专题01 选择性必修第一册 Unit～Unit2 单元词汇短语句型语法梳理（期中图文版知识清单）高二英语上学期外研版

必记核心 1 ※mood 2. ※debt 3. ※spot 4. 是 ※reject 5. ※essential 6. 9 ※worthwhile 7. ※deserve 8. ※guarantee 9. clown 10.8线 contest 11. Ximpress 12.于 ※outcome 13.⊙日 ※optimism 14. ※upset 15. ※entertain 词汇(1) n.心情 n.债务，欠款 V.发现，注意到，看出 V.拒绝接受，不予考虑 adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 adj.重要的；值得做的 V.应得，应受到 V.保证；确保 n.小丑 n.比赛，竞赛 V.使钦佩，使留下深刻印象 n.结果，后果 n.乐观；乐观主义 ad.心烦意乱的，烦恼的 V.使快乐 必记核心词汇（2) 16.※worthy adj..值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的 17.※perseverance n.毅力；韧性 18.fame n.名声，名誉 19. ※appreciate v.感激；欣赏； 理解 20.※remarkable adi.非凡的；引人注目的 21.manuscript n.手稿，底稿 22.pace n.速度；进度 23.permanent adj..长久的；永久的 24.※inform v.通知，告知 25.※enthusiasm n.热情，热忱 26.※delight n.高兴，愉快 27.gentle adj.和蔼友善的，温和的，氵 温柔的 28.nevertheless adv.然而，不过 备注： 卡片3：高频核心短语汇总 cheer up turn down work closely play a part in pain (使)高兴起来， 拒绝 with 起作用 疼痛地 (使)振作起来 与…密切合作 OFFER worthy of do the trick regret to more often be 值得…的 奏效，达到预期效果 do sth. than not appreciative of 违憾要做某事 往往；多半；通常 对…感激 M☒ throw light on have...in fall behind take(.…) do a great 使（某事）显得非常清common with..不能按时完成 for example job 楚；使人了解（某事） 与…在…方面 (工作) 以…为例 干得很好 有相同之处 ☆几◇ EXCELLENTI go about sth. on the spot probe into close in on be upset 继续做某事； 当场；立刻；在现场调查，探究 笼罩；围住；逼近about/over/at sth. 忙于做某事 为某事心烦/滩过 build up confidence relieve pressure 树立信心 缓解压力 15mm white margin 2cm 高中英语必背重点句型（1) 1.动名词短语作主语 Helping by Entertaining! ☑结构核心：动名词短语(v-ing开头)作主语，谓语动词用单数 例句：Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them. 刁翻译：当一名小丑医生意味着我可以通过逗人们开心来 帮助他们。 2.祈使句+and+陈述句 Effort leads to ☑结构核心：祈使句表条件，and后接陈述句表结果， Success! 陈述句常用一般将来时 ☑例句：Keep trying and eventually you will read the Weare words"We are delighted to inform you..." delighted to inferm you.. 翻译：继续努力，最终你会读到“我们很高兴通知 您”这样的话。 3.倍数表达(twice+名词短语) ☑结构核心：倍数+名词短语，表“是…的X倍大/长/宽等” ☑例句：In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size. ☑翻译：在这个特别的场景中央，我看到一个小女孩，她的 Normal Twice its 脚踝是正常尺寸的两倍大。 Size Normal Size o 4.get+宾语+过去分词 Getting It ☑结构核心：get+宾语+done,表“使某事被完成”， Done! 宾语和宾补为被动关系 例句：J.D.塞林格started writing short stories in high school,but later struggled to get his works published 翻译：」.D.塞林格高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来却 难于发表自己的作品。 5.keep+宾语+过去分词 Stay Informed! ☑结构核心：keep+宾语+done,表“使…保持某种状 态”，宾语和宾补为被动关系 ☑例句：We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses,who keep us updated on each patient. ☑翻译：我们必须非常善解人意，并与医生和护士密切合作， 他们让我们了解每个病人的最新情况。 2cm 高中英语必背重点句型 (2) 6.while引导让步状语从句 ☑结构核心：while放句首表“虽然、尽管”，引导让步状语从句， Hard Work Luck 主句表转折内容 例句：While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part, perseverance is the key. 口翻译：虽然艰苦的努力和一点运气会起一定作用，但毅力才是关键。 7.tis.that..强调句 ☑结构核心：tis/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分，去掉 ane Eyre 强调结构后句子仍完整成立 ☑例句：In fact,,it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words... 翻译：事实上，我们正是在《简·爱》的书页中读到这些话的… 8.All...do is (to)do... 结构核心：Al+定语从句+is(to)do,表“某人所要做的全部事 情就是…”，to可省略 例句：All you have to do is cross out the wrong words, ☑翻译：你所要做的就是删去错误的单词。 9.ony+状语引起部分倒装 211 结构核心：oly+状语（从句/介词短语/副词）放句首，主句部分 01 倒装（助动词/情态动词/be动词提至主语前），从句不倒装 ☑例句：Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen. ☑翻译：只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到自己还有多少东西没 有看见。 10.状语从句中的省略 ☑结构核心：当状语从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含be动词时， 可省路从句的主语和be动词 例句：Even when serving in the US Army during the Second World War,he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on the novel throughout his war service ☑翻译：即使在第二次世界大战期间服役于美国军队，他也随身带 着《麦田里的守望者》的六个章节，并在服役期间不断创作。 GRAN 高中英语配套核心语法梳理 语法条目 核心说明 示例 1.名词短语(NP) 名词及修饰语组成的整体 the young writer with a remarkable 可作主语、宾语或表语 talent 2.形容词短语(AdjP) 以形容词为中心，可作 deeply appreciative 表语或补语 of the support ADJECTIVE MODIFIERS 3.副词短语(AdvP) verb 以副词为中心，主要修饰 》ADVERB →adjective 动词、形容词或句子 quite gently sentence 4.动名词短语作主语 VERB+MC 动名词短语作主语通常 视为单数，谓语动词用单 Being a clown 0 数形式 doctor means... 5.keep/get+宾语+ 宾语补足语 宾补为过去分词时表被 keep sb.updated(保持知情)； 动，说明宾语的状态 get sth.published KEEP/GET 。CBJECT,COMPLEMENT (使某事被完成) (PAST PARTICIPLE) 6.状语从句的省略 主从句主语一致且从句含 Even when serving in be动词时，可省略从句 the army Even when he was 主语+be serving in the army 7.强调句 结构：Itis/was+被强 It is within the pages 调成分+that/who+其 of Jane Eyre that It is/was... 他成分；去掉强调结构后 we can find these that/who 句子仍成立 words 8.祈使句+and+陈述句 SUCCESSI 祈使句表条件，and后常 KEEP Keep trying and you TRYIN COMMAND/ RESULT CONDITION will succeed (FUTURE TENSE) 用将来时态表达结果 (AND) 9.only+状语置于句首 句部分倒装，从句不倒 Only when you work ONLY 装 hard can you get®f good grades ADVERBIAL RAMMAR 初中英语知识卡片：必记高频派生词 (1) (最高频考点，※为核心考点) ※1.amuse.逗乐，逗笑；（提供）消遣；（使）娱乐 →amusement n.娱乐，消遣→amusing adj,好笑的；有乐趣的 →amused adj,被逗乐的；觉得好笑的 ※2.inform v.通知，告知 →information n.消息；通知；信息；资料；情报 小 ※3.entertain v.使快乐 →entertainment n.娱乐，消遣；招待，款待；娱乐节目 →entertaining adj..使人愉快的→entertained adj,娱乐的； 愉快的 ※4.reject v.拒绝接受，不予考虑→rejection n.拒绝，否决 ※5.impress v.使软佩，使留下深刻印象 →impressed ad.钦佩的；印象深刻的 →impressive ad).令人放佩的；给人印象深刻的→impression n.印象 6.criticise vt,.批评；指责-→criticism n.批评；指责 →critical adj,批评的；至关重要的；严重的 ※7.optimism n.乐观；乐观主义→optimistic ad.乐观的 →optimistically adv.乐观地 8.rare adj,稀罕的，稀少的→rarely adv..很少，难得 9.remark n.言论；意见，评论→remarkable ad,非凡的；引人注目的 →remarkably adv.不寻常地；惊人地 ※10.delight n.高兴，愉快→delighted ad.愉快的，高兴的 →delightful ad.令人愉快的；宜人的 &8 1l.interact v.交流；相互影响，相互作用→interaction n.交流 ※l2.appreciate v..感激；欣赏；理解→appreciative adj..感激的；欣赏的 → appreciation n.感激；欣赏；理解，领会 13.conclude.作出…结论，推断出→conclusion n.结论 ※14.embarrass v.(使)难堪，（使）尴尬→embarrassment n.难堪， 尴尬；使人难堪的人（或事）→embarrassed ad,难堪的，尴尬的 →embarrassing ad.使人难堪的，使人尴尬的 15.gentle adj.和蔼友善的，温和的，温柔的→gently adv..温和地；轻柔地鸟 必记高频知识卡片（2)&核心考点梳理 高频派生词(2)&必考易错搭配 (填空必考点，※为核心考点) 16.elect v..选举，推选→election n.选举，推选→elective adj.选举的；可选择 的 ※17.enthusiasm n.热情，热忱→enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→ enthusiastically adv.热心地；热情地 18.cruel adj.残忍的→cruelly adv..残忍地→cruelty n.残忍 考点02介词填空一必考 知识点：熟记短语的介词位置及搭配意义，如in pain、.work closely with、inform sb..of sth.o 固定搭配 正确介词 固定搭配 正确介词 D pain in work closely with 官 throw light on be appreciative of be worthy of take sth. example for 中 have... common with in 自 stick sth. on 家 be upset sth. about 肉 inform sb sth. of 香 be amused sth. at keep sb.informed of 考点03“to后接doing'”陷阱一高频易错 知识点：介词to后接doing,不定式to后接动词原形 ☑介词to(加doing)：look forward to doing,be used to doing ☑不定式to(加原形)：regret to do,.guarantee to do CUARANTSE ☑易混辨析： used to do(过去常常做) regret to do(遗憾要做某事) regret doing(后悔已做某事) 考点04-ed/-ing形容词辨析一必考 知识点：ing形容词描述“事物令人产生某种感受”的特征；-ed形容词描述“人感受到某种情 绪”的状态 amusing /amused embarrassing/embarrassed entertaining entertained disappointing/disappointed 初中英语核心写作句型与汉译英知识卡片 核心写作句型&汉译英模板(1) 知识点：for sb.表示评价做慕事的难易或必要性；ofsb.用于评价人的品格；not only...but also 作主语时遵循就近原则。 重点句型：tis+adj.+for/of sb to do、not only.but also(就近原则) 1.(It is+adj.+for sb to do) 2.(It is adi.of sb to do) 题干：对于初次住院的孩子来说， 題干：即使自己也轻历过多次拒稿， 在陌生的环境里保持乐观井不容易， 那位作家仍耐心敲励年轻作者维续 但幽默有时能够帮助他们放松下来。 写作，真是訑的体贴之处。 参考翻译：It is not easy for 参考翻译：It was thoughtful of the children in hospital for the first time writer to encourage young writers to remain optimistic in an to keep writing,even though she unfamiliar environment,but humour herself had faced repeated can sometimes help them relax. rejections. 3.(not only.but also;就近原则 4.(Not only置于句首；部分倒装) 题干：不仅小丑医生，而且护士们 題干：渍出不仅缓解了孩子们的紧 也会留意孩子们情结的变化，并及 张情堵，还使家长们在忙碌的一天 时调整活动。 中获得片刻轻松。 参考翻译：Not only the clown 参考翻译：Not only did the doctor but also the nurses pay performance ease the children's attention to changes in the children's anxiety,but it also gave their parents moods and adjust the a moment of relief after a demanding activities accordingly. day. 核心写作句型&汉译英模板(2) 重点句型：would rather do than do、.prefer doing to doing 5.(would rather do than do) 6.(prefer doing to doing) 补全句子：即使放事再次被拒，她 补全句子：对于仍感到弃的孩子， 仍宁愿俺改手稿，也不恩完全放弃 小丑医生更愿寡先候听他们的心声， 写作。 而不是立刻开站表演。 Even after her story was rejected For the children who were still in again,she would rather revise her pain,the clown doctor preferred manuscript than give up writing listening to their concerns to starting altogether,hoping that her next a performance straight away, attempt would bring a better result. because feeling understood mattered more than hearing a joke. 7.(would rather do than do) 8.(prefer doing to doing) 补全句子：当朋友建议他放弃比 补全句子：作者更愿意接受建设性 甕时，他宁愿趣续努力，也不愿怀 的批评，而不是寻找信口，达使地 髓自己的能力。 下一篇作品有所谀进。 When his friends advised him to Rather than blame the outcome on abandon the contest,he would bad luck,the author preferred taking rather keep trying than doubt his constructive criticism to making ability,believing that progress excuses,which helped her improve came from patient practice. her next story. 语法填空短语成分解题技巧（提分必看） Q知识点： NP(名词短语)常作主语或宾语；AdjP(形容词短语)常作表语或宾语补足语； AdvP(副词短语)常作状语。分析时先找中心词，再确定句法功能。 l.画线短语：The brightly dressed volunteer with a red nose 原句：The brightly dressed volunteer with a red nose greeted the anxious children at the hospital entrance, where several families were waiting for help. ○短语类别：NP(名词短语)；句法功能：主语。 2.画线短语：deeply optimistic about her future 原句：Although another rejection letter arrived,the young writer remained deeply optimistic about her future and began revising the manuscript that evening. O短语类别：AdjP(形容词短语)；句法功能：表语。 3.画线短语：surprisingly gently 原句：The nurse explained the procedure surprisingly gently,as she knew the little boy had become anxious after a long morning of examinations. O短语类别：AdvP(副词短语)；句法功能：状语。 4.画线短语：noticeably more cheerful than before 原句：After the performance,the doctors found the children noticeably more cheerful than before and thanked the volunteers for their patience 短语类别：AdjP(形容词短语)；句法功能：宾语补足语。 5.画线短语：the editor's detailed suggestions 原句：Despite the disappointing outcome,.the author regarded the editor's detailed suggestions as a valuable opportunity to improve her writing ⊙短语类别：NP(名词短语)；句法功能：宾语。 中学英语写作指南：书面表达（应用文）（考点07） 写作逻辑 ☑邀请邮件：目的→活动安排→发出邀请，语气热情友好 ☑鼓励邮件：理解处境→提出建议→表达期待，语气真诚得体 亨必用核心句式 It is worthwhile to... .I would rather.than… I am writing to express my appreciation... .Keep trying and… 题型1：邀请邮件写作 题目：邀请交换生Alex参加下周五l6:00学校礼堂“Laughter Matters"英语短剧展演 ●●● .日X 参考范文： Dear Alex, I'm writing to invite you to an English comedy show,"Laughter Matters",in the school auditorium at 4 p.m.next Friday.Several student groups will perform short plays based on everyday school life.We will also share funny moments afterwards and discuss how humour helps us cope with pressure.The show promises not only laughter but also a chance to connect with others.It would be wonderful if you could join us.Please let me know by Wednesday so I can save you a seat. Yours, LiHua 写作点拨：时间地点-→活动安排→明确邀请；运用invite sb.to与not only…but also结构。 题型2：鼓励邮件写作 题目：安慰英语写作比赛落选的英国笔友Tom,给出建议并鼓励 ●●0 参考范文： Dear Tom, I'm sorry to hear that your story wasn't selected for the competition.It's natural to feel upset,but one rejection doesn't define your ability.Many respected writers faced setbacks before their work was published.Why not ask your teacher for feedback and revise the parts that need improvement?You could also keep a writing journal to practise regularly.It is worthwhile to keep trying,even when progress seems slow.I believe your perseverance will eventually pay off,and I look forward to reading your next story. Yours, Li Hua 写作点拨：先共情，再提出具体建议，最后鼓励；注意时态、语气和表达的真实性。 20mm Producer word word 高频易混词辨析（1) 辨析O1:worth/worthy/worthwhile(值得) 词/词语 用法 例句 worth be (well)worth doing; The novel is well 主动形式表被动 worth reading. worthy be worthy of being The story is worthy done/to be done of being published. Encourage! worthwhile It is worthwhile to do It is worthwhile to doing sth. encourage others. 记t忆▣诀：worth+doing;worthy+of being done/tobe done;worthwhile+to do/doing 辨析02：-ed形容词vs-ing形容词 词对 -ed(感受者) -ing (引起感受者) amused amusing amuse 感到有趣的 令人发笑的 entertained entertain entertaining 被逗乐的 有趣的 embarrassed embarrassing embarrass 感到尴尬的 令人尴尬的 }记忆口诀：-ed强调感受者的情绪，-ing强调使人产生这种情 绪的特征；不能机械理解为“人-ed、物-ing”。 210mm x 297mm 必记高频动词辨析(2) 辨析03：to后接doing还是do(介词tovs不定式to) 结构 to的性质 例句 look forward to 介词to We look forward to @ doing 后接动名词 hearing from you. be used to doing 介词to She is used to working 后接动名词 patiently. regret to do/ 不定式to We regret to inform guarantee to do 后接动词原形 you of the result. 可记忆口诀：先辨认to是介词还是不定式标志；regret to do与 regret doing意义不同。 辨析04：regret to do vs regret doing 词/结构 语义及时间关系 例句 regret to do 遗憾将要做； We regret to inform 事情尚未发生 you of the rejection. regret doing 后悔做过； She regretted turning 事情已经发生 down the offer. regret 强调过去已完成 He regretted having having done 的行为 said those words. 官记忆口诀：regret to do表将要做；regret doing/having done表做过； 据语境判断时间先后。 辨析05：Itis+adj.+for sb/of sb to do 结构 逻辑判断 例句 It is adj.+ 评价事情的难度、 It is essential for us to for sb to do 必要性或价值 remain optimistic. It is adj.+ 评价某人的品质 It was kind of her to of sb to do 或行为 cheer up the patient. of/for自检 可转换为sb.is+ She was kind enough ad.时常用of to help the patient. 文记忆▣诀：评价事情的必要性多用for;kind/generous/thoughtful 等评价人品格时多用of。