专题01 语法选择-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语期中考 满分冲刺考前梯度特训（人教版）

考前特训 专题01 语法选择 期中考满分冲刺（广东专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “语法选择”是初中英语期中、期末及中考中“语言知识运用”板块的常考题型。它要求学生在语篇（一篇或几篇短文）的语境中，从每小题所给的 A、B、C（个别题目为 A、B、C、D）三个或四个选项中，选出一个语法正确、语意通顺的最佳答案，重点考查“在语境中运用语法”的能力。 二、命题形式与题量 一般以“短文 + 设空”形式呈现，每篇短文设 10 个空；本次特训共 8 篇、80 题。设空不孤立考查语法，而是把语法点放在完整的句子和上下文里考，强调在真实语境中判断词法、句法与逻辑。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） 通过梳理本次特训题目，高频考点主要集中在以下八类： （1）动词时态与语态（约 1/4 题）：一般过去时、现在完成时（标志词 in 1970 / since 2015 / Over the past ten years / already / so far）、一般现在时等。 （2）非谓语动词：不定式作目的状语（make efforts to do / to find）、动名词作宾语（be worth doing / 介词后接 doing）。 （3）介词与固定搭配：be known as / from / to / by / for / of / in / on / at 等，常考“介词 + 名词/动名词”结构。 （4）代词：人称代词（主宾格）、物主代词（形容词性/名词性）、反身代词（himself）、指示代词（it / this / that）。 （5）连词与从句引导词：并列连词 and / but / or / so；从属连词 because / if / until / while / since；定语从句 who / which / that；宾语从句 how / why / that。 （6）形容词与副词：原级、比较级、最高级辨析（high / higher / highest；great / greater / greatly）；词义与词性辨析（different / differently / difference）。 （7）冠词：a / an / the 的基本用法及最高级前加 the。 （8）情态动词：can / could / might / must / should 的语境辨析。 四、难度与趋势 难度中等，重在“基础语法 + 语境理解”双重考查，极少出现偏题怪题。近年趋势是减少对纯语法的死记硬背，增加对语篇逻辑（因果、转折、递进）和固定句型（so…that…、used to do、make efforts to do 等）的考查。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，把握主旨与基调。先跳过设空快速读一遍，弄清文章讲什么、主体时态是什么（过去时 / 现在完成时等），为后续判断定调。 第二步：分析设空句结构，锁定考点。看清设空在句中充当什么成分（主语 / 谓语 / 定语 / 状语），判断考的是词法还是句法。 第三步：逐项辨析，利用线索排除。结合固定搭配、上下文逻辑、标志词（时间状语、连词）逐一排除干扰项。 第四步：代入复查，确保“语法正确 + 语意通顺”。把所选选项放回原文读一遍，确认无语法错误或逻辑矛盾。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】固定搭配题——以Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文 “He is known ___ the ‘father of China’s nuclear submarines’.” 设空后接身份称号，考查 be known as（作为……而出名），故选 B。提示：见到 be known 后接身份优先想 as；后接原因用 for。 【点拨2】形容词 / 副词辨析——Passage 4 题 4：“It was almost ___ for them to do the research.” 设空作表语需形容词，impossible（不可能的）符合“缺少设备、得不到帮助”的语境，选 B。提示：分清 possible / impossible 词性与 impossibly 副词。 【点拨3】非谓语动词——Passage 4 题 7：“They made efforts ___ experiments.” 固定短语 make efforts to do sth.，后接不定式，选 C（to do）。提示：effort(s) 后常接 to do。 【点拨4】动词时态与语态——以Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文 "Over the past ten years, great changes ___ place in my hometown." 设空处作谓语，考查动词时态。句中时间状语 "Over the past ten years"（过去十年里）是现在完成时的典型标志词，主语 changes 为复数，助动词须用 have，故选 have taken（C项）；解题时先抓时间标志词判定时态，再结合主谓一致确定最终形式。 【点拨5】代词——以Passage 4 题 6 为例：原文 "After studying the information carefully, they came up with ___ own plans." 设空后接名词 plans，考查代词。空格需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，their（他们的）符合，且 one’s own 为固定搭配；they 为主格只能作主语，them 为宾格只能作宾语，均不能修饰名词。 【点拨6】连词与从句引导词——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文 "Do you speak a dialect in daily life? ___ many Chinese people speak Mandarin, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing." 设空处位于句首连接前后两句，考查从属连词。此处意为"既然、由于"，用 since 引导原因状语从句（D项）；before/after/while 分别表示"在……前/后/当……时"，均不合逻辑。注意区分并列连词（and/but/or/so）与从属连词（because/if/since）。 【点拨7】冠词——以Passage 5 题 1 为例：原文 "Villagers walked for three hours to reach ___ nearest town." 设空后接 nearest，考查冠词。nearest 为形容词最高级，其前必须加定冠词 the（C项）；a/an 用于泛指，不能修饰最高级。规律：最高级前用 the。 【点拨8】情态动词——以Passage 4 题 5 为例：原文 "They ___ search for information from magazines and newspapers." 设空处考查情态动词。根据前文艰苦的科研条件（没有其他获取资料的渠道），此处表"不得不"，用 had to 强调受客观条件限制而必须做某事（A项）；could 侧重"能够"（本身具备能力），might 表推测"可能"，均不符合语境。 三、易错提醒 • 看到选项中有“原级 / 比较级 / 最高级”三兄弟，先看有没有 than、the、much、even 等提示词。 • 选项中有“原形 / 不定式 / 动名词”时，想清空格在句中所作成分（主语→动名词 / 不定式；目的→不定式；介词后→动名词）。 • 永远把选项代回原句读一遍，避免“单看单词会、放进句子错”。 Passage 1 Over the past ten years, great changes 1 place in my hometown. It 2 a poor village, but now it has become a modern town. I still remember that there 3 only muddy roads and small houses when I was a child. People 4 to fetch water from a river far away, and sandstorms were common in spring. However, since 2015, the government 5 building new highways and high-tech greenhouses. Many young people who worked in big cities 6 back home to start their own businesses. E-payment 7 shopping much easier than before. I admire Mr. Li, a local engineer. He 8 in a famous company in Shanghai for five years, but he returned last year. He says it is wise 9 him to devote himself to rural development. Thanks to his help, many villagers 10 their income by 50% so far. 1．A．take B．took C．have taken 2．A．is B．was C．has been 3．A．are B．were C．have been 4．A．used B．are used C．have used 5．A．has kept B．kept C．keeps 6．A．come B．came C．have come 7．A．made B．makes C．has made 8．A．works B．worked C．has worked 9．A．by B．of C．to 10．A．increase B．increased C．have increased Passage 2 Last year, I did not like my English class. The teacher spoke so quickly 1 I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. Then one day I watched an English movie 2 “Toy Story”. I 3 in love with this exciting and funny movie. So I began to watch 4 English movies, too. My poor pronunciation improved as well by 5 the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret 6 language learning. I also learned a lot of 7 sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”. I looked them up in 8 dictionary so that I could understand the story. Now I really enjoy 9 English class. I want to learn more new words and more grammar so that I can have a 10 understanding of English words. 1．A．because B．if C．that 2．A．called B．call C．calls 3．A．fall B．fell C．falling 4．A．other B．another C．others 5．A．listening B．listen to C．listening to 6．A．to B．at C．by 7．A．use B．useful C．usefully 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．me B．us C．my 10．A．good B．better C．best Passage 3 Inspiring people are ordinary people who make extraordinary achievements. They always stick to their dreams and never give up. Tu Youyou is one of the most famous 1 in China. She is a great scientist 2 discovered artemisinin (青蒿素) to cure sick people. Tu Youyou was born in 1930. She was interested in medicine 3 she was a little girl. In the 1960s, many people suffered from serious diseases. She decided 4 traditional Chinese medicine to help patients. She faced lots of difficulties, 5 she never stopped her research. She and her team did thousands of experiments. They worked day and night 6 the right medicine. Finally, they succeeded 7 developing artemisinin. It has saved millions of lives all over the world. In 2015, Tu Youyou 8 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She is the first Chinese woman 9 got this great honor. Her spirit encourages 10 to keep working hard and never fear difficulties. 1．A．hero B．heroes C．heroess D．heros 2．A．who B．which C．what D．where 3．A．if B．when C．until D．because 4．A．study B．studying C．to study D．studied 5．A．but B．so C．and D．or 6．A．find B．to find C．finding D．found 7．A．in B．on C．at D．for 8．A．win B．won C．has won D．will win 9．A．which B．that C．what D．who 10．A．our B．ours C．us D．ourselves Passage 4 Have you ever heard of Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (第一代核潜艇)? He is known 1 the “father of China’s nuclear submarines”. Because of his great achievements, he was given the Medal of the Republic, China’s 2 honour, in 2019. Huang Xuhua graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1949. After graduation, he began to research shipbuilding. At that time, his team didn’t have computers 3 technology. They couldn’t get any help from other experts, either. It was almost 4 for them to do the research. They 5 search for information from magazines and newspapers. After studying the information carefully, they came up with 6 own plans. Based on the plans, they made efforts 7 experiments (实验) with simple tools. After years of hard work, they 8 China’s first nuclear submarine successfully in 1970. Huang Xuhua kept researching in his whole life. Even in his 90s, he offered suggestions to young 9 on solving technical problems. For us, 10 spirit is really worth learning. He passed away on February 6th, 2024. Our nation has lost a great scientist. However, we will remember him forever. 1．A．for B．as C．by 2．A．high B．higher C．highest 3．A．or B．and C．but 4．A．possible B．impossible C．impossibly 5．A．had to B．could C．might 6．A．they B．them C．their 7．A．do B．doing C．to do 8．A．builds B．built C．have built 9．A．researcher B．researcher’s C．researchers 10．A．a B．/ C．the Passage 5 A small mountain village in Southwest China has experienced great changes. In the past, there were no roads to the outside world. Villagers walked for three hours to reach 1 nearest town. Most young people left 2 jobs in cities, and the elderly were left behind. Life 3 very hard. The villagers lived in simple wooden houses with no water or electricity. They grew corn, 4 the harvest (收成) was often poor because of the thin soil. Many families struggled to have enough food. Things changed 5 in 2015 when the government started a poverty relief (扶贫) program. Workers built a road up the mountain. Electricity poles were put up, and they 6 light to every home. Water pipes were laid, so the villagers no longer carried water 7 faraway streams. With much 8 transport, the village developed tea farming. The mountain climate was perfect for growing tea. A local company taught the villagers farming skills. 9 was important for them to learn, and the company bought their tea leaves. Within three years, tea farming doubled most families’ incomes. Today, the village 10 a new school already. With better roads and more jobs, young people have begun to return here. Life has become much better for everyone. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．find B．to find C．finding 3．A．used to be B．was used to being C．used to being 4．A．or B．but C．so 5．A．greatly B．great C．greater 6．A．bring B．brought C．brings 7．A．from B．to C．with 8．A．good B．better C．the best 9．A．It B．This C．That 10．A．build B．will build C．has built Passage 6 My grandma and dad often tell me stories about their childhood. Their stories always make me think about how life 1 for ages. Grandma said when she was a student, she shared a long wooden desk 2 another classmate. “That desk belonged to two of us for the school year,” she said. “We used 3 care of it because it was the only desk we had.” Dad had his own desk. My grandpa made it by 4 when my dad was six. “Every term, I have to carry it to school,” Dad told me. “It was quite heavy, but I felt proud 5 it was made just for me.” Now, my desk is very 6 . The school provided it and it always stays in the classroom. What I love most is that I can change it according to my height. When I grow taller, the teacher can easily make it 7 . “You are so lucky,” Dad often says. “I didn’t dream of such 8 modern desk when I was young.” The change of desks shows how technology has made our lives better. From shared long 9 to new changeable desks, each change tells us that life is improving. We 10 value this chance to study hard because we are living in the best time. 1．A．changes B．will change C．has changed 2．A．with B．to C．for 3．A．take B．to take C．to taking 4．A．he B．him C．himself 5．A．because B．if C．until 6．A．different B．differently C．difference 7．A．high B．higher C．highest 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．table B．tables C．table’s 10．A．should B．can C．need Passage 7 I always believe that no matter how bad something is, you can take something good out of it. The one time I wasn’t sure of that was 1 December 23. I usually 2 up at 6:30 or 7:00 in the morning. That day, I happened to wake up earlier. I turned on the TV, and I saw that a plane had crashed (撞击) into the Trade Center. I thought it was 3 terrible accident. I felt so 4 about all the people in the plane. My wife and I spent the day 5 the terrible pictures over again. When I watched family members looking for 6 loved ones, I would never forget the pain in their eyes. I couldn’t understand how this could have happened. A few weeks later, I began to see that perhaps something good 7 from this tragedy (悲剧). People seem different now, more understanding, more tolerant (宽容的). Little things seemed to be such a trouble before, but they are no longer big things now. I realize life is 8 short to let myself worry over small things. I’ve also learned that you can’t 9 things for granted. Things change. People go to work and don’t come back. One moment they’re living and the next minute they’re not. And, it doesn’t matter who you are. There is nothing you can do about it. We never know when our time will be over, 10 we all need to make the most of every minute we have. 1．A．in B．on C．at 2．A．wake B．wakes C．have woken 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．worry B．worried C．worrying 5．A．watches B．watching C．watched 6．A．their B．theirs C．they 7．A．came B．come C．comes 8．A．to B．such C．too 9．A．took B．take C．taken 10．A．because B．when C．so Passage 8 Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? 1 many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. 2 them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago. This project looks at 3 people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos. Why is it important to protect the dialect culture? According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key 4 storing local cultures. Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases of an area, he said. Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns (担忧) of the 5 of dialects. “For over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old 6 speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect 7 disappear,” he said. So how did China make this big library? 8 big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen, said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. Over five years, 9 than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers. The project is now entering into 10 second part. This includes creating digital (数字化的) tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. 1．A．Before B．After C．While D．Since 2．A．Save B．To save C．Saving D．To saving 3．A．that B．where C．why D．how 4．A．with B．on C．of D．to 5．A．disappearing B．disappeared C．disappears D．disappear 6．A．sometime B．sometimes C．some time D．some times 7．A．can B．should C．might D．must 8．A．The B．An C．A D．This 9．A．much B．many C．more D．most 10．A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself 6 / 9乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题01 语法选择 期中考满分冲刺（广东专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “语法选择”是初中英语期中、期末及中考中“语言知识运用”板块的常考题型。它要求学生在语篇（一篇或几篇短文）的语境中，从每小题所给的 A、B、C（个别题目为 A、B、C、D）三个或四个选项中，选出一个语法正确、语意通顺的最佳答案，重点考查“在语境中运用语法”的能力。 二、命题形式与题量 一般以“短文 + 设空”形式呈现，每篇短文设 10 个空；本次特训共 8 篇、80 题。设空不孤立考查语法，而是把语法点放在完整的句子和上下文里考，强调在真实语境中判断词法、句法与逻辑。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） 通过梳理本次特训题目，高频考点主要集中在以下八类： （1）动词时态与语态（约 1/4 题）：一般过去时、现在完成时（标志词 in 1970 / since 2015 / Over the past ten years / already / so far）、一般现在时等。 （2）非谓语动词：不定式作目的状语（make efforts to do / to find）、动名词作宾语（be worth doing / 介词后接 doing）。 （3）介词与固定搭配：be known as / from / to / by / for / of / in / on / at 等，常考“介词 + 名词/动名词”结构。 （4）代词：人称代词（主宾格）、物主代词（形容词性/名词性）、反身代词（himself）、指示代词（it / this / that）。 （5）连词与从句引导词：并列连词 and / but / or / so；从属连词 because / if / until / while / since；定语从句 who / which / that；宾语从句 how / why / that。 （6）形容词与副词：原级、比较级、最高级辨析（high / higher / highest；great / greater / greatly）；词义与词性辨析（different / differently / difference）。 （7）冠词：a / an / the 的基本用法及最高级前加 the。 （8）情态动词：can / could / might / must / should 的语境辨析。 四、难度与趋势 难度中等，重在“基础语法 + 语境理解”双重考查，极少出现偏题怪题。近年趋势是减少对纯语法的死记硬背，增加对语篇逻辑（因果、转折、递进）和固定句型（so…that…、used to do、make efforts to do 等）的考查。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，把握主旨与基调。先跳过设空快速读一遍，弄清文章讲什么、主体时态是什么（过去时 / 现在完成时等），为后续判断定调。 第二步：分析设空句结构，锁定考点。看清设空在句中充当什么成分（主语 / 谓语 / 定语 / 状语），判断考的是词法还是句法。 第三步：逐项辨析，利用线索排除。结合固定搭配、上下文逻辑、标志词（时间状语、连词）逐一排除干扰项。 第四步：代入复查，确保“语法正确 + 语意通顺”。把所选选项放回原文读一遍，确认无语法错误或逻辑矛盾。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】固定搭配题——以Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文 “He is known ___ the ‘father of China’s nuclear submarines’.” 设空后接身份称号，考查 be known as（作为……而出名），故选 B。提示：见到 be known 后接身份优先想 as；后接原因用 for。 【点拨2】形容词 / 副词辨析——Passage 4 题 4：“It was almost ___ for them to do the research.” 设空作表语需形容词，impossible（不可能的）符合“缺少设备、得不到帮助”的语境，选 B。提示：分清 possible / impossible 词性与 impossibly 副词。 【点拨3】非谓语动词——Passage 4 题 7：“They made efforts ___ experiments.” 固定短语 make efforts to do sth.，后接不定式，选 C（to do）。提示：effort(s) 后常接 to do。 【点拨4】动词时态与语态——以Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文 "Over the past ten years, great changes ___ place in my hometown." 设空处作谓语，考查动词时态。句中时间状语 "Over the past ten years"（过去十年里）是现在完成时的典型标志词，主语 changes 为复数，助动词须用 have，故选 have taken（C项）；解题时先抓时间标志词判定时态，再结合主谓一致确定最终形式。 【点拨5】代词——以Passage 4 题 6 为例：原文 "After studying the information carefully, they came up with ___ own plans." 设空后接名词 plans，考查代词。空格需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，their（他们的）符合，且 one’s own 为固定搭配；they 为主格只能作主语，them 为宾格只能作宾语，均不能修饰名词。 【点拨6】连词与从句引导词——以Passage 8 题 1 为例：原文 "Do you speak a dialect in daily life? ___ many Chinese people speak Mandarin, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing." 设空处位于句首连接前后两句，考查从属连词。此处意为"既然、由于"，用 since 引导原因状语从句（D项）；before/after/while 分别表示"在……前/后/当……时"，均不合逻辑。注意区分并列连词（and/but/or/so）与从属连词（because/if/since）。 【点拨7】冠词——以Passage 5 题 1 为例：原文 "Villagers walked for three hours to reach ___ nearest town." 设空后接 nearest，考查冠词。nearest 为形容词最高级，其前必须加定冠词 the（C项）；a/an 用于泛指，不能修饰最高级。规律：最高级前用 the。 【点拨8】情态动词——以Passage 4 题 5 为例：原文 "They ___ search for information from magazines and newspapers." 设空处考查情态动词。根据前文艰苦的科研条件（没有其他获取资料的渠道），此处表"不得不"，用 had to 强调受客观条件限制而必须做某事（A项）；could 侧重"能够"（本身具备能力），might 表推测"可能"，均不符合语境。 三、易错提醒 • 看到选项中有“原级 / 比较级 / 最高级”三兄弟，先看有没有 than、the、much、even 等提示词。 • 选项中有“原形 / 不定式 / 动名词”时，想清空格在句中所作成分（主语→动名词 / 不定式；目的→不定式；介词后→动名词）。 • 永远把选项代回原句读一遍，避免“单看单词会、放进句子错”。 Passage 1 Over the past ten years, great changes 1 place in my hometown. It 2 a poor village, but now it has become a modern town. I still remember that there 3 only muddy roads and small houses when I was a child. People 4 to fetch water from a river far away, and sandstorms were common in spring. However, since 2015, the government 5 building new highways and high-tech greenhouses. Many young people who worked in big cities 6 back home to start their own businesses. E-payment 7 shopping much easier than before. I admire Mr. Li, a local engineer. He 8 in a famous company in Shanghai for five years, but he returned last year. He says it is wise 9 him to devote himself to rural development. Thanks to his help, many villagers 10 their income by 50% so far. 1．A．take B．took C．have taken 2．A．is B．was C．has been 3．A．are B．were C．have been 4．A．used B．are used C．have used 5．A．has kept B．kept C．keeps 6．A．come B．came C．have come 7．A．made B．makes C．has made 8．A．works B．worked C．has worked 9．A．by B．of C．to 10．A．increase B．increased C．have increased 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了作者家乡近十年发生的巨大变化，道路、住房都得到改善，年轻人返乡创业，村民收入提高，还讲述了工程师李先生返乡助力乡村发展的故事。 【详解】1．句意：在过去十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。 根据句中“Over the past ten years”这一时间提示，该句需要使用现在完成时，主语“changes”是复数，have taken符合语法与时态要求。 2．句意：它曾经是一个贫穷的村庄，但现在它已经变成了一座现代化城镇。 根据后文“but now”可以看出，句子形成今昔对比，此处描述村庄过去的样子，was符合语境与时态要求。 3．句意：我仍然记得，在我小时候，这里只有泥泞的道路和矮小的房子。 根据从句“when I was a child”可知，事情发生在过去，there be句型的后面“roads”为复数名词，were符合语法与时态要求。 4．句意：人们过去常常要从很远的河里挑水，春天沙尘暴也很常见。 结合语境，此处描述家乡过去人们的生活习惯，“used to do sth”是固定搭配，表示过去常常做某事，现在不再这样，used符合固定搭配与语境要求。are used表被动含义，have used为现在完成时，不符合句子结构。 5．句意：然而，自2015年以来，政府一直在修建新公路和高科技温室。 根据句中“since 2015”可知，本句要用现在完成时，has kept doing sth.表示“持续不断做某事”，has kept符合语法与时态要求。 6．句意：许多曾在大城市工作的年轻人回到家乡创业。 结合上下文，年轻人返乡这个动作从过去发生，持续到现在并带来当下的影响，需要使用现在完成时，have come符合语法与时态要求。 7．句意：电子支付让购物比以前方便多了。 结合语境，电子支付带来便利这个结果一直延续到现在，适合使用现在完成时，has made符合语法与时态要求。made是一般过去时，只单纯描述过去的动作；makes是一般现在时，侧重习惯性动作。 8．句意：他在上海一家知名公司工作了五年，但是他去年回来了。 根据后半句“but he returned last year”可知，他现在已经不在上海工作，只是讲述过去的一段工作经历，worked符合语法与时态要求。works是一般现在时；has worked是现在完成时，暗含目前仍然在上海工作，和原文前后矛盾。 9．句意：他说，投身乡村发展是明智之举。 本句考察固定句型“It is+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.”，形容词wise用来描述人的品质，介词用of，符合语法要求。by和to都不能用于这个句型。 10．句意：多亏了他的帮助，到目前为止许多村民的收入增长了50%。 根据句中“so far”这一提示，句子要用现在完成时，主语为“many villagers”，have increased符合语法与时态要求。increase是一般现在时，increased是一般过去时，无法匹配“so far”对应的时态。 Passage 2 Last year, I did not like my English class. The teacher spoke so quickly 1 I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. Then one day I watched an English movie 2 “Toy Story”. I 3 in love with this exciting and funny movie. So I began to watch 4 English movies, too. My poor pronunciation improved as well by 5 the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret 6 language learning. I also learned a lot of 7 sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”. I looked them up in 8 dictionary so that I could understand the story. Now I really enjoy 9 English class. I want to learn more new words and more grammar so that I can have a 10 understanding of English words. 1．A．because B．if C．that 2．A．called B．call C．calls 3．A．fall B．fell C．falling 4．A．other B．another C．others 5．A．listening B．listen to C．listening to 6．A．to B．at C．by 7．A．use B．useful C．usefully 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．me B．us C．my 10．A．good B．better C．best 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述作者去年不喜欢英语，后来通过看英文电影《玩具总动员》提高了兴趣和能力，现在享受英语课的故事。 【详解】1．句意：老师讲得太快，大部分时间我都听不懂她。 固定句型so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。because“因为”引导原因状语，if“如果”引导条件状语，语法结构不符，故排除。 2．句意：后来有一天我看了一部名叫《玩具总动员》的英文电影。 called是过去分词，作后置定语，表示“被称作、名叫”，修饰movie。call原形、calls第三人称单数均无法作后置定语，语法错误，故排除。 3．句意：我爱上了这部刺激又有趣的电影。 全文时态为一般过去时，fall in love with为固定搭配，fell是fall的过去式。fall为一般现在时原形，falling是现在分词，不能单独作谓语，故排除。 4．句意：于是我也开始看其他英文电影。 开始看其他英文电影，other表示“其他的”，后可接复数名词English movies。another后只能接单数可数名词，others相当于“other+名词”，后面不能再接名词，语法不匹配，故排除。 5．句意：通过听英文电影里的对白，我糟糕的发音也得到了提升。 介词by后接动名词，listen to是完整搭配，表示“听……”，listening to符合语法要求。listening缺少介词to，listen to是动词原形，不能放在by后，故排除。 6．句意：我发现听有趣的内容是语言学习的秘诀。 固定搭配the secret to…表示“……的秘诀”，介词to为固定搭配。at、by无法和secret构成该短语，故排除。 7．句意：我还学到很多实用的短句，比如 “小菜一碟”“自作自受”。 空后是名词sentences，需要形容词修饰，useful表示“有用的、实用的”。use是名词/动词，usefully是副词，不能修饰名词，故排除。 8．句意：我在词典里查阅它们，这样就能看懂故事。 dictionary是以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词，a用于辅音音素单词前，表示泛指一本词典。an用于元音音素开头单词前，the表特指，此处无特指含义，故排除。 9．句意：现在我真的很喜欢我的英语课。 空后English class是名词，需要形容词性物主代词修饰，my表示“我的”。me、us是人称代词宾格，不能修饰名词，故排除。 10．句意：我想要学习更多生词和语法，以便能更好地理解英语单词。 隐含和过去对比，用形容词比较级 better表示“更好的”，have a better understanding表示“更好地理解”。good原级无对比含义，best最高级前面需加the，此处不适用，故排除。 Passage 3 Inspiring people are ordinary people who make extraordinary achievements. They always stick to their dreams and never give up. Tu Youyou is one of the most famous 1 in China. She is a great scientist 2 discovered artemisinin (青蒿素) to cure sick people. Tu Youyou was born in 1930. She was interested in medicine 3 she was a little girl. In the 1960s, many people suffered from serious diseases. She decided 4 traditional Chinese medicine to help patients. She faced lots of difficulties, 5 she never stopped her research. She and her team did thousands of experiments. They worked day and night 6 the right medicine. Finally, they succeeded 7 developing artemisinin. It has saved millions of lives all over the world. In 2015, Tu Youyou 8 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She is the first Chinese woman 9 got this great honor. Her spirit encourages 10 to keep working hard and never fear difficulties. 1．A．hero B．heroes C．heroess D．heros 2．A．who B．which C．what D．where 3．A．if B．when C．until D．because 4．A．study B．studying C．to study D．studied 5．A．but B．so C．and D．or 6．A．find B．to find C．finding D．found 7．A．in B．on C．at D．for 8．A．win B．won C．has won D．will win 9．A．which B．that C．what D．who 10．A．our B．ours C．us D．ourselves 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了屠呦呦的生平事迹。她自幼对医学感兴趣，历经困难发现青蒿素，拯救数百万生命，并获得诺贝尔奖，激励后人努力奋斗。 【详解】1．句意：屠呦呦是中国最著名的英雄之一。 根据“one of the most famous”可知横线处需要名词复数形式。“hero”的复数是原形后面加es。其他选项形式错误。 2．句意：她是一位发现了可用于救治病人的青蒿素的伟大科学家。 定语从句中的先行词为“scientist”指人，需用“who”引导定语从句。which指物和where指地点，what不引导定语从句。 3．句意：当她是个小女孩时，她就对医学感兴趣。 根据“she was a little girl”可知当她是个小女孩时已经对医学感兴趣，该语境中适合“when”引导的时间状语从句。其他选项里“if”表示如果，“because”表示因为，“until”表示直到，都不符合语境。 4．句意：她决定学习传统中医来帮助病人。 “decide”常用搭配为decide to do sth.表示“决定去做某事”，动词后面需要接不定式，选项中只有“to study”是动词不定式形式，其他选项都不符合语法。 5．句意：她面临许多困难，但她从未停止研究。 根据横线前的“面临困难”和横线后的“从未停止研究”可知，前句和后句构成转折关系，选项中只有“but”是转折连词。“so”表因果，“and”表并列，“or”表选择都不符合语境。 6．句意：他们日夜工作以找到正确的药物。 根据宾语“the right medicine”可知，他们工作是为了找到合适的药物，表示目的需用动词不定式，选项中只有“to find”可以作目的状语。其他选项形式都不符合语法。 7．句意：最终，他们成功开发了青蒿素。 “succeeded”的动词常用搭配为“succeed in doing sth.”表示成功做成某事，动词后用介词“in”。其他介词不与“succeed”搭配表达此意。 8．句意：2015年，屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔生理学/医学奖。 “In 2015”是过去的时间，句子要用一般过去时。“win”的动词过去式为won。 9．句意：她是第一位获得此殊荣的中国女性。 根据先行词被序数词“the first”修饰，可知关系代词用that。其他选项不符合定语从句关系代词的语法要求。 10．句意：她的精神鼓励我们继续努力，不怕困难。 “encourage”的动词常用搭配为“encourage sb. to do sth.”，动词后接宾格。“我们”的宾格是“us”，其他选项都不是宾格形式。 Passage 4 Have you ever heard of Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (第一代核潜艇)? He is known 1 the “father of China’s nuclear submarines”. Because of his great achievements, he was given the Medal of the Republic, China’s 2 honour, in 2019. Huang Xuhua graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1949. After graduation, he began to research shipbuilding. At that time, his team didn’t have computers 3 technology. They couldn’t get any help from other experts, either. It was almost 4 for them to do the research. They 5 search for information from magazines and newspapers. After studying the information carefully, they came up with 6 own plans. Based on the plans, they made efforts 7 experiments (实验) with simple tools. After years of hard work, they 8 China’s first nuclear submarine successfully in 1970. Huang Xuhua kept researching in his whole life. Even in his 90s, he offered suggestions to young 9 on solving technical problems. For us, 10 spirit is really worth learning. He passed away on February 6th, 2024. Our nation has lost a great scientist. However, we will remember him forever. 1．A．for B．as C．by 2．A．high B．higher C．highest 3．A．or B．and C．but 4．A．possible B．impossible C．impossibly 5．A．had to B．could C．might 6．A．they B．them C．their 7．A．do B．doing C．to do 8．A．builds B．built C．have built 9．A．researcher B．researcher’s C．researchers 10．A．a B．/ C．the 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹，讲述他带领团队克服重重困难，成功研制中国第一代核潜艇，毕生致力于科研，他的精神值得我们学习。 【详解】1．句意：他作为“中国核潜艇之父”而闻名。 根据后文的称号可知，这里表达的是作为某个身份而出名。固定搭配be known as表示“作为……而出名”，后跟身份称号，贴合句子语境。be known for“因……而出名”，后面接出名的原因；be known by“被……所熟知”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：由于他的巨大成就，他在2019年被授予共和国勋章，这是中国的最高荣誉。 根据语境，共和国勋章是中国层级最高的荣誉，需要使用形容词最高级。highest“最高的”形容词最高级，China’s highest honour表示“中国的最高荣誉”，贴合句子语境。high“高的”形容词原级。higher“更高的”形容词比较级，多用于两者对比，均不符合语境。 3．句意：那时，他的团队没有电脑和技术。 根据句中didn’t可知本句为否定句，否定句中并列事物用or连接。or“和”在否定句中并列两个名词，贴合句子语境。and“和”多用于肯定句表并列。but“但是”表转折，均不符合语境。 4．句意：对他们来说，开展这项研究几乎是不可能的。 根据前文团队缺少设备、得不到专家帮助，可知研究开展难度极大，此处需要形容词作表语，impossible“不可能的”，贴合句子语境。possible“可能的”，与原文背景逻辑相反。impossibly“不可能地”，是副词，不能放在be动词后作表语，均不符合语境。 5．句意：他们不得不从杂志和报纸上查找资料。 根据前文艰苦的科研条件，他们没有其他获取资料的渠道。had to“不得不”，强调受客观条件限制而必须做某事，贴合句子语境。could“能够”，侧重本身具备能力。might“可能”，表推测，均不符合语境。 6．句意：仔细研究资料之后，他们想出了他们自己的方案。 根据后面名词plans，此处需要修饰名词的词，one’s own为固定搭配。their“他们的”，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词plans，贴合句子语境。they“他们”，主格，只能作主语。them“他们”，宾格，只能作宾语，均不符合语境。 7．句意：基于这些方案，他们努力用简单工具做实验。 固定短语make efforts to do sth.“努力做某事”，短语后接动词不定式。to do为动词不定式，贴合句子语境。do为动词原形。doing为动名词形式，均不适用该固定搭配。 8．句意：经过多年艰苦奋斗，他们在1970年成功造出中国第一艘核潜艇。 时间状语“in 1970”，是明确的过去时间，提示句子要用一般过去时。built“建造”为一般过去式，贴合句子语境。builds为一般现在时第三人称单数。have built为现在完成时，不能搭配明确的过去时间状语，均不符合语境。 9．句意：即使90多岁，他还向年轻的科研人员提出解决技术难题的建议。 根据语境，此处泛指年轻科研人员这一类群体，要用名词复数。researchers“科研人员”，名词复数，贴合句子语境。researcher单数名词。researcher’s“科研人员的”，名词所有格，后面需要接名词，均不符合语境。 10．句意：对我们来说，这种精神真的值得学习。 根据上下文，此处特指黄旭华身上的这种精神，用定冠词the。a为不定冠词，表泛指。/为零冠词，“spirit”此处表特指，不能省略冠词，均不符合语境。 Passage 5 A small mountain village in Southwest China has experienced great changes. In the past, there were no roads to the outside world. Villagers walked for three hours to reach 1 nearest town. Most young people left 2 jobs in cities, and the elderly were left behind. Life 3 very hard. The villagers lived in simple wooden houses with no water or electricity. They grew corn, 4 the harvest (收成) was often poor because of the thin soil. Many families struggled to have enough food. Things changed 5 in 2015 when the government started a poverty relief (扶贫) program. Workers built a road up the mountain. Electricity poles were put up, and they 6 light to every home. Water pipes were laid, so the villagers no longer carried water 7 faraway streams. With much 8 transport, the village developed tea farming. The mountain climate was perfect for growing tea. A local company taught the villagers farming skills. 9 was important for them to learn, and the company bought their tea leaves. Within three years, tea farming doubled most families’ incomes. Today, the village 10 a new school already. With better roads and more jobs, young people have begun to return here. Life has become much better for everyone. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．find B．to find C．finding 3．A．used to be B．was used to being C．used to being 4．A．or B．but C．so 5．A．greatly B．great C．greater 6．A．bring B．brought C．brings 7．A．from B．to C．with 8．A．good B．better C．the best 9．A．It B．This C．That 10．A．build B．will build C．has built 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述中国西南一个小山村在扶贫项目实施后，基础设施改善，产业发展，村民生活发生巨大变化的故事。 【详解】1．句意：村民要步行三小时才能到达最近的城镇。 形容词最高级nearest前面要加定冠词the，the nearest表示“最近的”；a/an用于泛指，不能修饰最高级。 2．句意：大多数年轻人离开去城市找工作，老人留守。 此处用不定式to find作目的状语，表示离开家乡的目的是找工作；find动词原形、finding动名词均不能表目的。 3．句意：过去生活非常艰难。 根据“In the past”可知描述过去状态，used to be表示“过去曾经是”，用来描述过去的状态；was used to being表示“习惯于”；used to being形式错误。 4．句意：他们种植玉米，但是因为土壤贫瘠收成常常不好。 前半句说种玉米，后半句说收成差，前后是转折关系，but“但是”符合；or或者，so因此。 5．句意：2015年政府启动扶贫项目时，情况发生了巨大变化。 此处修饰动词changed要用副词，greatly副词，意为“极大地”；great形容词；greater形容词比较级。 6．句意：电线杆架设起来，他们为每家每户带来了光明。 and连接并列句，前面were put up为一般过去时，本句时态保持一致，bring的过去式是brought；bring原形，brings一般现在时。 7．句意：铺设了水管，村民不再从遥远的小溪挑水。 根据“carried water”与“streams”的关系是取水来源，from表示“从……（地方）”，carry water from streams“从小溪挑水”；to到、with和，语义不通。 8．句意：随着交通便利得多，村子发展茶叶种植。 much后面可以加形容词比较级，better transport“更好的交通”；good原级，the best最高级，much不修饰最高级。 9．句意：学习这些对他们来说很重要，公司收购他们的茶叶。 固定句型It was +形容词+for sb. to do sth.，it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式；This/That不能作形式主语。 10．句意：如今，这个村庄已经建好了一所新学校。 句中already是现在完成时标志词，现在完成时结构have/has+过去分词，主语the village是单数，用has built；build原形，will build一般将来时。 Passage 6 My grandma and dad often tell me stories about their childhood. Their stories always make me think about how life 1 for ages. Grandma said when she was a student, she shared a long wooden desk 2 another classmate. “That desk belonged to two of us for the school year,” she said. “We used 3 care of it because it was the only desk we had.” Dad had his own desk. My grandpa made it by 4 when my dad was six. “Every term, I have to carry it to school,” Dad told me. “It was quite heavy, but I felt proud 5 it was made just for me.” Now, my desk is very 6 . The school provided it and it always stays in the classroom. What I love most is that I can change it according to my height. When I grow taller, the teacher can easily make it 7 . “You are so lucky,” Dad often says. “I didn’t dream of such 8 modern desk when I was young.” The change of desks shows how technology has made our lives better. From shared long 9 to new changeable desks, each change tells us that life is improving. We 10 value this chance to study hard because we are living in the best time. 1．A．changes B．will change C．has changed 2．A．with B．to C．for 3．A．take B．to take C．to taking 4．A．he B．him C．himself 5．A．because B．if C．until 6．A．different B．differently C．difference 7．A．high B．higher C．highest 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．table B．tables C．table’s 10．A．should B．can C．need 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文通过祖孙三代使用课桌的不同经历，讲述课桌的变迁，展现生活与科技的进步，告诉我们要珍惜当下的学习机会。 【详解】1．句意：他们的故事总是让我思考，生活这些年发生了怎样的变化。 句中for ages表示多年以来，是现在完成时的标志，has changed“已经改变”符合语法。changes一般现在时，will change一般将来时，均不符合。 2．句意：奶奶说当她还是学生的时候，她和另一位同学共用一张长长的木课桌。 此处表达和同学共用课桌，对应搭配share sth. with sb.表示“和……分享某物”，with“和”符合语法。to“到”，for“为了”，均不符合。 3．句意：我们过去常常爱护它，因为这是我们仅有的一张课桌。 句子表达过去常常做某事，对应结构used to do sth.，to take符合语法。take动词原形，to taking，均不符合。 4．句意：是爷爷在爸爸六岁的时候亲手做的这张课桌。 此处表达独自、亲手，对应搭配by oneself，himself“他自己”符合语法。he人称代词的主格，him人称代词的宾格，均不符合。 5．句意：它很重，但是我感到自豪，因为它是专门为我做的。 后半句是解释感到自豪的缘由，because“因为”符合语境。if“如果”，until“直到”，均不符合。 6．句意：现在，我的课桌非常不一样。 be动词后要用形容词作表语，different“不同的”符合语法。differently“不同地”，difference“差别”，均不符合。 7．句意：当我长高，老师可以轻易把它调得更高。 前文“When I grow taller”出现比较级，暗含对比，这里用形容词比较级，higher“更高的”符合语法。high“高的”，highest“最高的”，均不符合。 8．句意：我小时候做梦都没想过这样一张现代化的课桌。 这里泛指一张现代课桌，modern是以辅音音素开头的单词，a“一个”符合语境。an“一个”，the“这个”，均不符合。 9．句意：从共用的长桌子到可调节的新课桌，每一处变化都告诉我们生活正在变好。 此处泛指多张大木课桌，要用名词复数，tables“桌子”符合语法。table“桌子”，table’s“桌子的”，均不符合。 10．句意：我们应该珍惜这个努力学习的机会，因为我们生活在最好的时代。 此处表达我们应当珍惜机会，should“应该”符合语境，用来提出观点，表达责任。can“能够”，need“需要”，均不符合。 Passage 7 I always believe that no matter how bad something is, you can take something good out of it. The one time I wasn’t sure of that was 1 December 23. I usually 2 up at 6:30 or 7:00 in the morning. That day, I happened to wake up earlier. I turned on the TV, and I saw that a plane had crashed (撞击) into the Trade Center. I thought it was 3 terrible accident. I felt so 4 about all the people in the plane. My wife and I spent the day 5 the terrible pictures over again. When I watched family members looking for 6 loved ones, I would never forget the pain in their eyes. I couldn’t understand how this could have happened. A few weeks later, I began to see that perhaps something good 7 from this tragedy (悲剧). People seem different now, more understanding, more tolerant (宽容的). Little things seemed to be such a trouble before, but they are no longer big things now. I realize life is 8 short to let myself worry over small things. I’ve also learned that you can’t 9 things for granted. Things change. People go to work and don’t come back. One moment they’re living and the next minute they’re not. And, it doesn’t matter who you are. There is nothing you can do about it. We never know when our time will be over, 10 we all need to make the most of every minute we have. 1．A．in B．on C．at 2．A．wake B．wakes C．have woken 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．worry B．worried C．worrying 5．A．watches B．watching C．watched 6．A．their B．theirs C．they 7．A．came B．come C．comes 8．A．to B．such C．too 9．A．took B．take C．taken 10．A．because B．when C．so 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者在经历飞机撞击世贸中心这一悲剧事件后，从最初的悲痛和不解，到后来逐渐发现生活中的积极变化，意识到生命短暂，不应为小事担忧，要珍惜每一刻。 【详解】1．句意：我唯一一次对这一信念拿不准是在12月23日。 in用于年、月、季节等时间前；on用于具体的某一天前；at用于具体的时刻前。“December 23”是具体的某一天，所以用介词on。故填B。 2．句意：我通常早上6:30或7:00起床。 wake醒来，动词原形；wakes动词第三人称单数形式；have woken现在完成时。根据“usually”可知，句子是一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形。故填A。 3．句意：我认为这是一起可怕的事故。 a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表示特指。此处泛指“一起可怕的事故”，“terrible”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填A。 4．句意：我为飞机上的所有人感到非常担心。 worry担心，动词原形；worried担心的，形容词；worrying现在分词或动名词。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，所以此处用worried。故填B。 5．句意：我和妻子花了一整天的时间反复看那些可怕的照片。 watches看，动词第三人称单数形式；watching现在分词或动名词；watched过去式或过去分词。spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，所以此处用watching。故填B。 6．句意：当我看到家人们在寻找他们所爱的人时，我永远不会忘记他们眼中的痛苦。 their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；they他们，主格。此处修饰名词“loved ones”，所以用形容词性物主代词their。故填A。 7．句意：几周后，我开始看到也许这场悲剧会带来一些好的事情。 came过去式；come动词原形；comes动词第三人称单数形式。根据“A few weeks later, I began to see that...”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式came。故填A。 8．句意：我意识到生命太短暂了，不能让自己为小事担忧。 to到；such如此；too太。此处是结构“too...to...”，表示“太……而不能……”，符合语境。故填C。 9．句意：我也学会了不能把事情视为理所当然。 took带走，过去式；take动词原形；taken过去分词。情态动词can’t后接动词原形。故填B。 10．句意：我们永远不知道我们的时间何时会结束，所以我们都需要充分利用我们所拥有的每一分钟。 because因为；when当；so所以。前后句是因果关系，前因后果，所以用so连接。故填C。 Passage 8 Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? 1 many Chinese people speak Mandarin (普通话), some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. 2 them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago. This project looks at 3 people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos. Why is it important to protect the dialect culture? According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key 4 storing local cultures. Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases of an area, he said. Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns (担忧) of the 5 of dialects. “For over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old 6 speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect 7 disappear,” he said. So how did China make this big library? 8 big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen, said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. Over five years, 9 than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers. The project is now entering into 10 second part. This includes creating digital (数字化的) tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. 1．A．Before B．After C．While D．Since 2．A．Save B．To save C．Saving D．To saving 3．A．that B．where C．why D．how 4．A．with B．on C．of D．to 5．A．disappearing B．disappeared C．disappears D．disappear 6．A．sometime B．sometimes C．some time D．some times 7．A．can B．should C．might D．must 8．A．The B．An C．A D．This 9．A．much B．many C．more D．most 10．A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国语言资源保护工程的背景、实施过程与意义，讲述了我国为保护濒危方言、留存地方文化所做的相关努力。 【详解】1．句意：由于很多中国人都说普通话，一些地方方言正面临消失的危险。 Before表示“在……之前”；After表示“在……之后”；While表示“当……时/尽管”；Since表示“既然、由于”。此处用since引导原因状语从句，说明方言濒危的背景前提，D选项符合逻辑。 2．句意：为了拯救它们，中国政府几年前启动了中国语言资源保护工程。 此处用不定式作目的状语，表达启动工程的初衷是拯救濒危方言，“To save”符合语法和语义要求，B选项正确。 3．句意：这个项目考察了1712个地方的人们如何说话。 that表示“无实义”；where表“地点”；why表“原因”；how表“方式”。项目的核心是记录不同地区人群的说话方式，how契合此处考察内容，D选项正确。 4．句意：据英国语言学家哈罗德・帕尔默所说，方言是储存本土文化的关键。 固定搭配the key to sth./doing，表示“做……的关键/工具”，此处因选项限制及题干动词形式，选to构成固定搭配。 5．句意：学者张鸿明谈到了他对于方言消失的担忧。 定冠词the后接名词性成分，此处用动名词disappearing表示“消失”这一动作，作介词of的宾语，A选项符合语法规则。 6．句意：与此同时，15岁以上的年轻人有时会说方言，但说得不太好。 sometime某一时刻；sometimes有时；some time一段时间；some times几次。此处描述年轻人说方言的频率，sometimes契合语境，B选项正确。 7．句意：如果这种情况持续下去，方言可能会消失。 can表示“能够”；should表示“应该”；might表示“可能”；must表示“必须”。此处是基于现状的推测，并非绝对肯定，might表委婉推测，C选项符合语义。 8．句意：该项目的首席专家曹志耘表示，为了实现这一目标，一项巨大的全国性努力已经投入到项目中。 此处表示泛指“一项”重大努力，big以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，C选项正确。 9．句意：在五年多的时间里，超过 350 所高校及科研机构参与其中，此外还有 4500 多名专家以及 6000 多名方言发音人。 固定搭配more than表示“超过、多于”，是数量表达的常用结构，more符合此处搭配要求，C选项正确。 10．句意：该项目目前正在进入它的第二阶段。 此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词part，its表示“它的”，指代前文提到的项目，B选项正确。 8 / 17乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $