going to the theatre, but in the end I went to the cinema. 我本打算去剧院, 但是最后去了电影院。 He hurried into the carriage. The train was leaving in a few minutes. 他匆忙挤进车厢, 还有几分钟火车就要开了。 6. 在条件和时间状语从句中, 要表示过去将来须用一般过去时代替过去将来时He said he would call me as soon as the result came out. 他说结果一出来他就给我打电话。 即时练习 一. 单句语法填空 1. The teacher told us that our energy  (grow) with regular sports. 【答案】would grow 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们，规律运动将会增强我们的体能。此空考查宾语从句时态，主句谓语told为一般过去时，遵循主过从过，从句要使用对应的过去时态，此处可用过去将来时would grow，表示从过去视角看将来会发生的情况，符合语境。 2. She told us that she  (travel) to a historic city during the coming holiday.(过去将来时) 【答案】would travel 【详解】句意：她告诉我们，她将在即将到来的假期前往一座历史名城。根据题目要求可知，此处用过去将来时would travel。 3. He said he  (not visit) the museum with us the next day.(过去将来时否定) 【答案】would not visit/wouldn’t visit 【详解】他说他第二天不会和我们一起去参观博物馆。根据题目要求，此处用过去将来时的否定形式would not visit或wouldn’t visit。 4. He said that he  (join) the volunteer project the next week.(过去将来时) 【答案】would join 【详解】他说他下周将参加志愿者项目。根据要求此处用过去将来时would join。 5. Mary told me she  (not go) downtown for travel because of the heavy crowd. 【答案】was not going to go/would not go 【详解】句意：玛丽告诉我，因为人太多，她不打算去市中心游玩。主句谓语told为一般过去时，从句表达 “(在玛丽当时看来)将来不会去”，使用过去将来时的否定形式，可以是was/were not going to go/would not go，主语为she，be动词用was。 6. The guide told us that we  (see) the ancient palace after we walked through the gate. 【答案】would see/were going to see 【详解】句意：导游告诉我们，穿过大门后我们就会看到那座古老的宫殿。The guide told us是主句，时态为一般过去时，that we _______ (see) the ancient palace是that引导的宾语从句，需要使用过去范畴的时态。结合时间状语从句after we walked through the gate可知，宾语从句的谓语动作尚未发生，要使用过去将来时；宾语从句的主语是we，与提示词see之间是语义上的主动关系，要用过去将来时would+动词原形或were going to+动词原形，要填would see/were going to see。 7. He said he   not  (contribute) money to the project until he got more information. 【答案】would; contribute 【详解】句意：他说在获得更多信息之前，他不会为这个项目捐款。主句谓语said为一般过去时，宾语从句描述主句动作之后将要发生的事，需用过去将来时；此处表示否定“不会”，用would not do；第一空填would，第二空not后用动词原形contribute。 8. Everyone believed that the conference  (make) a big difference to our school culture. 【答案】would make 【详解】句意：所有人都相信这次会议将会对我们的校园文化产生重大影响。主句时态为一般过去时believed，宾语从句遵循主过从过，此处表达“将会产生影响”，用过去将来时would make。 9. The student said that he  (admire) those experts who protected old cultural sites.) 【答案】would admire/was going to admire 【详解】句意：这名学生说他会十分敬佩那些保护古老文化遗址的专家。主句谓语said是一般过去时，从句动作发生在过去的将来，要用过去将来时，主语为he，谓语用would admire或was going to admire。 10. I was sure that the travel blog  (attract) lots of readers once it was finished. 【答案】would attract/was going to attract 【详解】句意：我确信这篇旅行博客一旦完成就会吸引大量读者。I was sure是主句，时态为一般过去时。结合状语从句once it was finished可知，that引导的宾语从句的谓语动作尚未发生，要使用过去将来时，主语为单数，填would attract或was going to attract。 11. We were told that we  (meet) at the entrance of the museum early the next morning. 【答案】would meet/were to meet 【详解】句意：我们被告知第二天一早要在博物馆入口集合。主句谓语were told为一般过去时，结合从句的时间状语“the next morning”可知，从句是站在过去的角度描述将来要发生的动作，用过去将来时，谓语动词为would meet，或者使用were to meet，该结构常表示按计划、安排或约定将发生的动作”。 12. Just when she  (be) about to speak, a student rushed in and pushed her aside! 【答案】was 【详解】句意：正当她要说话时，一个学生冲了进来，把她推到了一边！分析句子结构，此处为be about to do sth. 固定短语，意为“刚要做某事”；根据“pushed”可知，应用一般过去时，主语she为第三人称单数，be动词用was。 13. Tom  (leave) when his mother called him back. 【答案】was about to leave 【详解】句意：汤姆正要离开的时候，他妈妈把他叫了回来。此处固定句型be about to do...when...表示正要做某事这时突然……，主语Tom为单数，called表示句子为一般过去时，be动词用was，所以此处为was about to leave。 14. She said the train  (arrive) at 6 pm the following day. 【答案】was to arrive 【详解】句意：她说火车将于第二天下午六点到达。主句谓语said为一般过去时，宾语从句需使用对应的过去时态，从句表示过去视角下计划、预定将要发生的动作，可用be to do sth.结构，主语the train为单数，be动词用was。 15. He  (leave) for Beijing when I met him. 【答案】was about to leave 【详解】句意：我遇见他时，他正要动身去北京。固定句型be about to do sth. when...表示“正要做某事，这时突然……”，主句用过去将来含义，从句谓语met为一般过去时，主语He为单数，be动词用was。 16. She  (would) sit by the window and read books in her childhood. 【答案】would 【详解】句意：她小时候常常坐在窗边看书。主语为she，空后为动词原形，此处使用情态动词，结合句意，此处描述过去常常发生的动作，强调过去的习惯，所以使用would。 17. When I was young, I  (would) walk along the river after dinner. 【答案】would 【详解】句意：小时候，我晚饭后会沿着河边散步。表过去反复的习惯性动作，不表状态，应用would do。 18. When he was young, he   climb the small hill every morning. 【答案】would 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他年轻时，每天早上都会去爬那座小山。句子描述过去习惯性、反复性的动作，常与“every morning/afternoon/week...”等时间状语连用，用情态动词would。故填would。 19. He  (go) to climb the hill when he was only a child. 【答案】would go 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他小时候常常去爬山。根据时间状语when he was only a child可知，此处描述的是过去经常发生的动作。过去将来时可以表示过去习惯性、重复性的动作，谓语用would go。故填would go。 20. He   bring me some books to read every time he came back from abroad. 【答案】would 【详解】考查would用法。句意：他每次从国外回来都会给我带一些书来读。结合“every time he came back from abroad”可知，此处描述过去经常发生的事情，使用“would do”，故填would。 二. 完成句子 1. Lily decided that she would settle in New York and ________ ________ ________ of becoming an actress.   莉莉决定在纽约定居，追寻成为演员的梦想。 【答案】pursue her dream 【详解】分析英汉句子可知，本题要翻译“追寻梦想”；that引导的宾语从句中用了过去将来时“would+动词原形”，and连接would settle和所填词，要填动词原形；“追寻某人的梦想”的英语是pursue one’s dream，one’s要用形容词性物主代词，与主语的人称保持一致，要填pursue her dream。 2. 他说他不会放弃这次志愿机会。 He said that he     give up this volunteer opportunity.(过去将来时否定) 【答案】would not/wouldn’t 【详解】根据句意“不会”和题目要求可知，此处填过去将来时的否定助动词would not或wouldn’t。 3. 他告诉我他第二天要参观这座历史名城。 He told me that he     the historic city the next day.(过去将来时) 【答案】would visit 【详解】根据题目要求，此处用过去将来时would visit。 4. 他向我们透露，下个月他将代表学校参加全国科学大赛。 He told us that he     the national science competition on behalf of our school the next month. 【答案】would take part in 【详解】根据中文句意，我们还需翻译“参加”，选用动词短语take part in。主句told us为一般过去时，且时间状语the next month(下个月)表示将来，故宾语从句中须用过去将来时would take part in，表示“将要参加”。 5. 这个周末我正打算去公园野餐，却因一场突如其来的暴雨不得不待在家中。 I     in the park this weekend, but had to stay at home because of a sudden heavy rain. 【答案】was going to have a picnic 【详解】表示过去打算、计划做某事，体现从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作，用was going to do sth。“野餐”为have a picnic。 6. Mike told me that     Disneyland the next day. 迈克告诉我他第二天要去参观迪士尼乐园。 【答案】he would visit /was going to visit/was to visit 【详解】考查过去将来时。此处为宾语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句需用过去将来时，表示从过去角度看将要发生的动作。英语中过去将来时可由“would+动词原形”、“was/were going to+动词原形”或“was/were to+动词原形”构成，且主语为he，因此三种形式he would visit、he was going to visit、he was to visit均正确。故填he would visit /was going to visit/was to visit。 7. John was a little worried because he     a new job the next day and he wasn’t sure whether he would be fit for it. 约翰有点担心, 因为他第二天要做一份新工作, 他不确定自己能否胜任。 【答案】would do/was going to do/was to do 【详解】考查过去将来时。根据句意，此处表示“第二天将要做”，主句为一般过去时，从句需用过去将来时，可用would do、was going to do或was to do。故填would do/was going to do/was to do。 8. 她说当她老了后, 她要住在乡村。 She said she     the village when she was old. 【答案】was going to live in 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“住在”短语为live in，根据上文said可知宾语从句应用过去的时态，此处计划，用过去将来时was/were going to do，主语为she，故填was going to live in。 9. 我正要离开教室，这时老师叫住了我。(be about to do...when...) I         the teacher called me back. 【答案】was about to leave the classroom when 【详解】表示“正要做某事，这时(突然)……”用固定句型be about to do...when...，结合called可知，句子描述过去的情况，主语为I，be动词用was，“离开教室”为leave the classroom，即was about to leave the classroom when。 10. “be about to do...when...”结构 I       I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 我正要洗澡，这时我听到人们在尖叫，狗在狂吠。 【答案】was about to have a bath when 【详解】结合提示表示“正要做某事，这时……”使用“be about to do...when...”结构，“洗澡”使用动词短语have a bath，由heard可知be动词使用was。 11. be to do结构   The next morning I    (去西部) to make my fortune. 【答案】was to start for the West 【详解】句意：第二天早上，我就要动身去西部闯一番事业。根据句意设空处表达的含义为“要去西部”，表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。英语中常用“be to do”结构表示按计划、安排即将发生的事情。主语为I，根据语境描述的是过去某时的计划，应用过去将来时，be动词用was；start for意为“动身前往”，the West意为“西部”。 12. Yes, I    (即将或正要(做某事)) go get the letter. 【答案】was about to/am about to 【详解】句意：是的，我正要去拿那封信。表示“即将或正要(做某事)”应用be about to do...，本句没有明确的时间暗示，既可表现在看来即将发生的事情，此处主语为I，用am about to，也可表过去看来即将发生的事情，用was about to。 13. 我小时候，奶奶总会在冬天给我织毛衣。 When I was a child, my grandma     in winter. 【答案】would knit sweaters for me 【详解】表示“给我织毛衣”短语为knit sweaters for me，结合上文When I was a child可知此处表示过去的习惯，即过去常常做某事，用would+动词原形。 14. I would    (自愿做) go out with local reporters and do the stuff they didn’t want to do. 【答案】volunteer to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我愿意主动与当地记者一起工作，承担那些他们不想做的任务。根据汉语提示可知短语为volunteer to，且would后跟动词原形。故填volunteer to。 15. When I taught, I would    (给……布置一个题目) the children which they would write about. 【答案】assign a topic to 【详解】考查固定搭配题。句意：我教书的时候，会给孩子们布置一个写作题目。表示“给……布置一个题目”用assign a topic to，用动词原形，位于情态动词would后，动词assign用原形。故填assign a topic to。 三 语篇语法填空 During the war my husband (1)__________(station) at an army camp in a desert in California. I went to live there in order to be near him. I hated the place and I had never been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty and I was left in a tiny house alone. The heat was (2)__________(bear) —almost 125 °F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌). The wind blew non-stop and the air I breathed were filled with sand sand sand! I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I couldn’t stand it one minute longer and I (3)__________(come) back home. I would rather be in prison! My father answered my letter with just two lines that (4)__________(change) my life completely: Two men looked out from prison bars, one saw the mud the other saw the stars. I read those two lines over and over and was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out (5)__________was good in my present situation; I (6)__________(look) for the stars. I made friends with the natives and their reaction amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks (7)__________ they had refused to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus. I watched for the desert sunsets and hunted for seashells that (8)__________(leave) there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean floor. What brought about this astonishing change in me? The desert hadn’t changed, (9)__________ I had. I had changed my attitude. And by doing so, I changed an unhappy experience (10)__________ the most amazing adventure of my life. I was excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and found the stars. 【答案】 (1) was stationed (2) unbearable (3) was coming (4) would change (5) what (6) would look (7) which/that (8) had been left (9) but (10) into (时间：40分钟) Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. It is an a   game in our school, which is often held in October every year. 【答案】annual 【详解】句意：这是我们学校一年一度的比赛，通常在每年十月举行。设空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词game，再结合句意“每年的、一年一度的”和首字母可知是annual。 2. By greeting every classmate warmly, Amy made a positive first  (印象) on her new class. 【答案】impression 【详解】句意：通过热情地问候每一位同学，艾米给新班级留下了良好的第一印象。根据汉语提示“印象”可知，应填入名词impression作宾语。固定搭配 make a...impression on ...意为“给……留下……的印象”。 3. The  (当前的) situation calls for immediate action from both the government and the public. 【答案】current 【详解】句意：当前的局势要求政府和公众立即采取行动。设空处位于定冠词The和名词situation之间，需用形容词作定语修饰名词。根据汉语提示“当前的”，对应的英文单词为current或present。 4. So it is a  (风俗)that people admire the moon on that night. 【答案】custom 【详解】句意：所以人们在那天晚上赏月是一种习俗。custom表示“习俗”，故填custom。 5. It is c   to go shopping at present. You can go to the physical stores or do it online. 【答案】convenient 【详解】句意：现在购物很方便。你可以去实体店，也可以在网上购物。 根据“You can go to the physical stores or do it online”可知，现在购物很方便，再结合首字母为c可知，空处应用形容词convenient，意为“方便的”，在句中作表语。 6. He is one of the students who are s  (选择) to take part in the competition. 【答案】selected/elected 【详解】句意：他是被选中参加比赛的学生之一。“选择”使用动词select，动词使用过去分词形式，与空前的are构成一般现在时的被动语态。 7. The competition attracted over 600 contestants r  (代表) eight different countries. 【答案】representing 【详解】句意：这场比赛吸引了600多名参赛者，代表八个不同的国家。根据汉语提示“代表”和首字母r可知，此处为动词represent，作后置定语，修饰名词contestants，contestants和represent之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式representing。 8. The boy was b  (咬) by a stray dog when he walked through Sanxia Square yesterday. 【答案】bitten 【详解】句意：昨天这个男孩走过三峡广场时被一只流浪狗咬了。根据首字母和汉语提示“咬”可知，应填入动词bite；分析句子结构可知，主语The boy与动词bite之间是被动关系，且空前有be动词was，故此处应使用被动语态(was + 过去分词)，bite的过去分词为bitten。 9. She knew that each picture inside was a  (珍贵的) memory of her childhood. 【答案】precious 【详解】句意：她知道里面的每一张照片都是她童年的一段珍贵记忆。根据汉语提示“珍贵的”可知，此处应填入形容词precious，作前置定语修饰名词memory。 10. He has given up his free lifestyle to s  (定居) down with his baby daughter. 【答案】settle 【详解】考查动词。句意：他放弃了自由的生活方式，和他的小女儿安定下来。短语settle down“定居”，根据上文to，故填settle。 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1. The modern sports stadium left a strong  (impressive) on me. 【答案】impression 【详解】句意：这座现代化的体育馆给我留下了深刻的印象。不定冠词a后面需要接名词单数，impressive的名词形式是impression“印象”，作宾语。 2. The real danger is that too much reliance on AI could lead to a  (generate) of young people unequipped for the jobs of the future because they have never learned to think creatively or critically. 【答案】generation 【详解】句意：真正的危险在于，过度依赖人工智能可能导致一代年轻人无法胜任未来的工作，因为他们从未学会创造性或批判性地思考。此处需作介词to的宾语，由a可知，需填名词的单数形式，generate的名词形式是generation。 3. The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated   honour of an ancient poet, Qu Yuan. 【答案】in 【详解】句意：人们庆祝端午节是为了纪念古代诗人屈原。固定搭配in honour of意为“为纪念……”，所以此处为介词in。 4. Her facial expression showed her eagerness  (observe) the unique festival. 【答案】to observe 【详解】句意：她的面部表情展现出她想要去观摩这个独特节日的渴望。固定搭配eagerness to do sth表示“做某事的渴望”，不定式作后置定语，所以此处为to observe。 5. Acceptance increases peace within us, unlike social media interaction, which  (promote) self-judgment and other-judgment. 【答案】promotes 【详解】句意：与会促进自我判断和他人判断的社交媒体互动不同，接纳会增加我们内心的平静。本句描述一般情况，应使用一般现在时，which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词social media interaction，所以从句谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式promotes。 6. To eat one, you have to decide whether  (bite) a small hole in it first, ... or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth. 【答案】to bite 【详解】句意：要吃一个，你必须先决定是在它上面咬一个小洞，……还是把整个饺子放进嘴里。本句为疑问词+动词不定式，作decide的宾语。 7. Asian-American parents took a more  (reason) approach conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives. 【答案】reasonable 【详解】句意：亚裔美国父母采取了一种更为合理的方式，向孩子传达学业上的成功能如何改善他们的生活。修饰名词用形容词reasonable，作定语。 8. Parents find   important that kids learn to be independent. 【答案】it 【详解】句意：父母发现孩子学会独立很重要。find it+adj.+that从句，it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面that引导的从句。 9. My father often  (swim) in the pool in summer. 【答案】swims 【详解】句意：我父亲夏天经常在游泳池里游泳。根据上文often可知为一般现在时，主语为father，谓语用三单形式。 10. Not too long ago,   a cold winter night, there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no. 【答案】on 【详解】句意：不久前，在一个寒冷的冬夜，有一个十几岁的孩子想要更多的屏幕时间，而一个家长拒绝了。a cold winter night是被形容词修饰的具体夜晚，属于具体某一天的晚上，介词用on。 Ⅲ.短语填空 阅读下列句子，选择一个适当的词组填入空白处。 result in       apart from       eager to       in the hope of       pick up set off       keep in mind      aware of       break away from      get through 1. The bus is used to   students living outside the city. 2. More and more people are   the risk of the identity theft. 3. The eagle managed to   the trap and returned to the open sky. 4. It took me a long time to   all the applications for the talent show. 5. A failure to communicate within the team could   misunderstandings. 6. Our school offers diverse clubs   discovering students’ hidden talents. 7. Teenagers are   explore the outside world and make their own choices. 8. We should   that safety comes first when taking part in outdoor sports. 9. We need to   before dawn tomorrow if we want to avoid the heavy traffic. 10. What impressed me most was the kindness of the local people   the beautiful scenery. 【答案】 1. pick up 2. aware of 3. break away from 4. get through 5. result in 6. in the hope of 7. eager to 8. keep in mind 9. set off 10. apart from 【详解】 1. 考查动词短语。句意：这辆公交车用于接送住在城外的学生。be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”，空处填动词短语原形。结合students living outside the city可知，此处表示接送学生，pick up“(用车)接送”符合题意。 2. 考查形容词短语。句意：越来越多的人意识到身份盗用的风险。be aware of为固定短语，意为“意识到；知晓”，符合人们察觉风险的语境。 3. 考查动词短语。句意：这只鹰成功挣脱陷阱，重回广阔的天空。manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”，空处填动词短语原形。结合后文returned to the open sky可知，此处表示挣脱陷阱，break away from“挣脱；脱离”符合题意。 4. 考查动词短语。句意：我花了很长时间才处理完所有才艺秀的申请表。固定句型it takes sb. some time to do sth.，空处应填动词短语原形，结合宾语applications可知，此处表示处理、完成文件，get through“处理；完成”符合题意。 5. 考查动词短语。句意：团队内部沟通不畅可能会导致误解。情态动词could后接动词原形。结合A failure to communicate可知，沟通问题会引发误解，result in“导致；造成”符合题意。 6. 考查介词短语。句意：我们学校开设多种多样的社团，希望发掘学生们的潜在天赋。此处为介词短语作目的状语，结合常识可知开设社团的目的是发掘学生天赋，in the hope of“怀着……的希望”符合语境。 7. 考查形容词短语。句意：青少年渴望探索外面的世界并做出自己的选择。be eager to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“渴望做某事”，契合青少年想要探索外界的心态。 8. 考查动词短语。句意：参加户外运动时，我们应当牢记安全第一。情态动词should后接动词原形。结合safety comes first可知，此处表示谨记安全准则，keep in mind“牢记；记住”符合语境。 9. 考查动词短语。句意：如果我们想避开拥堵的交通，明天天亮前就要出发。need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”，空处填动词短语原形。结合if we want to avoid the heavy traffic可知，要避开堵车需要提前动身出发，set off“出发；启程”符合题意。 10. 考查介词短语。句意：除了美丽的风景之外，最让我印象深刻的是当地人的善良。结合句意，句子同时提及风景和当地人的善意，apart from“除……之外(还有)”符合语境。 Ⅳ.高级句式表达 1. You have a good command of writing plays, which impresses me a lot. →I'm         the fact that you have a good command of writing plays. (impress) →The fact that you have a good command of writing plays        . (impression) →         is that you have a good command of writing plays.(what引导主语从句) 2. He is taller than any other student in his class. →He         in his class. →He         in his class. →No one in his class        . 3. I have never seen a nicer bird than this one. →        .(最高级)  4. We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. →        .(改为被动语态) 5. She observed that a man was walking on the opposite of the way. →        .(简单句) 6. I have the honour tog ive/ of giving a speech here on behalf of my class. →         here on behalf of my class.(honour n.) →         here on behalf of my class.(honour v.) 7. Fortunately, they found me with great effort →          .(fortunate) 8. He is taller than any other student in his class. →He         in his class. →He         in his class. →No one in his class        . 【答案】 1. deeply impressed by/with; makes a deep impression on me; What impresses me a lot 2. is taller than anyone else; is taller than all the other students; is taller than him 3. This is the nicest bird I have ever seen. 4. She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom 5. She observed a man walking on the opposite of the way 6. It is my honour to give a speech; I am/feel honoured to give a speech 7. It is fortunate that they found me with great effort 8. is taller than anyone else; is taller than all the other students; is taller than him Ⅴ.阅读理解 A In ancient China, education was highly valued in society and teachers enjoyed remarkable social status(社会地位). People believed good education could shape one’s character and change one’s future. The teacher‑acceptance ritual(典礼；仪式) was a formal and serious ceremony to mark the official start of the teacher‑student relationship. It was far more than a simple greeting. It carried people’s sincere respect and whole‑hearted devotion(投入) to knowledge and moral training. Both rich and ordinary families attached great importance to this ceremony, because parents expected their children to get valuable guidance from knowledgeable teachers. During the complete ceremony, a dignified(庄重的) teacher would sit behind a desk with a painted portrait of Confucius placed on it. As the great pioneer of traditional Chinese education, Confucius was respected by countless learners. A young student wearing plain traditional clothing would first bow deeply to Confucius to show respect for wisdom and virtue(美德). After that, he bowed to his new teacher, regarding the teacher as his lifelong guide for moral and intellectual growth. At this moment, the student promised to stay modest and follow the teacher’s teachings in daily life. As an important part of the ritual, the student presented liuli shuxiu, six symbolic gifts with special meanings: celery for hard‑working spirits; lotus seeds for purity; red beans for sincerity; dates for early success; dried longan for wisdom; dried meat as a token(象征) of care. These items were chosen for good meanings rather than high market value. Dried meat was a typical offering at that time. Because food supplies were limited and precious in old times, this gift stood for students’ heartfelt gratitude for teachers’ long‑term guidance. These special gifts were not only used in acceptance ceremonies. On some traditional festivals, students also sent similar presents to show thanks. All these customs reflect the deep‑rooted Chinese tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education. 1. What can we know about the teacher‑acceptance ritual? A. It was only popular among wealthy families. B. It marked the official beginning of teacher‑student relationship. C. It was held mainly to celebrate children’s big achievements. D. It helped parents improve their social position greatly. 2. What would a student do right after bowing to Confucius in the ceremony? A. He would give liuli shuxiu to the teacher immediately. B. He would make a speech in memory of ancient educators. C. He would bow to his new teacher for life‑long guidance. D. He would choose suitable gifts for coming traditional festivals. 3. What is true about liuli shuxiu according to the text? A. People valued its symbolic meanings more than its price. B. Every gift was specially prepared for spring festival celebrations. C. Dried meat was meant to wish students early success in study. D. Students must finish preparing them before seeing Confucius’ portrait. 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Food in ancient times was plentiful and easy to get. B. Similar thankful gifts appeared on some traditional festivals. C. Dried meat was the only gift used in teacher‑acceptance rituals. D. Ordinary families could not afford ritual gifts for teachers. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国古代拜师礼的文化意义、完整仪式流程以及六礼束脩的象征内涵，展现了中国自古以来尊师重教的深厚传统。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The teacher‑acceptance ritual was a formal and serious ceremony to mark the official start of the teacher‑student relationship.(拜师礼是一种正式而庄重的仪式，标志着师生关系的正式开启。)”可知，拜师礼的核心作用是宣告师生关系正式建立。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A young student wearing plain traditional clothing would first bow deeply to Confucius to show respect for wisdom and virtue (美德). After that, he bowed to his new teacher, regarding the teacher as his lifelong guide for moral and intellectual growth.(一名身着朴素传统服饰的年轻学子，会先向孔子深深鞠躬，以此表达对智慧与美德的崇敬。在此之后，他再向新拜师的老师行礼，将老师视作自己品德与学识成长道路上的终身引路人。)”可知，学生向孔子行礼之后，接下来要向新老师行礼拜师，将其奉为终身成长的指引。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These items were chosen for good meanings rather than high market value.(人们选择这些礼品是出于其美好的寓意，而非高昂的市场价值。)”可知，六礼束脩的核心价值在于象征意义，而非价格高低，人们更看重其承载的精神期许。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On some traditional festivals, students also sent similar presents to show thanks.(在一些传统节日里，学生们也会赠送类似的礼物以表达谢意。)”可知，这类谢师礼物并非仅存在于拜师仪式中；由此可推知，表达感谢的同类礼物也会出现在部分传统节日里。 B Nowadays, many teenagers spend most of their free time on short videos or online games. Few of them take time to feel the beauty of traditional Chinese culture. However, a special Mid-Autumn fair in Zhouning, Fujian, shows us a great way to connect young people with our old culture. The fair opened on Sept 25 at Carp Brook Scenic Area. It mixes poetry, music and light shows together. The event centers on poetry, wine and traditional performances. Actors dress up as Li Bai and Su Shi, two famous ancient poets, and talk and play games with visitors. There are many fun activities for young visitors. Students can join poetry recitation, pitch-pot and lantern riddles. If they collect six stamps on a special card, they can get nice Mid-Autumn gifts. Besides, visitors can enjoy light shows and rod-puppet plays. They can also try bottle painting or write calligraphy on bookmarks. These hands-on experiences make culture no longer just words in textbooks. The fair lasts until Sept 27. It uses the local 800-year-old fish-protection culture and beautiful natural sights to build a wonderful night trip. Such cultural fairs are really meaningful for teenagers. They help us learn history and poems in lively ways, not only from books. When young people take part in these activities, they will fall in love with traditional culture and pass it on. But we still need more such activities. Schools and cities should create more opportunities for students to experience traditional culture. Culture is not far away. It can be fun, interactive and full of poetic light. 5. What can we infer about the activities at the fair? A. Visitors can watch light shows only after they recite poems. B. Visitors can get gifts after collecting six stamps. C. Visitors can take part in all activities without any tickets. D. Visitors can meet the real Li Bai and Su Shi there. 6. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The fair is held to protect the local fish in the river. B. Visitors can watch rod-puppet shows and get free mooncakes there. C. The fair will last for more than one week. D. Visitors can try bottle painting and write calligraphy on bookmarks. 7. Why does the writer think the fair is helpful to teenagers? A. It stops teenagers from playing online games completely. B. It helps them learn traditional culture in interesting ways. C. It teaches them how to make different kinds of lanterns. D. It gives students chances to win many school prizes. 8. What is the main idea of the text? A. To describe old local fish-protection culture B. To introduce ancient poets’ life stories C. To show a cultural fair’s great value D. To tell fun ways to celebrate Mid-Autumn 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. B 8. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了福建周宁一场别出心裁的中秋文化市集：它将诗词、音乐、灯光秀与投壶、猜灯谜、瓶绘、书签书法等互动体验融为一体，让青少年在动手参与中亲近传统文化，作者也呼吁学校和城市多举办此类活动。 5. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If they collect six stamps on a special card, they can get nice Mid-Autumn gifts.(如果他们在一张特制卡片上集满六枚印章，就能获得精美的中秋礼物。)”可推知，游客集满六枚印章后即可领到中秋礼物。 6. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They can also try bottle painting or write calligraphy on bookmarks.(他们还可以尝试瓶绘，或者在书签上书写书法。)”可知，“游客可以体验瓶绘并在书签上写书法”是正确表述。 7. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They help us learn history and poems in lively ways, not only from books.(它们帮助我们以生动的方式学习历史和诗歌，而不仅仅是从书本上学习。)”可知，作者认为这场市集能让青少年以有趣的方式学习传统文化。 8. 主旨大意题。本文先描述当下青少年很少感受传统文化之美的社会现象，接着详细介绍福建周宁中秋文化市集的相关情况与特色活动。第四段中的“Such cultural fairs are really meaningful for teenagers. They help us learn history and poems in lively ways, not only from books.(这样的文化市集对青少年来说确实很有意义。它们帮助我们以生动的方式学习历史和诗歌，而不仅仅是从书本上学习。)”点明市集对青少年的教育意义；第五段末尾“Culture is not far away. It can be fun, interactive and full of poetic light.(文化并不遥远。它可以充满趣味、具备互动性，还富有诗意的光芒。)”进一步升华观点。两处语句共同点明文章主旨，展现这场中秋文化盛会的巨大价值。C项表示“展示一场文化市集的巨大价值”，能涵盖本文的主旨。 Ⅵ.完形填空 Mrs Li, a Chinese, runs a teahouse in a small town in England. The shop, serving both tea and stories, has become a surprising 1 between two different cultures. At first, local people were 2 to enter. They knew little about Chinese tea culture and felt awkward for being unable to drink properly. Mrs Li did not 3 . Instead, she placed small signs explaining tea etiquette(礼仪) and left out free samples. Slowly, customers 4 . Some residents slowly came regularly. She also began to 5 events: mooncake-making during Mid-Autumn Festival, calligraphy workshops, and Chinese New Year parties. Locals loved the 6 and treasure the chance to understand a completely different culture. Many started 7 Chinese phrases and asking about traditions. For Mrs Li, the experience is 8 . “I came here thinking I would miss home,” she said, “but now this town 9 like home. I teach them about China; they teach me about England.” Such small cultural 10 are happening worldwide. They are not grand exhibitions or famous festivals. They are quiet, daily 11 that build trust and respect. They show that understanding arises not from big gestures but from 12 moments — over a cup of tea or a piece of mooncake. In a world divided by differences, these little links serve as powerful reminders that we are more 13 than we think. Cultural exchange is not about changing who we are but about respecting each other’s 14 and celebrating mutual understanding. And that is how we 15 a more connected world. 1. A. route B. signal C. symbol D. bridge 2. A. eager B. hesitant C. prepared D. content 3. A. push B. change C. act D. pass 4. A. gave up B. dropped in C. moved on D. set off 5. A. attend B. recall C. host D. record 6. A. issues B. challenges C. festivals D. experiences 7. A. enquiring B. penning C. memorizing D. marking 8. A. disturbing B. amazing C. boring D. engaging 9. A. sounds B. remains C. feels D. appears 10. A. exchanges B. roots C. origins D. conflicts 11. A. contacts B. connections C. conducts D. contributions 12. A. lost B. silenced C. relieved D. shared 13. A. distinct B. independent C. alike D. conventional 14. A. equality B. pursuit C. privacy D. uniqueness 15. A. build B. invent C. affect D. picture 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 【导语】文章主要讲述了李太太在英国小镇经营茶馆，以茶和文化活动搭建中英交流桥梁。这类日常文化联结告诉我们，文化交流重在尊重差异，共建相融的世界。 1. 考查名词。句意：这家茶馆既提供茶水也分享故事，意外成为两种不同文化之间的桥梁。A. route路线；B. signal信号；C. symbol象征；D. bridge桥梁。根据后文“between two different cultures”可知，这里茶馆连接中英两种文化，bridge表示文化沟通的桥梁。 2. 考查形容词。句意：起初当地人犹豫不敢进店。A. eager渴望的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. prepared准备好的；D. content满意的。后文“They knew little about Chinese tea culture and felt awkward for being unable to drink properly.”说他们不了解中国茶文化，担心喝茶方式不对，所以是犹豫。 3. 考查动词。句意：李太太没有逼迫他们。A. push逼迫；B. change改变；C. act行动；D. pass通过。后文“Instead, she placed small signs explaining tea etiquette (礼仪) and left out free samples.”提到她改用小标牌讲解礼仪、提供免费试喝，说明她没有强迫顾客。 4. 考查动词短语。句意：慢慢地顾客开始顺路到访。A. gave up放弃；B. dropped in顺便拜访；C. moved on继续前进；D. set off出发。后文“Some residents slowly came regularly.”提到一些居民开始定期前来，说明顾客慢慢进店体验。 5. 考查动词。句意：她还开始举办活动：中秋做月饼、书法工坊和中国新年派对。A. attend参加；B. recall回忆；C. host主办；D. record记录。根据后文“events: mooncake-making during Mid-Autumn Festival, calligraphy workshops, and Chinese New Year parties.”可知，活动是李太太举办的。 6. 考查名词。句意：当地人喜爱这些体验，珍惜了解完全不同文化的机会。A. issues问题；B. challenges挑战；C. festivals节日；D. experiences体验。根据上文“mooncake-making during Mid-Autumn Festival, calligraphy workshops, and Chinese New Year parties.”可知，做月饼、书法课都属于文化体验。 7. 考查动词。句意：许多人开始记忆中文短语，询问传统习俗。A. enquiring询问；B. penning书写；C. memorizing记忆；D. marking标记。根据后文“Chinese phrases and asking about traditions”可知，随着文化体验，许多人开始记忆中文短语。 8. 考查形容词。句意：对李太太来说，这段经历令人惊喜。A. disturbing令人不安的；B. amazing令人惊叹的；C. boring无聊的；D. engaging吸引人的。后文““I came here thinking I would miss home,” she said, “but now this town ____ like home.””提到她原本以为会想家，而现在小镇像家一样，因此这段经历是令人惊叹的。 9. 考查动词。句意：但现在这个小镇感觉像家。A. sounds听起来；B. remains保持；C. feels感觉；D. appears似乎。根据后文“like home”可知，feel like是固定搭配，表示“感觉像”。 10. 考查名词。句意：这样小型的文化交流正在世界各地发生。A. exchanges交流；B. roots根源；C. origins起源；D. conflicts冲突。根据第三段末“I teach them about China; they teach me about England.”可知，此处是指文化交流。 11. 考查名词。句意：它们是安静日常的联结，建立信任与尊重。A. contacts接触；B. connections联系，联结；C. conducts行为；D. contributions贡献。根据后文“that build trust and respect”可知，这些小事搭建起人与人之间的联系，且最后一段末“a more connected world”也是提示。 12. 考查形容词。句意：它们表明理解并非来自盛大的举动，而是来自共享的时刻——共饮一杯茶或共尝一块月饼。A. lost丢失的；B. silenced沉默的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. shared共享的。根据第二段“mooncake-making during Mid-Autumn Festival, calligraphy workshops, and Chinese New Year parties.”可知，大家一起喝茶、做月饼，属于共同度过的时刻。 13. 考查形容词。句意：在一个因差异而分裂的世界里，这些小小的联结有力提醒我们，我们比想象中更相似。A. distinct明显不同的；B. independent独立的；C. alike相似的；D. conventional传统的。根据上文“In a world divided by differences, these little links serve as powerful reminders that we are more”可知，小小的文化纽带说明人类有共通之处，即人们更为相似。 14. 考查名词。句意：文化交流不是改变我们自身，而是尊重彼此的独特之处，庆祝相互理解。A. equality平等；B. pursuit追求；C. privacy隐私；D. uniqueness独特性。根据上文“Cultural exchange is not about changing who we are”可知，文化交流需要尊重各自独特的文化。 15. 考查动词。句意：这就是我们构建联系更加紧密的世界的方式。A. build构建；B. invent发明；C. affect影响；D. picture描绘。根据上文“Cultural exchange is not about changing who we are but about respecting each other’s ____ and celebrating mutual understanding.”可知，尊重彼此的独特之处，庆祝相互理解是我们构建联系更加紧密的世界的方式。build a world表示“构建一个世界”。 Ⅶ.语法填空 China is the birthplace of kites. Making and flying kites is one of the ancient Chinese folk skills. Kites are also an important part of the Chinese culture. Kites 1 (invent) by the Chinese during the Spring and Autumn Period, having a history of over 2,000 years. It is said that Mozi, an ancient Chinese thinker, made a wooden bird after the work of three years. This might be 2 earliest kite in human history. Then Lu Ban made changes to the kite of Mozi by using bamboo. Some folk custom experts said that ancestors invented kites 3 (main) to memorize their family members and friends 4 had died. So on the Qingming Festival people would make and fly kites, hoping that their 5 (sad) could be passed to the dead through the kites. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, kites began to be used 6 the purpose of sending messages. 7 the Sui-Tang Period, paper has been used to make kites because of the papermaking. In the Song Dynasty, flying kites became a favorite outdoor sport of the people. According to researchers, kites were spread to Korea in the tenth century and then to Japan, and they were not spread to Europe until the thirteenth or fourteenth century. Flying kites 8 (need) skill. The controlling string(绳) and the pulling force are determined by the size and the shape of the kites, the environment and the wind. The right wind often blows in spring, 9 (make) it the perfect season for flying kites. If we want to play for fun, flying kites should be avoided on cloudy days and rainy days. Safety is also an important consideration. Flying kites should be done on open ground and it is not wise 10 (fly) kites in dangerous places such as waterside and tops of buildings. 【答案】 1. were invented 2. the 3. mainly 4. who/that 5. sadness 6. for 7. Since 8. needs 9. making 10. to fly 【导语】本文主要介绍风筝起源于中国，讲述风筝的发展历史、古时用途以及放风筝的相关技巧与安全注意事项。 1. 考查动词语态。句意：风筝是中国人在春秋时期发明的，拥有两千多年的历史。此处为谓语动词，主语Kites和invent之间为被动关系，根据时间状语during the Spring and Autumn Period可知用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，所以谓语动词为were invented。 2. 考查冠词。句意：这或许是人类历史上最早的风筝。形容词最高级earliest前面需要加定冠词the，所以用定冠词the。 3. 考查副词。句意：一些民俗专家称，祖先发明风筝主要是为了纪念逝去的亲友。此处修饰不定式短语to memorize their family members and friends，要用副词形式，main的副词mainly意为“主要地”。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：一些民俗专家称，祖先发明风筝主要是为了纪念逝去的亲友。先行词family members and friends指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可用关系代词who或that。 5. 考查名词。句意：所以人们会在清明节制作并放飞风筝，希望将悲伤通过风筝传递给逝者。形容词性物主代词their后面接名词，sad是形容词，其名词形式sadness意为“悲伤”。 6. 考查介词。句意：南北朝时期，风筝开始被用于传递信息。固定搭配for the purpose of意为“为了……目的”，所以此处为介词for。 7. 考查介词。句意：自隋唐时期起，由于造纸术，纸张被用来制作风筝。根据后面的现在完成时has been used可知，此处表示“自从”。 8. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：放风筝需要技巧。此处为谓语动词，主语Flying kites是动名词短语作主语，视为单数，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，所以谓语动词为needs。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：春天常有适宜的风，使它成为放风筝的最佳季节。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，make与前面整件事之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词making。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：放风筝应在空旷场地进行，在水边、楼顶这类危险地方放风筝是不明智的。固定句型it is +形容词 + to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，真正主语为后面的动词不定式to fly。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $