精品解析：北京市顺义牛栏山第一中学2026-2027学年度高三第一学期十月月考英语试题

牛栏山一中2026—2027学年度高三第一学期十月月考 英语试卷 2026.10 （本试卷共100分，考试时间90分钟） 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last summer, as I got ready to move to a new city for a job, I stood in front of my crowded bookshelf. A wave of memories washed over me. Each book was a(n) ____1____ friend. A practical question kept echoing in my mind: “Will I ever read these again?” The thought of ____2____ them seemed too cold, and simply storing them seemed like a waste. I wanted the stories to live on. So I decided to find them new homes. I made a simple but detailed poster for our community board, ____3____ my books, with sections like “Classic Literature,” “Heartwarming Stories,” and “Young Adult Adventures,” and even added little notes about who might ____4____ each one. The ____5____ came quickly. The first call came from a teenage girl, and her voice was full of excitement. “Do you still have Pride and Prejudice?” she asked ____6____. When she arrived, her eyes scanned the piles of books and stopped at the novels. A warm smile spread across her face as she picked up the book she wanted. “Thank you so much!” she said, and ____7____ a handmade bookmark to me. “I made this,” she added. That small, kind gesture turned my earlier hesitation into quiet happiness. My books weren’t just being taken away; they were becoming someone else’s ____8____. Later, as I looked at my emptier shelves, I felt surprisingly light and ____9____. The physical weight of the books was gone, but in its place was a deep sense of warmth. The bookmark wasn’t just a gift; it was real human ____10____ — a reminder that stories could spark new journeys in others. Letting go, I realized, wasn’t really an ending. It was part of a beautiful, ongoing cycle. And the best joy was becoming a small link in that chain of sharing. 1. A. lost B. distant C. old D. funny 2. A. hiding B. selling C. lending D. adapting 3. A. ranking B. categorizing C. beautifying D. collecting 4. A. enjoy B. recognize C. recommend D. evaluate 5. A. challenge B. preparation C. response D. decision 6. A. confidently B. formally C. cautiously D. eagerly 7. A. presented B. dropped C. posted D. returned 8. A. dreams B. profits C. rewards D. treasures 9. A. calm B. curious C. content D. free 10. A. care B. connection C. generosity D. trust 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者搬家前将书送人并收获温暖与感悟的故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：每本书都是一位老朋友。A. lost丢失的；B. distant遥远的；C. old老的；D. funny有趣的。根据上文“A wave of memories washed over me.”可知，每本书都勾起了作者的回忆，书籍陪伴自己许久，就像老朋友一样。 【2题详解】 考查动词。句意：卖掉它们的想法似乎太冷漠，而单纯存放又像是一种浪费。A. hiding隐藏；B. selling卖；C. lending借出；D. adapting改编。根据下文“So I decided to find them new homes.”可知，作者决定给这些书找新家，说明作者不想卖掉这些书。 【3题详解】 考查动词。句意：我为社区公告板做了一个简单但详细的海报，把我的书分类，有“经典文学”、“温馨故事”和“青少年冒险”等部分，甚至还添加了关于谁可能会喜欢每一本书的小注释。A. ranking排名；B. categorizing分类；C. beautifying美化；D. collecting收集。根据下文“with sections like “Classic Literature,” “Heartwarming Stories,” and “Young Adult Adventures,””可知，作者对书籍进行了分类。 【4题详解】 考查动词。句意：我为社区公告板做了一个简单但详细的海报，把我的书分类，有“经典文学”、“温馨故事”和“青少年冒险”等部分，甚至还添加了关于谁可能会喜欢每一本书的小注释。A. enjoy喜欢；B. recognize认出；C. recommend推荐；D. evaluate评估。根据上文“I wanted the stories to live on. So I decided to find them new homes.”及“added little notes”可知，作者想让这些故事继续存在，给这些书找新家，标注适合人群，说明作者希望这些书能被喜欢它们的人得到。 【5题详解】 考查名词。句意：回应来得很快。A. challenge挑战；B. preparation准备；C. response回应；D. decision决定。根据下文“The first call came from a teenage girl, and her voice was full of excitement.”可知，作者很快就接到了电话，说明有人对作者的海报做出了回应。 【6题详解】 考查副词。句意：“你还有《傲慢与偏见》吗？”她急切地问道。A. confidently自信地；B. formally正式地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. eagerly急切地。根据上文“her voice was full of excitement”可知，这个女孩的声音充满了兴奋，说明她十分急切地询问书籍。 【7题详解】 考查动词。句意：“非常感谢！”她说，并送给我一个手工制作的书签。A. presented赠送，递交；B. dropped掉落；C. posted邮寄，张贴；D. returned归还。根据下文“a handmade bookmark to me”和“The bookmark wasn’t just a gift”可知，女孩拿到喜欢的书，把自制书签送给作者表感谢。 【8题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的书不仅仅是被拿走了；它们成了别人的珍宝。A. dreams梦想；B. profits利润；C. rewards奖励；D. treasures珍宝。根据上文“Thank you so much!”以及“That small, kind gesture turned my earlier hesitation into quiet happiness.”可知，这个女孩很感谢作者，说明对女孩来说这些书是珍宝。 【9题详解】 考查形容词。句意：后来，当我看着空荡荡的书架时，我感到出奇地轻松和满足。A. calm平静的；B. curious好奇的；C. content满足的；D. free自由的。根据下文“The physical weight of the books was gone, but in its place was a deep sense of warmth.”可知，作者通过赠书找到了书籍的新归宿，内心暖意满满，说明作者内心十分满足。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：这枚书签不仅仅是一份礼物；它是人与人之间真正的联结——提醒人们故事可以在别人心中点燃新的旅程。A. care关心；B. connection联结，联系；C. generosity慷慨；D. trust信任。根据下文“a reminder that stories could spark new journeys in others”可知，书签提醒人们故事可以在别人心中点燃新的旅程，说明书签是人与人之间的一种联结。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The “burnt toast theory” means bad things happen for a reason — they make way for something better ____11____ (come). I wasn’t a believer in this theory until 2013, when I ____12____ (fire) and had a tough job search. A friend helped me score an interview for a company. Unfortunately, I didn’t get that job. I was really upset, and it felt like an even ____13____ (big) setback. However, months later, that company had a major crisis. By then, I ____14____ (find) my dream job already. I’ve since applied this theory to my own life and work. 【答案】11. to come 12. was fired 13. bigger 14. had found 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了作者通过自身求职经历，感悟“烤焦面包理论”—— 坏事发生皆有缘由，会为更好的事情让路，并将这一人生道理运用到生活和工作中。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“烤焦面包理论” 意思是坏事的发生皆有缘由 —— 它们会为更好的事情到来让路。make way for sth. to do表示“为即将……的事情让路”，用不定式to come作后置定语。 【12题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：我一直不相信这个理论，直到2013年，我被解雇，找工作屡屡碰壁。时间为2013年，用一般过去时，主语I与fire是被动关系，用一般过去时被动语态was fired。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我非常沮丧，感觉这是一个更大的挫折。空处需填形容词作定语，even后常修饰形容词比较级，big的比较级为bigger。 【14题详解】 考查时态。句意：到那时，我已经找到了自己理想的工作。此处by then表示“到公司面临危机的那个时候”，公司面临危机（company had a major crisis）是过去的事情，找到工作发生在该动作之前，表示“过去的过去” 用过去完成时had found。 B 语法填空 When people are grateful and are good with things as they are, their physical health reflects that. Researchers over the years point to lower stress, ____15____ (reduce) pain and better blood pressure as a result of being grateful. Gratitude has a strong positive impact on psychological well-being as well, ____16____ benefits include increased self-respect, enhanced positive emotions, and a more optimistic outlook on life. Just like a muscle, when you exercise your ____17____ (thankful) more often, you’re more likely to see beneficial effects. 【答案】15. reduced 16. whose 17. thankfulness 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了感恩对人身心的积极影响：感恩不仅能降低压力、减轻疼痛、改善血压，还能提升自尊、增强积极情绪、使人更乐观地看待生活。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：多年来的研究指出，感恩能减轻压力、缓解疼痛并改善血压。设空处修饰名词pain，且pain与reduce之间为被动关系，表示“被减轻的疼痛”，应用过去分词，作定语。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：感恩对心理健康也有很强的积极影响，其好处包括增强自尊、提升积极情绪和形成更乐观的人生观。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Gratitude，指物，关系词在从句中作定语修饰benefits，表示“感恩的好处”，应用关系代词whose引导。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：就像肌肉一样，当你经常锻炼你的感恩之心时，你更有可能看到有益的效果。设空处被形容词性物主代词your 修饰，且在句中作动词exercise的宾语，应用名词thankfulness，意为“感恩之情”，为不可数名词。 C 语法填空 Chinese electric vehicle maker Xpeng has introduced a new humanoid robot ____18____ lifelike movements. The company representatives felt forced to slice it open onstage to prove a human wasn’t hiding inside. Certainly, there wasn’t. Instead, the robot ____19____ (have) a flexible, humanlike spine (脊柱) and artificial joints that allow it to move like a human model. This is thanks to Xpeng’s custom AI robotics architecture, which enables it to interpret visual inputs and respond physically without needing to first translate ____20____ it sees into language. 【答案】18. with 19. has 20. what 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了中国电动汽车制造商小鹏推出的一款新型人形机器人，该机器人拥有灵活类人的脊柱和人造关节，能做出逼真的动作，这得益于小鹏自主研发的AI机器人架构。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国电动汽车制造商小鹏推出了一款具有逼真动作的新型人形机器人。 “____ lifelike movements”在句中作后置定语，修饰名词robot，说明机器人“带有、具有”逼真的动作，应用介词with构成介词短语作定语。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：相反，这款机器人拥有灵活的、类人的脊柱和人造关节，使其能够像人体模特一样活动。设空处在句中作谓语；全文主体时态为一般现在时，主语the robot为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 【20题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这得益于小鹏自主研发的AI机器人架构，使其能够解读视觉输入并做出物理反应，而无需先将其看到的东西转化为语言。translate 后接宾语从句；从句中sees缺少宾语，表示“所看到的东西”，应用连接代词what引导该宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上，将该项涂黑。 A To further promote green development and raise public environmental awareness, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment will hold the 2026 Beijing International Environmental Protection Expo (BIEPE) at the China National Convention Center from August 20th to 26th, 2026. To guarantee smooth operation and quality services for domestic and foreign participants, the expo is now recruiting volunteers, who should be responsible, communicative and enthusiastic about environmental protection. Volunteers will be assigned to four functional groups based on their strengths and interests: ◆ Reception Group: Receive VIP guests, register participants and answer on-site questions. ◆ Translation Group: Open only to candidates with CET-6 550+ or equivalent English ability; provide simultaneous interpretation and document translation for international participants. ◆ Exhibition Guide Group: Introduce theme pavilions, environmental protection technologies and featured exhibits to visitors. ◆ Activity Coordination Group: Help organize on-site interactive activities, arrange venue layouts and cooperate with related departments. Pre-service training will be provided from August 10th to 18th, covering expo background, service rules, environmental knowledge and emergency handling. During the expo, volunteers work six hours daily with a one-hour break. The committee offers free accommodation, three meals a day, work uniforms and a volunteer certificate. Outstanding volunteers will gain the title of “Excellent Volunteer” and get a chance to join international environmental exchange events in 2027. Application Requirements: ◆ Applicants aged eighteen to twenty-five must be full-time college students or graduates within one year, with good academic performance and no disciplinary punishment. ◆ Fluent Mandarin is required; Translation Group applicants need valid English proficiency certificates. ◆ Applicants must attend all training and the whole expo without absence. ◆ Good team spirit, strong adaptability and the ability to deal with emergencies independently are needed. Application Methods: Qualified applicants should send application materials (personal resume, student ID or graduation certificate, and relevant proficiency certificates if needed) to the official email: biepe2026@126.com before July 30th, 2026. We welcome your participation to build a green and low-carbon future together. 21. Who can apply for the volunteer work? A. A twenty-six-year-old graduate with a high level of English. B. An eighteen-year-old high school student with good team spirit. C. A twenty- two-year-old college student with no disciplinary record. D. A twenty-four-year-old graduate who cannot attend all the training. 22. What can volunteers gain from this experience? A. Better emergency response skills. B. More chances of getting special titles. C. Better living conditions during the Expo. D. More opportunities for cultural exchange. 23. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To look for volunteers for the Expo. B. To introduce the volunteer work at the Expo. C. To encourage young people to join green activities. D. To raise people’s awareness of environmental protection. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍2026北京国际环保博览会招募志愿者信息，含分组分工、福利、报名条件与提交方式。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Application Requirements中的“Applicants aged eighteen to twenty-five must be full-time college students or graduates within one year, with good academic performance and no disciplinary punishment.(申请者年龄在18至25周岁，须为全日制在校生或毕业一年内的学生，成绩优良且无违纪处分。)”可知，22岁无违纪记录的大学生符合报名条件。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pre-service training will be provided from August 10th to 18th, covering expo background, service rules, environmental knowledge and emergency handling.(岗前培训于8.10至8.18开展，内容包含展会概况、服务规范、环保知识以及应急处理。)”可知，志愿者能够提升应急处置能力。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“To guarantee smooth operation and quality services for domestic and foreign participants, the expo is now recruiting volunteers, who should be responsible, communicative and enthusiastic about environmental protection.(为保障展会顺利举办、为海内外参会者提供优质服务，展会现面向社会招募有责任心、善于沟通、热衷环保的志愿者。)”可知，文章目的是为博览会招募志愿者。 B Back in 2008, when I was working as a professional astronomer, I was granted two nights on a big telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. I remember arriving at the peak of the volcano at dusk, very excited about this incredible opportunity. I went into the brightly lit telescope control room, plugged in my laptop and started preparing for the night of taking data. When it was dawn, I emerged into the sunrise, sleepy-eyed and ready for dinner… or was it breakfast? It was only years later that I realized I’d been to the peak of Mauna Kea and I hadn’t looked up at the night sky with my eyes even once. I now see this disappointing situation was representative of a deeper state of mental difficulty that had affected me like a long, slow sunset. Over my years of immersion (沉浸) in the academic environment, I’d become lost in the world of ideas, disconnected from an emotional, direct experience, and from the wonder and passion that had drawn me into astronomy in the first place. I’ve come to understand that this situation isn’t unique to me. These are typical symptoms of the modern world. So many of us live increasingly disconnected from nature-in the day and nighttime — often lost in the world of ideas, plans or anxieties, with our attention rarely in the here and now. Astrophysics was what led me into the world of ideas and facts, but it was ultimately stargazing in a mindful way that showed me the way back to a more balanced state of mental wellbeing and the wonder of my subjective, very human perspective. When we look with wide-eyed curiosity, rather than being preoccupied with facts and expectations, it encourages a state of wonder, which leads to awe. Studies have shown feeling awe on a regular basis is deeply beneficial to our mental health, because it helps us feel connected to something bigger than our everyday view of ourselves. Suddenly, our worries aren’t quite so all important and we start to see ourselves from a different perspective. It’s so easy to think that we’re looking up at the stars. But the truth is we’re in them — made of them, inseparable from them. You have grown out of, and are living as part of, this universe. True, looking at it one way you’re a tiny, seemingly insignificant piece of dust on a remote planet in an unremarkable solar system. But from another perspective, you’re an integral part of the universe experiencing itself through you own eyes, ears and thoughts. For me, this view has facilitated a complete transformation of my mental health and whole life. 24. What did the author mainly do after arriving at Mauna Kea? A. He admired the night sky from the volcano peak. B. He prepared for a night of telescope observation. C. He adjusted to the sunrise after a sleepless night. D. He reflected on his initial attraction to astronomy. 25. How does the author describe a typical feature of modern life? A. Devotion to work with clear purposes. B. Emotional involvement in daily experience. C. Interest in knowledge with a sense of curiosity. D. Distance from nature and lack of present focus. 26. What helped the author find inner balance again? A. Experiencing stargazing with openness and wonder. B. Viewing himself as insignificant in the vast universe. C. Learning more about astrophysics and scientific facts. D. Working with greater focus in an academic environment. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Happiness is found within. B. One may miss the wood for the trees. C. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. D. Stop and smell the roses in the natural world. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述作者的天文工作经历，反思现代人脱离自然的现状，体悟静心观星带来的身心改变。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I went into the brightly lit telescope control room, plugged in my laptop and started preparing for the night of taking data.(我走进灯火通明的望远镜控制室，插上笔记本电脑，开始为当晚的数据采集做准备。)”可知，作者到达莫纳克亚山后主要在筹备夜间望远镜观测工作。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“So many of us live increasingly disconnected from nature-in the day and nighttime — often lost in the world of ideas, plans or anxieties, with our attention rarely in the here and now.(我们许多人生活得越来越脱离自然，不分昼夜，常常迷失在想法、计划或焦虑之中，注意力很少放在此时此地。)”可知，现代生活的典型特征是疏离自然、无法专注当下。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Astrophysics was what led me into the world of ideas and facts, but it was ultimately stargazing in a mindful way that showed me the way back to a more balanced state of mental wellbeing and the wonder of my subjective, very human perspective.(天体物理学是带我进入观点与事实世界的事物，但最终是用心的观星指引我回到心理健康更为平衡的状态以及我主观的、极具人性视角的奇妙之感。)”可知，带着开放与好奇去观星让作者重获内心平衡。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第六段中的“When we look with wide-eyed curiosity, rather than being preoccupied with facts and expectations, it encourages a state of wonder, which leads to awe.(当我们睁大眼睛带着好奇去观望，而非一心纠结事实与预想时，这会催生惊奇之感，进而生出敬畏。)”可知，文章倡导人们驻足感受身边自然之美。 C Early or Later Day Care Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject. The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes, and many people do believe this. According to Bowlby, a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while, they will have a higher stress level. Parents’ influence on their children’s well-being may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child’s brain is developing rapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment. However, there are critics. Some anthropologists (人类学家) point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone. Plato, around 394 B.C., argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society. Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are more evenly distributed among a broader group of people. Besides, studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development. They learn the benefits of being socially smart, understanding the concept of sharing and caring. They promote concentration skills, which is very important in their learning. There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples. Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it. But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery. The matter, then, is far from being clearly known, though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children. 28. The passage mainly argues whether ________. A. children over three will accept school education B. children under three should be sent to nursery schools C. the family relationship is different in traditional societies D. early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies 29. Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theory? A. Early day care wouldn’t be so popular if it had negative effects. B. Separation from parents for young children is common in history. C. Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with. D. Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children’s development. 30. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion A. B. C. D. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讨论了婴幼儿早期日托是否合理的问题，呈现了正反两方面的观点，并最终得出结论，尽管存在争议，但经验和现有证据表明早期日托对幼儿是合理的。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段提出话题“Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject. (许多年轻父母对是否应该让孩子接受早期日托感到困惑，而关于这个问题一直存在着不同的看法。)”，第二段介绍Bowlby反对早期日托的理论，第三段进一步阐述其理论依据，第四段提出批评者的反对意见，第五段列举支持早期日托的研究证据，最后一段总结讨论并指出早期日托对幼儿是合理的。全文围绕“幼儿是否应该被送到托儿所”这一核心问题展开论证。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“According to Bowlby, a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while, they will have a higher stress level. (根据Bowlby的观点，当幼儿与父母分离时，可能会产生大量的心理伤害。如果他们有一段时间没有任何身体接触，就会处于更高的压力水平。)”可知，Bowlby的理论核心是，幼儿与父母分离会造成心理伤害。又根据最后一段第四、五句“Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness. (无论长期影响如何，父母有时还是会发现（早期日托带来的）即时影响难以应对。三岁以下的孩子不喜欢离开父母，并且会表现出不快乐。)”可知，父母所感受到的早期日托带来的即时影响难以应对，具体就体现为三岁以下幼儿离开父母后流露的不快乐，这一现象正好印证了 Bowlby 关于分离会导致心理困扰的观点。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。文章的结构为：第一段提出问题（Introduction），第二段和第三段阐述Bowlby反对早期日托的观点（Point 1），其中第二段提出Bowlby的核心观点，0至3岁与父母分离会造成心理伤害，第三段进一步从压力水平升高、大脑发育关键期等角度解释其内在机制，两段之间是递进关系，共同服务于“反对早期日托”这一立场。第四段和第五段提出批评者及研究的相反观点（Point 2），其中第四段从历史与文化角度指出传统社会中父母并不单独育儿，对Bowlby的观点提出质疑，第五段则从儿童发展角度正面列举日托对社交、专注力、语言数学能力的积极影响，两段分别从两个方面支撑“支持早期日托”的立场，属于并列关系。最后一段在权衡正反双方后给出结论，尽管长期影响尚不明确，但经验和证据表明早期日托是合理的。因此结构应为： I→观点1（P）→观点2（P，含Sp1历史社会视角+Sp2儿童发展视角）→结论（C）。 D Because the commercial internet has been developed with so little regard for privacy, tech companies have been able to turn personal data into considerable profits, raising billions of dollars off their ability to collect and sell information about anyone who has wandered within shouting distance of their software. This week, Google announced a step in the right direction-but not a huge step, nor one that will stop Google from continuing to collect immense amounts of personal data. At issue is how online companies track internet users as they browse (浏览) from site to site online, typically through cookies (information that a website leaves in your computer so that the website will recognize you when you use it again). The most harmful version, “third-party” cookies, is the web alternative of a company posting security guards across the internet to monitor what you do, even when you’re on other companies’ sites. Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support third-party cookies, nor would it create or use any other technology that tracks individual users across the web. Given that Google is a main supplier of online advertising technology, its change in approach will impact far and wide. That’s welcome news, although with huge amounts of warning. As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were already on the retreat, with Apple and other makers of popular web browsers moving to block them. Meanwhile, Google, Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large quantities from people who use their sites and services through first-party cookies and similar techniques. The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it’s being collected through first-party or third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Democracy and Technology. “Companies may use the information to discriminate among internet users, offering different goods, services and even prices to different users.” Instead of helping advertisers track individuals, Google says, it is improving a technology that assigns users namelessly to large groups with common interests. That’s an improvement, even though it too may be at risk of abuse. But why do any form of tracking at all? Privacy advocates say pitches (兜售) can be targeted effectively by basing them on where the user is at the moment, not where he or she has browsed previously online. Ultimately, lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving people far more control over whether and how personal information is used online. Ideally the federal (联邦的) government will set a strong floor under online privacy protections, but until then it will be up to state lawmakers or voters to act, as this state has done with its groundbreaking online privacy laws. It’s good to see Google move the ball forward, but there’s much farther to go. 31. What does the underlined phrase “on the retreat” in Para 4 most probably mean? A. Exposed. B. Removed. C. Emerging. D. Fading. 32. It can be learned from the declaration that Google . A. is developing new technologies to stop data collection B. refuses to work with companies tracking privacy C. intends to abandon its advertising technologies D. resolves to stop the use of third-party cookies 33. From the passage we can know that first-party cookies . A. are still collecting personal information B. are blocked by big companies like Apple C. are mainly used by advertising companies D. are less concerning than third-party cookies 34. What is the writer’s attitude towards Google’s new move? A. It is less satisfactory than expected. B. It needs to be more forceful to be effective. C. It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies. D. It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations. 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了本周谷歌宣布停止使用第三方cookies，这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步——但并不是很大的一步，也不会阻止谷歌继续收集大量的个人数据。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were already on the retreat, with Apple and other makers of popular web browsers moving to block them. (正如电子前沿基金会的李田指出的那样，第三方cookies已经___________，苹果和其他流行浏览器制造商开始屏蔽它们。)”由“苹果和其他流行浏览器制造商开始屏蔽它们”可猜测划线短语on the retreat意为“衰退，逐渐消失”。故选D项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support third-party cookies, nor would it create or use any other technology that tracks individual users across the web.(谷歌周三在一篇博客文章中宣布，它将不再使用或支持第三方cookies，也不会创建或使用任何其他技术来跟踪网络上的个人用户。)”可知，谷歌决心停止使用第三方cookies。故选D项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it’s being collected through first-party or third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Democracy and Technology. (民主与技术中心的米歇尔·理查森表示，无论是通过第一方还是第三方技术收集个人数据，人们对这些数据收集的担忧是相同的。)”可知，第一方cookies仍然在收集个人信息。故选A项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ It’s good to see Google move the ball forward, but there’s much farther to go. (很高兴看到谷歌将向前推进，但是还有很长的路要走。)”可知，作者认为谷歌的新举措需要更加有力的推进才能有效。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As the higher education sector faces mounting pressures to provide value for money, it’s now often assumed that universities will provide its students with much more than just a degree. Most prospectuses(宣传册)introduction present institutions as being the “leaders” in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours. ___35___ Visiting a university “in the flesh” on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course. ___36___ Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you. Before your visit, conduct some online research and decide on a few universities you’d like to visit. Plan your day, booking any relevant sessions, and noting down any talks you would like to attend. Prepare a list of questions about all the aspects of university life. During your visit, you need to make plenty of notes!____37____ You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up. ___38___Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts -not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students. While it might be tempting to let mum and dad take over, it’s you who will be going to university, not them, so don’t be afraid to speak up! Write down what you like about the university and compare it to others. Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.___39___ If you don’t enjoy your course, then chances are you will fail to maximise your potential. It’s your choice, so make the best of it! A. Avoid being misled by claims and statistics. B. It doesn’t matter how famous the university is. C. It is important to find out the selection criteria. D. With so many choices, how can you make an informed decision? E. Faced with all the information, what you need to do is to get the most out of it. F. The conversations and experiences you’ve had will mix together after a few visits. G. Determine your own criteria –especially if you’re unsure about which subjects to study. 【答案】35. D 36. A 37. F 38. C 39. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。由于高等教育部门面临着提供物有所值的压力，现在人们通常认为大学将为学生提供的不仅仅是一个学位。目前的院校在学术研究、学生满意度、毕业生就业能力和联系时间方面都处于“领先地位”。作者就如何选择适合自己的学校提出了一些建议。 【35题详解】 根据上文Most prospectuses introduction present institutions as being the “leaders” in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours.可知目前的院校在学术研究、学生满意度、毕业生就业能力和联系时间方面都处于“领先地位”。结合后文中提出了如何选择大学的建议，由此可知，本句承上启下，说明有这么多院校该如何做出明智的决定。故D选项“有这么多的选择，你怎么能做出明智的决定呢？”符合上下文语境，故选D。 【36题详解】 根据上文Visiting a university “in the flesh” on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course.可知在开放日“亲自”参观一所大学是你真正感受这个地方的唯一方式，并确保你在开始上课时不会遇到任何不愉快的意外。以及后文Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you.可知记住，没有最好的大学，只有最适合你的大学。由此可知，本句是在说明要去参观你选择的大学，而不要被大学的宣传和统计数据所误导，没有最好的大学，只有最适合自己的大学。故A选项“避免被声明和统计数字误导”符合上下文语境，故选A。 【37题详解】 根据后文You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up.可知你会开始忘记重要的事情，除非你把它们放下。 注意你喜欢哪个房间，以及它的价格和位置。 记住，你可能不会得到你的第一选择的住宿，所以有一些其他的心理作为后备。由此可知，经过几次拜访之后，你所经历的谈话和经验就会融合，导致你忘记重要的事情。故F选项“几次拜访之后，你的谈话和经历就会融合在一起”符合上下文语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 根据后文Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts – not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students.可知参加申请会议，你可以在那里得到答案。 你甚至可以给招生导师看一份你的个人陈述草稿，并要求他们给你一些直接的反馈。 