上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高三年级英语学科10月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科10月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. to 2. that 3. how 4. were divided 5. containing 6. made 7. more brightly 8. wonder 9. may 10. Since/As/Because Section B 11. A 12. H 13. B 14. E 15. C 16. D 17. K 18. J 19. I 20. F II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A Section B 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. B 46. A Section C 47. E 48. B 49. D 50. A III. Summary Writing 51. CRUK’s campaign uses cigarette-style posters linking obesity to cancer, but may have negative consequences. Smoking and obesity are incomparable, so they should be handled differently in that weight loss is complex and varies from person to person. The campaign associates obesity with irresponsibility and encourages weight discrimination. CRUK should, instead, focus on educating about societal factors and promoting positive action. IV. Translation 52. Their outstanding performance in the project made them worthy of praise. 53. By entering your email address, you can subscribe to our newsletter. 54. These days, the weather has been unpredictable, with extreme heat combined with heavy rainfall, often catching citizens off guard when they go out. 55. If you need to stay in strong sunlight for a long time, take sun protection measures such as wearing a sun hat, sunglasses, and so on. V. Guided Writing 56. Recent years have seen great advances in technology, which has in turn brought about changes in our life. And in my opinion, technology has indeed made our lives happier in numerous ways. Firstly, technological advancements have greatly improved communication. We can now connect with friends and family around the world through video calls and instant messaging, fostering a sense of togetherness despite physical distance. Secondly, technology has enhanced our convenience and efficiency. Tasks that used to take hours can now be completed within minutes or even seconds. From online shopping and banking to smart home devices, technology has simplified our daily routines and allowed us to spare more time for leisure and personal growth. Moreover, technology has revolutionized the field of healthcare, leading to better medical treatments and improved quality of life. Advanced medical devices, tele-medicine, and AI-driven diagnostics have significantly enhanced patient care and outcomes, increasing the overall well-being of individuals. Technology has undoubtedly brought happiness and convenience to our lives, but we need to remember that we must embrace technology responsibly. And only in this way can we harness its full potential to enhance our lives and create a happier and healthier future. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科10月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Ours brains are tuned to hear music Human brains are uniquely suited to hearing music, a new study suggests. Compared to macaque monkeys, humans respond much more strongly to sounds with a musical pitch (音高), and prefer those 1          sounds without a pitch. The team, based at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Maryland, US, studied the differences in how humans and macaques hear the world. "We found that a certain region of our brains has a stronger preference for sounds with pitch than macaque monkey brains," said senior author Dr Bevil Conway. The area of the brain 2          processes sounds is called the auditory cortex. By studying the activity of the auditory cortex in a brain scan, the team could measure 3          strongly the brain responded to certain sounds. The sounds 4          (divide) into two types: noise without pitch, and pitch without noise. Specifically, 'noise' is a sound 5          (contain) lots of different frequencies within a particular range, like the sound of an untuned radio. Regular human speech and macaque calls have both a pitch and a noise component. To compare how humans and macaques responded to each type of sound, the team first played the participants a series of pure tones followed by a series of noises 6          (make) up of similar frequencies. In humans, the auditory cortex lit up much 7          (brightly) when the tones were played, compared to the noises. However, macaques showed barely any difference in how they responded to these two sounds. "These results suggest the macaque monkey may experience music and other sounds differently," said Conway. "In contrast, the macaque's experience of the visual world is probably very similar to our own. It makes one 8          (wonder) what kind of sounds our evolutionary ancestors experienced. The results raise the possibility that these sounds, which are embedded in speech and music, 9          have shaped the basic organisation of the human brain. 10          we rely so heavily on speech to communicate, and music is culturally important, our brains evolved to accommodate these." Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. abandoned B. approached C. association D. exceptionally E. overthrew F. principles G. qualified H. responsible I. sensible J. single-handedly K. unpleasant Waists of Time Resolutions and Jan. 1 have an attraction for one another. The resolution most often cited, "to go on a diet," also happens to be one most quickly 11         . According to a 2013 British study, two out of five dieters don't make it beyond the first week. The problem isn't that people are lazy or spoiled. It's that the purpose of a diet has become isolated from its original intentions. The ancient Greeks were largely 12          for the concept. "Diatia" means "way of life". How a person 13          the business of eating was as important as what entered his stomach. Balance, self-control and proper order were thought to be three key aspects to living the good life. Some early Christians 14          the classical concept of the good diet. Their eagerness for purity and fasting turned the body into another battleground in the war between good and evil. By the 18th century the 15          of goodness with thinness had become a fact of life. As Jane Austen (1775–1817) admitted in the novel Persuasion, it was difficult to take a fat person seriously. Perhaps that is why Lord Byron (1788–1824), who took himself 16          seriously, became so crazy about being skinny. His gift to culture—apart from his writing—was an extremely 17          diet of flattened potatoes stored in vinegar (醋). He 18          made the pale and skinny look so popular among devotees of romanticism. 19          writers like William Banting (1797–1878) who recognized the dangers of rich and sugary food. But it was the charlatans (庸医) and their snake-oil medicine that grew rapidly in the 20th century. Yet it's never too late to return to the first 20          behind diatia. As Hesiod, the 8th-century B.C. poet, said: "Moderation is best in all things." II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. AI-driven algorithms (算法) are increasingly impacting our everyday lives. They 21          making decisions in different areas that range from advertising products to diagnosing medical conditions. It's already clear that the impact of such systems cannot be understood 22          by examining the underlying code or even the data used to build them. We must look to 23          for answers as well. Two recent studies do exactly that. The first is an Ipsos Mori survey of more than 19,000 people across 28 countries on public attitudes to AI, the second a University of Tokyo study investigating Japanese people's views on AI usage. By inviting those with 24          experiences to participate, both capture the mood among those researching the impact of artificial intelligence. The Ipsos Mori survey found that 60 per cent of adults 25          that products and services using AI will deeply change their daily lives in the next three to five years. Latin Americans in particular think AI will lead to changes in 26          needs such as education and employment, while Chinese respondents were most likely to believe it would change transportation and their homes. The geographic and demographic (人口的) differences in both surveys are revealing. 27          about half said AI technology has more benefits than drawbacks, while two-thirds felt worried about its impact on their individual freedom and legal rights. But figures for countries show a significant 28          within this. Citizens from non-western countries were much more likely to "have a 29          outlook on the impact of AI-powered products and services in their lives". Large majorities in China (76 per cent) and India (68 per cent) said they trusted AI companies. 30          only 35 per cent in the UK, France and US expressed similar trust. The surveys underline the importance of AI designers 31          that we don't all have the same understanding of the world. But they're less insightful about why difference exists. "This is really necessary to understand because of the 32          that often exists between the demographics developing AI and those impacted by it," says Reema Patel, Ipsos Mori's incoming head of deliberative engagement. She is pointing to the fact that recent innovation in tech has been very much 33         , with AI systems designed largely by male computer scientists in Silicon Valley and China. To identify harms and improve 34         , Patel argues, developers and policymakers need to think more about how to involve people in the design and life cycle of algorithms. Tabitha Goldstaub, the chair of the UK government's AI council, says the studies are a "call to arms" for companies and governments building AI systems. "AI designers need to understand what people want, on a 35          human level, not just what they think they need," she says. 21. A. assist in B. depend on C. look at D. wait for 22. A. recently B. seriously C. simply D. possibly 23. A. people B. systems C. data D. designers 24. A. shared B. work C. education D. lived 25. A. doubt B. expect C. remember D. prove 26. A. learning B. public C. security D. social 27. A. Unfortunately B. Globally C. Similarly D. Ultimately 28. A. framework B. decision C. difference D. influence 29. A. renewed B. scientific C. stable D. positive 30. A. In summary B. In turn C. In contrast D. In particular 31. A. objecting B. recognizing C. implying D. hoping 32. A. link B. balance C. period D. gap 33. A. short-term B. well-known C. top-down D. large-scale 34. A. reputations B. benefits C. accesses D. conditions 35. A. fundamental B. professional C. conceptual D. financial Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I'd say that he had about 40 years on his classmates in my undergraduate communications class at California State University, Los Angeles. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students' perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile-and he left with one too. "These students gave me the confidence that didn't need to feel bad about my age," Valencia says. One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money from construction jobs and have his student-loan papers in order. But he said he was still coming to campus to attend events or see friends. He asked whether he could still sit in on my communications class. Sure, I said. But he wouldn't get any credit. No problem, he said. Soon there he was again--a 63-year-old Cal State LA junior with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. For an assignment on changing neighborhoods, Valencia wrote about a favorite local chain restaurant that was "unceremoniously closed". He called it a theft of childhood. "It is almost as if someone has stolen that childhood and replaced it with a slippery hill where everything they cherish will slide away," he wrote. A lot of Valencia's classmates apparently knew he couldn't afford that semester's tuition but was still doing the homework. "Here he is, willingly taking a class for the joy of it and benefit of learning," says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. "You don't see that in our generation." Valencia showed up and took the final exam too. Afterward, students were chatting, and I overheard Valencia say he wanted to stay in school until he earned a master's degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. Twelve years? He was in and out of school, he said, subject to his work schedule and whether he had money for classes. He had earned his associate of arts degree over the summer, then transferred to Cal State LA to start on his bachelor's. I needed to hear more. 36. What can be learned about Jerry Valencia from the first paragraph? A. He thought too highly of himself. B. He was inactive in class discussions. C. He took great delight in taking classes. D. He felt embarrassed about his age in class. 37. Why did Valencia have to quit school this semester? A. He was too old to apply. B. He didn't have enough time. C. He couldn't afford the tuition. D. He failed to catch up with his lessons. 38. What does Jessica Espinosa say about Valencia? A. He is eager for a higher degree. B. He is passionate about learning. C. He is worried about his exam results. D. He is as enthusiastic as her generation. 39. What is the writer most likely to write about in the paragraph following the passage? A. Valencia's past success. B. Valencia's summer plan. C. Valencia's financial status. D. Valencia's academic pursuit. （B） Yvonne Morones, who has a pet dog named Scamp the Wonder, is talking with the Pet Journal about Scamp. 40          When I saw Scamp on Petfinder, all of a sudden I understood what love was like. I suddenly found I loved him because I fell in love with his face. What did you know about him when you adopted him? He'd been living on the street in Compton, California, and people were feeding him McDonald's. And his name was Muffin Man, which didn't seem to fit him at all. What do you do to give him that bed head look? It's au naturel! He does get a mango shampoo and a coconut conditioner, but these gray dreads just appear on his head, back, and tail. The pet hairdresser says his hair is uncontrollable. Scamp works with you as a social therapy dog too. How do people react to his unusual looks? The first time he went to the senior center with me, the seniors just laughed and said, "Yvonne, what have you got there?" Then they fell in love with him. They'll even write little adventure stories about Scamp. He just inspires people. Has being awarded the world's ugliest dog changed him? He's no longer Scamp the Wonder. He's now Scamp the Champ. Now I have to get him a new dog tag. 40. Which of the following best fits the blank numbered 40          in the passage? A. Why did you go to Petfinder so often? B. What did you often find on Petfinder? C. Who brought you Scamp the Wonder? D. How did you first meet Scamp the Wonder? 41. By "It's au naturel!", Yvonne means that A. Scamp turned gray after being adopted by her B. Scamp is fond of being washed with shampoo C. nothing has been done to change Scamp's appearance D. it is the pet hairdresser who has given Scamp his new look 42. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Scamp used to live a hard life on the street. B. Scamp is popular with children as well as seniors. C. Yvonne changed Scamp's name after the award. D. Yvonne writes adventure stories about Scamp. （C） Researchers and policy makers have long studied pilot schemes (方案) such as public health initiatives or innovative schools. They find the phenomenon of the pilot delivering satisfying results, only to fade at a larger scale. This depressing tendency was called "voltage drop" by the psychiatrist Amy Kilbourne and her coworkers in 2007. The economist John List has been exploring the cause of this voltage drop, first in a 2019 paper with Omar Al-Ubaydli and Dana Suskind, then in a recent book, The Voltage Effect. So why does the voltage drop for so many promising ideas? One common problem is that the original effect was not real. Consider a famous experiment, conducted over 20 years ago by psychologists Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper, in which customers in a high-end supermarket were offered free samples of jam from a choice of either six or 24 flavours. The wider choice was dramatically de-motivating. Ten times as many people bought jam after being shown the smaller range. It is one of the most famous results in psychology, it has also proved rather difficult to repeat in follow-up experiments. Perhaps the effect is completely nonexistent, or perhaps the effect exists but with nothing like the force exhibited in the original experiment. Does anyone seriously believe your local supermarket would sell 10 times as much produce if only it simplified its product line? Another source of voltage drop is when the original effect does not generalize beyond unusual circumstances. My favourite example is the Arch Deluxe, a hamburger launched by McDonald's in 1996 with a marketing fanfare. The fast-food giant had every reason to expect success, because focus groups loved the Arch Deluxe's bakery-style rolls, peppered bacon and stoneground mustard-mayo dressing. The problems, says List, is that the focus group enthusiasts were not a good guide to the attitude of the typical consumer: "A person who signs up to take part in a McDonald's focus group is probably someone who is crazy about McDonald's or loves all kinds of burgers, or both. But the average person, it turns out, goes to McDonald's for the Big Mac, not a fancier version of one." Even if the idea is real, and generalises to a wide audience, it may be difficult to repeat the performance once it ventures beyond the control of the original creative team. A pilot school may work well, but it is easier to hire 20 good teachers than 20,000. A brilliant chef can work in only one kitchen at a time. 43. Which of the following statements best describes "voltage drop"? A. A scheme has been piloted before being really carried out. B. A scheme serves its intended purpose well on a large scale. C. A scheme works well when tested but fails when launched. D. A scheme like a health initiative is designed for a group of people. 44. What does the writer imply about the experiment conducted by Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper? A. It lasted too long a time. B. Its conclusion may not be reliable. C. Its follow-up experiments showed opposite results. D. It discouraged people from going to the supermarket. 45. The example of the Arch Deluxe is used in the passage in order to explain A. why the creativity of an idea matters a lot B. why an idea may not generalise to a larger group C. why McDonald's is not popular with average people D. why the attitude of the typical consumer varies 46. The passage talks mainly about A. why some great ideas fail B. how to avoid voltage drop C. how to make a workable plan D. why experimentation is important Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Making only mindful purchases, and looking for ways to recycle my clothes makes me a better consumer. B. Its modern simplicity really appeals to me. C. Some fibres simply do not recycle and do not decompose in landfill at the end of their usefulness. D. It switches the make-wear-and-dispose cycle of fashion into a circular one. E. One of my favourites is this burnt orange lightweight, unlined wool coat. F. I only wish I'd learned this lesson about shopping a lot sooner than I did! Full Circle Fashion Autumn's cooler temperatures and beautiful colours never cease to excite me. I love reaching deep into my wardrobe (衣橱) and rediscovering the soft wool items that have served me well for many years. 47          Every October, I decide it's time for it to make its yearly appearance. The loose style allows for lots of layering, so I'm able to wear it now and throughout the colder winter weather. It was a carefully considered purchase, and one I've not regretted for a moment. I always find the more time and thought I put into my wardrobe investments, the better they pay off. An item currently under consideration is this one that caught my eye last winter—a recycled cashmere poncho (羊绒斗篷). I've tried on this long poncho a few times, and a year later, I still love it. 48          Also the cashmere itself is superb quality. The flexibility of a long poncho makes it even more irresistible. It would be ideal for a chilly office or aeroplane. It lays perfectly under a loose long coat like my orange one. I love how it modernises a jumper, or blouse. It feels like a wise investment for my wardrobe; supporting a business that facilitates sustainable fashion feels like a wise direction of my money. "Circular fashion", where no longer used items are re-crafted into new clothes (like this poncho) is a new way of consuming that will be with us forever. 49          Every aspect of the process ensures tons of clothing do not end up in landfill each year. In general, circular fashion opts for wool, cotton, cashmere, and silk—all of which can be re-used or mixed with new natural fibres. These materials are more expensive, but if they are used in several circular cycles of clothing in the future, they pollute and waste less of our natural resources. 50          And innovative circular fashion brands will soon be giving us many more incredible options. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Obesity: Should We Compare It to Smoking? Controversy brings wide reach and media attention. Cancer Research UK (CRUK) has attracted plenty, with its new ads featuring images of old-fashioned cigarette packets with the simple message 'obesity is a cause of cancer too'. However, this new campaign may be doing more harm than good. Smoking and obesity are fundamentally different: smoking is a behaviour (something people do) while obesity is a physical outcome (a measurement of body mass). At an individual level, the most effective way to reduce smoking-related cancers is to stop smoking. This very approach doesn't suit obesity. People can't just stop eating. Besides, body weight and size are influenced by many different factors both at a personal level (genetics, psychology) and a societal level (built environment, government policies). For instance, some people are born to have a higher body mass and be more resistant to weight loss than others. This means societal factors affect some people more than others and weight management isn't the same for everybody. Regardless, the sight of these cigarette-style posters encourages people to associate smoking with obesity, in particular, that obesity is the result of irresponsibility. The simple fact is that neither smoking nor obesity are merely outcomes of people making bad choices. In this way, this campaign encourages weight discrimination. Smoking is considered to be unfairly damaging the health of others, through passive smoking--the same cannot be said for obesity. However, as the media debate has shown, this comparison creates an unfriendly environment for people of higher weights. So how could the CRUK campaign be improved? The CRUK campaign should educate the public about how inequality, unemployment and lack of food industry regulation increase the risk of cancer, and encourage people to support social change. Rather than increasing unfriendliness towards people of higher weights, CRUK should bring people together in a call for positive action. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 他们在这个项目中表现出色，值得赞扬。(worthy) 53. 输入电子邮件地址，你就可以订阅我们的时事通讯。(subscribe) 54. 这几天，天气变幻莫测，高温叠加暴雨，常常让外出的市民措手不及。(combine) 55. 如果需要在强阳光下长时间逗留，要做好防晒措施，如戴遮阳帽、墨镜等。(If) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校即将召开一年一度的科技节，今年科技节的主题是 "科技与生活"，校英语报就此主题向全校师生征集稿件。写一篇文章投稿，内容须包括： 1) 你认为科技是否让我们的生活更幸福； 2) 你的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $