Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 后宫佳丽三千 皇后只有一个 动词与动词之间的皇 “谓” 之争 皇上不可能不要后宫了，于是解决办法是—— WORK SUMMARY AND REPORT 动词与动词之间的皇 “谓” 之争 皇后=谓语动词 皇贵妃=非谓语动词 在简单句这个王朝中，有且只能有一个皇后“谓语动词”，其他的动词（其他的妃子）就只能充当非谓语。 动词与动词之间的皇 “谓” 之争 圈出该句话的动词（动作）  He found himself surrounded with many people 谓语动词：跟在主语后面，需要考虑时态/语态/人称。 S O OC 非谓语动词：不能作谓语，只能充当其他成分，如宾补、定语、表语、状语等。 →分析：该句中_________(有/没有)谓语动词，所以该空格应使用________(谓语/非谓语动词)，时态为________________________。 Look at the sentences and fill in the blanks. 1. The girl (dance) in the classroom now. →分析：该句中_________(有/没有)谓语动词，所以该空格应使用________(谓语/非谓语动词)，时态为_____________。 2. The girl (dance) in the classroom now and she looks very confident. →分析：该句中_________(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有并列连词_______连接了两个动词，所以空格应使用________(谓语/非谓语动词)，并且前后两个动词时态_______(一致/不一致)。 没有 谓语动词 现在进行时 is dancing 有 and 谓语动词 一致 is dancing Look at the sentences and fill in the blanks. 3. The girl who (dance) in the classroom now looks very confident. →分析：该句中_____(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有关系代词_______，从句中的空格应使用________(谓语/非谓语动词)，时态为_________________________。 4. The girl (dance) in the classroom now looks very confident. →分析：该句中______(有/没有)谓语动词，并且______(有/没有)连词or引导词，所以空格应使用_____________(谓语/非谓语动词)。 有 who 谓语动词 现在进行时 有 没有 非谓语动词 is dancing dancing ★ 一个句子中已经存在一个________, 又没有_______的情况下，另一个动词需要用_____________。 谓语动词 连词 非谓语动词 口诀助记： 一个句子一个谓 多个谓语连成对 若无连词用非谓 连词 并列连词 or、and、but、so、however... 从属连词 when、who、that、because... 2 1 Conclude the golden rules. 判断非谓语动词的形式： → 表目的和将来，用__________________ → 表主动和进行，用__________________ → 表被动和完成，用__________________ 确定谓语动词 or 非谓语动词 ？ →填非谓语：句子中已有 ,且无_______。 逻辑 主语 谓语动词 连词 不定式 to do 现在分词 doing 过去分词 done 非谓语动词 ① 三种形式： 1. to do 不定式 表示还没有发生的事情（目的、将来） 2. doing 现在分词 表示正在发生的动作（主动、进行) 3. done 过去分词 表示被动/动作已经完成（被动、完成） ② 做题步骤： 1. 找谓语 2. 无连词无从句用非谓语 3. 填写正确形式（to do/doing/done） . Practice 1. (tell) the truth, he was sad. 说出这个真相，他很难过。 2. (be) the teacher is my dream. 成为老师是我的梦想。 3. (tell) the truth, he was amazed. 被告知真相，他很震惊。 Telling To be Told （2）I saw four girls ____________(wear) different clothes. wearing 逻辑主语与该动作之间是主动的关系 逻辑主语：非谓语动词动作的发出者或承受者 （3）I like reading the novels (write) by San Mao. written 逻辑主语与该动作之间是被动的关系 逻辑主语 ▶English is a widely used language. 英语是一门被广泛使用的语言。 ▶This is one of the schools built in the 1980s. 这是20世纪80年代建造的学校之一。 =This is one of the schools that were built in the 1980s. (1)单个过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之 ______。 (2)过去分词短语作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之 ______，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 前 后 1. 过去分词作定语的位置 a closed door a broken window a polluted river the fallen leaves a drunk baby (1)单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之 。 an injured player 前 These are the books written by him. (2)过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之 ，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 后 This is a picture painted by Leonardo da Vinci. A (drink) man fell on the table. 一名喝醉的男子醉倒在桌子上。 The (fall) leaves look beautiful. 掉落的树叶很漂亮。 drunk fallen Have a try! =The basketball player _____ _____ ______ by many people is Yao Ming. The basketball player ____________________ is Yao Ming. 这个被很多人喜爱的篮球运动员叫姚明。 who loved is loved by many people Have a try! 单个的过去分词修饰不定代词 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的_______。 1. He is one of those killed. 2. There was nobody punished. 后面 过去分词作定语相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词，与被修饰的名词之间为被动或完成关系。 an honoured guest a guided trip 只表完成不表被动 the broken glass the question discussed yesterday 只表被动不表完成 二、过去分词作定语的意义 fallen leaves the risen sun a retired teacher 既表被动又表完成 a b c 情感类动词 过去分词（修饰人） 现在分词（修饰事物） interested interesting inspired inspiring amazing boring surprised disappointing 4.情感动词两分词，用作定语意不同。现在分词是_______，过去分词表_______。 令人…的 感到…的 interest amaze bore disappoint surprise inspire amazed surprising disappointed bored I lost the book __________(borrow) from the library. borrowed Practice 2. There was an ________ (excite) look on his face when he met his girlfriend. 3. This is the problem __________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday. excited discussed 什么叫宾语补足语？ 宾语补足语一般放在宾语_____, 对宾语起_________的作用。 之后 补充说明 Everyone calls him (宾语) (宾补) (主语) (谓语) Tom. 仔细观察下列句子中过去分词的用法，在句子中充当什么成分呢？ ▶I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. ▶He got his foot injured while playing football. ▶I heard the song sung in English. S V O OC S S O OC OC O V 作宾语补足语的过去分词(短语)一般都表示被动或完成的意义，表明宾语所处的状态。 V done He found his new bike______(steal). 过去分词作宾语补足语，表示______ 或______ 的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。 完成 被动 stolen I saw him (beat) by his mother. beaten Practice 位于表示“使”“令”“让”等意义的使役动词后作宾补： have ,make, get, keep, leave等 have/make/get/keep/leave + 宾语 + done 结构为： They had many trees __________(plant). He had his leg __________(break) in the accident. I had my wallet _________(steal) in the bus. planted broken stolen 1. 意为“使某事被做” 。 2. 意为“主语遭遇某种不幸”。 “使役动词 have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义 “with ＋ 宾语 ＋ 过去分词”结构中, 过去分词充当宾语补足语，这时过去分词与宾语之间是 _____关系。 With all the problems _______(solve), she felt relaxed. With more flowers (plant), the garden looks very beautiful.  动宾 solved planted The speaker announced the news three times to make himself _______(hear). My phone battery died. I have to get my phone _______(charge) immediately. With the problem _________(settle), he felt over the moon. heard charged settled 37 $