Unit 3 Make it happen! 单元核心知识点精讲精练3(Developing ideas)-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（新教材外研版）

Unit 3 Make it happen! 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. on purpose 故意，有意 2. by accident 偶然，意外地 3. go on a holiday 去度假 4. encourage sb. to do... 鼓励某人做…… 5. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做…… 6. an invention exhibition 一场发明展 7. miss out 错过；错失机会 8. try to do... 尽力 / 设法做…… 9. electric light 电灯 10. thousands of 成千上万的 11. be curious about 对…… 感到好奇 12. drive sb. to do... 促使某人做…… 13. spend... doing... 花费（时间 / 金钱）做…… 14. star map 星图 15. earthquake detector 地动仪；地震检测仪 16. play an important role in 在…… 中发挥重要作用 17. be drawn to 被…… 吸引 18. fly a kite 放风筝 19. out of curiosity 出于好奇 20. lightning rod 避雷针 21. protect...from... 保护…… 免受…… 22. space exploration 太空探索 23. lose one’s life 丧生，失去生命 24. even though 虽然，尽管 25. lead to 导致；带来 26. later generations 后代，后人 27. stay curious 保持好奇心 2、 单元重点词汇解析 1. glue / gluː/ n. 胶水 v.粘贴 [词汇搭配] a tube of glue一管胶水；glue ...to/onto... 把...粘贴在...上；be glued to sth 全神贯注看着某物 [词汇例句] She glued a piece of paper onto the box.她把一张纸贴在箱子上。 Her eyes were glued to the screen. 她目不转睛地盯着屏幕。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The map is on the desk. Please ________ it on the wall. A．glue B．draw C．circle D．print 2. fail /feɪl/ v. 失败；未能（做到）；出故障，失灵 [词汇拓展] failure(n.)失败；failed(adj.)失败的；不成功的 [词汇搭配] fail to do...未能做成某事；fail an English exam英语考试不及格；without fail务必，一定 [词汇例句] He failed to keep his promise.他未能履约。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Music is power. When words ________, music speaks. A．fail B．survive C．explain D．succeed 3. curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/n. 好奇心 [词汇拓展] curious (adj.) 好奇的；求知欲强的；curiously(adv.)好奇地 [词汇搭配] people’s curiosity人们的好奇心；show curiosity about对...显露出好奇心 [词汇例句] They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。 [随学随练] His answer did not satisfy my curiosity at all.他的答复丝毫没有满足我的好奇心。 用curiosity的适当形式填空 (1) Once you understand them, you may become more  and interested in the new culture (2) He would keep his and adventurous spirit because he believed they could bring him more surprises! (3) ‘Are you really an artist?’ Sara asked . 4. once /wʌns/ adv.过去，曾经；一次 conj. 一旦，一...就 [词汇拓展] twice (adv.)两次，两倍 [词汇搭配] at once立即；马上；once more/again 再一次；once or twice一两次；几次 [词汇例句] I once met your mother. 我曾经见过你母亲。 Once you make a plan, you should stick to it. 一旦你制定一个计划，你就要坚持。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —________ do you clean your room? —Once a week. A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How far 5. talent /ˈtælənt/n. 天资，天赋，才能 [词汇拓展] talented(adj.)有天赋的；gift(n.)礼物，天赋 [词汇搭配] have a talent for...在...方面有天赋；a man of many talents多才多艺的男子 a great talent了不起的天才 [词汇例句] He showed a strong talent for math and science from an early age.他从小就展现出在数学和科学 方面的过人天赋。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What do you think of the speech contest last week, Kathy? —Well, it was a great success and it gave students a chance to show their ________. A．talent B．energy C．praise D．purpose 6. drive /draɪv/ v. 促使，促进；迫使；驾驶，开车；驾车送(人)；驱赶 n. 驱车旅行，驾车路程；冲劲，干 劲 [词汇拓展] <过去式>drove；<过去分词>driven；driver(n.)司机，驾驶员 [词汇搭配] drive sb. to do...促使某人做某事；drive sb. crazy/mad使某人发疯 drive sb. home开车送某人回家；drive away/off驾车离开；drive sb. away使离去；使不愿久留 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中drive的中文意思 (1) This strong curiosity drove him to spend years studying the sky and the earth. (2) I drove into town and went to a restaurant for dinner. (3) The farmer drove the sheep into a field. (4) Hunger drove her to steal. (5) His daughter Carly drove him to the train station. (6) He'll do very well─he has much drive. (7) It's a three-hour drive to London. 7. achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就 [词汇拓展] achieve (v.) 实现；取得；achievable (adj.) 可实现的 [词汇搭配] a great achievement 一项伟大的成就；make achievements 取得成就 [词汇例句] They were proud of their children's achievements.他们对孩子们的成绩感到自豪。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —I hear that Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon and brought back some rocks and soil. —Good news! China has made another great ________ in space. A．achievement B．situation C．challenge D．research 8. role /rəʊl/ n. 作用；职能；角色 [词汇搭配] play an important role in在...发挥重要作用；the leading role主角；role model榜样 [词汇例句] She refused to take on the traditional woman's role.她拒绝承担传统妇女的角色。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Computers play an important ________ in our daily life. We can’t live without them. A．item B．way C．role D．tool 9. development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n.进步，发展；壮大 [词汇拓展] develop (v.) 发展；开发； developed(adj.)发达的；成熟的；developing(adj.)发展中的 [词汇搭配] the development of... ...的发展 [词汇例句] With the development of technology, digital money is becoming more and more popular.随着技术 的发展，数字货币越来越受欢迎。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) With the ________ of technology, our life is becoming easier and faster. A．develop B．development C．developed D．developing (2) We all know China is a ________ country but Germany is a ________ country. A．developing; developing B．developed; developing C．developing; developed D．developed; developed 10. electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/n. 电 [词汇拓展] electric(adj.)电的；用电的；electrical(adj.)电的；用电的；electronic(adj.)电子的 [词汇搭配] a waste of electricity浪费电 [词汇例句] The electricity is off. 停电了。 [随学随练] We should protect our environment and save energy. For example, we can turn off the lights when we leave a room to save ________. A．water B．electricity C．paper D．food 11. during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ prep. 在……期间 [词汇搭配] during a storm在暴风雨期间；during the trip在旅行期间；during the night在夜间 [词汇例句] I use the Internet at work, during my lunch hour.我上班时在午餐时间使用互联网。 [词汇辨析] during / in / for / through · during指“在...期间”或“在...期间的某个时候”。 Are you going to return to your hometown during the summer holiday? 暑假期间你打算回你的家乡 吗？ · in表示“在...期间”，一般可与during互换使用，用in时往往强调某一动作发生在某一时间段中的某一时间点。 “in+时间段”还可以表示一段时间以后。 I'm getting forgetful in my old age. 我上了年纪，变得健忘了。 They’re leaving for Beijing in three days. 他们三天后离开去北京。 · for表示“持续多长时间”，可以用来回答how long的提问。 —Jack, How long can I keep your bike? 杰克，我能借你的自行车多久？ —For three weeks. 三个礼拜。 · through表示“自始至终，从头到尾”。 He will not live through the night.他活不过今天夜里了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) People use the Kongming Lantern ________ important days and _______ festivals. A．in; during B．on; during C．on; over D．during; at (2) Father brought his little boy to a concert(音乐会). But his too young to sit _______ the whole concert. A．for B．with C．during D．through 12. more /mɔː(r)/ adj. & pron. 更多(的) [词汇拓展] many/much (pron./adj.)许多(的)；most(pron./adj.)最多(的)；大多数 [词汇搭配] know more about...了解更多关于...(的知识或信息等) more than超过；不仅仅，不只是；非常，很；more and more越来越多的 more or less几乎；差不多；what is more 更有甚者；更为重要的是；此外 more...than...与其说...，不如说...；two more days=another two days更多的两天 [词汇用法] more than用法 · “more than+数词”表示“超过...，多于...”。 There are more than 300 people. 有超过300人。 · “more than+名词”表示“不只是，不仅仅”。 He is more than a teacher. 他不仅仅是一名老师。 · “more than+形容词/副词”表示“十分，非常”。 I'm more than happy to take you there in my car. 我非常乐意用我的车带你去那儿。 · “more than+从句”时，more是many/much的比较级，than引导一个比较状语从句，可省略谓语或主谓语。 He loves his dog than his mother (does). 他比他的妈妈更爱他的狗。 more...than... · “more...than...”用于比较，more是many和much的比较级，more修饰名词。 Tom has more books than David (does). 汤姆比大卫拥有更多的书。 · “more...than...”表示“与其说(是)...，倒不如说(是)...”，可以和形容词，名词，代词，动词，介词短语并用。 She is more a singer than an actress. 与其说她是个演员，不如说是个歌唱家。 He is more hard-working than clever. 与其说他聪明，不如说他很勤奋。 [随学随练] 用more翻译或补全下列句子。 (1) 越来越多的外国人对中国文化感兴趣。 foreigners become Chinese culture. (2) 我们将在北京再多待三天。 We’ll stay in Beijing for . (3) 超过20名学生想要加入戏剧社团。 (4) 此外，上课认真听讲是非常重要的。 (5) 我很高兴再次见到你。 (6) 与其说他是个厨师，不如说他是个艺术家。 13. lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/n. 闪电 [词汇拓展] thunder(n.)雷；雷声；(v.)打雷 [词汇搭配] lightning rod 避雷针；a flash of lightning 一道闪电；like lightning闪电般；飞快地 [词汇例句] Lightning and volcanoes can lead to wildfires.闪电和火山会导致野火。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Didn’t you notice the ________? It is dangerous to stay under the tree. —I won’t do that again. Sometimes it hits a tree and causes a fire too. A．lightning B．thunder C．snowstorm D．flood 14. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə/n. 先驱，先锋，创始人 [词汇搭配] a computer pioneer计算机方面的先驱；young pioneer少先队员 [词汇例句] A group of pioneers decided to take action first. 一群先驱者决定先采取行动。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What do you think of Zheng He? —He is a great ________ in cultural communication between different areas. A．postman B．volunteer C．reporter D．pioneer 15. exploration/ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/n. 探索；探险；勘探；勘查 [词汇拓展] explore(v.)探索；explorer(n.)探险家 [词汇搭配] space exploration 太空探索；scientific exploration 科学探索 [词汇例句] The exploration of the universe never stops. 对宇宙的探索从未停止。 [随学随练] 用适当形式填空 (1) By ________(explore) the ancient villages in southern Anhui, you can learn about the special Hui culture. (2) The ________ (explore) spent two years traveling through the rainforest and recording rare plants. (3) The ________ (explore) of the deep sea is a very exciting scientific activity. 16. test /test/ v. 试验，检验 n.检查；测验 [词汇拓展] testing(n.)测验；检查 (adj.)难对付的，考验人的 [词汇搭配] take/do a test 参加测验；pass/fail a test 通过/没有通过测验；blood test验血 stand the test of time经得住时间的考验；test sb. on sth.就...测验某人 [词汇例句] To save his people, Shennong decided to test different wild plants by himself. 为了拯救他的族人，神农决定亲自检查不同的野生植物。 [随学随练] 用test相关表达补全句子 (1) Lily was sad because she ____________ (没有通过测验) last week—she didn’t practice enough grammar. (2) Our English teacher often ____________ (就…… 测验我们) new words and expressions after each lesson. (3) We will ____________ (参加测验) on Unit 3 next Monday, so everyone should review carefully. (4) Tom studied very hard for the math exam, so he was happy to ____________ (通过测验) easily. (5) This classic novel has been popular for over 100 years—it really ____________ (经得住时间的考验) 17. later /ˈleɪtə(r)/ adj.以后的 adv. 后来；以后 [词汇拓展] late(adj./adv.)迟的(地)，晚的(地) [词汇搭配] a later date 以后的某个日期；sooner or later迟早；早晚有一天 later on后来；以后；随后；not/no later than…不晚于…；不迟于… [词汇例句] His father died later that year. 那年晚些时候他的父亲去世了。 This is discussed in more detail in a later chapter.在后面的一章中对这一点作了更详细 的讨论。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —The driver arrived _________ and brought us a lot of trouble. —I’m sorry to hear that. I will tell our leader his problem _________. A．lately; later B．later; late C．late; lately D．late; later 18. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n.一代(人) [词汇搭配] later generations后代；the younger/older generation 年轻的一代/老一辈 [词汇例句] My generation have grown up without the experience of a world war.我这一代人在成长 过程中没有经历过世界大战。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Future ________ will thank you for what you’ve done for the environment. A．generations B．elements C．characters D．customs 3、 重难句型解析 1. (教材原句)He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. 他被电深深吸引，对电的本质怀有强烈的好奇心。 · be drawn to...表示“被……吸引”,draw本意为“拉，吸引”，此处是被动语态的表达。 · have a deep curiosity about… 表示“对…怀有浓厚的好奇心”。 · nature在此句中表示“本质、性质”。 2. (教材原句)He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”！他对太空如此好奇，以至于发明了一把 “飞天椅”！ 此句中so...that...引导一个结果状语从句，so后跟形容词或副词。 3. (教材原句)But sadly he lost his life when he tested his invention. 但遗憾的是，他在测试这项发明时失去了生命。 此句中when引导一个表示过去时间的时间状语从句。 4. (教材原句)Even though his curiosity didn’t lead to success, his idea gave later generations the courage to keep exploring space.尽管他的好奇心没有带来成功，但他的想法给了后人继续探索太空的勇气。 · even though意为“虽然，即使”，引导一个让步状语从句。 · lead to意为“导致，促成”，to为介词，其后跟名词或动名词作宾语。 5. (教材原句)Curiosity works like a key. It opens new doors for us to learn and discover. 好奇心就像一把钥匙。它为我们打开学习和发现的新大门。 这一句把好奇心比作一把钥匙，说明了它的重要作用。第二句中 opens new doors 指的是好奇心会带来 新的机会或可能性。这两句话使用了比喻的修辞手法，表达了好奇心能够帮助我们开启获取知识和探索 世界的大门。 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The Amazon Rainforest shows the power of natural ________ (发展) over millions of years. (2) ________ (在……期间) the summer holiday, we visited many interesting places. (3) He is a ________ (先驱) in the field of new energy. (4) Our students will continue on the road of scientific e________ (探索). (5) We need to ________ (检验) the new product for safety before going on sale. (6) Everyone can ________ ________ ________ (起作用) in protecting the natural world. (7) There is some g__________ (胶水) in the bottle. (8) Daniel ________ (曾经) visited many palaces in Beijing. (9) What d_________ (促使) him to explore the unknown world is his endless curiosity. (10) Unluckily, the e________ (电) went off, leaving us in complete darkness. (11) We ran inside when we saw the ________ (闪电). (12) A few days ________ (以后), he came back. (13) It’s a tradition in his family to pass down the heirloom from one ________ (一代) to the next. (14) It’s normal for some people to ________ (失败) to keep their resolutions. (15) My little brother has a strong ________ (好奇心) about all the unusual natural wonders in the world. (16) The young man has a real ________ (天赋; 才能) for playing football. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) There is _______ rain this spring than last one. (much) (2) Could you please tell me who is the ________ (invent) of this new machine？ (3) If you are brave enough to face ________ (fail), you will be closer to your dream. (4) The old man failed ________ (get) to the top of the hill at last. (5) The boy is ________ (curiosity) about animals. (6) Mike is a ________ musician who can play several instruments beautifully. (talent) (7) The loud noise from the street almost ________ (drive) him crazy last night. (8) The fire alarm drove everyone ________ (leave) the building quickly. (9) Betty never spends her free time ________ (play) computer games. (10) The China Space Station has made great ________ (achieve) in recent years. (11) Although China’s ________ is fast, it is a ________ country. To make China a ________ country, it’s necessary for us to ________ agriculture (农业) and industry quickly. (develop) (12) We all love to ________ new places. When we ________ a forest or a city, we find new things. ________ are brave people who go to unknown places. They discover new lands and cultures. ________ helps us learn about the world and ourselves. (explore) 3. 单项填空。 (1) —Why was Ms. Lin so angry with Kevin? —Because he broke the window _________. It wasn’t an accident. A．on purpose B．at once C．in case of D．by accident (2) David left the school pop group. Then I took over his ________ as lead singer. A．form B．farm C．role D．tool (3) —The Three Gorges Dam can produce ________ for lots of people. —Sounds great! A．wound B．pioneer C．electricity D．decision (4) —Dad, don’t watch your phone in the dark. Or your eyesight will ________. —OK. I’ll turn on the light. A．rise B．disappear C．fail D．rush (5) The child’s ________ about how birds fly made her read many books on science. A．curiosity B．dislike C．habit D．interest (6) —Your sister is so good at the piano! —Yes. She has a good ________ for it and she practices it often. A．talent B．symbol C．worry D．language (7) —Why did you make the decision to change your job? —The unfair rules set by my boss ________ me to do so. A．spared B．drove C．allowed D．advised (8) Qian Xuesen was a famous scientist in the world and he was also a national hero of China. He was famous for his ________ in physics. A．independent B．development C．achievements D．argument (9) —I hear the team will set off for the mountain tomorrow. Could you tell me what their main task is? —The main task is the ________ of the ancient rocks that few people have visited before. A．invention B．conclusion C．exploration D．discussion (10) The engineers are working hard to ________ the new learning App before they put it into use. A．test B．hit C．roll D．push 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 阅读理解 A Becoming an inventor sounds really cool, right? It seems that it is a great ambition. Maybe you don’t have any ideas to make it come true. But don’t give up so quickly! You can follow the following steps and have a try. First of all, come up with a great idea. Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What troubles you and how could you fix it? Also, you can ask your friends or family about daily problems. The problems don’t need to be new. You just need to think in a creative way. Next, it’s time to express your idea. You can express your idea by drawing. Remember to draw it with a pencil so you can erase mistakes. Then, you can explain your idea to your friends. Don’t be shy to talk about it. They can help you improve your work. Then, prepare for making your invention. It means you need to get everything ready first. For example, you should collect (收集) all the materials and tools. It’s important to collect some information about these tools. More importantly, you need to let your parents work with you. It will protect you from some risks. Now, you have finished making your first invention! However, this is not the end. To make your invention better, you may need to test it thousands of times and improve it again and again. Come on, young inventor! 1．What does the underlined word “ambition” mean in Paragraph 1? A．A strong wish to do something great. B．A fear for the future. C．A feeling of being angry. D．A plan to become famous quickly. 2．What is the first step to be a young inventor? A．Test the invention many times. B．Come up with a creative idea. C．Draw pictures carefully with pens. D．Collect tools and materials. 3．Why is it important to let parents work with you when making inventions? A．Because parents are good at drawing. B．Because parents can give you more ideas. C．Because parents can protect you from risks. D．Because parents can buy materials for you. 4．In which unit of a textbook can we probably find the text? A．Unit 1 Outdoor Fun B．Unit 2 After-school Activities C．Unit 3 Dream Jobs D．Unit 4 Smart Learning B A Teenager’s Invention to Fight Desertification Jia Mingxuan is a 14-year-old boy from Inner Mongolia, China. He has invented a special tool to help young trees survive in dry and windy areas. His invention won a gold medal at the 77th Nuremberg International Invention Exhibition (iENA) in Germany in 2025. Jia lives in Chifeng, a place in Inner Mongolia. His hometown is part of China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, the world’s largest afforestation (植树造林) project. When Jia was young, he often watched his grandfather plant trees. But many young trees died because there was not enough water. “I wanted to do something to help,” Jia said. One evening, he saw steam (水蒸气) condensing into water drops on the wall in his kitchen. He remembered a physics lesson and had an idea. He asked himself, “Could I use the same principle to collect water for young trees?” Jia began to design a device (装置) using simple materials like steel tubes and recycled plastic bottles. After many tries, he finally made an automated planting tool. The tool can collect water from the air and water the young trees automatically. It can also protect the trees from strong winds. Jia’s invention is not only creative but also practical. It uses basic physics to solve a real-world problem. “I hope my invention can help more trees grow in dry areas,” Jia said. “I will keep working on it to make it better.” 1．Where is Jia Mingxuan from? A．Beijing. B．Inner Mongolia. C．Shanghai. D．Guangdong. 2．What problem did Jia want to solve? A．How to make more plastic bottles. B．How to help young trees survive in dry areas. C．How to build a better school. D．How to win an invention competition. 3．What gave Jia the idea for his invention? A．A TV programme. B．A science book. C．Steam condensing into water drops. D．His teacher’s advice. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about Jia’s invention? A．It is made of expensive materials. B．It can only collect water from rivers. C．It can water young trees automatically. D．It was made in a factory. 2. 任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life. But in fact, almost everyone can invent something and ideas could be the start of an invention. When inventors see their ideas have some practical value, they don’t let them slip away (溜走). For example, the inventor of the dishwasher (洗碗机), American Josephine Cochrane, loved to give dinner parties. But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand. She thought that a machine could do the job faster and with fewer mistakes. So, in 1886, she set out to make one for herself. There are some steps to create inventions. The first and most important step is to find the problem. Then you might notice situations or things in need of improvement. The next step is to work it out. An invention is a new way of solving a problem. So think of unusual ways. You can often come up with a solution to a problem by looking at it from a different side. And the hardest part of inventing is finding a solution. When you have an idea, you can always get help to build your invention. This problem-solving skill is very useful. It can also work in your everyday lives. So, why not try it in your study, or even in the way you look at the world? 1．What does “them” refer to in paragraph 1? 2．When did Josephine Cochrane start to make the dishwasher for herself? 3．What is the first and most important step to create inventions? 4．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 5．What is the hardest part of inventing? 3. 完形填空 Curiosity is often called the “engine of progress”. It drives humans to explore, discover, and create. From ancient times to the present, curious minds have 1 the world we live in today. When Isaac Newton saw an apple fall from a tree, he didn’t ignore it. Instead, he felt 2 and asked, “Why does it fall down?” This question led him to develop the theory of gravity. Similarly, Archimedes was curious about the water rising when he got into a bath. His 3 led to the discovery of buoyancy (浮力), which is still used in physics today. In daily life, curiosity helps us learn better. A 2014 study 4 that curious people remember information 30% better than others. This is because curiosity makes the brain more open to new knowledge. For students, staying curious can 5 them to ask more questions and find answers on their own. Curiosity also brings joy. Think about how a child 6 hours playing with a toy to figure out how it works. That joy of finding is the same feeling scientists get when they make a new discovery. Moreover, it’s a 7 that keeps us going even when things are difficult. However, curiosity isn’t just for great scientists. It’s for everyone. Whether you’re 8 about how a phone works or why stars twinkle, asking “why” is the first step to learning. As the saying goes, “The important thing is not to stop 9 .” So, let’s keep our curious minds alive. Ask questions, do experiments, and never be afraid to explore. You never know what amazing things you might 10 or how your curiosity could change the world. 1．A．changed B．broken C．returned D．copied 2．A．angry B．curious C．sleepy D．proud 3．A．fear B．curiosity C．sadness D．happiness 4．A．proved B．refused C．imagined D．guessed 5．A．warn B．encourage C．stop D．prevent 6．A．spends B．wastes C．misses D．saves 7．A．force B．problem C．mistake D．secret 8．A．bored B．tired C．curious D．nervous 9．A．playing B．asking C．eating D．sleeping 10．A．destroy B．invent C．weigh D．taste 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Make it happen! 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. on purpose 故意，有意 2. by accident 偶然，意外地 3. go on a holiday 去度假 4. encourage sb. to do... 鼓励某人做…… 5. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做…… 6. an invention exhibition 一场发明展 7. miss out 错过；错失机会 8. try to do... 尽力 / 设法做…… 9. electric light 电灯 10. thousands of 成千上万的 11. be curious about 对…… 感到好奇 12. drive sb. to do... 促使某人做…… 13. spend... doing... 花费（时间 / 金钱）做…… 14. star map 星图 15. earthquake detector 地动仪；地震检测仪 16. play an important role in 在…… 中发挥重要作用 17. be drawn to 被…… 吸引 18. fly a kite 放风筝 19. out of curiosity 出于好奇 20. lightning rod 避雷针 21. protect...from... 保护…… 免受…… 22. space exploration 太空探索 23. lose one’s life 丧生，失去生命 24. even though 虽然，尽管 25. lead to 导致；带来 26. later generations 后代，后人 27. stay curious 保持好奇心 2、 单元重点词汇解析 1. glue / gluː/ n. 胶水 v.粘贴 [词汇搭配] a tube of glue一管胶水；glue ...to/onto... 把...粘贴在...上；be glued to sth 全神贯注看着某物 [词汇例句] She glued a piece of paper onto the box.她把一张纸贴在箱子上。 Her eyes were glued to the screen. 她目不转睛地盯着屏幕。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The map is on the desk. Please ________ it on the wall. A．glue B．draw C．circle D．print 【答案】A 【详解】句意：地图在桌子上。请把它粘在墙上。 考查动词辨析。glue粘贴；draw画；circle圈出；print打印。根据“The map is on the desk. Please...it on the wall.”可知是把地图粘在墙上。故选A。 2. fail /feɪl/ v. 失败；未能（做到）；出故障，失灵 [词汇拓展] failure(n.)失败；failed(adj.)失败的；不成功的 [词汇搭配] fail to do...未能做成某事；fail an English exam英语考试不及格；without fail务必，一定 [词汇例句] He failed to keep his promise.他未能履约。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Music is power. When words ________, music speaks. A．fail B．survive C．explain D．succeed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：音乐就是力量。当语言失效时，音乐开始诉说。 考查动词辨析。fail失败；survive幸存；explain解释；succeed成功。根据“Music is power”以及“music speaks”可知，这里说的是言语不起作用的时候，音乐发挥作用，所以用“fail”。故选A。 3. curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/n. 好奇心 [词汇拓展] curious (adj.) 好奇的；求知欲强的；curiously(adv.)好奇地 [词汇搭配] people’s curiosity人们的好奇心；show curiosity about对...显露出好奇心 [词汇例句] They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。 [随学随练] His answer did not satisfy my curiosity at all.他的答复丝毫没有满足我的好奇心。 用curiosity的适当形式填空 (1) Once you understand them, you may become more curious and interested in the new culture (2) He would keep his curiosity and adventurous spirit because he believed they could bring him more surprises! (3) ‘Are you really an artist?’ Sara asked curiously. 4. once /wʌns/ adv.过去，曾经；一次 conj. 一旦，一...就 [词汇拓展] twice (adv.)两次，两倍 [词汇搭配] at once立即；马上；once more/again 再一次；once or twice一两次；几次 [词汇例句] I once met your mother. 我曾经见过你母亲。 Once you make a plan, you should stick to it. 一旦你制定一个计划，你就要坚持。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —________ do you clean your room? —Once a week. A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How far 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你多久打扫房间？——一周一次。 How long多久；How soon多久以后；How often多久一次；How far多远。根据答语“Once a week”可知，此处是对频率进行提问，应用疑问词组how often。 5. talent /ˈtælənt/n. 天资，天赋，才能 [词汇拓展] talented(adj.)有天赋的；gift(n.)礼物，天赋 [词汇搭配] have a talent for...在...方面有天赋；a man of many talents多才多艺的男子 a great talent了不起的天才 [词汇例句] He showed a strong talent for math and science from an early age.他从小就展现出在数学和科学 方面的过人天赋。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What do you think of the speech contest last week, Kathy? —Well, it was a great success and it gave students a chance to show their ________. A．talent B．energy C．praise D．purpose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——凯西，你觉得上周的演讲比赛怎么样？——嗯，它非常成功，并且给了学生们一个机会来展示他们的才能。 考查名词辨析。talent才能；energy精力；praise赞扬；purpose目的。根据“演讲比赛”的语境，学生需要展示的是个人能力或天赋。故选A。 6. drive /draɪv/ v. 促使，促进；迫使；驾驶，开车；驾车送(人)；驱赶 n. 驱车旅行，驾车路程；冲劲，干 劲 [词汇拓展] <过去式>drove；<过去分词>driven；driver(n.)司机，驾驶员 [词汇搭配] drive sb. to do...促使某人做某事；drive sb. crazy/mad使某人发疯 drive sb. home开车送某人回家；drive away/off驾车离开；drive sb. away使离去；使不愿久留 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中drive的中文意思 (1) This strong curiosity drove him to spend years studying the sky and the earth. (v.)促使，促进 (2) I drove into town and went to a restaurant for dinner. (v.)驾驶，开车 (3) The farmer drove the sheep into a field. (v.)驱赶 (4) Hunger drove her to steal. (v.)迫使 (5) His daughter Carly drove him to the train station. (v.)驾车送(人) (6) He'll do very well─he has much drive. (n.)冲劲，干劲 (7) It's a three-hour drive to London. (n.)驾车路程 7. achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就 [词汇拓展] achieve (v.) 实现；取得；achievable (adj.) 可实现的 [词汇搭配] a great achievement 一项伟大的成就；make achievements 取得成就 [词汇例句] They were proud of their children's achievements.他们对孩子们的成绩感到自豪。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —I hear that Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon and brought back some rocks and soil. —Good news! China has made another great ________ in space. A．achievement B．situation C．challenge D．research 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我听说嫦娥六号在月球背面着陆并带回了一些岩石和土壤。——好消息！中国在太空领域取得了一项伟大成就。 考查名词辨析。achievement成就；situation情形；challenge挑战；research研究。根据“I hear that Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon and brought back some rocks and soil.”以及“China has made another great...in space.”可知，嫦娥六号从月球带回了一些岩石和土壤，这是一项伟大成就。make a great achievement意为 “取得了伟大成就”，符合语境。故选A。 8. role /rəʊl/ n. 作用；职能；角色 [词汇搭配] play an important role in在...发挥重要作用；the leading role主角；role model榜样 [词汇例句] She refused to take on the traditional woman's role.她拒绝承担传统妇女的角色。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Computers play an important ________ in our daily life. We can’t live without them. A．item B．way C．role D．tool 【答案】C 【详解】句意：电脑在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。我们离不开它们。 item物品；way方式；role角色/作用；tool工具。固定搭配“play an important role in”意为“在……中扮演重要角色/起重要作用”，符合句意，应填role。 9. development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n.进步，发展；壮大 [词汇拓展] develop (v.) 发展；开发； developed(adj.)发达的；成熟的；developing(adj.)发展中的 [词汇搭配] the development of... ...的发展 [词汇例句] With the development of technology, digital money is becoming more and more popular.随着技术 的发展，数字货币越来越受欢迎。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) With the ________ of technology, our life is becoming easier and faster. A．develop B．development C．developed D．developing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着技术的发展，我们的生活正变得越来越轻松、快速。 根据“With the…of technology”可知，此处是“with the development of…”结构，意为“随着……的发展”，故选B。 (2) We all know China is a ________ country but Germany is a ________ country. A．developing; developing B．developed; developing C．developing; developed D．developed; developed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们都知道中国是一个发展中国家，而德国是一个发达国家。 考查形容词辨析。developing发展中的；developed发达的。根据常识可知，中国是发展中国家，德国是发达国家。故选C。 10. electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/n. 电 [词汇拓展] electric(adj.)电的；用电的；electrical(adj.)电的；用电的；electronic(adj.)电子的 [词汇搭配] a waste of electricity浪费电 [词汇例句] The electricity is off. 停电了。 [随学随练] We should protect our environment and save energy. For example, we can turn off the lights when we leave a room to save ________. A．water B．electricity C．paper D．food 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该保护环境并节约能源。例如，我们离开房间时可以关灯以节约用电。 考查名词辨析。water水；electricity电；paper纸；food食物。根据“we can turn off the lights when we leave a room”可知，关灯的目的是为了节约电。故选B。 11. during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ prep. 在……期间 [词汇搭配] during a storm在暴风雨期间；during the trip在旅行期间；during the night在夜间 [词汇例句] I use the Internet at work, during my lunch hour.我上班时在午餐时间使用互联网。 [词汇辨析] during / in / for / through · during指“在...期间”或“在...期间的某个时候”。 Are you going to return to your hometown during the summer holiday? 暑假期间你打算回你的家乡 吗？ · in表示“在...期间”，一般可与during互换使用，用in时往往强调某一动作发生在某一时间段中的某一时间点。 “in+时间段”还可以表示一段时间以后。 I'm getting forgetful in my old age. 我上了年纪，变得健忘了。 They’re leaving for Beijing in three days. 他们三天后离开去北京。 · for表示“持续多长时间”，可以用来回答how long的提问。 —Jack, How long can I keep your bike? 杰克，我能借你的自行车多久？ —For three weeks. 三个礼拜。 · through表示“自始至终，从头到尾”。 He will not live through the night.他活不过今天夜里了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) People use the Kongming Lantern ________ important days and _______ festivals. A．in; during B．on; during C．on; over D．during; at 【答案】B 【详解】句意:人们在重要的日子和节日里使用孔明灯。 考查介词。in用于年、月、季节等泛指的时间前;on用于具体的某一天前;during在.….期间;over越过;at用于具体的钟点前;结合"important days”可知，第一空应用介词on修饰，表示"在.…的日子里”，排除A/D选项;结合“festivals”可知，第二空指的是"在节日期间”，应用介词during，故选B。 (2) Father brought his little boy to a concert(音乐会). But his too young to sit _______ the whole concert. A．for B．with C．during D．through 【答案】D 【详解】句意：父亲带着他的小儿子去听音乐会，但他太小了，不能一直挺到整场音乐会结束。for 为了；with和；during在……期间；through穿过；sit  through the whole concert一直听到结束，耐着性子看完（或听完）；故选D。 12. more /mɔː(r)/ adj. & pron. 更多(的) [词汇拓展] many/much (pron./adj.)许多(的)；most(pron./adj.)最多(的)；大多数 [词汇搭配] know more about...了解更多关于...(的知识或信息等) more than超过；不仅仅，不只是；非常，很；more and more越来越多的 more or less几乎；差不多；what is more 更有甚者；更为重要的是；此外 more...than...与其说...，不如说...；two more days=another two days更多的两天 [词汇用法] more than用法 · “more than+数词”表示“超过...，多于...”。 There are more than 300 people. 有超过300人。 · “more than+名词”表示“不只是，不仅仅”。 He is more than a teacher. 他不仅仅是一名老师。 · “more than+形容词/副词”表示“十分，非常”。 I'm more than happy to take you there in my car. 我非常乐意用我的车带你去那儿。 · “more than+从句”时，more是many/much的比较级，than引导一个比较状语从句，可省略谓语或主谓语。 He loves his dog than his mother (does). 他比他的妈妈更爱他的狗。 more...than... · “more...than...”用于比较，more是many和much的比较级，more修饰名词。 Tom has more books than David (does). 汤姆比大卫拥有更多的书。 · “more...than...”表示“与其说(是)...，倒不如说(是)...”，可以和形容词，名词，代词，动词，介词短语并用。 She is more a singer than an actress. 与其说她是个演员，不如说是个歌唱家。 He is more hard-working than clever. 与其说他聪明，不如说他很勤奋。 [随学随练] 用more翻译或补全下列句子。 (1) 越来越多的外国人对中国文化感兴趣。 More and more foreigners become interested in Chinese culture. (2) 我们将在北京再多待三天。 We’ll stay in Beijing for three more days. (3) 超过20名学生想要加入戏剧社团。 More than 20 students want to join the drama club. (4) 此外，上课认真听讲是非常重要的。 What’s more ,listening carefully in class in very important. (5) 我很高兴再次见到你。 I’m more than glad to meet you again. (6) 与其说他是个厨师，不如说他是个艺术家。 He is more an artist than a cook. 13. lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/n. 闪电 [词汇拓展] thunder(n.)雷；雷声；(v.)打雷 [词汇搭配] lightning rod 避雷针；a flash of lightning 一道闪电；like lightning闪电般；飞快地 [词汇例句] Lightning and volcanoes can lead to wildfires.闪电和火山会导致野火。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Didn’t you notice the ________? It is dangerous to stay under the tree. —I won’t do that again. Sometimes it hits a tree and causes a fire too. A．lightning B．thunder C．snowstorm D．flood 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你没注意到闪电吗？待在树下很危险。——我不会再那样做了。有时它击中树木还会引发火灾。   lightning闪电；thunder雷声；snowstorm暴风雪；flood洪水。根据后句“It is dangerous to stay under the tree”及“hits a tree and causes a fire”可知，能击中树木并引发火灾的是闪电，应填lightning。 14. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə/n. 先驱，先锋，创始人 [词汇搭配] a computer pioneer计算机方面的先驱；young pioneer少先队员 [词汇例句] A group of pioneers decided to take action first. 一群先驱者决定先采取行动。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What do you think of Zheng He? —He is a great ________ in cultural communication between different areas. A．postman B．volunteer C．reporter D．pioneer 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认为郑和怎么样？——他是一位不同地区之间文化交流的伟大先驱。 考查名词辨析。postman邮递员；volunteer志愿者；reporter记者；pioneer先驱。根据历史常识可知，郑和七下西洋，促进了不同地区的文化交流，因此他应是文化交流的“先驱”。故选D。 15. exploration/ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/n. 探索；探险；勘探；勘查 [词汇拓展] explore(v.)探索；explorer(n.)探险家 [词汇搭配] space exploration 太空探索；scientific exploration 科学探索 [词汇例句] The exploration of the universe never stops. 对宇宙的探索从未停止。 [随学随练] 用适当形式填空 (1) By ________(explore) the ancient villages in southern Anhui, you can learn about the special Hui culture. 【答案】exploring 【详解】句意：通过探索皖南的古村落，你可以了解独特的徽州文化。explore“探索”，为动词。介词By后接动名词作宾语，表示“通过做某事”，故填exploring。 (2) The ________ (explore) spent two years traveling through the rainforest and recording rare plants. 【答案】explorer/explorers 【详解】句意：这位/这些探险家花了两年时间穿越雨林并记录珍稀植物。“The”后接名词作主语，“explore”是动词“探索”，其名词形式“explorer”表示“探险家”，此处谓语动词是过去式，名词单数形式explorer或复数形式explorers都符合语境。故填explorer/explorers。 (3) The ________ (explore) of the deep sea is a very exciting scientific activity. 【答案】exploration 【详解】句意：深海探索是一项非常激动人心的科学活动。句中The后需要接名词作句子主语，括号内explore是动词，意为“探索”，其名词形式为exploration，故填exploration。 16. test /test/ v. 试验，检验 n.检查；测验 [词汇拓展] testing(n.)测验；检查 (adj.)难对付的，考验人的 [词汇搭配] take/do a test 参加测验；pass/fail a test 通过/没有通过测验；blood test验血 stand the test of time经得住时间的考验；test sb. on sth.就...测验某人 [词汇例句] To save his people, Shennong decided to test different wild plants by himself. 为了拯救他的族人，神农决定亲自检查不同的野生植物。 [随学随练] 用test相关表达补全句子 (1) Lily was sad because she ____________ (没有通过测验) last week—she didn’t practice enough grammar. (2) Our English teacher often ____________ (就…… 测验我们) new words and expressions after each lesson. (3) We will ____________ (参加测验) on Unit 3 next Monday, so everyone should review carefully. (4) Tom studied very hard for the math exam, so he was happy to ____________ (通过测验) easily. (5) This classic novel has been popular for over 100 years—it really ____________ (经得住时间的考验) 【答案】failed the test；tests us on；take a test/do a test；pass the test；stand the test of time 17. later /ˈleɪtə(r)/ adj.以后的 adv. 后来；以后 [词汇拓展] late(adj./adv.)迟的(地)，晚的(地) [词汇搭配] a later date 以后的某个日期；sooner or later迟早；早晚有一天 later on后来；以后；随后；not/no later than…不晚于…；不迟于… [词汇例句] His father died later that year. 那年晚些时候他的父亲去世了。 This is discussed in more detail in a later chapter.在后面的一章中对这一点作了更详细 的讨论。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —The driver arrived _________ and brought us a lot of trouble. —I’m sorry to hear that. I will tell our leader his problem _________. A．lately; later B．later; late C．late; lately D．late; later 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——司机来晚了，给我们带来了很多麻烦。——听到这个消息我很抱歉。稍后我会告诉我们的领导他的问题。 考查副词辨析。lately最近；later稍后；late晚地。根据“The driver arrived...and brought us a lot of trouble”可知，第一空表示司机来晚了，故第一空填late。根据“I will tell our leader his problem...”可知，这是一个一般将来时结构的句子，第二空应填later作时间状语。故选D。 18. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n.一代(人) [词汇搭配] later generations后代；the younger/older generation 年轻的一代/老一辈 [词汇例句] My generation have grown up without the experience of a world war.我这一代人在成长 过程中没有经历过世界大战。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Future ________ will thank you for what you’ve done for the environment. A．generations B．elements C．characters D．customs 【答案】A 【详解】句意：未来的几代人会感谢你为环境所做的一切。 考查名词辨析。generations几代人；elements元素；characters角色；customs习俗。根据“Future…thank you for what you've done for the environment”可知，是未来的几代人会因对环境的贡献而感谢，“generations”符合语境。故选A。 3、 重难句型解析 1. (教材原句)He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. 他被电深深吸引，对电的本质怀有强烈的好奇心。 · be drawn to...表示“被……吸引”,draw本意为“拉，吸引”，此处是被动语态的表达。 · have a deep curiosity about… 表示“对…怀有浓厚的好奇心”。 · nature在此句中表示“本质、性质”。 2. (教材原句)He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”！他对太空如此好奇，以至于发明了一把 “飞天椅”！ 此句中so...that...引导一个结果状语从句，so后跟形容词或副词。 3. (教材原句)But sadly he lost his life when he tested his invention. 但遗憾的是，他在测试这项发明时失去了生命。 此句中when引导一个表示过去时间的时间状语从句。 4. (教材原句)Even though his curiosity didn’t lead to success, his idea gave later generations the courage to keep exploring space.尽管他的好奇心没有带来成功，但他的想法给了后人继续探索太空的勇气。 · even though意为“虽然，即使”，引导一个让步状语从句。 · lead to意为“导致，促成”，to为介词，其后跟名词或动名词作宾语。 5. (教材原句)Curiosity works like a key. It opens new doors for us to learn and discover. 好奇心就像一把钥匙。它为我们打开学习和发现的新大门。 这一句把好奇心比作一把钥匙，说明了它的重要作用。第二句中 opens new doors 指的是好奇心会带来 新的机会或可能性。这两句话使用了比喻的修辞手法，表达了好奇心能够帮助我们开启获取知识和探索 世界的大门。 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The Amazon Rainforest shows the power of natural ________ (发展) over millions of years. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：亚马逊雨林展现了数百万年来自然发展的力量。natural是形容词，后面需要接名词。“发展”对应的英文名词是development，natural development表示“自然发展”，所以此处应填development。 (2) ________ (在……期间) the summer holiday, we visited many interesting places. 【答案】During 【详解】句意：在暑假期间，我们参观了许多有趣的地方。所给中文提示“在……期间”，对应的单词是during。during是介词，后接名词短语作时间状语。 (3) He is a ________ (先驱) in the field of new energy. 【答案】pioneer 【详解】句意：他是新能源领域的一位先驱。“先驱”的英文单词为pioneer，空前有不定冠词a，后面要接可数名词单数。 (4) Our students will continue on the road of scientific e________ (探索). 【答案】exploration/xploration 【详解】句意：我们的学生将继续走在科学探索的道路上。形容词scientific后面需要接名词，exploration表示“探索”，因此填exploration。 (5) We need to ________ (检验) the new product for safety before going on sale. 【答案】test 【详解】句意：我们需要在新产品上市前对其安全性进行检验。根据中文提示，此处用动词test“检测，检验”；根据“need to do sth需要做某事”可知，此处用test的原形。故填test。 (6) Everyone can ________ ________ ________ (起作用) in protecting the natural world. 【答案】 play a part 【详解】句意：每个人都可以在保护自然世界方面起作用。固定短语play a part in…意为“在……中起作用”，情态动词can后面要接动词原形。 (7) There is some g__________ (胶水) in the bottle. 【答案】(g)lue 【详解】句意：瓶子里有一些胶水。根据中文和首字母提示可知，glue“胶水”，不可数名词，故填(g)lue。 (8) Daniel ________ (曾经) visited many palaces in Beijing. 【答案】once 【详解】句意：Daniel曾参观过北京的许多宫殿。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查once“曾经”，副词，在句中修饰动词“visited”，作状语。故填once。 (9) What d_________ (促使) him to explore the unknown world is his endless curiosity. 【答案】drives/rives  【详解】句意：促使他探索未知世界的是他无尽的好奇心。drive“促使”，是动词。What引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，指代“促使他探索未知世界的这件事”，视为单数概念，因此从句的谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填drives。 (10) Unluckily, the e________ (电) went off, leaving us in complete darkness. 【答案】electricity/lectricity 【详解】句意：不幸的是，停电了，让我们陷入一片漆黑。括号内的提示词“电”对应的英文名词是electricity，为不可数名词。故填electricity。 (11) We ran inside when we saw the ________ (闪电). 【答案】lightning 【详解】句意：我们看到闪电就跑了进去。lightning“闪电”，不可数名词。故填lightning。 (12) A few days ________ (以后), he came back. 【答案】later 【详解】句意：几天以后，他回来了。根据空格前“A few days”和中文“以后”可知，“时间段 + later”是固定表达，表示“……之后”，常用于一般过去时。 (13) It’s a tradition in his family to pass down the heirloom from one ________ (一代) to the next. 【答案】generation 【详解】句意：在他家，把传家宝从一代传给下一代是一种传统。根据汉语提示“一代”以及“from one...to the next从一个……到下一个”的结构，此处需要一个名词，“generation”意为“一代；终身”，符合语境。故填generation。 (14) It’s normal for some people to ________ (失败) to keep their resolutions. 【答案】fail 【详解】句意：有些人没能坚守自己的决心，这是很正常的。固定句型It’s normal for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是正常的”，to后面接动词原形；根据中文提示“失败”，因此填fail。 (15) My little brother has a strong ________ (好奇心) about all the unusual natural wonders in the world. 【答案】curiosity 【详解】句意：我弟弟对世界上所有不寻常的自然奇观都怀有强烈的好奇心。不定冠词a和形容词strong后需要接名词，“好奇心”对应的英文名词是curiosity。固定搭配have a strong curiosity about...表示“对……怀有强烈的好奇心”，符合句子语境。 (16) The young man has a real ________ (天赋; 才能) for playing football. 【答案】talent 【详解】句意：这个年轻人在踢足球方面很有天赋。根据汉语提示可知，talent“天赋；才能”，可数名词，前面有a，此处用单数形式talent。 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) There is _______ rain this spring than last one. (much) 【答案】more 【详解】句意：今年春天的雨比去年多。根据“than”可知，此处应使用much的比较级more，故填more。 (2) Could you please tell me who is the ________ (invent) of this new machine？ 【答案】inventor 【详解】句意：你能告诉我这台新机器的发明者是谁吗？空处位于定冠词the和介词of中间，应填名词。根据“of this new machine”可知，此处指新机器的发明者。inventor意为“发明者”，本句特指那一位发明者，用单数形式inventor。 (3) If you are brave enough to face ________ (fail), you will be closer to your dream. 【答案】failure 【详解】句意：如果你足够勇敢去面对失败，你就会离梦想更近。动词face后接名词作宾语，动词fail的名词形式为failure，不可数名词。 (4) The old man failed ________ (get) to the top of the hill at last. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：这位老人最终没能到达山顶。fail to do sth”是固定用法，意思是“未能做某事”。在句中，根据这个固定搭配，应填入to get，表示老人最后未能到达山顶。 (5) The boy is ________ (curiosity) about animals. 【答案】curious 【详解】句意：这个男孩对动物很好奇。括号内curiosity是名词，意为“好奇心”。固定搭配be curious abou表示“对……好奇”，be动词后面需要用形容词作表语，curiosity对应的形容词是curious。 (6) Mike is a ________ musician who can play several instruments beautifully. (talent) 【答案】talented 【详解】句意：迈克是一位有天赋的音乐家，能优美地演奏几种乐器。空格位于不定冠词 a 和名词 musician（音乐家）之间，需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词 musician。应填talented“有天赋的”。 (7) The loud noise from the street almost ________ (drive) him crazy last night. 【答案】drove 【详解】句意：昨晚街上传来的巨大噪音几乎把他逼疯了。句中时间状语“last night”（昨晚），说明动作发生在过去，谓语动词需要使用drive的过去式drove。 (8) The fire alarm drove everyone ________ (leave) the building quickly. 【答案】to leave 【详解】句意：火警警报声迫使每个人迅速离开了大楼。leave动词，意为“离开”。drive sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“迫使某人做某事”，所以此处应用不定式to leave。故填to leave。 (9) Betty never spends her free time ________ (play) computer games. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：Betty从不把空闲时间花在玩电脑游戏上。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，因此play要变为动名词playing，因此填playing。 (10) The China Space Station has made great ________ (achieve) in recent years. 【答案】achievements 【详解】句意：中国空间站近年来取得了巨大成就。空格前有形容词great修饰，需要填名词，在句中作动词made的宾语，提示词achieve的名词形式为achievement；短语make great achievements意为“取得巨大成就”，表达泛指的成就时用复数形式achievements。 (11) Although China’s ________ is fast, it is a ________ country. To make China a ________ country, it’s necessary for us to ________ agriculture (农业) and industry quickly. (develop) 【答案】 development developing developed develop 【详解】句意：虽然中国的发展速度很快，但它是一个发展中国家。为了把中国建设成发达国家，我们有必要快速发展农业和工业。第一空，名词所有格China’s后面要接名词，develop的名词形式是development，意为“发展”，作从句主语，填development。第二空，修饰名词country 要用形容词，developing表示“发展中的”，developing country固定表达“发展中国家”，填developing。 第三空，修饰名词country用形容词，developed表示 “发达的”，developed country固定表达“发达国家”，填developed。第四空，固定句型it’s necessary for sb. to do sth.，to后面接动词原形，所以填动词原形develop，意为“发展”。 (12) We all love to ________ new places. When we ________ a forest or a city, we find new things. ________ are brave people who go to unknown places. They discover new lands and cultures. ________ helps us learn about the world and ourselves. (explore) 【答案】 explore explore Explorers Exploration 【详解】①句意：我们都喜欢探索新地方。love to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“喜爱做某事”，此处填动词原形explore。 ②句意：当我们探索一片森林或一座城市时，我们会发现新事物。此句描述日常的一般情况，用一般现在时，主语“we”是复数，谓语动词用原形explore。 ③句意：探险家是勇敢的人，他们前往未知的地方。结合“...are brave people...”可知，空后be动词是“are”，说明此处需要表示人的复数名词作主语，explorers“探险家”符合语境，首字母需大写。 ④句意：探索帮助我们了解世界，也了解我们自己。结合“...helps us learn about the world and ourselves.”可知，此处指探索帮助我们了解世界，此处需用不可数名词exploration“探险”作主语，首字母需大写。 3. 单项填空。 (1) —Why was Ms. Lin so angry with Kevin? —Because he broke the window _________. It wasn’t an accident. A．on purpose B．at once C．in case of D．by accident 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——林女士为什么生凯文的气？——因为他故意打破了窗户。这不是意外。 on purpose故意地；at once立刻；in case of万一；by accident偶然地，意外地。根据答语后句“It wasn’t an accident.”可知，打破窗户不是意外，而是“故意地”。 (2) David left the school pop group. Then I took over his ________ as lead singer. A．form B．farm C．role D．tool 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大卫离开了学校流行乐队。然后我接替了他主唱的职位。 考查名词辨析。form形式；farm农场；role角色，职位；tool工具。根据前句“left the school pop group”和“took over his…as lead singer”可知，此处指接替他在乐队中的“角色”或“职位”。role“角色，职位”，符合此语境。故选C。 (3) —The Three Gorges Dam can produce ________ for lots of people. —Sounds great! A．wound B．pioneer C．electricity D．decision 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——三峡大坝能为许多人生产电。——听起来太棒了！ 考查名词辨析。wound伤口；pioneer先锋；electricity电；decision决定。根据“The Three Gorges Dam”和常识可知，三峡大坝是举世闻名的水利枢纽工程，它最重要的功能之一就是发电。故选C。 (4) —Dad, don’t watch your phone in the dark. Or your eyesight will ________. —OK. I’ll turn on the light. A．rise B．disappear C．fail D．rush 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——爸爸，不要在黑暗中看手机。否则你的视力会衰退。——好的。我会把灯打开。 rise上升；disappear消失；fail衰弱，失败；rush冲；奔。根据前句“don’t watch your phone in the dark”可知，暗处看手机会让视力衰弱变差，因此选fail。 (5) The child’s ________ about how birds fly made her read many books on science. A．curiosity B．dislike C．habit D．interest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个孩子关于鸟如何飞翔的好奇心使她读了很多科学书籍。 curiosity好奇心；dislike不喜欢；habit习惯；interest兴趣。根据“made her read many books on science”可知孩子想要探究未知原理，体现的是好奇心，且curiosity常与介词about搭配。 (6) —Your sister is so good at the piano! —Yes. She has a good ________ for it and she practices it often. A．talent B．symbol C．worry D．language 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你姐姐钢琴弹得真好！——是的。她在钢琴上有天赋，而且经常练习。 talent天赋；symbol象征；worry担忧；language语言。根据“She has a good...for it”和“practices it often”可知，有天赋且勤练习是取得成功的原因，“have a talent for”为固定搭配，意为“在……方面有天赋”。应填talent。 (7) —Why did you make the decision to change your job? —The unfair rules set by my boss ________ me to do so. A．spared B．drove C．allowed D．advised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么决定换工作？——老板制定的不公平规则迫使我这么做了。 spared抽出/饶恕；drove迫使/驾驶；allowed允许；advised建议。根据“The unfair rules set by my boss”可知，老板制定的规则是不公平的，这是导致换工作的消极原因，含有被迫意味，应填drove。 (8) Qian Xuesen was a famous scientist in the world and he was also a national hero of China. He was famous for his ________ in physics. A．independent B．development C．achievements D．argument 【答案】C 【详解】句意：钱学森是世界著名的科学家，也是中国的民族英雄。他因在物理学方面的成就而闻名。 independent独立的；development发展；achievements成就；argument争论。根据“He was famous for his…in physics”及前文“famous scientist”可知，此处表示他因在物理方面的成就而闻名。“his”后接名词，achievements符合语境。 (9) —I hear the team will set off for the mountain tomorrow. Could you tell me what their main task is? —The main task is the ________ of the ancient rocks that few people have visited before. A．invention B．conclusion C．exploration D．discussion 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我听说团队明天将出发去山上。你能告诉我他们的主要任务是什么吗？——主要任务是对很少有人参观过的古代岩石进行探索。 invention发明；conclusion结论；exploration探索；discussion讨论。根据“the ancient rocks that few people have visited before”可知，很少有人参观过古代岩石，主要任务是对其进行探索，因此应填exploration。 (10) The engineers are working hard to ________ the new learning App before they put it into use. A．test B．hit C．roll D．push 【答案】A 【详解】句意：工程师们正在努力测试新的学习应用，然后才投入使用。 test测试；hit打击；roll滚动；push推。根据题干“before they put it into use”可知，投入使用前需要“测试”，应填test。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 阅读理解 A Becoming an inventor sounds really cool, right? It seems that it is a great ambition. Maybe you don’t have any ideas to make it come true. But don’t give up so quickly! You can follow the following steps and have a try. First of all, come up with a great idea. Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What troubles you and how could you fix it? Also, you can ask your friends or family about daily problems. The problems don’t need to be new. You just need to think in a creative way. Next, it’s time to express your idea. You can express your idea by drawing. Remember to draw it with a pencil so you can erase mistakes. Then, you can explain your idea to your friends. Don’t be shy to talk about it. They can help you improve your work. Then, prepare for making your invention. It means you need to get everything ready first. For example, you should collect (收集) all the materials and tools. It’s important to collect some information about these tools. More importantly, you need to let your parents work with you. It will protect you from some risks. Now, you have finished making your first invention! However, this is not the end. To make your invention better, you may need to test it thousands of times and improve it again and again. Come on, young inventor! 1．What does the underlined word “ambition” mean in Paragraph 1? A．A strong wish to do something great. B．A fear for the future. C．A feeling of being angry. D．A plan to become famous quickly. 2．What is the first step to be a young inventor? A．Test the invention many times. B．Come up with a creative idea. C．Draw pictures carefully with pens. D．Collect tools and materials. 3．Why is it important to let parents work with you when making inventions? A．Because parents are good at drawing. B．Because parents can give you more ideas. C．Because parents can protect you from risks. D．Because parents can buy materials for you. 4．In which unit of a textbook can we probably find the text? A．Unit 1 Outdoor Fun B．Unit 2 After-school Activities C．Unit 3 Dream Jobs D．Unit 4 Smart Learning 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍成为一名发明家的几个步骤，鼓励大家大胆尝试，勇于创造。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。原文第一段“Becoming an inventor sounds really cool, right? It seems that it is a great ambition.”，成为发明家是一个远大的抱负，ambition指想要成就大事的强烈愿望，因此选A。 2．细节理解题。原文第二段“First of all, come up with a great idea.”，成为年轻发明家的第一步是想出一个有创意的点子，因此选B。 3．细节理解题。原文第四段“More importantly, you need to let your parents work with you. It will protect you from some risks.”，制作发明时让父母陪同是为了保护你免受危险，因此选C。 4．推理判断题。文章主题是成为发明家，发明家属于理想职业，所以最有可能在课本“Unit 3 Dream Jobs（理想职业）”单元，因此选C。 B A Teenager’s Invention to Fight Desertification Jia Mingxuan is a 14-year-old boy from Inner Mongolia, China. He has invented a special tool to help young trees survive in dry and windy areas. His invention won a gold medal at the 77th Nuremberg International Invention Exhibition (iENA) in Germany in 2025. Jia lives in Chifeng, a place in Inner Mongolia. His hometown is part of China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, the world’s largest afforestation (植树造林) project. When Jia was young, he often watched his grandfather plant trees. But many young trees died because there was not enough water. “I wanted to do something to help,” Jia said. One evening, he saw steam (水蒸气) condensing into water drops on the wall in his kitchen. He remembered a physics lesson and had an idea. He asked himself, “Could I use the same principle to collect water for young trees?” Jia began to design a device (装置) using simple materials like steel tubes and recycled plastic bottles. After many tries, he finally made an automated planting tool. The tool can collect water from the air and water the young trees automatically. It can also protect the trees from strong winds. Jia’s invention is not only creative but also practical. It uses basic physics to solve a real-world problem. “I hope my invention can help more trees grow in dry areas,” Jia said. “I will keep working on it to make it better.” 1．Where is Jia Mingxuan from? A．Beijing. B．Inner Mongolia. C．Shanghai. D．Guangdong. 2．What problem did Jia want to solve? A．How to make more plastic bottles. B．How to help young trees survive in dry areas. C．How to build a better school. D．How to win an invention competition. 3．What gave Jia the idea for his invention? A．A TV programme. B．A science book. C．Steam condensing into water drops. D．His teacher’s advice. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about Jia’s invention? A．It is made of expensive materials. B．It can only collect water from rivers. C．It can water young trees automatically. D．It was made in a factory. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述来自中国内蒙古的少年贾明轩发明了一款特殊装置，帮助幼苗在干旱多风地区存活，这项发明斩获国际发明展金奖，并介绍了这项发明的灵感来源、功能与意义。 【详解】1．原文第一段“Jia Mingxuan is a 14-year-old boy from Inner Mongolia, China.”，贾明轩来自内蒙古。 2．原文第一段“He has invented a special tool to help young trees survive in dry and windy areas.”，贾明轩想要解决的问题是帮助幼苗在干旱地区存活。 3．原文第三段“One evening, he saw steam condensing into water drops on the wall in his kitchen.”，水蒸气凝结成水滴给了他发明的灵感。 4．原文第四段“The tool can collect water from the air and water the young trees automatically.”，这项发明可以自动给幼苗浇水。 2. 任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life. But in fact, almost everyone can invent something and ideas could be the start of an invention. When inventors see their ideas have some practical value, they don’t let them slip away (溜走). For example, the inventor of the dishwasher (洗碗机), American Josephine Cochrane, loved to give dinner parties. But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand. She thought that a machine could do the job faster and with fewer mistakes. So, in 1886, she set out to make one for herself. There are some steps to create inventions. The first and most important step is to find the problem. Then you might notice situations or things in need of improvement. The next step is to work it out. An invention is a new way of solving a problem. So think of unusual ways. You can often come up with a solution to a problem by looking at it from a different side. And the hardest part of inventing is finding a solution. When you have an idea, you can always get help to build your invention. This problem-solving skill is very useful. It can also work in your everyday lives. So, why not try it in your study, or even in the way you look at the world? 1．What does “them” refer to in paragraph 1? 2．When did Josephine Cochrane start to make the dishwasher for herself? 3．What is the first and most important step to create inventions? 4．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 5．What is the hardest part of inventing? 【答案】1．Their ideas. 2．In 1886. 3．To find the problem. 4．但是她发现手工洗盘子花费的时间太长。 5．Finding a solution. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述发明并不遥远，想法可以成为发明的开端，以洗碗机发明者为例，介绍发明的步骤，指出发明最难的环节是找到解决方案，这种解决问题的技能在日常生活同样有用。 【详解】1．根据“When inventors see their ideas have some practical value, they don’t let them slip away (溜走) .”可知，them指代前面出现的their ideas。 2．根据“So, in 1886, she set out to make one for herself.”可知，她在1886年开始为自己制作洗碗机。直接提取原文信息即可。 3．根据“The first and most important step is to find the problem.”可知，创造发明首要且最重要的步骤是发现问题。直接提取原文信息即可。 4．画线句为“But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand”其中“But”译为“但是”，“she”意为“她”，“found”译为“发现”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，“take”译为“花费”，“too long”译为“（时间）太久”，“wash her dishes”译为“洗盘子”，“by hand”译为“手工”，作状语，整体翻译为：但是她发现手工洗盘子花费的时间太长。 5．根据“And the hardest part of inventing is finding a solution.”可知，发明最难的部分是找到解决办法。直接提取原文信息即可。 3. 完形填空 Curiosity is often called the “engine of progress”. It drives humans to explore, discover, and create. From ancient times to the present, curious minds have 1 the world we live in today. When Isaac Newton saw an apple fall from a tree, he didn’t ignore it. Instead, he felt 2 and asked, “Why does it fall down?” This question led him to develop the theory of gravity. Similarly, Archimedes was curious about the water rising when he got into a bath. His 3 led to the discovery of buoyancy (浮力), which is still used in physics today. In daily life, curiosity helps us learn better. A 2014 study 4 that curious people remember information 30% better than others. This is because curiosity makes the brain more open to new knowledge. For students, staying curious can 5 them to ask more questions and find answers on their own. Curiosity also brings joy. Think about how a child 6 hours playing with a toy to figure out how it works. That joy of finding is the same feeling scientists get when they make a new discovery. Moreover, it’s a 7 that keeps us going even when things are difficult. However, curiosity isn’t just for great scientists. It’s for everyone. Whether you’re 8 about how a phone works or why stars twinkle, asking “why” is the first step to learning. As the saying goes, “The important thing is not to stop 9 .” So, let’s keep our curious minds alive. Ask questions, do experiments, and never be afraid to explore. You never know what amazing things you might 10 or how your curiosity could change the world. 1．A．changed B．broken C．returned D．copied 2．A．angry B．curious C．sleepy D．proud 3．A．fear B．curiosity C．sadness D．happiness 4．A．proved B．refused C．imagined D．guessed 5．A．warn B．encourage C．stop D．prevent 6．A．spends B．wastes C．misses D．saves 7．A．force B．problem C．mistake D．secret 8．A．bored B．tired C．curious D．nervous 9．A．playing B．asking C．eating D．sleeping 10．A．destroy B．invent C．weigh D．taste 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了好奇心被称作“进步的引擎”，列举牛顿、阿基米德的例子，说明了好奇心在学习、生活中的积极作用，呼吁人们保持好奇心，勇于探索。 【详解】1．句意：从古至今，充满好奇的头脑改变了我们如今生活的世界。 联系前文“Curiosity is often called the ‘engine of progress’”，好奇心推动进步，改变世界，changed符合语境；broken“打破”、returned“归还”、copied“复制”不符合语境。 2．句意：相反，他感到好奇并问道：“苹果为什么会往下落？” 联系后文，牛顿提出疑问，体现他内心的好奇，curious“好奇的”符合语境；angry“生气的”、sleepy“困倦的”、proud“骄傲的”不符合。 3．句意：他的好奇心带来了浮力的发现，至今仍在物理学中使用。 联系前文“Archimedes was curious about the water rising”，阿基米德的好奇心促使他发现浮力，curiosity符合语境；fear“恐惧”、sadness“悲伤”、happiness“快乐”不符合语境。 4．句意：2014年一项研究证明，好奇的人记忆信息比其他人好30%。 这里是研究得出的结论，prove“证明”符合语境；refused“拒绝”、imagined“想象”、guessed“猜测”不符合。 5．句意：对于学生来说，保持好奇心能够鼓励他们提出更多问题，自主寻找答案。 联系前文“curiosity helps us learn better”，好奇心有助于学习，会鼓励学生多提问、自主探寻答案，encourage符合语境；warn“警告”、stop“阻止”、prevent“阻止”不符合语境。 6．句意：想想一个孩子如何花费数小时玩玩具，弄明白它的工作原理。 联系后文“hours playing with a toy to figure out how it works”，这里表达孩子花大量时间研究玩具，spend time doing sth.是固定搭配，表示花费时间做某事；wastes“浪费”、misses“错过”、saves“节省”不符合语境。 7．句意：而且，它是一种力量，即使遇到困难，也能支撑我们继续前行。 联系上下文，好奇心是推动我们前进的力量，force符合语境；problem“问题”、mistake“错误”、secret“秘密”不符合语境。 8．句意：无论你对手机如何工作或是星星为何闪烁感到好奇，问“为什么”是学习的第一步。 联系整篇文章主题curiosity，be curious about表示“对……好奇”，符合语境；bored“无聊的”、tired“疲惫的”、nervous“紧张的”不符合。 9．句意：正如谚语所说，重要的事情是不要停止提问。 联系前文“asking “why” is the first step to learning”，前后呼应，stop asking表示“停止提问”；playing“玩耍”、eating“吃”、sleeping“睡觉”不符合语境。 10．句意：你永远不知道你可能会发明什么惊人的事物，也不知道你的好奇心将如何改变世界。 联系开头，好奇心驱动人类探索、发现、创造，invent“发明”符合主题；destroy“摧毁”、weigh“称重”、taste“品尝”不符合语境。 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $