精品解析：上海市行知中学2026-2027学年第一学期第一次月考高三年级英语试题

上海市行知中学2026-2027学年第一学期第一次月考 高三年级英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷(共65分) I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A DIRECTIONS: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fit s each blank. The Mystery of the Haunted House In a small, secluded town, there stood an old, abandoned house. Legends said it was haunted, but Detective Alex didn’t believe in such superstitions. One day, he received a call from a local historian who claimed ____1____ (see) strange lights and sounds coming from the house at night. Detective Alex decided to investigate. Approaching the house, he felt a chill in the air. The door was slightly ajar, creaking eerily in the wind. He noticed some faint footprints of different sizes in the dust around the entrance, indicating that there might be more than one person ____2____ (involve). Inside, the house was filled with dust and cobwebs. He first explored the living room, on ____3____ floor he found some broken glass shards. Using a special light, he detected some smudged fingerprints on the remaining pieces of glass. He cautiously collected these pieces as potential evidence. Then in the attic, he found a series of strange markings, which seemed to form a pattern, but he ____4____ make no sense of it at first. As he ____5____ (examine) the markings, he heard a faint moan coming from downstairs. He quickly made his way down and saw ____6____ appeared to be a shadowy figure disappearing around the corner. He chased after it, but when he reached the spot, there was no one there. However, he noticed a small piece of fabric caught on a nail. It was a modern fabric. not ____7____ that would belong in an old, abandoned house. Back at the police station, he analyzed the fabric and found that it was from a common brand of clothing. The fingerprints from the glass were run through the database, but no matches were found immediately. He studied the markings from the attic and was at a loss. ____8____ he realized they were coordinates. Following the coordinates, he arrived at an abandoned warehouse on the outskirts of town where he found a group of thieves who were using the haunted house as a decoy to hide their stolen goods. They had created the spooky sounds and lights to keep people away. With the case solved, the town was relieved, and Detective Alex’s reputation as a brilliant detective was ____9____ (far) enhanced. He proved that there were no ghosts, just clever criminals _____10_____ (try) to cover their tracks. 【答案】1. to have seen 2. involved 3. whose 4. could 5. was examining 6. what 7. something 8. until 9. further 10. trying 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了亚历克斯警探去检查一座闹鬼的老房子，发现一群小偷利用这座所谓的鬼屋作为诱饵来隐藏他们的赃物。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：有一天，他接到了当地一位历史学家的电话，这位历史学家声称在晚上看到房子里发出奇怪的光和声音。此处为短语claim to do sth.，且结合语境可知see先于claim完成，应用to have done形式。故填to have seen。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他注意到入口处周围的尘土中有一些大小不一的脚印，这表明参与其中的可能不止一个人。此处修饰名词person，表示被动应用过去分词形式作定语。故填involved。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他先在客厅里找了找，在客厅的地板上发现了一些碎玻璃碎片。介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the living room，作定语应用whose。故填whose。 【4题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：然后在阁楼上，他发现了一系列奇怪的标记，似乎形成了一个图案，但他一开始不明白。根据上文found可知为一般过去时，且后跟动词原形，表示“能够”应用could。故填could。 【5题详解】 考查时态。句意：正当他检查标记时，他听到楼下传来一声微弱的呻吟。表示过去某个时刻正在进行用过去进行时，主语为he，谓语用单数。故填was examining。 【6题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：他迅速走下楼梯，看到一个影子似乎在拐角处消失了。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，用what。故填what。 【7题详解】 考查不定代词。句意：这是一种现代的织物，不属于一个古老的，废弃的房子。此处指某物，作先行词，应用不定代词something。故填something。 【8题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：他仔细研究了阁楼上的标记，不知所措，直到他意识到那是坐标。引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”应用until。故填until。 【9题详解】 考查比较级。句意：随着案件的解决，镇上的人都松了一口气，亚历克斯侦探作为一名杰出侦探的声誉也进一步提高了。表示“进一步”修饰动词enhance，应用比较级further。故填further。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他证明了没有鬼，只有想要掩盖他们的踪迹的聪明罪犯。此处try与criminals构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填trying。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. appealing B. bargains C. credited D. identical E. intentionally F. items G. limited H. missteps I. pioneered J. gratefully K. scored Dupes are wearing out Lululemon Athletica Dupes are the products that cost less than the premium (高端的) versions but are of similar style and quality. Less expensive versions of premium products have become a(n) ____11____ alternative, particularly for younger shoppers. That is becoming a problem for Lululemon Athletica, the company that ____12____ high- end sportswear and made $100 leggings the norm. “The brand logo doesn’t hold as much appeal as it used to,” said Mikayla Kitsopoulos, a 22- year- old college student. “Finding ____13____ is the new status symbol.” When Kitsopoulos was in high school, she wore Lululemon leggings, which cost about $100. Now, she buys her leggings on Amazon for about $30. She said the quality and fit is almost ____14____, so why pay more? The heightened competition comes as Lululemon has made a series of ____15____ that have turned off even some of its most devoted fans. Not long ago, it removed a new type of leggings from its stores and website after customers complained about the fit. Other mistakes have included a color palette that was too ____16____ and not having enough of some products such as smaller size leggings. The misfires have pushed people such as Natalie Assink to ____17____ seek out different brands. The20- year- old college student said she switched from Lululemon to Gymshark and AYBL not just because their leggings cost less, but also because they have more color varieties. Buying cheaper versions of premium products isn’t new. Boasting about it is. Ellyn Briggs, Moring Consult’s brands analyst, ____18____ the growing popularity of dupes to inflation but also to the rise of social media. The No. I reason people said they bought dupes was to save money, according to Morning Consult’s survey. They also wanted to test out whether the cheaper versions were as good as the premium ____19____ and then post about them on TikTok or other platforms. “It’s more than just a transaction,” Briggs said. “They want to share the fact that they have ____20____ a success.” 【答案】11. A 12. I 13. B 14. D 15. H 16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. K 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了平价替代品（dupes）的流行，特别是针对高端运动品牌Lululemon Athletica的影响，以及消费者选择平价替代品的原因和动机。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：高档产品的低价版已成为一种颇具吸引力的选择，尤其是对年轻消费者而言。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，appealing意为“吸引人的”，符合语境。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：这已成为Lululemon Athletica公司的一个问题，该公司率先推出了高端运动服装，并使100美元的打底裤成为常态。此处是that引导的定语从句，从句缺少谓语，空处应填动词，根据后文的made可知，用一般过去时，所以pioneered意为“开创”，符合语境。故选I项。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：“品牌标识已不再像过去那样具有吸引力，”22 岁的大学生Mikayla Kitsopoulos说道，“寻找物美价廉的商品才是新的身份象征。”空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，bargain意为“便宜货”，符合语境，为可数名词，根据句意，此处用复数形式。故选B项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她说，质量和合身度几乎一样，为什么要多付钱呢?空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，identical意为“相同的”，符合语境。故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：竞争加剧之际，Lululemon犯下了一系列失误，甚至让一些最忠实的粉丝也失去了兴趣。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，此处指Lululemon犯了一系列错误，missteps意为“失误”，符合语境。故选H项。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其他错误还包括配色过于有限，以及一些产品(如小号打底裤)数量不足。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，此处指颜色调色板太有限，limited意为“有限的”，符合语境。故选G项。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些失败促使Natalie Assink等人有意寻找不同的品牌。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰，此处指这些失误促使人们故意寻找不同的品牌，intentionally意为“故意地”，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：Moring Consult公司的品牌分析师Ellyn Briggs将冒牌服装越来越受欢迎归因于通货膨胀，但也归因于社交媒体的兴起。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，此处指将平价替代品的日益流行归因于通货膨胀，credit…to…意为“把……归因于……”，符合语境，根据句意，此处描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们还想测试一下便宜的版本是否和高级产品一样好，然后在TikTok或其他平台上发布有关它们的信息。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，此处指便宜版本是否和高端产品一样好，items意为“产品”，符合语境。故选F项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：Briggs说：“这不仅仅是一笔交易。他们想分享他们取得成功的事实。”根据句意，此处表达已完成之事，用现在完成时，空前已有have，所以空处应填过去分词形式，此处指他们想分享他们取得成功的事实，scored意为“取得”，符合语境。故选K项。 II Reading Comprehension 45% Section A 15% Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Should you go for a ride-hailing upgrade, or pay extra for legroom on a long flight? For many, such minor choices cause more anxiety than they deserve. A new financial guideline promises ____21____. It is called the “0. 01% rule.” If the price of a purchase amounts to 0.01% or less of your net worth, you should stop being distressed and buy it. Someone with assets (资产)worth $500, 000, for instance, can spend $50 without ____22____. The principle was coined by Nick Maggiulli, a writer and investment manager, and outlined in his recent book The Wealth Ladder. Since then, it has migrated into personal-finance podcasts and online forums, where it has attracted admirers and ____23____ alike. Personal finance is no stranger to numeric rules. The 50/30/20 rule advises households to devote half their budget to needs, 30% to wants, and the rest to savings. The 4% rule offers retirees a supposedly safe annual drawdown (动用资金)from their nest egg. Mr. Maggiulli's contribution is different. It is not a ____24____ plan but a yardstick for moments of hesitation — a quick test to distinguish trivial sums from ____25____ ones. The idea was sparked by a(n) ____26____ source. A line from Jay-Z asked: “What's 50 grand to a fellow like me?” Mr. Maggiulli calculated that at the time it represented roughly 0. 01% of the rapper's fortune. The figure, he realized, ____27____ even for non-billionaires. It mirrors the assumption that assets will compound at just under 4% a year, or 0.01% a day. ____28____ that share of wealth does not eat away at capital. Like any rule of thumb, the rule has limits. Apply it too liberally and “____29____ yourself” purchases can accumulate into something rather less trivial. Mr. Maggiulli advises restraint: once or twice a week, not daily. Used sensibly, it can justify ____30____ luxuries without opening the door to extravagance (铺张浪费). Financial planners see the main value of the rule not for the impecunious — who know all too well what they cannot ____31____ — but for the well-off. Neela Hummel, head of Abacus Wealth Partners, notes that clients with eight-figure investments often waste hours chasing a $200 refund. Wealth rarely erases ____32____; habits formed decades earlier stay. The ____33____ are obvious. Optimistic valuations of one’s home can push up the benchmark. Successive applications can justify ever-pricier upgrades. And focusing on minor expenses may ____34____ you from larger questions about saving, investing and retirement. The rule is no replacement for sound financial planning. Even so, its popularity reveals something important. In a world full of money advice, many people do not need another formula for building wealth. What they desire is a way to ____35____ spending it. In this respect, Mr. Maggiulli’s rule offers something rare: a rational excuse for your choice. 21. A. autonomy B. reward C. intervention D. relief 22. A. budgeting B. consideration C. guilt D. restrictions 23. A. advocates B. doubters C. onlookers D. followers 24. A. far-reaching B. state-of-art C. low-profile D. long-term 25. A. agreed B. fixed C. serious D. subsequent 26. A. independent B. informed C. literary D. unlikely 27. A. rises B. works C. drops D. backfires 28. A. Possessing B. Spending C. Saving D. Generating 29. A. liberate B. treat C. apply D. choke 30. A. modest B. ultimate C. unnecessary D. pure 31. A. afford B. sacrifice C. earn D. boost 32. A. bonus B. economy C. incompetence D. odds 33. A. contradictions B. hazards C. upsides D. distinctions 34. A. distract B. spare C. withdraw D. defend 35. A. steer away from B. plan ahead for C. take delight in D. make peace with 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“0.01% 法则”的定义、起源、价值及局限，为小额消费决策提供参考。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的财务指导原则有望带来缓解。A. autonomy自主权；B. reward奖励；C. intervention干预；D. relief缓解。根据上文“such minor choices cause more anxiety than they deserve”可知，小额选择引发过多焦虑，新原则能带来缓解。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，资产50万美元的人可以毫无愧疚地花50美元。A. budgeting预算；B. consideration考虑；C. guilt愧疚；D. restrictions限制。根据上文“stop being distressed and buy it”可知，符合法则的消费无需苦恼，即无愧疚感。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，它进入了个人理财播客和在线论坛，吸引了仰慕者和怀疑者。A. advocates支持者；B. doubters怀疑者；C. onlookers旁观者；D. followers追随者。根据“admirers and”可知，前后为并列对比关系，指既有仰慕者也有怀疑者。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它不是一个长期的计划，而是犹豫时刻的衡量标准 —— 一种快速区分小额资金和大额资金的测试。A. far-reaching影响深远的；B. state-of-art最先进的；C. low-profile低调的；D. long-term长期的。根据下文“but a yardstick for moments of hesitation”可知，它并非是长期的计划，而是即时衡量标准。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它不是一个长期的计划，而是犹豫时刻的衡量标准 —— 一种快速区分小额资金和重要资金的测试。A. agreed公认的；B. fixed固定的；C. serious重要的；D. subsequent随后的。根据 上文“distinguish trivial sums from”可知，是区分小额资金与重要资金。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个想法来自一个意想不到的来源。A. independent独立的；B. informed有见识的；C. literary文学的；D. unlikely意想不到的。根据下文“A line from Jay-Z asked”可知，想法来自说唱歌手的歌词，是意想不到的来源。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他意识到，这个数字即使对非亿万富翁也同样适用。A. rises上升；B. works适用；C. drops下降；D. backfires适得其反。根据下文“even for non-billionaires”可知，该法则不仅适用于富豪，对普通人也适用。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：花掉那部分财富并不会侵蚀资本。A. Possessing拥有；B. Spending花费；C. Saving节省；D. Generating产生。根据上文“can spend $50 without ____ ” 可知，此处指花费符合法则的财富份额。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果过于随意地使用它，“犒劳自己”的消费可能会累积成一笔相当可观的数目。A. liberate解放；B. treat犒劳；C. apply应用；D. choke窒息。根据上文“It is called the “0. 01% rule.” If the price of a purchase amounts to 0. 01% or less of your net worth, you should stop being distressed and buy it.”和本句“purchases can accumulate”可知，指犒劳自己的消费行为。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：合理使用的话，它可以为适度的奢侈品消费提供正当理由，同时又不会导致铺张浪费。A. modest适度的；B. ultimate最终的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. pure纯粹的。根据“without opening the door to extravagance”可知，是适度的奢侈品消费。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：理财规划师认为，这条规则的主要价值不在于穷人 —— 他们非常清楚自己负担不起什么 —— 而在于富人。A. afford负担得起；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. earn赚取；D. boost促进。根据“the impecunious”可知，穷人清楚自己负担不起的东西。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：财富很难抹去节俭的习惯；几十年前养成的习惯依旧存在。A. bonus奖金；B. economy经济；C. incompetence无能；D. odds可能性。根据上文“clients with eight-figure investments often waste hours chasing a $200 refund.”可知，财富很难抹去节俭的习惯。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：风险是显而易见的。A. contradictions矛盾；B. hazards风险；C. upsides优势；D. distinctions区别。根据下文“ The rule is no replacement for sound financial planning.”可知，此处指法则的风险。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：专注于小额支出可能会让你分心，忽略关于储蓄、投资和退休的更大问题。A. distract使分心；B. spare抽出；C. withdraw撤回；D. defend防御。根据“from larger questions”可知，是分心而忽略重要问题。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们想要的是一种与花钱和解的方式。A. steer away from避开；B. plan ahead for提前规划；C. take delight in乐于；D. make peace with与……和解。根据下文“a rational excuse for your choice”可知，是找到花钱的合理理由，与花钱和解。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Visitors to HENN-NA, a restaurant outside Nagasaki, Japan, are greeted by an odd sight: their food being prepared by a row of humanoid robots that look like the Terminator. H. I. S., the company that runs the restaurant, as well as a nearby hotel where robots check guests into their rooms and help with their luggage, turned to automation partly out of necessity. Japan’s population is shrinking, and its economy is booming; the unemployment rate is only 2.8 percent. “Using robots makes a lot of sense in a country like Japan,” said CEO Hideo Sawada. Sawada predicts that 70 percent of the jobs at Japan’s hotels will be automated in the next five years. “It takes about a year to two to get your money back,” he said. “But since you can work them 24 hours a day, and they don’t need vacation, eventually it’s more cost-efficient to use the robot.” This may seem like a vision of the future best suited—perhaps only suited—to Japan. But according to Michael Chui, a partner at the McKinsey Global Institute, many tasks in the food-service and accommodation industry are exactly the kind that are easily automated. Chui’s latest research estimates that 54 percent of the tasks workers perform in American restaurants and hotels could be automated using currently available technologies. The robots, in fact, are already here. Chowbotics, a company in Redwood City, California, manufactures Sally, a boxy robot that prepares salads ordered on a touch screen. Botlr, a robot butler, now brings guests extra towels and toiletries in dozens of hotels around the country. This seems to be worrying. America’s economy isn’t developing nearly as smoothly as Japan’s, and one of the few bright spots in recent years has been employment in restaurants and hotels, which have added more jobs than almost any other industry. That growth, in fact, has helped dull the blow that automation has delivered to other industries. The food-service and accommodation industry now employs 13.7 million American. Since 2013, it has accounted for more jobs than manufacturing. These new positions once seemed safe from robots because they required a human touch in a way that manufacturing or mining jobs did not. When ordering a coffee or checking into a hotel, human beings want to interact with other human beings — or so we thought. The companies bringing robots into the service industry are betting that we’ll be happy to trade our relationship with human waiters or clerks for greater efficiency. They’re also confident that adding robots won’t necessarily mean cutting human jobs. 36. According to the writer, why was it partly out of necessity that H. I. S. turned to automation? A. It’s hard to find employees in Japan. B. The Japanese are used to using robots. C. Robotic technology is advanced in Japan. D. Japan’s economy develops less fast than expected. 37. According to Michael Chui, which of the following statements is true? A. It is no easy job to automate tasks in the hotel industry. B. Restaurant workers can be easily replaced by robots. C. Technologies need upgrading to pave the way for robotic waiters. D. Robots now perform 54% of the tasks in American restaurants and hotels. 38. Why does the automation in American restaurants and hotels seem worrying? A. The manufacturing industry is waiting to be automated. B. America’s economy is developing at an unexpected rate. C. Automation has already had a negative effect on the service industry. D. These two industries contribute much to America’s employment rate. 39. It can be inferred that companies bringing robots into the service industry think that ________. A. the human touch may not matter that much B. profit is more important than customer satisfaction C. manufacturing or mining jobs require human interaction D. robots will rob humans of their jobs at the cost of efficiency 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者介绍了日本有名的HENN-NA餐馆使用机器人为人们提供服务，并分析了人工智能带来的利与弊。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“H. I. S., the company that runs the restaurant, as well as a nearby hotel where robots check guests into their rooms and help with their luggage, turned to automation partly out of necessity. Japan’s population is shrinking, and its economy is booming; the unemployment rate is only 2.8 percent. “Using robots makes a lot of sense in a country like Japan,” said CEO Hideo Sawada.”（经营这家餐厅的公司H. I. S.，以及附近一家由机器人为客人办理入住手续并帮助他们搬运行李的酒店，在一定程度上转向自动化，是出于需要。日本的人口在减少，经济却在蓬勃发展；失业率只有2.8%。首席执行官Hideo Sawada表示:“在日本这样的国家，使用机器人很有意义。”）可知，根据作者的说法，H. I. S.转向了自动化在一定程度上是出于必要因为在日本很难找到员工。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But according to Michael Chui, a partner at the McKinsey Global Institute, many tasks in the food-service and accommodation industry are exactly the kind that are easily automated. Chui’s latest research estimates that 54 percent of the tasks workers perform in American restaurants and hotels could be automated using currently available technologies.”（但麦肯锡全球研究所的合伙人Michael Chui认为，食品服务和住宿行业的许多工作都是很容易自动化的。Chui的最新研究估计，美国餐馆和酒店中54%的工作可以通过现有技术实现自动化。）可知，根据Michael Chui，餐厅工作人员很容易被机器人取代。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This seems to be worrying. America’s economy isn’t developing nearly as smoothly as Japan’s, and one of the few bright spots in recent years has been employment in restaurants and hotels, which have added more jobs than almost any other industry. That growth, in fact, has helped dull the blow that automation has delivered to other industries. The food-service and accommodation industry now employs 13. 7 million American. Since 2013, it has accounted for more jobs than manufacturing.”（这似乎令人担忧。美国经济发展远没有日本那么顺利，近年来为数不多的亮点之一是餐饮业和酒店业的就业，这两个行业创造的就业机会几乎超过了其他任何行业。事实上，这种增长有助于减轻自动化给其他行业带来的冲击。食品服务和住宿行业现在雇佣了13人。700万美国人。自2013年以来，它提供的就业岗位已经超过了制造业。）可知，美国餐馆和酒店的自动化看起来令人担忧因为这两个行业对美国的就业率贡献很大。故选D。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“These new positions once seemed safe from robots because they required a human touch in a way that manufacturing or mining jobs did not. When ordering a coffee or checking into a hotel, human beings want to interact with other human beings—or so we thought. The companies bringing robots into the service industry are betting that we’ll be happy to trade our relationship with human waiters or clerks for greater efficiency. They’re also confident that adding robots won’t necessarily mean cutting human jobs.”（这些新岗位一度似乎不会受到机器人的影响，因为它们需要人的接触，而制造业或采矿业的工作则不需要。当点一杯咖啡或入住酒店时，人类想要与他人互动——至少我们是这么认为的。将机器人引入服务行业的公司打赌，我们会很乐意放弃与人类服务员或职员的关系，以换取更高的效率。他们还相信，增加机器人并不一定意味着减少人类的工作）可推知，将机器人引入服务行业的公司认为，人类的接触可能并不那么重要。故选A。 (B) If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast (播客) series to explore. If you aren’t sure where to start, have a look at these: The Joc Rogan Experience ★★★★★ The Joc Rogan Experience is a great learning device because of its interesting English conversations between Rogan and his guests. At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports. Rogan is also a famous stand-up comedian, so the show is full of cultural references and idioms. This American Life ★★★★★ This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA. It is a mixture of journalism and storytelling, focusing on real-life tales from citizens of all regions of the country. The stories are new and varied. One episode was taped for 24 hours in an all-night restaurant; another interviewed workers on strike. The Writer's Voice ★★★★☆ The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story. In this podcast, the week's story is read aloud by its writer. The published work covers a wide range of life experiences across the United States and beyond. It's a great way to enjoy some of the best new fiction in the country. Overheard at National Geographic ★★★★★ National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment. Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks. Expect crazy stories from explorers, photographers, and scientists from around the world. 40. In order to fully enjoy these podcasts, you should________. A. have interaction with hosts B. have good English competence C. be interested in being a podcaster D. be familiar with American social life 41. Which podcast gives you more stories behind the scene? A. The Writer's Voice. B. This American Life. C. The Joe Rogan Experience. D. Overheard at National Geographic. 42. What do these podcasts have in common? A. They enjoy great popularity. B. Their stories are set in America. C. They are attached to magazines. D. Their works are updated weekly. 【答案】40. B 41. D 42. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向在日常生活中理解以英语为母语的人说的话没有困难的人介绍了全新的精彩播客系列。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast series to explore.(如果你在日常生活中理解以英语为母语的人说的话没有困难，还有一个全新的精彩播客系列等着你去探索)”可知，如果想要完全享受这些播客，首先你要有好的英语能力。故选B项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句“Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks.(偶然听到的是国家地理员工在休息时的讨论)”可知，Overheard at National Geographic可以让你听到更多的幕后故事。故选D项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一个小标题下第二句“At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports.(到我写这篇文章的时候，已经有1660多集了，主题从喜剧、科学到政治和体育)”和其余三个小标题的第一句“This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA.(《美国生活》对于想要深入了解美国文化的英语学习者来说是一个很好的选择)”“The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story.(《纽约客》是美国著名的杂志，它每周出版一篇新的短篇小说)”“National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment.(《国家地理》是一本深受喜爱的美国杂志(和电视频道)，以与科学和环境有关的令人难以置信的故事和照片而闻名)”可知，这几个播客的共同点是它们都很受欢迎。故选A项。 （C） Everything we know suggests that the universe is unusual. It is flatter, smoother, larger and emptier than a “typical” universe predicted by the known laws of physics. If we reached into a hat filled with pieces of paper, each with the specifications of a possible universe written on it, it is unlikely that we would get a universe anything like ours in one pick—or even a billion. The challenge that cosmologists face is to make sense of this specialness. One approach to this question is inflation—the hypothesis (假设) that the early universe went through a stage of fast expansion. At first, inflation seemed to do the trick. A simple version of the idea gave correct predictions for the spectrum of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background. But a closer look shows that we have just moved the problem further back in time. To make inflation happen at all requires us to fine-tune the initial conditions of the universe. And unless inflation is highly tuned, it leads to a runaway process of universe creation. As a result, some cosmologists (宇宙学家) suggest that there is not one universe, but an infinite number, with a huge variety of properties: the multiverse. There are an infinite number of universes in the collection that are like our universe and an infinite number that are not. But the proportion of infinity to infinity is undefined, and can be made into anything the theorist wants. Thus the multiverse theory has difficulty making any firm predictions and threatens to take us out of the area of science. These other universes are unobservable and because chance dictates the random distribution of properties across universes, suggesting the existence of a multiverse does not let us get to anything about our universe beyond what we already know. As attractive as the idea may seem, it is basically a sleight of hand, which turns an explanatory failure into an apparent explanatory success. The success is empty because anything that might be observed about our universe could be explained as something that must, by chance, happen somewhere in the multiverse. We started out trying to explain why the universe is so special, and we end up being asked to believe that our universe is one of an infinite number of universes with random properties. This makes me suspect that there is a basic but unexamined assumption about the laws of nature that must be overturned. Cosmology has new questions to answer. Not just what are the laws, but why are these laws the laws? How were they chosen? We can’t just hypothesise what the initial conditions were at the big bang, we need to explain those initial conditions. Thus we are in the position of a computer program asked to explain its inputs. It is clear that if we are to get anywhere, we need to invent new methods, and perhaps new kinds of laws, to gain a scientific description of the universe as a whole. 43. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of our universe? A. There are several hypotheses about its early stage. B. There are more than one billion universes similar to ours. C. It is expanding at a greater speed that it did at the stage of the big bang. D. It is different from the predictions made according to the laws of physics. 44. What does the writer imply about the hypothesis of inflation? A. It hasn’t been challenged. B. It doesn’t make much sense. C. It is by far the most reasonable approach. D. It is the simple version of a complicated idea. 45. Which word in the passage is similar in meaning to the phrase “sleight of hand” (paragraph 4)? A. process B. prediction C. trick D. infinity 46. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer________. A. believes the idea of the multiverse will help us to understand our universe better B. argues there is a fixed proportion of universes like ours to those unlike ours C. holds computer programs can work better than humans in cosmology D. thinks some laws of nature that we take for granted may be false 【答案】43. D 44. B 45. C 46. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了一些我们认为理所当然的自然法则一定是真实的吗？作者认为一些自然法则未必是真实的，一些未经检验的假设必须被推翻。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“It is flatter, smoother, larger and emptier than a “typical” universe predicted by the known laws of physics.”（它比已知的物理定律所预测的“典型”宇宙更平坦、更光滑、更大、更空洞。）可知，真实的宇宙比已知的物理定律所预测的“典型”宇宙更平坦、更光滑、更大、更空洞，由此可知，我们的宇宙与根据物理学定律所作的预测不同。故选D项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“To make inflation happen at all requires us to fine-tune the initial conditions of the universe. And unless inflation is highly tuned, it leads to a runaway process of universe creation.”（要使膨胀发生，需要我们对宇宙的初始条件进行微调。除非膨胀得到高度调整，否则它会导致宇宙创造失控。）可知，作者认为，要想宇宙膨胀的假设成立，就需要我们对宇宙的初始条件进行微调，但除非膨胀得到高度调整，否则它会导致宇宙创造失控，在这种情况下，宇宙膨胀的假设并不成立，由此可知，作者认为膨胀假设是没什么意义的。故选B项。 【45题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线短语句中“which turns an explanatory failure into an apparent explanatory success”（这将解释性失败转化为明显的解释性成功）和下文“The success is empty because anything that might be observed about our universe could be explained as something that must, by chance, happen somewhere in the multiverse.”（成功是空洞的，因为我们宇宙中可能观察到的任何东西都可以解释为在多元宇宙中偶然发生的事情。）可知，宇宙学家的这种想法将解释性失败转化为明显的解释性成功，但这种成功是空洞的，由此可知，这种想法基本上是一种巧妙的把戏，因为我们宇宙中可能观察到的任何东西都可以解释为在多元宇宙中偶然发生的事情，“trick”意为“把戏”，能够表达画线短语在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“It is flatter, smoother, larger and emptier than a “typical” universe predicted by the known laws of physics.”（它比已知的物理定律所预测的“典型”宇宙更平坦、更光滑、更大、更空洞。）和倒数第二段关键句“This makes me suspect that there is a basic but unexamined assumption about the laws of nature that must be overturned.”（这让我怀疑，关于自然法则，有一个基本但未经检验的假设必须被推翻。）可知，我们的宇宙比已知的物理定律所预测的“典型”宇宙更平坦、更光滑、更大、更空洞，作者认为一些自然法则未必是真实的，基本但未经检验的假设必须被推翻，由此可知，作者认为一些我们认为理所当然的自然法则可能是错误的，需要被推翻。故选D项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. AI can predict tipping points Tipping points, also known as critical transitions, are mathematical cliff-edges influencing everything from the behaviour of financial markets and the spread of disease to the extinction of species. The financial crisis of 2007-09 is often described as one. The real trick, therefore, is to spot them before they happen. But that is fiendishly difficult. ___47___ In a study published in the journal Physical Review X, the researchers accurately predicted the onset of tipping points in complicated systems with the help of machine-learning algorithms. To simplify their calculations, the team reduced all such problems to ones taking place within a large network of interacting nodes (节点), the individual elements within a large system. In a financial system, for example, a node might represent a single company, and a node in an ecosystem could stand for a species. The team then designed two artificial neural networks to analyze such systems. The first was optimized to track the connections between different nodes. ___48___ To train their model, the team needed examples of critical transitions for which lots of data were available. These are hard to find in the real world, because they are so hard to predict. ___49___ One was the so-called Kuramoto model of synchronised oscillators (同步振荡器). Another was a model ecosystem used by scientists to simulate abrupt changes. When the researchers were happy that their algorithms could predict critical transitions in these systems, they applied them to real-world problems. Like with many AI systems, only the algorithm knows what specific features and patterns it identifies to make these predictions. ___50___ That could help improve the algorithm further, and allow better predictions of everything from infectious outbreaks to the next stockmarket crash. Just how important a moment this is, though, remains difficult to predict. A. The details of their transformation remain mysterious. B. The other was how individual nodes changed over time. C. Researchers say they have broken new ground in the mathematical field. D. Computer scientists in China now show that artificial intelligence (AI) can help. E. Gang Yan, the paper’s lead author, says his team are now trying to discover exactly what they are. F. Instead, the researchers turned to simplified theoretical systems in which tipping points are known to occur. 【答案】47. D 48. B 49. F 50. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何利用人工智能和机器学习算法来预测复杂系统中的临界点。 【47题详解】 根据上文“But that is fiendishly difficult.(预测临界点非常困难)”可知，预测临界点非常困难。根据下文“In a study published in the journal Physical Review X, the researchers accurately predicted the onset of tipping points in complicated systems with the help of machine-learning algorithms.(在《物理评论X》期刊上发表的一项研究中，研究人员借助机器学习算法准确预测了复杂系统中临界点的出现)”可知，中国计算机科学家发现人工智能（AI）可以帮助预测临界点。D选项“Computer scientists in China now show that artificial intelligence (AI) can help.( 中国的计算机科学家现在表明，人工智能（AI）可以提供帮助)”指出面对预测临界值非常困难的问题，中国计算机科学家指出可以使用AI智能提供帮助，同时选项中的artificial intelligence (AI) can help与下文表述信息一致，承上启下。故选D。 【48题详解】 根据上文“The team then designed two artificial neural networks to analyze such systems. The first was optimized to track the connections between different nodes.(该团队随后设计了两个人工神经网络来分析这些系统。第一个被优化为跟踪不同节点之间的连接)”可知，此处强调团队设计了两个人工神经网络来分析这样的系统，第一个是为了追踪不同节点之间的联系而优化的。B选项“The other was how individual nodes changed over time. (另一个是单个节点如何随时间变化)” 讲第二个神经网络的作用，同时B项中的the other与上文中的the first相对应，且B项说的是第二个神经网络是如何追踪单个节点随时间变化的，符合语境，故选B。 【49题详解】 根据上文“To train their model, the team needed examples of critical transitions for which lots of data were available. These are hard to find in the real world, because they are so hard to predict.(为了训练他们的模型，团队需要关键转变的例子，这些例子需要大量可用的数据。这些在现实世界中很难找到，因为它们很难预测)”可知，此处强调为了训练他们的模型，团队需要临界转变的例子，而这些例子在现实世界中很难找到，因为它们很难预测；同时根据下文“One was the so-called Kuramoto model of synchronised oscillators (同步振荡器). Another was a model ecosystem used by scientists to simulate abrupt changes.(一个是所谓的库拉莫托同步振荡器模型。另一个是科学家用来模拟突变的模型生态系统)”说明研究人员转向简化的理论系统。F选项“Instead, the researchers turned to simplified theoretical systems in which tipping points are known to occur.(相反，研究人员转向简化的理论系统，其中已知会发生临界点)”中的Instead表示转折，说明研究人员没有在现实世界中找例子，而是转向简化的理论系统，与下文一致，故选F。 【50题详解】 根据上文“Like with many AI systems, only the algorithm knows what specific features and patterns it identifies to make these predictions.(就像许多人工智能系统一样，只有算法知道它识别出哪些特定的特征和模式来进行这些预测)”可知，只有算法知道它是如何做出预测的，空格处承上启下，下文“That could help improve the algorithm further, and allow better predictions of everything from infectious outbreaks to the next stockmarket crash.(这可以进一步帮助改进算法，并允许更好地预测从传染病爆发到下一次股市崩盘的一切)”中的That指代E项中的what they are，且E项中的discover exactly what they are与上文中的knows what specific features and patterns it identifies相对应，故选E。 第Ⅱ卷(共50分) III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Light the Cities of the Future A previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced with a material that consists of thousands of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh Path, so called after the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that acknowledge ledges Van Gingh’ masterpiece The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van Gogh Path is not a single case; it is not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of the future. Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical city lighting anyway? Well, the problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources. According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is responsible for high levels of carbon emissions. But there’s also the belief that electrical light itself is a form of pollution by destroying our view of the night sky. From the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow is attempting to use intelligent street lighting to monitor how citizens interact with the urban landscape and minimize electrical consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City approach” is seen by many as the way of the future, but some designers aren’t convinced. They are pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in order to replace electrical light entirely. They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing mechanisms (制) that already exist in the natural world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The passage discusses the innovation in city lighting by introducing the Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminous stones for illumination. It highlights the environmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explores alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials to create a more sustainable and visually appealing urban environment. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先介绍了荷兰一条新铺设的发光自行车道——梵高之路，它使用了数千颗发光石来照明，以此引出城市照明的未来趋势。接着，文章讨论了当前城市照明存在的问题，包括能源消耗和光污染，并提出了智能街道照明和利用自然材料作为替代方案。最后，文章展望了这些新技术可能完全取代现有微芯片和数字系统的未来。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①The Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands has been resurfaced with luminous stones to create a well-lit route. ②Electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources and contributes to high levels of carbon emissions. ③Electrical light is considered a form of pollution that destroys our view of the night sky. ④Alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials are being explored to create a more sustainable urban environment. 2. 缜密构思 将第①要点作为引入，第②和第③要点整合讨论现有城市照明的问题，第④要点作为解决方案和未来展望。 3. 遣词造句 The Van Gogh Path, a luminous cycle path in the Netherlands, represents an innovative approach to city lighting. Current electrical city lighting is problematic due to its reliance on non-renewable resources and the pollution it causes. Alternatives like intelligent street lighting and the use of natural materials are being considered for a more sustainable and visually pleasing urban environment. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage discusses the innovation in city lighting by introducing the Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminous stones for illumination. 运用了which引导的定语从句对第一段进行了总结。其中prep+doing的表达非常实用。 [高分句型2] It highlights the environmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explores alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials to create a more sustainable and visually appealing urban environment. 运用了such as作状语对第二段和第三段进行了总结。其中遣词造句非常高级。 IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 老师本打算在课上将所有难点向学生讲清楚。(get across) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The teacher had intended to get all the difficult points across to the students in class. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，“打算”这个动作发生在过去（讲课）之前，使用过去完成时；表示“老师”为The teacher作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“本打算”为had intended to do，had intended后接不定式，暗含计划未实现；表示“把……讲清楚”为get...across to sb.固定搭配；表示“所有难点”为all the difficult points作get的宾语；表示“向学生”为across to the students；表示“在课上”为in class作地点状语。 53. 这些计算机之间的一个主要差异涉及其储存信息的方式。(concern) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One of the main differences between these computers concerns the way they store information. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，该句描述客观事实，全句使用一般现在时；表示“……之一”为one of，置于句首首字母大写；表示“主要差异”为the main differences作介词of的宾语；表示“在这些计算机之间”为between these computers作后置定语；表示“涉及”为concern作谓语，主语one为单数，谓语用第三人称单数；表示“方式”为the way作宾语；表示“它们储存信息的”为定语从句they store information，先行词the way在从句中作方式状语，关系词that/in which可省略；表示“储存”为store作从句谓语；表示“信息”为information作store的宾语。 54. 这些新推出的运动设备是否如广告宣传那样有所谓的保健功效，这仍有待观察。(remain) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It remains to be seen whether these newly launched sports equipment have the so-called health care effects as advertised. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句、固定短语及不定式。whether...or not表示“是否”，引导主语从句，“这些新推出的运动设备”译为these newly launched sports equipment，作从句主语且为复数，其中launched为过去分词作定语，从句谓语“有”译为have，从句宾语“所谓的保健功效”译为the so-called health care effects，“如广告宣传那样”译为as advertised，是方式状语，主语从句翻译为：whether these newly launched sports equipment have the so-called health care effects as advertised；It remain to be seen ...为固定短语，表示“……仍有待观察”，用it作形式主语，whether引导真正的主语从句，故译为It remains to be seen whether these newly launched sports equipment have the so-called health care effects as advertised. 55. 和员工的希望相反，公司的创始人屈服于压力，违心地在公开场合就该产品的问题进行道歉。(yield) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Contrary to the employees’ hopes, the founder of the company yielded to the pressure and made a public apology for the product problem against his will. 【解析】 【详解】本句描述已发生的过往事件，整体谓语用一般过去时。“和……相反”表达为Contrary to，作句首状语；“员工的希望”表达为the employees’ hopes；“公司的创始人”译为the founder of the company，“屈服于压力”需使用提示词yield，固定搭配为yield to pressure，此处用过去式yielded契合时态要求；“违心地”表达为against his will；“在公开场合就该产品的问题道歉”表达为made a public apology for the product problem。 V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的学生李楠，学校英语报正在举办主题为“The Current Trend and My Life”的征文活动，请写一篇文章投稿，介绍你身边的流行趋势，主要内容包括： 1)简述该趋势的背景情况； 2)该趋势对你生活的影响。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Current Trend and My Life The trend that is popular among teenagers around us is outdoor sports, such as hiking and cycling. As more and more people realize the importance of physical health, many students begin to take part in outdoor activities in their spare time. I believe that this trend brings great changes to my daily life. I often go hiking with my classmates on weekends, which helps me keep fit and reduce my heavy study pressure. I used to spend most of my free time playing mobile games at home. Now I can enjoy fresh air and make more friends who share the same interest in nature. This healthy trend teaches us that the balance between study and rest is really important. I hope more classmates can join us. I will keep this good habit and continue to enjoy the wonderful fun that outdoor sports bring to me. 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生以明启中学李楠的身份投稿，介绍身边流行趋势及其对个人生活的影响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 流行的：popular → widespread 重要性：importance → significance 空闲时间：spare time→ leisure time 改变：change → transform 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I used to spend most of my free time playing mobile games at home. 拓展句：I used to spend most of my free time playing mobile games at home, which made me sluggish. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The trend that is popular among teenagers around us is outdoor sports, such as hiking and cycling. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I often go hiking with my classmates on weekends, which helps me keep fit and reduce my heavy study pressure. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市行知中学2026-2027学年第一学期第一次月考 高三年级英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷(共65分) I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A DIRECTIONS: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fit s each blank. The Mystery of the Haunted House In a small, secluded town, there stood an old, abandoned house. Legends said it was haunted, but Detective Alex didn’t believe in such superstitions. One day, he received a call from a local historian who claimed ____1____ (see) strange lights and sounds coming from the house at night. Detective Alex decided to investigate. Approaching the house, he felt a chill in the air. The door was slightly ajar, creaking eerily in the wind. He noticed some faint footprints of different sizes in the dust around the entrance, indicating that there might be more than one person ____2____ (involve). Inside, the house was filled with dust and cobwebs. He first explored the living room, on ____3____ floor he found some broken glass shards. Using a special light, he detected some smudged fingerprints on the remaining pieces of glass. He cautiously collected these pieces as potential evidence. Then in the attic, he found a series of strange markings, which seemed to form a pattern, but he ____4____ make no sense of it at first. As he ____5____ (examine) the markings, he heard a faint moan coming from downstairs. He quickly made his way down and saw ____6____ appeared to be a shadowy figure disappearing around the corner. He chased after it, but when he reached the spot, there was no one there. However, he noticed a small piece of fabric caught on a nail. It was a modern fabric. not ____7____ that would belong in an old, abandoned house. Back at the police station, he analyzed the fabric and found that it was from a common brand of clothing. The fingerprints from the glass were run through the database, but no matches were found immediately. He studied the markings from the attic and was at a loss. ____8____ he realized they were coordinates. Following the coordinates, he arrived at an abandoned warehouse on the outskirts of town where he found a group of thieves who were using the haunted house as a decoy to hide their stolen goods. They had created the spooky sounds and lights to keep people away. With the case solved, the town was relieved, and Detective Alex’s reputation as a brilliant detective was ____9____ (far) enhanced. He proved that there were no ghosts, just clever criminals _____10_____ (try) to cover their tracks. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. appealing B. bargains C. credited D. identical E. intentionally F. items G. limited H. missteps I. pioneered J. gratefully K. scored Dupes are wearing out Lululemon Athletica Dupes are the products that cost less than the premium (高端的) versions but are of similar style and quality. Less expensive versions of premium products have become a(n) ____11____ alternative, particularly for younger shoppers. That is becoming a problem for Lululemon Athletica, the company that ____12____ high- end sportswear and made $100 leggings the norm. “The brand logo doesn’t hold as much appeal as it used to,” said Mikayla Kitsopoulos, a 22- year- old college student. “Finding ____13____ is the new status symbol.” When Kitsopoulos was in high school, she wore Lululemon leggings, which cost about $100. Now, she buys her leggings on Amazon for about $30. She said the quality and fit is almost ____14____, so why pay more? The heightened competition comes as Lululemon has made a series of ____15____ that have turned off even some of its most devoted fans. Not long ago, it removed a new type of leggings from its stores and website after customers complained about the fit. Other mistakes have included a color palette that was too ____16____ and not having enough of some products such as smaller size leggings. The misfires have pushed people such as Natalie Assink to ____17____ seek out different brands. The20- year- old college student said she switched from Lululemon to Gymshark and AYBL not just because their leggings cost less, but also because they have more color varieties. Buying cheaper versions of premium products isn’t new. Boasting about it is. Ellyn Briggs, Moring Consult’s brands analyst, ____18____ the growing popularity of dupes to inflation but also to the rise of social media. The No. I reason people said they bought dupes was to save money, according to Morning Consult’s survey. They also wanted to test out whether the cheaper versions were as good as the premium ____19____ and then post about them on TikTok or other platforms. “It’s more than just a transaction,” Briggs said. “They want to share the fact that they have ____20____ a success.” II Reading Comprehension 45% Section A 15% Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Should you go for a ride-hailing upgrade, or pay extra for legroom on a long flight? For many, such minor choices cause more anxiety than they deserve. A new financial guideline promises ____21____. It is called the “0. 01% rule.” If the price of a purchase amounts to 0.01% or less of your net worth, you should stop being distressed and buy it. Someone with assets (资产)worth $500, 000, for instance, can spend $50 without ____22____. The principle was coined by Nick Maggiulli, a writer and investment manager, and outlined in his recent book The Wealth Ladder. Since then, it has migrated into personal-finance podcasts and online forums, where it has attracted admirers and ____23____ alike. Personal finance is no stranger to numeric rules. The 50/30/20 rule advises households to devote half their budget to needs, 30% to wants, and the rest to savings. The 4% rule offers retirees a supposedly safe annual drawdown (动用资金)from their nest egg. Mr. Maggiulli's contribution is different. It is not a ____24____ plan but a yardstick for moments of hesitation — a quick test to distinguish trivial sums from ____25____ ones. The idea was sparked by a(n) ____26____ source. A line from Jay-Z asked: “What's 50 grand to a fellow like me?” Mr. Maggiulli calculated that at the time it represented roughly 0. 01% of the rapper's fortune. The figure, he realized, ____27____ even for non-billionaires. It mirrors the assumption that assets will compound at just under 4% a year, or 0.01% a day. ____28____ that share of wealth does not eat away at capital. Like any rule of thumb, the rule has limits. Apply it too liberally and “____29____ yourself” purchases can accumulate into something rather less trivial. Mr. Maggiulli advises restraint: once or twice a week, not daily. Used sensibly, it can justify ____30____ luxuries without opening the door to extravagance (铺张浪费). Financial planners see the main value of the rule not for the impecunious — who know all too well what they cannot ____31____ — but for the well-off. Neela Hummel, head of Abacus Wealth Partners, notes that clients with eight-figure investments often waste hours chasing a $200 refund. Wealth rarely erases ____32____; habits formed decades earlier stay. The ____33____ are obvious. Optimistic valuations of one’s home can push up the benchmark. Successive applications can justify ever-pricier upgrades. And focusing on minor expenses may ____34____ you from larger questions about saving, investing and retirement. The rule is no replacement for sound financial planning. Even so, its popularity reveals something important. In a world full of money advice, many people do not need another formula for building wealth. What they desire is a way to ____35____ spending it. In this respect, Mr. Maggiulli’s rule offers something rare: a rational excuse for your choice. 21. A. autonomy B. reward C. intervention D. relief 22. A. budgeting B. consideration C. guilt D. restrictions 23. A. advocates B. doubters C. onlookers D. followers 24. A. far-reaching B. state-of-art C. low-profile D. long-term 25. A. agreed B. fixed C. serious D. subsequent 26. A. independent B. informed C. literary D. unlikely 27. A. rises B. works C. drops D. backfires 28. A. Possessing B. Spending C. Saving D. Generating 29. A. liberate B. treat C. apply D. choke 30. A. modest B. ultimate C. unnecessary D. pure 31. A. afford B. sacrifice C. earn D. boost 32. A. bonus B. economy C. incompetence D. odds 33. A. contradictions B. hazards C. upsides D. distinctions 34. A. distract B. spare C. withdraw D. defend 35. A. steer away from B. plan ahead for C. take delight in D. make peace with Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Visitors to HENN-NA, a restaurant outside Nagasaki, Japan, are greeted by an odd sight: their food being prepared by a row of humanoid robots that look like the Terminator. H. I. S., the company that runs the restaurant, as well as a nearby hotel where robots check guests into their rooms and help with their luggage, turned to automation partly out of necessity. Japan’s population is shrinking, and its economy is booming; the unemployment rate is only 2.8 percent. “Using robots makes a lot of sense in a country like Japan,” said CEO Hideo Sawada. Sawada predicts that 70 percent of the jobs at Japan’s hotels will be automated in the next five years. “It takes about a year to two to get your money back,” he said. “But since you can work them 24 hours a day, and they don’t need vacation, eventually it’s more cost-efficient to use the robot.” This may seem like a vision of the future best suited—perhaps only suited—to Japan. But according to Michael Chui, a partner at the McKinsey Global Institute, many tasks in the food-service and accommodation industry are exactly the kind that are easily automated. Chui’s latest research estimates that 54 percent of the tasks workers perform in American restaurants and hotels could be automated using currently available technologies. The robots, in fact, are already here. Chowbotics, a company in Redwood City, California, manufactures Sally, a boxy robot that prepares salads ordered on a touch screen. Botlr, a robot butler, now brings guests extra towels and toiletries in dozens of hotels around the country. This seems to be worrying. America’s economy isn’t developing nearly as smoothly as Japan’s, and one of the few bright spots in recent years has been employment in restaurants and hotels, which have added more jobs than almost any other industry. That growth, in fact, has helped dull the blow that automation has delivered to other industries. The food-service and accommodation industry now employs 13.7 million American. Since 2013, it has accounted for more jobs than manufacturing. These new positions once seemed safe from robots because they required a human touch in a way that manufacturing or mining jobs did not. When ordering a coffee or checking into a hotel, human beings want to interact with other human beings — or so we thought. The companies bringing robots into the service industry are betting that we’ll be happy to trade our relationship with human waiters or clerks for greater efficiency. They’re also confident that adding robots won’t necessarily mean cutting human jobs. 36. According to the writer, why was it partly out of necessity that H. I. S. turned to automation? A. It’s hard to find employees in Japan. B. The Japanese are used to using robots. C. Robotic technology is advanced in Japan. D. Japan’s economy develops less fast than expected. 37. According to Michael Chui, which of the following statements is true? A. It is no easy job to automate tasks in the hotel industry. B. Restaurant workers can be easily replaced by robots. C. Technologies need upgrading to pave the way for robotic waiters. D. Robots now perform 54% of the tasks in American restaurants and hotels. 38. Why does the automation in American restaurants and hotels seem worrying? A. The manufacturing industry is waiting to be automated. B. America’s economy is developing at an unexpected rate. C. Automation has already had a negative effect on the service industry. D. These two industries contribute much to America’s employment rate. 39. It can be inferred that companies bringing robots into the service industry think that ________. A. the human touch may not matter that much B. profit is more important than customer satisfaction C. manufacturing or mining jobs require human interaction D. robots will rob humans of their jobs at the cost of efficiency (B) If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast (播客) series to explore. If you aren’t sure where to start, have a look at these: The Joc Rogan Experience ★★★★★ The Joc Rogan Experience is a great learning device because of its interesting English conversations between Rogan and his guests. At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports. Rogan is also a famous stand-up comedian, so the show is full of cultural references and idioms. This American Life ★★★★★ This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA. It is a mixture of journalism and storytelling, focusing on real-life tales from citizens of all regions of the country. The stories are new and varied. One episode was taped for 24 hours in an all-night restaurant; another interviewed workers on strike. The Writer's Voice ★★★★☆ The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story. In this podcast, the week's story is read aloud by its writer. The published work covers a wide range of life experiences across the United States and beyond. It's a great way to enjoy some of the best new fiction in the country. Overheard at National Geographic ★★★★★ National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment. Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks. Expect crazy stories from explorers, photographers, and scientists from around the world. 40. In order to fully enjoy these podcasts, you should________. A. have interaction with hosts B. have good English competence C. be interested in being a podcaster D. be familiar with American social life 41. Which podcast gives you more stories behind the scene? A. The Writer's Voice. B. This American Life. C. The Joe Rogan Experience. D. Overheard at National Geographic. 42. What do these podcasts have in common? A. They enjoy great popularity. B. Their stories are set in America. C. They are attached to magazines. D. Their works are updated weekly. （C） Everything we know suggests that the universe is unusual. It is flatter, smoother, larger and emptier than a “typical” universe predicted by the known laws of physics. If we reached into a hat filled with pieces of paper, each with the specifications of a possible universe written on it, it is unlikely that we would get a universe anything like ours in one pick—or even a billion. The challenge that cosmologists face is to make sense of this specialness. One approach to this question is inflation—the hypothesis (假设) that the early universe went through a stage of fast expansion. At first, inflation seemed to do the trick. A simple version of the idea gave correct predictions for the spectrum of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background. But a closer look shows that we have just moved the problem further back in time. To make inflation happen at all requires us to fine-tune the initial conditions of the universe. And unless inflation is highly tuned, it leads to a runaway process of universe creation. As a result, some cosmologists (宇宙学家) suggest that there is not one universe, but an infinite number, with a huge variety of properties: the multiverse. There are an infinite number of universes in the collection that are like our universe and an infinite number that are not. But the proportion of infinity to infinity is undefined, and can be made into anything the theorist wants. Thus the multiverse theory has difficulty making any firm predictions and threatens to take us out of the area of science. These other universes are unobservable and because chance dictates the random distribution of properties across universes, suggesting the existence of a multiverse does not let us get to anything about our universe beyond what we already know. As attractive as the idea may seem, it is basically a sleight of hand, which turns an explanatory failure into an apparent explanatory success. The success is empty because anything that might be observed about our universe could be explained as something that must, by chance, happen somewhere in the multiverse. We started out trying to explain why the universe is so special, and we end up being asked to believe that our universe is one of an infinite number of universes with random properties. This makes me suspect that there is a basic but unexamined assumption about the laws of nature that must be overturned. Cosmology has new questions to answer. Not just what are the laws, but why are these laws the laws? How were they chosen? We can’t just hypothesise what the initial conditions were at the big bang, we need to explain those initial conditions. Thus we are in the position of a computer program asked to explain its inputs. It is clear that if we are to get anywhere, we need to invent new methods, and perhaps new kinds of laws, to gain a scientific description of the universe as a whole. 43. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of our universe? A. There are several hypotheses about its early stage. B. There are more than one billion universes similar to ours. C. It is expanding at a greater speed that it did at the stage of the big bang. D. It is different from the predictions made according to the laws of physics. 44. What does the writer imply about the hypothesis of inflation? A. It hasn’t been challenged. B. It doesn’t make much sense. C. It is by far the most reasonable approach. D. It is the simple version of a complicated idea. 45. Which word in the passage is similar in meaning to the phrase “sleight of hand” (paragraph 4)? A. process B. prediction C. trick D. infinity 46. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer________. A. believes the idea of the multiverse will help us to understand our universe better B. argues there is a fixed proportion of universes like ours to those unlike ours C. holds computer programs can work better than humans in cosmology D. thinks some laws of nature that we take for granted may be false Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. AI can predict tipping points Tipping points, also known as critical transitions, are mathematical cliff-edges influencing everything from the behaviour of financial markets and the spread of disease to the extinction of species. The financial crisis of 2007-09 is often described as one. The real trick, therefore, is to spot them before they happen. But that is fiendishly difficult. ___47___ In a study published in the journal Physical Review X, the researchers accurately predicted the onset of tipping points in complicated systems with the help of machine-learning algorithms. To simplify their calculations, the team reduced all such problems to ones taking place within a large network of interacting nodes (节点), the individual elements within a large system. In a financial system, for example, a node might represent a single company, and a node in an ecosystem could stand for a species. The team then designed two artificial neural networks to analyze such systems. The first was optimized to track the connections between different nodes. ___48___ To train their model, the team needed examples of critical transitions for which lots of data were available. These are hard to find in the real world, because they are so hard to predict. ___49___ One was the so-called Kuramoto model of synchronised oscillators (同步振荡器). Another was a model ecosystem used by scientists to simulate abrupt changes. When the researchers were happy that their algorithms could predict critical transitions in these systems, they applied them to real-world problems. Like with many AI systems, only the algorithm knows what specific features and patterns it identifies to make these predictions. ___50___ That could help improve the algorithm further, and allow better predictions of everything from infectious outbreaks to the next stockmarket crash. Just how important a moment this is, though, remains difficult to predict. A. The details of their transformation remain mysterious. B. The other was how individual nodes changed over time. C. Researchers say they have broken new ground in the mathematical field. D. Computer scientists in China now show that artificial intelligence (AI) can help. E. Gang Yan, the paper’s lead author, says his team are now trying to discover exactly what they are. F. Instead, the researchers turned to simplified theoretical systems in which tipping points are known to occur. 第Ⅱ卷(共50分) III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Light the Cities of the Future A previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced with a material that consists of thousands of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh Path, so called after the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that acknowledge ledges Van Gingh’ masterpiece The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van Gogh Path is not a single case; it is not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of the future. Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical city lighting anyway? Well, the problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources. According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is responsible for high levels of carbon emissions. But there’s also the belief that electrical light itself is a form of pollution by destroying our view of the night sky. From the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow is attempting to use intelligent street lighting to monitor how citizens interact with the urban landscape and minimize electrical consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City approach” is seen by many as the way of the future, but some designers aren’t convinced. They are pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in order to replace electrical light entirely. They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing mechanisms (制) that already exist in the natural world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 老师本打算在课上将所有难点向学生讲清楚。(get across) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 53. 这些计算机之间的一个主要差异涉及其储存信息的方式。(concern) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 54. 这些新推出的运动设备是否如广告宣传那样有所谓的保健功效，这仍有待观察。(remain) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 和员工的希望相反，公司的创始人屈服于压力，违心地在公开场合就该产品的问题进行道歉。(yield) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的学生李楠，学校英语报正在举办主题为“The Current Trend and My Life”的征文活动，请写一篇文章投稿，介绍你身边的流行趋势，主要内容包括： 1)简述该趋势的背景情况； 2)该趋势对你生活的影响。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $