Unit 6 Beyond Earth 阅读表达（热点题型专练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

Unit 6 Beyond Earth 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自然——太空探索） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 China is building a special telescope called Xuntian. Unlike the famous Hubble telescope, Xuntian will not work alone in space. It will fly near China’s space station, so astronauts can repair it and bring it new parts. Xuntian has a huge camera—about 300 times larger than the one on Hubble. It will take photos of billions of stars and galaxies (星系). Scientists will use these photos to study how the universe began and how it is changing. The telescope will be launched (发射) in the next few years. When it starts to work, its pictures will be sent back to Earth every day. Anyone who is interested may be able to see them online. 1．What is the name of the telescope? _______________________________ 2．Where will the telescope fly? _______________________________ 3．How large is its camera? _______________________________ 4．When will the telescope be launched? _______________________________ 5．What do you think of the telescope? (自拟一句作答) _______________________________ Passage 2 Space Stations A space station is a large man-made object circling around Earth. It works as a home and lab for astronauts in space. Inside the station, astronauts can live, sleep, eat and do different scientific experiments. Living on a space station is different from living on Earth. Because of weightlessness, things will float around. Astronauts have to fix their sleeping bags to walls, and they eat special packaged food. Scientists carry out many kinds of research there. They study how space influences living things. They also test new materials that cannot be produced under Earth’s gravity. Astronauts can only stay in space stations for several months each time. Spaceships will send them daily supplies from Earth. When their task finishes, they will return to our planet. Space stations play an important role in space exploration. They prepare humans for future longer‑distance space travel to the Moon or Mars. 1．What is a space station? _______________________________ 2．Why do things float inside the space station? _______________________________ 3．What do astronauts do inside the space station? _______________________________ 4．Where do astronauts get their daily supplies? _______________________________ 5．What is the importance of space stations for space exploration? _______________________________ Passage 3 In June 2026, Chinese astronauts (航天员) on the Tiangong Space Station successfully grew rice seedlings (幼苗) in the space greenhouse. This is the first time China has grown cereal crops from seed to seed in orbit (轨道), marking a major breakthrough in space agriculture. The experiment started in March 2026, when astronaut Chen Dong planted 12 rice seeds in a special nutrient solution. To help the seeds sprout (发芽), the astronauts adjusted (调整) light and CO2 levels in the greenhouse every day. It took only 8 days for the first seedlings to sprout—3 days faster than the same variety grown on Earth. Over the next three months, the astronauts pruned (修剪) the rice plants carefully to control their height, preventing them from blocking the light for other experimental plants. They also collected data on the plants’ growth rate, leaf color, and nutrient absorption. In early June, the rice plants produced mature grains, which were harvested and sealed for return to Earth. Scientists say the experiment will help them develop high-yield, low-light-resistant crops for future space tasks. “If we can grow food in space, astronauts can stay in orbit for longer periods without relying on supplies from Earth, ” said Dr. Li, the lead scientist of the project. The team also hopes to apply the technology to improve crop yields in tough environment on Earth, such as deserts and plateaus. 1．Who carried out the rice growth experiment? _______________________________ 2．How long did it take the first seedlings to sprout in orbit? _______________________________ 3．What did the astronauts adjust daily for the seeds? _______________________________ 4．What can the experiment help scientists develop? _______________________________ 5．How do you feel after learning about the news? _______________________________ Passage 4 China’s Long March-10 carrier rocket (运载火箭), the country’s new-generation manned launch vehicle, has successfully completed the first static (静态) fire test on 15th August, at the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in the southern island province of Hainan. According to the China Manned Space Agency, the test marks a milestone in China’s manned lunar exploration program, following the successful zero-altitude escape flight test of the Mengzhou manned spacecraft and the comprehensive landing and takeoff test of the Lanyue manned lunar lander. During the test, seven engines of the test product of the rocket’s first stage were fired simultaneously, followed by the completion of multiple scheduled (预定的) test procedures (程序). The Long March-10 carrier rocket series is developed to serve (服务) China’s manned lunar exploration missions (任务), including two configurations (构型) — the Long March-10 rocket and Long March-10A rocket. China has now entered the lunar landing phase (阶段) of its manned lunar exploration program, paving (铺平) the way to land astronauts on the moon before 2030. “To achieve this goal, new carrier rockets with high safety, reliability and thrust are required. The Long March-10 series was developed to meet this need,” Xu said. 1．When did the Long March-10 carrier rocket complete its first static fire test? _______________________________ 2．How many configurations do the Long March-10 carrier rocket series include? _______________________________ 3．Why was the Long March-10 series developed? _______________________________ 4．What phase has China entered? _______________________________ 5．What do you think of this test? _______________________________ 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 China is making big steps in manned moon exploration. On August 31, 2025, the office of China’s Manned Space Engineering said the moon landing trip started. All work is moving forward quickly. The trip will use new technology, like advanced transport systems and efficient robots. These robots will do challenging tasks, such as collecting moon rocks and doing research. Scientists say the robots have high quality and can work well in outer space. They won’t replace human pilots, but they will help keep the pilots safe. The trip also has a positive influence on education: many students now show interest in science and want to be researchers or experts in space science. China plans to land Chinese people on the moon by 2030. They will do science checks and test related technologies. When the trip is a success, China will share the valuable information with other countries. This will help build good relationships between countries. Last but not least, the trip will make people feel more confident in our country’s science development. 1．What is China making big steps in? _______________________________ 2．What new technologies will the moon landing trip use? _______________________________ 3．Will the robots replace human pilots? _______________________________ 4．How will China help build good relationships between countries after the trip is a success? _______________________________ 5．What good points does China’s manned moon exploration have? (at least two points.) _______________________________ Passage 2 As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success. Scientists have found out that the radiation is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The harm of the radiation won’t be found until their children or even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really effective medicine has been found so far. Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. It’s reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites,10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish. An explosion (爆炸) in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments (碎片), each at least 4 mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage (损坏). Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working to deal with space rubbish. Although space is really dangerous, ________________. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. Space exploration will bring us more surprises and possibilities. 1．According to Paragraph1, what are spacemen facing while working in space? _______________________________ 2．Where is the radiation in space from? _______________________________ 3．According to the report in Paragraph 3, how many satellites were there in space? _______________________________ 4．Why does the writer use big numbers like “9,000” and “300,000” when talking about space rubbish? _______________________________ 5．What can we write in the blank in Paragraph 4? _______________________________ Passage 3 In May 2026, Chinese astronauts (宇航员) on Tiangong Space Station successfully grew tomato plants in the space greenhouse. This marks another important step for China’s space-plant-growing research. The experiment began in February 2026. Astronauts planted tomato seeds in special nutrient liquid (营养液). To help the seeds grow well, astronauts checked temperature and light conditions inside the greenhouse every single day. The first small shoots came out within 9 days, two days quicker than the same type of tomatoes grown on Earth. During the following months, astronauts carefully looked after these plants. They controlled plant height and collected information about plant growth, leaf condition and nutrient intake. In late May, these tomato plants produced fruits, which were collected and brought back to Earth. Space-research scientists say this experiment helps them develop new types of crops. “If we can grow fresh vegetables in space, astronauts can stay in space for much longer without depending totally on supplies sent from Earth,” said the leading researcher. The team also hopes this technology can help improve crop output in poor-soil areas on Earth. 1．When did the experiment begin? _______________________________ 2．How long did it take the first shoots to come out? _______________________________ 3．What can the experiment help scientists develop? _______________________________ 4．Where do scientists hope to use this technology? _______________________________ 5．What do you think of this technology? _______________________________ Passage 4 Beyond Earth, the moon is an attractive place that many people are interested in. It has been a long-cherished dream for humans to explore the moon and uncover its secrets. In 2020, China’s Chang’e-5 probe completed China’s first lunar sample collection and return mission, bringing back precious lunar soil samples. In 2024, Chang’e-6 made a great success—it completed the world’s first sample collection and return mission from the far side of the moon. In 2026, our country is making steady preparations and plans to launch the Chang’e-7 probe to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there. These great achievements are not accidents, but the results of Chinese scientists’ hard work, careful preparation and unremitting efforts. The precious samples help us know more about the moon’s origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics. The samples from the far side of the moon are unique and have provided new clues for moon research. Chinese scientists keep working hard on space exploration. No matter how difficult the task is, they never give up. They spend a lot of time doing research, solving various problems and trying their best to study the moon, aiming to find out more secrets and promote the development of space science. Exploring space is not an easy job, but it is of great significance. It can help us learn more about the vast universe and make more scientific progress. What’s more, it encourages teenagers to love science, keep curious and pursue their dreams bravely. 1．What does China plan to do with Chang’e-7 in 2026? _______________________________ 2．Why are the lunar samples from Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 important for scientists? _______________________________ 3．What spirit do Chinese scientists show in space exploration? How can students use this spirit in study? _______________________________ 4．What is the main topic of this passage? (no more than 4 words) _______________________________ 5．Do you want to work in the space field in the future? Why or why not? _______________________________ Passage 5 When you look up into the night sky, you can see the moon. But do you know that you’re only seeing one side of the moon? The other side, the unknown face of the moon, has long been a secret to us. But now, we have a chance to see what’s on the far side. On 3 January 2019, China’s Chang’e-4 probe landed on the far side of the moon after a 26-day journey. It is the first probe in history to land there. Chang’e-4 probe has already done a lot of things on the moon. It has sent back plenty of photos of the landing site by camera. Through these photos, the surface of the moon can be clearly seen. “It’s a fine, dirty and sandy environment,” said one of the researchers. One of its tasks is to see whether humans can grow food and other plants there. Chang’e-4 carried a mini-garden with air, water and soil with cotton seeds (棉花种子) in it. Four days after landing, a little cotton had already started growing. This was the first time humans had grown plants on the moon. Night fell on the far side of the moon. Sunlight disappeared. As a result, the little cotton died. Besides the darkness, the plant can’t stand the cold at night. However, this experiment was a success, which proved that it’s possible for plants to grow in space. Through the experiment, scientists will learn more about the moon. Chang’ e-5 probe was launched in 2020. The probe brought lunar samples back to Earth for further study. 1．What is one of Chang’e-4’s tasks? _______________________________ 2．What was in the mini-garden? _______________________________ 3．What was the first plant grown on the moon? _______________________________ 4．Why did the little plant die at night? _______________________________ 5．What might scientists do to help plants survive the cold lunar night? _______________________________ Passage 6 The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes below the surface of Mars. Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet and had the possibility for hosting microbial (微生物的) life. Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it. One popular general idea is solar (太阳的) wind. According to the idea, the solar wind likely blew away CO2 as well as small drops of water from air on Mars over the past billion years, leaving the planet with only 10 percent of its beginning amount of water today. It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry. This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity (反射率), which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface. With temperatures as low as the average on Mars, water is supposed to be frozen. But scientists think that water on Mars is able to keep a water form because of the high level of the salt—so high that the possibility of active life surviving in such a condition is pretty low. With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet. 1．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2? (no more than ten words) . 2．Why is the human’s skin mentioned in paragraph 3?  (no more than ten words) . 3．How did the researchers prove there is water on Mars? (no more than ten words) . 4．What do scientists think of the future living on Mars? (no more than three words) . 5．What could be the best title of the passage?  (no more than ten words) . 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自然——太空探索） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 China is building a special telescope called Xuntian. Unlike the famous Hubble telescope, Xuntian will not work alone in space. It will fly near China’s space station, so astronauts can repair it and bring it new parts. Xuntian has a huge camera—about 300 times larger than the one on Hubble. It will take photos of billions of stars and galaxies (星系). Scientists will use these photos to study how the universe began and how it is changing. The telescope will be launched (发射) in the next few years. When it starts to work, its pictures will be sent back to Earth every day. Anyone who is interested may be able to see them online. 1．What is the name of the telescope? _______________________________ 2．Where will the telescope fly? _______________________________ 3．How large is its camera? _______________________________ 4．When will the telescope be launched? _______________________________ 5．What do you think of the telescope? (自拟一句作答) _______________________________ 【答案】1．Xuntian. 2．Near China’s space station. 3．300 times larger than Hubble’s. 4．In the next few years. 5．It’s amazing. 【导语】本篇主要介绍了中国空间站巡天（Xuntian）空间望远镜的特点、功能与发射计划。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“China is building a special telescope called Xuntian”可知，望远镜的名字叫Xuntian。 2．根据第一段“It will fly near China’s space station”可知，望远镜将在中国空间站附近飞行。 3．根据第二段“Xuntian has a huge camera—about 300 times larger than the one on Hubble. ”可知，Xuntian的相机比哈勃上的大约300倍。 4．根据第三段“The telescope will be launched in the next few years”可知，望远镜将在未来几年发射。 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合短文介绍的巡天望远镜的强大功能，写出简单评价句子即可。 Passage 2 Space Stations A space station is a large man-made object circling around Earth. It works as a home and lab for astronauts in space. Inside the station, astronauts can live, sleep, eat and do different scientific experiments. Living on a space station is different from living on Earth. Because of weightlessness, things will float around. Astronauts have to fix their sleeping bags to walls, and they eat special packaged food. Scientists carry out many kinds of research there. They study how space influences living things. They also test new materials that cannot be produced under Earth’s gravity. Astronauts can only stay in space stations for several months each time. Spaceships will send them daily supplies from Earth. When their task finishes, they will return to our planet. Space stations play an important role in space exploration. They prepare humans for future longer‑distance space travel to the Moon or Mars. 1．What is a space station? _______________________________ 2．Why do things float inside the space station? _______________________________ 3．What do astronauts do inside the space station? _______________________________ 4．Where do astronauts get their daily supplies? _______________________________ 5．What is the importance of space stations for space exploration? _______________________________ 【答案】1．It is a large man‑made object circling around Earth. 2．Because there is weightlessness inside the space station. 3．They live, sleep, eat and do different scientific experiments inside the space station. 4．They get their daily supplies from spaceships sent from Earth. 5．They prepare humans for future longer‑distance space travel to the Moon or Mars. 【导语】本文主要介绍了空间站的定义、太空生活特点、科研任务、物资补给及其在太空探索中的重要意义。 【详解】 1．首段直接给出定义“A space station is a large man-made object circling around Earth.”，因此答案是原文直接提取信息。 2．第二段明确说明“Because of weightlessness, things will float around.”，这是原文给出的原因，直接提取。 3．第一段末尾介绍“Inside the station, astronauts can live, sleep, eat and do different scientific experiments.”，答案直接摘抄原文相关内容。 4．第四段提到“Spaceships will send them daily supplies from Earth.”，答案整合句子，说明物资来源。 5．最后一段写明“Space stations play an important role in space exploration. They prepare humans for future longer-distance space travel to the Moon or Mars.”，答案取自原文，说明空间站的作用。 Passage 3 In June 2026, Chinese astronauts (航天员) on the Tiangong Space Station successfully grew rice seedlings (幼苗) in the space greenhouse. This is the first time China has grown cereal crops from seed to seed in orbit (轨道), marking a major breakthrough in space agriculture. The experiment started in March 2026, when astronaut Chen Dong planted 12 rice seeds in a special nutrient solution. To help the seeds sprout (发芽), the astronauts adjusted (调整) light and CO2 levels in the greenhouse every day. It took only 8 days for the first seedlings to sprout—3 days faster than the same variety grown on Earth. Over the next three months, the astronauts pruned (修剪) the rice plants carefully to control their height, preventing them from blocking the light for other experimental plants. They also collected data on the plants’ growth rate, leaf color, and nutrient absorption. In early June, the rice plants produced mature grains, which were harvested and sealed for return to Earth. Scientists say the experiment will help them develop high-yield, low-light-resistant crops for future space tasks. “If we can grow food in space, astronauts can stay in orbit for longer periods without relying on supplies from Earth, ” said Dr. Li, the lead scientist of the project. The team also hopes to apply the technology to improve crop yields in tough environment on Earth, such as deserts and plateaus. 1．Who carried out the rice growth experiment? _______________________________ 2．How long did it take the first seedlings to sprout in orbit? _______________________________ 3．What did the astronauts adjust daily for the seeds? _______________________________ 4．What can the experiment help scientists develop? _______________________________ 5．How do you feel after learning about the news? _______________________________ 【答案】1．Chinese astronauts. 2．8 days. 3．Light and CO2 levels. 4．High-yield, low-light-resistant crops. 5．Proud. /…（言之有理即可） 【导语】本文主要讲述了2026年6月中国空间站的航天员完成在轨水稻全生命周期种植实验的过程、技术突破，以及该实验对未来太空农业和地球农业发展的重要意义。 【详解】 1．文章首段直接点明执行该水稻种植实验的主体是“Chinese astronauts on the Tiangong Space Station”，答案提取核心信息，符合5词以内的要求。 2．第二段明确给出“ It took only 8 days for the first seedlings to sprout”，这是原文直接给出的具体时长信息，直接提取即可。 3．第二段提到“the astronauts adjusted light and CO2 levels in the greenhouse every day”，是航天员每日为帮助种子发芽所做的操作，直接对应题干问题。 4．第四段开头直接说明“the experiment will help them develop high-yield, low-light-resistant crops for future space tasks”，答案完全来自原文引述内容。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合中国航天取得重大突破的背景，写出符合个人真实感受的简短表达即可，言之有理均符合要求。 Passage 4 China’s Long March-10 carrier rocket (运载火箭), the country’s new-generation manned launch vehicle, has successfully completed the first static (静态) fire test on 15th August, at the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in the southern island province of Hainan. According to the China Manned Space Agency, the test marks a milestone in China’s manned lunar exploration program, following the successful zero-altitude escape flight test of the Mengzhou manned spacecraft and the comprehensive landing and takeoff test of the Lanyue manned lunar lander. During the test, seven engines of the test product of the rocket’s first stage were fired simultaneously, followed by the completion of multiple scheduled (预定的) test procedures (程序). The Long March-10 carrier rocket series is developed to serve (服务) China’s manned lunar exploration missions (任务), including two configurations (构型) — the Long March-10 rocket and Long March-10A rocket. China has now entered the lunar landing phase (阶段) of its manned lunar exploration program, paving (铺平) the way to land astronauts on the moon before 2030. “To achieve this goal, new carrier rockets with high safety, reliability and thrust are required. The Long March-10 series was developed to meet this need,” Xu said. 1．When did the Long March-10 carrier rocket complete its first static fire test? _______________________________ 2．How many configurations do the Long March-10 carrier rocket series include? _______________________________ 3．Why was the Long March-10 series developed? _______________________________ 4．What phase has China entered? _______________________________ 5．What do you think of this test? _______________________________ 【答案】1．On 15th August. 2．Two. 3．To meet the need for manned lunar exploration. 4． The lunar landing phase. 1．It is meaningful. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国长征十号运载火箭成功完成首次静态点火试验的情况，以及该试验在中国载人登月计划中的重要意义。 【详解】 1．第一段“China’s Long March-10 carrier rocket…has successfully completed the first static fire test on 15th August”直接说明长征十号运载火箭在8月15日完成首次静态点火测试。 2．第四段“The Long March-10 carrier rocket series…including two configurations — the Long March-10 rocket and Long March-10A rocket.”直接表明长征十号火箭系列包含两种构型。 3．第六段“The Long March-10 series was developed to meet this need”以及前文提到的载人登月目标可推知研发该系列火箭的目的是：满足载人月球探测的需求。 4．第五段“China has now entered the lunar landing phase (阶段) of its manned lunar exploration program”表明中国现已进入登月阶段。 5．本题为开放性试题，结合文章第二段”the test marks a milestone”可表达对此次试验的积极评价，答案不唯一，合理即可。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 China is making big steps in manned moon exploration. On August 31, 2025, the office of China’s Manned Space Engineering said the moon landing trip started. All work is moving forward quickly. The trip will use new technology, like advanced transport systems and efficient robots. These robots will do challenging tasks, such as collecting moon rocks and doing research. Scientists say the robots have high quality and can work well in outer space. They won’t replace human pilots, but they will help keep the pilots safe. The trip also has a positive influence on education: many students now show interest in science and want to be researchers or experts in space science. China plans to land Chinese people on the moon by 2030. They will do science checks and test related technologies. When the trip is a success, China will share the valuable information with other countries. This will help build good relationships between countries. Last but not least, the trip will make people feel more confident in our country’s science development. 1．What is China making big steps in? _______________________________ 2．What new technologies will the moon landing trip use? _______________________________ 3．Will the robots replace human pilots? _______________________________ 4．How will China help build good relationships between countries after the trip is a success? _______________________________ 5．What good points does China’s manned moon exploration have? (at least two points.) _______________________________ 【答案】1．China is making big steps in manned moon exploration. 2．Advanced transport systems and efficient robots. 3．No, they won’t. 4．China will share the valuable information with other countries. 5．(1) It helps keep pilots safe. (2) It encourages students to be interested in science. (3) It helps build good relationships between countries. (4) It makes people feel more confident in our country’s science development. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国载人探月工程的进展、所用新技术以及这项工程带来的多重意义。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“China is making big steps in manned moon exploration.”可知，中国在载人探月方面取得重大进展。 2．根据第二段“The trip will use new technology, like advanced transport systems and efficient robots.”可知登月任务使用的新技术，例如先进的运载系统和高效机器人。 3．根据第三段“They won’t replace human pilots, but they will help keep the pilots safe.”可知，机器人不会取代人类飞行员。 4．根据第四段“When the trip is a success, China will share the valuable information with other countries. This will help build good relationships between countries.”可知，中国将和其他国家分享珍贵的信息。 5．开放性回答。参考答案为：(1) It helps keep pilots safe. (2) It encourages students to be interested in science. (3) It helps build good relationships between countries. (4) It makes people feel more confident in our country’s science development. (答案不唯一，合理即可) Passage 2 As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success. Scientists have found out that the radiation is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The harm of the radiation won’t be found until their children or even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really effective medicine has been found so far. Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. It’s reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites,10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish. An explosion (爆炸) in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments (碎片), each at least 4 mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage (损坏). Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working to deal with space rubbish. Although space is really dangerous, ________________. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. Space exploration will bring us more surprises and possibilities. 1．According to Paragraph1, what are spacemen facing while working in space? _______________________________ 2．Where is the radiation in space from? _______________________________ 3．According to the report in Paragraph 3, how many satellites were there in space? _______________________________ 4．Why does the writer use big numbers like “9,000” and “300,000” when talking about space rubbish? _______________________________ 5．What can we write in the blank in Paragraph 4? _______________________________ 【答案】1．Danger as well as success. 2．It is from the sun and other stars. 3．There were about 2,700 satellites. 4．To emphasize the seriousness of space rubbish. 5．We should be brave enough to face the challenges. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了随着太空科学的发展，宇航员在太空中面临的两大主要危险：辐射和太空垃圾。文章详细阐述了辐射对健康的长期危害以及太空垃圾的数量和潜在威胁，同时也表达了科学家正在努力解决这些问题，并对未来太空探索的美好前景充满希望。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.”可知，宇航员在太空工作时既面临危险也面临成功。因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．根据第二段“When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars...”可知，辐射来自太阳和其他恒星。因此答案是原文直接信息。 3．根据第三段“It’s reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites...”可知，总数是9000，其中30%是卫星。计算得出答案即可。 4．作者列举这些具体的大数字，列数字的说明方法，是为了直观、准确地说明太空中人造物体和碎片数量之多，从而强调太空垃圾问题的严重性。 5．根据上文“Although space is really dangerous,”以及下文“In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel.”可知，此处应该填入一个表示转折的句子，表达人类不会停止探索或人类有勇气面对挑战的意思。答案合理即可。 Passage 3 In May 2026, Chinese astronauts (宇航员) on Tiangong Space Station successfully grew tomato plants in the space greenhouse. This marks another important step for China’s space-plant-growing research. The experiment began in February 2026. Astronauts planted tomato seeds in special nutrient liquid (营养液). To help the seeds grow well, astronauts checked temperature and light conditions inside the greenhouse every single day. The first small shoots came out within 9 days, two days quicker than the same type of tomatoes grown on Earth. During the following months, astronauts carefully looked after these plants. They controlled plant height and collected information about plant growth, leaf condition and nutrient intake. In late May, these tomato plants produced fruits, which were collected and brought back to Earth. Space-research scientists say this experiment helps them develop new types of crops. “If we can grow fresh vegetables in space, astronauts can stay in space for much longer without depending totally on supplies sent from Earth,” said the leading researcher. The team also hopes this technology can help improve crop output in poor-soil areas on Earth. 1．When did the experiment begin? _______________________________ 2．How long did it take the first shoots to come out? _______________________________ 3．What can the experiment help scientists develop? _______________________________ 4．Where do scientists hope to use this technology? _______________________________ 5．What do you think of this technology? _______________________________ 【答案】1．In February 2. 3．Within 9 days 4．New types of crops. 5．In poor-soil areas. 6．Very useful. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了2026年中国航天员在天宫空间站成功种植番茄的实验。 【详解】 1．根据第二段“The experiment began in February 2026.”可知，该实验于2026年2月启动。 2．根据第二段“The first small shoots came out within 9 days...”可知，第一批嫩芽9天后破土而出。 3．根据第四段“Space-research scientists say this experiment helps them develop new types of crops.”可知，这项实验有助于培育新型农作物。 4．根据第四段“The team also hopes this technology can help improve crop output in poor-soil areas on Earth.”可知，科学家希望将技术应用于土壤贫瘠的地区。 5．通读全文可知，本文介绍了2026年中国航天员在天宫空间站成功种植番茄的实验，结合第四段“If we can grow fresh vegetables in space, astronauts can stay in space for much longer without depending totally on supplies sent from Earth,”可知，这项技术很实用，故填Very useful.（本题为开放性试题，言之成理即可） Passage 4 Beyond Earth, the moon is an attractive place that many people are interested in. It has been a long-cherished dream for humans to explore the moon and uncover its secrets. In 2020, China’s Chang’e-5 probe completed China’s first lunar sample collection and return mission, bringing back precious lunar soil samples. In 2024, Chang’e-6 made a great success—it completed the world’s first sample collection and return mission from the far side of the moon. In 2026, our country is making steady preparations and plans to launch the Chang’e-7 probe to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there. These great achievements are not accidents, but the results of Chinese scientists’ hard work, careful preparation and unremitting efforts. The precious samples help us know more about the moon’s origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics. The samples from the far side of the moon are unique and have provided new clues for moon research. Chinese scientists keep working hard on space exploration. No matter how difficult the task is, they never give up. They spend a lot of time doing research, solving various problems and trying their best to study the moon, aiming to find out more secrets and promote the development of space science. Exploring space is not an easy job, but it is of great significance. It can help us learn more about the vast universe and make more scientific progress. What’s more, it encourages teenagers to love science, keep curious and pursue their dreams bravely. 1．What does China plan to do with Chang’e-7 in 2026? _______________________________ 2．Why are the lunar samples from Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 important for scientists? _______________________________ 3．What spirit do Chinese scientists show in space exploration? How can students use this spirit in study? _______________________________ 4．What is the main topic of this passage? (no more than 4 words) _______________________________ 5．Do you want to work in the space field in the future? Why or why not? _______________________________ 【答案】1．Launch Chang’e-7 to explore the moon’s south pole and look for water or ice. 2．Because they help scientists learn about the moon’s origin, changes and geology; the far-side samples give new research clues. 3．They show hard work, patience and never giving up. Students can use it by keeping trying when study is difficult, solving problems step by step, and not giving up after failures. 4．China’s moon exploration. 5．Yes. Because space science is meaningful and I want to help humans understand the universe./No. Because it is too hard, but I still respect space scientists. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国在月球探索方面取得的成就（嫦娥五号、六号及七号计划），科学家们的努力精神以及太空探索的重要意义。 【详解】 1．文章第1段“In 2026, our country is making steady preparations and plans to launch the Chang’e-7 probe to explore the south pole of the moon and look for water or ice there.”表明2026年中国计划用嫦娥七号探索月球南极，寻找水或者冰。 2．文章第2段“The precious samples help us know more about the moon’s origin, its changes over time and its geological characteristics. The samples from the far side of the moon are unique and have provided new clues for moon research.”表明月样能够帮助科学家更多了解月球起源、演变和地质特征，还能为月球研究提供新线索。 3．文章第3段“No matter how difficult the task is, they never give up. They spend a lot of time doing research, solving various problems and trying their best to study the moon”表明中国科学家展现出努力奋斗、永不放弃的精神。学生在学习中遇到困难也要坚持努力，不轻言放弃。 4．通读全文可知，文章主要围绕中国探索月球的任务和意义展开。 5．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合自身实际情况，合理作答即可。 Passage 5 When you look up into the night sky, you can see the moon. But do you know that you’re only seeing one side of the moon? The other side, the unknown face of the moon, has long been a secret to us. But now, we have a chance to see what’s on the far side. On 3 January 2019, China’s Chang’e-4 probe landed on the far side of the moon after a 26-day journey. It is the first probe in history to land there. Chang’e-4 probe has already done a lot of things on the moon. It has sent back plenty of photos of the landing site by camera. Through these photos, the surface of the moon can be clearly seen. “It’s a fine, dirty and sandy environment,” said one of the researchers. One of its tasks is to see whether humans can grow food and other plants there. Chang’e-4 carried a mini-garden with air, water and soil with cotton seeds (棉花种子) in it. Four days after landing, a little cotton had already started growing. This was the first time humans had grown plants on the moon. Night fell on the far side of the moon. Sunlight disappeared. As a result, the little cotton died. Besides the darkness, the plant can’t stand the cold at night. However, this experiment was a success, which proved that it’s possible for plants to grow in space. Through the experiment, scientists will learn more about the moon. Chang’ e-5 probe was launched in 2020. The probe brought lunar samples back to Earth for further study. 1．What is one of Chang’e-4’s tasks? _______________________________ 2．What was in the mini-garden? _______________________________ 3．What was the first plant grown on the moon? _______________________________ 4．Why did the little plant die at night? _______________________________ 5．What might scientists do to help plants survive the cold lunar night? _______________________________ 【答案】1．To see whether humans can grow food and other plants there. 2．Air, water and soil with cotton seeds. 3．Cotton. 4．Because of the darkness and the cold. 5．Develop heating systems or grow plants only in lunar daytime. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆并开展科学实验的过程：它拍摄月背照片、携带装有空气、水、土壤和棉花种子的微型花园，首次在月球上种出棉花，虽因夜间黑暗与严寒而枯死，但实验证明了植物可以在太空生长，为后续研究积累了经验。 【详解】 1．根据文章第3段“One of its tasks is to see whether humans can grow food and other plants there.”可知，嫦娥四号的任务之一是测试能否在月球种植植物。 2．根据文章第3段“Chang’e-4 carried a mini-garden with air, water and soil with cotton seeds in it.”可知，迷你花园里含有空气、水、土壤和棉花种子。 3．根据文章第3段“Four days after landing, a little cotton had already started growing. This was the first time humans had grown plants on the moon.”可知，月球上种植的第一种植物是棉花。 4．根据文章第4段“Besides the darkness, the plant can’t stand the cold at night.”可知，植物死亡是因为黑暗和寒冷。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。第四段提到棉花植株无法忍受夜间严寒，第五段说明嫦娥五号已带回月壤供进一步研究，由此可推测科学家会设法为植物保温、培育更耐寒的品种等。 Passage 6 The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes below the surface of Mars. Billions of years ago, the climate of Mars was warm and wet and had the possibility for hosting microbial (微生物的) life. Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it. One popular general idea is solar (太阳的) wind. According to the idea, the solar wind likely blew away CO2 as well as small drops of water from air on Mars over the past billion years, leaving the planet with only 10 percent of its beginning amount of water today. It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry. This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity (反射率), which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface. With temperatures as low as the average on Mars, water is supposed to be frozen. But scientists think that water on Mars is able to keep a water form because of the high level of the salt—so high that the possibility of active life surviving in such a condition is pretty low. With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on. But scientists are still trying to learn more about the life forms that once possibly lived on the planet. 1．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2? (no more than ten words) . 2．Why is the human’s skin mentioned in paragraph 3?  (no more than ten words) . 3．How did the researchers prove there is water on Mars? (no more than ten words) . 4．What do scientists think of the future living on Mars? (no more than three words) . 5．What could be the best title of the passage?  (no more than ten words) . 【答案】1．Mars. 2．To explain the great influence of solar wind. 3．By detecting high reflectivity of radio waves. 4．Not fit. 5．The Discovery of Saltwater Lakes on Mars 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了火星地下咸水湖的发现、火星水分流失的原因推测、探测方法以及科学家对未来火星居住可能性的探索。 【详解】 1．根据文章第2段“Scientists are not 100 percent sure what happened to water on it.”及前文提及火星气候，可推知it指代火星。 2．文章第3段“It is just like when we get our skin wet and there are small drops of water on the surface, the wind will finally dry us off, and the water will be carried away. This is very likely to happen to Mars, causing the surface to become hard and dry.”解释了该段中提到人类的皮肤的目的，是为了解释太阳风的影响。 3．根据文章第4段“This discovery was made with the help of the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spaceship, which sent out radio waves to the planet’s surface. Scientists decided what material their radio waves met with. The area with the supposed bodies of water had high reflectivity, which is why scientists believe that water is stored below the surface.”可知，科学家通过检测无线电波反射证明有水。 4．文章第6 段内容“With the salty water and an unsuitable climate, Mars is now not fit to live on.”明确指出现在不适合居住，这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 5．通读全文，根据文章第1段“The possibility of living on Mars is being explored after a study proved the discovery of saltwater lakes”可知，文章主要围绕咸水湖发现展开。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自然——太空探索） 参考答案 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1. Xuntian. 2. Near China’s space station. 3. 300 times larger than Hubble’s. 4. In the next few years. 5. It’s amazing.（答案不唯一） Passage 2 1. It is a large manmade object circling around Earth. 2. Because there is weightlessness inside the space station. 3. They live, sleep, eat and do different scientific experiments inside the space station. 4. They get their daily supplies from spaceships sent from Earth. 5. They prepare humans for future longerdistance space travel to the Moon or Mars. Passage 3 1. Chinese astronauts. 2. 8 days. 3. Light and CO₂ levels. 4. Highyield, lowlightresistant crops. 5. Proud.（言之有理即可） Passage 4 1. On 15th August. 2. Two. 3. To meet the need for manned lunar exploration. 4. The lunar landing phase. 5. It is meaningful.（答案不唯一） 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1. China is making big steps in manned moon exploration. 2. Advanced transport systems and efficient robots. 3. No, they won’t. 4. China will share the valuable information with other countries. 5. (1) It helps keep pilots safe. (2) It encourages students to be interested in science. (3) It helps build good relationships between countries. (4) It makes people feel more confident in our country’s science development.（答出至少两点，答案不唯一） Passage 2 1. Danger as well as success. 2. It is from the sun and other stars. 3. There were about 2,700 satellites. 4. To emphasize the seriousness of space rubbish. 5. We should be brave enough to face the challenges.（答案合理即可） Passage 3 1. In February 2026. 2. Within 9 days. 3. New types of crops. 4. In poorsoil areas on Earth. 5. Very useful.（言之有理即可） Passage 4 1. Launch Chang’e7 to explore the moon’s south pole and look for water or ice. 2. Because they help scientists learn about the moon’s origin, changes and geology; the farside samples give new research clues. 3. They show hard work, patience and never giving up. Students can use it by keeping trying when study is difficult, solving problems step by step, and not giving up after failures.（合理即可） 4. China’s moon exploration. 5. Yes. Because space science is meaningful and I want to help humans understand the universe./No. Because it is too hard, but I still respect space scientists.（答案不唯一） Passage 5 1. To see whether humans can grow food and other plants there. 2. Air, water and soil with cotton seeds. 3. Cotton. 4. Because of the darkness and the cold. 5. Develop heating systems or grow plants only in lunar daytime.（合理即可） Passage 6 1. Mars. 2. To explain the great influence of solar wind. 3. By detecting high reflectivity of radio waves. 4. Not fit. 5. The Discovery of Saltwater Lakes on Mars 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $