第二单元测试卷 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

Unit2单元测试卷（湖北专用） 笔试部分（共90分） 一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa, Italy, in 1564. His father taught music 1 his mother cared for the kids at home. The family was not 2 , but Galileo’s parents paid for him to go to school. At first, Galileo planned to become a doctor, but he 3 his mind. He liked a different kind of science—physics. Galileo Galilei, a 4 in science, was the first person to see many things through a telescope. With his telescope, he made many amazing 5 . For example, he discovered that the moon has mountains and craters (坑) on its 6 , just like the earth. He also found that four big moons go around Jupiter. Now, these moons are called the Galilean moons. One of Galileo’s most 7 ideas was that the earth moves around the sun. This idea was very new at that time. Although few people believed him, he didn’t 8 . He tried his best to 9 his ideas, even when he was faced with many difficulties. In fact, some people felt very upset because 10 thought the earth was the center of the universe (宇宙). But Galileo kept studying to 11 that he was right. Besides, Galileo also studied how things move. He did experiments (实验) with balls rolling down slopes (斜坡) and found that 12 fall with the same acceleration (加速), no matter how heavy they are. It was 13 an important discovery in physics! This spirit of finding truth through practice is truly 14 . Even though he faced many challenges, Galileo never stopped exploring and asking questions. What’s more, his work helped us understand the universe better and 15 many scientists who came after him. 1．A．if B．while C．or D．because 2．A．poor B．large C．spare D．rich 3．A．changed B．separated C．kept D．started 4．A．teacher B．judge C．tourist D．pioneer 5．A．talents B．discoveries C．services D．designs 6．A．direction B．speed C．surface D．model 7．A．boring B．important C．interesting D．personal 8．A．give up B．take up C．sign up D．stay up 9．A．agree B．pretend C．pick D．spread 10．A．he B．we C．they D．she 11．A．prove B．guess C．record D．consider 12．A．programs B．activities C．objects D．messages 13．A．quite B．nearly C．least D．even 14．A．magical B．changeable C．admirable D．common 15．A．refused B．inspired C．invited D．warned 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A Over the past decades (数十年), many people have made great contributions (贡献) to our country’s development, helping it grow through their hard work. They are national heroes. Now let’s learn about four of them. Yu Min, 1926～2019 Nuclear (核) physicist On 17 June, 1967, China set off its first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). It took only 32 months to go from its first atom bomb (原子弹) to its first hydrogen bomb. As a nuclear physicist, Yu Min played an important role in this process. The theories and models he created were key to the successful test. Zhang Fuqing, 1924～2022 War veteran (老兵) Zhang was a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army (人民解放军) during the Liberation War. He was twice awarded (被授予) the title of Combat (战斗) Hero. In 1955, he volunteered to work in a remote (偏远的) county (县) in Hubei Province and had been helping poor people there ever since. Yuan Longping, 1930～2021 “Father of Hybrid Rice” Yuan Longping devoted himself to agricultural education and research. He is the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain (杂交水稻品种). His research on higher rice yields (产量) helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world. Tu Youyou, 1930～ Medical scientist Tu Youyou is a great medical scientist. She discovered artemisinin (青蒿素). It can be used to treat patients with malaria (疟疾). She won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2015. She saves millions of people’s lives around the world. 16．Who is Yu Min? A．A medical scientist. B．“Father of Hybrid Rice”. C．A war veteran. D．A nuclear physicist. 17．About Zhang Fuqing, which of the following is TRUE ? A．He is still a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army now. B．He went to work in a remote county in 1954. C．He got the title of Combat Hero twice. D．He helped poor children in Hubei only. 18．Why is Yuan Longping known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”? A．Because he was the father of hybrid rice. B．Because he found hybrid rice by accident. C．Because he bought lots of hybrid rice. D．Because he was the first to develop a hybrid rice strain. 19．What did Tu Youyou discover? A．Hydrogen bomb. B．Artemisinin. C．Hybrid rice. D．Atom bomb. 20．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce some great national heroes in China. B．To tell us how to win the Nobel Prize. C．To show the history of China’s bombs. D．To talk about ways to end hunger. B Zhu Kezhen is certainly one of the most famous scientists in China. Zhu was born in 1890. He could read when he was 2 years old. From the story of Dripping (滴下) Water Wears Through a Stone, he learned that perseverance (坚持) is the key to success. In 1910, Zhu went to study agriculture (农业) in the US. Then in 1913, he went to Harvard University to study meteorology (气象) . And five years later, he returned to China. In the following ten years, Zhu spent his time on meteorological work in the country. It was Zhu’s dream to serve our nation with what he had learned. In the autumn of 1936, Zhu served as the president (校长) of Zhejiang University. At an opening ceremony (典礼) , he asked new students two questions: “First, what are you doing here? Second, what kind of person will you become after finishing your schoolwork?” Later, he also gave a speech on the spirit of looking for the truth and a strict scientific attitude (态度). Zhu perceived himself as “a rustless screw (永不生锈的螺丝钉) ”. His life is about finding the truth and learning new things. “A rustless screw” usually describes a positive person. He or she works really hard for the country, though there are many difficulties and challenges. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 21．What did Zhu Kezhen study in 1910? A．History. B．Meteorology. C．Agriculture. D．Universe. 22．When did Zhu Kezhen serve as the president of Zhejiang University? A．In the autumn of 1936． B．In the spring of 1913． C．In the summer of 1928． D．In the winter of 1910． 23．Which can replace (取代) the underlined word “perceived” in the text? A．Warned. B．Considered. C．Refused. D．Forced. 24．What is the main idea of the text? A．The scientist Zhu Kezhen’s life and spirit. B．The history of Zhejiang University. C．A story of an opening ceremony. D．Why meteorology is important for agriculture. 25．What does the phrase “a rustless screw” imply (暗示) about Zhu Kezhen? A．He wanted to become a famous engineer. B．He always exercised and never got sick. C．He liked collecting clothes to help children in need. D．He loved his country and worked hard for it. C ①Tang Aoqing was born in 1915 in Yixing, Jiangsu Province. He is known as the “Father of Chinese Quantum (量子) Chemistry”. ②Tang Aoqing attended primary school and middle school in his hometown before entering Wuxi Normal School. His family was not rich, but they strongly supported his education. ③In 1936, Tang began to study chemistry in Peking University (北京大学), but he had to stop his studies for a while because of the war. Later he continued at National Southwestern Associated University (西南联大) after the university moved south. Even though the conditions were difficult, Tang worked hard and became a teacher after graduation (毕业). In 1946, Tang went to New York and studied in Columbia University. He could have stayed in the US, but he chose to return to China in 1950 to help build his country. ④In 1952, Tang went to Northeast People’s University (now Jilin University) to create a new chemistry department (系). There he faced many challenges but worked tirelessly. He believed that teaching and doing research should go together. Under his leadership, Jilin University became famous in China for both education and research. Tang sent students and teachers abroad to study, opening the door for Jilin University to engage with the world. In return, it made the world know more about China. ⑤Tang Aoqing did many studies in key fields of chemistry. He led research in quantum chemistry and trained many scientists. His work won him several top science prizes. Tang Aoqing’s great achievements in science and education had a lasting influence on China and the world. 26．Where did Tang Aoqing study before entering Wuxi Normal School? A．In New York. B．In Changchun. C．In Beijing. D．In Yixing. 27．When did Tang begin to study chemistry in Peking University? A．In 1915. B．In 1936. C．In 1950. D．In 1952. 28．What does the underlined word “engage” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Connect. B．Separate. C．Live. D．Break. 29．Which best shows the structure of the passage? A． B．C．D． 30．What is probably the best title for this passage? A．The Father of Chinese Quantum Chemistry B．China’s Development of Chemistry Education C．Jilin University, the Best Place to Learn Chemistry D．A Great Scientist’s Journey to Change the World 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Thomas Edison is one of the most famous inventors in history. 31 He was not a good student at school, and his teacher once said he was “too stupid to learn anything.” However, his mother believed in him and taught him at home. Edison’s curiosity was endless. 32 He once said, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” His most famous invention was the electric light bulb, which changed the world forever. For Edison, hard work was more important than talent. 33 He often worked for hours without rest. It was common for him to sleep only a few hours a night. It was his persistence that led to his success. Edison also believed in teamwork. 34 He had a team of talented assistants at his laboratory in Menlo Park. Together, they created many inventions that improved people’s lives. It is true that Edison’s inventions have made our lives much easier. 35 “ Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration,” he said. His words continue to inspire people to work hard and never give up. A．He tried thousands of times before he succeeded. B．He encouraged his team to work together and share ideas. C．He is remembered not only for his inventions but also for his strong work ethic (工作准则). D．He was often seen as a failure in his early years. E．He was known for his unbelievable patience and determination (决心). F．He was born in 1847 in the United States. 三、短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 this from family father if success both away return good Qian Xuesen was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province on December 11, 1911. After he graduated 36 Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he traveled across the Pacific Ocean to the United States for further study. There he received his Ph.D．degrees in 37 aerospace and mathematics. After graduation, he became a teacher as 38 as a researcher who studied rockets and missile theories. He made important contributions to the missile and space programs in China. When he 39 to his motherland in 1955, the country’s space research was almost a blank. In 1956, he set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles. From then on, he was in charge of developing China’s missile, rocket and spacecraft research programs. He was a pioneer in 40 related fields and was honored as “The 41 of China’s Missiles.” He is the pride of the Chinese people. He passed 42 on October 31, 2009, but he is a man who still encourages Chinese youth. His devotion to his country was expressed in his saying, “My career is in China, my 43 is in China and my destination is in China!” When someone said he could make much more money 44 he stayed in the United States, he laughed and said, “My 45 name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.” 四、读写结合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，满分10分） 阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。 Confucius (Kongzi) has made the greatest contribution (贡献) to Chinese culture in history and is thought to be the most famous teacher in China. Born in 551 BC in a poor family, Confucius didn’t get much education. However, he visited famous scholars and learned a lot. Later, he developed his thoughts into a system known as Confucianism. Lunyu, one of the most popular books in China, shows his life and thoughts. Confucianism encourages people to have a good relationship with each other and respect old people. Friends should be honest to each other. Rulers (统治者) should make an effort to provide a happy life for people. He was a great teacher as well and welcomed ordinary people to get education. It’s said that he had more than 3,000 students, including Yan Hui and Zhong You. Confucius is a great Chinese spiritual (精神) leader. Over the last 2,000 years, Confucianism has continued to influence China and the rest of the world. It is also regarded as the symbol of Chinese culture. 1. When was Confucius born? 46 .（5个词以内） 2. What’s Lunyu mainly about? 47 .（10个词以内） 3&4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Confucius’s contribution to Chinese culture Confucianism ★People should get on well with each other and respect old people. ★Friends should 48 each other.（3个词以内） ★Rulers should be kind to people. Education ★He welcomed ordinary people to 49 .（仅填2个词） ★He had more than 3,000 students. 5. What’s your understanding of “Confucius is a great Chinese spiritual leader”? Use your own words. 50 .（20个词以内） 第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分） 51．某英文网站正在开展以 “重要的人，成长的光” 为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，介绍一位对你产生积极影响的人，并讲述在日常生活中他/她是如何影响你的。 内容提示： 1. Who inspires you the most? 2. How does he/she influence you? 注意： 1. 短文须包含以上所有提示，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名； 3. 词数80左右。开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 The Person Who Lights Up My Growth I have met many people in my life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 《Unit2单元测试卷》参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B D A D B C B A D C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 A C A C B D C D B A 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 C A B A D D B A C A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 D A E B C 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．B 完形填空。 【导语】本文介绍伽利略的生平与科学成就。 【详解】1．句意：他的父亲教授音乐，而他的母亲在家照顾孩子们。 根据前后两个分句分别介绍父母各自做的事情，while意为“而”，用于对比两件事情，符合语境。if“如果”、or“或者”、because“因为”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：这个家庭并不富裕，但伽利略的父母还是出钱供他上学。 but表示转折，虽然家庭条件不好，但仍然供他上学，rich意为“富有的”，not rich就是“不富裕”，符合语境。poor“贫穷的”、large“大的”、spare“备用的”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：起初，伽利略计划成为一名医生，但是他改变了想法。 根据后文“He liked a different kind of science—physics.”可知他放弃了当医生的计划，change one’s mind是固定搭配，changed意为“改变”，符合语境。separated“分离”、kept“保持”、started“开始”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：伽利略·伽利莱，科学界的一位先驱，是第一个通过望远镜观测到许多事物的人。 根据后文他的诸多科学发现，pioneer意为“先驱”，符合语境。teacher“老师”、judge“裁判”、tourist“游客”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：借助他的望远镜，他取得了许多惊人的发现。 后文“For example, he discovered that the moon has mountains and craters on its surface”举例他的发现，discoveries意为“发现”，符合语境。talents“天赋”、services“服务”、designs“设计”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：例如，他发现月球表面有山脉和坑，就像地球一样。 根据常识，山脉和坑是在月球表面，surface意为“表面”，符合语境。direction“方向”、speed“速度”、model“模型”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：伽利略最重要的观点之一是地球围绕太阳转动。 根据后文介绍，这个观点在当时很新颖，对科学影响重大，important意为“重要的”，符合语境。boring“无聊的”、interesting“有趣的”、personal“个人的”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：虽然几乎没有人相信他，但他没有放弃。 Although引导让步状语从句，很少人相信他，但是他没有放弃，give up意为“放弃”，符合语境。take up“开始从事”、sign up“报名”、stay up“熬夜”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：即使面对许多困难，他也尽全力传播自己的观点。 根据原句“He tried his best to … his ideas, even when he was faced with many difficulties.”，结合语境，他努力让更多人知道自己的想法，spread意为“传播”，符合语境。agree“同意”、pretend“假装”、pick“挑选”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：事实上，一些人感到非常不满，因为他们认为地球是宇宙的中心。 根据原句“In fact, some people felt very upset because … thought the earth was the center of the universe.”，代词指代前面的some people，they意为“他们”，符合语境。he“他”、we“我们”、she“她”，均不符合语境。 11．句意：但是伽利略继续研究，证明他是正确的。 根据原句“But Galileo kept studying to … that he was right.”，可知不断做研究的目的是证实自己的观点正确，prove意为“证明”，符合语境。guess“猜测”、record“记录”、consider“考虑”，均不符合语境。 12．句意：他用小球从斜坡滚落做实验，发现物体无论多重，都以相同的加速度下落。 根据原句“He did experiments with balls rolling down slopes and found that…fall with the same acceleration, no matter how heavy they are.”，可知实验研究的是物体下落规律，objects意为“物体”，符合语境。programs“程序”、activities“活动”、messages“信息”，均不符合语境。 13．句意：这在物理学上是一项相当重要的发现！ 根据原句“It was…an important discovery in physics!”，quite用来修饰名词短语quite an important discovery，意为“相当”，符合语境。nearly“几乎”、least“最少”、even“甚至”，均不符合语境。 14．句意：这种通过实践寻找真理的精神确实令人敬佩。 结合句意，这种求真精神值得敬佩，admirable意为“令人敬佩的”，符合语境。magical“神奇的”、changeable“可变的”、common“普通的”，均不符合语境。 15．句意：而且，他的研究帮助我们更好地理解宇宙，并且激励了许多后世的科学家。 根据原句“What’s more, his work helped us understand the universe better and … many scientists who came after him.”，可知伽利略的成果鼓舞后来的科研者，inspired意为“激励”，符合语境。refused“拒绝”、invited“邀请”、warned“警告”，均不符合语境。 阅读理解 第一节：A篇：16．D 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四位为国家发展做出巨大贡献的民族英雄：核物理学家于敏、老兵张富清、“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平和医药学家屠呦呦，分别讲述了他们各自的杰出贡献。 【详解】16．细节理解题。根据“Yu Min, 1926~2019, Nuclear physicist”以及“As a nuclear physicist, Yu Min played an important role in this process”可知，于敏是一位核物理学家。 17．细节理解题。根据“He was twice awarded the title of Combat Hero”可知，张富清两次被授予战斗英雄称号。 18．细节理解题。根据“He is the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain”可知，袁隆平是世界上第一个培育出杂交水稻品种的人，因此被称为“杂交水稻之父”。 19．细节理解题。根据“She discovered artemisinin”可知，屠呦呦发现了青蒿素。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章分别介绍了于敏、张富清、袁隆平和屠呦呦四位民族英雄及其贡献，目的是介绍中国的一些伟大的民族英雄。 B篇：21．C 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了著名科学家竺可桢的生平经历、求学过程、任职浙江大学校长以及他“永不生锈的螺丝钉”的精神。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 1910, Zhu went to study agriculture ( 农业 ) in the US.”可推知，1910年竺可桢在美国学习的是农业。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the antumn of 1936, Zhu served as the president ( 校长 ) of Zhejiang University.”可推知，他担任浙江大学校长的时间是1936年秋天。 23．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“Zhu perceived himself as ‘a rustless screw ( 永不生锈的螺丝钉 ) ’”可推知，此处指他把自己看作或认为是一颗螺丝钉，Considered意为“认为”，符合语境逻辑。 24．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章贯穿了竺可桢的出生、求学、工作及精神理念，可推知本文主要讲述了科学家竺可桢的生平和精神。 25．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He or she works really hard for the country, though there are many difficulties and challenges.”可推知，“永不生锈的螺丝钉”暗示了他热爱祖国并为之努力工作。 C篇：26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．A 【导语】本文介绍了“中国量子化学之父”唐敖庆的生平经历、教育与科研成就，以及他对中国和世界产生的深远影响。 【详解】26．根据文章第②段“Tang Aoqing attended primary school and middle school in his hometown before entering Wuxi Normal School.”，结合第①段提到唐敖庆出生于江苏宜兴，结合第②段hometown可知家乡为宜兴，通过以上两点可知他进入无锡师范前在家乡宜兴上学。 27．根据文章第③段“In 1936, Tang began to study chemistry in Peking University”可知唐敖庆1936年开始在北京大学学习化学。 28．根据文章第④段“Tang sent students and teachers abroad to study, opening the door for Jilin University to engage with the world. In return, it made the world know more about China.”，派师生出国学习的作用是让吉林大学和世界建立联系、增进交流，因此“engage”的含义与“Connect”相近。 29．文章第①段总起，介绍唐敖庆的身份与称号；第②③④段按时间顺序，分别介绍了唐敖庆的早年求学经历、大学与留学经历、归国后建设吉林大学化学系的贡献，属于分述部分；第⑤段总结唐敖庆的科研与教育成就及深远影响。全文为“总—分—总”结构，与选项C的结构图匹配。 30．全文围绕“中国量子化学之父”唐敖庆展开，介绍他的生平与贡献，“The Father of Chinese Quantum Chemistry”直接点明核心人物的身份，最适合作为文章标题。 第二节 ：31．D 32．A 33．E 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍发明家爱迪生，讲述他早年求学经历、好奇心、坚持不懈的品质、团队合作理念以及名言带给人们的激励。 【详解】31．前文介绍爱迪生是史上最著名发明家之一，后文讲述他在校成绩不好，老师认为他太笨学不会东西。选项D“He was often seen as a failure in his early years.”表示他早年常常被看作失败者，引出下文在校的糟糕经历，符合语境逻辑。 32．前文提到爱迪生拥有无穷的好奇心，后文引用他的话：我没有失败，只是找到了一万种行不通的方法。选项A“He tried thousands of times before he succeeded.”表示他在成功之前尝试了成千上万次，承接后文他面对失败的观点，衔接自然。 33．本段主题是对爱迪生来说努力比天赋更重要，后文写他常常连续工作数小时不休息，每晚只睡几小时。选项E“He was known for his unbelievable patience and determination.”表示他以惊人的耐心和坚定意志闻名，进一步阐释主题，契合上下文。 34．前文提到爱迪生也相信团队合作，后文说他在实验室里有一支有才华的助手团队。选项B“He encouraged his team to work together and share ideas.”表示他鼓励团队协作、分享想法，解释了他的团队理念，与前后文呼应。 35．前文说爱迪生的发明确实让我们的生活便利很多，后文引用他的名言“天才是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水”。选项C“He is remembered not only for his inventions but also for his strong work ethic.”表示人们记住他不仅因为他的发明，还因为他坚定的工作信念，承上启下，引出名言。 四、读写结合 第一节：36．from 37．both 38．well 39．returned 40．these 41．Father 42．away 43．success 44．if 45．family 【导语】本文主要介绍了被誉为“中国导弹之父”的钱学森，他放弃了美国优越的环境，毅然回国，为中国的导弹和航天事业做出了重要贡献，他是中国人民的骄傲。 【详解】36．句意：1934年，他从上海交通大学毕业后，横渡太平洋前往美国深造。此处需要一个介词，与“graduated”搭配构成固定短语，表示“从……毕业”。根据“After he graduated...Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934”，可知是从该校毕业，所以选择from。 37．句意：他在那里获得了航空和数学的博士学位。此处需要一个形容词作定语，根据“aerospace and mathematics”，可知表示“两者都”，所以选择both。 38．句意：毕业后，他既是一名教师，也是一名研究火箭和导弹理论的研究员。此处需要一个副词，与“as”搭配表示“也，和”。根据“he became a teacher as...as a researcher”，可知他既是教师也是研究员，所以选择good的变形形式well。 39．句意：1955年，当他返回祖国时，国家的太空研究几乎一片空白。此处需要一个动词作谓语，根据“When he...to his motherland in 1955”，可知是返回祖国，所以选择return的过去式returned。 40．句意：他是这些相关领域的先驱，并被授予“中国导弹之父”的称号。此处需要一个代词作定语，根据“He was a pioneer in... related fields”，可知是这些领域，所以选择this的复数形式these。 41．句意：他被授予“中国导弹之父”的称号。此处需要一个名词作介词“of”的宾语，根据“was honored as ‘The...of China’s Missiles.’”，可知是“之父”，所以选择Father，首字母需大写。 42．句意：他于2009年10月31日去世，但他是一个仍然鼓励中国青年的人。此处需要一个副词，与“passed”搭配表示“去世”。根据“He passed... on October 31, 2009”，可知是去世，所以选择away。 43．句意：我的事业在中国，我的成功在中国，我的目的地在中国！此处需要一个名词作主语，根据“My career is in China, my...is in China and my destination is in China!”，可知是“成功”，所以选择success。 44．句意：当有人对他说，如果他留在美国可以赚更多的钱时。此处需要一个连词引导条件状语从句。根据“When someone said he could make much more money...he stayed in the United States”，可知是如果他留在美国，所以选择if。 45．句意：我的姓是钱，但我不喜欢钱。此处需要一个名词作定语，根据“My...name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.”，可知是我的姓，所以选择family。 46．In 551 BC. 47．Confucius’s life and thoughts. 48．be honest to 49．get education 50．Confucius’s thoughts have influenced Chinese culture over 2000 years. (言之有理即可得分) 第二节：【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代思想家、教育家孔子的生平经历、儒家学说的核心主张、《论语》展示的内容以及他对中国文化发展的深远影响。 【详解】46．第二段首句明确指出了孔子出生的时间：“Born in 551 BC in a poor family…”，属于具体时间事实信息，可直接提取作答。 47．第二段末句明确指出了《论语》所记录的核心内容：“Lunyu.…shows his life and thoughts.”，其中his指代孔子，结合不超过10个词的要求，提取名词短语作答。 48．第三段第二句明确指出了朋友相处的原则：“Friends should be honest to each other.”，比对表格所给结构，情态动词should后需接动词原形，结合不超过3个词的要求，直接提取短语作答。 49．第四段首句明确说明了他在教育普及上的主张与做法：“welcomed ordinary people to get education”，比对表格已知信息，不定式符号to后接动词原形短语，严格按照填2个词的要求提取作答。 50．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。观点需基于文中事实，结合第五段提到的“Confucianism has continued to influence China and the rest of the world”等内容，从其思想对中国文化两千多年的深远影响等角度概括说明理解，词数控制在20词以内，言之有理即可。 第三节：51．例文 The Person Who Lights Up My Growth I have met many people in my life. The person who inspires me most is my mother. She is patient and never gives up when meeting trouble. Once I failed an important exam and wanted to give up studying. She encouraged me to keep trying instead of blaming me. She told me that progress matters more than scores. From her, I learn to be brave and keep working hard. Whenever I face difficulties, her words push me forward. She is the light in my growth. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：人物记叙文，以一般现在时为主，叙事部分用一般过去时 明确要点：介绍点亮自己成长的人（妈妈），人物品质、相关事例、对自己的影响 确定人称：第一人称(I/my) 注意事项：选取典型小事，紧扣主题“lights up my growth”，不要泄露个人真实信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起，引出写作对象——妈妈是激励自己最多的人 主体段：描写妈妈的性格品质，用一次考试失利的具体事例进行支撑 结尾段：写从妈妈身上学到的品质，点明主旨，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍人物 人物选择：mother/mom等 人物品质：patient/never gives up when meeting trouble/strong-willed/never gives up when meeting difficulties等 要点二：具体事例 事件背景：failed an important exam/wanted to give up studying/didn’t pass an important exam/didn’t want to continue to study等 人物做法：encouraged me instead of blaming me/told me progress matters more than scores/told me scores were not as important as progress等 要点三：人物带给我的影响 学到的品质：be brave and keep working hard/face trouble bravely in our life等 作用效果：Her words push me forward./She is the light in my growth./She always raises me up when I am down.等 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit2单元测试卷（湖北专用） 笔试部分（共90分） 一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa, Italy, in 1564. His father taught music 1 his mother cared for the kids at home. The family was not 2 , but Galileo’s parents paid for him to go to school. At first, Galileo planned to become a doctor, but he 3 his mind. He liked a different kind of science—physics. Galileo Galilei, a 4 in science, was the first person to see many things through a telescope. With his telescope, he made many amazing 5 . For example, he discovered that the moon has mountains and craters (坑) on its 6 , just like the earth. He also found that four big moons go around Jupiter. Now, these moons are called the Galilean moons. One of Galileo’s most 7 ideas was that the earth moves around the sun. This idea was very new at that time. Although few people believed him, he didn’t 8 . He tried his best to 9 his ideas, even when he was faced with many difficulties. In fact, some people felt very upset because 10 thought the earth was the center of the universe (宇宙). But Galileo kept studying to 11 that he was right. Besides, Galileo also studied how things move. He did experiments (实验) with balls rolling down slopes (斜坡) and found that 12 fall with the same acceleration (加速), no matter how heavy they are. It was 13 an important discovery in physics! This spirit of finding truth through practice is truly 14 . Even though he faced many challenges, Galileo never stopped exploring and asking questions. What’s more, his work helped us understand the universe better and 15 many scientists who came after him. 1．A．if B．while C．or D．because 2．A．poor B．large C．spare D．rich 3．A．changed B．separated C．kept D．started 4．A．teacher B．judge C．tourist D．pioneer 5．A．talents B．discoveries C．services D．designs 6．A．direction B．speed C．surface D．model 7．A．boring B．important C．interesting D．personal 8．A．give up B．take up C．sign up D．stay up 9．A．agree B．pretend C．pick D．spread 10．A．he B．we C．they D．she 11．A．prove B．guess C．record D．consider 12．A．programs B．activities C．objects D．messages 13．A．quite B．nearly C．least D．even 14．A．magical B．changeable C．admirable D．common 15．A．refused B．inspired C．invited D．warned 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A Over the past decades (数十年), many people have made great contributions (贡献) to our country’s development, helping it grow through their hard work. They are national heroes. Now let’s learn about four of them. Yu Min, 1926～2019 Nuclear (核) physicist On 17 June, 1967, China set off its first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). It took only 32 months to go from its first atom bomb (原子弹) to its first hydrogen bomb. As a nuclear physicist, Yu Min played an important role in this process. The theories and models he created were key to the successful test. Zhang Fuqing, 1924～2022 War veteran (老兵) Zhang was a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army (人民解放军) during the Liberation War. He was twice awarded (被授予) the title of Combat (战斗) Hero. In 1955, he volunteered to work in a remote (偏远的) county (县) in Hubei Province and had been helping poor people there ever since. Yuan Longping, 1930～2021 “Father of Hybrid Rice” Yuan Longping devoted himself to agricultural education and research. He is the first person in the world to develop a hybrid rice strain (杂交水稻品种). His research on higher rice yields (产量) helps fight hunger in China and other parts of the world. Tu Youyou, 1930～ Medical scientist Tu Youyou is a great medical scientist. She discovered artemisinin (青蒿素). It can be used to treat patients with malaria (疟疾). She won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2015. She saves millions of people’s lives around the world. 16．Who is Yu Min? A．A medical scientist. B．“Father of Hybrid Rice”. C．A war veteran. D．A nuclear physicist. 17．About Zhang Fuqing, which of the following is TRUE ? A．He is still a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army now. B．He went to work in a remote county in 1954. C．He got the title of Combat Hero twice. D．He helped poor children in Hubei only. 18．Why is Yuan Longping known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”? A．Because he was the father of hybrid rice. B．Because he found hybrid rice by accident. C．Because he bought lots of hybrid rice. D．Because he was the first to develop a hybrid rice strain. 19．What did Tu Youyou discover? A．Hydrogen bomb. B．Artemisinin. C．Hybrid rice. D．Atom bomb. 20．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To introduce some great national heroes in China. B．To tell us how to win the Nobel Prize. C．To show the history of China’s bombs. D．To talk about ways to end hunger. B Zhu Kezhen is certainly one of the most famous scientists in China. Zhu was born in 1890. He could read when he was 2 years old. From the story of Dripping (滴下) Water Wears Through a Stone, he learned that perseverance (坚持) is the key to success. In 1910, Zhu went to study agriculture (农业) in the US. Then in 1913, he went to Harvard University to study meteorology (气象) . And five years later, he returned to China. In the following ten years, Zhu spent his time on meteorological work in the country. It was Zhu’s dream to serve our nation with what he had learned. In the autumn of 1936, Zhu served as the president (校长) of Zhejiang University. At an opening ceremony (典礼) , he asked new students two questions: “First, what are you doing here? Second, what kind of person will you become after finishing your schoolwork?” Later, he also gave a speech on the spirit of looking for the truth and a strict scientific attitude (态度). Zhu perceived himself as “a rustless screw (永不生锈的螺丝钉) ”. His life is about finding the truth and learning new things. “A rustless screw” usually describes a positive person. He or she works really hard for the country, though there are many difficulties and challenges. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 21．What did Zhu Kezhen study in 1910? A．History. B．Meteorology. C．Agriculture. D．Universe. 22．When did Zhu Kezhen serve as the president of Zhejiang University? A．In the autumn of 1936． B．In the spring of 1913． C．In the summer of 1928． D．In the winter of 1910． 23．Which can replace (取代) the underlined word “perceived” in the text? A．Warned. B．Considered. C．Refused. D．Forced. 24．What is the main idea of the text? A．The scientist Zhu Kezhen’s life and spirit. B．The history of Zhejiang University. C．A story of an opening ceremony. D．Why meteorology is important for agriculture. 25．What does the phrase “a rustless screw” imply (暗示) about Zhu Kezhen? A．He wanted to become a famous engineer. B．He always exercised and never got sick. C．He liked collecting clothes to help children in need. D．He loved his country and worked hard for it. C ①Tang Aoqing was born in 1915 in Yixing, Jiangsu Province. He is known as the “Father of Chinese Quantum (量子) Chemistry”. ②Tang Aoqing attended primary school and middle school in his hometown before entering Wuxi Normal School. His family was not rich, but they strongly supported his education. ③In 1936, Tang began to study chemistry in Peking University (北京大学), but he had to stop his studies for a while because of the war. Later he continued at National Southwestern Associated University (西南联大) after the university moved south. Even though the conditions were difficult, Tang worked hard and became a teacher after graduation (毕业). In 1946, Tang went to New York and studied in Columbia University. He could have stayed in the US, but he chose to return to China in 1950 to help build his country. ④In 1952, Tang went to Northeast People’s University (now Jilin University) to create a new chemistry department (系). There he faced many challenges but worked tirelessly. He believed that teaching and doing research should go together. Under his leadership, Jilin University became famous in China for both education and research. Tang sent students and teachers abroad to study, opening the door for Jilin University to engage with the world. In return, it made the world know more about China. ⑤Tang Aoqing did many studies in key fields of chemistry. He led research in quantum chemistry and trained many scientists. His work won him several top science prizes. Tang Aoqing’s great achievements in science and education had a lasting influence on China and the world. 26．Where did Tang Aoqing study before entering Wuxi Normal School? A．In New York. B．In Changchun. C．In Beijing. D．In Yixing. 27．When did Tang begin to study chemistry in Peking University? A．In 1915. B．In 1936. C．In 1950. D．In 1952. 28．What does the underlined word “engage” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Connect. B．Separate. C．Live. D．Break. 29．Which best shows the structure of the passage? A． B．C．D． 30．What is probably the best title for this passage? A．The Father of Chinese Quantum Chemistry B．China’s Development of Chemistry Education C．Jilin University, the Best Place to Learn Chemistry D．A Great Scientist’s Journey to Change the World 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） Thomas Edison is one of the most famous inventors in history. 31 He was not a good student at school, and his teacher once said he was “too stupid to learn anything.” However, his mother believed in him and taught him at home. Edison’s curiosity was endless. 32 He once said, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” His most famous invention was the electric light bulb, which changed the world forever. For Edison, hard work was more important than talent. 33 He often worked for hours without rest. It was common for him to sleep only a few hours a night. It was his persistence that led to his success. Edison also believed in teamwork. 34 He had a team of talented assistants at his laboratory in Menlo Park. Together, they created many inventions that improved people’s lives. It is true that Edison’s inventions have made our lives much easier. 35 “ Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration,” he said. His words continue to inspire people to work hard and never give up. A．He tried thousands of times before he succeeded. B．He encouraged his team to work together and share ideas. C．He is remembered not only for his inventions but also for his strong work ethic (工作准则). D．He was often seen as a failure in his early years. E．He was known for his unbelievable patience and determination (决心). F．He was born in 1847 in the United States. 三、短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 this from family father if success both away return good Qian Xuesen was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province on December 11, 1911. After he graduated 36 Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he traveled across the Pacific Ocean to the United States for further study. There he received his Ph.D．degrees in 37 aerospace and mathematics. After graduation, he became a teacher as 38 as a researcher who studied rockets and missile theories. He made important contributions to the missile and space programs in China. When he 39 to his motherland in 1955, the country’s space research was almost a blank. In 1956, he set up the first research institute of rockets and missiles. From then on, he was in charge of developing China’s missile, rocket and spacecraft research programs. He was a pioneer in 40 related fields and was honored as “The 41 of China’s Missiles.” He is the pride of the Chinese people. He passed 42 on October 31, 2009, but he is a man who still encourages Chinese youth. His devotion to his country was expressed in his saying, “My career is in China, my 43 is in China and my destination is in China!” When someone said he could make much more money 44 he stayed in the United States, he laughed and said, “My 45 name is Qian, but I don’t like qian.” 四、读写结合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，满分10分） 阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。 Confucius (Kongzi) has made the greatest contribution (贡献) to Chinese culture in history and is thought to be the most famous teacher in China. Born in 551 BC in a poor family, Confucius didn’t get much education. However, he visited famous scholars and learned a lot. Later, he developed his thoughts into a system known as Confucianism. Lunyu, one of the most popular books in China, shows his life and thoughts. Confucianism encourages people to have a good relationship with each other and respect old people. Friends should be honest to each other. Rulers (统治者) should make an effort to provide a happy life for people. He was a great teacher as well and welcomed ordinary people to get education. It’s said that he had more than 3,000 students, including Yan Hui and Zhong You. Confucius is a great Chinese spiritual (精神) leader. Over the last 2,000 years, Confucianism has continued to influence China and the rest of the world. It is also regarded as the symbol of Chinese culture. 1. When was Confucius born? 46 .（5个词以内） 2. What’s Lunyu mainly about? 47 .（10个词以内） 3&4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Confucius’s contribution to Chinese culture Confucianism ★People should get on well with each other and respect old people. ★Friends should 48 each other.（3个词以内） ★Rulers should be kind to people. Education ★He welcomed ordinary people to 49 .（仅填2个词） ★He had more than 3,000 students. 5. What’s your understanding of “Confucius is a great Chinese spiritual leader”? Use your own words. 50 .（20个词以内） 第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分） 51．某英文网站正在开展以 “重要的人，成长的光” 为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，介绍一位对你产生积极影响的人，并讲述在日常生活中他/她是如何影响你的。 内容提示： 1. Who inspires you the most? 2. How does he/she influence you? 注意： 1. 短文须包含以上所有提示，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名； 3. 词数80左右。开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 The Person Who Lights Up My Growth I have met many people in my life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $