Unit 1 Great people Cross-curricular connection 同步分层作业 2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册

Unit 1 Great people Cross-curricular connection 分层作业 建议用时：30分钟 一、单词汉译英（Cross-curricular connection：发现与发明 Discovery and invention） 1. 发现 ____________ 2. 发明 ____________ 3. 专利 ____________ 4. 实验室 ____________ 5. 试验 ____________ 6. 证据 ____________ 7. 理论 ____________ 8. 技术 ____________ 9. 工具 ____________ 10. 进步 ____________ 11. 应用 ____________ 12. 观察 ____________ 二、短语汉译英（教材原短语） 1. 偶然发现 ____________ 2. 申请专利 ____________ 3. 在实验室里 ____________ 4. 解决问题 ____________ 5. 从……中学到 ____________ 6. 试了上千次 ____________ 7. 导致 ____________ 8. 为……打下基础 ____________ 三、词形变换（写出下列动词的名词形式） 1. discover → ____________ 2. invent → ____________ 3. apply → ____________ 4. observe → ____________ 5. measure → ____________ 一、单句填空（用括号内单词的正确形式填空） 1. Fleming ____________ (discover) penicillin by chance in 1928. 2. The machine was ____________ (test) for six months. 3. He ____________ (apply) for a patent last year. 4. Scientists ____________ (observe) the stars every night. 5. The theory ____________ (prove) correct many years later. 二、根据汉语意思完成句子（每空一词） 1. 弗莱明偶然发现了青霉素。 Fleming discovered penicillin ____________ ____________. 2. 他为这项发明申请了专利。 He ____________ ____________ a patent for the invention. 3. 这个理论后来被证明是正确的。 The theory ____________ correct later. 4. 科学家在实验室里工作。 Scientists work ____________ the ____________. 5. 这项发明改变了人们的生活。 The invention ____________ people's ____________. 三、句型转换 1. Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.（对画线部分提问） ____________ ____________ Fleming discover penicillin? 2. The experiment was very successful.（改为感叹句） ____________ ____________ successful experiment it was! 3. People use this tool every day.（改为被动语态） This tool ____________ ____________ every day. 4. He invented a new machine.（改为一般疑问句） ____________ he ____________ a new machine? 5. The discovery changed medicine.（改为否定句） The discovery ____________ ____________ medicine. 四、选词填空（科学与技术） 【patent, laboratory, evidence, theory, technology】 1. He got a ____________ for his new machine last year. 2. The students did the experiment in the school ____________. 3. There is no ____________ to support that story. 4. Darwin's ____________ changed the way we understand life. 5. New ____________ has made farming much easier. 五、情景补全对话（5个空，6个选项，1项多余） A. What is the difference between them? B. Who discovered it? C. Was it an accident? D. How long did it take to become useful? E. Do inventors need patents? F. What should we invent next? Ben: Lily, I am confused by two words in the reading: discovery and invention. Lily: They look similar, but they are quite different. Ben: 1.____________ Lily: A discovery finds something that already exists. An invention creates something new. Ben: 2.____________ Lily: Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, when he saw mould killing bacteria. Ben: 3.____________ Lily: Yes, in a way. He was cleaning his lab and noticed something unusual. Ben: 4.____________ Lily: About fifteen years. Other scientists had to make it in large amounts. Ben: 5.____________ Lily: Most do, because a patent protects both the inventor and the idea. 拓展提高（课内同源 + 课外同源） Passage1（课内同源：是发现，还是发明？） 　　A discovery finds something that was always there. An invention makes something that never existed before. / Penicillin is a good example of a discovery. In 1928, Alexander Fleming came back from holiday and found mould growing in a dish of bacteria. Around the mould, the bacteria had died. Fleming did not invent penicillin; the mould did. He discovered it, and then spent years trying to understand it. / The telephone is a good example of an invention. Alexander Graham Bell put together metal, wire and electricity in a new way, and in 1876 a voice travelled along a wire for the first time. Nothing like it existed before. / The line between the two is not always clean. A new material may be invented, while the law that controls it is discovered. Marie Curie discovered radium, but she also invented methods for measuring it. / Scientists say the two skills belong together: an inventor must observe carefully, and a discoverer must build tools. Progress comes when the two meet. 任务一：单项选择 1.What did Fleming find around the mould? A.Dead bacteria. B.A new metal. C.A patent. D.A telephone. 2.What does the writer say about the line between discovery and invention? A.It is not always clean. B.It is always clear. C.It does not exist. D.It was drawn by Bell. 任务二：判断正误(T/F) 3.Penicillin is given as an example of a discovery. (　　) 4.Fleming invented penicillin in 1928. (　　) 任务三：简答 5.When did a voice first travel along a wire, according to the passage? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Passage2（课外同源：一个意外，救了千万人） 　　In September 1928, Alexander Fleming returned to his laboratory in London after a holiday. Before leaving, he had left some dishes of bacteria on a bench. Now one dish was covered with a blue-green mould, and around the mould the bacteria had disappeared. / Most people would have washed the dish. Fleming looked closer. He found that the mould produced a substance that stopped bacteria from growing. He called it penicillin, but he could not make enough of it, and for ten years it remained a laboratory curiosity. / In 1939, two scientists at Oxford, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain, began to study penicillin again. With a team of helpers, they found a way to produce it in large amounts. By 1944, there was enough for every Allied soldier who needed it. / Fleming, Florey and Chain shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1945. Penicillin has since saved many millions of lives. / “One sometimes finds what one is not looking for,” Fleming wrote. But he also added a warning: “Chance favours the prepared mind.” 任务一：单项选择 1.What did Fleming notice around the mould? A.The bacteria had disappeared. B.The dish was broken. C.The mould was gold. D.The bacteria were bigger. 2.Who found a way to produce penicillin in large amounts? A.Florey and Chain. B.Fleming alone. C.Pasteur. D.Curie. 任务二：判断正误(T/F) 3.Fleming could make enough penicillin himself. (　　) 4.Fleming said that chance favours the prepared mind. (　　) 任务三：简答 5.What did Fleming call the substance from the mould? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 任务四：单元微写作 学校科技节要求介绍一项改变生活的发明或发现。请写一段话，不少于6句话。请写清它是什么、谁发现的、怎样改变生活，并用上 invention 和 by chance。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 夯实基础 一、单词汉译英 1.discover 2.invent 3.patent 4.laboratory 5.test 6.evidence 7.theory 8.technology 9.tool 10.progress 11.apply 12.observe 二、短语汉译英 1.discover by chance 2.apply for a patent 3.in the laboratory 4.solve a problem 5.learn from 6.try a thousand times 7.lead to 8.lay the foundation for 三、词形变换 1.discovery 2.invention 3.application 4.observation 5.measurement 能力进阶 一、单句填空 1.discovered 2.tested 3.applied 4.observe 5.proved 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.by; chance 2.applied; for 3.proved 4.in; laboratory 5.changed; lives 三、句型转换 1.When; did 2.What; a 3.is; used 4.Did; invent 5.didn't; change 四、选词填空 1.patent 2.laboratory 3.evidence 4.theory 5.technology 五、情景补全对话 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.E；多余项：F 拓展提高 Passage1 任务一：1.A 2.A 任务二：3.T 4.F 任务三简答：5.In 1876. Passage2 任务一：1.A 2.A 任务二：3.F 4.T 任务三简答：5.He called it penicillin. 任务四范文：The invention I want to introduce is the refrigerator, which changed the way we eat. Before it appeared, people kept food in cold cellars or bought ice from shops. In the nineteenth century, engineers found ways to make machines cold, and by the 1920s refrigerators were entering ordinary homes. This invention made fresh food safe for longer, so cities could grow much larger. It also changed farming, because milk and meat could travel further. Some discoveries happen by chance, but this one came from years of careful work. Today we open the door without thinking, and that is exactly what a great invention does: it becomes invisible. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $