Unit1-5 期中复习提纲专项训练 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

八年级上册英语期中复习提纲 人教版（PEP）新教材　Unit 1 – Unit 5 Part 1　Units 1–3 回顾：Happy Holiday ｜ Home Sweet Home ｜ Same or Different? Part 2　Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals　|　Part 3　Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 【编写说明】Part 1 为 Units 1–3 快速回顾：三单元已在月考中复习过一轮，这里只作知识梳理的合并与跨单元综合过关；Part 2、Part 3 为 Unit 4、Unit 5 的完整梳理与过关。 Part 1　Units 1–3 回顾 复习范围：Unit 1 Happy Holiday ｜ Unit 2 Home Sweet Home ｜ Unit 3 Same or Different? 一、三单元知识速查 （一）Unit 1 Happy Holiday 重点词块 假期活动 词块 释义 go on vacation 去度假 go to a summer camp 去夏令营 visit ancient buildings 参观古建筑 go to the countryside 去乡下 stay in a comfortable hotel 住在舒适的旅馆里 take a train to a small town 乘火车去一个小镇 see the beautiful landscape 欣赏美丽的风景 work as a tour guide 当导游 buy a silk scarf 买一条丝巾 go somewhere interesting 去有趣的地方 旅行见闻 词块 释义 take my breath away 令我惊叹 strange rocks 奇石 a beautiful double rainbow 一道美丽的双彩虹 fantastic buildings 极好的建筑 beautiful metro stations 漂亮的地铁站 walk inside a palace 像走在宫殿里一样 go to a famous square 去一个著名的广场 especially the steamed chicken soup 尤其是汽锅鸡 feel bored in the hotel 在旅馆里感到无聊 look towards the window 朝窗户望去 get together to sing and dance 聚在一起唱歌跳舞 play games with some students 和一些学生做游戏 感受与收获 词块 释义 a relaxing holiday 轻松的假期 forget one's worries 忘掉烦恼 be ready to do sth 准备好做某事 get a little forgetful 变得有点健忘 go over budget 超预算 remind me to take my passport 提醒我带护照 turn around 转身 be surprised to see a deer 惊讶地看到一只鹿 a comfortable house 舒适的房子 feel sick 感到不舒服 at peace 处于平静之中 look for food 寻找食物 （二）Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点词块 家务劳动 词块 释义 clean the bathroom 打扫浴室 clean the bedroom 打扫卧室 pack up one's things 把东西打包 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 hang up photos 把照片挂起来 clean up the house 打扫房子 sweep the floor 扫地 feed the fish 喂鱼 迎接客人 词块 释义 prepare for their arrival 为他们的到来做准备 invite friends to the new house 邀请朋友来新家 give sb a lift 开车顺便送某人 add things to their room 给他们的房间添置东西 make sb feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归 borrow a chess set 借一副国际象棋 plan a treasure hunt 策划一场寻宝游戏 make some biscuits 做些饼干 give sb a hand 帮某人一把 welcome you to our community 欢迎你来到我们的社区 feel free to ask 尽管问 回家与团圆 词块 释义 a long train journey 漫长的火车旅程 pull the heavy luggage into the house 把沉重的行李拉进屋 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 set the table 摆餐具 the familiar taste of home 熟悉的家的味道 tell us some jokes 给我们讲几个笑话 have a good laugh 开怀大笑 nod with tears in her eyes 眼含泪水点了点头 a plate of freshly-made biscuits 一盘刚烤好的饼干 several days later 几天以后 smell terrible 闻起来很难闻 装饰与布置 词块 释义 decorate the room 装饰房间 share a room with my brother 和我弟弟合住一个房间 cover the animals on the wall 盖住墙上的动物图案 paint the walls light green 把墙刷成浅绿色 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 buy some glue 买些胶水 make paper-cuts 剪剪纸 （三）Unit 3 Same or Different? 重点词块 外貌与性格 词块 释义 be tall and slim 又高又苗条 a serious person 严肃的人 be outgoing 外向的 be shy 害羞的 be hard-working 勤奋的 be lazy 懒惰的 have a great sense of humour 很有幽默感 be direct and honest 坦率而诚实的 比较与描述 词块 释义 compare A with B 把 A 和 B 作比较 be taller than sb 比某人高 dance better than sb 舞跳得比某人好 work as hard as sb 和某人一样努力 be more outgoing than sb 比某人更外向 be less straightforward than sb 不如某人直率 have sth in common 有共同之处 find the similarity between A and B 找出 A 和 B 的相似之处 the difference between A and B A 和 B 之间的差异 in appearance and personality 在外表和性格方面 the population of a city 一座城市的人口 the average rainfall 平均降雨量 congratulations on winning the prize 祝贺获奖 in one's spare time 在某人的空闲时间 朋友与友谊 词块 释义 be like a mirror 就像一面镜子 have similar interests 有相似的兴趣 try harder when I practise 练习时更努力 share interesting books with each other 互相分享有趣的书 respect each other's differences 尊重彼此的差异 learn from each other 互相学习 give one's opinion 提出某人的看法 make a mistake 犯错误 a true friend reaches for your hand 真正的朋友向你伸出援手 touch your heart 触动你的心 lend a hand 帮忙 care about me 关心我 see the silver lining 看到一线光明 （四）熟词生义（三单元） 词 常见义 单元新义 / 新用法 guide v. 指引；给某人领路 n. 导游；指南（work as a tour guide） square n. 正方形 n. 广场（a famous square） plan n. 计划；方案 v. 策划；打算（plan a treasure hunt） smell n. 气味 v. 闻起来（smell terrible） text n. 文本；课文 v. （用手机）发短信（text me） note n. 笔记；便条 v. 注意；指出（note the difference） touch v. 触摸；碰 v. 触动；打动（touch your heart） character n. 角色；人物 n. 性格；品质（a strong character） （五）重点词汇（教材课标重点词） Unit 1 词 释义 词 释义 ancient 古代的；古老的 breath 呼吸；气息 comfortable 舒适的 countryside 乡下；农村 forgetful 健忘的 guide 导游；指南 landscape 风景；景色 passport 护照 rainbow 彩虹 remind 提醒；使想起 scarf 围巾；头巾 sick 生病的；不舒服的 silk 丝绸 square 广场；正方形 strange 奇怪的；陌生的 vacation 假期 Unit 2 词 释义 词 释义 arrival 到来；到达 borrow 借入；借用 biscuit 饼干 community 社区 cover 覆盖；遮盖 familiar 熟悉的 glue 胶水 invite 邀请 journey 旅程；行程 lift 搭便车；电梯 note 笔记；便条 pack 打包；收拾 plate 盘子；碟子 rubbish 垃圾；废弃物 treasure 宝藏；珍宝 writer 作者；作家 Unit 3 词 释义 词 释义 appearance 外表；出现 average 平均的；平均数 compare 比较；对比 congratulation 祝贺 difference 差异；不同 direct 直率的；指导 friendship 友谊 honest 诚实的 humour 幽默 interest 兴趣；使感兴趣 mirror 镜子 opinion 看法；意见 outgoing 外向的 personality 性格；个性 population 人口 spare 空闲的；抽出 （六）词形变化归纳 词形变化 释义 词形变化 释义 forget → forgetful 忘记 → 健忘的 comfort → comfortable 舒适 → 舒适的 surprise → surprised 使惊讶 → 感到惊讶的 relax → relaxing 放松 → 令人放松的 bore → bored 使厌烦 → 感到厌烦的 peace → peaceful 和平 → 平静的 easy → easily 容易的 → 容易地 regular → regularly 有规律的 → 有规律地 strange → stranger 陌生的 → 陌生人 excite → excited 使兴奋 → 感到兴奋的 invite → invitation 邀请 → 邀请（名词） arrive → arrival 到达 → 到达（名词） decorate → decoration 装饰 → 装饰（名词） describe → description 描述 → 描述（名词） write → writer 写 → 作者 care → carefully 关心 → 仔细地 joy → joyful 喜悦 → 快乐的 fresh → freshly 新鲜的 → 刚刚 smell → smelly 气味 → 有臭味的 hunt → hunter 搜寻 → 猎人 pack → package 打包 → 包裹 differ → difference 不同于 → 差异 similar → similarity 相似的 → 相似之处 friend → friendship 朋友 → 友谊 honest → honesty 诚实的 → 诚实 humour → humorous 幽默 → 幽默的 please → pleasant 使高兴 → 宜人的 serious → seriously 严肃的 → 严肃地 perform → performance 表演 → 表演（名词） appear → appearance 出现 → 外表 person → personality 人 → 性格 compare → comparison 比较 → 比较（名词） 二、三单元语法复习 （一）语法总览 语法项目 结构 关键提示 典型例句 不定代词（U1） some- / any- / no- / every- + thing / one / body / where 形容词必须后置；作主语时谓语用单数 Did you do anything special? / Everyone was excited. 一般过去时（U1） 主语 + 动词过去式；didn't / Did + 动词原形 与 yesterday, last week, ... ago, that day 连用 I didn't go anywhere special. / Where did you go? can / could 表请求（U2） Could / Can you please + 动词原形? could 只表语气委婉，不表过去 Could you please sweep the floor? can / could 表许可（U2） Could / Can I + 动词原形? 答语一律用 can，不用 could — Could I go out? — Yes, you can. 比较级（U3） -er / more + adj. + than than 前后比较对象要一致 Emma is taller than Ella. as ... as（U3） as + 原级 + as / not as ... as as ... as 中间只能用原级 I work as hard as her. （二）易错提醒（三单元汇总） 1. didn't / Did 后面接动词原形：× I didn't went there. √ I didn't go there. 2. 形容词修饰不定代词时要后置：× I met interesting someone. √ I met someone interesting. 3. 陈述句变疑问句时 some- 类通常改 any- 类：He bought something. → Did he buy anything? 但是，如果说话人期望获得肯定的回答，则用 some：Would you like something to eat? 4. Could you please 后直接接动词原形，不加 to，否定句中也是如此：× Could you please not to park your car here? √ Could you please not park your car here? 5. 回答 Could I ...? 用 can：× Yes, you could. √ Yes, you can。（could 在疑问句中是一种礼貌的说法，回答的时候就不需要用 could 来表达礼貌了。） 6. 比较级前的修饰词用 much / a little / even，不用 more：× more taller √ much taller。 7. as ... as 中间用原级：× as taller as √ as tall as。 8. 同一范围内比较，用 any other + 单数名词 把自己排除：He is taller than any other boy in his class. 三、三单元高频句型 （一）教材核心句（Grammar Focus 原句） Unit 1 不定代词与一般过去时 1. — Where did you go on holiday? — I didn't go anywhere special, but I tried something new. 2. — Did you do anything interesting on your holiday? — No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting. 3. — Did you go anywhere interesting? — Yes, I went to Yunnan. 4. — Did you eat anything special? — Yes, we did! Everything tasted good. 5. Everyone was excited, and nobody wanted to go home. Unit 2 can / could 表请求与许可 1. — Could you please sweep the floor? — OK, Mum. I'll do it at once. 2. — Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? — Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. 3. — Can I put some flowers on the table? — Yes, good idea! 4. — Can you help me hang up the photos? — Sure. / No problem! 5. — Dad, could you please give me a lift to the shop this afternoon? — Sorry, but I have to work from home all day. Unit 3 比较级与 as ... as 1. There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year. 2. Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella's. 3. Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her. 4. Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her! 5. I think a good friend is like a mirror. 6. He is as serious as me. （二）功能句型表（情景交际 / 看图写句常考） 功能 句型 询问假期 How was your holiday? / Where did you go on holiday? 询问经历 Did you do anything special? / Did you go anywhere interesting? 描述经历 I went to ... with my family. / We stayed there for a few days. 表达感受 It was fantastic / relaxing / wonderful. / It took my breath away. 礼貌请求 Could you please ...? / Can you ...? 请求许可 Could I ...? / Can I ...? 肯定应答 Sure. / No problem. / Of course. / With pleasure. 委婉拒绝 Sorry, but I have to ... / I'm afraid you can't. 主动帮忙 Can I help you? / Let me give you a hand. 询问异同 How are you different from each other? / What do you have in common? 进行比较 A is + 比较级 + than B. / A is as + 原级 + as B. 表达观点 I think a good friend is like a mirror. / I don't really care if ... 四、跨单元综合过关练 I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The __________ (hunt) waited quietly by the river for hours without moving. 【答案】hunter　【解析】表示“打猎的人”用 hunter。 2. My sister has a warm __________ (person), so she makes friends easily. 【答案】personality　【解析】表示“性格”用 personality。 3. The __________ (describe) of the old town in her diary made me want to visit it. 【答案】description　【解析】a short description of ... 意为“对……的描述”，用名词形式。 4. In __________ (compare) with last year, our city is much greener now. 【答案】comparison　【解析】in comparison with 意为“与……相比”，是固定短语。 5. A small __________ (pack) was waiting for me at the door when I got home. 【答案】package　【解析】pack 的名词形式 package 意为“包裹”。 6. The __________ (joy) voices of the children woke up the whole neighbourhood. 【答案】joyful　【解析】修饰名词 voices 用形容词 joyful，意为“快乐的”。 7. Everyone trusts him because of his __________ (honest). 【答案】honesty　【解析】his 后接名词，honest 的名词形式是 honesty。 8. Please read the instructions __________ (care) before you use the new machine. 【答案】carefully　【解析】修饰动词 read 用副词 carefully。 9. Her __________ (perform) in the school show surprised all the teachers. 【答案】performance　【解析】her 后接名词，perform 的名词形式是 performance。 10. There is a big __________ (differ) between the two answers, so only one can be right. 【答案】difference　【解析】a big difference 意为“很大的差异”，differ 的名词形式是 difference。 II. 根据汉语提示填入恰当的词块（每空可填一词或多词） 1. Last winter my family ______________________ (去度假) in a small town by the sea. 【答案】went on vacation　【解析】go on vacation 意为“去度假”，讲述去年冬天的事用过去式。 2. If the box is too heavy, I can ______________________ (帮你一把). 【答案】give you a hand　【解析】give sb a hand 意为“帮某人一把”。 3. The children decided to ______________________ (策划一场寻宝游戏) in the garden. 【答案】plan a treasure hunt　【解析】decide to 后接动词原形；plan a treasure hunt 意为“策划一场寻宝游戏”。 4. Before the Spring Festival, Grandma taught me how to ______________________ (剪剪纸). 【答案】make paper-cuts　【解析】how to 后接动词原形；make paper-cuts 意为“剪剪纸”。 5. Although the twins look different, they ______________________ (有很多共同之处). 【答案】have a lot in common　【解析】have a lot in common 意为“有很多共同之处”，主语是 they，用 have。 6. Even on a rainy day, she can always ______________________ (看到一线光明). 【答案】see the silver lining　【解析】see the silver lining 意为“看到一线光明”，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 7. My father often reads in the study ______________________ (在他的空闲时间). 【答案】in his spare time　【解析】in one's spare time 意为“在某人的空闲时间”，主语是 my father，用 his。 8. Please accept my ______________________ (祝贺) winning the prize. 【答案】congratulations on　【解析】congratulations on 后接动名词，意为“祝贺你”。 III. 情景交际：根据对话内容，写出所缺的句子 1. A: ______________________________? B: We spent a week in a small village in Guizhou. It was wonderful. 【答案】Where did you spend your holiday?　【解析】答语讲“在贵州的一个小村子里待了一周”，问句应问去哪里度假。 2. A: ______________________________? B: Sorry, but I have to finish my homework first. 【答案】Could you please take out the rubbish?　【解析】答语 Sorry, but ... 是委婉拒绝，说明问句是请求对方做某事。 3. A: Is Emma quieter than her sister? B: ______________________________. She never stops talking. 【答案】No, she isn't. She is much more outgoing.　【解析】答语“她一刻也停不下来”说明她并不更安静，用否定回答并作比较。 4. A: What do you and your deskmate have in common? B: ______________________________. 【答案】We both enjoy playing basketball.　【解析】问句问共同之处，用 both 作答，答案不唯一。 IV. 根据提示写句子 1. 你假期是怎么过的？ 【答案】How did you spend your holiday?　【解析】一般过去时的特殊疑问句用“疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形”。 2. 你能帮我做家务吗？ 【答案】Can you help me with the housework?　【解析】help sb with sth 意为“帮某人做某事”，Can you 后接动词原形。 3. 我姐姐比我更外向，但她说英语不如我流利。 【答案】My sister is more outgoing than me, but she doesn't speak English as fluently as I do.　【解析】more outgoing 是比较级；not as ... as 中间用原级 fluently。 4. 多亏了老师的帮助，我去年进步很大。 【答案】Thanks to my teacher's help, I made great progress last year.　【解析】thanks to 意为“多亏、由于”；讲去年的事用一般过去时 made。 V. 单项选择 1. — Did you go __________ interesting during the summer holiday? — Yes, I visited a science museum in Shanghai. A. anywhere B. somewhere C. everywhere 【答案】A　【解析】疑问句中表示“任何地方”用 anywhere；somewhere 多用于肯定句。 2. Everything in the new shop __________ very expensive, but the service there is good. A. are B. is C. were 【答案】B　【解析】不定代词 everything 作主语，谓语用单数；讲现在的情况用 is。 3. — Could you please pass me the salt? — __________ Here you are. A. Yes, I could. B. No, I don't. C. Sure. 【答案】C　【解析】对 Could you please ...? 的肯定应答用 Sure. / No problem.，不能用 Yes, I could. 4. The Yangtze River is __________ than any other river in China. A. longer B. long C. longest 【答案】A　【解析】than 前用比较级 longer；同一范围内比较用 any other + 单数名词。 5. Lily sings __________ than her sister, but she doesn't dance as __________ as her sister. A. better; good B. good; well C. better; well 【答案】C　【解析】修饰动词 sing、dance 用副词；well 的比较级是 better，as ... as 中间用原级 well。 6. Nobody told me __________ about the change of the plan, so I was late for the meeting. A. something B. anything C. nothing 【答案】B　【解析】nobody 是否定意义的主语，其后的句子用 anything。 Part 2　Unit 4　Amazing Plants and Animals 话题：人与自然的联系 语法：形容词与副词的最高级（-(i)est / most） 一、重点词块复习 （一）动植物之最 词块 释义 the largest and heaviest animal on earth 地球上最大最重的动物 the biggest land animal in the world 世界上最大的陆地动物 run the fastest among all land animals 在所有陆地动物中跑得最快 one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings 中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一 one of the fastest-growing plants 生长最快的植物之一 one of the most useful plants in the world 世界上最有用的植物之一 the oldest living trees on earth 地球上最古老的活树 the tiniest animals in the ocean 海洋中最小的动物 the most amazing animals on earth 地球上最神奇的动物 one of the most beautiful things to see 最值得一看的景象之一 （二）竹子与植物 词块 释义 a folding fan 一把折扇 a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture 中国文化中美德的象征 appear in Chinese paintings 出现在中国画中 grow almost one metre in one day 一天长近一米 make tools and instruments 制作工具和乐器 eat bamboo shoots 吃竹笋 be home to many birds 是许多鸟类的栖息地 the Bamboo Sea in Sichuan Province 四川竹海 the importance of plants 植物的重要性 one of the most amazing animals on earth 地球上最神奇的动物之一 （三）蜜蜂与生态 词块 释义 pollination 授粉 take pollen from one flower to another 把花粉从一朵花带到另一朵花 use a dance to communicate 用舞蹈交流 create honeycombs 筑蜂巢 in order to store honey 为了储存蜂蜜 for this reason 出于这个原因 in fact 确切地说；实际上 about 80 per cent of the plants 大约百分之八十的植物 play an important part in the ecosystem 在生态系统中起重要作用 be connected with each other 彼此相关联 the number of bees is dropping 蜜蜂的数量在下降 live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean 除北冰洋外生活在所有海洋中 weigh as much as 200 tons 重达 200 吨 live up to 90 years 寿命长达 90 年 take a walk under ginkgo trees 在银杏树下散步 （四）熟词生义 词 常见义 本单元新义 / 新用法 home n. 家 n. 栖息地；所在地（be home to many birds） part n. 部分 n. 作用（play an important part in） role n. 角色 n. 作用；职能（play an important role） shoot v. 射击；开枪 n. 幼苗；嫩芽（bamboo shoots） store n. 商店 v. 贮存；储存（store honey） （五）重点词汇（教材课标重点词） 词 释义 词 释义 bamboo 竹；竹子 butterfly 蝴蝶 climate 气候 communicate 交流；沟通 connect 关联；连接 disappoint 使失望 goodness 美德；营养 honey 蜂蜜 importance 重要性 lively 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 per cent 百分之…… planet 行星 protect 保护；防护 role 作用；角色 tiny 极小的；微小的 weigh 有……重；称重量 （六）词形变化归纳 词形变化 释义 act (v.) → action (n.) 行动 → 行动；行为 good (adj.) → goodness (n.) 好的 → 美德；营养 happy (adj.) → happiness (n.) 快乐的 → 幸福；快乐 important (adj.) → importance (n.) 重要的 → 重要性 disappoint (v.) → disappointed (adj.) 使失望 → 感到失望的 connect (v.) → connection (n.) 连接 → 联系；连接 communicate (v.) → communication (n.) 交流 → 交流；沟通 protect (v.) → protection (n.) 保护 → 保护（名词） imagine (v.) → imagination (n.) 想象 → 想象力 二、词块过关练 I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The number of bees is dropping, so these tiny animals need __________ (protect). 【答案】protection　【解析】need 后面接名词作宾语，our 后面也必须跟名词；protect 的名词形式是 protection，意为“保护”。 2. We were __________ (disappoint) when the bamboo forest was closed that day. 【答案】disappointed　【解析】人作主语表示“感到失望的”用 -ed 形容词。 3. Few people understand the __________ (important) of protecting these tiny animals. 【答案】importance　【解析】the 后接名词，important 的名词形式是 importance。 4. Ants use different smells for __________ (communicate) with each other. 【答案】communication　【解析】介词 for 后接名词，communicate 的名词形式是 communication。 5. The __________ (connect) between plants and people is closer than we think. 【答案】connection　【解析】the ... between 中间用名词 connection，意为“联系”。 6. Bamboo is a symbol of __________ (good) in Chinese culture. 【答案】goodness　【解析】a symbol of 后接名词，good 的名词形式是 goodness，意为“美德”。 II. 根据汉语提示填入恰当的词块（每空可填一词或多词） 1. Mount Wuyi ______________________ (是……的栖息地) many rare plants and animals. 【答案】is home to　【解析】be home to 意为“是……的栖息地”；主语 Mount Wuyi 是单数，用 is。 2. ______________________ (为了) keep the river clean, the students pick up rubbish every Sunday. 【答案】In order to　【解析】in order to 表示目的，后接动词原形；位于句首，首字母大写。 3. Wetlands ______________________ (在……中起重要作用) in cleaning dirty water. 【答案】play an important part / role　【解析】play an important part / role in 意为“在……中起重要作用”，in 后接名词或动名词；主语是复数，用 play。 4. Tom looks quiet in class. ______________________ (实际上), he talks a lot with his friends after school. 【答案】In fact　【解析】in fact 意为“实际上”，用来补充或纠正前面的说法；位于句首，首字母大写，后面加逗号。 5. All the students went to the museum ______________________ (除……之外) Lily, because she was ill that day. 【答案】except　【解析】except 意为“除……之外（不包括）”；Lily 那天生病没去，所以用 except，不用 besides。 6. An adult elephant can ______________________ (重达 6 吨). 【答案】weigh up to 6 tons　【解析】weigh 意为“有……重”，up to 表示“多达”；情态动词 can 后接动词原形 weigh。 III. 从方框中选择恰当的词块填空（必要时改变形式，每个词块限用一次） up to play a role take a walk for this reason be connected with 1. The museum is free every Sunday, and __________ many families visit it. 【答案】for this reason　【解析】for this reason 意为“出于这个原因”，先给原因、再说结果的场合用它承接。 2. The new stadium can hold __________ 30,000 people. 【答案】up to　【解析】up to 表示“多达”，放在数字前；hold up to 30,000 people 意为“能容纳多达三万人”。 3. A healthy diet __________ a good mood, so eat more fruit and vegetables. 【答案】is connected with　【解析】be connected with 意为“与……相关联”；主语 a healthy diet 是单数，用 is。 4. Teamwork __________ in getting the work done on time. 【答案】plays a role　【解析】play a role in 意为“在……中起作用”；teamwork 不可数，作主语用第三人称单数 plays。 5. After lunch, my grandpa likes to __________ along the river. 【答案】take a walk　【解析】take a walk 意为“散步”，like to 后接动词原形。 三、重点句型 （一）教材核心句 1. The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. 2. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. 3. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 4. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. 5. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. 6. Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. （二）功能句型（情景交际 / 看图写句常考） 功能 句型 询问“最……” What's the largest / smallest animal in the world? 说明之最 ... is the + 最高级 + 名词 + in / on / of ... 说明“之一” ... is one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 ... 说明重要性 ... play an important part in ... 说明原因 ... because ... / For this reason, ... 表达看法 I think the most ... is ... / It is perhaps the most ... 四、句型操练（写句子） I. 情景交际：根据对话内容，写出所缺的句子 1. A: ______________________________? B: The blue whale. It can weigh as much as 200 tons. 【答案】What's the largest animal in the world?　【解析】答语给出动物名称并说“重达 200 吨”，问句应问“世界上最大的动物是什么”。 2. A: ______________________________? B: The cheetah does. It runs the fastest among all land animals. 【答案】Which animal runs the fastest among all land animals?　【解析】答语用 The cheetah does 代替 The cheetah runs the fastest；由 runs the fastest among all land animals 可知问的是“哪种动物跑得最快”，问句用 Which animal ...?，比较范围用 among all land animals。 3. A: ______________________________? B: Because they pollinate flowers and help plants grow. 【答案】Why are bees so important?　【解析】答语用 Because ... 说明原因，问句应问“蜜蜂为什么重要”。 4. A: Do you think bamboo is useful? B: Yes, I do. ______________________________. 【答案】We can use it to build houses and make tools. / It is useful for building houses and making tools.（答案不唯一，写出一句理由即可）　【解析】先用 Yes, I do. 表明看法，再补一句理由；说明用途可用 use sth to do sth 或 be useful for doing sth。 II. 根据提示写句子 1. 长城是世界上最著名的建筑之一。 【答案】The Great Wall is one of the most famous buildings in the world.　【解析】one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词，意为“最……的之一”；主语 The Great Wall 是单数，be 动词用 is。 2. 在班上，王梅唱歌唱得最动听。 【答案】Wang Mei sings (the) most beautifully in our class.　【解析】修饰动词 sing 要用副词；beautifully 是多音节词，最高级前面加 most；副词最高级前的 the 可以省略，范围用 in our class。 3. 去年夏天的那次旅行是我最快乐、最有趣的经历。 【答案】That trip last summer was my happiest and most interesting experience.　【解析】物主代词 my 后面直接跟最高级，不再加 the；两个最高级并列，happy 改 y 为 i 加 -est，interesting 是多音节词、前面加 most；讲去年的事，be 动词用 was。 五、重点语法：形容词与副词的最高级 （一）最高级的构成 构成方式 例词 单音节词加 -(e)st tall → tallest　large → largest　fast → fastest 辅音字母 + y 结尾，改 y 为 i 加 -est tiny → tiniest　happy → happiest　early → earliest 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母再加 -est big → biggest　hot → hottest　slim → slimmest 多音节词前加 most useful → most useful　popular → most popular　beautiful → most beautiful 不规则变化 good / well → best；bad / badly → worst；many / much → most；little → least；far → farthest / furthest （二）最高级的常用句型 句型 含义 例句 the + 最高级 + 名词 + in / on / of ... 在某一范围内最…… The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 最……的之一 Bamboo is one of the most useful plants. 最高级 + among / of + 复数 在……当中最…… The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 物主代词 + 最高级 + 名词 某人最……的 This is my best friend. 副词最高级前的 the 可省略 修饰动词时 He works (the) hardest in our group. （三）易错提醒 1. 用最高级时必须限定范围（in the world, in our class, of the three），否则读者不知道比的是哪一群。 2. one of 后面接复数名词：× one of the most useful plant √ one of the most useful plants。 3. 多音节词用 most，不能再加 -est：× beautifullest √ most beautiful。 4. 最高级前的 the 一般不省；只有“副词最高级 + 动词”时才可以省：He runs (the) fastest。 5. 两者比较用比较级，三者或三者以上才用最高级：× He is the tallest of the two boys. √ He is the taller of the two boys. 6. in 后接地点或范围（in the world），of / among 后接同类的人或物（of the three【常考】, among all animals）。 六、语法综合练 I. 单项选择 1. — Which is __________, the cheetah, the lion or the tiger? — The cheetah. A. fast B. faster C. the fastest 【答案】C　【解析】三者比较用最高级；问句在三种动物中选“最快”的。 2. July is __________ month of the year in our city. A. hot B. the hottest C. hottest 【答案】B　【解析】in our city 限定范围，用最高级，且 the 不能省；hot 是重读闭音节，要双写 t 再加 -est。 3. Su Bingtian is one of __________ runners in China. A. the best B. best C. better 【答案】A　【解析】one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词，runners 必须是复数；good 的最高级是 best，前面要加 the。 4. Of all the students in our class, Li Ming runs __________. A. faster B. fast C. fastest 【答案】C　【解析】of all ... 限定范围，用副词最高级 fastest。 5. This is __________ film I have ever seen. A. more interesting B. the most interesting C. most interesting 【答案】B　【解析】I have ever seen 表示“我看过的所有电影中”，用最高级并加 the。 II. 按要求改写句子 1. Tom runs faster than any other boy in his class.（用最高级改写） 【答案】Tom runs the fastest in his class.　【解析】“比较级 + than any other + 单数名词”与“最高级 + in + 范围”同义。 2. The panda is more popular than any other animal in the zoo.（用最高级改写） 【答案】The panda is the most popular animal in the zoo.　【解析】多音节词的比较级改最高级时，把 more 换成 the most。 3. This is the most beautiful garden in our town.（用比较级改写） 【答案】This garden is more beautiful than any other garden in our town.　【解析】最高级改比较级时，用“比较级 + than any other + 单数名词”。 Part 3　Unit 5　What a Delicious Meal! 话题：食物与记忆 语法：感叹句（What / How）；可数名词与不可数名词 一、重点词块复习 （一）烹饪动作 词块 释义 cut the potatoes into pieces 把土豆切成块 cut up the tomatoes 把西红柿切碎 boil the potatoes until they are soft 把土豆煮软 mash the potatoes 把土豆捣成泥 mix the eggs in a bowl 在碗里把鸡蛋打散 pour the milk into the flour 把牛奶倒进面粉里 bake the cake in the oven 在烤箱里烤蛋糕 heat some oil in a pan 在平底锅里热些油 stir-fry for one minute 翻炒一分钟 add some salt and pepper 加些盐和胡椒粉 fill the bowl with soup 把碗里装满汤 （二）食材、分量与做法 词块 释义 a tablespoon of butter 一汤匙黄油 half a cup of milk 半杯牛奶 a slice of bread 一片面包 a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 a spoon of sugar 一勺糖 a plate of spaghetti 一盘意大利面 flour, butter and cheese 面粉、黄油和奶酪 the ingredients of the dish 这道菜的食材 a mixture of eggs and sugar 鸡蛋和糖的混合物 first … next … then … after that … finally 首先……接下来……然后…… 那之后……最后 follow the instructions 按照说明操作 one by one 一个接一个地 at least an hour 至少一个小时 put the pie back 把馅饼放回去 warm up the soup 把汤热一热 according to the recipe 按照食谱 （三）食物与记忆 词块 释义 cooking is love made visible 烹饪是看得见的爱 share love with others 与他人分享爱 create memories 创造回忆 fill the room with sweetness 让房间充满甜香 whenever I smell cinnamon 每当我闻到肉桂的味道 the secret to cooking 烹饪的诀窍 along with our conversations 连同我们的谈话 learn from other cultures 向其他文化学习 （四）熟词生义 词 常见义 本单元新义 / 新用法 heat n. 热；温度 v. 加热；变热（heat some oil） slice n. 薄片 v. 把……切成薄片（slice the bread） separate adj. 单独的；分开的 v. （使）分开（separate the eggs） host n. 主人 n. 寄宿家庭（a host family）；v. 主办 pretty adj. 漂亮的 adv. 相当；十分（pretty good） （五）重点词汇（教材课标重点词） 词 释义 词 释义 boil 煮沸；烧开 born 出生；天生的 butter 黄油 cheese 奶酪；干酪 host 主人；主办 instruction 用法说明；操作指南 least 最小；最少 mess 脏乱；凌乱 mix （使）混合 mixture 混合物 oven 烤箱；烤炉 pepper 胡椒粉；菜椒 pretty 漂亮的；相当 secret 诀窍；秘密 separate 分开的；使分开 simple 简单的；朴素的 （六）词形变化归纳 词形变化 释义 instruct (v.) → instruction (n.) 指导 → 用法说明 mix (v.) → mixture (n.) 混合 → 混合物 sweet (adj.) → sweetness (n.) 甜的 → 甜；芬芳 host (n.) → hostess (n.) 主人 → 女主人 simple (adj.) → simply (adv.) 简单的 → 仅仅；简单地 separate (adj.) → separately (adv.) 分开的 → 分别地 bake (v.) → baker (n.) 烘焙 → 烘焙师 salt (n.) → salty (adj.) 盐 → 咸的 二、词块过关练 I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The __________ (sweet) of the pumpkin pie comes from the sugar and the cream. 【答案】sweetness　【解析】the 后接名词，sweet 的名词形式是 sweetness。 2. My aunt is a famous __________ (bake) in our town, and her bread sells well. 【答案】baker　【解析】表示“烘焙师”用 baker。 3. Read the __________ (instruct) carefully before you start cooking. 【答案】instructions　【解析】作“用法说明”讲时常用复数 instructions。 4. The steps are written __________ (simple), so even a child can follow them. 【答案】simply　【解析】修饰动词 are written 用副词 simply。 5. Put the eggs and the sugar in a bowl and stir the __________ (mix) well. 【答案】mixture　【解析】the ... 后接名词，mix 的名词形式是 mixture，意为“混合物”。 6. The __________ (host) welcomed us with a big smile and a plate of biscuits. 【答案】hostess　【解析】表示“女主人”用 hostess。 II. 根据汉语提示填入恰当的词块（每空可填一词或多词） 1. First, wash the potatoes and ______________________ (切成块). 【答案】cut them into pieces　【解析】cut ... into pieces 意为“把……切成块”，代词 them 放在 cut 与 into 之间。 2. Next, ______________________ (把牛奶倒进) the flour and stir well. 【答案】pour the milk into　【解析】pour ... into ... 意为“把……倒进……”。 3. Then ______________________ (在烤箱里烤) for about forty minutes. 【答案】bake it in the oven　【解析】bake ... in the oven 意为“在烤箱里烤”，it 指前面提到的食物。 4. Let the pie cool for ______________________ (至少一个小时) before you cut it. 【答案】at least an hour　【解析】at least 意为“至少”，后接时间段。 5. Put the ingredients into the bowl ______________________ (一个接一个地). 【答案】one by one　【解析】one by one 意为“一个接一个地”。 6. ______________________ (按照食谱), you need two eggs and a cup of milk. 【答案】According to the recipe　【解析】according to 意为“根据、按照”，位于句首首字母大写。 III. 从方框中选择恰当的词块填空（必要时改变形式，每个词块限用一次） warm up put … back cut up mix … with … fill … with … 1. __________ the onions before you put them into the pot. 【答案】Cut up　【解析】cut up 意为“切碎”，祈使句用动词原形，句首首字母大写。 2. __________ the eggs __________ the milk and stir them well. 【答案】Mix; with　【解析】mix ... with ... 意为“把……和……混合”。 3. Please __________ the soup for two minutes before you serve it. 【答案】warm up　【解析】warm up 意为“加热、热一热”，Please 后接动词原形。 4. The smell of cinnamon __________ the whole room __________ sweetness. 【答案】filled; with　【解析】fill ... with ... 意为“使……充满……”，讲述过去用过去式 filled。 5. When you finish using the salt, __________ it __________ in the cupboard. 【答案】put; back　【解析】put ... back 意为“把……放回原处”。 三、重点句型 （一）教材核心句 1. What an amazing smell (it is)! 2. How delicious the dish looks! 3. What a mess (it is)! 4. How clever you are! 5. What luck (we have)! 6. How wonderful life is! （二）功能句型（情景交际 / 看图写句常考） 功能 句型 询问做法 How do we make ...? / What should we do next? 询问用量 How much salt / milk do we need? / How many eggs do we need? 说明步骤 First, ... Next, ... Then, ... After that, ... Finally, ... 说明用量 a tablespoon of ... / half a cup of ... / a slice of ... 表达赞叹 What a / an + 形容词 + 名词 (+ 主谓)! / How + 形容词 / 副词 (+ 主谓)! 表达感受 It smells / tastes / looks ... 四、句型操练 I. 情景交际：根据对话内容，写出所缺的句子 1. A: ______________________________? B: First, wash the potatoes and cut them into pieces. 【答案】How do we make mashed potatoes?　【解析】答语用 First ... 讲第一步做法，问句应问“怎么做”。 2. A: How much salt do we need? B: ______________________________. 【答案】Just a spoon. / About one spoon.　【解析】how much 问不可数名词的量，答语给出用量。 3. A: ______________________________? B: Next, heat some oil in a pan and add the eggs. 【答案】What should we do next?　【解析】答语用 Next ... 讲下一步，问句应问“下一步做什么”。 4. A: ______________________________? B: My grandmother did. She gave me the recipe last year. 【答案】Who taught you to make the pie? / Who taught you to cook?（意思对即可）　【解析】My grandmother did 代替 My grandmother taught me；问“谁教你做的”，用 Who 开头，后接一般过去时，动词用原形。 II. 根据提示写句子 1. 这个派看起来很好吃！（写感叹句） 【答案】How delicious the pie looks!　【解析】要感叹的是形容词 delicious，把它提到句首，用 How，剩下的 the pie looks 照抄。 2. 首先把西红柿切成小块，然后加热锅里的油。 【答案】First, cut the tomatoes into small pieces. Then heat the oil in the pan.　【解析】表示顺序用 First / Then；祈使句用动词原形。 3. 多么美味的汤啊！我还能再喝一碗吗？ 【答案】What delicious soup it is! Can I have another bowl?　【解析】要感叹的是 delicious soup 这个名词词组，用 What；soup 不可数，不加 a。 五、重点语法：感叹句与可数、不可数名词 （一）感叹句的底层逻辑：把要感叹的部分提前 感叹句的底层逻辑是把要感叹的内容提前，这是我们在表达时的自然反应。比如，我们在路边看到一条非常可爱的狗，你会怎么说？一般我们说，哇，好可爱！或者哇，好可爱的狗！英文中的逻辑一样，只要把我们最想感叹的内容提到最前面，后面的主谓部分则根据具体情况来定保留还是省略： 陈述句：It is a cute dog.　/　The dog is cute. 感叹句：What a cute dog (it is)!　/　How cute (the dog is)! 下一个问题是引导词的选择：什么时候用 what，什么时候用 how。提前的是形容词或副词，用 how；提前的是名词或名词词组，用 what。 对照看： 被提前的部分 引导词 例句 形容词 amazing How How amazing the plant is! 副词 fast How How fast he runs! 名词词组 an amazing plant What What an amazing plant it is! 名词词组 beautiful flowers（复数） What What beautiful flowers (they are)! 特别提醒：a / an 是名词（词组）自带的，不是 what 带出来的，所以判断要不要 a / an，要看后面的名词（词组）。 （二）单选题解题技巧：先去主谓，再套口诀 单选题的题干是一个完整句子，空格后面往往还跟着主语和谓语，那些都是干扰。做题时先划掉它们，剩下的才是被感叹的部分；剩下什么，就照口诀判——How 形，What 名。 步骤 怎么做 例子 第一步　去主谓 划掉空格后面句子的主语和谓语 __________ delicious the soup tastes! 去掉 the soup tastes，只剩 delicious 第二步　套口诀 剩下形容词或副词用 How，剩下名词用 What 剩下 delicious，是形容词 → How delicious the soup is! What 再多一步 看这个名词要不要 a / an an amazing smell → What an amazing smell it is! （三）可数与不可数名词 类别 例词 量与修饰 可数（有复数） egg, tomato, potato, pancake, pie, bowl, spoon a / an, two eggs, many, a few, how many 不可数（无复数） soup, milk, flour, butter, cheese, salt, pepper, oil, sugar, bread some, much, a little, how much 借用量词表达数量 a bowl of rice / a slice of bread / a spoon of sugar / a tablespoon of butter / a piece of cake 复数加在量词上：two bowls of rice （四）易错提醒 1. 判断引导词只看被提前的那部分，别被后面的主谓带跑：× How a nice day! √ What a nice day! 2. a / an 由名词决定，不由 what 决定：× What amazing smell! √ What an amazing smell!（smell 是可数名词单数，本来就带 an） 3. 表示数量的短语变复数时，只把量词变复数：two slices of bread、three bowls of rice。 六、语法综合练 I. 单项选择 1. __________ delicious the soup tastes! A. What B. How C. What a 【答案】B　【解析】去掉主谓 the soup tastes，只剩 delicious，是形容词，用 How。 2. __________ amazing smell it is! I can't wait to taste it. A. What an B. What a C. How 【答案】A　【解析】去掉主谓 it is，剩 an amazing smell 这个名词词组，用 What；smell 是可数名词单数，amazing 以元音音素开头，a 要换成 an。 3. There is only __________ milk in the fridge. Let's buy some this afternoon. A. a few B. a little C. many 【答案】B　【解析】milk 是不可数名词，用 a little 修饰；a few 只修饰可数名词复数。 4. — How __________ eggs do we need for the cake? — Two, please. A. many B. much C. long 【答案】A　【解析】eggs 是可数名词复数，问数量用 how many。 5. __________ nice weather we have today! Let's go boating on the lake. A. What a B. How C. What 【答案】C　【解析】去掉主谓 we have，剩 nice weather，是名词词组，用 What；weather 不可数，不加 a。 II. 按要求改写句子 1. The soup is very delicious.（用 How 改为感叹句） 【答案】How delicious the soup is!　【解析】要感叹的是 delicious，用 How；原句里的 very 去掉。 2. It is an amazing smell.（用 What 改为感叹句） 【答案】What an amazing smell it is!　【解析】要感叹的是 an amazing smell 这个名词词组，用 What；amazing 以元音音素开头，a 换成 an。 3. The pie is a wonderful surprise.（用 What 改为感叹句） 【答案】What a wonderful surprise it is!　【解析】要感叹的是 a wonderful surprise 这个名词词组，用 What；surprise 在此是可数名词单数，a 保留。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级上册英语期中复习提纲 人教版（PEP）新教材　Unit 1 – Unit 5 Part 1　Units 1–3 回顾：Happy Holiday ｜ Home Sweet Home ｜ Same or Different? Part 2　Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals　|　Part 3　Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 【编写说明】Part 1 为 Units 1–3 快速回顾：三单元已在月考中复习过一轮，这里只作知识梳理的合并与跨单元综合过关；Part 2、Part 3 为 Unit 4、Unit 5 的完整梳理与过关。 Part 1　Units 1–3 回顾 复习范围：Unit 1 Happy Holiday ｜ Unit 2 Home Sweet Home ｜ Unit 3 Same or Different? 一、三单元知识速查 （一）Unit 1 Happy Holiday 重点词块 假期活动 词块 释义 __________ 去度假 ______________________ 去夏令营 visit __________ buildings 参观古建筑 go to the __________ 去乡下 stay in a comfortable __________ 住在舒适的旅馆里 take a train to a small __________ 乘火车去一个小镇 see the beautiful __________ 欣赏美丽的风景 work as a tour __________ 当导游 buy a silk __________ 买一条丝巾 go __________ interesting 去有趣的地方 旅行见闻 词块 释义 take my __________ away 令我惊叹 __________ rocks 奇石 a beautiful double __________ 一道美丽的双彩虹 __________ buildings 极好的建筑 beautiful metro __________ 漂亮的地铁站 walk inside a __________ 像走在宫殿里一样 go to a famous __________ 去一个著名的广场 __________ the steamed chicken soup 尤其是汽锅鸡 feel __________ in the hotel 在旅馆里感到无聊 look __________ the window 朝窗户望去 __________ to sing and dance 聚在一起唱歌跳舞 __________ with some students 和一些学生做游戏 感受与收获 词块 释义 a __________ holiday 轻松的假期 __________ one's worries 忘掉烦恼 be __________ to do sth 准备好做某事 get a little __________ 变得有点健忘 __________ 超预算 __________ me to take my __________ 提醒我带护照 __________ 转身 be __________ to see a deer 惊讶地看到一只鹿 a __________ house 舒适的房子 feel __________ 感到不舒服 at __________ 处于平静之中 __________ food 寻找食物 （二）Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点词块 家务劳动 词块 释义 __________ 打扫浴室 clean the __________ 打扫卧室 __________ one's things 把东西打包 ______________________ 倒垃圾 __________ photos 把照片挂起来 __________ the house 打扫房子 __________ 扫地 __________ 喂鱼 迎接客人 词块 释义 prepare for their __________ 为他们的到来做准备 __________ friends to the new house 邀请朋友来新家 ______________________ 开车顺便送某人 __________ things to their room 给他们的房间添置东西 ______________________ 使某人感到宾至如归 __________ a chess set 借一副国际象棋 plan a __________ hunt 策划一场寻宝游戏 make some __________ 做些饼干 ______________________ 帮某人一把 __________ you to our __________ 欢迎你来到我们的社区 __________ to ask 尽管问 回家与团圆 词块 释义 a long train __________ 漫长的火车旅程 __________ the heavy luggage into the house 把沉重的行李拉进屋 __________ sth with sb 和某人分享某物 __________ 摆餐具 the __________ taste of home 熟悉的家的味道 tell us some __________ 给我们讲几个笑话 ______________________ 开怀大笑 __________ with tears in her eyes 眼含泪水点了点头 __________ freshly-made biscuits 一盘刚烤好的饼干 __________ days later 几天以后 __________ terrible 闻起来很难闻 装饰与布置 词块 释义 __________ the room 装饰房间 ______________________ my brother 和我弟弟合住一个房间 __________ the animals on the wall 盖住墙上的动物图案 __________ the walls light green 把墙刷成浅绿色 a pair of __________ 一把剪刀 buy some __________ 买些胶水 __________ 剪剪纸 （三）Unit 3 Same or Different? 重点词块 外貌与性格 词块 释义 be tall and __________ 又高又苗条 a __________ person 严肃的人 be __________ 外向的 be __________ 害羞的 be __________ 勤奋的 be __________ 懒惰的 have a great sense of __________ 很有幽默感 be __________ and __________ 坦率而诚实的 比较与描述 词块 释义 __________ A with B 把 A 和 B 作比较 be __________ sb 比某人高 __________ sb 舞跳得比某人好 work __________ sb 和某人一样努力 be __________ sb 比某人更外向 be __________ sb 不如某人直率 ______________________ 有共同之处 find the __________ between A and B 找出 A 和 B 的相似之处 the __________ between A and B A 和 B 之间的差异 in __________ and __________ 在外表和性格方面 the __________ of a city 一座城市的人口 the __________ rainfall 平均降雨量 __________ winning the __________ 祝贺获奖 in one's __________ time 在某人的空闲时间 朋友与友谊 词块 释义 be like a __________ 就像一面镜子 have similar __________ 有相似的兴趣 __________ when I practise 练习时更努力 __________ interesting books with each other 互相分享有趣的书 __________ each other's __________ 尊重彼此的差异 __________ each other 互相学习 give one's __________ 提出某人的看法 __________ 犯错误 a true friend __________ your hand 真正的朋友向你伸出援手 __________ your heart 触动你的心 __________ 帮忙 __________ me 关心我 see the __________ 看到一线光明 （四）熟词生义（三单元） 词 常见义 单元新义 / 新用法 guide v. 指引；给某人领路 n. 导游；指南（work as a tour guide） square n. 正方形 n. 广场（a famous square） plan n. 计划；方案 v. 策划；打算（plan a treasure hunt） smell n. 气味 v. 闻起来（smell terrible） text n. 文本；课文 v. （用手机）发短信（text me） note n. 笔记；便条 v. 注意；指出（note the difference） touch v. 触摸；碰 v. 触动；打动（touch your heart） character n. 角色；人物 n. 性格；品质（a strong character） （五）重点词汇（教材课标重点词） Unit 1 词 释义 词 释义 ______ 古代的；古老的 ______ 呼吸；气息 ______ 舒适的 ______ 乡下；农村 ______ 健忘的 ______ 导游；指南 ______ 风景；景色 ______ 护照 ______ 彩虹 ______ 提醒；使想起 ______ 围巾；头巾 ______ 生病的；不舒服的 ______ 丝绸 ______ 广场；正方形 ______ 奇怪的；陌生的 ______ 假期 Unit 2 词 释义 词 释义 ______ 到来；到达 ______ 借入；借用 ______ 饼干 ______ 社区 ______ 覆盖；遮盖 ______ 熟悉的 ______ 胶水 ______ 邀请 ______ 旅程；行程 ______ 搭便车；电梯 ______ 笔记；便条 ______ 打包；收拾 ______ 盘子；碟子 ______ 垃圾；废弃物 ______ 宝藏；珍宝 ______ 作者；作家 Unit 3 词 释义 词 释义 ______ 外表；出现 ______ 平均的；平均数 ______ 比较；对比 ______ 祝贺 ______ 差异；不同 ______ 直率的；指导 ______ 友谊 ______ 诚实的 ______ 幽默 ______ 兴趣；使感兴趣 ______ 镜子 ______ 看法；意见 ______ 外向的 ______ 性格；个性 ______ 人口 ______ 空闲的；抽出 （六）词形变化归纳 词形变化 释义 词形变化 释义 forget → __________ 忘记 → 健忘的 comfort → __________ 舒适 → 舒适的 surprise → __________ 使惊讶 → 感到惊讶的 relax → __________ 放松 → 令人放松的 bore → __________ 使厌烦 → 感到厌烦的 peace → __________ 和平 → 平静的 easy → __________ 容易的 → 容易地 regular → __________ 有规律的 → 有规律地 strange → __________ 陌生的 → 陌生人 excite → __________ 使兴奋 → 感到兴奋的 invite → __________ 邀请 → 邀请（名词） arrive → __________ 到达 → 到达（名词） decorate → __________ 装饰 → 装饰（名词） describe → __________ 描述 → 描述（名词） write → __________ 写 → 作者 care → __________ 关心 → 仔细地 joy → __________ 喜悦 → 快乐的 fresh → __________ 新鲜的 → 刚刚 smell → __________ 气味 → 有臭味的 hunt → __________ 搜寻 → 猎人 pack → __________ 打包 → 包裹 differ → __________ 不同于 → 差异 similar → __________ 相似的 → 相似之处 friend → __________ 朋友 → 友谊 honest → __________ 诚实的 → 诚实 humour → __________ 幽默 → 幽默的 please → __________ 使高兴 → 宜人的 serious → __________ 严肃的 → 严肃地 perform → __________ 表演 → 表演（名词） appear → __________ 出现 → 外表 person → __________ 人 → 性格 compare → __________ 比较 → 比较（名词） 二、三单元语法复习 （一）语法总览 语法项目 结构 关键提示 典型例句 不定代词（U1） some- / any- / no- / every- + thing / one / body / where 形容词必须后置；作主语时谓语用单数 Did you do anything special? / Everyone was excited. 一般过去时（U1） 主语 + 动词过去式；didn't / Did + 动词原形 与 yesterday, last week, ... ago, that day 连用 I didn't go anywhere special. / Where did you go? can / could 表请求（U2） Could / Can you please + 动词原形? could 只表语气委婉，不表过去 Could you please sweep the floor? can / could 表许可（U2） Could / Can I + 动词原形? 答语一律用 can，不用 could — Could I go out? — Yes, you can. 比较级（U3） -er / more + adj. + than than 前后比较对象要一致 Emma is taller than Ella. as ... as（U3） as + 原级 + as / not as ... as as ... as 中间只能用原级 I work as hard as her. （二）易错提醒（三单元汇总） 1. didn't / Did 后面接动词原形：× I didn't went there. √ I didn't go there. 2. 形容词修饰不定代词时要后置：× I met interesting someone. √ I met someone interesting. 3. 陈述句变疑问句时 some- 类通常改 any- 类：He bought something. → Did he buy anything? 但是，如果说话人期望获得肯定的回答，则用 some：Would you like something to eat? 4. Could you please 后直接接动词原形，不加 to，否定句中也是如此：× Could you please not to park your car here? √ Could you please not park your car here? 5. 回答 Could I ...? 用 can：× Yes, you could. √ Yes, you can。（could 在疑问句中是一种礼貌的说法，回答的时候就不需要用 could 来表达礼貌了。） 6. 比较级前的修饰词用 much / a little / even，不用 more：× more taller √ much taller。 7. as ... as 中间用原级：× as taller as √ as tall as。 8. 同一范围内比较，用 any other + 单数名词 把自己排除：He is taller than any other boy in his class. 三、三单元高频句型 （一）教材核心句（Grammar Focus 原句） Unit 1 不定代词与一般过去时 1. — Where did you go on holiday? — I didn't go anywhere special, but I tried something new. 2. — Did you do anything interesting on your holiday? — No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting. 3. — Did you go anywhere interesting? — Yes, I went to Yunnan. 4. — Did you eat anything special? — Yes, we did! Everything tasted good. 5. Everyone was excited, and nobody wanted to go home. Unit 2 can / could 表请求与许可 1. — Could you please sweep the floor? — OK, Mum. I'll do it at once. 2. — Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? — Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. 3. — Can I put some flowers on the table? — Yes, good idea! 4. — Can you help me hang up the photos? — Sure. / No problem! 5. — Dad, could you please give me a lift to the shop this afternoon? — Sorry, but I have to work from home all day. Unit 3 比较级与 as ... as 1. There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year. 2. Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella's. 3. Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her. 4. Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her! 5. I think a good friend is like a mirror. 6. He is as serious as me. （二）功能句型表（情景交际 / 看图写句常考） 功能 句型 询问假期 How was your holiday? / Where did you go on holiday? 询问经历 Did you do anything special? / Did you go anywhere interesting? 描述经历 I went to ... with my family. / We stayed there for a few days. 表达感受 It was fantastic / relaxing / wonderful. / It took my breath away. 礼貌请求 Could you please ...? / Can you ...? 请求许可 Could I ...? / Can I ...? 肯定应答 Sure. / No problem. / Of course. / With pleasure. 委婉拒绝 Sorry, but I have to ... / I'm afraid you can't. 主动帮忙 Can I help you? / Let me give you a hand. 询问异同 How are you different from each other? / What do you have in common? 进行比较 A is + 比较级 + than B. / A is as + 原级 + as B. 表达观点 I think a good friend is like a mirror. / I don't really care if ... 四、跨单元综合过关练 I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The __________ (hunt) waited quietly by the river for hours without moving. 2. My sister has a warm __________ (person), so she makes friends easily. 3. The __________ (describe) of the old town in her diary made me want to visit it. 4. In __________ (compare) with last year, our city is much greener now. 5. A small __________ (pack) was waiting for me at the door when I got home. 6. The __________ (joy) voices of the children woke up the whole neighbourhood. 7. Everyone trusts him because of his __________ (honest). 8. Please read the instructions __________ (care) before you use the new machine. 9. Her __________ (perform) in the school show surprised all the teachers. 10. There is a big __________ (differ) between the two answers, so only one can be right. II. 根据汉语提示填入恰当的词块（每空可填一词或多词） 1. Last winter my family ______________________ (去度假) in a small town by the sea. 2. If the box is too heavy, I can ______________________ (帮你一把). 3. The children decided to ______________________ (策划一场寻宝游戏) in the garden. 4. Before the Spring Festival, Grandma taught me how to ______________________ (剪剪纸). 5. Although the twins look different, they ______________________ (有很多共同之处). 6. Even on a rainy day, she can always ______________________ (看到一线光明). 7. My father often reads in the study ______________________ (在他的空闲时间). 8. Please accept my ______________________ (祝贺) winning the prize. III. 情景交际：根据对话内容，写出所缺的句子 1. A: ______________________________? B: We spent a week in a small village in Guizhou. It was wonderful. 2. A: ______________________________? B: Sorry, but I have to finish my homework first. 3. A: Is Emma quieter than her sister? B: ______________________________. She never stops talking. 4. A: What do you and your deskmate have in common? B: ______________________________. IV. 根据提示写句子 1. 你假期是怎么过的？ 2. 你能帮我做家务吗？ 3. 我姐姐比我更外向，但她说英语不如我流利。 4. 多亏了老师的帮助，我去年进步很大。 V. 单项选择 1. — Did you go __________ interesting during the summer holiday? — Yes, I visited a science museum in Shanghai. A. anywhere B. somewhere C. everywhere 2. Everything in the new shop __________ very expensive, but the service there is good. A. are B. is C. were 3. — Could you please pass me the salt? — __________ Here you are. A. Yes, I could. B. No, I don't. C. Sure. 4. The Yangtze River is __________ than any other river in China. A. longer B. long C. longest 5. Lily sings __________ than her sister, but she doesn't dance as __________ as her sister. A. better; good B. good; well C. better; well 6. Nobody told me __________ about the change of the plan, so I was late for the meeting. A. something B. anything C. nothing Part 2　Unit 4　Amazing Plants and Animals 话题：人与自然的联系 语法：形容词与副词的最高级（-(i)est / most） 一、重点词块复习 （一）动植物之最 词块 释义 the __________ and __________ animal on earth 地球上最大最重的动物 the __________ land animal in the world 世界上最大的陆地动物 run the __________ among all land animals 在所有陆地动物中跑得最快 one of the __________ subjects in Chinese paintings 中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一 one of the __________ plants 生长最快的植物之一 one of the __________ plants in the world 世界上最有用的植物之一 the __________ living trees on earth 地球上最古老的活树 the __________ animals in the __________ 海洋中最小的动物 the __________ animals on earth 地球上最神奇的动物 one of the most __________ things to see 最值得一看的景象之一 （二）竹子与植物 词块 释义 a __________ fan 一把折扇 a __________ of __________ in Chinese culture 中国文化中美德的象征 __________ in Chinese paintings 出现在中国画中 __________ almost one metre in one day 一天长近一米 make __________ and instruments 制作工具和乐器 eat bamboo __________ 吃竹笋 __________ many birds 是许多鸟类的栖息地 the Bamboo Sea in Sichuan __________ 四川竹海 the __________ of plants 植物的重要性 one of ______________________ on earth 地球上最神奇的动物之一 （三）蜜蜂与生态 词块 释义 __________ 授粉 take __________ from one flower to another 把花粉从一朵花带到另一朵花 use a dance to __________ 用舞蹈交流 create __________ 筑蜂巢 __________ store honey 为了储存蜂蜜 __________ 出于这个原因 __________ 确切地说；实际上 about 80 __________ of the plants 大约百分之八十的植物 ______________________ in the ecosystem 在生态系统中起重要作用 __________ each other 彼此相关联 __________ bees is dropping 蜜蜂的数量在下降 live in all oceans __________ the Arctic Ocean 除北冰洋外生活在所有海洋中 __________ as much as 200 __________ 重达 200 吨 __________ 90 years 寿命长达 90 年 __________ under ginkgo trees 在银杏树下散步 （四）熟词生义 词 常见义 本单元新义 / 新用法 home n. 家 n. 栖息地；所在地（be home to many birds） part n. 部分 n. 作用（play an important part in） role n. 角色 n. 作用；职能（play an important role） shoot v. 射击；开枪 n. 幼苗；嫩芽（bamboo shoots） store n. 商店 v. 贮存；储存（store honey） （五）重点词汇（教材课标重点词） 词 释义 词 释义 ______ 竹；竹子 ______ 蝴蝶 ______ 气候 ______ 交流；沟通 ______ 关联；连接 ______ 使失望 ______ 美德；营养 ______ 蜂蜜 ______ 重要性 ______ 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 ______ 百分之…… ______ 行星 ______ 保护；防护 ______ 作用；角色 ______ 极小的；微小的 ______ 有……重；称重量 （六）词形变化归纳 词形变化 释义 act (v.) → __________ (n.) 行动 → 行动；行为 good (adj.) → __________ (n.) 好的 → 美德；营养 happy (adj.) → __________ (n.) 快乐的 → 幸福；快乐 important (adj.) → __________ (n.) 重要的 → 重要性 disappoint (v.) → __________ (adj.) 使失望 → 感到失望的 connect (v.) → __________ (n.) 连接 → 联系；连接 communicate (v.) → __________ (n.) 交流 → 交流；沟通 protect (v.) → __________ (n.) 保护 → 保护（名词） imagine (v.) → __________ (n.) 想象 → 想象力 二、词块过关练 I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The number of bees is dropping, so these tiny animals need __________ (protect). 2. We were __________ (disappoint) when the bamboo forest was closed that day. 3. Few people understand the __________ (important) of protecting these tiny animals. 4. Ants use different smells for __________ (communicate) with each other. 5. The __________ (connect) between plants and people is closer than we think. 6. Bamboo is a symbol of __________ (good) in Chinese culture. II. 根据汉语提示填入恰当的词块（每空可填一词或多词） 1. Mount Wuyi ______________________ (是……的栖息地) many rare plants and animals. 2. ______________________ (为了) keep the river clean, the students pick up rubbish every Sunday. 3. Wetlands ______________________ (在……中起重要作用) in cleaning dirty water. 4. Tom looks quiet in class. ______________________ (实际上), he talks a lot with his friends after school. 5. All the students went to the museum ______________________ (除……之外) Lily, because she was ill that day. 6. An adult elephant can ______________________ (重达 6 吨). III. 从方框中选择恰当的词块填空（必要时改变形式，每个词块限用一次） up to play a role take a walk for this reason be connected with 1. The museum is free every Sunday, and __________ many families visit it. 2. The new stadium can hold __________ 30,000 people. 3. A healthy diet __________ a good mood, so eat more fruit and vegetables. 4. Teamwork __________ in getting the work done on time. 5. After lunch, my grandpa likes to __________ along the river. 三、重点句型 （一）教材核心句 1. The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. 2. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. 3. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 4. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. 5. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. 6. Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. （二）功能句型（情景交际 / 看图写句常考） 功能 句型 询问“最……” What's the largest / smallest animal in the world? 说明之最 ... is the + 最高级 + 名词 + in / on / of ... 说明“之一” ... is one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 ... 说明重要性 ... play an important part in ... 说明原因 ... because ... / For this reason, ... 表达看法 I think the most ... is ... / It is perhaps the most ... 四、句型操练（写句子） I. 情景交际：根据对话内容，写出所缺的句子 1. A: ______________________________? B: The blue whale. It can weigh as much as 200 tons. 2. A: ______________________________? B: The cheetah does. It runs the fastest among all land animals. 3. A: ______________________________? B: Because they pollinate flowers and help plants grow. 4. A: Do you think bamboo is useful? B: Yes, I do. ______________________________. II. 根据提示写句子 1. 长城是世界上最著名的建筑之一。 2. 在班上，王梅唱歌唱得最动听。 3. 去年夏天的那次旅行是我最快乐、最有趣的经历。 五、重点语法：形容词与副词的最高级 （一）最高级的构成 构成方式 例词 单音节词加 -(e)st tall → tallest　large → largest　fast → fastest 辅音字母 + y 结尾，改 y 为 i 加 -est tiny → tiniest　happy → happiest　early → earliest 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母再加 -est big → biggest　hot → hottest　slim → slimmest 多音节词前加 most useful → most useful　popular → most popular　beautiful → most beautiful 不规则变化 good / well → best；bad / badly → worst；many / much → most；little → least；far → farthest / furthest （二）最高级的常用句型 句型 含义 例句 the + 最高级 + 名词 + in / on / of ... 在某一范围内最…… The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 最……的之一 Bamboo is one of the most useful plants. 最高级 + among / of + 复数 在……当中最…… The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 物主代词 + 最高级 + 名词 某人最……的 This is my best friend. 副词最高级前的 the 可省略 修饰动词时 He works (the) hardest in our group. （三）易错提醒 1. 用最高级时必须限定范围（in the world, in our class, of the three），否则读者不知道比的是哪一群。 2. one of 后面接复数名词：× one of the most useful plant √ one of the most useful plants。 3. 多音节词用 most，不能再加 -est：× beautifullest √ most beautiful。 4. 最高级前的 the 一般不省；只有“副词最高级 + 动词”时才可以省：He runs (the) fastest。 5. 两者比较用比较级，三者或三者以上才用最高级：× He is the tallest of the two boys. √ He is the taller of the two boys. 6. in 后接地点或范围（in the world），of / among 后接同类的人或物（of the three【常考】, among all animals）。 六、语法综合练 I. 单项选择 1. — Which is __________, the cheetah, the lion or the tiger? — The cheetah. A. fast B. faster C. the fastest 2. July is __________ month of the year in our city. A. hot B. the hottest C. hottest 3. Su Bingtian is one of __________ runners in China. A. the best B. best C. better 4. Of all the students in our class, Li Ming runs __________. A. faster B. fast C. fastest 5. This is __________ film I have ever seen. A. more interesting B. the most interesting C. most interesting II. 按要求改写句子 1. Tom runs faster than any other boy in his class.（用最高级改写） 2. The panda is more popular than any other animal in the zoo.（用最高级改写） 3. This is the most beautiful garden in our town.（用比较级改写） Part 3　Unit 5　What a Delicious Meal! 话题：食物与记忆 语法：感叹句（What / How）；可数名词与不可数名词 一、重点词块复习 （一）烹饪动作 词块 释义 ______________________ 把土豆切成块 __________ the tomatoes 把西红柿切碎 __________ the potatoes __________ they are soft 把土豆煮软 __________ the potatoes 把土豆捣成泥 __________ the eggs in a bowl 在碗里把鸡蛋打散 __________ the milk __________ the flour 把牛奶倒进面粉里 __________ the cake in the __________ 在烤箱里烤蛋糕 __________ some oil in a __________ 在平底锅里热些油 __________ for one minute 翻炒一分钟 __________ and __________ 加些盐和胡椒粉 __________ the bowl __________ soup 把碗里装满汤 （二）食材、分量与做法 词块 释义 a __________ of butter 一汤匙黄油 ______________________ milk 半杯牛奶 __________ bread 一片面包 __________ rice 一碗米饭 __________ sugar 一勺糖 a plate of __________ 一盘意大利面 __________, __________ and __________ 面粉、黄油和奶酪 the __________ of the dish 这道菜的食材 __________ eggs and sugar 鸡蛋和糖的混合物 __________ … __________ … __________ … __________ … __________ 首先……接下来……然后…… 那之后……最后 follow the __________ 按照说明操作 __________ 一个接一个地 __________ an hour 至少一个小时 __________ the pie __________ 把馅饼放回去 __________ the soup 把汤热一热 __________ the recipe 按照食谱 （三）食物与记忆 词块 释义 cooking is __________ 烹饪是看得见的爱 ______________________ 与他人分享爱 create __________ 创造回忆 __________ the room __________ sweetness 让房间充满甜香 __________ I smell cinnamon 每当我闻到肉桂的味道 __________ cooking 烹饪的诀窍 __________ our conversations 连同我们的谈话 learn from __________ 向其他文化学习 （四）熟词生义 词 常见义 本单元新义 / 新用法 heat n. 热；温度 v. 加热；变热（heat some oil） slice n. 薄片 v. 把……切成薄片（slice the bread） separate adj. 单独的；分开的 v. （使）分开（separate the eggs） host n. 主人 n. 寄宿家庭（a host family）；v. 主办 pretty adj. 漂亮的 adv. 相当；十分（pretty good） （五）重点词汇（教材课标重点词） 词 释义 词 释义 ______ 煮沸；烧开 ______ 出生；天生的 ______ 黄油 ______ 奶酪；干酪 ______ 主人；主办 ______ 用法说明；操作指南 ______ 最小；最少 ______ 脏乱；凌乱 ______ （使）混合 ______ 混合物 ______ 烤箱；烤炉 ______ 胡椒粉；菜椒 ______ 漂亮的；相当 ______ 诀窍；秘密 ______ 分开的；使分开 ______ 简单的；朴素的 （六）词形变化归纳 词形变化 释义 instruct (v.) → __________ (n.) 指导 → 用法说明 mix (v.) → __________ (n.) 混合 → 混合物 sweet (adj.) → __________ (n.) 甜的 → 甜；芬芳 host (n.) → __________ (n.) 主人 → 女主人 simple (adj.) → __________ (adv.) 简单的 → 仅仅；简单地 separate (adj.) → __________ (adv.) 分开的 → 分别地 bake (v.) → __________ (n.) 烘焙 → 烘焙师 salt (n.) → __________ (adj.) 盐 → 咸的 二、词块过关练 I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The __________ (sweet) of the pumpkin pie comes from the sugar and the cream. 2. My aunt is a famous __________ (bake) in our town, and her bread sells well. 3. Read the __________ (instruct) carefully before you start cooking. 4. The steps are written __________ (simple), so even a child can follow them. 5. Put the eggs and the sugar in a bowl and stir the __________ (mix) well. 6. The __________ (host) welcomed us with a big smile and a plate of biscuits. II. 根据汉语提示填入恰当的词块（每空可填一词或多词） 1. First, wash the potatoes and ______________________ (切成块). 2. Next, ______________________ (把牛奶倒进) the flour and stir well. 3. Then ______________________ (在烤箱里烤) for about forty minutes. 4. Let the pie cool for ______________________ (至少一个小时) before you cut it. 5. Put the ingredients into the bowl ______________________ (一个接一个地). 6. ______________________ (按照食谱), you need two eggs and a cup of milk. III. 从方框中选择恰当的词块填空（必要时改变形式，每个词块限用一次） warm up put … back cut up mix … with … fill … with … 1. __________ the onions before you put them into the pot. 2. __________ the eggs __________ the milk and stir them well. 3. Please __________ the soup for two minutes before you serve it. 4. The smell of cinnamon __________ the whole room __________ sweetness. 5. When you finish using the salt, __________ it __________ in the cupboard. 三、重点句型 （一）教材核心句 1. What an amazing smell (it is)! 2. How delicious the dish looks! 3. What a mess (it is)! 4. How clever you are! 5. What luck (we have)! 6. How wonderful life is! （二）功能句型（情景交际 / 看图写句常考） 功能 句型 询问做法 How do we make ...? / What should we do next? 询问用量 How much salt / milk do we need? / How many eggs do we need? 说明步骤 First, ... Next, ... Then, ... After that, ... Finally, ... 说明用量 a tablespoon of ... / half a cup of ... / a slice of ... 表达赞叹 What a / an + 形容词 + 名词 (+ 主谓)! / How + 形容词 / 副词 (+ 主谓)! 表达感受 It smells / tastes / looks ... 四、句型操练 I. 情景交际：根据对话内容，写出所缺的句子 1. A: ______________________________? B: First, wash the potatoes and cut them into pieces. 2. A: How much salt do we need? B: ______________________________. 3. A: ______________________________? B: Next, heat some oil in a pan and add the eggs. 4. A: ______________________________? B: My grandmother did. She gave me the recipe last year. II. 根据提示写句子 1. 这个派看起来很好吃！（写感叹句） 2. 首先把西红柿切成小块，然后加热锅里的油。 3. 多么美味的汤啊！我还能再喝一碗吗？ 五、重点语法：感叹句与可数、不可数名词 （一）感叹句的底层逻辑：把要感叹的部分提前 感叹句的底层逻辑是把要感叹的内容提前，这是我们在表达时的自然反应。比如，我们在路边看到一条非常可爱的狗，你会怎么说？一般我们说，哇，好可爱！或者哇，好可爱的狗！英文中的逻辑一样，只要把我们最想感叹的内容提到最前面，后面的主谓部分则根据具体情况来定保留还是省略： 陈述句：It is a cute dog.　/　The dog is cute. 感叹句：What a cute dog (it is)!　/　How cute (the dog is)! 下一个问题是引导词的选择：什么时候用 what，什么时候用 how。提前的是形容词或副词，用 how；提前的是名词或名词词组，用 what。 对照看： 被提前的部分 引导词 例句 形容词 amazing How How amazing the plant is! 副词 fast How How fast he runs! 名词词组 an amazing plant What What an amazing plant it is! 名词词组 beautiful flowers（复数） What What beautiful flowers (they are)! 特别提醒：a / an 是名词（词组）自带的，不是 what 带出来的，所以判断要不要 a / an，要看后面的名词（词组）。 （二）单选题解题技巧：先去主谓，再套口诀 单选题的题干是一个完整句子，空格后面往往还跟着主语和谓语，那些都是干扰。做题时先划掉它们，剩下的才是被感叹的部分；剩下什么，就照口诀判——How 形，What 名。 步骤 怎么做 例子 第一步　去主谓 划掉空格后面句子的主语和谓语 __________ delicious the soup tastes! 去掉 the soup tastes，只剩 delicious 第二步　套口诀 剩下形容词或副词用 How，剩下名词用 What 剩下 delicious，是形容词 → How delicious the soup is! What 再多一步 看这个名词要不要 a / an an amazing smell → What an amazing smell it is! （三）可数与不可数名词 类别 例词 量与修饰 可数（有复数） egg, tomato, potato, pancake, pie, bowl, spoon a / an, two eggs, many, a few, how many 不可数（无复数） soup, milk, flour, butter, cheese, salt, pepper, oil, sugar, bread some, much, a little, how much 借用量词表达数量 a bowl of rice / a slice of bread / a spoon of sugar / a tablespoon of butter / a piece of cake 复数加在量词上：two bowls of rice （四）易错提醒 1. 判断引导词只看被提前的那部分，别被后面的主谓带跑：× How a nice day! √ What a nice day! 2. a / an 由名词决定，不由 what 决定：× What amazing smell! √ What an amazing smell!（smell 是可数名词单数，本来就带 an） 3. 表示数量的短语变复数时，只把量词变复数：two slices of bread、three bowls of rice。 六、语法综合练 I. 单项选择 1. __________ delicious the soup tastes! A. What B. How C. What a 2. __________ amazing smell it is! I can't wait to taste it. A. What an B. What a C. How 3. There is only __________ milk in the fridge. Let's buy some this afternoon. A. a few B. a little C. many 4. — How __________ eggs do we need for the cake? — Two, please. A. many B. much C. long 5. __________ nice weather we have today! Let's go boating on the lake. A. What a B. How C. What II. 按要求改写句子 1. The soup is very delicious.（用 How 改为感叹句） 2. It is an amazing smell.（用 What 改为感叹句） 3. The pie is a wonderful surprise.（用 What 改为感叹句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $