Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and Thinking语言点课件-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

语言点分析 Unit 4 ①Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smellygas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：00 a.m., on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night. too...to... 太...而不能... refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 run out of 从...跑出来； 用完，耗尽 在乡下 在村里 像往常一样 至少 Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat. 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食. The bag is too heavy for him _______ carry. He is too shy ________ (give) a speech in public. The question is too difficult ________ (answer). She was too excited _________ (say) a word when she heard the news. to to give to answer　 to say There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 井壁上出现了很深的裂缝。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语法精讲：that 引导的是 什么从句？ 为什么用that引导？ 解析：that 引导的是定语从句 依据：that 从句位于名词cracks后,起修饰限定的作用,故为定从 引导词用that的原因：cracks(_____ ) appeared in the well walls. 从句缺主语--指代cracks，指物---因此可用that/which来引导 ②At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. begin to do sth 开始做某事 似乎，好像 come to an end 结束 在...下面 one of +形容词最高级+名词复数 表示“...之一” 三分之一 横穿 三分之二 成千上万的 ...的数量 定语从句 变为废墟 5 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 看起来似乎世界末日就要来临了 思考：教材里这句话是陈述语气还是虚拟语气？ 解析：因为the world 作主语，在陈述句中，谓语应为was 本句谓语为were,因此可推知此句为虚拟语气。 课文逐句理解+知识点拓展 语法精讲： as if 后引导的从句，如果描述的事件是真实的，就用陈述语气 as if 后引导的从句，如果描述的是不太可能发生的事情,用虚拟语气。 as if 从句用虚拟语气的三种情况： 1.与现在事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时(虚拟语气中没有was,只用were） He looks after the boy as if he were his father. 他照顾这个男孩就好像他是他的父亲一样。(与现在事实相反) 2.与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时 Tom and his new friend talked as though they had been friends for years. 汤姆和他的新朋友说起话来好像他们是多年的朋友一样。(与过去事实相反) 3.与将来事实相反，从句谓语用would/could/might+V原 It looks as if it would rain. 看起来似乎将要下雨。 (与将来事实相反) 对事实的假设 从句的谓语动词 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 as if / as though 从句使用虚拟语气： did (be动词用were) had done would/could/might +do Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. 在城市正下方11公里处，20世纪最致命的地震之一已经开始，这次地震甚至给150多公里外的北京造成了破坏。 语法精讲： that 引导的是什么从句？为什么用that引导该从句？ 语法解析1：quake是名词---that 从句为定语从句 语法解析2：观察a quak___even caused damage more than.....可知 从句缺主语---主语指代先行词quake,为事/物---因此用that/which引导 Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! 全国近三分之一的人都感受到了! 语法精讲： 1.分数的表达为子基母序（分子用基数词，分母用序数词） eg: one fifth五分之一 two thirds三分之二 three fifths五分之三 2. 分数词of 结构+n.作主语, 谓语的单复数取决于名词的单复数。 eg:Three fifths of the students studying English. (like) eg:Three fifths of the water been polluted. (have) like has Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。 语法精讲： who 引导的是什么从句？为什么用who引导？ 解析1：从句who lived there位于n.之后---是定语从句 解析2：people ( __ lived there ) 从句缺主语--且主语指代先行词people,指人--用who引导 the number of a number of the number of“....的数量”，后接名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 a number of“许多”，后接名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 A number of students _________in our class. the number of students in our class __________45. are is ③Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings，90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. 只有；仅仅 = only blow away 吹走 13 Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water，food，and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. 数百万的 而不是 处于震惊中 fall down 倒塌 14 Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. 没有水和食物，电也停了。 句型：主语 + be + adj. + (for sb) + to do sth 该句型中的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词，如easy, difficult, hard, important等。 这本书很难读。 The book is difficult to read. 这些问题很容易解决。 These problems are easy to solve. ④But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150, 000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train，truck，and plane. Slowly，the city began to breathe again. send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事 挖出 成百上千的 成千上万的 16 Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 【句型】主句为_____________________________________________________, and连接两个并列的不定式短语_______________和_____________________。who were trapped是who引导的__________________, 修饰___________。 先行词是those，且指人时，定语从句常用____________引导。 【练习】Those __________ want to travel abroad should apply for a passport first. the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out… to bury the dead 定语从句 those who who 最后一句话旨在引导学生进一步思考人与自然之间的关系，提高学生的自我保护意识。这一部分提示学生凌晨三点这一时间，与后一段进行承接。 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong12 More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. 【词块】more than __________________________ more than + 数词 表示______________ more than +名词 表示______________ more than +adj. 表示_______________ 【练习】（1）她不仅仅是我们的英语老师。 ____________________________________________________ （2）我非常高兴地邀请你参加一个讲座。 _______________________________________________ participate in a lecture. 超过；不仅仅；非常 超过 不仅仅 I am more than happy to invite you to 非常 She is more than our English teacher. 最后一句话旨在引导学生进一步思考人与自然之间的关系，提高学生的自我保护意识。这一部分提示学生凌晨三点这一时间，与后一段进行承接。 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong12 Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 【句型】在survivors whose homes had been destroyed中, whose引导的是________ 从句，修饰先行词_____________. 思考：为什么用whose引导从句？ 解析：survivors (_____) homes had been destroyed ? 定语从句不缺主语/宾语--缺定语，意为“...的”, 从句与先行词是所属关系, 用whose 【练习】 1. The lecture (_______ theme is Reading) will be of great benefit to us. 2. It’s the house ___________ door is painted red. 定语 survivors 先行词 whose 主语 谓语（被动语态不需宾语) whose 最后一句话旨在引导学生进一步思考人与自然之间的关系，提高学生的自我保护意识。这一部分提示学生凌晨三点这一时间，与后一段进行承接。 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong12 ⑤ Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. start to do sth 开始做某事 不懈的努力 ....的家园 在...时期 20 $