问问专家——不仅是招生团队和课程导师，还有现在的学生。由此可知，本段是在说明找到选择大学的标准的方式。故C选项“找出选择标准是很重要的”符合上下文语境，故选C。 【39题详解】 根据上文Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.可知记住，你要优先考虑你的课程，而不是大学。由此可知，大学出名并不重要，重要的是要优先考虑你的课程。故B选项“这所大学有多出名并不重要”符合上下文语境，故选B。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Over breakfast, I chatted with Mia, my Spanish study buddy. I reviewed my recent lesson and shared what I’d learned from a podcast. By the end of our 10-minute talk, I felt I had gained more than from another textbook exercise. Mia, however, is not a real person. She is an AI I created to make use of the “protege effect.” It is a psychological phenomenon where we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about a topic we’ve just explored — even if that person doesn’t really exist. The principle of “learning by teaching” was first introduced in the early 1980s by Jean-Pol Martin, a French teacher, who allowed students to research and present parts of the curriculum to their classmates. The technique boosted their motivation and self-confidence, and it soon spread to many other schools. In one study, a US scientist, Caroline Chase tested its effectiveness. Her team asked 62 eighth-graders to use a computer program to learn about the biological changes during a fever. Over two lessons, students read a text and created a flowchart. Half did it as self-study; the others were told their work would help teach a virtual character on the screen. It was a small change, but the students in the role of teacher scored significantly better. This increased engagement made a big difference in both the amount they absorbed and the depth of their understanding. Chase’s team named this the “protege effect”, and it has since been confirmed by later studies. Knowing that others will learn from us creates a sense of responsibility to provide accurate information. This responsibility drives us to make a greater effort to fill in the gaps in our own understanding and correct any mistaken assumptions before we pass them on. Explaining our knowledge then helps to strengthen what we have learned. So why not give it a try? To truly master something, start teaching it — even if your student is only a virtual one. 40. What is the “protege effect”? ______________________________________________________________ 41. Why did students in the role of teacher score better in Chase’s study? ______________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤The responsibility to teach others pushes us to point out their mistaken assumptions. ______________________________________________________________ 43. How can you put the “protege effect” into practice? (In about 40 words) ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It is a psychological phenomenon where we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about a topic we’ve just explored. 41. Because this increased engagement made a big difference in both the amount they absorbed and the depth of their understanding. 42. The responsibility to teach others pushes us to point out their mistaken assumptions. The responsibility to teach others pushes us to correct our mistaken assumptions. 43. Possible Version I often ask a friend or AI to be my student. After learning, I explain in my own words and take questions. This helps me organize my thoughts and find areas for improvement, which is how I truly learn. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“门生效应”这一心理现象及其在教学中的应用和效果。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“She is an AI I created to make use of the ‘protege effect.’ It is a psychological phenomenon where we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about a topic we’ve just explored — even if that person doesn’t really exist.(她是我创造出来利用“门生效应”的人工智能。这是一种心理现象，即当我们向他人传授我们刚刚探索过的话题时，我们会学得更有效——即使那个人并不真正存在)”可知，“门生效应”指的是当我们向他人传授我们刚刚探索过的话题时，我们会学得更有效这种心理现象。故答案为It is a psychological phenomenon where we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about a topic we’ve just explored. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段“It was a small change, but the students in the role of teacher scored significantly better. This increased engagement made a big difference in both the amount they absorbed and the depth of their understanding.(这是一个小小的变化，但扮演教师角色的学生得分明显更高。这种增加的参与度对他们吸收的知识量和理解的深度都产生了很大的影响)”可知，在Chase的研究中，扮演教师角色的学生得分更高是因为这种增加的参与度对他们吸收的知识量和理解的深度都产生了很大的影响。故答案为Because this increased engagement made a big difference in both the amount they absorbed and the depth of their understanding. 【42题详解】 考查细节判断。根据第六段“This responsibility drives us to make a greater effort to fill in the gaps in our own understanding and correct any mistaken assumptions before we pass them on.(这种责任感促使我们在传递信息之前，更加努力地填补自己理解上的空白，纠正任何错误的假设)”可知，是纠正我们自己错误的假设，而不是指出他们错误的假设，所以原句“The responsibility to teach others pushes us to point out their mistaken assumptions.”表述错误，应改为“The responsibility to teach others pushes us to correct our mistaken assumptions”。故答案为The responsibility to teach others pushes us to point out their mistaken assumptions. The responsibility to teach others pushes us to correct our mistaken assumptions。 【43题详解】 考查开放性题目。根据最后一段“So why not give it a try? To truly master something, start teaching it — even if your student is only a virtual one.(那么为什么不试一试呢？要真正掌握某样东西，就开始教它——即使你的学生只是一个虚拟的)”以及结合全文对“门生效应”的介绍可知，要真正掌握某样东西，就可以利用“门生效应”，我经常让一位朋友或人工智能充当我的“学生”。学习之后，我会用自己的话进行解释并回答问题。这样做能帮助我理清思路，找出需要改进的地方，从而真正学习。故答案为：I often ask a friend or AI to be my student. After learning, I explain in my own words and take questions. This helps me organize my thoughts and find areas for improvement, which is how I truly learn. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了缓解AI时代下人际疏离的问题，你的好友Jim正在策划一次主题为“连接”的活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 说明理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to know you’re planning an activity themed “Connection” to ease interpersonal alienation in the AI era. I’d like to offer two practical suggestions. First, organize a “Heart-to-Heart Sharing Session”. This session allows students to sit face-to-face, share daily troubles, study pressure and interesting stories, helping them listen patiently and understand each other, thus narrowing the distance between peers. Besides, hold cooperative team games. Tasks like group puzzles require close communication and cooperation without electronic devices. Working together helps them break the ice quickly, build trust and strengthen bonds in a relaxed way. These activities fit the “Connection” theme well and can solve the alienation problem. I hope my suggestions are helpful to you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生以李华的名义给好友Jim写一封邮件，就他正在策划一次主题为“连接”的活动提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 帮助：help→assist 加强：strengthen→enhance 解决：solve→settle 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：I’m glad to know you’re planning an activity themed “Connection” to ease interpersonal alienation in the AI era. 拓展句：I’m glad to know you’re planning an activity whose theme is “Connection” to ease interpersonal alienation in the AI era. 【点睛】[高分句型1]This session allows students to sit face-to-face, share daily troubles, study pressure and interesting stories, helping them listen patiently and understand each other, thus narrowing the distance between peers.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2]Working together helps them break the ice quickly, build trust and strengthen bonds in a relaxed way.（运用了动名词短语作主语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 牛栏山一中2026—2027学年度高三第一学期十月月考 英语试卷 2026.10 （本试卷共100分，考试时间90分钟） 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Last summer, as I got ready to move to a new city for a job, I stood in front of my crowded bookshelf. A wave of memories washed over me. Each book was a(n) ____1____ friend. A practical question kept echoing in my mind: “Will I ever read these again?” The thought of ____2____ them seemed too cold, and simply storing them seemed like a waste. I wanted the stories to live on. So I decided to find them new homes. I made a simple but detailed poster for our community board, ____3____ my books, with sections like “Classic Literature,” “Heartwarming Stories,” and “Young Adult Adventures,” and even added little notes about who might ____4____ each one. The ____5____ came quickly. The first call came from a teenage girl, and her voice was full of excitement. “Do you still have Pride and Prejudice?” she asked ____6____. When she arrived, her eyes scanned the piles of books and stopped at the novels. A warm smile spread across her face as she picked up the book she wanted. “Thank you so much!” she said, and ____7____ a handmade bookmark to me. “I made this,” she added. That small, kind gesture turned my earlier hesitation into quiet happiness. My books weren’t just being taken away; they were becoming someone else’s ____8____. Later, as I looked at my emptier shelves, I felt surprisingly light and ____9____. The physical weight of the books was gone, but in its place was a deep sense of warmth. The bookmark wasn’t just a gift; it was real human ____10____ — a reminder that stories could spark new journeys in others. Letting go, I realized, wasn’t really an ending. It was part of a beautiful, ongoing cycle. And the best joy was becoming a small link in that chain of sharing. 1. A. lost B. distant C. old D. funny 2. A. hiding B. selling C. lending D. adapting 3. A. ranking B. categorizing C. beautifying D. collecting 4. A. enjoy B. recognize C. recommend D. evaluate 5. A. challenge B. preparation C. response D. decision 6. A. confidently B. formally C. cautiously D. eagerly 7. A. presented B. dropped C. posted D. returned 8. A. dreams B. profits C. rewards D. treasures 9. A. calm B. curious C. content D. free 10. A. care B. connection C. generosity D. trust 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The “burnt toast theory” means bad things happen for a reason — they make way for something better ____11____ (come). I wasn’t a believer in this theory until 2013, when I ____12____ (fire) and had a tough job search. A friend helped me score an interview for a company. Unfortunately, I didn’t get that job. I was really upset, and it felt like an even ____13____ (big) setback. However, months later, that company had a major crisis. By then, I ____14____ (find) my dream job already. I’ve since applied this theory to my own life and work. B 语法填空 When people are grateful and are good with things as they are, their physical health reflects that. Researchers over the years point to lower stress, ____15____ (reduce) pain and better blood pressure as a result of being grateful. Gratitude has a strong positive impact on psychological well-being as well, ____16____ benefits include increased self-respect, enhanced positive emotions, and a more optimistic outlook on life. Just like a muscle, when you exercise your ____17____ (thankful) more often, you’re more likely to see beneficial effects. C 语法填空 Chinese electric vehicle maker Xpeng has introduced a new humanoid robot ____18____ lifelike movements. The company representatives felt forced to slice it open onstage to prove a human wasn’t hiding inside. Certainly, there wasn’t. Instead, the robot ____19____ (have) a flexible, humanlike spine (脊柱) and artificial joints that allow it to move like a human model. This is thanks to Xpeng’s custom AI robotics architecture, which enables it to interpret visual inputs and respond physically without needing to first translate ____20____ it sees into language. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上，将该项涂黑。 A To further promote green development and raise public environmental awareness, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment will hold the 2026 Beijing International Environmental Protection Expo (BIEPE) at the China National Convention Center from August 20th to 26th, 2026. To guarantee smooth operation and quality services for domestic and foreign participants, the expo is now recruiting volunteers, who should be responsible, communicative and enthusiastic about environmental protection. Volunteers will be assigned to four functional groups based on their strengths and interests: ◆ Reception Group: Receive VIP guests, register participants and answer on-site questions. ◆ Translation Group: Open only to candidates with CET-6 550+ or equivalent English ability; provide simultaneous interpretation and document translation for international participants. ◆ Exhibition Guide Group: Introduce theme pavilions, environmental protection technologies and featured exhibits to visitors. ◆ Activity Coordination Group: Help organize on-site interactive activities, arrange venue layouts and cooperate with related departments. Pre-service training will be provided from August 10th to 18th, covering expo background, service rules, environmental knowledge and emergency handling. During the expo, volunteers work six hours daily with a one-hour break. The committee offers free accommodation, three meals a day, work uniforms and a volunteer certificate. Outstanding volunteers will gain the title of “Excellent Volunteer” and get a chance to join international environmental exchange events in 2027. Application Requirements: ◆ Applicants aged eighteen to twenty-five must be full-time college students or graduates within one year, with good academic performance and no disciplinary punishment. ◆ Fluent Mandarin is required; Translation Group applicants need valid English proficiency certificates. ◆ Applicants must attend all training and the whole expo without absence. ◆ Good team spirit, strong adaptability and the ability to deal with emergencies independently are needed. Application Methods: Qualified applicants should send application materials (personal resume, student ID or graduation certificate, and relevant proficiency certificates if needed) to the official email: biepe2026@126.com before July 30th, 2026. We welcome your participation to build a green and low-carbon future together. 21. Who can apply for the volunteer work? A. A twenty-six-year-old graduate with a high level of English. B. An eighteen-year-old high school student with good team spirit. C. A twenty- two-year-old college student with no disciplinary record. D. A twenty-four-year-old graduate who cannot attend all the training. 22. What can volunteers gain from this experience? A. Better emergency response skills. B. More chances of getting special titles. C. Better living conditions during the Expo. D. More opportunities for cultural exchange. 23. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To look for volunteers for the Expo. B. To introduce the volunteer work at the Expo. C. To encourage young people to join green activities. D. To raise people’s awareness of environmental protection. B Back in 2008, when I was working as a professional astronomer, I was granted two nights on a big telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. I remember arriving at the peak of the volcano at dusk, very excited about this incredible opportunity. I went into the brightly lit telescope control room, plugged in my laptop and started preparing for the night of taking data. When it was dawn, I emerged into the sunrise, sleepy-eyed and ready for dinner… or was it breakfast? It was only years later that I realized I’d been to the peak of Mauna Kea and I hadn’t looked up at the night sky with my eyes even once. I now see this disappointing situation was representative of a deeper state of mental difficulty that had affected me like a long, slow sunset. Over my years of immersion (沉浸) in the academic environment, I’d become lost in the world of ideas, disconnected from an emotional, direct experience, and from the wonder and passion that had drawn me into astronomy in the first place. I’ve come to understand that this situation isn’t unique to me. These are typical symptoms of the modern world. So many of us live increasingly disconnected from nature-in the day and nighttime — often lost in the world of ideas, plans or anxieties, with our attention rarely in the here and now. Astrophysics was what led me into the world of ideas and facts, but it was ultimately stargazing in a mindful way that showed me the way back to a more balanced state of mental wellbeing and the wonder of my subjective, very human perspective. When we look with wide-eyed curiosity, rather than being preoccupied with facts and expectations, it encourages a state of wonder, which leads to awe. Studies have shown feeling awe on a regular basis is deeply beneficial to our mental health, because it helps us feel connected to something bigger than our everyday view of ourselves. Suddenly, our worries aren’t quite so all important and we start to see ourselves from a different perspective. It’s so easy to think that we’re looking up at the stars. But the truth is we’re in them — made of them, inseparable from them. You have grown out of, and are living as part of, this universe. True, looking at it one way you’re a tiny, seemingly insignificant piece of dust on a remote planet in an unremarkable solar system. But from another perspective, you’re an integral part of the universe experiencing itself through you own eyes, ears and thoughts. For me, this view has facilitated a complete transformation of my mental health and whole life. 24. What did the author mainly do after arriving at Mauna Kea? A. He admired the night sky from the volcano peak. B. He prepared for a night of telescope observation. C. He adjusted to the sunrise after a sleepless night. D. He reflected on his initial attraction to astronomy. 25. How does the author describe a typical feature of modern life? A. Devotion to work with clear purposes. B. Emotional involvement in daily experience. C. Interest in knowledge with a sense of curiosity. D. Distance from nature and lack of present focus. 26. What helped the author find inner balance again? A. Experiencing stargazing with openness and wonder. B. Viewing himself as insignificant in the vast universe. C. Learning more about astrophysics and scientific facts. D. Working with greater focus in an academic environment. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Happiness is found within. B. One may miss the wood for the trees. C. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. D. Stop and smell the roses in the natural world. C Early or Later Day Care Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject. The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes, and many people do believe this. According to Bowlby, a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while, they will have a higher stress level. Parents’ influence on their children’s well-being may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child’s brain is developing rapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment. However, there are critics. Some anthropologists (人类学家) point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone. Plato, around 394 B.C., argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society. Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are more evenly distributed among a broader group of people. Besides, studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development. They learn the benefits of being socially smart, understanding the concept of sharing and caring. They promote concentration skills, which is very important in their learning. There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples. Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it. But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery. The matter, then, is far from being clearly known, though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children. 28. The passage mainly argues whether ________. A. children over three will accept school education B. children under three should be sent to nursery schools C. the family relationship is different in traditional societies D. early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies 29. Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theory? A. Early day care wouldn’t be so popular if it had negative effects. B. Separation from parents for young children is common in history. C. Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with. D. Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children’s development. 30. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion A. B. C. D. D Because the commercial internet has been developed with so little regard for privacy, tech companies have been able to turn personal data into considerable profits, raising billions of dollars off their ability to collect and sell information about anyone who has wandered within shouting distance of their software. This week, Google announced a step in the right direction-but not a huge step, nor one that will stop Google from continuing to collect immense amounts of personal data. At issue is how online companies track internet users as they browse (浏览) from site to site online, typically through cookies (information that a website leaves in your computer so that the website will recognize you when you use it again). The most harmful version, “third-party” cookies, is the web alternative of a company posting security guards across the internet to monitor what you do, even when you’re on other companies’ sites. Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support third-party cookies, nor would it create or use any other technology that tracks individual users across the web. Given that Google is a main supplier of online advertising technology, its change in approach will impact far and wide. That’s welcome news, although with huge amounts of warning. As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were already on the retreat, with Apple and other makers of popular web browsers moving to block them. Meanwhile, Google, Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large quantities from people who use their sites and services through first-party cookies and similar techniques. The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it’s being collected through first-party or third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Democracy and Technology. “Companies may use the information to discriminate among internet users, offering different goods, services and even prices to different users.” Instead of helping advertisers track individuals, Google says, it is improving a technology that assigns users namelessly to large groups with common interests. That’s an improvement, even though it too may be at risk of abuse. But why do any form of tracking at all? Privacy advocates say pitches (兜售) can be targeted effectively by basing them on where the user is at the moment, not where he or she has browsed previously online. Ultimately, lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving people far more control over whether and how personal information is used online. Ideally the federal (联邦的) government will set a strong floor under online privacy protections, but until then it will be up to state lawmakers or voters to act, as this state has done with its groundbreaking online privacy laws. It’s good to see Google move the ball forward, but there’s much farther to go. 31. What does the underlined phrase “on the retreat” in Para 4 most probably mean? A. Exposed. B. Removed. C. Emerging. D. Fading. 32. It can be learned from the declaration that Google . A. is developing new technologies to stop data collection B. refuses to work with companies tracking privacy C. intends to abandon its advertising technologies D. resolves to stop the use of third-party cookies 33. From the passage we can know that first-party cookies . A. are still collecting personal information B. are blocked by big companies like Apple C. are mainly used by advertising companies D. are less concerning than third-party cookies 34. What is the writer’s attitude towards Google’s new move? A. It is less satisfactory than expected. B. It needs to be more forceful to be effective. C. It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies. D. It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As the higher education sector faces mounting pressures to provide value for money, it’s now often assumed that universities will provide its students with much more than just a degree. Most prospectuses(宣传册)introduction present institutions as being the “leaders” in academic research, student satisfaction, graduate employability and contact hours. ___35___ Visiting a university “in the flesh” on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place, and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course. ___36___ Remember that there is no such thing as the best university – only the best fit for you. Before your visit, conduct some online research and decide on a few universities you’d like to visit. Plan your day, booking any relevant sessions, and noting down any talks you would like to attend. Prepare a list of questions about all the aspects of university life. During your visit, you need to make plenty of notes!____37____ You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down. Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located. Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation, so have a few others in mind as a back-up. ___38___Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there. You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback. Ask the experts -not only the admissions team and course tutors, but also the current students. While it might be tempting to let mum and dad take over, it’s you who will be going to university, not them, so don’t be afraid to speak up! Write down what you like about the university and compare it to others. Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.___39___ If you don’t enjoy your course, then chances are you will fail to maximise your potential. It’s your choice, so make the best of it! A. Avoid being misled by claims and statistics. B. It doesn’t matter how famous the university is. C. It is important to find out the selection criteria. D. With so many choices, how can you make an informed decision? E. Faced with all the information, what you need to do is to get the most out of it. F. The conversations and experiences you’ve had will mix together after a few visits. G. Determine your own criteria –especially if you’re unsure about which subjects to study. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Over breakfast, I chatted with Mia, my Spanish study buddy. I reviewed my recent lesson and shared what I’d learned from a podcast. By the end of our 10-minute talk, I felt I had gained more than from another textbook exercise. Mia, however, is not a real person. She is an AI I created to make use of the “protege effect.” It is a psychological phenomenon where we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about a topic we’ve just explored — even if that person doesn’t really exist. The principle of “learning by teaching” was first introduced in the early 1980s by Jean-Pol Martin, a French teacher, who allowed students to research and present parts of the curriculum to their classmates. The technique boosted their motivation and self-confidence, and it soon spread to many other schools. In one study, a US scientist, Caroline Chase tested its effectiveness. Her team asked 62 eighth-graders to use a computer program to learn about the biological changes during a fever. Over two lessons, students read a text and created a flowchart. Half did it as self-study; the others were told their work would help teach a virtual character on the screen. It was a small change, but the students in the role of teacher scored significantly better. This increased engagement made a big difference in both the amount they absorbed and the depth of their understanding. Chase’s team named this the “protege effect”, and it has since been confirmed by later studies. Knowing that others will learn from us creates a sense of responsibility to provide accurate information. This responsibility drives us to make a greater effort to fill in the gaps in our own understanding and correct any mistaken assumptions before we pass them on. Explaining our knowledge then helps to strengthen what we have learned. So why not give it a try? To truly master something, start teaching it — even if your student is only a virtual one. 40. What is the “protege effect”? ______________________________________________________________ 41. Why did students in the role of teacher score better in Chase’s study? ______________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤The responsibility to teach others pushes us to point out their mistaken assumptions. ______________________________________________________________ 43. How can you put the “protege effect” into practice? (In about 40 words) ______________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了缓解AI时代下人际疏离的问题，你的好友Jim正在策划一次主题为“连接”的活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 说明理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $