上海复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期高三年级英语学科12月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科12月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. took 2. which/that 3. sailing 4. that 5. is still felt 6. as 7. to pick 8. out of 9. helped 10. less damaging Section B 11. I 12. A 13. H 14. D 15. F 16. G 17. B 18. J 19. K 20. E II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C Section B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. B Section C 47. D 48. F 49. A 50. B III. Summary Writing 51. According to a new review, intensive farming is a better solution than wildlife-friendly agriculture, to both feeding the population and protecting biodiversity. But some scientists disagree. Tim thinks intensive farming leads to spill-overs and natural habitat being changed into farmland. Joanna says intensive farming has caused wildlife population to drop so land sharing is better if people change their diets. IV. Translation 52. At that time, he had difficulty finding a job, but he still went to the library to read every day. 53. Innovation makes time-honored brands younger and more suitable for young people’s needs. 54. People’s ideals and pursuits vary greatly, and so does their experience of interest and happiness. 55. Scientists say that this year will be the coolest summer in the next few years, a prediction which I do hope won’t come true. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Editor, I recently read an article in your English newspaper about interpersonal communication in the digital age. The author argued that while social networking sites have expanded people's social circles, they have also made communication between people less meaningful. In my opinion, I partly agree with the author's perspective, but I also think there are certain advantages to online communication. On the one hand, I agree that social networking sites can create a superficial form of communication that lacks depth and intimacy. People may feel more comfortable sharing personal information online, but this can also lead to a lack of emotional connection between individuals. Additionally, online interactions can be easily misinterpreted or misunderstood, leading to conflicts or misunderstandings. On the other hand, I believe that social networking sites have also brought people closer together in certain ways. For example, they allow people to maintain long-distance friendships and relationships more easily, which can be particularly important in today's globalized world. Social media can also provide a platform for people with shared interests or goals to connect and collaborate. Ultimately, I think the key to meaningful communication in the digital age is to use technology as a tool, rather than a replacement for face-to-face interactions. While social networking sites can be a useful way to stay connected with others, it's important to also make time for in-person interactions that allow for deeper conversations and connections. In conclusion, while I partly agree with the author's perspective on the limitations of online communication, I believe that social networking sites can also have certain benefits. It's important for individuals to use technology in a thoughtful and intentional way that enhances, rather than detracts from, their relationships with others. Sincerely, Li Ming 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科12月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Real Cost of Travel Mass tourism is a relatively recent phenomenon. The tourism industry 1          (take) off in the middle of the last century and it's been growing ever since, In the last ten years especially, more and more people have been traveling to places 2          we had previously only read about or seen on television. But what kind of impact does tourism have on the planet? A voyage to the end of the earth? A large cruise ship (邮轮) can carry as many as 6,000 passengers and there are upwards of 50 such ships currently 3          (sail) the seas. Cruise ships dump about 90,000 tons of waste into the oceans every year. Any harmful effects of this are made even worse by the fact 4          cruises tend to visit the same places over and over again, thus concentrating the waste in specific place. Trash on top of the world From remote ocean habitats to the world's highest mountain, our trash is everywhere. Though far fewer people go climbing the Himalayas than on a cruise, their impact 5          (still feel). Tourism is vital to the economy of Nepal, 6          it is to many non-industrial countries. But for decades, climbers have been abandoning their unwanted equipment on Everest. For the last few years, clean-up teams of local and international climbers have been organizing hiking trips just 7          (pick) up the waste. One group has brought over eight tons of waste down from the mountain! When more is not better Tourism of a different kind is causing problems in Europe. Construction on the Mediterranean coast has been 8          ________ control for years. Beach resorts form an almost unbroken line from Gibraltar to Greece, and natural habitats have disappeared under miles of concrete. And so we pollute the sea, the land, and the air. Low-cost air travel is booming, in spite of (or perhaps 9          (help) by) economic problems. For many Europeans, low-cost flights allow them to take several short vacations a year. Yet curiously, short flights actually have a much bigger effect on Climate change than long fights. So, are there 10          (damaging) ways of seeing the world? Traveling by train, for example, is a much greener way of getting around. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. genuine B. hits C. instructions D. opposed E. reports F. republished G. spread H. suggesting I. threat J. typical K. unavailable The last "uncontacted" tribe (部落)? In 2008, in order to draw attention to illegal logging on the Brazil-Peru border, the Brazilian department for indigenous groups affairs (Funai) released photos of an "uncontacted" Amazonian tribe. Funai said that the tribe was under 11          because of the logging. At the time some people asked if the tribe was truly "uncontacted." The NGO Survival International said that they were confident that the photos were 12         . The Survival International spokesman, David Hill, explained that his organization wasn't 13          that the tribe had never had any contact with the outside world, but that they now lived without it. Nevertheless, the Peruvian government suggested that the story was no more than a strategy by groups 14          to development of the area's resources. Fast forward two years, by which time about 50 percent of the Peruvian Amazon had been contracted to oil and gas developers. The photos were 15          to coincide with previously unseen footage of the tribe shown in a BBC documentary. This time, the images were viral. Survival International said the images had 16          across the world within minutes. Their websites had over a million 17          in three days. The images led to a worldwide reaction online. A(n) 18          post asked why nobody had done anything to save these tribes. Three days later, the Peruvian government announced that they would work with the Brazilian authorities to stop illegal logging in the area. The contractors in the area were 19          for comment. But as a Funai spokesperson said later, one image had had more impact than one thousand 20         . II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Economists tend to be big fans of education, which is perhaps not surprising given how much of it they consume and how well their textbooks can do. Alfred Marshall, writing in 1873, hoped that education would help 21          the "distinction between workingmen and gentlemen". Gary Becker of the University of Chicago reimagined education as an 22          in "human capital" that would earn a return in the market. But economists can also be extremely 23          about schooling. The theory of signalling compares many educational certificates to peacock’s tails: costly encumbrances (累赘), 24          only as noticeable proof that their owners are intellectually strong enough to bear them. And in "The Social Limits to Growth", a book published in 1976, Fred Hirsch pointed out that education is often "positional" in nature. What 25          is not only how much you have, but whether you have more than the next person. For many students it is not enough merely to acquire a good education. They must obtain a better education than the people 26          them in the queue for sought-after jobs. Positional goods are, by their nature, in strictly 27          supply. Everyone can in principle live in good neighbourhood, attend a good school, and work in a good job. But logic 28          says that not everyone can enjoy the nicest neighbourhoods, best schools or most decent jobs. An unhappy 29          is that one family's expenses, on schooling raises the bar for everyone else. Families are drawn often unconsciously, into educational arms races. They spend money and time on after school tutoring or extracurricular activities in the expectation that it will improve their child's 30          in the queue for advancement. But they quickly discover that everyone else is doing the same, leaving them in the same position as before. They are in fact worse off, 31          the costs and frustration caused. "If everyone stands on tiptoe, no one sees better." Hirsch noted. And their feet also 32         . The arms race is notably less than 33          in parts of Europe. In Norway and Sweden parents show little demand for tutoring. And overeduation is less common in Germany and other countries that sort children early into academic or vocational schools, with little 34          between the two, according to a study by Valentina Di Stasio of Utrecht University together with Thijs Bol and Herman Vande Werfhorst of the University of Amsterdam. Vocational schools are supposed to teach what employers want employees to know. That may limit the scope for certification inflation (通货膨账). For better or worse, they also remove large numbers of the students from the race for more 35          achievements. 21. A. identify B. increase C. neglect D. erase 22. A. interest B. advantage C. investment D. experiment 23. A. critical B. curious C. realistic D. optimistic 24. A. famous B. useful C. available D. dismissed 25. A. matters B. happens C. follows D. changes 26. A. depending on B. looking after C. turning to D. competing with 27. A. limited B. fixed C. endless D. actual 28. A. unwillingly B. softly C. sadly D. daily 29. A. relationship B. demonstration C. solution D. consequence 30. A. performance B. position C. balance D. efficiency 31. A. because of B. in spite of C. by means of D. in case of 32. A. sank B. hurt C. moved D. crossed 33. A. final B. intense C. open D. adequate 34. A. agreement B. distance C. difference D. mobility 35. A. technical B. cultural C. academic D. vocational Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Adventurer Holly Budge, 29, described the experience as 'amazing, just spectacular' after making a safe landing at 3,900 metres. The Hampshire camerawoman was one of three skydivers in Nepal to make the first plunge from above the world's highest peak. We had one minute of freefall and while we were above the clouds you could see Everest (珠穆朗玛峰) and the other high mountains popping out of the top,' she said. The group of three, described by onlookers as looking "like tiny birds flying in the blue sky', faced sub-zero temperatures and fast-changing weather when they touched down in the foothills of the mountain. The event, organised by British adventure travel company High and Wild, will see up to 30 more skydivers from around the world make the same attempt in the coming days. Each of its clients has paid about £13,500 for the experience. 'It was worth the money - it is something that has never been done before,' said Ms Budge, who has completed 2,500 skydives and who jumped to raise money for charities in Britain and Nepal. Skydiving at altitudes (高度) just higher than the summit of Mount Everest created numerous challenges for the project. Due to the thin air, their parachutes (降落伞) were three times the size of regular ones, and the jumpers used oxygen tanks strapped to their waists. 'The organisers have brought a plane over from Switzerland, and the permits have been very expensive, as has getting everyone to the jump site,' said Budge. The oldest client due to make the jump in the coming days is Alan Walton, a 72-year-old British partner in a bioscience company, organiser Nigel Gifford said. 'Although many are very experienced, others are making their first ever skydive and will be going with experts,' said Gifford, whose company has permission to operate in the area for another 13 days. The 'Everest Skydive' is an event that has been 15 years in the making for Mr Gifford. 'It came about because I have been a Himalayan mountaineer and took up skydiving. I love doing both and I thought it would be good to marry the two,' he said. 36. In Ms Budge's opinion, ________. A. she would've paid more fort the experience B. the jump was vastly overpriced for what it was C. the fee was reasonable for such a once-in-a-lifetime experience D. no one would consider paying thousands of pounds to skydive off Everest 37. According to the writer, Alan Walton ________. A. will not be allowed to jump as he is too old B. is on the list to jump in the next few days C. will probably be ready to skydive in a year's time D. wants to have his name added to the waiting list of skydivers 38. Mr Gifford, the organiser of the event, ________. A. decided that all participants should be experienced in both climbing and skydiving B. has tried both climbing and skydiving but has failed to bring them together C. was not optimistic about the skydive D. has enjoyed bringing the two sports together 39. Looking at the text as a whole, what best describes the overall experience of the skydive? A. The expense of the trip ruined the experience. B. It was a complete success and everybody had a truly memorable experience. C. People generally had a positive experience, though complained of the extreme cold. D. Conditions were a lot worse than expected and people's high expectations were not met. （B） A scientist's guide to Spring Cleaning It depends on how much you care about the effects that cleaning can have. We've done research into this. In one study, people completed tasks in tidy or untidy rooms, then had the option to donate to charity. We found that those in tidy room were more likely to donate. Cleaning seems to make you more likely to act in a way that is more upstanding and consistent with social norms. Can I still get psychological benefits of cleaning if I pay someone else to do it? Absolutely. You don't have to be the person that does all the tidying in order for your behaviour to change. A neat house can have an effect on everyone in the household. My teenage daughter argues that she can't help being messy. Should I let her off tidying her room? Some people are habitually messy, but that's not always a bad thing. In another study, we had our subjects sit in clean or messy rooms while dreaming up new uses for ping pong balls. We found that people from the messy rooms were more creative and innovative with their ideas. Now I have an excuse for the state of my house. But when should I worry that things are too messy? Speaking from a personal perspective, you should start to worry if the mess is preventing you from getting things done in an efficient manner. There's a concept called 'household chaos'. Suppose your two shoes are never in the same place. If you have to run around and find the missing shoe, it could cause problems in your everyday life. That's when things start to get too messy. If you find you've thrown things away that you later realise you need, or if being too tidy gets in the way of enjoying social interactions. I remember going to a colleague's house that was spotless, with white carpets and a white couch, and I found that I just couldn't relax. Try 'cleaning purgatory' Before I throw out anything that I think I may regret, I put in a holding bin. It sits there for a month. If I don't get back to it then it has to go. 40. Some headings are missing in the passage. Match the following headings with the proper paragraphs. Note there is one more than you need. a. How do I know what to get rid of? b. Should I bother with the spring cleaning? c. How do I know I'm too tidy? d. What do you think of being too tidy? A. 1-a 2-c 3-d B. 1-b 2-c 3-d C. 1-b 2-c 3-a D. 1-a 2-d 3-b 41. What effect does cleaning have on people? A. It inspires people's creativity. B. It makes people more generous. C. It costs people too much time. D. It gets people to work less efficiently. 42. What suggestion is given in the passage? A. Don't let the mess take over. B. Associate cleanliness and order with morality. C. Help young children develop a habit of tidiness. D. Better not ask anyone else to do the cleaning for you. （C） Our lives are made up of human-machine interactions - with smartphones, televisions, computers - that have the power to delight and, often, frustrate. Into this area has stepped a new class of professional: the user-experience, or UX, designer, whose job is to see a product not from an engineer's, marketer's, or legal department's perspective but from the viewpoint of the user alone. And to insist that the customer should not have to learn to speak the company's internal language. The company should learn to speak the customer's. According to a recent survey, the role of UX designers has become a fixture on those year-end "hottest job" lists. If you want to study UX, you now have the option at some three dozen institutions in the United States, including Carnegie Mellon and the University of Washington. But Ford is one of the few major industrial companies in the U.S. to put a UX expert, Jim Hackett, in charge. At present, the question facing the car industry is basically whether high-tech giants such as Tesla and Google can learn car-making technology trains faster than Ford, GM, and other carmakers can learn software and algorithms. But Hackett reflects Ford's bet that the winner won't be the best chassis (底盘) maker or software maker, but the company that nails the interaction between man and machine. "One of the things that drew me to Jim was his commitment to design thinking, which puts the human being at the center of the equation," explained Bill Ford, the company's executive chairman. Hackett retired from Steelcase, a furniture maker, in 2014 and in 2016, Bill Ford hired him to run the automaker's Smart Mobility subsidiary, which was tasked with rethinking from the ground up how cars would be driven, powered, and owned, "This is what we call the design gap," said Hackett in an interview, pointing to the space between two lines on a graph he'd drawn on a whiteboard. One line climbs up - this is a company's skill at making things, which goes up over time. Below it is a downward line, representing a company's understanding of the customer's experience. This, he said, can decline over time, as a company loses sight of the problems it's in the business of solving. The design gap may be noticeable when the job is, say, building a marginally better tailgate for the Ford F-150. But it becomes positively yawning when your industry is so thoroughly turned on its head that you're forced to ask some basic questions: Do people want to own their cars or share them? Drive them or have them driven? The flood of new technologies makes everything possible. 43. Which of the following statements best describes a UX designer's responsibility? A. He is devoted to designing innovative products. B. He is devoted to making a product satisfy users' needs. C. He is devoted to improving a company's internal language. D. He is devoted to understanding human-machine interactions. 44. What can be inferred from the passage? A. UX designers are regarded as one of those best-paid jobs. B. High-tech giants have taken the lead in car manufacturing. C. Companies are laying greater emphasis on customers' feelings. D. The UX courses provided by the US institutions are far from enough. 45. Ford hires Jim Hackett because the company believes that________. A. it is currently facing the biggest challenge that needs a new perspective B. Hackett's design thinking is quite different from other UX professionals C. customers' experience plays a decisive role in the car-making competition D. Steelcase gave Hackett enough time and experience to grow up into an expert 46. What is Jim Hackett most likely to agree with? A. For should pay less attention to new technologies. B. Ford has long been ignoring customers' experience. C. Ford is no longer a leading company in auto making skills. D. Ford has made a wrong decision to build a tailgate for the F-150. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Before that time extremely valuable works such as these were sold privately or through dealer. B. But things began to go wrong during the oil crisis and the recession of the 1970s and the company started to get into financial difficulties. C. So how on earth did it all come about? D. The idea of enormously valuable works of art being sold at public auction is something we take for granted. E. It occurred to him that he might find a new way to sell and buy things. F. Buying and selling things at auction was made fashionable by James Christie but John Sotheby was quick to follow his lead. Sotheby's There is little doubt that Sotheby's is the oldest and most famous auction (拍卖) house in the world. It has been going for more than two and a half centuries and has sold many of the most famous and valuable treasures and works of art ever created. Many world argue that the international art market as it exists today was created by Sotheby's. 47          However, it is a relatively new phenomenon. It all began back in 1744 when a book dealer called Samuel Baker opened a small bookstore in the Strand in London. After his death in 1778 the business was taken over by his nephew, John Sotheby. Sotheby bad a great rival, James Christie, who started the Christie's auction house in 1776. 48          In 1793 he auctioned Talleyrand's library and in 1823 he auctioned Napoleon's collection of books. Sotheby's business grew throughout the 19th century but it was only in the middle of the 20th century that Sotheby's began to make a huge impact internationally. In 1958 its chairman, Peter Wilson, organised the first ever public auction of impressionist masterpieces by Cezanne, Renoir and Van Gogh. 49          Wilson turned the whole auction into a fashionable event. He sent invitations to film stars and politicians and held the auction in the evening. Journalists from the leading papers were invited and everyone was asked to wear black tie or evening dress. Not surprisingly, the auction got a huge amount of publicity and the prices set new records. With its growing reputation in London Sotheby's decided to expand into the American market and bought the New York auction house Parke-Bernet. 50          In 1971 they even tried to raise money by launching a Sotheby's brand of cigarette. Eventually, in 1983 Sotheby's was bought by American businessman, Alfred Taubman. Based in Detroit, Taubman transformed Sotheby's into a wholly American company. It was certainly a long way from the little bookshop in the Strand. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Intensive farming protects biodiversity A new review says that, to best conserve global biodiversity while feeding a growing human population, agriculture needs to become more intensive rather than more wildlife friendly. The review, published in the Journal of Zoology, looked at 2,500 species worldwide in a range of agricultural landscapes and finds that most species fare better in 'land sparing' systems where agriculture is high-yield, intensive and restricted to a smaller area, rather than in 'land sharing' systems where the farming itself is more wildlife-friendly but needs more land to produce the same amount of food. The findings challenge the current push for wildlife-friendly agriculture. "We've paid billions for land sharing over the past 30 years in the form of agri-environment schemes," says the review's author Andrew Balmford of the University of Cambridge. "Land sparing as a strategy makes sense from a science-based perspective," says Tim Benton, director of the Environment and Society Programme at Chatham House. However, he says an increase in intensive farming would bring its own problems. "Intensification creates spill-overs due to pollution, climate change and pesticide drift, and the market creates needs to turn natural habitat into revenue-generating agriculture." According to Joanna Lewis, director of policy and strategy at the Soil Association, the world needs less intensive agriculture, not more: "Intensive farming has driven the significant declines of wildlife that we've seen over the last 50 years, so we have to move towards a system where all lands are managed in a way that restores nature. And that, she says, need not come at the expense of biodiversity, "What makes that possible is shifting towards more-sustainable diets - less meat and less food waste." IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 那时候，找工作不太顺利，但他还是每天都去图书馆看书。(difficulty) 53. 创新让老字号更年轻，更贴合年轻人的需求。(suitable) 54. 人们的理想追求差异很大，兴趣、快乐之类的体验也同样如此。(so) 55. 科学家们说，这将是未来若干年最 "凉爽" 的一个夏天，真希望他们的预言是错的。 (which) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近在一份英语报纸上读到一篇关于网络时代人际交往的文章，文章作者认为社交网站虽然拓宽了人们的交友网络，但也使得人和人之间的交流不够深入。写一封邮件给该报纸的"读者来信"专栏，表达你对这一观点的看法，内容须包括: 你是否赞同作者的这一观点； 你的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $