上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高三年级英语学科11月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科11月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. If 2. is made 3. at 4. that/which 5. to ensure 6. both 7. exploring 8. written 9. would focus 10. how Section B 11. K 12. D 13. E 14. A 15. B 16. J 17. H 18. I 19. F 20. G II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. C 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B Section B 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. D 41. B 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. C Section C 47. F 48. B 49. A 50. D III. Summary Writing 51. An APA study shows that boredom is common and can lead to depression and anxiety. Instead of a personal weakness, boredom is a result of hedonic adaptation, where we gradually get used to things. While it helps us adapt to changes, neglecting positive experiences can be harmful. Meanwhile, boredom allows us to recognize new and potentially rewarding or threatening situations. IV. Translation 52. After the interview began, his words took us back to the 1960s. 53. On summer nights, this blinding light is enough to make anyone complain. 54. Small bridges and flowing water are the common features shared by ancient water towns, but upon closer observation, each one is unique with distinct characteristics. 55. On this street, apart from a few cafes open for business, most houses have their doors and windows tightly shut, with thick layers of dust collected on the windows. V. Guided Writing 56. I am honored to nominate Ms. Zhang, our devoted physics teacher, for the “Person of the Year” award in our school’s English newspaper. Her dedication and contributions to our school community throughout the past year make her a truly deserving candidate. Ms. Zhang has been an integral part of our school for more than a decade, but in the last year, her impact has been particularly noteworthy. Through her innovative teaching methods and compassionate approach, she has ignited a passion for physics among students, making a previously intimidating subject enjoyable and comprehensible. Over the past year, Ms. Zhang initiated several initiatives that enriched our school experience. One of her most remarkable contributions was the establishment of the “Physics Wizards Club”, a platform where students could explore their interest in physics beyond the classroom. This club organized weekly workshops, interactive experiments, and debates, fostering a sense of curiosity and critical thinking among its members. Moreover, Ms. Zhang played a pivotal role in leading our school’s first-ever Science Fair, inspiring students from all grades to participate and present their projects. Her mentorship and encouragement empowered us to showcase our scientific prowess and creativity, leaving a lasting impact on our confidence and academic growth. Ms. Zhang’s passion for education and her commitment to her students have transformed the way we perceive learning. She has become a role model for many of us, exemplifying the true essence of an exceptional educator. Her relentless efforts deserve recognition, and she truly embodies the spirit of the “Person of the Year” award, symbolizing excellence, inspiration, and selfless service. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科11月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Europe's greatest designs Ever played with Lego? Visited Ikea? Read the Moomin stories? 1          the answer to any of these is yes, then you have enjoyed Nordic design. The Nordic region, located in the far north of Europe, 2          (make) up of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Lego is a Danish company; Ikea shops first opened in Sweden; and the Moomins started life in Finland. Now, a new exhibition 3          the V&A Museum of Childhood, in London, is celebrating this region. Century of the Child: Nordic Design for Children 1900 to Today will take visitors through the 100 years 4          proved to be a productive period for children and playtime. One of the things you can see--and play with--is a mini puckelbal pitch. This unpredictable ball game from Sweden uses a bumpy surface, crooked lines and different-sized goals 5          (ensure) that people of all ages and abilities can play at the same level. Other unusual objects include a toy made from fish bones and a dolls' house made from forest waste, 6          of which demonstrate creative ways of using eco-friendly materials. The exhibition will also have a section 7          (explore) how a "junk playground" in 1940s Denmark inspired adventure playgrounds in the UK. The exhibition's title comes from a book 8          (write) in 1900 by a Swedish author called Ellen Key. She believed that during the 20th century, adults 9          (focus) more attention on their children than they had in the previous century. Key wanted adults to make more of an effort to improve children's creativity and education. She died in 1926, but would no doubt have been proud to see 10          her ideas helped shape this exhibition. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. approaching B. crucially C. dynamically D. imagination E. memorable F. multi-dimensional G. play H. processing I. slow-motion J. spot K. thought How to Remember the Future One of the trickiest recall tasks is called prospective memory: remembering what you want or need to do, in time to do it. The reason it so often fails is that we have an idea in mind, but don't make it into a memory. A 11          occurs, we resolve to act on it "soon" and then, when the time comes, the idea's gone. Diaries and alarms help, but your 12          plays a vital role in holding onto thoughts and keeping you in control of your future plans. For example, don’t just have an idea about going to the bank. Paint a mental picture of yourself there—and actively make it 13          . Perhaps you are leaving the bank with shiny golden bars. Or maybe, your local branch is Gringotts HQ! But that's only the beginning-this process allows you to do much more than just reminding yourself to do things. You can use it to do them better. Try it now. Pick an important event that is 14         ; add details, put people or difficult conversation then on the safety of your armchair, and, 15         , how you'd like to feel. Creating "memories" like this gives you time to think about practical arrangements and 16          any problems before they arise. A part of your brain will still be 17          the details even when you're thinking about other things. Here are some tips: Experiment to see if you prefer viewing this "mental movie" through your own eyes, or by watching yourself from someone else's point of view. Control the time frame. Fast-forward any parts you find easy, and go in 18          for the bits that need extra work. Use your full range of senses. Engaging them all will create a rich, 19          memory. Engage with all the emotions at 20         . Maximise the feelings that will help you most in your scenario. With every repetition, turn your confidence up a level. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The spread of mindfulness has been little short of remarkable. Originating in Buddhist practices that date back over 2,000 years, it was relatively 21          in the West until just a few years ago and practised only by a handful of enthusiasts. Recently, however, it has emerged as a multi-billion dollar industry and has been accepted by everyone from celebrities and business leaders to doctors and parents. So what exactly is mindfulness and how is it supposed to work? Well, 22          it's a meditation therapy (冥想疗法) designed to train people to focus fully on inner processes occurring in the here and now. Evidence is slowly mounting of its 23          to solve a range of health problems. For instance, it's been claimed that it can break the cycle of depression and anxiety. People suffering from depression often find their negative moods are accompanied by negative thoughts. While these thoughts usually disappear once the episode has passed or once medication has been prescribed (开方), a (n) 24          between the various symptoms has nevertheless been established in the brain. As a result, a mood change caused by something unimportant such as bad weather can cause the symptoms, 25          a re-occurrence of depression. The more this happens, the more likely it is to re-occur, making the problem more 26          to drug treatment. Mindfulness-based therapies encourage sufferers to break this downward tendency by 27          these patterns of thought and then focusing their minds on the present instead of the past or future. This can also bring about 28          benefits too: the heart beats slower, muscles loosen and even brain structure may possibly be altered. Mindfulness is believed to stimulate new neural connections and studies have shown that the areas of the brain associated with the regulation of 29          are bigger in those who regularly practise meditation. The spread of mindfulness shows the 30          many Western health professionals take in Eastern practices. Thanks to western medicine, during the 20th century, life expectancy doubled in developed countries and many infectious diseases disappeared. However, while death may have been 31         , many are now living longer not in health but in sickness. Western medical practice is often less 32          at dealing with long-term illness and general well-being. Unless you are in terrible pain or have something life threatening, Western doctors often have little to offer. 33         , many dismiss patients with low-level complaints as 'the worried well'. Eastern medicine such as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), on the other hand, is more focused on maintaining good health. TCM is underpinned by a 34          that stresses harmony between mind, body and the environment. It aims to 'rebalance' patients and unblock natural energy flows called 'chi', and is apparently more 35          in relieving more minor conditions such as eczema, back pain and migraines. 21. A. straightforward B. expensive C. unknown D. unlimited 22. A. as a result B. after all C. in essence D. in other words 23. A. failure B. opposition C. willingness D. potential 24. A. association B. distinction C. similarity D. interval 25. A. resulting from B. relying on C. leading to D. consisting in 26. A. available B. resistant C. sensitive D. dangerous 27. A. noticing B. setting C. matching D. choosing 28. A. social B. physical C. mutual D. neutral 29. A. emotions B. activities C. securities D. appetites 30. A. charge B. interest C. risk D. pride 31. A. hated B. explored C. delayed D. sensed 32. A. mysterious B. defensive C. standard D. effective 33. A. Nevertheless B. Unusually C. Additionally D. Indeed 34. A. philosophy B. process C. situation D. coincidence 35. A. present B. successful C. different D. rare Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） At the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian, there was a pair of snow goggles made from the whale baleen. This style of eyewear, which protects eyes from injury, can even improve vision, as Ann Fienup-Riordan, a researcher at the museum, discovered one day in 2010. As a scientist who works with the Yupik people, Alaska's inhabitants, to develop exhibits and books about their culture, she had recently undergone surgery on her eyes, and "the vision in my right eye was still pretty poor," she says. But when she held the Yupik goggles up to her eyes? "I could see!" What was going on? It turns out the slit cut into the goggles focuses the light, much as a camera does. As a result, far-off objects appear sharper "and your vision was much, much better," Fienup-Riordan says. The gear shows exceptional engineering talent. The Yupik language does not have a word for "science", but the Yupik people have had a grasp of the physics, biology and chemistry that govern the natural world. They use every material they can get their hands on to craft tools and clothing that help them survive a challenging environment. To keep warm indoors, they designed an entrance to their wooden houses that tunnels downward in a U shape. Since warm air rises, it cannot escape through the underground exit. To keep dry they created a waterproof lining out of fish skins. Out hunting and fishing, the Yupik people always carry a negcik, a wooden walking stick with a bone hook attached to the end. It has various uses: taking items out of boats, protecting yourself from bears, or pulling yourself out of freezing water if you're unlucky enough to fall in. "Our ancestors were so creative in making hunting tools," a Yupik elder named Willie Kamkoff once told Fienup-Riordan. Paul John, a Yupik elder who lives in Toksook Bay, says, "One can see their intelligence through their things." Some Yupik elders worry that reliance on modern Western goods and urban life is dimming reliance on creative traditions. But Fienup-Riordan believes that enough people are still hunting and fishing to preserve essential techniques. A new issue is emerging, though, one that is disrupting generations-old seasonal patterns. "The ocean isn't freezing up the way it did in the past," she says. "Freeze-up is later in the fall. And break-up is much earlier in the spring. It's really extraordinary." After thousands of years of inventively surviving a subzero world, the Yupik people have a new engineering challenge: adapting to a warmer one. 36. What did Ann Fienup-Riordan find about the Yupik goggles? A. They can improve vision. B. They can protect eyes from injury. C. They are made from the whale baleen. D. They are used by the Yupik people as a camera. 37. Paragraph 4 is mainly intended to A. show that the Yupik people are good at making tools out of wood B. explain why the Yupik language does not have a word for "science" C. highlight the Yupik people's talent in turning waste into useful tools D. give examples of the Yupik people's innovative solutions for survival 38. According to Ann Fienup-Riordan, what new challenge is the Yupik people faced with now? A. Living conditions in a subzero world. B. The changing environmental patterns. C. The disappearance of creative traditions. D. Reliance on modern western goods and urban life. 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. The museum that shows the Yupik's people's talent. B. The history of the Yupik people's survival and evolution. C. The researcher who is dedicated to studying the Yupik culture. D. The Yupik people's creativity in adapting to their environment. （B） Michael Blastland's new book, The Hidden Half, looks at how our urge to constantly find order affects science, politics, business and economics, with sometimes terrible results. What's The Hidden Half all about? It's a book of mysteries and errors that reflect the fact that our knowledge is much weaker and less reliable than we think it is. I've tried to tell some of the stories which actually show us that we don't and possibly never will have secure knowledge of some of the causal processes in our lives. That's an uncomfortable thought... There are clearly some instances in which uncertainty is actually a good thing. The question is, can we talk about uncertainty in ways that people find acceptable for the tricky questions about what's going on in the world? Because people fear that if they admit uncertainty they'll lose their authority. There's research being done by the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication. They tell you in different ways how many tigers there are in the world. Then they ask you if you trust the information, and whether you trust the person telling you two separate questions. They say, "There are X thousand tigers. What do you say to that, and do you trust me?" Then they say, "We think there are X thousand tigers, but we're not quite sure. Now how well do you trust the information and how well do you trust me?" And the third one: "We think there are X thousand tigers, but we're pretty confident that the answer is within a thousand more or a thousand fewer." The last of those achieves the highest level of trust. People lose confidence in the number a bit, which they should, because we're not that sure about the number. But they gain confidence in the person giving them the information. So we can present information in ways that admit real, unavoidable uncertainty and gain credibility. What practical tips should we take from the book? You can still make any decision you like. You just have to acknowledge the uncertainties, because that might change the kind of decision that you make. You can recognise that your policy that has been demonstrated in a few schools in the West Midlands may not translate to many other schools if the sample isn't big enough. Don't expect things to generalise with perfection if you're a decision maker. There are things we don't know, but we'd do things a lot better if we were frank about our limitations. 40. According to Michael Blastland, what is his book, The Hidden Half, intended to do? A. To warn readers against any generalization. B. To encourage readers to challenge authority. C. To get readers to realize their own limitations. D. To remind readers that uncertainty is a fact of life. 41. What does the research by the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication show? A. People prefer to have a definite answer to a question. B. You may not lose authority even if you admit you are unsure. C. We can say for certain how many tigers there are in the world. D. It's important to reveal uncertainty in an unnoticeable way. 42. What suggestion does Michael Blastland give? A. Decision-makers should read his book. B. We should be careful with any translated works. C. We should be honest with what we don't know for sure. D. Decision-makers should demonstrate their policy-making processes. （C） A new study, which found that eating ultra-processed food (like fish fingers, fizzy drinks and ready meals) could increase the risk of death, made for alarming headlines. The Sun told us that "just four portions of processed food a day could kill you", while The Telegraph said that ultra-processed foods "could increase the risk of early death by 60 per cent". As is often the case, the research is well-designed and alarming. What's more, the news coverage is not exactly false. The problem is that the numbers driving the headlines are hard to interpret, and seem more frightening than they are. Let's unpack what the evidence means in this case. Spanish researchers followed roughly 20,000 students over 14 years, using questionnaires to estimate how many portions of ultra-processed food they were eating every day. They found that those who ate the most ultra-processed foods had a 62 per cent increased risk of death from any cause, compared with those who ate the least. If we assume the conclusions are accurate, then a 62 per cent increased risk of death sounds pretty shocking. But what does it mean? Let's imagine two friends--Wanda and Winona. They're both around 50, the same weight, do the same amount of exercise, have same family histories of disease, but not the same habits or lifestyle. Wanda is keen on instant noodles, fish fingers and fizzy drinks, while Winona prefers steamed vegetables and wholemeal bread. Each one faces an annual risk of death, whose technical name is their 'hazard'. The key statistic reported in the Spanish study was a hazard ratio of 1.62. This means that, for two people like Wanda and Winona who are similar apart from their different diets, the one with the risk factor-Wanda-has a 62 per cent increased annual risk of death over the follow-up period (around 14 years in the Spanish study). It's tempting to interpret this as meaning that Wanda's life is going to be 62 per cent shorter than Winona's, but that's not what's going on. Crucially, the risk of dying in any one year for the average person is pretty low, so a 62 per cent annual increase in risk of death may not be alarming as it sounds. In the UK, for example, the average annual risk of death for 50-year-old women is around 0.2 per cent, which means you might expect 2 in every 1,000 women like Winona to die each year. A 62 per cent increase on that number gives around a 0.3 per cent annual risk of death, which would be 3 in every 1,000 women like Wanda. The difference, 1 in 1,000, sounds a lot less alarming than the 62 per cent which made the headlines. 43. What does the writer imply about the increased risk of death covered in the news? A. It reflects people's ignorance of what makes a healthy diet. B. The interpretation of it needs to be put into perspective. C. It is a conclusion drawn from a poorly designed study. D. The understanding of it varies from country to country. 44. What did the Spanish researchers do in their study? A. They divided the students into two groups. B. They collected the data by means of interviews. C. They followed the subjects for more than a decade. D. They made up two friends named Wanda and Winona. 45. According to the writer, why is it that the 62 per cent annual increase in risk of death may not be that alarming? A. The chance of dying in a year for the average person is relatively minimal. B. It is based on the data that the Spanish researchers collected 14 years ago. C. The relevant study has failed to take other factors into consideration. D. People in the UK are becoming more and more health-conscious. 46. What can be concluded from the passage? A. The news coverage ought to be as objective as possible. B. There needs to be more evidence for the increase in risk of death. C. The harm done by ultra-processed food is not as serious as reported. D. There should be regulations on the production of ultra-processed food. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. The Arctic has been occupied for a very long time and the cultures are remarkably old. B. In general, Arctic winters are dark. C. This romantic idea of the Arctic is appealing, but of course false. D. Inhabitants hunted mammoth and other large animals that are now extinct and they developed the first Arctic art. E. But these lean seasons alternate with periods of extraordinary abundance in the summer. F. The Arctic is the most northern place on earth and covers 4% of its surface. What You Should Know about the Arctic You might have a picture in your mind of the Arctic- with its vast icy landscapes and plentiful wildlife. But where actually is the Arctic and what cultures live there? 47          Its centre, the North Pole, rests over the Arctic Ocean, which until recently has been covered by relatively stable, year-round sea ice. The Arctic Circle sets both the southern boundary of the Arctic and the latitude (66.5°North) at which the sun remains above, or below, the horizon for 24 hours, at least one day per year. The further north you go, sunlight is gained or lost at greater speed. 48          Moonlight reflecting off snow and ice generates light but life adjusts to the dim. Summers are full of light and people full of energy. However, the intense sunlight reflecting off snow or ice in spring can be very harmful and cause blindness, so Arctic Peoples have made glasses to protect their eyes. Today, Arctic Peoples use hats and sunglasses, but some historic models elegantly protected the eyes, focused the vision, and helped communicate identity through their different styles. Today, four million people live in the Arctic. They are spread across the eight countries with territory in the Arctic: Russia, USA, Canada, Denmark/Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Finland. Only 10% of those Arctic inhabitants are indigenous to the region, belonging to one or more of the 40 different cultural groups. 49          When much of Europe was covered in glaciers, the plains of northeastern Siberia were glacier free and it was possible to settle. Recent archaeological findings show that hunters occupied the mouth of the Yana River of northeastern Siberia 30,000 years ago. The ancient people of Yana (in north eastern Siberia) spent a lot of time making jewellery, decorating themselves with animal-teeth pendants and beads made from mammoth ivory, hare bones or rare minerals. They also made bracelets carved with detailed marks indicating personal or community identity. The earliest Arctic inhabitants led rich lives, and used resources available to them in innovative ways. 50          For example, they invented tools to help them survive the cold. They hunted animals and used their skins for clothes. They also developed their own art and music. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Keeping Everyday Life from Becoming Boring Last spring, I started a new exercise class. As someone who dislikes doing jumping jacks, burpees, and push-ups, I found the workouts surprisingly enjoyable, at least for a while. But after several months, my hobby began to feel like watching the same episode of a sitcom on repeat. I was overly familiar with the class routine, and my excitement had been replaced with boredom. A 2016 study for the American Psychological Association (APA) estimated that 63 percent of us suffer from boredom regularly. And research shows that chronically bored people are more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety. Even though we all feel apathetic from time to time, according to Mary Mann, author of Yawn: Adventures in Boredom, it's often seen as being self-inflicted. "Only boring people get bored" is a popular belief. But boredom isn't a character problem. It's a state brought on by something called hedonic adaptation, or the tendency to get used to things over time. This explains why activities that were initially gratifying can sometimes lose their appeal. Humans are remarkably good at getting used to changes in our lives, both positive and negative, according to Sonja Lyubomirsky, a professor of psychology at the University of California. This is a good thing when we are faced with adjusting to adversities such as losing a loved one or a job. But becoming immune to positive events can prove harmful. Think about the last time you got a raise, bought a car, or moved. At first, these experiences can bring immense joy. But over time, they become part of the routine. We are ready for the next new thing to excite us. While boredom can be a downer when it drains the pleasure from our lives, it can provide a sort of service. "If our emotional reactions didn't weaken with time, we couldn't recognize novel changes that may signal rewards or threats," Lyubomirsky says. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 采访开始后，他的话带我们回到了 20 世纪 60 年代。(take) 53. 夏日的夜晚，这刺眼的灯光让人叫苦不迭。(enough) 54. 小桥流水是水乡古镇共有的面孔；但细看眉眼，总是各不相同。(upon) 55. 这条街上除了几家咖啡馆开门营业外，大部分屋子门窗紧闭，窗上积起厚厚一片尘埃。(apart from) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校英语报正在进行主题为 "Person of the Year" 的征文，推选一名在过去一年里为学校做出重要贡献的教职工或学生。你有意参加，写一篇文章，内容须包括： 1) 简单介绍你准备推选的人选； 2) 具体描述她 / 他在过去一年里为学校做出的贡献。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $