Unit 3 Make it happen! 单元核心知识点精讲精练1(Understanding ideas)-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（新教材外研版）

Unit 3 Make it happen! 核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Understanding ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Understanding ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 重点短语集锦 1. a science fair 一场科学展览会 2. a robotic arm 机械臂 3. build sth. out of... 用…… 制作某物 4. plastic blocks 塑料块 5. fishing line 鱼线 6. an artificial arm 一只假肢/人造手臂 7. shook hands 握手 8. What’s worse 更糟糕的是 9. all the time 一直；总是 10. blow sb. away 使某人大为惊讶 11. lend (sb) a hand 帮助 (某人) 做事；(给某人) 搭把手 12. a 3-D printer 一台 3D 打印机 13. be able to 能够；可以 14. brain signals 大脑信号 15. good enough 足够好 16. weigh 3.6 kilograms 重 3.6 千克 17. fix problems 解决问题；修理故障 18. one after another 一个接一个 19. hit on success 获得成功；突然取得成功 20. make money 赚钱 21. post his design online 把他的设计发布到网上 22. for free 免费 23. allow sb. to do... 允许某人做…… 24. try to do 尽力 / 设法做某事 25. decide to do 决定做某事 26. enjoy doing 喜欢做某事；享受做某事 27. have a hard time doing 做某事很困难 28. wish to do 希望做某事 29. warn sb. about... 警告某人关于……；提醒某人当心…… 30. a smart walking stick 一根智能拐杖 31. win an award 获奖 32. receive many congratulations 收到许多祝贺 33. real life 现实生活 34. blind people's living conditions 盲人的生活条件 35. come up with 想出；提出（主意、方案） 36. solve the problem 解决这个问题 37. as imaginative as 和…… 一样富有想象力 2、 重点词汇解析 1. fair /feə/n. 展览会；集市；露天游乐场； adj. 公平的，合理的；(数量、大小)相当大的；(头发)浅色的，(皮肤)白皙的；(天气)晴朗的，晴好的；相当好的，不错的 [词汇拓展] unfair(adj.)不公平的；fairly(adv.)公平地；相当，十分 [词汇搭配] a science fair科学展览会；fair and square光明正大；a fair price公道的价格 fair to/on sb. 对某人是公平的；to be fair说句公道话 fair enough（指想法、建议）有道理，说得对；play fair 行事正直，做事光明正大 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) His knowledge of French is only fair. (2) It's not fair on the students to keep changing the timetable. (3) A fair number of people came along. (4) She has long fair hair. (5) Weather conditions were fair. (6) Let's take the kids to the fair. 2. block /blɒk/n. 一块 (指木头、石头等有直边的硬物)；大楼；街区； v. 堵住，挡住；妨碍，阻碍 [词汇搭配] plastic blocks塑料块；a block of ice一块冰；an office block办公大楼 block out 挡住(声音或光线)；忘掉，抹去(不愉快的事)；block up 塞住，封住 [词汇例句] She took the dog for a walk around the block.她带着狗绕街区散步。 Some students today blocked a highway.今天一些学生堵塞了公路。 [随学随练] 单项填空 There was a big tree that fell down during the storm. Now it ________ the road, and cars cannot pass. A．builds B．blocks C．breaks D．bends 3. cost /kɒst/v. 价格为，需支付 (某一数量的钱)；使损失；n. 费用；价钱；代价 [词汇拓展] <过去式>cost；<过去分词>cost；costly (adj.) 昂贵的；代价高的 [词汇搭配] at all cost/costs不惜任何代价；at any cost在任何情况下；无论如何 cover all your travel and hotel costs承担您的全部差旅和住宿费用 [词汇例句] That one mistake almost cost him his life. 那一个差错几乎使他丧命。 Tickets cost ten dollars each. 每张票价为十元。 [词汇辨析] cost / take / spend / pay · cost表示“某物花费了某人...钱”，用于“sth. cost sb.+金钱”结构。 The book cost me 200 yuan. 这本书花了我200元。 · take常用it作主语，用于“It takes +sb.+ 时间/努力/... +to do sth.”结构。 It took me 20 minutes to get to the train station. 到火车站花了20分钟时间。 · spend表示“某人花费时间/金钱做某事”，常用于“sb. spend +时间/金钱(+in)+doing sth.”或“sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth.” Mum spent 200 yuan on this sweater. 妈妈花了200块钱买这件毛衣。 · pay表示“支付”，常用于“sb. pay+金钱+for sth.”。 Tom paid 30 yuan for the juice. Tom支付了30元买饮料。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —How much is the ticket to Central Park? —A one-way ticket ________ 40 dollars, and you can ________ another 20 dollars for a round trip. A．spends; pay B．costs; spend C．pays; spend D．costs; pay 4. condition /kənˈdɪʃn/n. n. 状况，状态；条件 [词汇拓展] conditional(adj.)有条件的；有前提的；unconditional (adj.)无条件的；无限制的 [词汇搭配] living conditions 生活条件；working conditions 工作条件 be in bad/good condition 处于糟糕的/良好的状态；out of condition状况不佳 on no condition 无论如何都不；决不 [词汇例句] Modern schools provide better conditions for teachers. 现代学校为教师提供更好的条件。 [随学随练] 用condition相关表达补全句子 (1) 你决不能告诉他们所发生的事。 You must tell them what happened. (2) 他体重超重，健康状况不佳。 He is overweight and . (3) 政府正在努力改善他们的生活条件。 The government are trying hard to . (4) 如果你经常锻炼并摄入适当的食物，你的眼睛就能长时间保持良好的状态。 If you exercise regularly and eat the right kind of food, your eyes will  for a long time. 5. lend /lend/v. 借给，借出 [词汇拓展] <过去式>lent；<过去分词>lent；borrow (v.)借入 [词汇搭配] lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物 lend (sb) a hand 帮助 (某人) 做事；(给某人) 搭把手 [词汇例句] I went over to see if I could lend a hand.我过去看我能不能帮上忙。 [词汇辨析] lend / borrow / keep · lend表示“借出”，常用搭配为：lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物。 I lent my dictionary to my classmate. 我把词典借给我同学了。 · borrow表示“借入”，常用搭配为：borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借入某物。 Can I borrow a pen from you?我可以借用你的钢笔吗？ · keep可以表示“保存”，可以与持续的时间段连用；borrow与lend不能这样用。 You can keep the book for two weeks. 这本书你可以借(保存)2个礼拜。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Can I ________ your pen, Tom? —Sorry. I’m using it , so I can’t _________ it to you. A．borrow, borrow B．lend, lend C．borrow, lend D．lend, borrow (2) —Can I ________ a book from you? —Certainly. But you mustn’t ________ it to others. And please remember you can only ________ it for a week. A．borrow; lend; borrow B．lend; borrow; keep C．lend; lend; keep D．borrow; lend; keep 6. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. 改善，改进；变得更好 [词汇拓展] improvement(n.)改进，改善 [词汇搭配] improve his work改进他的工作；improve your eating habits改善你的饮食习惯 [词汇例句] With the help of my teacher, my English improves day by day.在老师的帮助下，我的英 语一天比一天进步。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 花些时间提高英语水平对你来说很重要。 7. invent /ɪnˈvent/v. 发明，创造 invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/n. 发明 (物) [词汇拓展] inventor(n.)发明者，发明家；inventive(adj.)善于创新的；有创意的 [词汇搭配] invent an artificial arm发明一只人造手臂；his new invention他的新发明 [词汇用法] · invent用作动词。 He invented the first electric clock.他发明了第一个电动机械钟。 · invention是名词，表示“发明物”时，指具体的东西，用作可数名词；表示“发明”时，指的是行为，用作不可数名词。 Fax machines were a wonderful invention at the time.传真机在当时是一项了不起的发明。 Such changes have not been seen since the invention of the printing press.自从发明了印刷机，这种变 革还没有出现过。 [随学随练] 用invent适当形式填空。 (1) Do you know who ________ (发明) the plane? (2) Thomas Edison (爱迪生) was a ________ (invent) and a successful businessman. (3) The ________ (invent) of the light changed people’s life greatly. (4) The compass(指南针) was a great Chinese ________ (invent). 8. weigh /weɪ/v. 重，重量是…；称重量；认真考虑，权衡；斟酌(字句)；(对看法或结果)有影响，有分量 [词汇拓展] weight(n.)重量 [词汇搭配] weigh up to 860 kg重量可达860公斤；weigh your words推敲；斟酌字句 weigh down使烦恼，使焦虑；weigh on加重…的思想负担；使焦虑不安；使担忧 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中weigh的中文意思。 (1) She weighed the stone in her hand. (2) You must weigh up the pros and cons. (3) He said the words very slowly, as if weighing each one of them. (4) His past record weighs heavily against him. (5) Something was weighing on her mind. 9. fix /fɪks/v. 解决 (问题)；使固定，安装；决定，确定(日期，数量等)；修理，校正；安排，组织 [词汇拓展] fixed(adj.)固定的，不变的 [词汇搭配] fix problems解决问题；fix up 修理；装饰；fix on选定；决定 fix one’s eyes on...集中目光于... [随学随练] 写出下列句子中fix的中文意思。 (1) He's going to fix a time when I can see him. (2) The car won't start─can you fix it? (3) It's not too late to fix the problem, although time is clearly getting short. (4) You should fix it on the wall. (5) I've fixed it for you to see Bonnie Lachlan. 10. allow/əˈlaʊ/ v. 允许，容许，准许 [词汇拓展] disallow(v.)不允许，不接受 [词汇搭配] allow doing sth. 允许做某事；allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事；allow for考虑到 [词汇例句] Our teacher doesn’t allow us to use mobile phones in class. 我们老师不允许我们在课堂 上使用手机。 [随学随练] 用所给词适当形式填空 (1) Mr. Wang allows us ________ (take) a camera while we explore Mount Tai. (2) As we all know, the library doesn’t allow ________ (talk) loudly or running after each other. 11. solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决 [词汇拓展] solution(n.)解决方式；solver(n.)(问题的)解决者 [词汇搭配] solve the problem解决问题 [词汇例句] We’ll try out best to solve the problem.我么将会尽最大的努力解决这个问题。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It's best not to run away from our problems.We should always try to ________ them． A．solve B．take C．get 12. blind /blaɪnd/adj. 盲的，失明的；对...视而不见的；盲目的 [词汇拓展] blindly(adv.) 盲目地，未经思考地；blindness(n.)盲，失明 deaf (adj.)聋的；dumb(adj.)哑的 [词汇搭配] blind people 盲人；be blind to 对...视而不见；未察觉到 turn a blind eye (to sth)（对某事）佯装不见，睁一只眼闭一只眼 [词汇例句] One of her parents is blind. 她的父母有一个是盲人。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Guide dogs are very smart and they can help ________ people walk safely. A．deaf B．homeless C．blind D．poor (2) —What do you think of your boss? —Not very strict. He sometimes turns a ________ eye to smoking in the office. A．fair B．blind C．serious D．crazy 13. warn /wɔːn/v. 警告，告诫；提醒 [词汇拓展] warning (n.)警告 [词汇搭配] warn sb. about/of...提醒/警告某人某事 warn sb. not to do / warn sb. against doing 警告某人不要做某事 [词汇例句] I tried to warn him, but he wouldn't listen. 我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。 [随学随练] 用warn相关表达补全句子 (1) 他告诫Billy离窗户远点。 He the window. (2) 老师告诫我们晚上不要单独出门。 The teacher at night. The teacher at night. (3) 我爸爸经常告诫我在网上留下大量个人信息是不安全的。 My father often  that much personal information on the Internet. 14. sense /sens/v. 检测出；感觉到；n. 理解力；感觉；意义，含义 [词汇拓展] sensible(adj.)理智的，合理的 [词汇搭配] a great sense of humor 幽默感；a strong sense of purpose强烈的目标感，使命感 common sense常识；make sense有道理；合乎情理 make sense of理解，弄懂(不易理解的事物)；in a sense从某种意义上说 [词汇例句] He has a very good sense of direction. 他的方向感很强。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1)— Let’s turn off the lights to save the energy. — ________ Every little counts. A． Are you joking? B．That makes sense. C．That depends. D．Are you sure? (2)—I’m sure Cindy will be able to find the hotel. —She has a good ________ of direction. A．idea B．sense C．experience D．feeling 15. congratulations /kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃnz/ n. 祝贺的话；祝贺，恭喜 [词汇拓展] congratulate(v.)祝贺，恭喜 [词汇搭配] Congratulations (on …)! (对……表示)祝贺！ [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —I passed my driving test yesterday. —Did you? ________ A．Forget it! B．Congratulations! C．Thanks. D．Don't worry. (2) —Congratulations on your graduation, Paul! I’m so proud of you. —________ I couldn’t have done it without your support. A．Take it easy. B．Thanks a lot. C．It doesn’t matter. D．It’s up to you. 16. everyday /ˈevrideɪ/adj. 日常的；平常的；每天的 [词汇搭配] everyday life日常生活 [词汇例句] The Internet has become part of everyday life .互联网已成为日常生活的一部分。 [词汇辨析] · everyday和daily都可以表示“每日的，日常的”，且都只用于名词前。 The Internet has become part of our daily/everyday life. 互联网已经成为我们日常生活的一部分。 · every day用作副词，意思是每天，多用在句尾来修饰整个句子，表示某人每天都要做某件事。 I go swimming every day in order to stay healthy. 我每天游泳以保持健康。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 If you want to learn English well, you should read ________ English ________. A．everyday; everyday B．everyday; every day C．every day; everyday D．every day; every day 17. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/v. 使忧虑，使苦恼；劳驾，麻烦 ；n. 苦恼；困难 [词汇拓展] <过去式>troubled；<动词-ing> troubling troublesome(adj.)令人烦恼的；讨厌的；令人痛苦的 [词汇搭配] have trouble (in) doing...做某事有困难；have trouble with sth. 某方面有困难 in trouble有麻烦；get into trouble遇到麻烦；陷入麻烦 take the trouble to do...不厌其烦地做 Sorry to trouble you(常用于客气的请求劳驾)对不起打扰您一下 [词汇例句] I don't want to put you to a lot of trouble . 我不想给你添很多的麻烦。 [随学随练] 用trouble相关表达补全句子 (1) 她嫌麻烦，甚至连我的姓名如何拼写都不想搞清楚。 She didn't even how to spell my name. (2) 我如不按时把这完成就要倒霉了。 If I don't get this finished in time, I'll be . (3) 对不起打扰您一下，请问几点了？ , but could you tell me the time? (4) 起初，这个男孩很难和新同学相处。 The boy his new classmates at first. (5) Dorothy在遇到一个陌生人后陷入麻烦。 Dorothy   after she met a stranger. 18. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/adj. 有创造力的 [词汇拓展] create (v.) 创造；创作；creativity (n.)创造力；creation(n.)创造；创造物 creator(n.)创造者；creatively(adv.)创造性地 [词汇搭配] do creative work 做创造性的工作；develop creativity 培养创造力 [随学随练] 用creative的适当形式填空 (1) She   a special cap that could record the elephant seals’ brain activity. (2) Although it is good to use AI, your own ideas and   are important too. (3) Thanks to their  design and fresh ideas, Weifang nut carving(核雕) artworks have been increasingly welcomed by people in China.  (4) Very successful   don’t give up when they get something wrong. (5) Since its   in the late 1990s, the technology has become more and more improved and widely used. 19. imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/adj. 富有想象力的；创新的 [词汇拓展] imagine(v.) 想象；猜想；imagination(n.)想象；想象力； unimaginative(adj.)无创意的；缺乏想象力的 imaginatively(adv.)创造性地，别出心裁地 [词汇搭配] as imaginative as和…一样富有想象力；an imaginative idea有创意的思想 [词汇例句] He is an imaginative writer. 他是个想象力丰富的作家 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The novel is very popular because it is full of ________ (imagine). (2) The children came up with an ________ (imagine) idea for their school project. (3) It’s very hard for us ________ (imagine) living a life without the Internet. 3、 重难句型解析 1. (教材原句)“Hello,”said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work. 此句中as用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当...时”，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。 如： 2. (教材原句)This was the first time Easton met Jenny.这是Easton第一次见到Jenny。 “This is/was the+序数词+time+从句”表示“这是第几次做某事。”从句通常使用完成时态。也可以使用一般时态。 如：It’s the third that I have visited Hongkong. 这是我第三次来香港。 3. (教材原句)What's worse, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time. 更糟糕的是，像她这样的孩子长得快，经常需要更换新的假肢。 “what's worse”意为“更糟糕的是”， 用于引出一个更加糟糕或严重的情况，加强语气。 4. (教材原句)“It blew me away!I built my arm for only $300，”thought Easton. “这让我大吃一惊！我只花了300美元就造出了假肢。” Easton心想。 “blow sb. away”意为“使某人大为惊讶”。 5. (教材原句)What a helping hand！多么好的“援手”！ 这是一个有what引导的感叹句，句型结构为：“What+a/an+adj.+单数名词！” 此结构中名词若为复数形式或不可数名词，则没有a/an，变成“What+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词”。 a helping hand意为“援手，帮助”。 本句一语双关，字面意思表示“提供帮助的手”，指代机械手臂。也表示对Easton和其发明的赞美。 4、 综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) In ancient China, people stored (储存) ice ________ (块) in winter for use in summer. (2) The book ________ (展览会) attracts many publishers(出版商) and readers every year. (3) This new computer will ________ (花费) you much money. (4) All the villagers’ living ________ (状况) have changed greatly in recent years. (5) 他在很难的数学考试中取得的满分成绩让他的老师大为惊讶。 His perfect score on the difficult Maths test ________ ________ ________ ________ . (6) Can you ________ (借给) me your Chinese book? (7) I ________ (lend) my favorite book to Tom last week. (8) 我们总是乐于通过伸出援手来互相帮助。 We are always ready to help each other by ________ ________ ________. (9) We are looking forward to ________ (改进，改善) our living environment. (10) When the elephant was born, it w________ (重量) about 100 kilos. (11) My mother bought three ________ (千克) of apples from the supermarket this morning. (12) They’re sending an engineer to f________ (安装) the phone. (13) Please d________ (下载) the latest app from the official website. (14) The boy’s parents ________（允许）him to play computer games for an hour every weekend. (15) The new device can help people ________ (解决) everyday problems easily. (16) Some traffic signs ________ (警告) us not to do something and keep us safe from danger. (17) To our surprise, this b________ (盲的) boy can sing songs so beautifully. (18) A good learner usually has a good ________ (理解力；感觉) of how to make learning fun. (19) The heavy rain t________ (使苦恼) the farmers who want to harvest their crops. (20) We should encourage children to be ________ (有创造力的) and think outside the box. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) The school doesn’t allow students ________ (bring) mobile phones to class. (2) The library doesn’t allow ________ (eat) food inside. (3) You shouldn’t follow others ________ (blind) without thinking for yourself. (4) Lily is a smart girl. She is such a ________ girl and she can do something with her own hands. Last week she spent two days ________ a model bird. Her natural ________ makes her very popular in her school. (create) (5) My suitcase ________ 24 kilograms, but the airport’s ________ limit was 23 kilograms, so I had to take some things out. (weigh) (6) The rare stamp ________ (cost) him 200 yuan last month. (7) I ________ (lend) my book to Tom yesterday, and he hasn’t returned it yet. (8) The ________ (improve) in living conditions has made people’s life much easier. (9) This ________ (print) is broken. We need to buy a new one for the office. (10) The boy wants to make lots of useful ________ (invent) and become a great ________ (invent) like Thomas Edison. (11) My mother warned me ________ (not touch) the hot water. (12) I offered my sincere ________ (congratulate) to him on his success in the competition. (13) The officers had trouble ________ (weight) an elephant. (14) If all are willing to give a ________ (help) hand, the world will be a better place. (15) He got up late in the morning. What’s ________ (bad), his bike was broken. (16) Our school decided ________ (build) a new playground this year. (17) With enough practice, you will be able ________ (solve) this kind of math problem easily. (18) This box of apples weighs 2 ________ (kilogram). 3. 单项填空。 (1) With the development of AI tools like Kimi, people can do many things in a more ________ way than before. A．difficult B．dangerous C．creative D．traditional (2) —We’re making a small table in the DIY class. What kind of wood do we need? —This ________ of wood is perfect for making a small table. A．fair B．block C．cost D．condition (3) It ________ me two hours to finish the project, and the materials ________ me 200 yuan. A．took; cost B．spent; paid C．paid; took D．cost; spent (4) When you take part in sports games, ________ play matters more than the result. A．fair B．challenging C．injured D．strong (5) —How long can I ________ your dictionary? —For a month. But you can’t ________ it to your classmates. A．borrow; lend B．lend; borrow C．keep; borrow D．keep; lend (6) — Chen Jie, your friends gave you two different ideas for the weekend. What will you do? — I need to ________ which one is better for my plan. A．weigh B．note C．image D．count (7) The school doesn’t ________ students to download games on school computers. A．warn B．allow C．fix D．solve (8) The zoo keeper doesn’t allow ________ here. A．smoke B．to smoke C．smoking D．smokes (9) The young man made a ___________ choice, not thinking about what might happen next. A．wise B．proper C．blind D．careful (10) When walking alone at night, Lily could ________ that someone was following her, so she walked faster. A．sense B．accept C．watch D．touch 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 阅读理解 A 3-D printing is one of the most exciting technologies of the 21st century. It allows us to create three-dimensional objects from a digital file. Unlike traditional manufacturing, which involves cutting or carving materials away, 3-D printing builds objects layer by layer. This makes it possible to create complex shapes that would be very difficult to make with traditional methods. 3-D printing has many applications. In the medical field, it is used to create custom prosthetics, such as artificial arms and legs, that fit the user perfectly. In architecture, it is used to create detailed models of buildings. In education, it helps students bring their designs to life. One of the greatest advantages of 3-D printing is that it can reduce costs. For example, Easton LaChappelle used a 3-D printer to create an artificial arm that cost only $500, compared to $80,000 for a traditional one. 3-D printing is also more sustainable because it produces less waste. As the technology continues to improve, it will likely change many industries and make products more accessible to people around the world. 1．What is the main topic of the passage? A．Easton LaChappelle’s story. B．The history of manufacturing. C．3-D printing technology and its uses. D．Medical treatments for disabilities. 2．How does 3-D printing work? A．It cuts materials away. B．It builds objects layer by layer. C．It carves objects from wood. D．It melts metal into shapes. 3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an application of 3-D printing? A．Custom prosthetics. B．Building models. C．Food production. D．Education. 4．What is one advantage of 3-D printing mentioned in the passage? A．It is always faster than traditional methods. B．It produces more waste. C．It can reduce costs. D．It requires no digital files. 5．How does the passage support the idea that 3-D printing is beneficial? A．By explaining its disadvantages. B．By comparing it to Easton’s story. C．By providing examples of its uses. D．By describing its history. B On February 25th, some elderly care robots were shown to the public. These robots are great helpers for old people and bring lots of convenience (便利) and happiness to their lives. These robots are very useful in daily life. They can remind old people to take medicine at the right time. As for those who have trouble walking, the robots can walk beside them. They use sensors (传感器) to know if the old people are not steady and stop them from falling. Some robots can even go outside with old people, like walking in the park or going to the nearby shops because they have navigation systems (导航系统). Loneliness is a big problem for many old people. But these robots can be good friends. They can talk to old people. They can tell interesting stories, like fairy tales or stories from history. They can also talk about everyday things, such as the weather, local news, or the latest TV shows. This not only makes old people feel less lonely but also helps their minds stay active. The robots can also do small jobs. They can pick up light things that old people drop, like a book or glasses. For housework, they can do easy things like cleaning the living room, folding clothes, or sweeping the floor. This helps old people keep their homes clean without getting too tired. In the future, these robots will probably have even more uses. They may be like family doctors. For example, they can check heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature all the time. If there is anything wrong, the robot can quickly tell family members or doctors. They might also be able to help with more difficult medical things, like helping to dress a wound (伤口) with a doctor’s help. As technology gets better, making these robots will cost less. Then more families can afford them. When more people can buy these robots, more money will be put into making them better. So, the robots will work even better and be of higher quality (质量). As the people get older, more and more families need help taking care of the old. In the future, elderly care robots will play an important role in our society. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “remind” in Chinese? A．提醒 B．要求 C．请求 D．回忆 2．Why are these robots especially helpful for the old people who live alone? A．They can repair broken furniture. B．They can help the old people find jobs. C．They can teach the old people how to use smartphones D．They can stay with them and help with daily tasks. 3．Which of the following statements is NOT right? A．Old people’s quality of life may be improved. B．Fewer families will need these robots in the future. C．The cost of making these robots will be low. D．More functions may be added to these robots in the future. 4．What can we know about the future of these robots? A．They will only be used in hospital. B．They will become less useful over time. C．They will become cheaper and better. D．They will replace all human work. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 2. 任务型阅读 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答问题。 Dear students, Yesterday, we started the “Young inventors, Big hearts” science festival. What did you invent? Why did you invent it? And how did you feel? Please share your stories. Jack            10:00 AM  2 November My dad is a doctor who sometimes has to kneel (跪) on the ground for hours to finish operations (手术). He often came home with sore knees. Then I decided to help. At first, I knew nothing about robots, but I spent weeks reading materials and testing small models. After many failures (and late nights!), I finally created the “Kneeling-Easy” robot. It protects users from heavy pressure on the knees and lets doctors move freely through somatosensory (体感) control. Now my dad proudly uses it at work. All those failures and sleepless nights were worth it. Tony            10:30 AM  2 November One day, I saw a blind man get burned while pouring hot water . I couldn’t get that situation out of my mind. I wanted to help! I started learning about sensors (传感器) and speakers. I studied many materials. There were so many times it didn’t work—the voice was too soft, the sensor too slow—but I kept improving. Finally, I created a blind-friendly bottle. It can tell users when the bottle is nearly filled. Now, I’m glad to see my hard work is making others’ life a little better . Lily            8 minutes ago At the subway station, I once saw a mom’s safety rope almost get caught in the train doors. This sudden danger made the scared kid keep crying! I started to do research on how locks work. It took several models before I got it right—the first one out of control, the second broke, the third finally worked! The new Safe Parent-Child Rope has a lock, so parents can unlock the rope in dangerous situations. Each time I saw kids stay close and safe with families, I felt satisfied. 1．Did Jack know well about robots at first? 2．How does Tony’s bottle protect blind users from hot water? 3．What do the three students’ inventions have in common? 4．What do you think of these inventions? Why? Choose one to reply. (about 30 words) 3. 完形填空 Have you ever made something that no one else has made before? People who make something new are called 1 . Victor Ochoa was one of those people. He 2 many things and one of them was a flying machine. In 1908, he thought about 3 birds used their wings and went into the sky. He hoped to make a machine that 4 like a bird. Soon he took action and began to 5 birds carefully to learn how their wings worked. Finally, he used what he had learned to build a plane. The body of the plane was made of two 6 side by side. The plane had a small motor (发动机) that sat between the two bikes. The back was shaped like a bird’s tail. The wings were 7 from those of a common plane. They could even be folded down like a bird’s wings. Amazing! Victor wanted to help people with his ideas. His mind was like a motor that never shut off. He was always trying to make life better and 8 . He did not let any 9 stop him from making other things. However, not all of his ideas worked. No one who tries something new is 10 every time. The most important is to keep trying and never give up. 1．A．dreamers B．inventors C．players D．drivers 2．A．collected B．fixed C．sold D．made 3．A．how B．when C．where D．why 4．A．stood B．ate C．flew D．sang 5．A．look for B．look at C．look after D．look up 6．A．bikes B．chairs C．boxes D．stages 7．A．absent B．free C．safe D．different 8．A．easier B．easy C．hard D．harder 9．A．habits B．difficulties C．feelings D．choices 10．A．beautiful B．colourful C．successful D．careful 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Make it happen! 核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Understanding ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Understanding ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 重点短语集锦 1. a science fair 一场科学展览会 2. a robotic arm 机械臂 3. build sth. out of... 用…… 制作某物 4. plastic blocks 塑料块 5. fishing line 鱼线 6. an artificial arm 一只假肢/人造手臂 7. shook hands 握手 8. What’s worse 更糟糕的是 9. all the time 一直；总是 10. blow sb. away 使某人大为惊讶 11. lend (sb) a hand 帮助 (某人) 做事；(给某人) 搭把手 12. a 3-D printer 一台 3D 打印机 13. be able to 能够；可以 14. brain signals 大脑信号 15. good enough 足够好 16. weigh 3.6 kilograms 重 3.6 千克 17. fix problems 解决问题；修理故障 18. one after another 一个接一个 19. hit on success 获得成功；突然取得成功 20. make money 赚钱 21. post his design online 把他的设计发布到网上 22. for free 免费 23. allow sb. to do... 允许某人做…… 24. try to do 尽力 / 设法做某事 25. decide to do 决定做某事 26. enjoy doing 喜欢做某事；享受做某事 27. have a hard time doing 做某事很困难 28. wish to do 希望做某事 29. warn sb. about... 警告某人关于……；提醒某人当心…… 30. a smart walking stick 一根智能拐杖 31. win an award 获奖 32. receive many congratulations 收到许多祝贺 33. real life 现实生活 34. blind people's living conditions 盲人的生活条件 35. come up with 想出；提出（主意、方案） 36. solve the problem 解决这个问题 37. as imaginative as 和…… 一样富有想象力 2、 重点词汇解析 1. fair /feə/n. 展览会；集市；露天游乐场； adj. 公平的，合理的；(数量、大小)相当大的；(头发)浅色的，(皮肤)白皙的；(天气)晴朗的，晴好的；相当好的，不错的 [词汇拓展] unfair(adj.)不公平的；fairly(adv.)公平地；相当，十分 [词汇搭配] a science fair科学展览会；fair and square光明正大；a fair price公道的价格 fair to/on sb. 对某人是公平的；to be fair说句公道话 fair enough（指想法、建议）有道理，说得对；play fair 行事正直，做事光明正大 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) His knowledge of French is only fair. (adj.)相当好的，不错的 (2) It's not fair on the students to keep changing the timetable. (adj.)公平的，合理的 (3) A fair number of people came along. (adj.)（数量、大小）相当大的 (4) She has long fair hair. (adj.)浅色的 (5) Weather conditions were fair. (adj.)(天气)晴朗的，晴好的 (6) Let's take the kids to the fair. (n.)露天游乐场 2. block /blɒk/n. 一块 (指木头、石头等有直边的硬物)；大楼；街区； v. 堵住，挡住；妨碍，阻碍 [词汇搭配] plastic blocks塑料块；a block of ice一块冰；an office block办公大楼 block out 挡住(声音或光线)；忘掉，抹去(不愉快的事)；block up 塞住，封住 [词汇例句] She took the dog for a walk around the block.她带着狗绕街区散步。 Some students today blocked a highway.今天一些学生堵塞了公路。 [随学随练] 单项填空 There was a big tree that fell down during the storm. Now it ________ the road, and cars cannot pass. A．builds B．blocks C．breaks D．bends 【答案】B 【详解】句意：暴风雨期间有一棵大树倒了。现在它挡住了道路，车辆无法通行。 考查动词辨析。builds建造；blocks挡住；breaks打破；bends弯曲。根据“There was a big tree that fell down during the storm. Now it...the road, and cars cannot pass.”可知，倒下的大树挡住了道路。故选B。 3. cost /kɒst/v. 价格为，需支付 (某一数量的钱)；使损失；n. 费用；价钱；代价 [词汇拓展] <过去式>cost；<过去分词>cost；costly (adj.) 昂贵的；代价高的 [词汇搭配] at all cost/costs不惜任何代价；at any cost在任何情况下；无论如何 cover all your travel and hotel costs承担您的全部差旅和住宿费用 [词汇例句] That one mistake almost cost him his life. 那一个差错几乎使他丧命。 Tickets cost ten dollars each. 每张票价为十元。 [词汇辨析] cost / take / spend / pay · cost表示“某物花费了某人...钱”，用于“sth. cost sb.+金钱”结构。 The book cost me 200 yuan. 这本书花了我200元。 · take常用it作主语，用于“It takes +sb.+ 时间/努力/... +to do sth.”结构。 It took me 20 minutes to get to the train station. 到火车站花了20分钟时间。 · spend表示“某人花费时间/金钱做某事”，常用于“sb. spend +时间/金钱(+in)+doing sth.”或“sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth.” Mum spent 200 yuan on this sweater. 妈妈花了200块钱买这件毛衣。 · pay表示“支付”，常用于“sb. pay+金钱+for sth.”。 Tom paid 30 yuan for the juice. Tom支付了30元买饮料。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —How much is the ticket to Central Park? —A one-way ticket ________ 40 dollars, and you can ________ another 20 dollars for a round trip. A．spends; pay B．costs; spend C．pays; spend D．costs; pay 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——中央公园的门票多少钱？——单程票花费40美元，你可以再付20美元买往返票。   考查动词辨析。spend花费（主语是人）；pay花费（主语是人）；costs花费（主语是物）。根据“a one-way ticket”可知，单程票是物，且是第三人称单数，第一空应用costs；又根据“you”以及“for”可知，此处指你可以再花费20美元，因此应用pay，构成固定搭配“pay ... for ... ”。故选D。 4. condition /kənˈdɪʃn/n. n. 状况，状态；条件 [词汇拓展] conditional(adj.)有条件的；有前提的；unconditional (adj.)无条件的；无限制的 [词汇搭配] living conditions 生活条件；working conditions 工作条件 be in bad/good condition 处于糟糕的/良好的状态；out of condition状况不佳 on no condition 无论如何都不；决不 [词汇例句] Modern schools provide better conditions for teachers. 现代学校为教师提供更好的条件。 [随学随练] 用condition相关表达补全句子 (1) 你决不能告诉他们所发生的事。 You must on no condition tell them what happened. (2) 他体重超重，健康状况不佳。 He is overweight and out of condition. (3) 政府正在努力改善他们的生活条件。 The government are trying hard to improve their living conditions . (4) 如果你经常锻炼并摄入适当的食物，你的眼睛就能长时间保持良好的状态。 If you exercise regularly and eat the right kind of food, your eyes will stay in good condition for a long time. 5. lend /lend/v. 借给，借出 [词汇拓展] <过去式>lent；<过去分词>lent；borrow (v.)借入 [词汇搭配] lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物 lend (sb) a hand 帮助 (某人) 做事；(给某人) 搭把手 [词汇例句] I went over to see if I could lend a hand.我过去看我能不能帮上忙。 [词汇辨析] lend / borrow / keep · lend表示“借出”，常用搭配为：lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物。 I lent my dictionary to my classmate. 我把词典借给我同学了。 · borrow表示“借入”，常用搭配为：borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借入某物。 Can I borrow a pen from you?我可以借用你的钢笔吗？ · keep可以表示“保存”，可以与持续的时间段连用；borrow与lend不能这样用。 You can keep the book for two weeks. 这本书你可以借(保存)2个礼拜。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Can I ________ your pen, Tom? —Sorry. I’m using it , so I can’t _________ it to you. A．borrow, borrow B．lend, lend C．borrow, lend D．lend, borrow 【答案】C 【详解】句意:--汤姆，我能借你的钢笔吗?--抱歉。我正在用它，所以我不能把它借给你。 考查动词辨析。borrow借入;lend借出。根据“Sorry.1'musingi"可知，第一个空，句子表达的是说话者 想从汤姆那里借入钢笔，所以用borrow;第二个空，汤姆表示自己正在用，不能把钢笔借给对方，是借 出的意思，要用lend，故选C。 (2) —Can I ________ a book from you? —Certainly. But you mustn’t ________ it to others. And please remember you can only ________ it for a week. A．borrow; lend; borrow B．lend; borrow; keep C．lend; lend; keep D．borrow; lend; keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意:--我能向你借本书吗?--当然可以。但是你不能把它借给别人。请记住你只能借一个星期。考查动词辨析。borrow借来;lend借出;keep保管。第一处borrow sth from sb向某人借某物，第二处lend sth to sb把某物借给某人;第三处根据“for a week"可知，强调延续，用延续性动词keep表示保管。故选D。 6. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. 改善，改进；变得更好 [词汇拓展] improvement(n.)改进，改善 [词汇搭配] improve his work改进他的工作；improve your eating habits改善你的饮食习惯 [词汇例句] With the help of my teacher, my English improves day by day.在老师的帮助下，我的英 语一天比一天进步。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 花些时间提高英语水平对你来说很重要。 It’s important for you to spend some time improving your English. 7. invent /ɪnˈvent/v. 发明，创造 invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/n. 发明 (物) [词汇拓展] inventor(n.)发明者，发明家；inventive(adj.)善于创新的；有创意的 [词汇搭配] invent an artificial arm发明一只人造手臂；his new invention他的新发明 [词汇用法] · invent用作动词。 He invented the first electric clock.他发明了第一个电动机械钟。 · invention是名词，表示“发明物”时，指具体的东西，用作可数名词；表示“发明”时，指的是行为，用作不可数名词。 Fax machines were a wonderful invention at the time.传真机在当时是一项了不起的发明。 Such changes have not been seen since the invention of the printing press.自从发明了印刷机，这种变 革还没有出现过。 [随学随练] 用invent适当形式填空。 (1) Do you know who ________ (发明) the plane? 【答案】invented 【详解】句意：你知道谁发明了飞机吗？“发明”invent，主现从不限，发明飞机这个动作发生在过去，此处用一般过去时，从句谓语用invented。故填invented。 (2) Thomas Edison (爱迪生) was a ________ (invent) and a successful businessman. 【答案】inventor 【详解】句意：托马斯·爱迪生是一位发明家，也是一位成功的商人。句中空格前是冠词a，且与“and a successful businessman”并列，需填入表示“发明家”的名词单数。invent的名词形式为inventor，故填inventor。 (3) The ________ (invent) of the light changed people’s life greatly. 【答案】invention 【详解】句意：电灯的发明极大地改变了人们的生活。空格前有定冠词The，空格后有介词of，说明此处需要填名词。invent是动词，意为“发明”，它的名词形式invention表示“发明物；发明”，故填invention。 (4) The compass(指南针) was a great Chinese ________ (invent). 【答案】invention 【详解】句意：指南针是中国一项伟大的发明。形容词great和Chinese后需要接名词，括号内动词invent对应的名词形式为invention，符合语法规则与句子语义要求。 8. weigh /weɪ/v. 重，重量是…；称重量；认真考虑，权衡；斟酌(字句)；(对看法或结果)有影响，有分量 [词汇拓展] weight(n.)重量 [词汇搭配] weigh up to 860 kg重量可达860公斤；weigh your words推敲；斟酌字句 weigh down使烦恼，使焦虑；weigh on加重…的思想负担；使焦虑不安；使担忧 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中weigh的中文意思。 (1) She weighed the stone in her hand. (v.)称重量，量体重 (2) You must weigh up the pros and cons. (v.) 认真考虑；权衡 (3) He said the words very slowly, as if weighing each one of them. (v.) 斟酌(字句) (4) His past record weighs heavily against him. (v.) （对看法或结果）有影响；有分量 (5) Something was weighing on her mind. 加重…的思想负担；使焦虑不安；使担忧 9. fix /fɪks/v. 解决 (问题)；使固定，安装；决定，确定(日期，数量等)；修理，校正；安排，组织 [词汇拓展] fixed(adj.)固定的，不变的 [词汇搭配] fix problems解决问题；fix up 修理；装饰；fix on选定；决定 fix one’s eyes on...集中目光于... [随学随练] 写出下列句子中fix的中文意思。 (1) He's going to fix a time when I can see him. 决定，确定(日期，数量等) (2) The car won't start─can you fix it? 修理，校正 (3) It's not too late to fix the problem, although time is clearly getting short. 解决，处理 (4) You should fix it on the wall. 使固定，安装 (5) I've fixed it for you to see Bonnie Lachlan. 安排 10. allow/əˈlaʊ/ v. 允许，容许，准许 [词汇拓展] disallow(v.)不允许，不接受 [词汇搭配] allow doing sth. 允许做某事；allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事；allow for考虑到 [词汇例句] Our teacher doesn’t allow us to use mobile phones in class. 我们老师不允许我们在课堂 上使用手机。 [随学随练] 用所给词适当形式填空 (1) Mr. Wang allows us ________ (take) a camera while we explore Mount Tai. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意:--王老师允许我们在游览泰山时带上相机。--太好了! 考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to dosth.“允许某人做某事”，因此需用to take。 (2) As we all know, the library doesn’t allow ________ (talk) loudly or running after each other. 【答案】talking 【详解】句意:众所周知，图书馆不允许大声交谈和互相追逐 考查非谓语动词。allow doing sth.“允许做某事”，固定搭配，要用动名词talking。故填talking。 11. solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决 [词汇拓展] solution(n.)解决方式；solver(n.)(问题的)解决者 [词汇搭配] solve the problem解决问题 [词汇例句] We’ll try out best to solve the problem.我么将会尽最大的努力解决这个问题。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It's best not to run away from our problems.We should always try to ________ them． A．solve B．take C．get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：最好不要逃避我们的问题．我们应该总是试着解决它们。solve解决；take拿走；get得到。根据第一句It's best not to run away from our problems可知，此处为我们应该总是试着解决它们。故选A。 12. blind /blaɪnd/adj. 盲的，失明的；对...视而不见的；盲目的 [词汇拓展] blindly(adv.) 盲目地，未经思考地；blindness(n.)盲，失明 deaf (adj.)聋的；dumb(adj.)哑的 [词汇搭配] blind people 盲人；be blind to 对...视而不见；未察觉到 turn a blind eye (to sth)（对某事）佯装不见，睁一只眼闭一只眼 [词汇例句] One of her parents is blind. 她的父母有一个是盲人。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Guide dogs are very smart and they can help ________ people walk safely. A．deaf B．homeless C．blind D．poor 【答案】C 【详解】句意：导盲犬非常聪明，它们可以帮助失明的人安全行走。 deaf聋的；homeless无家可归的；blind失明的；poor贫穷的。根据“Guide dogs”及“walk safely”可知，导盲犬是专门训练来帮助盲人引路的，符合语境。 (2) —What do you think of your boss? —Not very strict. He sometimes turns a ________ eye to smoking in the office. A．fair B．blind C．serious D．crazy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得你的老板怎么样？——不是很严格。有时他对在办公室吸烟（的行为）视而不见。 考查形容词辨析。fair公平的；blind失明的；serious严肃的；crazy疯狂的。根据“Not very strict. He sometimes turns a...eye to smoking in the office.”可知，老板不太严厉，所以他对在办公室吸烟（的行为）视而不见，turn a blind eye to表示“对……视而不见”。故选B。 13. warn /wɔːn/v. 警告，告诫；提醒 [词汇拓展] warning (n.)警告 [词汇搭配] warn sb. about/of...提醒/警告某人某事 warn sb. not to do / warn sb. against doing 警告某人不要做某事 [词汇例句] I tried to warn him, but he wouldn't listen. 我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。 [随学随练] 用warn相关表达补全句子 (1) 他告诫Billy离窗户远点。 He warned Billy to keep away from the window. (2) 老师告诫我们晚上不要单独出门。 The teacher warns us not to go out alone at night. The teacher warns us against going out alone at night. (3) 我爸爸经常告诫我在网上留下大量个人信息是不安全的。 My father often warns me that it’s unsafe to leave much personal information on the Internet. 14. sense /sens/v. 检测出；感觉到；n. 理解力；感觉；意义，含义 [词汇拓展] sensible(adj.)理智的，合理的 [词汇搭配] a great sense of humor 幽默感；a strong sense of purpose强烈的目标感，使命感 common sense常识；make sense有道理；合乎情理 make sense of理解，弄懂(不易理解的事物)；in a sense从某种意义上说 [词汇例句] He has a very good sense of direction. 他的方向感很强。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1)— Let’s turn off the lights to save the energy. — ________ Every little counts. A． Are you joking? B．That makes sense. C．That depends. D．Are you sure? 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们关灯来节约能源吧。  ——有道理。积少成多嘛。     考查情景交际。Are you joking你在开玩笑吗；That makes sense有道理；That depends看情况；Are you sure你确定吗。根据答句“Every little counts”（积少成多）可知，应答者认同关灯节能的做法，因此选择表示赞同的选项。B项“That makes sense”最符合语境，故选B。 (2)—I’m sure Cindy will be able to find the hotel. —She has a good ________ of direction. A．idea B．sense C．experience D．feeling 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我肯定Cindy能找到酒店。——她的方向感很好。 考查名词词义辨析。idea主意；sense感觉；experience经验；feeling感情。故选B。 15. congratulations /kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃnz/ n. 祝贺的话；祝贺，恭喜 [词汇拓展] congratulate(v.)祝贺，恭喜 [词汇搭配] Congratulations (on …)! (对……表示)祝贺！ [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —I passed my driving test yesterday. —Did you? ________ A．Forget it! B．Congratulations! C．Thanks. D．Don't worry. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨天我通过了驾照考试。——真的吗？恭喜！A. Forget it!忘了它；B. Congratulations!恭喜你；C. Thanks.谢谢；D. Don't worry. 不要担心。根据 "I passed my driving test yesterday" 可知，此处应对别人的好消息表示祝贺。只有 B 符合语境，故答案为B。 (2) —Congratulations on your graduation, Paul! I’m so proud of you. —________ I couldn’t have done it without your support. A．Take it easy. B．Thanks a lot. C．It doesn’t matter. D．It’s up to you. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——恭喜你毕业，保罗！我为你感到骄傲。——非常感谢。没有你的支持，我不可能做到。 考查交际用语。Take it easy别紧张，放松点（用于安慰他人）；Thanks a lot多谢（用于回应祝福或帮助）；It doesn’t matter没关系（用于回应道歉或表示不在意）；It’s up to you由你决定（用于让对方做选择）。根据“Congratulations on your graduation”可知，对方在表达祝贺，此时应礼貌回应感谢。“Thanks a lot.”符合回应祝福的场景，且后句“I couldn’t have done it without your support”进一步强调对对方帮助的感激。故选B。 16. everyday /ˈevrideɪ/adj. 日常的；平常的；每天的 [词汇搭配] everyday life日常生活 [词汇例句] The Internet has become part of everyday life .互联网已成为日常生活的一部分。 [词汇辨析] · everyday和daily都可以表示“每日的，日常的”，且都只用于名词前。 The Internet has become part of our daily/everyday life. 互联网已经成为我们日常生活的一部分。 · every day用作副词，意思是每天，多用在句尾来修饰整个句子，表示某人每天都要做某件事。 I go swimming every day in order to stay healthy. 我每天游泳以保持健康。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 If you want to learn English well, you should read ________ English ________. A．everyday; everyday B．everyday; every day C．every day; everyday D．every day; every day 【答案】B 【详解】句意:如果你想学好英语，你应该每天读日常英语考查形容词和副词。 everyday每天的，日常的，形容词;everyday每天，副词。根据“read.English…”可知，空一处修饰名词English，应用形容词;空二处修饰整个句子“you should read.English”，用副词。故选B。 17. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/v. 使忧虑，使苦恼；劳驾，麻烦 ；n. 苦恼；困难 [词汇拓展] <过去式>troubled；<动词-ing> troubling troublesome(adj.)令人烦恼的；讨厌的；令人痛苦的 [词汇搭配] have trouble (in) doing...做某事有困难；have trouble with sth. 某方面有困难 in trouble有麻烦；get into trouble遇到麻烦；陷入麻烦 take the trouble to do...不厌其烦地做 Sorry to trouble you(常用于客气的请求劳驾)对不起打扰您一下 [词汇例句] I don't want to put you to a lot of trouble . 我不想给你添很多的麻烦。 [随学随练] 用trouble相关表达补全句子 (1) 她嫌麻烦，甚至连我的姓名如何拼写都不想搞清楚。 She didn't even take the trouble to find out how to spell my name. (2) 我如不按时把这完成就要倒霉了。 If I don't get this finished in time, I'll be in trouble . (3) 对不起打扰您一下，请问几点了？ Sorry to trouble you, but could you tell me the time? (4) 起初，这个男孩很难和新同学相处。 The boy had trouble getting along with his new classmates at first. (5) Dorothy在遇到一个陌生人后陷入麻烦。 Dorothy got into trouble after she met a stranger. 18. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/adj. 有创造力的 [词汇拓展] create (v.) 创造；创作；creativity (n.)创造力；creation(n.)创造；创造物 creator(n.)创造者；creatively(adv.)创造性地 [词汇搭配] do creative work 做创造性的工作；develop creativity 培养创造力 [随学随练] 用creative的适当形式填空 (1) She created a special cap that could record the elephant seals’ brain activity. (2) Although it is good to use AI, your own ideas and creativity are important too. (3) Thanks to their creative design and fresh ideas, Weifang nut carving(核雕) artworks have been increasingly welcomed by people in China.  (4) Very successful creators don’t give up when they get something wrong. (5) Since its creation in the late 1990s, the technology has become more and more improved and widely used. 19. imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/adj. 富有想象力的；创新的 [词汇拓展] imagine(v.) 想象；猜想；imagination(n.)想象；想象力； unimaginative(adj.)无创意的；缺乏想象力的 imaginatively(adv.)创造性地，别出心裁地 [词汇搭配] as imaginative as和…一样富有想象力；an imaginative idea有创意的思想 [词汇例句] He is an imaginative writer. 他是个想象力丰富的作家 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The novel is very popular because it is full of ________ (imagine). 【答案】imagination 【详解】句意：这部小说很受欢迎，因为它充满想象力。介词of后面需要接名词，所以变为名词imagination，意为“想象力”。 (2) The children came up with an ________ (imagine) idea for their school project. 【答案】imaginative 【详解】句意：孩子们为他们的学校课题想出了一个富有想象力的主意。此处需用形容词修饰名词idea，imagine对应的形容词为imaginative“富有想象力的”。故填imaginative。 (3) It’s very hard for us ________ (imagine) living a life without the Internet. 【答案】to imagine 【详解】句意：对我们来说，想象没有互联网的生活是很困难的。句中有固定句型It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，后面要接动词不定式，imagine（想象；猜想）的不定式形式是to imagine，故填to imagine。 3、 重难句型解析 1. (教材原句)“Hello,”said a girl with an artificial arm, as she shook hands with Easton's work. 此句中as用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当...时”，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。 如： 2. (教材原句)This was the first time Easton met Jenny.这是Easton第一次见到Jenny。 “This is/was the+序数词+time+从句”表示“这是第几次做某事。”从句通常使用完成时态。也可以使用一般时态。 如：It’s the third that I have visited Hongkong. 这是我第三次来香港。 3. (教材原句)What's worse, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time. 更糟糕的是，像她这样的孩子长得快，经常需要更换新的假肢。 “what's worse”意为“更糟糕的是”， 用于引出一个更加糟糕或严重的情况，加强语气。 4. (教材原句)“It blew me away!I built my arm for only $300，”thought Easton. “这让我大吃一惊！我只花了300美元就造出了假肢。” Easton心想。 “blow sb. away”意为“使某人大为惊讶”。 5. (教材原句)What a helping hand！多么好的“援手”！ 这是一个有what引导的感叹句，句型结构为：“What+a/an+adj.+单数名词！” 此结构中名词若为复数形式或不可数名词，则没有a/an，变成“What+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词”。 a helping hand意为“援手，帮助”。 本句一语双关，字面意思表示“提供帮助的手”，指代机械手臂。也表示对Easton和其发明的赞美。 4、 综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) In ancient China, people stored (储存) ice ________ (块) in winter for use in summer. 【答案】blocks 【详解】句意：在古代中国，人们在冬天储存冰块以备夏天使用。“块”block，ice前无限定词，此处block用复数形式blocks。故填blocks。 (2) The book ________ (展览会) attracts many publishers(出版商) and readers every year. 【答案】fair 【详解】句意：这场图书展览会每年吸引众多出版商和读者。固定搭配book fair表示“图书展览会”；谓语动词attracts为第三人称单数形式，说明主语是单数名词，因此fair使用单数形式。 (3) This new computer will ________ (花费) you much money. 【答案】cost 【详解】句意：这台新电脑会花费你很多钱。cost“花费”，常用物作主语，且will后跟动词原形。故填cost。 (4) All the villagers’ living ________ (状况) have changed greatly in recent years. 【答案】conditions 【详解】句意：近年来，所有村民的生活条件都发生了很大变化。根据“have changed”可知，主语为复数名词短语，condition“状况”，其复数形式为conditions。故填conditions。 (5) 他在很难的数学考试中取得的满分成绩让他的老师大为惊讶。 His perfect score on the difficult Maths test ________ ________ ________ ________ . 【答案】blew his teacher away 【详解】对比中英文可知，空格处缺少“让他的老师大为惊讶”；根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考blow sb. away“让某人大为惊讶”，动词短语；句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，动词blow的过去式为blew；his teacher“他的老师”。故填blew his teacher away。 (6) Can you ________ (借给) me your Chinese book? 【答案】lend 【详解】句意：能把你的语文书借给我吗？lend“借给”，表示主语把物品借出去，情态动词“Can”后面用动词原形。故填lend。 (7) I ________ (lend) my favorite book to Tom last week. 【答案】lent 【详解】句意：上周我把我最喜欢的书借给了汤姆。句中“last week”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；lend是不规则动词，过去式为lent，故填lent。 我们总是乐于通过伸出援手来互相帮助。 We are always ready to help each other by ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 giving/lending a hand 【详解】原句中“伸出援手”是关键词，表示“伸出援手”的短语是give/lend a hand，介词by后接动名词。故填giving/lending；a；hand。 (8) We are looking forward to ________ (改进，改善) our living environment. 【答案】improving 【详解】句意：我们期待着改善我们的生活环境。此处需要一个动词，表示“改进，改善”，对应英文为improve。句中look forward to意为“期待”，后面要接动名词，因此动词improve需变为动名词形式improving。 (9) When the elephant was born, it w________ (重量) about 100 kilos. 【答案】weighed/eighed 【详解】句意：这头大象出生的时候，重约100千克。时间状语从句为一般过去时，主句时态保持一致；动词weigh表示“重量为”，过去式为weighed，契合首字母提示与中文释义。 (10) My mother bought three ________ (千克) of apples from the supermarket this morning. 【答案】kilograms/kilos 【详解】句意：我妈妈今天早上从超市买了三千克苹果。根据“three”及汉语提示可知，“千克”的英文kilogram是可数名词，此处应用复数形式kilograms；kilo是kilogram的缩写，复数形式是kilos，也适用于此处。故填kilograms/kilos。 (11) They’re sending an engineer to f________ (安装) the phone. 【答案】(f)ix 【详解】句意：他们派了一名工程师来安装电话。根据汉语及首字母可知，用fix表示“安装”，to后跟动词原形。故填(f)ix。 (12) Please d________ (下载) the latest app from the official website. 【答案】download/ownload 【详解】句意：请从官方网站下载最新的应用程序。本句是please开头的祈使句，祈使句要用动词原形，结合首字母d和汉语提示下载可知，符合逻辑的词是download。 (13) The boy’s parents ________（允许）him to play computer games for an hour every weekend. 【答案】allow 【详解】句意：男孩的父母允许他每周玩一个小时的电脑游戏。“允许”对应英文单词allow，allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”；根据“for an hour every weekend”可知时态是一般现在时，主语parents是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填allow。 (14) The new device can help people ________ (解决) everyday problems easily. 【答案】solve/to solve 【详解】句意：新设备可以帮助人们轻松解决日常问题。此处表示“解决”用动词“solve”，“help”后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成“help sb. (to) do sth.”结构，不定式符号“to”可省略，故填solve/to solve。 (15) Some traffic signs ________ (警告) us not to do something and keep us safe from danger. 【答案】warn 【详解】句意：一些交通标志警告我们不要做某事，以保护我们免受危险。warn“警告”，时态为一般现在时，主语是复数signs，动词用原形。故填warn。 (16) To our surprise, this b________ (盲的) boy can sing songs so beautifully. 【答案】(b)lind 【详解】句意：让我们惊讶的是，这个盲人男孩可以唱歌唱得如此优美。根据中文提示可知，对应的英文表达是blind，形容词作定语。故填(b)lind。 (17) A good learner usually has a good ________ (理解力；感觉) of how to make learning fun. 【答案】sense 【详解】句意：一个好的学习者通常具有良好的理解力，这种能力能够使学习变得有趣。sense“理解力；感觉”，名词。have a good sense of“对……有很好的理解力”，故填sense。 (18) The heavy rain t________ (使苦恼) the farmers who want to harvest their crops. 【答案】troubles/roubles 【详解】句意：大雨使想要收割庄稼的农民们苦恼。根据首字母以及汉语提示，此处使用trouble“使苦恼”，句中时态为一般现在时，主语the heavy rain为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式troubles。 (19) We should encourage children to be ________ (有创造力的) and think outside the box. 【答案】creative 【详解】句意：我们应该鼓励孩子们变得有创造力，打破常规去思考。be动词后面需要使用形容词作表语，“有创造力的”对应的英文单词是creative。 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) The school doesn’t allow students ________ (bring) mobile phones to class. 【答案】to bring 【详解】句意：学校不允许学生把手机带到课堂。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.，意为“允许某人做某事”，bring需变为不定式to bring。 (2) The library doesn’t allow ________ (eat) food inside. 【答案】eating 【详解】句意：图书馆不允许在里面吃食物。“allow doing sth.”意为“允许做某事”，allow后直接接动名词作宾语，所以动词eat要变为eating。 (3) You shouldn’t follow others ________ (blind) without thinking for yourself. 【答案】blindly 【详解】句意：你不应该不假思索地盲目追随他人。此处修饰动词follow“追随”，须用副词，blind的副词形式是blindly，意为“盲目地”。 (4) Lily is a smart girl. She is such a ________ girl and she can do something with her own hands. Last week she spent two days ________ a model bird. Her natural ________ makes her very popular in her school. (create) 【答案】 creative creating creativity 【详解】句意：Lily是一个聪明的女孩。她真是一个富有创造力的女孩，能够亲手制作东西。上周，她花了两天时间创作了一个鸟类模型。她天生的创造力让她在学校里很受欢迎。第一空修饰名词“girl”，需要用形容词作定语，create的形容词形式是creative，意为“有创造力的”，符合语境；spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，所以要把create变为动名词形式creating；第三空填名词作主语，creativity表示“创造力”，符合语法语境。故填creative；creating；creativity。 (5) My suitcase ________ 24 kilograms, but the airport’s ________ limit was 23 kilograms, so I had to take some things out. (weigh) 【答案】 weighed weight 【详解】句意：我的行李箱重24公斤，但机场的重量限制是23公斤，所以我不得不拿出一些东西。根据“was”可知是一般过去时，第一空是谓语动词，应用过去式weighed；第二空是名词作定语，weigh的名词形式是weight“重量”。 (6) The rare stamp ________ (cost) him 200 yuan last month. 【答案】cost 【详解】句意：这枚珍贵的邮票上个月花了他200元。根据时间状语“last month”可知，句子用一般过去时，“cost”的过去式不变，应填cost。 (7) I ________ (lend) my book to Tom yesterday, and he hasn’t returned it yet. 【答案】lent 【详解】句意：我昨天把我的书借给了汤姆，可他还没有把书还给我。根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，应使用一般过去时，lend的一般过去式为lent，故填lent。 (8) The ________ (improve) in living conditions has made people’s life much easier. 【答案】improvement 【详解】句意：生活条件的改善使人们的生活变得容易多了。空格处应是名词作主语，括号内所给词“improve”为动词，其名词形式为“improvement”，意为“改善”，为不可数名词，原形即可，故填improvement。 (9) This ________ (print) is broken. We need to buy a new one for the office. 【答案】printer 【详解】句意：这台打印机坏了。我们需要为办公室买一台新的。本空在This后面作主语，要用单数可数名词。print是动词，意为“打印”，名词printer表示“打印机”，故填printer。 (10) The boy wants to make lots of useful ________ (invent) and become a great ________ (invent) like Thomas Edison. 【答案】 inventions inventor 【详解】句意：这个男孩想要创造出许多实用的发明，成为像托马斯·爱迪生一样伟大的发明家。‌第一空括号内动词invent转换为表示“发明物”的名词形式‌invention‌，空格前有lots of（许多），后面需要接可数名词复数，因此变为‌inventions‌，作make的宾语，符合“创造实用发明”的语义。‌第二空括号内动词invent转换为表示身份的名词‌inventor‌，意为“发明家”，空格前有不定冠词a和形容词great修饰，填入可数名词单数inventor，作become的表语，和后文“像托马斯·爱迪生”的发明家身份完全对应。 (11) My mother warned me ________ (not touch) the hot water. 【答案】not to touch 【详解】句意：妈妈警告我不要碰热水。warn sb. (not) to do sth.意为“警告某人(不要)做某事”。warn后面要接不定式to do；否定形式把not放在to的前面变为not to do，故填not to touch。 (12) I offered my sincere ________ (congratulate) to him on his success in the competition. 【答案】congratulations 【详解】句意：我对他在比赛中取得的成功表达了诚挚的祝贺。形容词sincere后面需要接名词，congratulate是动词“祝贺”；表示向某人祝贺，常用复数形式congratulations。 (13) The officers had trouble ________ (weight) an elephant. 【答案】weighing 【详解】句意：警官们给大象称重遇到了困难。本题考查固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth.，意为“做某事有困难”，搭配要求此处使用动名词；所给词weight是名词“重量”，它的动词形式是weigh，意为“称重”，weighing an elephant作句中省略的介词in的宾语，符合结构和语义要求。故填weighing。 (14) If all are willing to give a ________ (help) hand, the world will be a better place. 【答案】helping 【详解】句意：如果所有的人愿意伸出援手，世界将变成更好的地方。help“帮助”，动词，此处作定语应用动名词形式，故填helping。 (15) He got up late in the morning. What’s ________ (bad), his bike was broken. 【答案】worse 【详解】句意：他早上起床晚了，更糟糕的是，他的自行车坏了。bad“坏的，糟糕的”，形容词；固定搭配what’s worse意为“更糟糕的是”，用于承接前文表示情况进一步恶化，此处需要用bad的比较级worse。故填worse。 (16) Our school decided ________ (build) a new playground this year. 【答案】to build 【详解】句意：我们学校决定今年建一个新操场。句中“decided”后接动词时，常用结构为“decide to do sth.”，表示“决定做某事”，括号内所给词为“build”，用“to build”。 (17) With enough practice, you will be able ________ (solve) this kind of math problem easily. 【答案】to solve 【详解】句意：有了足够的练习，你将能轻松解决这类数学题。solve“解决”，动词；be able to do sth.“能够做某事”，空格前为“be able”，故需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to solve。 (18) This box of apples weighs 2 ________ (kilogram). 【答案】kilograms 【详解】句意：这箱苹果重2千克。“kilogram”是可数名词，意为“千克，公斤”；根据“This box of apples weighs 2...”可知，此处表示“2千克”，所以要用复数形式“kilograms”。故填kilograms。 3. 单项填空。 (1) With the development of AI tools like Kimi, people can do many things in a more ________ way than before. A．difficult B．dangerous C．creative D．traditional 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着像Kimi这样的人工智能工具的发展，人们现在可以用比以前更有创造性的方式做很多事情。 difficult困难的；dangerous危险的；creative有创造性的；traditional传统的。根据“With the development of AI tools like Kimi”可知，人工智能工具的发展有助于创新，使人们做事的方式更具创造性，creative符合语境。 (2) —We’re making a small table in the DIY class. What kind of wood do we need? —This ________ of wood is perfect for making a small table. A．fair B．block C．cost D．condition 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们在DIY课上要做一个小桌子。我们需要哪种木材？——这块木材非常适合做小桌子。 考查形容词和名词辨析。fair公平的；block块、木块； cost成本；condition条件、状况。根据“This...making a small table”可知，指一块木材，符合DIY制作小桌子的语境。故选B。 (3) It ________ me two hours to finish the project, and the materials ________ me 200 yuan. A．took; cost B．spent; paid C．paid; took D．cost; spent 【答案】A 【详解】句意：完成这个项目花了我两个小时，这些材料花了我200元。 took花费；spent花费；paid支付；cost花费。句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”表示做某事花费某人多长时间，第一个空用took；主语the materials是物品，cost表示某物花费多少钱，第二个空用cost。故填took；cost。 (4) When you take part in sports games, ________ play matters more than the result. A．fair B．challenging C．injured D．strong 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当你参加体育比赛时，公平比赛比结果更重要。 fair公平的；challenging具有挑战性的；injured受伤的；strong强壮的。根据“When you take part in sports games”及“matters more than the result”可知，此处强调体育精神，即“公平竞争”比结果更重要，fair play意为“公平竞争”。用fair。 (5) —How long can I ________ your dictionary? —For a month. But you can’t ________ it to your classmates. A．borrow; lend B．lend; borrow C．keep; borrow D．keep; lend 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我可以借用你的字典多长时间？——一个月。但是你不能把它借给你的同学。 how long对时间段提问，谓语动词需用延续性动词，borrow和lend均为瞬间动词，keep为延续性动词，故第一空填keep，排除选项A和B；lend sth. to sb.意为“把某物借给某人”，borrow与from连用，根据第二空后的“to”可知，第二空用“lend”，排除选项C。 (6) — Chen Jie, your friends gave you two different ideas for the weekend. What will you do? — I need to ________ which one is better for my plan. A．weigh B．note C．image D．count 【答案】A 【详解】句意：—— 陈洁，你的朋友们给了你两个不同的周末主意。你会怎么做？—— 我需要权衡哪一个更适合我的计划。 weigh权衡；note注意；image形象；count数数。根据“two different ideas”和“which one is better”可知，面对两个不同的主意需要斟酌权衡哪个更好。 (7) The school doesn’t ________ students to download games on school computers. A．warn B．allow C．fix D．solve 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校‌不允许‌学生在学校电脑上下载游戏。 warn警告；allow允许；fix修理；solve解决。warn‌常搭配warn sb. (not) to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”； ‌fix‌接具体事物，如fix a computer“修电脑”；solve‌一般接名词“问题”，如solve a problem“解决问题”；warn搭配“warn sb. of sth./warn sb. not to do sth.”，语义不符，只有allow‌ 既符合语义(允许/不允许)，又符合语法结构allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。应选allow。 (8) The zoo keeper doesn’t allow ________ here. A．smoke B．to smoke C．smoking D．smokes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：动物园管理员不允许在这里吸烟。 考查动名词作宾语。smoke抽烟，动词原形；to smoke抽烟，不定式；smoking抽烟，动名词；smokes抽烟，第三人称单数形式。根据“allow”可知考查allow doing sth“允许做某事”。故选C。 (9) The young man made a ___________ choice, not thinking about what might happen next. A．wise B．proper C．blind D．careful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个年轻人做了一个盲目的选择，没有考虑接下来会发生什么。 考查形容词辨析。wise明智的；proper合适的；blind盲目的；careful小心的。根据“not thinking about what might happen next.”可知，应该说年轻人做了一个盲目的选择，故选C。 (10) When walking alone at night, Lily could ________ that someone was following her, so she walked faster. A．sense B．accept C．watch D．touch 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在晚上独自走路时，莉莉能感觉到有人在跟着她，所以她走得更快了。 考查动词辨析。sense感觉到；accept接受；watch观看；touch触摸。根据“someone was following her”可知，此处表示“感觉到”有人跟踪，“sense”符合语境。故选A。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 阅读理解 A 3-D printing is one of the most exciting technologies of the 21st century. It allows us to create three-dimensional objects from a digital file. Unlike traditional manufacturing, which involves cutting or carving materials away, 3-D printing builds objects layer by layer. This makes it possible to create complex shapes that would be very difficult to make with traditional methods. 3-D printing has many applications. In the medical field, it is used to create custom prosthetics, such as artificial arms and legs, that fit the user perfectly. In architecture, it is used to create detailed models of buildings. In education, it helps students bring their designs to life. One of the greatest advantages of 3-D printing is that it can reduce costs. For example, Easton LaChappelle used a 3-D printer to create an artificial arm that cost only $500, compared to $80,000 for a traditional one. 3-D printing is also more sustainable because it produces less waste. As the technology continues to improve, it will likely change many industries and make products more accessible to people around the world. 1．What is the main topic of the passage? A．Easton LaChappelle’s story. B．The history of manufacturing. C．3-D printing technology and its uses. D．Medical treatments for disabilities. 2．How does 3-D printing work? A．It cuts materials away. B．It builds objects layer by layer. C．It carves objects from wood. D．It melts metal into shapes. 3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an application of 3-D printing? A．Custom prosthetics. B．Building models. C．Food production. D．Education. 4．What is one advantage of 3-D printing mentioned in the passage? A．It is always faster than traditional methods. B．It produces more waste. C．It can reduce costs. D．It requires no digital files. 5．How does the passage support the idea that 3-D printing is beneficial? A．By explaining its disadvantages. B．By comparing it to Easton’s story. C．By providing examples of its uses. D．By describing its history. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了3D打印技术的原理、应用领域、显著优势（如降低成本、减少浪费）及其对未来行业的影响。 【详解】 1．文章首句指出“3-D printing is one of the most exciting technologies...”，随后围绕3D打印的工作原理、应用场景（医疗、建筑、教育）及优势展开论述。 2．文章第三句“Unlike traditional manufacturing... 3-D printing builds objects layer by layer.”提到，3D打印是通过逐层构建物体来工作的。 3．文章提到了“In the medical field... custom prosthetics”，“In architecture... models of buildings”，“In education... bring their designs to life”。文中未提及食品生产（Food production）。 4．文章中间部分“One of the greatest advantages of 3-D printing is that it can reduce costs.”提到，降低成本是文中明确提到的优势之一。 5．文章为了说明3D打印是有益的，列举了它在医疗、建筑、教育领域的具体应用实例，并用Easton的例子具体说明了成本优势。这些都是通过提供具体使用案例（examples of its uses）来支持观点的。 B On February 25th, some elderly care robots were shown to the public. These robots are great helpers for old people and bring lots of convenience (便利) and happiness to their lives. These robots are very useful in daily life. They can remind old people to take medicine at the right time. As for those who have trouble walking, the robots can walk beside them. They use sensors (传感器) to know if the old people are not steady and stop them from falling. Some robots can even go outside with old people, like walking in the park or going to the nearby shops because they have navigation systems (导航系统). Loneliness is a big problem for many old people. But these robots can be good friends. They can talk to old people. They can tell interesting stories, like fairy tales or stories from history. They can also talk about everyday things, such as the weather, local news, or the latest TV shows. This not only makes old people feel less lonely but also helps their minds stay active. The robots can also do small jobs. They can pick up light things that old people drop, like a book or glasses. For housework, they can do easy things like cleaning the living room, folding clothes, or sweeping the floor. This helps old people keep their homes clean without getting too tired. In the future, these robots will probably have even more uses. They may be like family doctors. For example, they can check heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature all the time. If there is anything wrong, the robot can quickly tell family members or doctors. They might also be able to help with more difficult medical things, like helping to dress a wound (伤口) with a doctor’s help. As technology gets better, making these robots will cost less. Then more families can afford them. When more people can buy these robots, more money will be put into making them better. So, the robots will work even better and be of higher quality (质量). As the people get older, more and more families need help taking care of the old. In the future, elderly care robots will play an important role in our society. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “remind” in Chinese? A．提醒 B．要求 C．请求 D．回忆 2．Why are these robots especially helpful for the old people who live alone? A．They can repair broken furniture. B．They can help the old people find jobs. C．They can teach the old people how to use smartphones D．They can stay with them and help with daily tasks. 3．Which of the following statements is NOT right? A．Old people’s quality of life may be improved. B．Fewer families will need these robots in the future. C．The cost of making these robots will be low. D．More functions may be added to these robots in the future. 4．What can we know about the future of these robots? A．They will only be used in hospital. B．They will become less useful over time. C．They will become cheaper and better. D．They will replace all human work. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。围绕老年护理机器人展开，介绍其功能、对独居老人的帮助、未来发展趋势等内容。 【详解】 1．词句猜测题。根据“They can remind old people to take medicine at the right time.”可知，机器人能在合适的时间“提醒”老人吃药。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Loneliness is a big problem for many old people. But these robots can be good friends. ... The robots can also do small jobs. They can pick up light things... For housework, they can do easy things...”可知，独居老人面临孤独问题，机器人既能陪伴聊天（缓解孤独），又能帮忙完成日常任务（如捡东西、做家务）。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“As the people get older, more and more families need help”可知，随着人口的老化，越来越多的家庭需要帮助，而不是没有。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“As technology gets better, making these robots will cost less. ... more money will be put into making them better. So, the robots will work even better and be of higher quality.”可知，技术进步将使机器人成本降低（cheaper），同时质量和功能提升（better）。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第1段“总述老年护理机器人的作用”；第2-5段“分述机器人的具体功能和未来发展”；第6段“总结机器人未来的社会重要性”。所以文章结构对应“总—分—总”结构。故选B。 2. 任务型阅读 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答问题。 Dear students, Yesterday, we started the “Young inventors, Big hearts” science festival. What did you invent? Why did you invent it? And how did you feel? Please share your stories. Jack            10:00 AM  2 November My dad is a doctor who sometimes has to kneel (跪) on the ground for hours to finish operations (手术). He often came home with sore knees. Then I decided to help. At first, I knew nothing about robots, but I spent weeks reading materials and testing small models. After many failures (and late nights!), I finally created the “Kneeling-Easy” robot. It protects users from heavy pressure on the knees and lets doctors move freely through somatosensory (体感) control. Now my dad proudly uses it at work. All those failures and sleepless nights were worth it. Tony            10:30 AM  2 November One day, I saw a blind man get burned while pouring hot water . I couldn’t get that situation out of my mind. I wanted to help! I started learning about sensors (传感器) and speakers. I studied many materials. There were so many times it didn’t work—the voice was too soft, the sensor too slow—but I kept improving. Finally, I created a blind-friendly bottle. It can tell users when the bottle is nearly filled. Now, I’m glad to see my hard work is making others’ life a little better . Lily            8 minutes ago At the subway station, I once saw a mom’s safety rope almost get caught in the train doors. This sudden danger made the scared kid keep crying! I started to do research on how locks work. It took several models before I got it right—the first one out of control, the second broke, the third finally worked! The new Safe Parent-Child Rope has a lock, so parents can unlock the rope in dangerous situations. Each time I saw kids stay close and safe with families, I felt satisfied. 1．Did Jack know well about robots at first? 2．How does Tony’s bottle protect blind users from hot water? 3．What do the three students’ inventions have in common? 4．What do you think of these inventions? Why? Choose one to reply. (about 30 words) 【答案】1．No./No, he didn’t. 2．It can tell blind users when the bottle is nearly filled./ By telling blind users when the bottle is nearly filled. 3．Their inventions come from real-life needs, involve many failures and finally make a difference to those in need. 4．Hi, Jack! Your robot is really fantastic! It shows your deep care to your dad. And it can give doctors much protection and freedom. What a thoughtful and useful invention!/Tony, I like this friendly and creative bottle. It helps to avoid risk for blind people and reflects your kindness. Your persistence paid off!/Hey, Lily. Your Safe Parent-Child rope is such a sweet and caring invention! It eases subway fears for families. Kids can keep close and safe! Well done! 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了三位学生在“少年发明家，爱心无限”科学节上分享的各自的发明故事，包括发明的初衷、过程以及感受。 【详解】 1．根据Jack分享部分第2段“At first, I knew nothing about robots”可知，他起初对机器人并不了解，因此是否定回答。 2．根据Tony分享部分第3段“It can tell users when the bottle is nearly filled.”可知，这个瓶子通过在快装满时提醒用户来保护盲人免受热水烫伤。 3．三位学生的发明都来源于现实生活中的真实需求，都经历了多次失败和改进，最终都帮助了有需要的人。这是对三则材料的共同点概括。 4．本题为开放性问题，要求评价这些发明、说明原因并选择其中一个进行回复，言之有理，字数符合要求即可。 3. 完形填空 Have you ever made something that no one else has made before? People who make something new are called 1 . Victor Ochoa was one of those people. He 2 many things and one of them was a flying machine. In 1908, he thought about 3 birds used their wings and went into the sky. He hoped to make a machine that 4 like a bird. Soon he took action and began to 5 birds carefully to learn how their wings worked. Finally, he used what he had learned to build a plane. The body of the plane was made of two 6 side by side. The plane had a small motor (发动机) that sat between the two bikes. The back was shaped like a bird’s tail. The wings were 7 from those of a common plane. They could even be folded down like a bird’s wings. Amazing! Victor wanted to help people with his ideas. His mind was like a motor that never shut off. He was always trying to make life better and 8 . He did not let any 9 stop him from making other things. However, not all of his ideas worked. No one who tries something new is 10 every time. The most important is to keep trying and never give up. 1．A．dreamers B．inventors C．players D．drivers 2．A．collected B．fixed C．sold D．made 3．A．how B．when C．where D．why 4．A．stood B．ate C．flew D．sang 5．A．look for B．look at C．look after D．look up 6．A．bikes B．chairs C．boxes D．stages 7．A．absent B．free C．safe D．different 8．A．easier B．easy C．hard D．harder 9．A．habits B．difficulties C．feelings D．choices 10．A．beautiful B．colourful C．successful D．careful 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Victor Ochoa发明飞行器的故事，展现了他通过观察鸟类飞行并不断尝试创新的精神，强调了坚持和不放弃的重要性。 【详解】 1．句意：创造新事物的人被称为发明家。 dreamers梦想家；inventors发明家；players运动员；drivers司机。根据“People who make something new”可知，创造出新事物的人是发明家。故选B。 2．句意：他制造了许多东西，其中之一就是飞行器。 collected收集；fixed修理；sold售卖；made制作。根据“Victor Ochoa was one of those people.”可知，Victor Ochoa是发明家，他制造了很多东西。故选D。 3．句意：1908年，他思考鸟类如何利用翅膀飞向天空。 how如何；when什么时候；where在哪里；why为什么。根据“birds used their wings and went into the sky”可知，鸟儿是如何运用它们的翅膀飞上天空的。故选A。 4．句意：他希望制造一种像鸟一样飞行的机器。 stood站；ate吃；flew飞；sang唱。根据“a machine that ... like a bird”可知，像鸟儿一样飞行的机器。故选C。 5．句意：很快，他采取了行动，开始仔细观察鸟类，了解它们的翅膀是如何工作的。 look for寻找；look at看；look after照顾；look up查阅。根据“to learn how their wings worked”可知，为了了解它们的翅膀是如何工作的，Victor Ochoa开始仔细观察鸟类。故选B。 6．句意：飞机的机身是由并排的两辆自行车组成的。 bikes自行车；chairs椅子；boxes盒子；stages台阶。根据下文“two bikes”可知，机身是由两辆自行车组成的。故选A。 7．句意：这种飞机的机翼与普通飞机的不同。 absent缺席的；free自由的；safe安全的；different不同的。根据“They could even be folded down like a bird’s wings.”可知，可以像鸟的翅膀一样折叠起来，由此推知这种飞机的机翼与普通飞机的不同。故选D。 8．句意：他总是努力使生活更美好、更轻松。 easier更容易的；easy容易的；hard困难的；harder更难的。根据“He was always trying to make life better and ”可知，他总是努力让生活更好、更容易；and连接并列成分，形式要一致。故选A。 9．句意：他没有让任何困难阻止他做其他事情。 habits习惯；difficulties困难；feelings情感；choices选择。根据“He did not let any ... stop him from making other things.”可知，阻止他做其他事情的应是“困难”，any后接名词复数。故选B。 10．句意：没有人每次尝试新事物都能成功。 beautiful漂亮的；colourful多彩的；successful成功的；careful仔细的。根据“However, not all of his ideas worked.”可知，不是每次尝试新事物都是成功的。故选C。 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $