精品解析：辽宁阜新市第四中学2026—2027学年（上）质量检测（一）八年级英语试卷

阜新市第四中学2026—2027（上）质量检测（一）八年级英语试卷 （本试卷共45小题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟） 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 （A） On August 1st, 2024, 20-year-old Pan Zhanle set a new world record in the 100m freestyle (自由泳). His result was 46.40 seconds. That was the first swimming world record at the 2024 Paris Olympics. Pan is from China. He swam much faster than Kyle Chalmers from Australia. Kyle got the silver medal with a time of 47.48 seconds. David Popovici from Romania got the bronze medal. His result was 47.49 seconds. On February 17th, Pan Zhanle broke the record in the 100m freestyle relay at the 2024 Doha World Championships. At the 2024 Paris Olympics, his new record was 0.4 seconds faster than his record at the 2024 Doha World Championships. His gold medal was also the first medal for China in the 100m freestyle. That was his first time to take part in the Olympics. Pan said, “I try my best to get a good result. I am very surprised to break the world record. It’s a magical moment.” He trains really hard. He spends much time in the pool every day, practising strokes (划水) again and again. He never gives up during hard training. He tries to get better and better in swimming. 1. Who got the silver medal in the 100m freestyle at the 2024 Paris Olympics? A. Pan Zhanle B. Kyle Chalmers C. David Popovici D. Guo Jingjing 2. What was Pan Zhanle’s record in the 4X100 m freestyle relay at the 2024 Doha World Championships? A. 46.40 seconds B. 46.80 seconds C. 47.48 seconds D. 47.49 seconds 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Pan Zhanle swam fastest in the 100m freestyle at the 2024 Paris Olympics. B. The first swimming world record at the 2024 Paris Olympics is 47.48 seconds. C. David Popovici swam faster than Kyle Chalmers. D. It was Pan Zhanle’s second time to take part in the Olympics. 4. Which saying best describes Pan Zhanle? A. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed . C. Two heads are better than one. D. Practice makes perfect. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了潘展乐在2024巴黎奥运会男子100米自由泳打破世界纪录的相关情况以及他刻苦训练的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。第二段指出“Kyle got the silver medal with a time of 47.48 seconds.”，Kyle Chalmers获得银牌。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。第一段“His result was 46.40 seconds.”和第三段指出“his new record was 0.4 seconds faster than his record at the 2024 Doha World Championships.”，巴黎奥运成绩46.40比多哈世锦赛快0.4 秒，46.40+0.4=46.80。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。第一段指出“On August 1st, 2024, 20-year-old Pan Zhanle set a new world record in the 100m freestyle”，可知潘展乐打破世界纪录，说明他在该项目中游得最快。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。第四段指出“He spends much time in the pool every day, practising strokes again and again. He never gives up during hard training.”，说明潘展乐反复练习、刻苦训练。 （B） Four beggars (乞丐) usually met at an old house at the end of the day. One day, they were very sad because none of them got much in their begging bowls. “I only got this piece of meat today,” the first beggar said. The second beggar just picked up a few vegetables outside the vegetable store. The third one said that all he had was a handful of herbs (香草) but he couldn’t eat them. The fourth beggar only got some dried beans. As they sat around the fire, one of them had a great idea, “Let’s put all these things together and cook them. In this way, we can make a delicious dish and share it.” They all agreed. However, the first beggar thought, “I don’t want to share. I’ll just pretend (假装) to throw my meat into the pot. They’ll never know and I’ll eat my meat later.” So he did it. The other beggars had the same idea and the house was so dim that no one could see what the others were doing. Finally, when the dish was ready, each of them got a bowl in turn. They drank the hot water quietly, learning that selfishness didn’t taste that good. 5. Why were the four beggars not happy in Paragraph 1? A. Because other people laughed at them. B. Because they didn’t believe each other. C. Because they didn’t get much from others. D. Because they argued with other beggars about food. 6. What does the underlined word “dim” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. dirty B. dark C. dry D. cheap 7. What’s the right order of the things that the four beggars did? a. They all pretended to throw their things into the pot. b. They agreed to cook all the things they got that day. c. They drank the hot water quietly after the dish was ready. d. They met at an old house at the end of the day sadly. A. a-d-b-c B. b-d-c-a C. c-a-d-b D. d-b-a-c 8. What can we learn from the story? A. Never stay with beggars. B. We should learn to share. C. We should learn how to cook. D. Never cook different foods together. 【答案】5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了四个乞丐因乞讨所得甚少而悲伤，决定共享食物却各自私藏，最终只喝到热水的故事，揭示了自私带来的后果，倡导学会分享。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“One day, they were very sad because none of them got much in their begging bowls.”可知，四个乞丐不开心是因为乞讨碗里没得到多少东西。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“the house was so dim that no one could see what the others were doing”可知，没人能看见别人在做什么，说明房子光线昏暗，dim意为“昏暗的”，与dark意思相近。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Four beggars (乞丐) usually met at an old house at the end of the day. One day, they were very sad”可知，有一天快结束时，他们悲伤地在一座老房子里见面；根据第二段“Let’s put all these things together and cook them.”以及“They all agreed.”可知，他们同意把那天得到的所有东西都煮了；第三段和第四段讲述了他们都假装把东西扔进锅里；根据最后一段“They drank the hot water quietly”可知，他们最终只喝到热水，正确顺序为 d-b-a-c。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“They drank the hot water quietly, learning that selfishness didn’t taste that good.”并结合全文可知，故事告诉我们自私不好，应该学会分享。 （C） In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可信度). Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person’s place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener. At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a good friend will try to understand me and accept me. Another quality of a good friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need help, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me. There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we should enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me. 9. The underlined words “fair-weather friends” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean ________. A. 有钱的朋友 B. 酒肉朋友 C. 信任的朋友 D. 诚实的朋友 10. Which of the following qualities does the writer think is the most important in choosing a friend? A. Understanding. B. Honesty. C. Reliability. D. A sense of humor. 11. This passage mainly discusses ________. A. the qualities of a good friend B. where to choose good friends C. how to get along with good friends D. the importance of having a good friend 12. In which unit of a textbook can the text be found? A. Unit 1 Sense of Humor B. Unit 2 Being Successful C. Unit 3 Making Friends D. Unit 4 The Importance of Honesty 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕择友标准展开，指出益友能带来帮助与快乐，而“酒肉朋友”会在困境中离开，并详细阐述了好朋友应具备的理解、诚实、可靠及幽默感等核心品质。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。下文“They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away.”提到，这种朋友只在你有钱或走运时和你在一起，当你情绪低落时，他们就会逃跑。fair-weather friends指只在顺境相伴、逆境离开的朋友，可能是指“酒肉朋友”。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.”可知，作者将理解置于首位，认为是最重要的品质。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章各段分别介绍了理解、诚实、可靠及幽默感等朋友品质，核心内容是“好朋友的品质”。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。全文主要讨论如何选择朋友及朋友应具备的品质，属于交友话题，适合出现在关于交友的单元。 （D） When I was in high school, I was shy and never knew how to start a talk with others. Once I was a member of a group in my high school, and we needed to prepare for an activity. Some volunteers were busy collating (整理) materials (材料). I wanted to join them so much. Although I was nervous, I picked up my courage, came up to them and asked if there was something that I could help with. However, one of the girls said, “No, thank you. There’s no work for you here.” After hearing her words, I stood there with great embarrassment (尴尬). At that time, when I was going to leave, another volunteer saw what happened and said, “Hey, there’s work to do, and we need your help.” While I was working, the volunteer started conversations with me and introduced his classmates to me. With his warm help, I didn’t feel nervous anymore and started talking with them happily. Since then, I have become more outgoing and like to join in activities and make friends. I am thankful to the volunteer who helped me solve the embarrassment. What’s more, he gave me a sense of belonging (归属) and brought me the joy of making friends. And I really want to pass the kindness forward to help more shy people to step out of their lonely world, because no one is an island (岛). Everyone, no matter who he is or what he likes, certainly needs friends. We need love from others and we should also love others. 13. What did the writer use to be? A. He always helped the shy people. B. He enjoyed the joy of making friends. C. He took part in many volunteer activities. D. He was shy and not good at talking to others. 14. Why did the writer feel embarrassed? A. Because no one wanted him to join. B. Because there was no work he could do. C. Because one of the girls refused his help. D. Because he didn’t join the volunteers successfully. 15. Which of the following shows how the writer’s feelings changed over time? A. nervous → happy → embarrassed → thankful B. embarrassed → happy→ nervous → thankful C. nervous → embarrassed → happy→ thankful D. nervous → thankful → happy → embarrassed 16. What is the best title for the text? A. Hold a great school activity B. Find a true self in the world C. Challenge yourself all the time D. Be open and brave to the world 【答案】13. D 14. C 15. C 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者高中时因害羞不敢与人交流，在一次志愿活动中被拒绝后感到尴尬，另一位志愿者的友好帮助使其变得开朗，并决心将这份善意传递下去的故事。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“When I was in high school, I was shy and never knew how to start a talk with others.”可知，作者过去很害羞且不擅长与他人交谈。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, one of the girls said, ‘No, thank you. There’s no work for you here.’ After hearing her words, I stood there with great embarrassment”可知，作者感到尴尬是因为其中一个女孩拒绝了他的帮助。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Although I was nervous”、“stood there with great embarrassment”、“started talking with them happily”以及第二段第二句“I am thankful to the volunteer”可知，作者的情感变化顺序为紧张、尴尬、开心、感激。 【16题详解】 最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了作者从害羞到勇敢迈出一步，感受到世界的善意，并希望帮助更多人走出孤独的故事。核心是鼓励人们走出孤独、主动交友、传递温暖。“Be open and brave to the world”最能契合文章主题。 第二节 阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 People often think it’s hard to make inventions, so they believe only a few can be inventors! In fact, everyone can be an inventor if they want to try. ___17___ If you want to be an inventor, here are some wrong ideas to avoid (避免). Wrong idea 1: ___18___ Inventing means creating something new, but ideas can also come from existing (现有的) things. For example, the Wright brothers got the ideas for building a “flying machine” from watching birds. Wrong idea 2: Inventors are born, not made. There are many factors (要素) that help make inventions possible. Take Mozart as an example. He was born with a talent for music. ___19___ His father was a music teacher, and Mozart practised for hours daily from an early age. As Thomas Edison said, “Genius (天才) is 1% inspiration and 99%perspiration.” Successful inventors also don’t give up even when they get something wrong. Wrong idea 3: Inventors are always old people. ___20___ Here’s an example of a young inventor: Louis Braille went blind as a child. At 15, he invented a system of reading and writing for blind people. And it is still used in most countries today. A. An invention has to be something completely new. B. Maybe this sounds crazy (疯狂的), but it’s true. C. Believe you can invent things even when you’re young. D. But other factors were also important for his creativity. E. There are many inventions. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了成为发明家要避免的三个错误观念，打破“发明必须是全新事物”、“发明家是天生的而非后天培养”以及“发明家总是老年人”这三种错误认知，说明每个人都可以成为发明家，以及创造力的形成是天赋、后天培养、坚持等多种因素共同作用的结果。 【17题详解】 前文提到“每个人都能成为发明家”，B选项“Maybe this sounds crazy (疯狂的), but it’s true.”承接上文观点，符合语境。 【18题详解】 对应错误想法1的段落，后文说明发明的想法也可以来自现有事物，并非完全全新，因此A选项“An invention has to be something completely new.”是错误想法，放在此处作该部分的错误观点，符合逻辑。 【19题详解】 前文说莫扎特有音乐天赋，后文提到他的父亲是音乐老师、他每天练习，说明除了天赋外还有其他重要因素，D选项“But other factors were also important for his creativity.”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 【20题详解】 对应错误想法3“发明家总是老年人”，后文举了年轻发明家路易斯·布莱叶的例子，因此C选项“Believe you can invent things even when you’re young.”反驳了该错误观点，引出下文的例子，符合语境。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There is nobody in the world the same ____21____ you. You are unique! Everybody is ____22____ from everyone else. That is good! ____23____ it makes the world an interesting place. There are some people taller ____24____ you, and some shorter than you. Maybe your hair is the same colour as your friend’s hair, but maybe it is longer than ____25____. Another difference is that your hair may be straight, but hers may be curly. I’m sure you have some friends who are ____26____ than you. And you also have some friends who are as ____27____ at sports as you. But there are also people around you who are not good at some things. ____28____ does your best friend look like? Do you both ____29____ to finish your homework at school? Do you both want to wear the same clothes every day? I think ____30____ some ways you are the same, but in many other ways you are different. So say loudly to the world, “I am who I am—I’m unique!” 21. A. with B. as C. of D. from 22. A. better B. different C. smart D. good 23. A. Because B. Or C. Although D. But 24. A. after B. than C. like D. in front of 25. A. her B. she C. hers D. she’ s 26. A. smart B. smarter C. smartest D. as smart 27. A. bad B. better C. well D. good 28. A. Where B. What C. How D. How often 29. A. like B. enjoy C. would like D. going 30. A. through B. by C. in D. on 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍每个人都是独一无二的，人与人之间既有相同之处，也存在很多不同点，告诉我们要接纳独特的自己。 【21题详解】 句意：世界上没有人和你一模一样。 固定搭配the same as意为“和……一样”。with“和……一起”、of“……的”、from“从”均不符合固定搭配。 【22题详解】 句意：每个人都和其他人不一样。 固定搭配be different from意为“与……不同”。better“更好的”、smart“聪明的”、good“好的”均不符合固定搭配。 【23题详解】 句意：这很棒！因为它让世界成为一个有趣的地方。 前一句说这是件好事，后一句解释原因，because“因为”用来引出原因。or“或者；否则”、although“虽然”、but“但是”均不符合逻辑。 【24题详解】 句意：有些人比你高，有些人比你矮。 句中taller是比较级，比较级后面用than表示“比”。after“在……之后”、like“像”、in front of“在……前面”均不能用于比较级。 【25题详解】 句意：也许你的头发和你朋友头发颜色一样，但也许你的头发比她的（头发）更长。 此处指代her hair，要用名词性物主代词hers。her是形容词性物主代词/宾格，she是主格，she’s=she is，都不能单独指代头发。 【26题详解】 句意：我确定你有一些比你更聪明的朋友。 空后有than，要用形容词比较级，smart的比较级是smarter。smart原级、smartest最高级、as smart不能和than连用。 【27题详解】 句意：你也有一些朋友，他们在运动方面和你一样擅长。 固定结构as+形容词原级+as，be good at意为“擅长”。bad“坏的”、better比较级、well副词，都不符合结构。 【28题详解】 句意：你最好的朋友长什么样子？ 固定句型What does sb. look like?用来询问某人外貌。where“在哪里”、how“如何”、how often“多久一次”均不符合句型。 【29题详解】 句意：你们俩都喜欢在学校完成作业吗？ like to do sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。enjoy后面接doing；would like to do“想要”，问句一般用would开头；going是非谓语，不能直接作谓语。 【30题详解】 句意：我认为在某些方面你们是相同的，但在很多其他方面你们不一样。 固定搭配in some ways意为“在某些方面”。through“穿过”、by“通过”、on“在……上面”均不符合搭配。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。 I can still remember the person who has ___31___ (change) my world. She was my music teacher in my middle school. In my first music class, she let me try ___32___ (play) her guitar. ___33___ I did my best, I couldn’t play it well. After ___34___ (finish) it, I put my head down. “I guess I’m not very good at it.” I said to her. She looked at me with her kind ___35___ (eye). Then she smiled and said, “We are all good at ___36___ (do) something. You just need to find them out.” Those simple words changed my idea. Before that, I ___37___ (think) I had nothing to give to others. I realised that I had something inside me that was good and could make this world better. I just had to find it, bring it out and share it. And that is what I ___38___ (try) to do all of the years since that fateful (决定性的) day. Can you change the world ? Yes, you ___39___ (sure) can! You can change it and make it ____40____ (good) every single day in your life. You can change one choice, one person, and one kind act at a time. All you have to do is to share your goodness (善良). All you have to do is to live with your love. Make your love great then! Live well! Do good ! Change the world! 【答案】31. changed 32. playing 33. Although 34. finishing 35. eyes 36. doing 37. thought 38. have been trying 39. surely 40. better 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆中学时代的音乐老师，老师温柔的话语改变了作者，让作者明白每个人都有自己的闪光点，我们可以用善意去改变世界。 【31题详解】 句意：我仍然记得那个改变了我的世界的人。该处需要动词过去分词，句子使用现在完成时，助动词has后面要搭配动词过去分词，changed意为“改变”，因此填changed。 【32题详解】 句意：在我的第一节音乐课上，她让我试着弹她的吉他。该处需要动名词，try doing sth.表示“试着做某事”，playing意为“弹奏”，因此填playing。 【33题详解】 句意：虽然我尽了最大努力，但我还是弹不好吉他。该处需要连词引导让步状语从句，Although意为“虽然，尽管”，放在句首首字母必须大写，因此填Although。 【34题详解】 句意：弹完之后，我低下了头。该处需要动名词，after是介词，介词之后的动词要改为动名词形式，finishing意为“完成”，因此填finishing。 【35题详解】 句意：她用慈祥的眼睛看着我。该处需要名词复数，人有两只眼睛，eye要使用复数形式eyes，eyes意为“眼睛”，因此填eyes。 【36题详解】 句意：我们都擅长做某些事情，你只需要把它们找出来。该处需要动名词，be good at doing sth.表示“擅长做某事”，doing意为“做”，因此填doing。 【37题详解】 句意：在那之前，我认为自己没有什么可以给予别人的东西。该处需要动词过去式，整句话描述过去产生的想法，时态为一般过去时，think的过去式是thought，thought意为“认为”，因此填thought。 【38题详解】 句意：那也是自从那个决定性的日子起，这些年来我一直在努力做的事。该处需要现在完成进行时的谓语结构，动作从过去开始，持续多年一直到现在，have been trying意为“一直在努力”，因此填have been trying。 【39题详解】 句意：是的，你当然可以！该处需要副词修饰后面的情态动词can，sure对应的副词形式是surely，surely意为“当然，无疑”，因此填surely。 【40题详解】 句意：你可以改变世界，让它在你生命中的每一天变得更好。该处需要形容词比较级，暗含和原本状态进行对比，good的比较级是better，better意为“更好的”，因此填better。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，1--3小题，每小题2分，4题4分，满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 “Keep your eyes on your own paper” is one of the rules that my English teacher, Mrs Archer, has taught. It is an easy rule, but it’s not a rule everybody chooses to follow. This morning, I had an experience with a “rule breaker” during an English exam. I felt somebody was watching me. I turned my head quickly and saw James, who sat behind me. My eyes caught his and he said in a low voice, “I hope you studied for this exam!” I gave him a smile, not sure if he was joking, and returned to my test. This time I leaned (倾身) a little more closely towards my paper. “I can’t see!” James said. “What am I going to do? Cheating is wrong,” I thought to myself. I tapped (轻拍) the top of my desk, hoping for an easy way out of this matter. No easy answer came. I just knew I had to do what I felt was right, even if it made James mad. So I guarded (守卫) my paper carefully so that he couldn’t see my answers. When the exam ended, I said to James, “Sorry, James, but you know me well enough to understand how I feel about cheating.” I said slowly and softly, “But maybe I could help you study before the next exam.” “OK,” he smiled. “It might not be easy, but I’ll give it a try.” I felt happy that my friendship with James hadn’t been destroyed. Mrs Archer would be proud. 41. What did the writer do after thinking? ______________________________________________________________________ 42. How did the writer feel after talking to James? ______________________________________________________________________ 43. Who is a “rule breaker”? ______________________________________________________________________ 44. What do you think of the writer? Why? (Write 20 words or more.) ______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. He guarded his paper carefully. 42. He felt happy. 43. James. 44. I think the writer is honest and kind. Because he refused to let his friend cheat but offered to help him study instead. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在英语考试中拒绝让朋友 James 作弊，但在考试后主动提出帮助朋友学习，最终既坚持了原则又维护了友谊的故事。 【41题详解】 第四段提到作者在思考后决定做的事为“I guarded (守卫) my paper carefully”。答案是原文的直接转述。 【42题详解】 第七段提到：“I felt happy that my friendship with James hadn’t been destroyed.”，表明作者在与James交谈并得到理解后，内心感到高兴。 【43题详解】 第二段提到：“I turned my head quickly and saw James, who sat behind me…‘I can’t see!’ James said.”，表明试图看作者试卷违反规则的人是James。 【44题详解】 开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合文章给出自己的见解并说明原因，合理即可。如：第四段作者拒绝作弊和第五段作者提出帮助朋友学习表明，作者既诚实又善良。 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 在学校中与同学友好相处是很重要的。我们学校即将举办以“How to get along with classmates”为题的英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。 注意： （1）至少写出三种做法； （2）词数为60~80，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （3）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear teachers and classmates, I am really glad to stand here and share my ideas on how to get along with classmates. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— Thank you for your time! 【答案】 范文： Dear teachers and classmates, I am really glad to stand here and share my ideas on how to get along with classmates. First, we should be friendly and polite to everyone around us. A sweet smile can often bring us closer. Second, it is important to help each other when someone is in trouble. Third, learning to listen and communicate properly is really necessary. If we have problems, we should talk them out calmly instead of fighting. In this way, we can build a better and warmer class together. Thank you for your time! 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，用一般现在时 明确要点：分享与同学相处的方法（至少写出三种做法） 确定人称：第一人称（we） 注意事项：内容贴合主题，逻辑清晰，语气礼貌真诚 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：问候听众，说明演讲主题 主体段：具体阐述与同学相处的方法 结尾段：总结并致谢 [第三步：要点展示] 要点一：分享与同学相处的方法 be friendly and polite to everyone around us/help each other when someone is in trouble/learning to listen and communicate properly/talk them out calmly instead of fighting/give them a hand instead of laughing at them等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 阜新市第四中学2026—2027（上）质量检测（一）八年级英语试卷 （本试卷共45小题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟） 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 （A） On August 1st, 2024, 20-year-old Pan Zhanle set a new world record in the 100m freestyle (自由泳). His result was 46.40 seconds. That was the first swimming world record at the 2024 Paris Olympics. Pan is from China. He swam much faster than Kyle Chalmers from Australia. Kyle got the silver medal with a time of 47.48 seconds. David Popovici from Romania got the bronze medal. His result was 47.49 seconds. On February 17th, Pan Zhanle broke the record in the 100m freestyle relay at the 2024 Doha World Championships. At the 2024 Paris Olympics, his new record was 0.4 seconds faster than his record at the 2024 Doha World Championships. His gold medal was also the first medal for China in the 100m freestyle. That was his first time to take part in the Olympics. Pan said, “I try my best to get a good result. I am very surprised to break the world record. It’s a magical moment.” He trains really hard. He spends much time in the pool every day, practising strokes (划水) again and again. He never gives up during hard training. He tries to get better and better in swimming. 1. Who got the silver medal in the 100m freestyle at the 2024 Paris Olympics? A. Pan Zhanle B. Kyle Chalmers C. David Popovici D. Guo Jingjing 2. What was Pan Zhanle’s record in the 4X100 m freestyle relay at the 2024 Doha World Championships? A. 46.40 seconds B. 46.80 seconds C. 47.48 seconds D. 47.49 seconds 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Pan Zhanle swam fastest in the 100m freestyle at the 2024 Paris Olympics. B. The first swimming world record at the 2024 Paris Olympics is 47.48 seconds. C. David Popovici swam faster than Kyle Chalmers. D. It was Pan Zhanle’s second time to take part in the Olympics. 4. Which saying best describes Pan Zhanle? A. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed . C. Two heads are better than one. D. Practice makes perfect. （B） Four beggars (乞丐) usually met at an old house at the end of the day. One day, they were very sad because none of them got much in their begging bowls. “I only got this piece of meat today,” the first beggar said. The second beggar just picked up a few vegetables outside the vegetable store. The third one said that all he had was a handful of herbs (香草) but he couldn’t eat them. The fourth beggar only got some dried beans. As they sat around the fire, one of them had a great idea, “Let’s put all these things together and cook them. In this way, we can make a delicious dish and share it.” They all agreed. However, the first beggar thought, “I don’t want to share. I’ll just pretend (假装) to throw my meat into the pot. They’ll never know and I’ll eat my meat later.” So he did it. The other beggars had the same idea and the house was so dim that no one could see what the others were doing. Finally, when the dish was ready, each of them got a bowl in turn. They drank the hot water quietly, learning that selfishness didn’t taste that good. 5. Why were the four beggars not happy in Paragraph 1? A. Because other people laughed at them. B. Because they didn’t believe each other. C. Because they didn’t get much from others. D. Because they argued with other beggars about food. 6. What does the underlined word “dim” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. dirty B. dark C. dry D. cheap 7. What’s the right order of the things that the four beggars did? a. They all pretended to throw their things into the pot. b. They agreed to cook all the things they got that day. c. They drank the hot water quietly after the dish was ready. d. They met at an old house at the end of the day sadly. A. a-d-b-c B. b-d-c-a C. c-a-d-b D. d-b-a-c 8. What can we learn from the story? A. Never stay with beggars. B. We should learn to share. C. We should learn how to cook. D. Never cook different foods together. （C） In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可信度). Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person’s place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener. At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a good friend will try to understand me and accept me. Another quality of a good friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need help, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me. There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we should enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me. 9. The underlined words “fair-weather friends” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean ________. A. 有钱的朋友 B. 酒肉朋友 C. 信任的朋友 D. 诚实的朋友 10. Which of the following qualities does the writer think is the most important in choosing a friend? A. Understanding. B. Honesty. C. Reliability. D. A sense of humor. 11. This passage mainly discusses ________. A. the qualities of a good friend B. where to choose good friends C. how to get along with good friends D. the importance of having a good friend 12. In which unit of a textbook can the text be found? A. Unit 1 Sense of Humor B. Unit 2 Being Successful C. Unit 3 Making Friends D. Unit 4 The Importance of Honesty （D） When I was in high school, I was shy and never knew how to start a talk with others. Once I was a member of a group in my high school, and we needed to prepare for an activity. Some volunteers were busy collating (整理) materials (材料). I wanted to join them so much. Although I was nervous, I picked up my courage, came up to them and asked if there was something that I could help with. However, one of the girls said, “No, thank you. There’s no work for you here.” After hearing her words, I stood there with great embarrassment (尴尬). At that time, when I was going to leave, another volunteer saw what happened and said, “Hey, there’s work to do, and we need your help.” While I was working, the volunteer started conversations with me and introduced his classmates to me. With his warm help, I didn’t feel nervous anymore and started talking with them happily. Since then, I have become more outgoing and like to join in activities and make friends. I am thankful to the volunteer who helped me solve the embarrassment. What’s more, he gave me a sense of belonging (归属) and brought me the joy of making friends. And I really want to pass the kindness forward to help more shy people to step out of their lonely world, because no one is an island (岛). Everyone, no matter who he is or what he likes, certainly needs friends. We need love from others and we should also love others. 13. What did the writer use to be? A. He always helped the shy people. B. He enjoyed the joy of making friends. C. He took part in many volunteer activities. D. He was shy and not good at talking to others. 14. Why did the writer feel embarrassed? A. Because no one wanted him to join. B. Because there was no work he could do. C. Because one of the girls refused his help. D. Because he didn’t join the volunteers successfully. 15. Which of the following shows how the writer’s feelings changed over time? A. nervous → happy → embarrassed → thankful B. embarrassed → happy→ nervous → thankful C. nervous → embarrassed → happy→ thankful D. nervous → thankful → happy → embarrassed 16. What is the best title for the text? A. Hold a great school activity B. Find a true self in the world C. Challenge yourself all the time D. Be open and brave to the world 第二节 阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 People often think it’s hard to make inventions, so they believe only a few can be inventors! In fact, everyone can be an inventor if they want to try. ___17___ If you want to be an inventor, here are some wrong ideas to avoid (避免). Wrong idea 1: ___18___ Inventing means creating something new, but ideas can also come from existing (现有的) things. For example, the Wright brothers got the ideas for building a “flying machine” from watching birds. Wrong idea 2: Inventors are born, not made. There are many factors (要素) that help make inventions possible. Take Mozart as an example. He was born with a talent for music. ___19___ His father was a music teacher, and Mozart practised for hours daily from an early age. As Thomas Edison said, “Genius (天才) is 1% inspiration and 99%perspiration.” Successful inventors also don’t give up even when they get something wrong. Wrong idea 3: Inventors are always old people. ___20___ Here’s an example of a young inventor: Louis Braille went blind as a child. At 15, he invented a system of reading and writing for blind people. And it is still used in most countries today. A. An invention has to be something completely new. B. Maybe this sounds crazy (疯狂的), but it’s true. C. Believe you can invent things even when you’re young. D. But other factors were also important for his creativity. E. There are many inventions. 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There is nobody in the world the same ____21____ you. You are unique! Everybody is ____22____ from everyone else. That is good! ____23____ it makes the world an interesting place. There are some people taller ____24____ you, and some shorter than you. Maybe your hair is the same colour as your friend’s hair, but maybe it is longer than ____25____. Another difference is that your hair may be straight, but hers may be curly. I’m sure you have some friends who are ____26____ than you. And you also have some friends who are as ____27____ at sports as you. But there are also people around you who are not good at some things. ____28____ does your best friend look like? Do you both ____29____ to finish your homework at school? Do you both want to wear the same clothes every day? I think ____30____ some ways you are the same, but in many other ways you are different. So say loudly to the world, “I am who I am—I’m unique!” 21. A. with B. as C. of D. from 22. A. better B. different C. smart D. good 23. A. Because B. Or C. Although D. But 24. A. after B. than C. like D. in front of 25. A. her B. she C. hers D. she’ s 26. A. smart B. smarter C. smartest D. as smart 27. A. bad B. better C. well D. good 28. A. Where B. What C. How D. How often 29. A. like B. enjoy C. would like D. going 30. A. through B. by C. in D. on 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。 I can still remember the person who has ___31___ (change) my world. She was my music teacher in my middle school. In my first music class, she let me try ___32___ (play) her guitar. ___33___ I did my best, I couldn’t play it well. After ___34___ (finish) it, I put my head down. “I guess I’m not very good at it.” I said to her. She looked at me with her kind ___35___ (eye). Then she smiled and said, “We are all good at ___36___ (do) something. You just need to find them out.” Those simple words changed my idea. Before that, I ___37___ (think) I had nothing to give to others. I realised that I had something inside me that was good and could make this world better. I just had to find it, bring it out and share it. And that is what I ___38___ (try) to do all of the years since that fateful (决定性的) day. Can you change the world ? Yes, you ___39___ (sure) can! You can change it and make it ____40____ (good) every single day in your life. You can change one choice, one person, and one kind act at a time. All you have to do is to share your goodness (善良). All you have to do is to live with your love. Make your love great then! Live well! Do good ! Change the world! 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，1--3小题，每小题2分，4题4分，满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 “Keep your eyes on your own paper” is one of the rules that my English teacher, Mrs Archer, has taught. It is an easy rule, but it’s not a rule everybody chooses to follow. This morning, I had an experience with a “rule breaker” during an English exam. I felt somebody was watching me. I turned my head quickly and saw James, who sat behind me. My eyes caught his and he said in a low voice, “I hope you studied for this exam!” I gave him a smile, not sure if he was joking, and returned to my test. This time I leaned (倾身) a little more closely towards my paper. “I can’t see!” James said. “What am I going to do? Cheating is wrong,” I thought to myself. I tapped (轻拍) the top of my desk, hoping for an easy way out of this matter. No easy answer came. I just knew I had to do what I felt was right, even if it made James mad. So I guarded (守卫) my paper carefully so that he couldn’t see my answers. When the exam ended, I said to James, “Sorry, James, but you know me well enough to understand how I feel about cheating.” I said slowly and softly, “But maybe I could help you study before the next exam.” “OK,” he smiled. “It might not be easy, but I’ll give it a try.” I felt happy that my friendship with James hadn’t been destroyed. Mrs Archer would be proud. 41. What did the writer do after thinking? ______________________________________________________________________ 42. How did the writer feel after talking to James? ______________________________________________________________________ 43. Who is a “rule breaker”? ______________________________________________________________________ 44. What do you think of the writer? Why? (Write 20 words or more.) ______________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 在学校中与同学友好相处是很重要的。我们学校即将举办以“How to get along with classmates”为题的英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。 注意： （1）至少写出三种做法； （2）词数为60~80，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （3）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear teachers and classmates, I am really glad to stand here and share my ideas on how to get along with classmates. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— Thank you for your time! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $