Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（分层作业）英语外研版必修第一册

分层作业 Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 是……的家园__________ 2. 极目所至；一望无际__________ 3. 不辞辛苦做某事__________ 4. 把……变成……__________ 5. 增加……的面积__________ 6. 种植水稻__________ 7. 大量的雨水__________ 8. 防止……被冲走__________ 9. 与自然和谐相处__________ 10. 被巧妙地设计__________ 11. 彼此相连__________ 12. 在雨季__________ 13. 变成水蒸气__________ 14. 形成云__________ 15. 落到……上__________ 16. 为……提供理想的环境__________ 17. 以……为食__________ 18. 具有很高的价值__________ 19. 通过家庭代代相传__________ 20. 吸引成千上万的游客__________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. The Longji Rice Terraces lie in a mountainous ________（地区）of Guangxi. 2. The local people built ________（梯田）along the slopes to grow rice. 3. The mountains are very ________（陡峭的）, so there is little flat land. 4. The soil on the mountains is quite ________（浅的）. 5. The flat terraces help keep the ________（土壤）from being washed away. 6. The terraces ________（防止）rainwater from running straight down the mountains. 7. The landscape shows how people can live in ________（和谐）with nature. 8. The water system was cleverly ________（设计）to connect the terraces. 9. Rainwater moves along each ________（水道）from the mountains into the fields. 10. The sun heats the water and turns it into ________（水蒸气）. 11. Farmers grow rice ________（作物）on the terraces every year. 12. Some fish feed on ________（昆虫）that might harm the rice. 13. Traditional methods of ________（农业）are still used in Longji. 14. The knowledge is passed from one ________（一代人）to the next. 15. Local people continue to ________（维护）the terraces with ancient methods. 16. The beautiful terraces ________（吸引）thousands of visitors every year. 17. Many tourists come to ________（欣赏）this great wonder. 18. The most ________（重要的）feature is the cooperation between people and nature. 19. The ________（当地的）Zhuang and Yao people created the terraces. 20. The Longji Rice Terraces are a great ________（奇迹）created by people and nature. 三、单句语法填空。 1. Imagine mountains ________ (wrap) in silver water, shining in the spring sun. 2. These are the colours ________ the Longji Rice Terraces. 3. The terraces were built ________ the local Zhuang and Yao people. 4. Guangxi is home ________ many Zhuang and Yao people. 5. Work on the terraces took hundreds of years until it ________ (complete) in the early Qing Dynasty. 6. The terraces often stretch from the bottom ________ the very top of the mountains. 7. Why did the local people go to so much trouble ________ (turn) the mountains into terraces? 8. Building terraces increased the areas in ________ they could grow rice. 9. Although the region has plenty ________ rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow. 10. The flat terraces prevent the soil from ________ (wash) away. 11. People have worked ________ harmony with nature to make the terraces. 12. Hundreds of waterways connect ________ each other across the terraces. 13. During the rainy season, it is along these waterways ________ rainwater moves down the mountains. 14. The sun heats the water and turns it ________ vapour. 15. The vapour forms clouds from ________ rain falls down onto the terraces again. 16. The terraces provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of ________ feed on insects. 17. Some insects can ________ (harm) the rice crops. 18. The terraces still mean a lot ________ the local people. 19. This knowledge ________ (pass) down through families from generation to generation. 20. Thousands of visitors come every year ________ (admire) this great wonder. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 广西是许多壮族和瑶族人民的家园。 Guangxi ________ ________ ________ many Zhuang and Yao people. 2. 梯田绵延群山，放眼望去看不到尽头。 The terraces stretch ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 3. 修建这些梯田花了几百年时间。 Work on the terraces ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 4. 为什么当地人如此费力地把整座山变成梯田？ Why did the local people ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the mountains into terraces? 5. 修建梯田增加了他们种植水稻的土地面积。 Building the terraces ________ ________ ________ in which they could grow rice. 6. 这个地区雨水充足。 The region has ________ ________ ________. 7. 山势陡峭，而且土层很浅。 The mountains are ________ and the soil is ________. 8. 平坦的梯田接住雨水，防止土壤被冲走。 The flat terraces catch the rainwater and ________ the soil ________ ________ ________ ________. 9. 人们以与自然和谐相处的方式修建并耕种这些梯田。 People have built and farmed the terraces ________ ________ ________ ________. 10. 梯田被巧妙地设计成由数百条水道连接起来。 The terraces are ________ ________, with hundreds of waterways. 11. 这些水道彼此相连。 These waterways ________ ________ ________ ________. 12. 在雨季，雨水顺着水道流下山坡，进入梯田。 ________ ________ ________ ________, rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. 13. 太阳把水加热，使它变成水蒸气。 The sun heats the water and ________ it ________ ________. 14. 水蒸气形成云，雨水再从云中落到梯田上。 The vapour forms clouds ________ ________ rain falls down onto the terraces again. 15. 梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了理想的环境。 The terraces also ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ birds and fish. 16. 有些鸟和鱼以可能危害水稻的昆虫为食。 Some birds and fish ________ ________ insects that can harm the rice crops. 17. 现代技术可以帮助生产更多的农作物。 Modern technology could help ________ ________ ________. 18. 这些梯田对当地人来说仍然意义重大。 These terraces still ________ ________ ________ ________ the local people. 19. 这种知识通过家庭代代相传。 This knowledge ________ ________ ________ through families. 20. 游客前来欣赏这一由人与自然共同创造的伟大奇观。 Visitors come to ________ this great ________ created by people and nature ________ ________. 五、语法填空 （26-27高一上·安徽安庆·开学考试） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Luosifen: A Chinese Specialty Winning Global Hearts Luosifen, or river snail rice noodles, is an iconic dish with a pungent smell, ____1____ (originate) in Liuzhou, Guangxi. It usually contains pickled bamboo shoots, vegetables and peanuts in a spicy snail soup. As global interest in China grows, appreciation for this ____2____ (rich) flavored cooking creation is being shared by a growing number of foreigners who want to embrace the ____3____ (diverse) of Chinese cuisine. Shawn Christopher from New Zealand used to know only common Chinese dishes. When a new restaurant in Christchurch served Luosifen, he ____4____ (warn) the smell might be too intense. However, he loved its rich, layered soup and silky noodles. Previously popular mainly ____5____ overseas Chinese, Luosifen now wins more foreign fans. Companies like Guangxi Luobawang, ____6____ exports have reached nearly $20 million across 30 countries, adjust the flavors — making it less sour and spicy — to suit international tastes. The dish has also become ____7____ hit on social media. Liuzhou has carried out over 40 policies since 2016 ____8____ (promote) this local snack globally. Its special smell has spread worldwide, winning the hearts and ____9____ (stomach) of more young people. This rise from a street food to a global brand is not ____10____ (accident). It shows the unique charm of Chinese cuisine which is being recognized globally. 六、阅读理解 （26-27高三上·辽宁朝阳·开学考试） While researchers have long known that the global sea level is rising, a new study suggests that many have vastly underestimated how high the ocean waters are today. The study provides a wake-up call. “We finally have a really full-blown, comprehensive effort to sort this out, and the result — it's somewhat dramatic,” says Torbjorn Tornqvist, a geologist at Tulane University. “It turns out that we've been comparing apples to oranges nearly all the time.” Many scientists have estimated coastal sea levels — and the risk they pose to nearby communities — based on calculations involving the Earth's gravity and rotation (自转), called geoid models. But that's an oversimplification. “In reality, the sea level is influenced by additional factors such as winds, ocean currents, tides, as well as the temperature and salt content of the seawater,” says study co-author Philip Minderhoud. “The actual amount may therefore differ.” So, Minderhoud and his team analyzed 385 published studies on sea-level rise and coastal risks published from 2009 to 2025. More than 99% of them didn't use real sea-level measurements, which are available through satellite images and elsewhere, made errors with the data, or didn't properly document their processes, the team found. Their corrected calculations suggest that calculation gaps are the largest in Southeast Asia, where the coastal sea level is, on average, a little over three feet higher than previously assumed. If the water worldwide rises by that amount — which could happen by 2100 — the researchers estimate that up to 37% more land area and 68% more people, or about 132 million individuals, will be below sea level than past studies have predicted. “Simply put, if sea level in reality is higher for your particular island or coastal city than was previously assumed, the impacts from sea-level rise will materialize sooner than projected,” Minderhoud says. The findings have important implications for people in Southeast Asia and other locations where estimates of sea-level rise have been particularly off, and where people are especially weak against dangers. 1. What is Tornqvist's attitude to scientists' dependence on geoid models? A．Favorable. B．Unconcerned. C．Negative. D．Tolerant. 2. How did Minderhoud and his team prove their assumption? A．By making experiments. B．By quoting an expert. C．By analyzing documents. D．By defining a concept. 3. Why does the author mention the statistics in paragraph 4? A．To illustrate the importance of coasts. B．To compare different kinds of sea levels. C．To indicate the difficulty in correcting. D．To show the result of data inaccuracy. 4. What does the underlined word “materialize” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Occur. B．Gather. C．Stop. D．Survive. 七、七选五 （2026·河北沧州·一模） 根据短文内容，从选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people want to transform a rooftop into a functional and beautiful space. Walkable green roofs are an excellent choice. These innovative installations add visual appeal to a building. They contribute to the overall sustainability and livability of urban spaces. ___1___ The roof structure needs to be engineered to support the weight of soil, plants, and people. ___2___ Waterproofing is another critical aspect of the construction surface, ensuring that the underlying structure remains protected from water damage. ___3___ Drought-resistant plants, such as sedums and grasses, are commonly chosen for their ability to grow well in challenging conditions. These plants require minimal maintenance, conserve water, and also provide excellent insulation (隔热). They help regulate temperatures within the building as well. Additionally, a carefully selected mix of native plants can enhance biodiversity by providing habitats for insects, birds, and other wildlife. To ensure the best performance of a walkable green roof, a proper irrigation and drainage (排水) system must be carried out. ___4___ Besides, it ensures that plants receive the necessary water without excess. By promoting effective water management, walkable green roofs also contribute to stormwater management by reducing runoff and preventing pressure on the city's drainage systems. Maintenance of a walkable green roof is relatively straightforward compared to other types of landscaping. ___5___ They are to keep the plants healthy and prevent invasive species from taking over. Additionally, periodic fertilization and soil testing can help maintain the nutrient balance and overall health of the plants. A. This helps prevent much water building up. B. It's known that urban spaces continue to expand. C. One of the benefits is their ability to improve air quality. D. Regular inspections, maintenance, and weeding are necessary. E. One of the key aspects is the selection of suitable plant species. F. The construction of the roofs involves several considerations. G. Depending on the size, additional structural support may be required. 八、阅读理解 （2027·贵州贵阳·模拟预测） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Every year, travel professionals around the world vote for their favorite beaches, ranking them mainly by how unique each beach feels, if you can see wildlife, and how quiet it is. Other criteria include how easy it is to enter the water, how calm the sea is, how often the weather is just right and of course, how crowded the beach gets! Here are four beaches listed on The World's 50 Best Beaches 2026. Entalula Beach, the Philippines This year, the top-ranked beach is Entalula Beach in the Philippines. It boasts its white sand, clear blue water and tall cliffs. Since the only access there is by boat, it stays quiet and isn't very crowded. The calm water makes it easy to swim, too. Fteri Beach, Greece The second place is Fteri Beach in Greece. Located in a quiet area with high white cliffs, the beach has a mix of white stones and sand, and the water is clear and bright blue. Most people get there by boat or by walking down a steep path, so this beach also doesn't get too crowded. Wharton Beach, Australia In third place is Western Australia's Wharton Beach. With white sand and green-blue water, it's a popular place for surfing, and you can also see dolphins swimming. It's more than 650 kilometers southeast of Perth, so it's not very crowded, even in the summer! Keem Beach, Ireland Ireland might not be a country you would normally visit for its beaches. Despite being ranked 50th on the list, Keem Beach, hidden on Ireland's Achill Island, offers more than just sand and sea. It's surrounded by beautiful green hills, making it a unique place to visit. 1. How many aspects are the rankings based on? A．6 B．7 C．8 D．9 2. Which beach enjoys popularity among surfers? A．Entalula Beach. B．Fteri Beach. C．Wharton Beach. D．Keem Beach. 3. What makes Keem Beach special? A．The white sands. B．The white cliffs. C．The wild dolphins. D．The green hills. $ 分层作业 Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. be home to 11. connect with each other 2. as far as the eye can see 12. during the rainy season 3. go to so much trouble to do sth. 13. turn into vapour 4. turn ... into ... 14. form clouds 5. increase the areas 15. fall down onto 6. grow rice 16. provide a perfect environment for 7. plenty of rain 17. feed on 8. prevent ... from being washed away 18. hold much value 9. work in harmony with nature 19. be passed down through families 10. be cleverly designed 20. attract thousands of visitors 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. region 11. crops 2. terraces 12. insects 3. steep 13. agriculture 4. shallow 14. generation 5. soil 15. maintain 6. prevent 16. attract 7. harmony 17. admire 8. designed 18. significant 9. waterway 19. local 10. vapour 20. wonder 三、单句语法填空。 1. wrapped 11. in 2. of 12. with 3. by 13. that 4. to 14. into 5. was completed 15. which 6. to 16. which 7. to turn 17. harm 8. which 18. to 9. of 19. is passed 10. being washed 20. to admire 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. is home to 11. connect with each other 2. as far as the eye can see 12. During the rainy season 3. took hundreds of years to complete 13. turns; into vapour 4. go to so much trouble to turn 14. from which 5. increased the areas 15. provide a perfect environment for 6. plenty of rain 16. feed on 7. steep; shallow 17. produce more crops 8. prevent; from being washed away 18. mean a lot to 9. in harmony with nature 19. is passed down 10. cleverly designed 20. admire; wonder; working together 五、语法填空 1. originating 6. whose 2. richly 7. a 3. diversity 8. to promote 4. was warned 9. stomachs 5. among 10. accidental 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍广西柳州特色美食螺蛳粉如何从地方小吃走向世界，并分析其通过企业出口、口味调整、社交媒体传播和地方政策支持扩大国际影响的过程。 【详解】 1. originating。考查非谓语动词。主句已有谓语 is，空处作后置状语，Luosifen 与 originate 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词 originating。 2. richly。考查副词。空处修饰形容词 flavored，应用副词 richly，richly flavored 意为“味道浓郁的”。 3. diversity。考查名词。定冠词 the 后接名词，diverse 的名词形式为 diversity，表示“中国菜的多样性”。 4. was warned。考查时态和语态。主语 he 与 warn 为被动关系，且叙述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态 was warned。 5. among。考查介词。表示“主要在海外华人中流行”，应用 among，表示“在……群体中”。 6. whose。考查定语从句。先行词 Companies like Guangxi Luobawang 与 exports 构成所属关系，故用 whose。 7. a。考查冠词。hit 表示“很受欢迎的人或事物”时为可数名词单数，become a hit 意为“走红”，故填 a。 8. to promote。考查非谓语动词。地方出台政策的目的是在全球推广这一小吃，应用不定式作目的状语，故填 to promote。 9. stomachs。考查名词复数。与 hearts 并列，且修饰 more young people，应使用复数 stomachs。 10. accidental。考查形容词。be 动词 is 后作表语，应使用 accident 的形容词形式 accidental，意为“偶然的”。 六、阅读理解 1. C 3. D 2. C 4. A 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究人员通过重新分析大量海平面研究发现，许多以简化的大地水准面模型为基础的估算低估了真实沿海海平面，尤其在东南亚，这种误差可能显著放大未来海平面上升造成的风险。 【详解】 1. C 观点态度题。Tornqvist 用“comparing apples to oranges”和“oversimplification”批评长期依赖大地水准面模型的做法，说明他持否定态度，故选 C。 2. C 细节理解题。第三段明确说明 Minderhoud 团队分析了 2009 至 2025 年发表的 385 项研究，并检查其测量、数据和研究过程，因此是通过分析文献来验证判断，故选 C。 3. D 推理判断题。第四段列出“37% more land area”“68% more people”“132 million individuals”等数据，量化说明早期估算不准确可能造成的后果，故选 D。 4. A 词义猜测题。句意为：如果真实海平面高于此前假定值，那么海平面上升的影响会比预测更早“出现/发生”。Occur 与 materialize 在此语境中含义最接近，故选 A。 七、七选五 1. F 2. G 3. E 4. A 5. D 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍可步行绿色屋顶在建造和维护时需要考虑的主要因素，包括屋顶承重、防水、植物选择、灌溉排水系统以及后期检查和除草维护。 【详解】 1. F 空前总体说明绿色屋顶具有美观和可持续性价值，空后开始具体谈屋顶结构、承重和防水，因此 F 项“屋顶的建造涉及若干需要考虑的因素”承上启下，故选 F。 2. G 前文指出屋顶结构必须能够承受土壤、植物和人的重量，G 项“根据面积大小，可能需要额外的结构支撑”紧扣承重问题，故选 G。 3. E 空后连续介绍耐旱植物、本地植物及其选择标准，说明本段主题是植物品种的选择，E 项最符合段落中心，故选 E。 4. A 前文提到灌溉和排水系统，A 项“This helps prevent much water building up”说明排水系统可防止积水，与后文“plants receive the necessary water without excess”逻辑一致，故选 A。 5. D 空前谈绿色屋顶的维护，空后“They are to keep the plants healthy...”中的 They 需要复数先行内容。D 项中的 Regular inspections, maintenance, and weeding 正好与之衔接，故选 D。 八、阅读理解 1. B 2. C 3. D 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍 2026 年“世界 50 佳海滩”榜单中的四处海滩，并说明评选所考虑的独特性、野生动物、安静程度、下水便利性、海况、天气和拥挤程度等因素。 【详解】 1. B 细节理解题。第一段列出七个评选方面：独特性、能否看到野生动物、安静程度、下水是否方便、海面是否平静、天气是否适宜以及拥挤程度，共 7 项，故选 B。 2. C 细节理解题。Wharton Beach 段明确说“it’s a popular place for surfing”，因此深受冲浪者欢迎的是 Wharton Beach，故选 C。 3. D 细节理解题。Keem Beach 段指出海滩“is surrounded by beautiful green hills”，这使其成为独特的游览地，故选 D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $分层作业 Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 是……的家园__________ 2. 极目所至；一望无际__________ 3. 不辞辛苦做某事__________ 4. 把……变成……__________ 5. 增加……的面积__________ 6. 种植水稻__________ 7. 大量的雨水__________ 8. 防止……被冲走__________ 9. 与自然和谐相处__________ 10. 被巧妙地设计__________ 11. 彼此相连__________ 12. 在雨季__________ 13. 变成水蒸气__________ 14. 形成云__________ 15. 落到……上__________ 16. 为……提供理想的环境__________ 17. 以……为食__________ 18. 具有很高的价值__________ 19. 通过家庭代代相传__________ 20. 吸引成千上万的游客__________ 【答案】 1. be home to 11. connect with each other 2. as far as the eye can see 12. during the rainy season 3. go to so much trouble to do sth. 13. turn into vapour 4. turn ... into ... 14. form clouds 5. increase the areas 15. fall down onto 6. grow rice 16. provide a perfect environment for 7. plenty of rain 17. feed on 8. prevent ... from being washed away 18. hold much value 9. work in harmony with nature 19. be passed down through families 10. be cleverly designed 20. attract thousands of visitors 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. The Longji Rice Terraces lie in a mountainous ________（地区）of Guangxi. 2. The local people built ________（梯田）along the slopes to grow rice. 3. The mountains are very ________（陡峭的）, so there is little flat land. 4. The soil on the mountains is quite ________（浅的）. 5. The flat terraces help keep the ________（土壤）from being washed away. 6. The terraces ________（防止）rainwater from running straight down the mountains. 7. The landscape shows how people can live in ________（和谐）with nature. 8. The water system was cleverly ________（设计）to connect the terraces. 9. Rainwater moves along each ________（水道）from the mountains into the fields. 10. The sun heats the water and turns it into ________（水蒸气）. 11. Farmers grow rice ________（作物）on the terraces every year. 12. Some fish feed on ________（昆虫）that might harm the rice. 13. Traditional methods of ________（农业）are still used in Longji. 14. The knowledge is passed from one ________（一代人）to the next. 15. Local people continue to ________（维护）the terraces with ancient methods. 16. The beautiful terraces ________（吸引）thousands of visitors every year. 17. Many tourists come to ________（欣赏）this great wonder. 18. The most ________（重要的）feature is the cooperation between people and nature. 19. The ________（当地的）Zhuang and Yao people created the terraces. 20. The Longji Rice Terraces are a great ________（奇迹）created by people and nature. 【答案】 1. region 11. crops 2. terraces 12. insects 3. steep 13. agriculture 4. shallow 14. generation 5. soil 15. maintain 6. prevent 16. attract 7. harmony 17. admire 8. designed 18. significant 9. waterway 19. local 10. vapour 20. wonder 三、单句语法填空。 1. Imagine mountains ________ (wrap) in silver water, shining in the spring sun. 2. These are the colours ________ the Longji Rice Terraces. 3. The terraces were built ________ the local Zhuang and Yao people. 4. Guangxi is home ________ many Zhuang and Yao people. 5. Work on the terraces took hundreds of years until it ________ (complete) in the early Qing Dynasty. 6. The terraces often stretch from the bottom ________ the very top of the mountains. 7. Why did the local people go to so much trouble ________ (turn) the mountains into terraces? 8. Building terraces increased the areas in ________ they could grow rice. 9. Although the region has plenty ________ rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow. 10. The flat terraces prevent the soil from ________ (wash) away. 11. People have worked ________ harmony with nature to make the terraces. 12. Hundreds of waterways connect ________ each other across the terraces. 13. During the rainy season, it is along these waterways ________ rainwater moves down the mountains. 14. The sun heats the water and turns it ________ vapour. 15. The vapour forms clouds from ________ rain falls down onto the terraces again. 16. The terraces provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of ________ feed on insects. 17. Some insects can ________ (harm) the rice crops. 18. The terraces still mean a lot ________ the local people. 19. This knowledge ________ (pass) down through families from generation to generation. 20. Thousands of visitors come every year ________ (admire) this great wonder. 【答案】 1. wrapped 11. in 2. of 12. with 3. by 13. that 4. to 14. into 5. was completed 15. which 6. to 16. which 7. to turn 17. harm 8. which 18. to 9. of 19. is passed 10. being washed 20. to admire 四、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 广西是许多壮族和瑶族人民的家园。 Guangxi ________ ________ ________ many Zhuang and Yao people. 2. 梯田绵延群山，放眼望去看不到尽头。 The terraces stretch ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 3. 修建这些梯田花了几百年时间。 Work on the terraces ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 4. 为什么当地人如此费力地把整座山变成梯田？ Why did the local people ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the mountains into terraces? 5. 修建梯田增加了他们种植水稻的土地面积。 Building the terraces ________ ________ ________ in which they could grow rice. 6. 这个地区雨水充足。 The region has ________ ________ ________. 7. 山势陡峭，而且土层很浅。 The mountains are ________ and the soil is ________. 8. 平坦的梯田接住雨水，防止土壤被冲走。 The flat terraces catch the rainwater and ________ the soil ________ ________ ________ ________. 9. 人们以与自然和谐相处的方式修建并耕种这些梯田。 People have built and farmed the terraces ________ ________ ________ ________. 10. 梯田被巧妙地设计成由数百条水道连接起来。 The terraces are ________ ________, with hundreds of waterways. 11. 这些水道彼此相连。 These waterways ________ ________ ________ ________. 12. 在雨季，雨水顺着水道流下山坡，进入梯田。 ________ ________ ________ ________, rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. 13. 太阳把水加热，使它变成水蒸气。 The sun heats the water and ________ it ________ ________. 14. 水蒸气形成云，雨水再从云中落到梯田上。 The vapour forms clouds ________ ________ rain falls down onto the terraces again. 15. 梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了理想的环境。 The terraces also ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ birds and fish. 16. 有些鸟和鱼以可能危害水稻的昆虫为食。 Some birds and fish ________ ________ insects that can harm the rice crops. 17. 现代技术可以帮助生产更多的农作物。 Modern technology could help ________ ________ ________. 18. 这些梯田对当地人来说仍然意义重大。 These terraces still ________ ________ ________ ________ the local people. 19. 这种知识通过家庭代代相传。 This knowledge ________ ________ ________ through families. 20. 游客前来欣赏这一由人与自然共同创造的伟大奇观。 Visitors come to ________ this great ________ created by people and nature ________ ________. 【答案】 1. is home to 11. connect with each other 2. as far as the eye can see 12. During the rainy season 3. took hundreds of years to complete 13. turns; into vapour 4. go to so much trouble to turn 14. from which 5. increased the areas 15. provide a perfect environment for 6. plenty of rain 16. feed on 7. steep; shallow 17. produce more crops 8. prevent; from being washed away 18. mean a lot to 9. in harmony with nature 19. is passed down 10. cleverly designed 20. admire; wonder; working together 五、语法填空 （26-27高一上·安徽安庆·开学考试） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Luosifen: A Chinese Specialty Winning Global Hearts Luosifen, or river snail rice noodles, is an iconic dish with a pungent smell, ____1____ (originate) in Liuzhou, Guangxi. It usually contains pickled bamboo shoots, vegetables and peanuts in a spicy snail soup. As global interest in China grows, appreciation for this ____2____ (rich) flavored cooking creation is being shared by a growing number of foreigners who want to embrace the ____3____ (diverse) of Chinese cuisine. Shawn Christopher from New Zealand used to know only common Chinese dishes. When a new restaurant in Christchurch served Luosifen, he ____4____ (warn) the smell might be too intense. However, he loved its rich, layered soup and silky noodles. Previously popular mainly ____5____ overseas Chinese, Luosifen now wins more foreign fans. Companies like Guangxi Luobawang, ____6____ exports have reached nearly $20 million across 30 countries, adjust the flavors — making it less sour and spicy — to suit international tastes. The dish has also become ____7____ hit on social media. Liuzhou has carried out over 40 policies since 2016 ____8____ (promote) this local snack globally. Its special smell has spread worldwide, winning the hearts and ____9____ (stomach) of more young people. This rise from a street food to a global brand is not ____10____ (accident). It shows the unique charm of Chinese cuisine which is being recognized globally. 【答案】 1. originating 6. whose 2. richly 7. a 3. diversity 8. to promote 4. was warned 9. stomachs 5. among 10. accidental 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍广西柳州特色美食螺蛳粉如何从地方小吃走向世界，并分析其通过企业出口、口味调整、社交媒体传播和地方政策支持扩大国际影响的过程。 【详解】 1. originating。考查非谓语动词。主句已有谓语 is，空处作后置状语，Luosifen 与 originate 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词 originating。 2. richly。考查副词。空处修饰形容词 flavored，应用副词 richly，richly flavored 意为“味道浓郁的”。 3. diversity。考查名词。定冠词 the 后接名词，diverse 的名词形式为 diversity，表示“中国菜的多样性”。 4. was warned。考查时态和语态。主语 he 与 warn 为被动关系，且叙述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态 was warned。 5. among。考查介词。表示“主要在海外华人中流行”，应用 among，表示“在……群体中”。 6. whose。考查定语从句。先行词 Companies like Guangxi Luobawang 与 exports 构成所属关系，故用 whose。 7. a。考查冠词。hit 表示“很受欢迎的人或事物”时为可数名词单数，become a hit 意为“走红”，故填 a。 8. to promote。考查非谓语动词。地方出台政策的目的是在全球推广这一小吃，应用不定式作目的状语，故填 to promote。 9. stomachs。考查名词复数。与 hearts 并列，且修饰 more young people，应使用复数 stomachs。 10. accidental。考查形容词。be 动词 is 后作表语，应使用 accident 的形容词形式 accidental，意为“偶然的”。 六、阅读理解 （26-27高三上·辽宁朝阳·开学考试） While researchers have long known that the global sea level is rising, a new study suggests that many have vastly underestimated how high the ocean waters are today. The study provides a wake-up call. “We finally have a really full-blown, comprehensive effort to sort this out, and the result — it's somewhat dramatic,” says Torbjorn Tornqvist, a geologist at Tulane University. “It turns out that we've been comparing apples to oranges nearly all the time.” Many scientists have estimated coastal sea levels — and the risk they pose to nearby communities — based on calculations involving the Earth's gravity and rotation (自转), called geoid models. But that's an oversimplification. “In reality, the sea level is influenced by additional factors such as winds, ocean currents, tides, as well as the temperature and salt content of the seawater,” says study co-author Philip Minderhoud. “The actual amount may therefore differ.” So, Minderhoud and his team analyzed 385 published studies on sea-level rise and coastal risks published from 2009 to 2025. More than 99% of them didn't use real sea-level measurements, which are available through satellite images and elsewhere, made errors with the data, or didn't properly document their processes, the team found. Their corrected calculations suggest that calculation gaps are the largest in Southeast Asia, where the coastal sea level is, on average, a little over three feet higher than previously assumed. If the water worldwide rises by that amount — which could happen by 2100 — the researchers estimate that up to 37% more land area and 68% more people, or about 132 million individuals, will be below sea level than past studies have predicted. “Simply put, if sea level in reality is higher for your particular island or coastal city than was previously assumed, the impacts from sea-level rise will materialize sooner than projected,” Minderhoud says. The findings have important implications for people in Southeast Asia and other locations where estimates of sea-level rise have been particularly off, and where people are especially weak against dangers. 1. What is Tornqvist's attitude to scientists' dependence on geoid models? A．Favorable. B．Unconcerned. C．Negative. D．Tolerant. 2. How did Minderhoud and his team prove their assumption? A．By making experiments. B．By quoting an expert. C．By analyzing documents. D．By defining a concept. 3. Why does the author mention the statistics in paragraph 4? A．To illustrate the importance of coasts. B．To compare different kinds of sea levels. C．To indicate the difficulty in correcting. D．To show the result of data inaccuracy. 4. What does the underlined word “materialize” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Occur. B．Gather. C．Stop. D．Survive. 【答案】 1. C 3. D 2. C 4. A 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究人员通过重新分析大量海平面研究发现，许多以简化的大地水准面模型为基础的估算低估了真实沿海海平面，尤其在东南亚，这种误差可能显著放大未来海平面上升造成的风险。 【详解】 1. C 观点态度题。Tornqvist 用“comparing apples to oranges”和“oversimplification”批评长期依赖大地水准面模型的做法，说明他持否定态度，故选 C。 2. C 细节理解题。第三段明确说明 Minderhoud 团队分析了 2009 至 2025 年发表的 385 项研究，并检查其测量、数据和研究过程，因此是通过分析文献来验证判断，故选 C。 3. D 推理判断题。第四段列出“37% more land area”“68% more people”“132 million individuals”等数据，量化说明早期估算不准确可能造成的后果，故选 D。 4. A 词义猜测题。句意为：如果真实海平面高于此前假定值，那么海平面上升的影响会比预测更早“出现/发生”。Occur 与 materialize 在此语境中含义最接近，故选 A。 七、七选五 （2026·河北沧州·一模） 根据短文内容，从选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people want to transform a rooftop into a functional and beautiful space. Walkable green roofs are an excellent choice. These innovative installations add visual appeal to a building. They contribute to the overall sustainability and livability of urban spaces. ___1___ The roof structure needs to be engineered to support the weight of soil, plants, and people. ___2___ Waterproofing is another critical aspect of the construction surface, ensuring that the underlying structure remains protected from water damage. ___3___ Drought-resistant plants, such as sedums and grasses, are commonly chosen for their ability to grow well in challenging conditions. These plants require minimal maintenance, conserve water, and also provide excellent insulation (隔热). They help regulate temperatures within the building as well. Additionally, a carefully selected mix of native plants can enhance biodiversity by providing habitats for insects, birds, and other wildlife. To ensure the best performance of a walkable green roof, a proper irrigation and drainage (排水) system must be carried out. ___4___ Besides, it ensures that plants receive the necessary water without excess. By promoting effective water management, walkable green roofs also contribute to stormwater management by reducing runoff and preventing pressure on the city's drainage systems. Maintenance of a walkable green roof is relatively straightforward compared to other types of landscaping. ___5___ They are to keep the plants healthy and prevent invasive species from taking over. Additionally, periodic fertilization and soil testing can help maintain the nutrient balance and overall health of the plants. A. This helps prevent much water building up. B. It's known that urban spaces continue to expand. C. One of the benefits is their ability to improve air quality. D. Regular inspections, maintenance, and weeding are necessary. E. One of the key aspects is the selection of suitable plant species. F. The construction of the roofs involves several considerations. G. Depending on the size, additional structural support may be required. 【答案】 1. F 2. G 3. E 4. A 5. D 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍可步行绿色屋顶在建造和维护时需要考虑的主要因素，包括屋顶承重、防水、植物选择、灌溉排水系统以及后期检查和除草维护。 【详解】 1. F 空前总体说明绿色屋顶具有美观和可持续性价值，空后开始具体谈屋顶结构、承重和防水，因此 F 项“屋顶的建造涉及若干需要考虑的因素”承上启下，故选 F。 2. G 前文指出屋顶结构必须能够承受土壤、植物和人的重量，G 项“根据面积大小，可能需要额外的结构支撑”紧扣承重问题，故选 G。 3. E 空后连续介绍耐旱植物、本地植物及其选择标准，说明本段主题是植物品种的选择，E 项最符合段落中心，故选 E。 4. A 前文提到灌溉和排水系统，A 项“This helps prevent much water building up”说明排水系统可防止积水，与后文“plants receive the necessary water without excess”逻辑一致，故选 A。 5. D 空前谈绿色屋顶的维护，空后“They are to keep the plants healthy...”中的 They 需要复数先行内容。D 项中的 Regular inspections, maintenance, and weeding 正好与之衔接，故选 D。 八、阅读理解 （2027·贵州贵阳·模拟预测） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Every year, travel professionals around the world vote for their favorite beaches, ranking them mainly by how unique each beach feels, if you can see wildlife, and how quiet it is. Other criteria include how easy it is to enter the water, how calm the sea is, how often the weather is just right and of course, how crowded the beach gets! Here are four beaches listed on The World's 50 Best Beaches 2026. Entalula Beach, the Philippines This year, the top-ranked beach is Entalula Beach in the Philippines. It boasts its white sand, clear blue water and tall cliffs. Since the only access there is by boat, it stays quiet and isn't very crowded. The calm water makes it easy to swim, too. Fteri Beach, Greece The second place is Fteri Beach in Greece. Located in a quiet area with high white cliffs, the beach has a mix of white stones and sand, and the water is clear and bright blue. Most people get there by boat or by walking down a steep path, so this beach also doesn't get too crowded. Wharton Beach, Australia In third place is Western Australia's Wharton Beach. With white sand and green-blue water, it's a popular place for surfing, and you can also see dolphins swimming. It's more than 650 kilometers southeast of Perth, so it's not very crowded, even in the summer! Keem Beach, Ireland Ireland might not be a country you would normally visit for its beaches. Despite being ranked 50th on the list, Keem Beach, hidden on Ireland's Achill Island, offers more than just sand and sea. It's surrounded by beautiful green hills, making it a unique place to visit. 1. How many aspects are the rankings based on? A．6 B．7 C．8 D．9 2. Which beach enjoys popularity among surfers? A．Entalula Beach. B．Fteri Beach. C．Wharton Beach. D．Keem Beach. 3. What makes Keem Beach special? A．The white sands. B．The white cliffs. C．The wild dolphins. D．The green hills. 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍 2026 年“世界 50 佳海滩”榜单中的四处海滩，并说明评选所考虑的独特性、野生动物、安静程度、下水便利性、海况、天气和拥挤程度等因素。 【详解】 1. B 细节理解题。第一段列出七个评选方面：独特性、能否看到野生动物、安静程度、下水是否方便、海面是否平静、天气是否适宜以及拥挤程度，共 7 项，故选 B。 2. C 细节理解题。Wharton Beach 段明确说“it's a popular place for surfing”，因此深受冲浪者欢迎的是 Wharton Beach，故选 C。 3. D 细节理解题。Keem Beach 段指出海滩“is surrounded by beautiful green hills”，这使其成为独特的游览地，故选 D。 $