专题03 高频考点介词、动词（复习讲义）（江苏专用）2027年春季高考英语

专题03 介词、动词 内容导航 命题分析与考情透视 1 知识网络梳理 2 考核心考点精讲 3 考点一：时间介词in/on/at（重点） 3 考点二：地点介词与易混介词辨析（重点） 5 考点三：动词词义辨析与系动词（重点） 6 考点四：动词短语与介词搭配 7 实战演练 8 考试要求 介词和动词是江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语语法填空、完形填空的重要考点。近五年江苏合格考中，介词考查集中在时间介词、地点介词的语境选用及固定搭配中的介词，动词则侧重动词词义辨析、动词短语的运用及谓语动词的基本形式。合格考命题强调在真实语境中运用基础词汇与语法，话题多涉及科技创新、健康生活、校园活动与文化传承等。 命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 介词 5年3考 时间介词、地点介词及固定搭配中的介词 预测2026年在语法填空、完形填空中继续考查介词的语境选用 动词 5年4考 动词词义辨析、动词短语及谓语动词的基本形式 预测2026年在完形填空中重点考查动词辨析与动词短语 介词和动词是英语运用的基石，也是江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试的高频考点，核心考查方向包括时间与地点介词的选用、易混介词辨析、动词词义辨析、系动词的用法及动词短语的搭配等。 知识点1 介词分类解析 介词不能单独使用，须与名词、代词或动名词连用构成介词短语，在句中作状语、定语或表语。介词的选择取决于时间、地点、方式、原因等语境关系。 ①时间介词 in用于年份、月份、季节和较长时段（in 2026，in May，in spring）；on用于具体某一天或某天的上下午（on Monday，on May 1st，on a cold morning）；at用于具体时刻（at 7:00，at noon）。 ②地点方位介词 in表示“在……里面或范围内”；on表示“在……表面上”；at表示“在……某一点”。如：in the room（在房间里）；on the desk（在桌上）；at the bus stop（在公交车站）。 ③方式与其他介词 by表示方式或手段（by bus，by email）；with表示“用（工具）”或“带有”（with a knife，a girl with long hair）；in表示“用（语言、材料）”（in English，in red）；for表示目的或对象（for you，for example）。 ④固定搭配中的介词 at once（立刻）；in the end（最后）；on time（准时）；be good at（擅长）；be interested in（对……感兴趣）；be famous for（因……而闻名）；listen to（听）；look after（照顾）；wait for（等待）。 知识点2 动词分类解析 动词是表示动作或状态的词，是句子的核心。按功能可分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类（情态动词的用法见专题05）。语法填空和完形填空常考动词词义辨析与动词的基本形式。 ①实义动词 及物动词后必须接宾语（buy a book，enjoy music）；不及物动词后不接宾语（arrive，listen），若要接宾语须先加介词（arrive at，listen to）。 ②系动词 be动词后接形容词或名词作表语；感官系动词look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）、smell（闻起来）、feel（摸起来）；变化系动词become、get、turn、grow；保持系动词keep、stay。 ③助动词 be构成进行时态和被动语态（is reading，is made）；do构成疑问句、否定句和强调（Do you like it?）；have/has/had构成完成时（have finished）；will/shall构成将来时（will come）。 ④易混动词 rise（升起，不及物）与raise（举起，及物）；lie（躺；撒谎）与lay（放置，及物）；borrow（借入）与lend（借出）；reach（到达，及物）与arrive（到达，不及物）。 知识点3 动词短语与介词搭配 ①动词+介词 listen to（听）；look at（看）；wait for（等待）；belong to（属于）；depend on（依靠）；agree with（同意某人的看法）；arrive at/in（到达）。如：Please listen to the teacher carefully.（请认真听老师讲课。） ②动词+副词短语 set up（建立）；give up（放弃）；put off（推迟）；turn on/off（打开/关掉）；pick up（捡起；接某人）；take off（脱下；起飞）；look after（照顾）；hand in（上交）。 ③动词+名词+介词 take care of（照顾）；take part in（参加）；pay attention to（注意）；make use of（利用）；catch sight of（看见）。注意：此类短语中的to为介词时后接动名词，如look forward to doing sth.（期待做某事）。 必记结论：不及物动词不能直接接宾语，须先加介词（listen to the music）；系动词后接形容词而不接副词（look beautiful，sound nice）；be made of表示“由……制成”（能看出原料），be made from表示“由……制成”（看不出原料）。 ⚠️避坑指南 ❌ 时间介词混淆：in/on/at的选择看时段长短与是否具体。如：in the morning（泛指上午）；on Monday morning（特指周一上午）；at 6:30（具体时刻）。 ❌ 及物与不及物混淆：listen是不及物动词，须加to（listen to the teacher）；reach是及物动词，直接接宾语（reach the station）。 ❌ 系动词后误用副词：系动词后应接形容词作表语，如The music sounds beautiful.（不用beautifully）；The soup tastes good.（不用well）。 · 考点一 时间介词in/on/at 例1My grandfather was born ______ (in/on/at) the winter of 1960. 例2The opening ceremony of the sports meeting will begin ______ (in/on/at) 8:00 a.m. next Monday. 解题策略 1.标志词判断法：in后接年份、月份、季节等较长时段（in 2026，in spring）；on后接具体某一天（on Sunday，on May 1st）；at后接具体时刻（at 6:30，at noon）。 2.特指判断法：季节或时段后有of短语限定时仍用in（in the winter of 1960）；“具体某一天的上午、下午”用on（on Sunday morning）。 3.固定搭配法：at night（在夜里）、at noon（在中午）、in the daytime（在白天）、on time（准时）等搭配需单独记忆。 · 时间介词in/on/at考点总结 时间介词用法 示例 in + 较长时段 in 2026（在2026年）；in May（在五月）；in spring（在春天） on + 具体某一天 on Monday（在周一）；on May 1st（在5月1日）；on a cold morning（在一个寒冷的早晨） at + 具体时刻 at 7:00（在7点）；at noon（在中午）；at night（在夜里） 固定搭配 at once; in the end; on time; in time 【变式训练1·基础巩固】We usually have four classes ______ (in/on/at) the morning. 【变式训练2·能力提升】My cousin got his first prize ______ (in/on/at) the afternoon of June 1st. · 考点二 地点介词与易混介词辨析 例1The visitors arrived ______ (at/in) Nanjing on a rainy evening and fell in love with the city. 例2There is a small stone bridge ______ (across/through) the river near my school. 解题策略 1.范围判断法：at用于小地点或某一点（at the bus stop），in用于大地点或范围内（in Nanjing，in China）；reach为及物动词，后直接接宾语。 2.方向判断法：across表示“从表面穿过”（walk across the street），through表示“从空间内部穿过”（go through the forest）。 3.数量判断法：between用于两者之间（between you and me），among用于三者及以上之间（among the students）。 · 地点介词与易混介词辨析考点总结 介词 用法要点 示例 in 在大地点、范围内 in China; in Nanjing at 在小地点、某一点 at the door; at the bus stop across 从表面穿过 walk across the street through 从内部穿过 go through the forest between/among 两者之间/三者及以上之间 between the two shops; among the students 【变式训练1·基础巩固】The high-speed train will arrive ______ (at/in) Beijing at 9:20 tomorrow morning. 【变式训练2·能力提升】English is widely used ______ (between/among) young people in our city. · 考点三 动词词义辨析与系动词 例1The dish my mother cooked ______ (looks/sounds) delicious, and I can't wait to taste it. 例2Please ______ (borrow/lend) your dictionary to me; I left mine at home. 解题策略 1.语境判断法：根据句意选择词义合适的动词，注意动作方向，如borrow sth. from sb.（从某人处借入），lend sth. to sb.（把某物借给某人）。 2.主语判断法：rise（上升）的主语是事物本身，无被动语态；raise（举起）后必须接宾语。 3.系动词判断法：look、sound、taste、smell、feel、become、keep等系动词后接形容词作表语，不接副词。 · 动词词义辨析与系动词考点总结 动词 词义与用法 示例 borrow/lend 借入/借出 May I borrow your pen? / Please lend me your pen. rise/raise 升起（不及物）/举起（及物） The sun rises in the east. / Please raise your hand. speak/say 说（某种语言）/说（具体内容） He can speak English. / He said nothing. look/look like 看起来（后接形容词）/看起来像 She looks happy. / It looks like rain. become/get/turn 变得（系动词，后接形容词） The weather gets warmer in spring. 【变式训练1·基础巩固】The story he told us ______ (sounds/looks) very interesting, so we all laughed. 【变式训练2·能力提升】The population of the world ______ (rises/raises) year by year, which worries many countries. · 考点四 动词短语与介词搭配 例1My uncle decided to ______ (give up/give in) smoking after the health check. 例2A new Hope Primary School was ______ (set up/put off) in the mountain village last year. 解题策略 1.搭配记忆法：动词短语须整体记忆，如set up（建立）、give up（放弃）、put off（推迟）、turn on（打开）。 2.语境判断法：根据宾语判断短语含义，take care of后接人或物，take part in后接活动。 3.介词判断法：agree with sb.（同意某人）；depend on（依靠）；belong to（属于）；to为介词时后接动名词（look forward to seeing you）。 · 动词短语与介词搭配考点总结 动词短语 含义 示例 set up 建立，创办 They set up a new club last term. give up 放弃 Never give up your dream. put off 推迟 The meeting was put off until Friday. turn on/off 打开/关掉 Please turn off the lights when you leave. take part in 参加 We took part in the sports meeting. look forward to 期待（to为介词，后接动名词） I look forward to hearing from you. 【变式训练1·基础巩固】Don't forget to ______ (turn on/turn off) the lights when you leave the classroom. 【变式训练2·能力提升】We are looking forward to ______ (hear/hearing) from our pen friends in Australia. 一、单句语法填空 1. The story happened ______ (in/on/at) a small village many years ago. 2. We will have an English party ______ (in/on/at) the evening of December 24th. 3. The little girl is hiding ______ (behind/in front of) the door, so we can't see her. 4. Lucy is good ______ (at/in) swimming and she won first prize last year. 5. Our teacher asked us to keep a diary ______ (in/with) English every day. 6. My brother ______ (borrowed/lent) his bike to me because mine was broken. 7. Please ______ (raise/rise) your hand if you have any questions. 8. The soup ______ (tastes/taste) a little salty, but I still like it. 9. His mother is ill, so he has to stay at home to look ______ (after/for) her. 10. Remember to ______ (turn on/turn off) the tap after washing your hands. 11. Thousands of runners ______ (took part in/took care of) the city marathon last Sunday. 12. This old photo always reminds me ______ (of/about) my childhood in the countryside. 13. When we grow up, we should learn to depend ______ (on/at) ourselves. 14. The high-speed train ______ (reached/arrived) Nanjing ten minutes ahead of time. 15. I am looking forward to ______ (hear/hearing) from my pen friend in Australia. 16. Suzhou is famous ______ (as/for) its beautiful gardens, which attract many visitors every year. 17. A new reading corner will be ______ (set up/put off) in our classroom next week. 18. ______ (Between/Among) all the subjects, I like English best. 二、语法填空 Last term, our school started a new club called the Green Riders. It was set up 1. ______ (by/with) Mr. Wang, our PE teacher, to make more students fall in love with sports. Every Saturday morning, the members ride their bikes 2. ______ (through/across) the parks near our city and pick up the litter on the grass. The club has about forty members, and they all take pride 3. ______ (in/on) what they do. At first, I knew little 4. ______ (about/from) bike riding and often felt tired after a short ride. My friends encouraged me 5. ______ (keep) practising, so I didn't 6. ______ (give up/give in). Two months later, I could ride much faster, and my body became 7. ______ (strong/strongly). Riding also helps me 8. ______ (make) new friends who share the same interest. Last month, our club 9. ______ (organize) a charity ride and raised money 10. ______ (for/to) the children in poor mountain areas. Now I understand that doing sports not only builds up our body but also makes our life more colourful. 三、真题演练 1.（2025·江苏普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）Paxo phones 40. ______ (make) of a small number of parts. 2.（2025·江苏普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语·完形填空）The first two weeks were really challenging. It was so tough that they almost 29. ______. A. repeated B. fell C. changed D. quit 3.（2025·江苏普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语·完形填空）They have 31. ______ the first Shaolin Training Camp in Africa. A. set up B. set off C. took off D. took out 4.（2024·江苏普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）Many of its major roads, 41. ______ (include) Chang'an Avenue in Beijing and Binjiang Avenue in Shanghai, are crowded with groups of bikers now. 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 介词、动词 内容导航 命题分析与考情透视 1 知识网络梳理 2 考核心考点精讲 3 考点一：时间介词in/on/at（重点） 3 考点二：地点介词与易混介词辨析（重点） 5 考点三：动词词义辨析与系动词（重点） 6 考点四：动词短语与介词搭配 7 实战演练 8 考试要求 介词和动词是江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语语法填空、完形填空的重要考点。近五年江苏合格考中，介词考查集中在时间介词、地点介词的语境选用及固定搭配中的介词，动词则侧重动词词义辨析、动词短语的运用及谓语动词的基本形式。合格考命题强调在真实语境中运用基础词汇与语法，话题多涉及科技创新、健康生活、校园活动与文化传承等。 命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 介词 5年3考 时间介词、地点介词及固定搭配中的介词 预测2026年在语法填空、完形填空中继续考查介词的语境选用 动词 5年4考 动词词义辨析、动词短语及谓语动词的基本形式 预测2026年在完形填空中重点考查动词辨析与动词短语 介词和动词是英语运用的基石，也是江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试的高频考点，核心考查方向包括时间与地点介词的选用、易混介词辨析、动词词义辨析、系动词的用法及动词短语的搭配等。 知识点1 介词分类解析 介词不能单独使用，须与名词、代词或动名词连用构成介词短语，在句中作状语、定语或表语。介词的选择取决于时间、地点、方式、原因等语境关系。 ①时间介词 in用于年份、月份、季节和较长时段（in 2026，in May，in spring）；on用于具体某一天或某天的上下午（on Monday，on May 1st，on a cold morning）；at用于具体时刻（at 7:00，at noon）。 ②地点方位介词 in表示“在……里面或范围内”；on表示“在……表面上”；at表示“在……某一点”。如：in the room（在房间里）；on the desk（在桌上）；at the bus stop（在公交车站）。 ③方式与其他介词 by表示方式或手段（by bus，by email）；with表示“用（工具）”或“带有”（with a knife，a girl with long hair）；in表示“用（语言、材料）”（in English，in red）；for表示目的或对象（for you，for example）。 ④固定搭配中的介词 at once（立刻）；in the end（最后）；on time（准时）；be good at（擅长）；be interested in（对……感兴趣）；be famous for（因……而闻名）；listen to（听）；look after（照顾）；wait for（等待）。 知识点2 动词分类解析 动词是表示动作或状态的词，是句子的核心。按功能可分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类（情态动词的用法见专题05）。语法填空和完形填空常考动词词义辨析与动词的基本形式。 ①实义动词 及物动词后必须接宾语（buy a book，enjoy music）；不及物动词后不接宾语（arrive，listen），若要接宾语须先加介词（arrive at，listen to）。 ②系动词 be动词后接形容词或名词作表语；感官系动词look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）、smell（闻起来）、feel（摸起来）；变化系动词become、get、turn、grow；保持系动词keep、stay。 ③助动词 be构成进行时态和被动语态（is reading，is made）；do构成疑问句、否定句和强调（Do you like it?）；have/has/had构成完成时（have finished）；will/shall构成将来时（will come）。 ④易混动词 rise（升起，不及物）与raise（举起，及物）；lie（躺；撒谎）与lay（放置，及物）；borrow（借入）与lend（借出）；reach（到达，及物）与arrive（到达，不及物）。 知识点3 动词短语与介词搭配 ①动词+介词 listen to（听）；look at（看）；wait for（等待）；belong to（属于）；depend on（依靠）；agree with（同意某人的看法）；arrive at/in（到达）。如：Please listen to the teacher carefully.（请认真听老师讲课。） ②动词+副词短语 set up（建立）；give up（放弃）；put off（推迟）；turn on/off（打开/关掉）；pick up（捡起；接某人）；take off（脱下；起飞）；look after（照顾）；hand in（上交）。 ③动词+名词+介词 take care of（照顾）；take part in（参加）；pay attention to（注意）；make use of（利用）；catch sight of（看见）。注意：此类短语中的to为介词时后接动名词，如look forward to doing sth.（期待做某事）。 必记结论：不及物动词不能直接接宾语，须先加介词（listen to the music）；系动词后接形容词而不接副词（look beautiful，sound nice）；be made of表示“由……制成”（能看出原料），be made from表示“由……制成”（看不出原料）。 ⚠️避坑指南 ❌ 时间介词混淆：in/on/at的选择看时段长短与是否具体。如：in the morning（泛指上午）；on Monday morning（特指周一上午）；at 6:30（具体时刻）。 ❌ 及物与不及物混淆：listen是不及物动词，须加to（listen to the teacher）；reach是及物动词，直接接宾语（reach the station）。 ❌ 系动词后误用副词：系动词后应接形容词作表语，如The music sounds beautiful.（不用beautifully）；The soup tastes good.（不用well）。 · 考点一 时间介词in/on/at 例1My grandfather was born ______ (in/on/at) the winter of 1960. 【答案】in 【解析】考查时间介词。句意：我爷爷出生于1960年的冬天。winter后有of 1960限定，表示特指的某个季节，季节前用介词in，故填in。 例2The opening ceremony of the sports meeting will begin ______ (in/on/at) 8:00 a.m. next Monday. 【答案】at 【解析】考查时间介词。句意：运动会的开幕式将于下周一上午8点开始。8:00 a.m.为具体时刻，时刻前用介词at，故填at。 解题策略 1.标志词判断法：in后接年份、月份、季节等较长时段（in 2026，in spring）；on后接具体某一天（on Sunday，on May 1st）；at后接具体时刻（at 6:30，at noon）。 2.特指判断法：季节或时段后有of短语限定时仍用in（in the winter of 1960）；“具体某一天的上午、下午”用on（on Sunday morning）。 3.固定搭配法：at night（在夜里）、at noon（在中午）、in the daytime（在白天）、on time（准时）等搭配需单独记忆。 · 时间介词in/on/at考点总结 时间介词用法 示例 in + 较长时段 in 2026（在2026年）；in May（在五月）；in spring（在春天） on + 具体某一天 on Monday（在周一）；on May 1st（在5月1日）；on a cold morning（在一个寒冷的早晨） at + 具体时刻 at 7:00（在7点）；at noon（在中午）；at night（在夜里） 固定搭配 at once; in the end; on time; in time 【变式训练1·基础巩固】We usually have four classes ______ (in/on/at) the morning. 【答案】in 【解析】考查时间介词。句意：我们通常上午上四节课。in the morning为固定搭配，泛指在上午，故填in。 【变式训练2·能力提升】My cousin got his first prize ______ (in/on/at) the afternoon of June 1st. 【答案】on 【解析】考查时间介词。句意：我表哥在6月1日下午获得了一等奖。afternoon前有of June 1st限定，表示具体某天的下午，用介词on，故填on。 · 考点二 地点介词与易混介词辨析 例1The visitors arrived ______ (at/in) Nanjing on a rainy evening and fell in love with the city. 【答案】in 【解析】考查地点介词。句意：游客们在一个下雨的傍晚抵达南京，并爱上了这座城市。Nanjing为大地点，arrive后接大地点用介词in，故填in。 例2There is a small stone bridge ______ (across/through) the river near my school. 【答案】across 【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：我们学校附近的河上有一座小石桥。across表示“横跨、从表面穿过”，桥与河之间是横跨关系，故填across。 解题策略 1.范围判断法：at用于小地点或某一点（at the bus stop），in用于大地点或范围内（in Nanjing，in China）；reach为及物动词，后直接接宾语。 2.方向判断法：across表示“从表面穿过”（walk across the street），through表示“从空间内部穿过”（go through the forest）。 3.数量判断法：between用于两者之间（between you and me），among用于三者及以上之间（among the students）。 · 地点介词与易混介词辨析考点总结 介词 用法要点 示例 in 在大地点、范围内 in China; in Nanjing at 在小地点、某一点 at the door; at the bus stop across 从表面穿过 walk across the street through 从内部穿过 go through the forest between/among 两者之间/三者及以上之间 between the two shops; among the students 【变式训练1·基础巩固】The high-speed train will arrive ______ (at/in) Beijing at 9:20 tomorrow morning. 【答案】in 【解析】考查地点介词。句意：这趟高速列车将于明天上午9点20分到达北京。arrive后接大地点用介词in，故填in。 【变式训练2·能力提升】English is widely used ______ (between/among) young people in our city. 【答案】among 【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：在我们市，英语在年轻人中被广泛使用。young people为三者以上的人群，故用among。 · 考点三 动词词义辨析与系动词 例1The dish my mother cooked ______ (looks/sounds) delicious, and I can't wait to taste it. 【答案】looks 【解析】考查系动词。句意：妈妈做的这道菜看起来很美味，我迫不及待想尝一尝。表示“看起来”用系动词look，后接形容词作表语，主语dish为单数，故填looks。 例2Please ______ (borrow/lend) your dictionary to me; I left mine at home. 【答案】lend 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：请把你的词典借给我，我的落在家里了。borrow表示“借入”，lend表示“借出”，lend sth. to sb.意为“把某物借给某人”，故填lend。 解题策略 1.语境判断法：根据句意选择词义合适的动词，注意动作方向，如borrow sth. from sb.（从某人处借入），lend sth. to sb.（把某物借给某人）。 2.主语判断法：rise（上升）的主语是事物本身，无被动语态；raise（举起）后必须接宾语。 3.系动词判断法：look、sound、taste、smell、feel、become、keep等系动词后接形容词作表语，不接副词。 · 动词词义辨析与系动词考点总结 动词 词义与用法 示例 borrow/lend 借入/借出 May I borrow your pen? / Please lend me your pen. rise/raise 升起（不及物）/举起（及物） The sun rises in the east. / Please raise your hand. speak/say 说（某种语言）/说（具体内容） He can speak English. / He said nothing. look/look like 看起来（后接形容词）/看起来像 She looks happy. / It looks like rain. become/get/turn 变得（系动词，后接形容词） The weather gets warmer in spring. 【变式训练1·基础巩固】The story he told us ______ (sounds/looks) very interesting, so we all laughed. 【答案】sounds 【解析】考查系动词。句意：他给我们讲的这个故事听起来很有趣，我们都笑了。story与“听”有关，表示“听起来”用系动词sound，故填sounds。 【变式训练2·能力提升】The population of the world ______ (rises/raises) year by year, which worries many countries. 【答案】rises 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：世界人口逐年上升，这让许多国家感到担忧。rise意为“上升”，是不及物动词，主语population与rise是主谓关系，故填rises。 · 考点四 动词短语与介词搭配 例1My uncle decided to ______ (give up/give in) smoking after the health check. 【答案】give up 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：体检之后，我叔叔决定戒烟。give up意为“放弃”，后接名词或动名词作宾语；give in意为“屈服”，不合句意，故填give up。 例2A new Hope Primary School was ______ (set up/put off) in the mountain village last year. 【答案】set up 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：去年那个山村新建了一所希望小学。set up意为“建立，创办”；put off意为“推迟”，与句意不符，故填set up。 解题策略 1.搭配记忆法：动词短语须整体记忆，如set up（建立）、give up（放弃）、put off（推迟）、turn on（打开）。 2.语境判断法：根据宾语判断短语含义，take care of后接人或物，take part in后接活动。 3.介词判断法：agree with sb.（同意某人）；depend on（依靠）；belong to（属于）；to为介词时后接动名词（look forward to seeing you）。 · 动词短语与介词搭配考点总结 动词短语 含义 示例 set up 建立，创办 They set up a new club last term. give up 放弃 Never give up your dream. put off 推迟 The meeting was put off until Friday. turn on/off 打开/关掉 Please turn off the lights when you leave. take part in 参加 We took part in the sports meeting. look forward to 期待（to为介词，后接动名词） I look forward to hearing from you. 【变式训练1·基础巩固】Don't forget to ______ (turn on/turn off) the lights when you leave the classroom. 【答案】turn off 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：离开教室时别忘了关灯。turn off意为“关掉”，turn on意为“打开”，由when you leave the classroom可知应“关掉”，故填turn off。 【变式训练2·能力提升】We are looking forward to ______ (hear/hearing) from our pen friends in Australia. 【答案】hearing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们期待着很快收到澳大利亚笔友的来信。look forward to中的to为介词，后接动名词，故填hearing。 一、单句语法填空 1. The story happened ______ (in/on/at) a small village many years ago. 【答案】in 【解析】考查地点介词。句意：许多年前，这个故事发生在一个小村庄里。village表示“在某地”，用介词in，故填in。 2. We will have an English party ______ (in/on/at) the evening of December 24th. 【答案】on 【解析】考查时间介词。句意：我们将在12月24日晚上举办一场英语晚会。evening前有of December 24th限定，表示具体某天的晚上，用介词on，故填on。 3. The little girl is hiding ______ (behind/in front of) the door, so we can't see her. 【答案】behind 【解析】考查方位介词。句意：小女孩正躲在门后面，所以我们看不见她。由we can't see her可知她藏在门后，故填behind。 4. Lucy is good ______ (at/in) swimming and she won first prize last year. 【答案】at 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：露西擅长游泳，她去年获得了一等奖。be good at为固定搭配，意为“擅长”，故填at。 5. Our teacher asked us to keep a diary ______ (in/with) English every day. 【答案】in 【解析】考查方式介词。句意：老师要求我们每天用英语写日记。表示“用某种语言”用介词in，故填in。 6. My brother ______ (borrowed/lent) his bike to me because mine was broken. 【答案】lent 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：我的自行车坏了，哥哥把他的借给了我。lend sth. to sb.意为“把某物借给某人”，由was broken可知用过去式，故填lent。 7. Please ______ (raise/rise) your hand if you have any questions. 【答案】raise 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：如果你有问题，请举手。raise意为“举起”，是及物动词，后接宾语hand；rise意为“上升”，是不及物动词，故填raise。 8. The soup ______ (tastes/taste) a little salty, but I still like it. 【答案】tastes 【解析】考查系动词。句意：这个汤尝起来有点咸，但我仍然喜欢。主语soup为不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数；taste为感官系动词，后接形容词，故填tastes。 9. His mother is ill, so he has to stay at home to look ______ (after/for) her. 【答案】after 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：他妈妈生病了，所以他不得不待在家里照顾她。look after意为“照顾”，look for意为“寻找”，由句意可知填after。 10. Remember to ______ (turn on/turn off) the tap after washing your hands. 【答案】turn off 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：洗完手后记得关掉水龙头。turn off意为“关掉”，turn on意为“打开”，由after washing your hands可知应“关掉”，故填turn off。 11. Thousands of runners ______ (took part in/took care of) the city marathon last Sunday. 【答案】took part in 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：上周日数千名跑步爱好者参加了城市马拉松比赛。take part in意为“参加”；take care of意为“照顾”，由the city marathon可知填took part in。 12. This old photo always reminds me ______ (of/about) my childhood in the countryside. 【答案】of 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：这张老照片总让我想起我在乡下的童年。remind sb. of sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人想起某事”，故填of。 13. When we grow up, we should learn to depend ______ (on/at) ourselves. 【答案】on 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：长大后，我们应该学会依靠自己。depend on为固定搭配，意为“依靠，依赖”，故填on。 14. The high-speed train ______ (reached/arrived) Nanjing ten minutes ahead of time. 【答案】reached 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这趟高速列车提前十分钟到达南京。reach为及物动词，后直接接宾语；arrive为不及物动词，须与at/in连用，故填reached。 15. I am looking forward to ______ (hear/hearing) from my pen friend in Australia. 【答案】hearing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我期待着收到澳大利亚笔友的来信。look forward to中的to为介词，后接动名词，故填hearing。 16. Suzhou is famous ______ (as/for) its beautiful gardens, which attract many visitors every year. 【答案】for 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：苏州以其美丽的园林闻名，每年吸引许多游客。be famous for意为“因……而闻名”；be famous as意为“作为……而闻名”，故填for。 17. A new reading corner will be ______ (set up/put off) in our classroom next week. 【答案】set up 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：下周我们教室里将建起一个图书角。set up意为“建立，设立”，与a reading corner搭配，故填set up。 18. ______ (Between/Among) all the subjects, I like English best. 【答案】Among 【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：在所有学科中，我最喜欢英语。all the subjects为三者以上，用among，位于句首首字母大写，故填Among。 二、语法填空 Last term, our school started a new club called the Green Riders. It was set up 1. ______ (by/with) Mr. Wang, our PE teacher, to make more students fall in love with sports. Every Saturday morning, the members ride their bikes 2. ______ (through/across) the parks near our city and pick up the litter on the grass. The club has about forty members, and they all take pride 3. ______ (in/on) what they do. At first, I knew little 4. ______ (about/from) bike riding and often felt tired after a short ride. My friends encouraged me 5. ______ (keep) practising, so I didn't 6. ______ (give up/give in). Two months later, I could ride much faster, and my body became 7. ______ (strong/strongly). Riding also helps me 8. ______ (make) new friends who share the same interest. Last month, our club 9. ______ (organize) a charity ride and raised money 10. ______ (for/to) the children in poor mountain areas. Now I understand that doing sports not only builds up our body but also makes our life more colourful. 【答案】1. by 2. through 3. in 4. about 5. to keep 6. give up 7. strong 8. make 9. organized 10. for 【解析】 1. 考查介词。句意：它是由我们的体育老师王老师创办的，目的是让更多学生爱上运动。表示动作的执行者用介词by，故填by。 2. 考查介词。句意：每周六上午，成员们骑车穿过我市附近的公园，捡拾草地上的垃圾。表示“从空间内部穿过”用介词through，故填through。 3. 考查固定搭配。句意：这个俱乐部大约有四十名成员，他们都为自己所做的事感到自豪。take pride in为固定搭配，意为“为……感到自豪”，故填in。 4. 考查介词。句意：起初，我对骑行了解很少，短距离骑行后常常感到疲惫。know about为固定搭配，意为“了解”，故填about。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：朋友们鼓励我坚持练习。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to keep。 6. 考查动词短语。句意：所以我并没有放弃。give up意为“放弃”，与前文“坚持练习”呼应；give in意为“屈服”，故填give up。 7. 考查系动词后的表语。句意：两个月后，我骑得快多了，身体也变得更强壮了。become为系动词，后接形容词作表语，故填strong。 8. 考查动词。句意：骑行还帮助我结交了志趣相投的新朋友。help sb. (to) do sth.为固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，故填make。 9. 考查动词的时态。句意：上个月，我们俱乐部组织了一次慈善骑行活动。由Last month可知描述过去发生的事，动词用过去式，故填organized。 10. 考查介词。句意：为贫困山区的孩子们筹集了资金。raise money for sb.为固定搭配，意为“为某人筹款”，故填for。 三、真题演练 1.（2025·江苏普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）Paxo phones 40. ______ (make) of a small number of parts. 【答案】are made 【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：Paxo手机由少量零件制成。be made of为固定搭配，表示“由……制成”，主语phones为复数，且描述一般事实用一般现在时，故填are made。 2.（2025·江苏普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语·完形填空）The first two weeks were really challenging. It was so tough that they almost 29. ______. A. repeated B. fell C. changed D. quit 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：前两周真的很有挑战性。训练太艰苦了，他们几乎要放弃了。repeated意为“重复”；fell意为“摔倒”；changed意为“改变”；quit意为“放弃，退出”。由It was so tough可知他们几乎要放弃，故选D。 3.（2025·江苏普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语·完形填空）They have 31. ______ the first Shaolin Training Camp in Africa. A. set up B. set off C. took off D. took out 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们创办了非洲第一家少林训练营。set up意为“建立，创办”；set off意为“出发，引发”；take off意为“脱下，起飞”；take out意为“取出”。由the first Shaolin Training Camp可知是“创办”，故选A。 4.（2024·江苏普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）Many of its major roads, 41. ______ (include) Chang'an Avenue in Beijing and Binjiang Avenue in Shanghai, are crowded with groups of bikers now. 【答案】including 【解析】考查介词。句意：如今，北京的长安街、上海的滨江大道等许多主要道路上都挤满了骑行的人群。include意为“包括”，此处用于举例说明，应用介词including，故填including。 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $