Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 自然奇观（单元阅读精练）英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）八年级上册

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 自然奇观 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 约 240 介绍九寨沟，它是世界自然遗产，以彩湖、诺日朗瀑布、雪山、珍稀动植物闻名，曾受地震破坏，提醒大家保护自然美景。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 约 230 介绍喜马拉雅山脉的珠穆朗玛峰，包含海拔、攀登难点、重要登顶历史，赞美登山者不畏困难、追逐梦想的精神。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 约 220 介绍青海茶卡盐湖，解释 “天空之镜” 的由来、游览方式与盐雕景观，是知名自然旅游胜地。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 约 210 介绍非洲毛里塔尼亚的撒哈拉之眼，讲解它的形成、外观特点，同时说明它面临沙暴侵蚀的困境以及保护设想。 Passage3 完形填空 说明文 约 250 介绍广西乐业巨型天坑，讲解喀斯特地貌、天坑形成原理，说明天坑是珍稀动植物栖息地，还储存大量地下水。 Passage4 完形填空 说明文 约 230 介绍死海，它盐分极高、浮力大，富含矿物质泥浆；同时面临水位下降不断缩小的危机，呼吁保护。 Passage5 选词填空 记叙文 约 240 讲述中国登山队 1960 年从珠峰北坡登顶的故事，介绍 “中国梯”，体现人类探索自然、挑战极限的精神。 Passage6 选词填空 说明文 约 220 介绍越南韩松洞，描述洞穴内部地下河、地下森林，讲述它从被发现到重新找到的全过程。 Passage7 语法填空 记叙文 约 210 以壶口瀑布旅行为线索，介绍长江、黄河、尼罗河，讲解河流对古文明的意义，号召保护河流。 Passage8 语法填空 说明文 约 200 介绍黄河，讲解黄河文化、名字由来、流经区域，以及国家对黄河生态的治理与保护成果。 Passage9 阅读表达 说明文 约 230 介绍中国最大内陆咸水湖青海湖，讲解它的地理位置、海拔、四季景色、特色景观与游玩体验。 Passage1 Jiuzhaigou, located in Sichuan Province, is one of the most beautiful natural scenic spots in China. It was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site in 1992, and it is famous for its colourful lakes, waterfalls and snow-capped mountains. The name “Jiuzhaigou” means “the valley of nine Tibetan villages”. There are nine traditional Tibetan villages in the valley, and the local people live in harmony with nature. The most amazing part of Jiuzhaigou is its lakes. The water of the lakes is in different colours, like blue, green, turquoise and even red. The colours change with the light and the season, which makes the lakes look like precious gemstones. The reason for the colourful water is the special minerals (矿物质) and algae (藻类) in the lake bed, which show the sunlight in different ways. Jiuzhaigou has more than 100 lakes and waterfalls. The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous one. It is 27 meters high and 270 meters wide, and it is the widest calcified (钙化) waterfall in China. When the water falls down from the mountain, it makes a loud sound, and the water flies everywhere. Standing in front of the waterfall, you will feel the power of nature. In addition to lakes and waterfalls, Jiuzhaigou also has beautiful forests and snow-covered mountains. The forest is home to many special animals and plants, such as giant pandas, golden monkeys and Chinese dove trees. Jiuzhaigou is a place of natural beauty. It is a gift from nature to humans. However, it was once damaged (破坏) by an earthquake in 2017. After years of repair and protection, most of the scenic spots have been reopened to the public. We should cherish this beautiful place and protect it well, so that it can always keep its beauty. 【翻译】 九寨沟位于四川省，是中国最美的自然景区之一。它于 1992 年被列入世界自然遗产名录，以五彩斑斓的湖泊、瀑布和雪山闻名。 “九寨沟” 这个名字的意思是 “九个藏族村寨的山谷”。山谷里坐落着九个传统藏族村寨，当地人与自然和谐共处。九寨沟最令人惊叹的是它的湖泊。湖水呈现出不同的色彩，有蓝色、绿色、青绿色，甚至红色。颜色会随着光线和季节变化，使得湖泊如同珍贵的宝石。湖水色彩斑斓的原因是湖底特殊的矿物质和藻类，它们以不同方式反射阳光。 九寨沟有一百多个湖泊与瀑布。诺日朗瀑布是其中最出名的，高 27 米、宽 270 米，是中国最宽的钙化瀑布。水流从山间倾泻而下，轰鸣声震耳，水花四处飞溅。站在瀑布前，你能感受到大自然的力量。 除湖泊和瀑布之外，九寨沟还有秀美的森林与雪山。这片森林是许多珍稀动植物的家园，比如大熊猫、金丝猴以及珙桐。 九寨沟是一处自然胜地，是大自然赠予人类的礼物。不过，它曾在 2017 年的地震中遭到破坏。经过多年修复与保护，大部分景点已经重新对游客开放。我们应当珍惜并好好守护这片美景，让它永远光彩依旧。 【长难句分析】 1. The colours change with the light and the season, which makes the lakes look like precious gemstones. ✅ 结构：主句 + which 引导非限制性定语从句（指代前面整件事） 翻译：颜色会随着光线和季节变化，使得湖泊如同珍贵的宝石。 2. The reason for the colourful water is the special minerals and algae in the lake bed, which show the sunlight in different ways. ✅ 结构：主系表结构 + which 定语从句，修饰 minerals and algae 翻译：湖水色彩斑斓的原因是湖底特殊的矿物质和藻类，它们以不同方式反射阳光。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. scenic spot n. 景点 2. heritage n. 遗产 3. colourful adj. 色彩鲜艳的 4. snow-capped adj. 积雪覆盖山顶的 5. valley n. 山谷 6. harmony n. 和谐 7. turquoise n./adj. 青绿色（的） 8. mineral n. 矿物质 9. algae n. 藻类 10. calcified adj. 钙化的 11. waterfall n. 瀑布 12. giant panda 大熊猫 13. golden monkey 金丝猴 14. damage v. 破坏，损毁 15. repair n./v. 修复，修理 16. cherish v. 珍惜 Passage2 ①One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. It is 8,848.86 meters high and is very dangerous to climb. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. ②The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953. After a long and difficult climb, troubled by heavy snow, freezing wind and the lack of oxygen (缺氧), they finally reached the top. They could only spend about fifteen minutes on the summit before they had to come down. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. ③Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 【翻译】 ① 登山是世界上最危险的运动之一，而喜马拉雅山脉是这项运动最受欢迎的地点之一。喜马拉雅山脉绵延在中国西南部。在所有山峰之中，珠穆朗玛峰海拔最高，也最为出名。它高 8848.86 米，攀登难度极大。厚厚的云层笼罩峰顶，大雪纷飞。更为严峻的困难还有严寒的天气和猛烈的暴风雪。临近山顶时，呼吸空气也会变得十分困难。 ② 1953 年 5 月 29 日，丹增・诺尔盖和埃德蒙・希拉里成为首批登顶的人。漫长又艰难的攀登途中，他们饱受大雪、寒风以及缺氧的困扰，最终成功登顶。他们在顶峰仅能停留大约十五分钟，之后就必须下山。1960 年，中国登山队首次登顶；而首位成功登顶的女性是来自日本的田部井淳子，时间为 1975 年。 ③ 为什么这么多登山者甘愿冒着生命危险？其中一个主要原因是人们想要在困难面前挑战自我。这些登山者的精神告诉我们：我们永远不要放弃努力去实现梦想。这也证明，人类有时可以比自然的力量更强大。 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·陕西西安·期中） Chaka Salt Lake is one of the most amazing places of interest in China. It is about three hundred kilometres away from Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province. Chaka Salt Lake is famous for its unique (独特的) beauty. On a sunny day, the surface of the water looks so clear and perfectly shows the clouds and sky above. This is why people call it “the mirror of the sky”. The lake isn’t deep at all, so people can walk through the water safely. As you step into the lake, it’s like walking in the sky. It is really a natural wonder and a treat for your eyes. This fun and unusual experience makes Chaka Salt Lake a popular place for visitors. There are several ways to tour around Chaka Salt Lake: you can walk along the tourist attractions, take a small train or a boat ride. Along the way, you won’t miss the salt sculptures (雕塑). They are large, all white, and show things like historical figures (历史人物), animals and natural landscapes. A walk among these sculptures is an enjoyable experience. The beautiful Chaka Salt Lake is a great choice for anyone to look for a quiet moment. 1．Why is Chaka Salt Lake called “the mirror of the sky”? A．Because the water is deep and blue. B．Because there are many salt sculptures. C．Because people can walk on it like a mirror. D．Because it shows the clouds and sky clearly. 2．The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refers to “_________”. A．tourist attractions B．the salt sculptures C．historical figures D．natural landscapes 3．In which part of a magazine (杂志) can we find the passage? A．Nature & Travel. B．History & Culture. C．Science & Technology. D．Health & Medicine. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国青海的茶卡盐湖，包含它的地理位置、“天空之镜”称号的由来、游览方式与盐雕塑景观，说明它是优质的旅游去处。 1．原文第二段“On a sunny day, the surface of the water looks so clear and perfectly shows the clouds and sky above. This is why people call it ‘the mirror of the sky’.”，由此可知，湖面能清晰映照云朵与天空，所以被叫做“天空之镜”。 2．原文第三段“you won’t miss the salt sculptures. They are large, all white...”，由此可知，代词They指代前面的盐雕。 3．本文介绍了茶卡盐湖的自然景观和旅游体验，可推知，该文章会出现在杂志的自然与旅行板块。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·贵州贵阳·期中） The Eye of the Sahara is one of Earth’s most amazing natural wonders. It’s a special place in the desert of Mauritania, Africa. Looking from the sky, it looks like a huge, bright eye! It is as long as about 438 football fields. The Eye looks like a big round pizza with different coloured parts. How was it made? Millions of years ago, the ground under the sand started to rise up. Then, wind and rain slowly wore away (磨薄) the soft rocks, leaving the hard ones behind. Over time, these hard rocks made the beautiful circles we see today. From above, you can count about 20 round circles. Each one has a different colour. The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside. But the Eye of the Sahara is in trouble. The desert is very dry, and sandstorms (沙暴) often blow over it. The sand can make the rocks difficult to see, and many people can’t visit this amazing place because it’s far from big cities. What can we do to help? Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks from sand. Some people also suggest building a small road or a simple visitor centre nearby. This way, more tourists can come and see the Eye of the Sahara. 1．What can we learn about the circles of the Eye from Paragraph 2? A．There are about 8 round circles. B．The smallest circle is in the centre. C．Each circle has the same colour. 2．Why can’t many people visit the Eye easily? A．Because it’s too small to find. B．Because it’s far from cities. C．Because it’s too hot to get there. 3．What does the underlined word “conserve” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Climb. B．Hike. C．Protect. 4．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To describe a natural wonder and its challenges. B．To tell how to build a visitor centre. C．To compare different deserts in Africa. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了撒哈拉之眼这一自然奇观的形成过程、外观特征以及面临的威胁，并提出了保护建议。 1．第二段提到：“The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside.”，因此最小的圆在中心。 2． 第三段提到：“many people can’t visit this amazing place because it’s far from big cities.”，因此人们难以参观是因为它远离大城市。 3．第四段提到：“Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks from sand.”，结合上下文，科学家研究是为了保护岩石免受沙子侵蚀，因此conserve意为“保护”，与protect意义相近。 4．全文介绍了撒哈拉之眼的外观、形成过程、面临的威胁以及保护建议，因此主旨是描述一个自然奇观及其面临的挑战。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·天津河东·期中）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A team of Chinese scientists have found a new giant sinkhole (天坑). It’s 192 metres 1 . What did they find at the bottom? An ancient forest! This 2 discovery was found in Leye County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Leye County is known 3 the museum of sinkholes. People have found about 30 sinkholes there so far. How do sinkholes form? China has a karst landform (喀斯特地貌), a scientist called Veni told the reporter. Karst landscapes are made when rainwater runs through little cracks (裂缝) in the ground. The cracks 4 grow into tunnels (隧道) and then big caves (洞穴). Over time, a cave can get too big. Its ceiling then falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. Veni called China’s sinkholes “spectacular (壮观的)” because of their great sizes. 5 are sinkholes important? Besides looking cool, karst caves and sinkholes can be 6 to all kinds of plants, animals and microbes (微生物). The newly discovered one has ancient trees up to 40 metres tall. “I wouldn’t be surprised to know that some species in these caves have never been 7 or described by science until now,” said the leader of the exploration team, Chen Lixin. This is 8 the sinkholes are separate from the outside world. That 9 an environment for new species to form. Sinkholes also have deep stores of underground water. They are like nature’s water pipes (管道). They bring 10 to 700 million people worldwide, Veni told the reporter. 1．A．tall B．deep C．thin D．long 2．A．terrible B．amazing C．early D．careful 3．A．as B．for C．to D．with 4．A．luckily B．easily C．slowly D．heavily 5．A．Why B．When C．Where D．What 6．A．school B．home C．office D．house 7．A．reported B．sold C．saved D．left 8．A．because B．but C．whether D．after 9．A．hurts B．provides C．protects D．helps 10．A．rain B．snow C．water D．food 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国科学家在广西发现新的巨型天坑，天坑底部有古老森林，并解释了天坑的形成原因及其生态价值。 1．句意：它深192米。 sinkhole是向下延伸的，描述的应是“深度”，deep“深的”符合。tall“高的”指高度，thin“薄的”，long“长的”，均与深度不符。 2．句意：这个惊人的发现出自广西壮族自治区乐业县。 发现古老森林是“惊人”的事，amazing“惊人的”符合。terrible“可怕的”，early“早的”，careful“小心的”，均与发现的积极意义不符。 3．句意：乐业县以“天坑博物馆”而闻名。 乐业县本身被称作“天坑博物馆”，be known as“作为……（称号）而闻名”，as“作为”符合。for构成be known for意为“因……闻名”，to“到”，with“和”，均与搭配不符。 4．句意：裂缝慢慢地长成地下通道，然后变成大洞穴。 裂缝到隧道再到洞穴是“慢慢”形成的过程，slowly“慢慢地”符合。luckily“幸运地”，easily“容易地”，heavily“沉重地”，均与喀斯特地貌的缓慢形成不符。 5．句意：为什么天坑很重要？ 下文解释了天坑的重要性，Why“为什么”符合。When“何时”，Where“哪里”，What“什么”，均与原因不符。 6．句意：除了景观奇特之外，喀斯特洞穴和天坑可以成为各种动植物的家园。 动植物需要“家园”，home“家园”符合，可泛指生物栖息地，贴合动植物生存环境语境。school“学校”，office“办公室”，house“房子”多指人类居住房屋，均与动植物栖息地不符。 7．句意：倘若这些洞穴里存在至今未被科学界记载、描述的物种，我一点也不会感到意外。 新物种未被“报道”过，reported“报道”符合。sold“卖”，saved“救”，left“离开”，均与科学发现无关。 8．句意：这是因为天坑与外界隔绝。 天坑与外界隔绝“所以”新物种未被发现，because“因为”符合，解释原因。but“但是”表转折，whether“是否”表疑问，after“在……之后”表时间，均与因果不符。 9．句意：这为新物种的形成提供了环境。 隔绝的环境“提供”了条件，provides“提供”符合，provide sth. for sth./sb.“为……提供某物”。hurts“伤害”，protects“保护”，helps“帮助”，均与“提供”不符。 10．句意：韦尼告诉记者，它们为全球七亿人口输送水源。 天坑为人类提供“水”资源，water“水”符合。rain“雨”，snow“雪”，food“食物”，均与地下水无关。 Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·广东东莞·期中）Have you ever heard of the Dead Sea? It’s one of the world’s most amazing places. It isn’t a sea, but a large lake. It sits in the Jordan Valley and is famous for being the lowest point on Earth. The water in the Dead Sea is very salty—almost ten times 1 than regular ocean water. Because of this, fish or plants cannot live in it. That’s 2 people call it the “Dead” Sea. But don’t let the name scare you! The water is so buoyant (有浮力的) that you can float on it 3 . It’s a funny feeling, like lying on an air bed! Many people visit the Dead Sea every year 4 its special mud (泥浆). The mud is rich in minerals and is said to be good for 5 skin. Visitors often cover themselves in the dark mud and then float in the water. It’s a popular 6 to relax. However, the Dead Sea is 7 a problem. It is shrinking (缩小)! The water level is going down by about one meter per year. Scientists say we need to 8 water from other places to save it. If we don’t take action, this natural wonder might one day 9 . The Dead Sea teaches us an important lesson: nature is powerful and beautiful, but also 10 . We should try our best to protect such wonders for our future. 1．A．heavier B．saltier C．sweeter D．cleaner 2．A．what B．why C．when D．where 3．A．easily B．hardly C．difficultly D．sadly 4．A．because of B．instead of C．thanks to D．as for 5．A．his B．her C．our D．their 6．A．way B．idea C．dream D．plan 7．A．facing B．solving C．answering D．breaking 8．A．bring B．take C．borrow D．give 9．A．appear B．disappear C．arrive D．leave 10．A．dangerous B．safe C．weak D．kind 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍死海的特点与价值，指出其面临缩小危机，呼吁保护自然奇观，强调自然既强大又脆弱，人类应尽力守护未来。 1．句意：死海的水非常咸——几乎比普通海水咸十倍。 前文提到“The water in the Dead Sea is very salty”，此处用倍数对比说明它比普通海水咸得多。salty“咸的”，其比较级是saltier，符合语境。 2．句意：那就是为什么人们称它为“死海”。 前文提到“鱼或植物无法在其中生存”，这是人们称它为“死海”的原因。“That’s why...”是固定句型，意为“这就是……的原因”。 3．句意：水的浮力非常大，你可以轻松地浮在水面上。 根据前文“水的浮力很大”，以及后文“像躺在气垫床上”的描述，可知浮在水面上是很轻松的。easily“轻松地、容易地”符合语境。 4．句意：每年很多人因为其特殊泥浆游览死海。 后文提到泥浆富含矿物质，对皮肤有益，这是人们来参观的原因。because of“因为、由于”用于引出原因，后接名词或名词短语，符合语境。 5．句意：泥浆富含矿物质，据说对我们的皮肤有益。 根据语境泛指人类包括读者，our体现普遍性。his等指代特定对象，范围过窄。 6．句意：这是一种受欢迎的放松方式。 前文提到游客们会涂满泥浆、在水中漂浮，这是一种放松的方式。way“方式、方法”符合语境，a popular way to relax意为“一种受欢迎的放松方式”。 7．句意：然而，死海正面临一个问题。 后文提到“It is shrinking”，说明死海面临着问题。face a problem是固定搭配，意为“面临问题”，此处用现在进行时facing。 8．句意：科学家说我们需要从其他地方引入水来拯救它。 前文提到死海水位每年下降约1米，因此需要从其他地方引入水源来拯救它。bring water from other places意为“从其他地方引水”，符合语境。 9．句意：如果我们不采取行动，这个自然奇观有一天可能会消失。 前文提到死海正在缩小，如果不采取措施，它最终会消失。disappear“消失”符合语境。 10．句意：死海给我们上了重要的一课：自然是强大而美丽的，但也是脆弱的。 前文提到死海正面临消失的危机，说明自然也有脆弱的一面。weak“脆弱的、易受破坏的”符合语境，与前文的powerful and beautiful形成对比。 Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·河南驻马店·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 one;  him;  successful;  pull;  climbers;  fast;  used; to;  change;   but To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able 1 touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and 2 weather. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, 3 a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. On 24 May 1960, 4 Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed 5 teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers 6 themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world’s highest mountain for the 7 time. In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side 8 this “Chinese Ladder” to reach the top much 9 . In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top 10 , but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply “because it’s there”! 【导语】本文讲述了珠穆朗玛峰的险峻环境，以及中国登山队从北坡登顶珠峰的壮举，介绍了“中国梯”的由来和影响，展现了人类挑战极限的勇气与探索精神。 1．句意：在地球的最高处，你会感觉自己仿佛能够触碰到天空。此处考查固定搭配be able to do sth.（能够做某事），故填to。 2．句意：登山者还必须应对稀薄的空气、陡峭的悬崖和多变的天气。此处需要形容词修饰名词weather，change的形容词形式changing意为“变化无常的、多变的”，符合语境。 3．句意：登山者甚至称那条路为“死亡之路”，但一支中国登山队决心完成这次攀登。此处需要连词表示转折关系，but意为“但是”，连接前后两个分句。 4．句意：1960年5月24日，登山者刘连满、王富洲、屈银华和贡布到达了第二台阶。此处需要名词复数，表示“登山者们”，climbers意为“登山者”，符合语境。 5．句意：刘连满让他的队友们踩在他的肩膀上。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词teammates，he的形容词性物主代词是his。 6．句意：一点一点地，登山者们奋力向上攀登，越过了第二台阶。此处需要动词过去式，句子时态为一般过去时，pull oneself up意为“奋力向上爬”，pull的过去式是pulled。 7．句意：5月25日凌晨4点20分，五星红旗第一次飘扬在世界最高峰上。此处考查固定搭配for the first time（第一次），one的序数词形式是first。 8．句意：直到2007年，几乎所有从北坡攀登的登山者都使用这架“中国梯”更快地到达山顶。此处考查固定搭配used to do sth.（过去常常做某事），句子时态为一般过去时，故填used。 9．句意：直到2007年，几乎所有从北坡攀登的登山者都使用这架“中国梯”更快地到达山顶。此处需要副词比较级，much后接比较级，fast的比较级形式是faster，意为“更快地”。 10．句意：有些登山者成功登顶，但许多人失败了。此处需要副词修饰动词reach，successful的副词形式是successfully，意为“成功地”。 Passage 6 （25-26八年级下·广西玉林·期中）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上，每个单词只能用一次。 they  finally  running  shines  inside  think  level  natural  explorer  until The Son Doong Cave (韩松洞) is in Vietnam (越南). It is more than 150 metres high, about 200 metres wide and at least 6.5 kilometres long. It is famous as a (n) 1 wonder. The cave is in the heart of a national park. It remained undiscovered (未被发现的) 2 a local farmer found the small opening to the cave in 1991. He told the story of the cave to other villagers, but no one 3 it was true. Years later, a group of British 4 heard about the farmer’s story. They learned from him that there was a strong, cool wind and the sound of water coming out of the opening. These were signs showing that there was a large cave. They asked the farmer to help 5 find the cave, but he forgot where the opening was. However, the cave attracted curious people. In 2009, the farmer and some people 6 found the cave again. They went 7 and were very surprised. They found a large underground river 8 through the cave. They also found a forest. It is 200 metres below ground 9 . It is really beautiful when the sun 10 into the cave. If you want to visit the cave, you need to cross rivers and climb up walls. How difficult it is! 【答案】 1．natural 2．until 3．thought 4．explorers 5．them 6．finally 7．inside 8．running 9．level 10．shines 【导语】本文介绍了越南韩松洞被发现的过程及其内部奇观。 1．句意：它作为自然奇观而闻名。“a(n) ____ wonder”表示“一个自然奇观”，空格处需用形容词修饰名词wonder。需选nature“自然”，其形容词形式为natural，意为“自然的”。 2．句意：直到1991年当地农民发现了洞穴的小入口，它才被发现。“remained undiscovered ____ a local farmer found”表示“直到当地农民发现才被发现”，需选连词until“直到”。 3．句意：但没有人认为这是真的。“no one ____ it was true”表示“没有人认为这是真的”，描述过去发生的事情需用一般过去时，需选think“认为”，其过去式为thought。 4．句意：多年后，一群英国探险家听说了农民的故事。“a group of British ____”表示“一群英国探险家”，需选explore“探索”，其名词形式为explorer，意为“探险家”，根据a group of需用复数形式explorers。 5．句意：他们请农民帮助他们找到洞穴。“asked the farmer to help ____ find the cave”中，help后需用宾格代词作宾语。需选they“他们”，其宾格形式为them。 6．句意：农民和一些人最终再次找到了洞穴。“____ found the cave again”表示“最终再次找到了洞穴”，需用副词修饰动词found。需选副词finally，意为“最终”。 7．句意：他们走进去，非常惊讶。“They went ____”表示“他们走进去”，需选inside“在里面”，为副词，修饰动词went。 8．句意：他们发现一条巨大的地下河流过洞穴。“a large underground river ____ through the cave”中，需用现在分词作后置定语，修饰名词river。需选现在分词running。 9．句意：它位于地下200米。“200 metres below ground ____”表示“位于地下200米”，需选level“平面”，为名词，ground level“地平面”。 10．句意：当阳光照进洞穴时，它非常美丽。“when the sun ____ into the cave”表示“当阳光照进洞穴时”，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语sun为单数。需选动词第三人称单数形式shines。 Passage 7 （25-26八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中）Ella just had 1 unforgettable trip. She saw the Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River. She once wondered if the Yellow River was the longest river in China. In fact, the Yangtze River is the longest one in China. It travels the 2 (far) and is about 6,300 kilometres long, while the Yellow River, about 5,464 kilometres long, is the 3 (two) longest. The Yellow River gets 4 (it) name because some 5 (part) of it carry brown and yellow earth. Ella likes learning 6 rivers. Her favourite river is the Nile, the longest river in Africa. It is 6,671 kilometres long and very important in Egypt’s history. Both the Nile 7 the Yellow River played important roles in helping the 8 (develop) of ancient civilizations and remain important today. In China, the Yellow River is even called the “mother river”. We should try our best 9 (protect) them. We should raise our awareness (意识) of environmental protection and take practical action to keep these 10 (wonder) rivers clean and well-preserved for future generations (子孙后代). 【答案】 1．an 2．farthest/furthest 3．second 4．its 5．parts 6．about 7．and 8．development 9．to protect 10．wonderful 【导语】本文主要讲述了艾拉去黄河壶口瀑布游玩的经历，并介绍了中国的长江、黄河以及非洲的尼罗河等著名河流的基本情况及其对人类文明发展的重要作用，呼吁人们保护这些河流。 1．句意：艾拉刚有了一次难忘的旅行。unforgettable以元音音素/ʌ/开头，且trip为可数名词单数，应使用不定冠词an，泛指“一次难忘的旅行”。 2．句意：它流经的距离最远，大约6300公里长。而黄河全长约5464公里，是第二长的河流。定冠词the后接最高级形式，far的最高级是farthest或furthest。 3．句意：它流经的距离最远，大约6300公里长。而黄河全长约5464公里，是第二长的河流。“the+序数词+longest”意为“第几长”。two是基数词，对应的序数词是second。 4．句意：黄河得名是因为它的一些部分携带着棕黄色的泥沙。修饰名词name，需要用形容词性物主代词。it的形容词性物主代词是its。 5．句意：黄河得名是因为它的一些部分携带着棕黄色的泥沙。前面有some，后面接可数名词复数。part的复数形式是parts。 6．句意：艾拉喜欢了解河流。learn about是固定搭配，意为“了解，学习关于……的知识”。 7．句意：尼罗河和黄河在帮助古代文明发展方面都发挥了重要作用，并且在今天仍然很重要。both...and...是固定搭配，意为“……和……都”。 8．句意：尼罗河和黄河在帮助古代文明发展方面都发挥了重要作用，并且在今天仍然很重要。“the+名词+of”是常见结构，develop的名词形式是development。 9．句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护它们。try one’s best to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，空处应填不定式to protect。 10．句意：我们应该提高环保意识，采取实际行动，为子孙后代保持这些奇妙的河流清洁和完好。修饰名词rivers，需要用形容词。wonder的形容词形式是wonderful。 Passage 8 （25-26八年级下·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期中）阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yellow River is the second 1 (long) river in China. It runs from the mountains 2 the sea . It gave birth to one of the oldest and most famous 3 (culture) in the world-the Yellow River culture. In the hearts of Chinese people, the Yellow River is the “mother river”. It is expected to play a more important role in our country’s 4 (develop). The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 5 its water is yellow, as it took lots of yellow sand to the water when it ran through the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). The river starts from Qinghai province in northwestern China. It runs through a lot of places before 6 (run) into the Bohai Sea. The 5,464-kilometer-long river 7 (feed) about 12% of China’s population and offers water to about 17% of fields and more than 50 cities. So far our country has made great efforts (努力) in the environment 8 (protect) of the river. Each year over 400 million tons of sand can’t go into it. Our “mother river” has become much 9 (clear) than before. We should try 10 (we) best to protect it. 【答案】 1．longest 2．to 3．cultures 4．development 5．because 6．running 7．feeds 8．protection 9．clearer 10．our 【导语】本文介绍了黄河的基本情况、文化意义、名称由来、流经区域及其生态环境保护的成效。 1．句意：黄河是中国第二长的河流。表示“第二长的”，用定冠词加形容词最高级，long的最高级是longest。 2．句意：它从山脉流向大海。固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”，故填to。 3．句意：它孕育了世界上最古老、最著名的文化之一——黄河文化。固定搭配“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，culture的复数形式是cultures。 4．句意：它有望在我国的发展中发挥更重要的作用。名词所有格country’s后用名词，develop的名词形式是development。 5．句意：这条河在中文里被称为“黄河”，因为当它流经黄土高原时，携带了大量黄沙，河水呈黄色。前后句为因果关系，表示“因为”，故填because。 6．句意：它在流入渤海之前流经许多地方。介词before后用动名词作宾语，run的动名词形式是running。 7．句意：这条5464公里长的河流养育了大约12%的中国人口，为约17%的农田和50多个城市提供水源。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语The 5,464-Kilometer-long river为第三人称单数，故填feeds。 8．句意：到目前为止，我国在河流的环境保护方面做出了巨大努力。名词所有格environment的后面用名词，protect的名词形式是protection。 9．句意：我们的“母亲河”比以前清澈多了。由than before可知用比较级，clear的比较级是clearer。 10．句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护它。固定搭配try one’s best表示“尽某人最大努力”，we的形容词性物主代词是our。 Passage 9 （25-26八年级下·黑龙江牡丹江·期中）Qinghai Lake: The Largest Salt Lake Qinghai Lake is the largest inland (内陆的) saltwater lake in China. It lies on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, looking like the brightest blue gem under the sun. It is 3,196 meters above sea level, and its shoreline (海岸线) is about 360 kilometers long. You can walk or ride a bike along it to enjoy the view. The water here is the clearest; it always reflects the sky’s color, turning blue in the morning and golden at sunset. Summer is the best season to visit. The lakeside is covered with golden rapeseed flowers (油菜花), which match perfectly with the blue lake. The average temperature in summer is only 15℃, making it the most comfortable place to escape the hot weather. In spring, nearly 100,000 migratory (迁徙的) birds, like swans (天鹅) and geese, fly to Bird Island. It’s the busiest time for the island, and you can hear their happy calls everywhere. In winter, the lake becomes a world of the most beautiful blue ice, with cracks (裂纹) that shine like stars. You can do many fun things here: breathe the freshest air, see colorful prayer flags, and try delicious food like yak yogurt and mutton. Qinghai Lake will give you the most unforgettable trip. Come and visit it — you won’t regret it! 根据语篇内容，回答问题。（1-4每题答案不超过6个词，5题不超过20词） 1．Where is Qinghai Lake? 2．How high is Qinghai Lake? 3．When is the best time to visit Qinghai Lake? 4．How many migratory birds fly to Bird Island in spring? 5．Do you want to visit Qinghai Lake? Why or why not? 【答案】1．On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. 2．3,196 meters above sea level. 3．Summer. 4．Nearly 100,1. 5．Yes, because it is beautiful and unforgettable. (答案不唯一) 【导语】本文介绍了中国最大的内陆咸水湖——青海湖的位置、海拔、四季景色以及旅游活动。 1．第一段提到青海湖位于青藏高原“lies on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”，答案是原文直接信息。 2．第一段提到青海湖海拔3196米“3,196 meters above sea level”，答案是原文直接信息。 3．第二段提到夏季是游览青海湖的最佳季节“Summer is the best season to visit”，答案是原文直接信息。 4．第二段提到春季约有10万只候鸟飞往鸟岛“nearly 100,000 migratory birds...fly to Bird Island”，答案是原文直接信息。 5．开放性试题，答案不唯一，需表达自己是否想去青海湖并说明理由，合理即可。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 自然奇观 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 约 240 介绍九寨沟，它是世界自然遗产，以彩湖、诺日朗瀑布、雪山、珍稀动植物闻名，曾受地震破坏，提醒大家保护自然美景。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 约 230 介绍喜马拉雅山脉的珠穆朗玛峰，包含海拔、攀登难点、重要登顶历史，赞美登山者不畏困难、追逐梦想的精神。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 约 220 介绍青海茶卡盐湖，解释 “天空之镜” 的由来、游览方式与盐雕景观，是知名自然旅游胜地。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 约 210 介绍非洲毛里塔尼亚的撒哈拉之眼，讲解它的形成、外观特点，同时说明它面临沙暴侵蚀的困境以及保护设想。 Passage3 完形填空 说明文 约 250 介绍广西乐业巨型天坑，讲解喀斯特地貌、天坑形成原理，说明天坑是珍稀动植物栖息地，还储存大量地下水。 Passage4 完形填空 说明文 约 230 介绍死海，它盐分极高、浮力大，富含矿物质泥浆；同时面临水位下降不断缩小的危机，呼吁保护。 Passage5 选词填空 记叙文 约 240 讲述中国登山队 1960 年从珠峰北坡登顶的故事，介绍 “中国梯”，体现人类探索自然、挑战极限的精神。 Passage6 选词填空 说明文 约 220 介绍越南韩松洞，描述洞穴内部地下河、地下森林，讲述它从被发现到重新找到的全过程。 Passage7 语法填空 记叙文 约 210 以壶口瀑布旅行为线索，介绍长江、黄河、尼罗河，讲解河流对古文明的意义，号召保护河流。 Passage8 语法填空 说明文 约 200 介绍黄河，讲解黄河文化、名字由来、流经区域，以及国家对黄河生态的治理与保护成果。 Passage9 阅读表达 说明文 约 230 介绍中国最大内陆咸水湖青海湖，讲解它的地理位置、海拔、四季景色、特色景观与游玩体验。 Passage1 Jiuzhaigou, located in Sichuan Province, is one of the most beautiful natural scenic spots in China. It was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site in 1992, and it is famous for its colourful lakes, waterfalls and snow-capped mountains. The name “Jiuzhaigou” means “the valley of nine Tibetan villages”. There are nine traditional Tibetan villages in the valley, and the local people live in harmony with nature. The most amazing part of Jiuzhaigou is its lakes. The water of the lakes is in different colours, like blue, green, turquoise and even red. The colours change with the light and the season, which makes the lakes look like precious gemstones. The reason for the colourful water is the special minerals (矿物质) and algae (藻类) in the lake bed, which show the sunlight in different ways. Jiuzhaigou has more than 100 lakes and waterfalls. The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous one. It is 27 meters high and 270 meters wide, and it is the widest calcified (钙化) waterfall in China. When the water falls down from the mountain, it makes a loud sound, and the water flies everywhere. Standing in front of the waterfall, you will feel the power of nature. In addition to lakes and waterfalls, Jiuzhaigou also has beautiful forests and snow-covered mountains. The forest is home to many special animals and plants, such as giant pandas, golden monkeys and Chinese dove trees. Jiuzhaigou is a place of natural beauty. It is a gift from nature to humans. However, it was once damaged (破坏) by an earthquake in 2017. After years of repair and protection, most of the scenic spots have been reopened to the public. We should cherish this beautiful place and protect it well, so that it can always keep its beauty. 【翻译】 九寨沟位于四川省，是中国最美的自然景区之一。它于 1992 年被列入世界自然遗产名录，以五彩斑斓的湖泊、瀑布和雪山闻名。 “九寨沟” 这个名字的意思是 “九个藏族村寨的山谷”。山谷里坐落着九个传统藏族村寨，当地人与自然和谐共处。九寨沟最令人惊叹的是它的湖泊。湖水呈现出不同的色彩，有蓝色、绿色、青绿色，甚至红色。颜色会随着光线和季节变化，使得湖泊如同珍贵的宝石。湖水色彩斑斓的原因是湖底特殊的矿物质和藻类，它们以不同方式反射阳光。 九寨沟有一百多个湖泊与瀑布。诺日朗瀑布是其中最出名的，高 27 米、宽 270 米，是中国最宽的钙化瀑布。水流从山间倾泻而下，轰鸣声震耳，水花四处飞溅。站在瀑布前，你能感受到大自然的力量。 除湖泊和瀑布之外，九寨沟还有秀美的森林与雪山。这片森林是许多珍稀动植物的家园，比如大熊猫、金丝猴以及珙桐。 九寨沟是一处自然胜地，是大自然赠予人类的礼物。不过，它曾在 2017 年的地震中遭到破坏。经过多年修复与保护，大部分景点已经重新对游客开放。我们应当珍惜并好好守护这片美景，让它永远光彩依旧。 【长难句分析】 1. The colours change with the light and the season, which makes the lakes look like precious gemstones. ✅ 结构：主句 + which 引导非限制性定语从句（指代前面整件事） 翻译：颜色会随着光线和季节变化，使得湖泊如同珍贵的宝石。 2. The reason for the colourful water is the special minerals and algae in the lake bed, which show the sunlight in different ways. ✅ 结构：主系表结构 + which 定语从句，修饰 minerals and algae 翻译：湖水色彩斑斓的原因是湖底特殊的矿物质和藻类，它们以不同方式反射阳光。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. scenic spot n. 景点 2. heritage n. 遗产 3. colourful adj. 色彩鲜艳的 4. snow-capped adj. 积雪覆盖山顶的 5. valley n. 山谷 6. harmony n. 和谐 7. turquoise n./adj. 青绿色（的） 8. mineral n. 矿物质 9. algae n. 藻类 10. calcified adj. 钙化的 11. waterfall n. 瀑布 12. giant panda 大熊猫 13. golden monkey 金丝猴 14. damage v. 破坏，损毁 15. repair n./v. 修复，修理 16. cherish v. 珍惜 Passage2 ①One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. It is 8,848.86 meters high and is very dangerous to climb. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. ②The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953. After a long and difficult climb, troubled by heavy snow, freezing wind and the lack of oxygen (缺氧), they finally reached the top. They could only spend about fifteen minutes on the summit before they had to come down. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. ③Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 【翻译】 ① 登山是世界上最危险的运动之一，而喜马拉雅山脉是这项运动最受欢迎的地点之一。喜马拉雅山脉绵延在中国西南部。在所有山峰之中，珠穆朗玛峰海拔最高，也最为出名。它高 8848.86 米，攀登难度极大。厚厚的云层笼罩峰顶，大雪纷飞。更为严峻的困难还有严寒的天气和猛烈的暴风雪。临近山顶时，呼吸空气也会变得十分困难。 ② 1953 年 5 月 29 日，丹增・诺尔盖和埃德蒙・希拉里成为首批登顶的人。漫长又艰难的攀登途中，他们饱受大雪、寒风以及缺氧的困扰，最终成功登顶。他们在顶峰仅能停留大约十五分钟，之后就必须下山。1960 年，中国登山队首次登顶；而首位成功登顶的女性是来自日本的田部井淳子，时间为 1975 年。 ③ 为什么这么多登山者甘愿冒着生命危险？其中一个主要原因是人们想要在困难面前挑战自我。这些登山者的精神告诉我们：我们永远不要放弃努力去实现梦想。这也证明，人类有时可以比自然的力量更强大。 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·陕西西安·期中） Chaka Salt Lake is one of the most amazing places of interest in China. It is about three hundred kilometres away from Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province. Chaka Salt Lake is famous for its unique (独特的) beauty. On a sunny day, the surface of the water looks so clear and perfectly shows the clouds and sky above. This is why people call it “the mirror of the sky”. The lake isn’t deep at all, so people can walk through the water safely. As you step into the lake, it’s like walking in the sky. It is really a natural wonder and a treat for your eyes. This fun and unusual experience makes Chaka Salt Lake a popular place for visitors. There are several ways to tour around Chaka Salt Lake: you can walk along the tourist attractions, take a small train or a boat ride. Along the way, you won’t miss the salt sculptures (雕塑). They are large, all white, and show things like historical figures (历史人物), animals and natural landscapes. A walk among these sculptures is an enjoyable experience. The beautiful Chaka Salt Lake is a great choice for anyone to look for a quiet moment. 1．Why is Chaka Salt Lake called “the mirror of the sky”? A．Because the water is deep and blue. B．Because there are many salt sculptures. C．Because people can walk on it like a mirror. D．Because it shows the clouds and sky clearly. 2．The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refers to “_________”. A．tourist attractions B．the salt sculptures C．historical figures D．natural landscapes 3．In which part of a magazine (杂志) can we find the passage? A．Nature & Travel. B．History & Culture. C．Science & Technology. D．Health & Medicine. Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·贵州贵阳·期中） The Eye of the Sahara is one of Earth’s most amazing natural wonders. It’s a special place in the desert of Mauritania, Africa. Looking from the sky, it looks like a huge, bright eye! It is as long as about 438 football fields. The Eye looks like a big round pizza with different coloured parts. How was it made? Millions of years ago, the ground under the sand started to rise up. Then, wind and rain slowly wore away (磨薄) the soft rocks, leaving the hard ones behind. Over time, these hard rocks made the beautiful circles we see today. From above, you can count about 20 round circles. Each one has a different colour. The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside. But the Eye of the Sahara is in trouble. The desert is very dry, and sandstorms (沙暴) often blow over it. The sand can make the rocks difficult to see, and many people can’t visit this amazing place because it’s far from big cities. What can we do to help? Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks from sand. Some people also suggest building a small road or a simple visitor centre nearby. This way, more tourists can come and see the Eye of the Sahara. 1．What can we learn about the circles of the Eye from Paragraph 2? A．There are about 8 round circles. B．The smallest circle is in the centre. C．Each circle has the same colour. 2．Why can’t many people visit the Eye easily? A．Because it’s too small to find. B．Because it’s far from cities. C．Because it’s too hot to get there. 3．What does the underlined word “conserve” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Climb. B．Hike. C．Protect. 4．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To describe a natural wonder and its challenges. B．To tell how to build a visitor centre. C．To compare different deserts in Africa. Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·天津河东·期中）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A team of Chinese scientists have found a new giant sinkhole (天坑). It’s 192 metres 1 . What did they find at the bottom? An ancient forest! This 2 discovery was found in Leye County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Leye County is known 3 the museum of sinkholes. People have found about 30 sinkholes there so far. How do sinkholes form? China has a karst landform (喀斯特地貌), a scientist called Veni told the reporter. Karst landscapes are made when rainwater runs through little cracks (裂缝) in the ground. The cracks 4 grow into tunnels (隧道) and then big caves (洞穴). Over time, a cave can get too big. Its ceiling then falls slowly, opening up huge sinkholes. Veni called China’s sinkholes “spectacular (壮观的)” because of their great sizes. 5 are sinkholes important? Besides looking cool, karst caves and sinkholes can be 6 to all kinds of plants, animals and microbes (微生物). The newly discovered one has ancient trees up to 40 metres tall. “I wouldn’t be surprised to know that some species in these caves have never been 7 or described by science until now,” said the leader of the exploration team, Chen Lixin. This is 8 the sinkholes are separate from the outside world. That 9 an environment for new species to form. Sinkholes also have deep stores of underground water. They are like nature’s water pipes (管道). They bring 10 to 700 million people worldwide, Veni told the reporter. 1．A．tall B．deep C．thin D．long 2．A．terrible B．amazing C．early D．careful 3．A．as B．for C．to D．with 4．A．luckily B．easily C．slowly D．heavily 5．A．Why B．When C．Where D．What 6．A．school B．home C．office D．house 7．A．reported B．sold C．saved D．left 8．A．because B．but C．whether D．after 9．A．hurts B．provides C．protects D．helps 10．A．rain B．snow C．water D．food Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·广东东莞·期中）Have you ever heard of the Dead Sea? It’s one of the world’s most amazing places. It isn’t a sea, but a large lake. It sits in the Jordan Valley and is famous for being the lowest point on Earth. The water in the Dead Sea is very salty—almost ten times 1 than regular ocean water. Because of this, fish or plants cannot live in it. That’s 2 people call it the “Dead” Sea. But don’t let the name scare you! The water is so buoyant (有浮力的) that you can float on it 3 . It’s a funny feeling, like lying on an air bed! Many people visit the Dead Sea every year 4 its special mud (泥浆). The mud is rich in minerals and is said to be good for 5 skin. Visitors often cover themselves in the dark mud and then float in the water. It’s a popular 6 to relax. However, the Dead Sea is 7 a problem. It is shrinking (缩小)! The water level is going down by about one meter per year. Scientists say we need to 8 water from other places to save it. If we don’t take action, this natural wonder might one day 9 . The Dead Sea teaches us an important lesson: nature is powerful and beautiful, but also 10 . We should try our best to protect such wonders for our future. 1．A．heavier B．saltier C．sweeter D．cleaner 2．A．what B．why C．when D．where 3．A．easily B．hardly C．difficultly D．sadly 4．A．because of B．instead of C．thanks to D．as for 5．A．his B．her C．our D．their 6．A．way B．idea C．dream D．plan 7．A．facing B．solving C．answering D．breaking 8．A．bring B．take C．borrow D．give 9．A．appear B．disappear C．arrive D．leave 10．A．dangerous B．safe C．weak D．kind Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·河南驻马店·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 one;  him;  successful;  pull;  climbers;  fast;  used; to;  change;   but To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able 1 touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and 2 weather. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”, 3 a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. On 24 May 1960, 4 Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed 5 teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers 6 themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world’s highest mountain for the 7 time. In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side 8 this “Chinese Ladder” to reach the top much 9 . In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height—8,848.86 metres. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top 10 , but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply “because it’s there”! Passage 6 （25-26八年级下·广西玉林·期中）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上，每个单词只能用一次。 they  finally  running  shines  inside  think  level  natural  explorer  until The Son Doong Cave (韩松洞) is in Vietnam (越南). It is more than 150 metres high, about 200 metres wide and at least 6.5 kilometres long. It is famous as a (n) 1 wonder. The cave is in the heart of a national park. It remained undiscovered (未被发现的) 2 a local farmer found the small opening to the cave in 1991. He told the story of the cave to other villagers, but no one 3 it was true. Years later, a group of British 4 heard about the farmer’s story. They learned from him that there was a strong, cool wind and the sound of water coming out of the opening. These were signs showing that there was a large cave. They asked the farmer to help 5 find the cave, but he forgot where the opening was. However, the cave attracted curious people. In 2009, the farmer and some people 6 found the cave again. They went 7 and were very surprised. They found a large underground river 8 through the cave. They also found a forest. It is 200 metres below ground 9 . It is really beautiful when the sun 10 into the cave. If you want to visit the cave, you need to cross rivers and climb up walls. How difficult it is! Passage 7 （25-26八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中）Ella just had 1 unforgettable trip. She saw the Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River. She once wondered if the Yellow River was the longest river in China. In fact, the Yangtze River is the longest one in China. It travels the 2 (far) and is about 6,300 kilometres long, while the Yellow River, about 5,464 kilometres long, is the 3 (two) longest. The Yellow River gets 4 (it) name because some 5 (part) of it carry brown and yellow earth. Ella likes learning 6 rivers. Her favourite river is the Nile, the longest river in Africa. It is 6,671 kilometres long and very important in Egypt’s history. Both the Nile 7 the Yellow River played important roles in helping the 8 (develop) of ancient civilizations and remain important today. In China, the Yellow River is even called the “mother river”. We should try our best 9 (protect) them. We should raise our awareness (意识) of environmental protection and take practical action to keep these 10 (wonder) rivers clean and well-preserved for future generations (子孙后代). Passage 8 （25-26八年级下·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期中）阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yellow River is the second 1 (long) river in China. It runs from the mountains 2 the sea . It gave birth to one of the oldest and most famous 3 (culture) in the world-the Yellow River culture. In the hearts of Chinese people, the Yellow River is the “mother river”. It is expected to play a more important role in our country’s 4 (develop). The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 5 its water is yellow, as it took lots of yellow sand to the water when it ran through the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). The river starts from Qinghai province in northwestern China. It runs through a lot of places before 6 (run) into the Bohai Sea. The 5,464-kilometer-long river 7 (feed) about 12% of China’s population and offers water to about 17% of fields and more than 50 cities. So far our country has made great efforts (努力) in the environment 8 (protect) of the river. Each year over 400 million tons of sand can’t go into it. Our “mother river” has become much 9 (clear) than before. We should try 10 (we) best to protect it. Passage 9 （25-26八年级下·黑龙江牡丹江·期中）Qinghai Lake: The Largest Salt Lake Qinghai Lake is the largest inland (内陆的) saltwater lake in China. It lies on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, looking like the brightest blue gem under the sun. It is 3,196 meters above sea level, and its shoreline (海岸线) is about 360 kilometers long. You can walk or ride a bike along it to enjoy the view. The water here is the clearest; it always reflects the sky’s color, turning blue in the morning and golden at sunset. Summer is the best season to visit. The lakeside is covered with golden rapeseed flowers (油菜花), which match perfectly with the blue lake. The average temperature in summer is only 15℃, making it the most comfortable place to escape the hot weather. In spring, nearly 100,000 migratory (迁徙的) birds, like swans (天鹅) and geese, fly to Bird Island. It’s the busiest time for the island, and you can hear their happy calls everywhere. In winter, the lake becomes a world of the most beautiful blue ice, with cracks (裂纹) that shine like stars. You can do many fun things here: breathe the freshest air, see colorful prayer flags, and try delicious food like yak yogurt and mutton. Qinghai Lake will give you the most unforgettable trip. Come and visit it — you won’t regret it! 根据语篇内容，回答问题。（1-4每题答案不超过6个词，5题不超过20词） 1．Where is Qinghai Lake? 2．How high is Qinghai Lake? 3．When is the best time to visit Qinghai Lake? 4．How many migratory birds fly to Bird Island in spring? 5．Do you want to visit Qinghai Lake? Why or why not? 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $