精品解析：天津市实验中学滨海学校2026-2027年度第一学期高二年级第一次质量监测英语试卷

天津市实验中学滨海学校TIANJIN EXPERIMENTAL BINHAIHIGH SCHOOL 2026-2027年度第一学期高二年级第一次质量监测(英语)试卷 满分：150分 考试时长：100分钟 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷 (听力)、第Ⅱ卷 (选择题)、第Ⅲ卷 (非选择题) 三部分。试卷满分150分。考试时间100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 听力 (满分22.5分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分22.5分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What gift did the woman get from her friend? A. A watch. B. A scarf. C. A book of poetry. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A picture. B. A snack. C. A country. 3. What will the man do today? A. Book plane tickets. B. Finish a performance report. C. Have lunch with the woman. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Good friends. B. Parent and child. C. Salesperson and customer. 5. Why does the woman make the call? A. To check the delivery progress. B. To ask about the location of a port. C. To complain about the bad weather. 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. How does the man know that Cathy did well in the exams? A. From her teacher. B. From their parents. C. From her expression. 7. In which of the following exams did Cathy perform best this time? A. Math. B. Physics. C. History. 8. What kind of ticket did the man buy for Cathy? A. One to a movie. B. One to a concert. C. One to a talk show. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What happened to the woman on the ship? A. She had trouble finding her way. B. She failed to get breakfast. C. She lost her swimsuit. 10. What did the woman do on the ship? A. She danced to music. B. She did some reading. C. She talked with her friends. 11. What did the woman do first after she got off the ship? A. She made a phone call. B. She headed for a beach. C. She put on her sunglasses. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. Why have some Finnish schools brought books back to the classrooms? A. To spend less on electronic products. B. To avoid depending heavily on educational technology. C. To get rid of the negative effects of screens on children. 13. When did Riihimaki’s middle schools stop using most books? A. In 2018. B. In 2017. C. In 2014. 14. What did Miko Mantila and Inka Warro say about the return of books? A. They missed using electronic products. B. It improved their ability to focus. C. It made them go to sleep late: 15. Who is Minna Peltopuro? A. A teacher. B. A psychologist. C. A government official. 第Ⅱ卷 选择题 (满分97.5分) 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分60分) 第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. —It’s reported that our school’s football team won the city championship. —________. They practiced day and night for nearly three months. A. It’s a deal B. Good luck C. Don’t mention it D. They deserve it 2. The company aims to ________ that all the products sold in its store are of good quality — if there’s any problem, customers can get a full refund. A. suspect B. guarantee C. cheat D. impress 3. The Bronte sisters were told women shouldn’t be writers; ________, they kept writing and created classics like Jane Eyre. A. besides B. therefore C. nevertheless D. meanwhile 4. When the rain delayed their outdoor poster-making activity, the students didn’t stop working — they moved to the classroom and ________ with their design, determined to finish it on time. A. carry on B. fall behind C. turn down D. set out 5. Shopping apps have made ______ more and more convenient for people to do shopping online. A. that B. them C. those D. it 6. Generally speaking, it’s very hot in summer in my hometown, but at times it ______ be cool. A. need B. must C. can D. should 7. All citizens who have reached the age of 18 have the right to vote, ________ race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, or education. A. against B. regardless of C. in spite of D. even though 8. Most authorities agree that playing is a(n)________ part of a child’s development. Just as the saying goes, “All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.” A. essential B. complicated C. cruel D. informal 9. Everyone knows that success ______ happens overnight. Just as the saying goes, “Rome was not built in a day.” A. particularly B. fortunately C. rarely D. usually 10. ________ is mentioned earlier, the expert group has already been formed to investigate the issue. A. That B. Which C. Where D. As 11. Much of his youth was spent in Beijing, ______ he developed an interest in Beijing Opera. A. where B. which C. whose D. what 12. My teacher advised _________ more time reading English novels to improve vocabulary. A. spend B. to spend C. spending D. spent 13. ________ English at an early age, the boy can speak it quite fluently now. A. Having taught B. Teaching C. Taught D. Being taught 14. When you’re learning to drive, _____ a good teacher makes a big difference. A. have B. having C. and have D. and having 15. —Everyone was excited to plan a weekend picnic, but Tom kept saying it would rain and that the food would go bad. — Ugh, he’s such ________! He totally ruined our excitement for the trip. A. cool as a cucumber B. an eager beaver C. a wet blanket D. dragging his feet 第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Simone Gordon is a single mother of an autistic (患自闭症的) boy. When her son was 8, she suffered ___16___. During that period, she always traveled through job markets to get a job to ___17___ their living expenses. She knows what it’s like to be ___18___ to get help but have nowhere to go or nobody to turn to. Luckily, she finally ___19___. On Sunday morning, she ___20___ an e-mail from a disabled Maryland woman needing $1, 000 within four hours to ___21___ being forced to leave the rented house. After confirming the ___22___ was reasonable, she posted it on her Facebook page. She didn’t have great ___23___ at first, but within an hour, the money was ___24___. Simone was extremely ____25____ by that, and then she ____26____ an online account. Every day, she sought help on behalf of someone with a(n) ____27____ emergency need. To her great ____28____ , with the needs growing, positive ____29____ also increased significantly. Up to now, she and 12 volunteers have enabled donors to ____30____ more than $250, 000 in direct aid to tens of thousands of people who need money for food, shelter, medicine, etc. All the donated money goes to the recipients (接受者), and every recipient is examined ____31____ and must show accurate evidence of need. Simone ____32____ her work with volunteers. In addition, she has started programs collecting money for survivors of some accidents. This May, she successfully got a nursing degree. She said, “After ____33____, I plan to work in public health, and I also want to help other struggling single moms enter a community college. I know the ____34____ of single moms, but I hope they can become confident and ____35____ through their efforts. After all, one can’t always rely on others.” 16. A. criticism B. unemployment C. injustice D. loneliness 17. A. disturb B. assess C. record D. cover 18. A. desperate B. upset C. distinct D. proud 19. A. pulled through B. showed off C. woke up D. passed down 20. A. missed B. informed C. received D. revised 21. A. detect B. avoid C. suspect D. blame 22. A. request B. service C. suggestion D. comparison 23. A. interest B. delays C. difficulty D. expectations 24. A. saved B. wasted C. raised D. counted 25. A. touched B. discouraged C. beaten D. hurt 26. A. found out B. set up C. took over D. set aside 27. A. agreed B. supported C. doubted D. confirmed 28. A. puzzlement B. despair C. relief D. regret 29. A. responses B. aspects C. explanations D. impressions 30. A. lend B. offer C. display D. award 31. A. alternatively B. freely C. carefully D. occasionally 32. A. continues B. evaluates C. forgets D. refuses 33. A. hesitation. B. graduation C. survival D. failure 34. A. hobbies B. decisions C. suggestion D. struggle 35. A. respectful B. independent C. responsible D. flexible 第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Steppingstones is a non-profit organization registered in Shanghai. We recruit, train and support about 1,000 volunteers per year to teach essential 21st-century skills to children and youth in China, focusing on digital literacy, foreign language, and social-emotional learning. If you want to contribute to education, check out the options below and join us today. Teaching English Description: Volunteers are needed to teach fun English lessons to disadvantaged children and youth. Each class has 10-30 children at community centers and 40-50 students at migrant schools. Volunteers teach in teams with at least two volunteers per group. Time commitment: A minimum of one school term (3-4 months) or 4-8 weeks during the summer. Available for weekday and weekend classes. Volunteers are expected to commit to 4-5 hours per week. Requirements: Minimum 18 years old — 16 years old and above can be considered with parental consent in written form after submitting a statement of interest and attending an interview. A good grasp of English and ability to interact well with children and young adults is a must. Location: Shanghai. Travel may be required as most of the program sites are not in downtown Shanghai. Teaching digital literacy skills Description: Volunteers are needed to independently teach or to assist our full-time computer teachers to teach digital literacy skills that are common to the modern workplace. Time commitment: A minimum of one school term (3-4 months) or 4-6 weeks during the summer. Available for weekday and weekend classes. Volunteers are expected to commit 2-4 hours per week. Requirements: Native Chinese speaker, with English fluency a plus. Proficient in Microsoft Office Suite. Interested in teaching computer skills to disadvantaged communities. Location: Online or community centers located in Shanghai. ·Non-teaching volunteer roles Description: Not all of our volunteers need to teach. If you prefer to volunteer in other ways, Steppingstones is always interested in volunteers who can help with a whole range of tasks including but not limited to the following: routine office work, fundraising website and graphic design, social media and marketing, and translation. Time commitment: Depends on the specific responsibility, but generally at least one day (eight hours) per week. Requirements: Interested in working in the non-profit sector, fluent in English and/or Chinese, patient and flexible, open-minded and easy-going. Location: Steppingstones office, online, or our project sites. For more information, please email us at enquiry@steppingstoneschina.net. 36. According to the passage, Steppingstones’ core business is________ A. teaching young learners useful skills B. providing marketing service as a non-profit C. recruiting and training volunteers D. offering extracurricular activities 37. If you want to volunteer to teach English at Steppingstones, you must be________ A. familiar with online teaching tools B. able to teach independently in class C. at least 18 years old with parental consent D. available at least four weeks in summer 38. If you want to teach digital literacy skills, you must meet the following required qualifications except________ A. being available to teach for a full school year without interruption B. possessing a high level of competency in Microsoft Office applications C. being able to communicate fluently in both English and Chinese D. striving to provide computer instruction to underserved communities 39. A non-teaching volunteer might be responsible for________ A. tutoring students in English B. designing posters for fundraising C. preparing lesson plans for teachers D. grading students’ homework 40. The article is intended to________ A. introduce what Steppingstones is B. compare different volunteer groups C. recruit volunteers for a non-profit sector D. show how to apply for volunteer positions B About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it. I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months. The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special. “Let's make a cake for Dad!” I cried. My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table! Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday. Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance. The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind. Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new. Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin. 41. What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1? A. Its tank grew dirty. B. Its old skin came off. C. It got a skin disease. D. It went missing. 42. Why did the author's husband have banana pudding for his birthday? A. The birthday cake was ruined. B. The author made good puddings. C. Pudding was his favorite dessert. D. They couldn't afford a birthday cake. 43. Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage? A. To prove a theory. B. To define a concept. C. To develop the theme. D. To provide the background. 44. The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as . A. letting go of the past B. looking for a new job C. getting rid of a bad habit D. giving up an opportunity 45. What does the author most likely want to tell us? A. Love of family helps us survive great hardships. B. It's not the end of the world if we break things. C. We should move on no matter what happens. D. Past experiences should be treasured. C Over breakfast this morning, I enjoyed a short chat with Mia, my new Spanish study buddy. I explained what I had learned about the psychology of happiness from a Spanish-language podcast. By the end of the ten-minute conversation, I felt that I had mastered more of the language than if I’d done an hour of textbook exercises. Mia, however, does not exist in real life. It is an AI that I created to take advantage of a phenomenon called the “protege effect” (门徒效应). According to research, we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about the topic we’ve just explored— even if that person doesn’t really exist. The effect has its roots in the principle of “learning by teaching,” pioneered in the early 1980s by Jean-Pol Martin, a French teacher working in Germany. To improve his students’ language learning, he had them research and present different parts of the curriculum (课程) to their classmates. The technique boosted their motivation, self-confidence, and communicative abilities, and it soon spread to many other schools in the country. Later, a group of Stanford scientists tested the idea. In a pioneering experiment, Catherine Chase asked 62 eighth-graders to use a computer program to study how fever affects the body. Over two lessons, the students had to read a text and then create a flowchart (流程图). Half the teens did the exercise as a form of self-study, while the others were told that their diagram would help to teach a virtual character. At the end, those in the teaching role had learned considerably more of the material, with much stronger performance on tests. Chase named this the protege effect, and it has since been replicated (复制) many times. These later studies suggest that learning by teaching is more powerful than other memory techniques. The brain boost appears to arise as much from the expectation of teaching as the act itself. If we know that others are going to learn from us, we feel a sense of responsibility to provide the right information. As a result, we make a greater effort to fill in the gaps in our understanding and correct any mistaken assumptions before passing our knowledge on to others. This process then helps to enhance what we have learned. To put the protege effect into practice, a face-to-face conversation with a human partner is ideal, but it can be hard to find one. Fortunately, there are other ways. You might choose to present your progress as a blog or video aimed at other learners. Or you might, like me, choose to chat with an AI. I prompt (instruct) ChatGPT to act as a curious Spanish student, Mia, who listens to what I’ve been learning and asks suitable questions and follow-ups. With voice features, I can practice speaking as well. Though it felt awkward to talk to my computer at first, I became more confident in real-life interactions after just a few weeks. 46. Jean-Pol Martin’s teaching method is mentioned in the text to_________. A. highlight the role of student competition in learning B. contrast Eastern and Western educational philosophies C. demonstrate the inefficiency of teacher-centered instruction D. provide historical context for the concept’s development 47. The author mentions Catherine Chase’s study to show that_________. A. learning by teaching is supported by scientific evidence B. self-study is more effective than group learning C. virtual characters cannot replace human teachers D. flowcharts are useful tools to learn science 48. What does Paragraph 4 imply about the protege effect? A. It motivates deeper learning by creating a sense of duty. B. It encourages learners to avoid uncertain topics entirely. C. It promotes systematic review of previously mastered material. D. It relies on external feedback to correct errors in comprehension. 49. With regard to applying the “protege effect,” the author would most agree that _________. A. chatting with AI is as effective as real- life interactions B. teaching real people is best but not always possible C. overcoming the initial discomfort of teaching is the key D. presenting learning progress publicly offers greater benefits 50. The author’s attitude to using AI for the protege effect can be described as_________. A. overly enthusiastic without practical support B. entirely unconcerned about non-human interactions C. strongly skeptical due to technological limitations D. cautiously optimistic despite initial discomfort 第Ⅲ卷 非选择题 (满分30分) 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 阅读表达 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。 When I think of the hardest moments of my life, ironically many have turned out to be blessings. The most severe one was being pretty much kicked out of my. PhD program at the University of Georgia in 2016. The program in Georgia turned out not to be the right fit for me despite my best efforts. The whole year was riddled with exhaustion, insecurity, fear, and exclusion. I was in therapy myself for most of the year to cope, and the only thing that made it tolerable was a lot of support from my family and friends. I was utterly devastated when I went back home; it felt like my career was over. Fast forward to today, however, and I can see that getting driven out of the Georgia program was one of the best things that ever happened to me. In 2017, when I transferred to a doctoral program in San Diego, I began to thrive and now my business is doing exceptionally well. I am deeply grateful I studied in San Diego and happy that I didn’t stay in Georgia. It was great that I was driven out! As the saying goes, “What seems like good or bad news now can turn out to be the opposite in the future.” Ironically, the research and writing training from the University of Georgia significantly helped me develop my academic, professional, and personal writing. I worked hard in Georgia and it paid off: The learning and growth I experienced were incomparable. As my personal example demonstrates, life is a total rollercoaster. Every now and then you are able to discover a new high, a ceiling-breaking moment, whereas in other moments you may feel like you’re falling deeper and deeper into hell. While these experiences can be incredibly tough, they present us with valuable opportunities to trust life and cultivate personal growth and learning. 51. What was the author’s most severe moment of his life?(No more than 8 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 52. What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 2? (No more than 3 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 53. What message does the author want to convey with his personal experience in the 3rd paragraph? (No more than 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 54. Why did the author thank the University of Georgia? (No more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 55. What will you do if you are in a dark moment? Please explain. (No more than 20 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达 (满分20分) 56. 假设你是晨光中学的李津。你校英语俱乐部将举办一次英语演讲比赛。请你以“Every Setback Is a Test for Us”为题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 描述你自己经历的一次挫折； 2. 你克服挫折的体会和建议。 注意： （1）词数不少于100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：setback挫折 Every Setback Is a Test for Us Hello, everyone. I’m Li Jin Today I am very glad to have the chance to speak about the topic: Every Setback Is a Test for Us. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks, for your Listening. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津市实验中学滨海学校TIANJIN EXPERIMENTAL BINHAIHIGH SCHOOL 2026-2027年度第一学期高二年级第一次质量监测(英语)试卷 满分：150分 考试时长：100分钟 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷 (听力)、第Ⅱ卷 (选择题)、第Ⅲ卷 (非选择题) 三部分。试卷满分150分。考试时间100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 听力 (满分22.5分) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分22.5分) 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What gift did the woman get from her friend? A. A watch. B. A scarf. C. A book of poetry. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A picture. B. A snack. C. A country. 3. What will the man do today? A. Book plane tickets. B. Finish a performance report. C. Have lunch with the woman. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Good friends. B. Parent and child. C. Salesperson and customer. 5. Why does the woman make the call? A. To check the delivery progress. B. To ask about the location of a port. C. To complain about the bad weather. 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. How does the man know that Cathy did well in the exams? A. From her teacher. B. From their parents. C. From her expression. 7. In which of the following exams did Cathy perform best this time? A. Math. B. Physics. C. History. 8. What kind of ticket did the man buy for Cathy? A. One to a movie. B. One to a concert. C. One to a talk show. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What happened to the woman on the ship? A. She had trouble finding her way. B. She failed to get breakfast. C. She lost her swimsuit. 10. What did the woman do on the ship? A. She danced to music. B. She did some reading. C. She talked with her friends. 11. What did the woman do first after she got off the ship? A. She made a phone call. B. She headed for a beach. C. She put on her sunglasses. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. Why have some Finnish schools brought books back to the classrooms? A. To spend less on electronic products. B. To avoid depending heavily on educational technology. C. To get rid of the negative effects of screens on children. 13. When did Riihimaki’s middle schools stop using most books? A. In 2018. B. In 2017. C. In 2014. 14. What did Miko Mantila and Inka Warro say about the return of books? A. They missed using electronic products. B. It improved their ability to focus. C. It made them go to sleep late: 15. Who is Minna Peltopuro? A. A teacher. B. A psychologist. C. A government official. 第Ⅱ卷 选择题 (满分97.5分) 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分60分) 第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. —It’s reported that our school’s football team won the city championship. —________. They practiced day and night for nearly three months. A. It’s a deal B. Good luck C. Don’t mention it D. They deserve it 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——据报道，我们学校的足球队赢得了全市冠军。——他们应该得到这样的结果。他们日夜不停地练习了将近三个月。A. It’s a deal成交；B. Good luck好运；C. Don't mention it别客气；D. They deserve it他们应该得到这样的结果。根据后文“They practiced day and night for nearly three months.”可知，他们日夜不停地练习了将近三个月，即，他们应该得到这样的结果，故选D。 2. The company aims to ________ that all the products sold in its store are of good quality — if there’s any problem, customers can get a full refund. A. suspect B. guarantee C. cheat D. impress 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司致力于确保其店内销售的所有产品都品质优良——如果出现任何问题，顾客可以获得全额退款。A. suspect猜想；B. guarantee保证；C. cheat欺骗；D. impress使印象深刻。根据后文“that all the products sold in its store are of good quality”指公司致力于确保其店内销售的所有产品都品质优良。故选B。 3. The Bronte sisters were told women shouldn’t be writers; ________, they kept writing and created classics like Jane Eyre. A. besides B. therefore C. nevertheless D. meanwhile 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：勃朗特姐妹曾被告知女性不应该成为作家；尽管如此，她们依旧坚持写作，并创作出了《简爱》这样的经典作品。A. besides 此外；B. therefore 因此；C. nevertheless 然而、尽管如此；D. meanwhile 与此同时。由语意可知，前半句“女性不应成为作家”是外界对勃朗特姐妹的否定态度，后半句“坚持写作并创作出经典”是她们与外界态度相反的行动，前后句存在明显的转折关系。故选C项。 4. When the rain delayed their outdoor poster-making activity, the students didn’t stop working — they moved to the classroom and ________ with their design, determined to finish it on time. A. carry on B. fall behind C. turn down D. set out 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于下雨导致他们在户外制作海报的活动被迫中断，学生们并没有停止工作，而是转移到教室继续进行设计，决心按时完成任务。A. carry on继续；B. fall behind落后；C. turn down拒绝；D. set out出发。根据后文“with their design, determined to finish it on time”可知，决心按时完成任务，所以继续进行设计。故选A。 5. Shopping apps have made ______ more and more convenient for people to do shopping online. A. that B. them C. those D. it 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查it的用法。句意：购物app让人们在网上购物变得越来越方便。make后接复合宾语，make it +adj.+to do“使得做某事……”为固定句型，it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语。故选D项。 6. Generally speaking, it’s very hot in summer in my hometown, but at times it ______ be cool. A. need B. must C. can D. should 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，我家乡的夏天很热，但有时也很凉爽。A. need 需要；B. must 必须；C. can 有可能；D. should 应该；根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查情态动词can的用法，表示理论上的可能性,即从理论上看有可能,但实际未必会发生。有时指一时的情况,常意为“有时会”。故选C。 7. All citizens who have reached the age of 18 have the right to vote, ________ race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, or education. A. against B. regardless of C. in spite of D. even though 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词、介词短语和连词辨析。句意：所有年满18岁的公民，无论种族、性别、职业、家庭背景、宗教信仰或教育程度，都有投票权。A. against反对，与……相反；B. regardless of不管；C. in spite of尽管；D. even though尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据空后的名词短语可知，空处应用介词成分，且这里表示不管种族、性别、职业、家庭背景、宗教信仰或教育程度有何差别，所以应用regardless of。故选B。 8. Most authorities agree that playing is a(n)________ part of a child’s development. Just as the saying goes, “All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.” A. essential B. complicated C. cruel D. informal 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数权威人士都认为玩耍是孩子成长过程中必不可少的一部分。正如俗话所说，“只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。”A. essential必不可少的，极其重要的；B. complicated复杂的；C. cruel残酷的；D. informal非正式的。根据“Just as the saying goes, ‘All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.’”可知，玩耍是孩子成长过程中必不可少的一部分，所以“essential”符合语境，故选A。 9. Everyone knows that success ______ happens overnight. Just as the saying goes, “Rome was not built in a day.” A. particularly B. fortunately C. rarely D. usually 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每个人都知道成功很少在一夜之间发生。正如俗话所说：“罗马不是一天建成的。”A. particularly尤其；B. fortunately幸好；C. rarely罕见，很少；D. usually通常。根据后文“happens overnight”指成功很少在一夜之间发生，应用rarely。故选C。 10. ________ is mentioned earlier, the expert group has already been formed to investigate the issue. A. That B. Which C. Where D. As 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如先前提到的，专家组已经成立以调查这个问题。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后文整个主句，并在从句中作主语，表示“正如”，用as引导定语从句，符合句意。故选D。 11. Much of his youth was spent in Beijing, ______ he developed an interest in Beijing Opera. A. where B. which C. whose D. what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他的青年时代大部分时间是在北京度过的，在那里他对京剧产生了兴趣。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Beijing”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故选A。 12. My teacher advised _________ more time reading English novels to improve vocabulary. A. spend B. to spend C. spending D. spent 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的老师建议花更多的时间读英语小说来增加词汇量。动词spend在句中作advise的宾语，advise doing表示“建议做某事”，应使用动名词形式。故选C项。 13. ________ English at an early age, the boy can speak it quite fluently now. A. Having taught B. Teaching C. Taught D. Being taught 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个男孩很小的时候就被教授英语，现在他说得相当流利。空白处在句子中作状语，与逻辑主语the boy之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已经发生，应用过去分词形式作状语。 14. When you’re learning to drive, _____ a good teacher makes a big difference. A. have B. having C. and have D. and having 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你学习驾驶时，有一个好老师会产生很大影响。分析句子结构，_____ a good teacher为主句主语，空处应用动名词形式作主语。故选B项。 15. —Everyone was excited to plan a weekend picnic, but Tom kept saying it would rain and that the food would go bad. — Ugh, he’s such ________! He totally ruined our excitement for the trip. A. cool as a cucumber B. an eager beaver C. a wet blanket D. dragging his feet 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查习语辨析。句意：每个人都很兴奋地计划周末野餐，但汤姆却一直说会下雨，食物会变坏。呃，他真是个扫兴的人！他彻底破坏了我们对这次旅行的兴致。A. cool as a cucumber镇定自若；B. an eager beaver热心肯干的人；C. a wet blanket扫兴的人/事；D. dragging his feet拖延磨蹭。由语意可知，大家都对野餐充满期待，而汤姆不断泼冷水、说负面话，破坏了众人的兴致，所以他是一个扫兴的人。故选C项。 第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Simone Gordon is a single mother of an autistic (患自闭症的) boy. When her son was 8, she suffered ___16___. During that period, she always traveled through job markets to get a job to ___17___ their living expenses. She knows what it’s like to be ___18___ to get help but have nowhere to go or nobody to turn to. Luckily, she finally ___19___. On Sunday morning, she ___20___ an e-mail from a disabled Maryland woman needing $1, 000 within four hours to ___21___ being forced to leave the rented house. After confirming the ___22___ was reasonable, she posted it on her Facebook page. She didn’t have great ___23___ at first, but within an hour, the money was ___24___. Simone was extremely ____25____ by that, and then she ____26____ an online account. Every day, she sought help on behalf of someone with a(n) ____27____ emergency need. To her great ____28____ , with the needs growing, positive ____29____ also increased significantly. Up to now, she and 12 volunteers have enabled donors to ____30____ more than $250, 000 in direct aid to tens of thousands of people who need money for food, shelter, medicine, etc. All the donated money goes to the recipients (接受者), and every recipient is examined ____31____ and must show accurate evidence of need. Simone ____32____ her work with volunteers. In addition, she has started programs collecting money for survivors of some accidents. This May, she successfully got a nursing degree. She said, “After ____33____, I plan to work in public health, and I also want to help other struggling single moms enter a community college. I know the ____34____ of single moms, but I hope they can become confident and ____35____ through their efforts. After all, one can’t always rely on others.” 16. A. criticism B. unemployment C. injustice D. loneliness 17. A. disturb B. assess C. record D. cover 18. A. desperate B. upset C. distinct D. proud 19. A. pulled through B. showed off C. woke up D. passed down 20. A. missed B. informed C. received D. revised 21. A. detect B. avoid C. suspect D. blame 22. A. request B. service C. suggestion D. comparison 23. A. interest B. delays C. difficulty D. expectations 24. A. saved B. wasted C. raised D. counted 25. A. touched B. discouraged C. beaten D. hurt 26. A. found out B. set up C. took over D. set aside 27. A. agreed B. supported C. doubted D. confirmed 28. A. puzzlement B. despair C. relief D. regret 29. A. responses B. aspects C. explanations D. impressions 30. A. lend B. offer C. display D. award 31. A. alternatively B. freely C. carefully D. occasionally 32. A. continues B. evaluates C. forgets D. refuses 33. A. hesitation. B. graduation C. survival D. failure 34. A. hobbies B. decisions C. suggestion D. struggle 35. A. respectful B. independent C. responsible D. flexible 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Simone Gordon作为一位自闭症孩子的单亲妈妈，在经历失业困境后，如何通过自己的努力和社交媒体平台帮助包括自己在内的许多人解决经济困难，并最终成立相关组织，持续帮助更多有需要的人的故事。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：儿子8岁时，她失业了。A. criticism批评；B. unemployment失业；C. injustice不公；D. loneliness孤独。根据后文“she always traveled through job markets to get a job”可知，她一直在找工作，所以是失业了。故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，她总是奔波于就业市场以找到一份工作来支付他们的生活费用。A. disturb打扰；B. assess评估；C. record记录；D. cover足以支付。根据后文“their living expenses”可知，找工作的目的应是支付他们的生活费用。故选D项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道那种绝望地寻求帮助却无处可去或无人可求助的感觉。A. desperate绝望的；B. upset心烦的；C. distinct明显的；D. proud骄傲的。根据后文“get help but have nowhere to go or nobody to turn to”可知，寻求帮助却无处可去或无人可求助的感觉应是绝望的。故选A项。 【19题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，她终于挺过来了。A. pulled through渡过难关；B. showed off炫耀；C. woke up醒来；D. passed down传承。根据前文“Luckily”可知，她是幸运的，所以是渡过难关。故选A项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：周日早上，她收到了一封来自马里兰州一位残疾妇女的电子邮件，她需要在四小时内提供1000美元，以避免被迫离开她租来的房子。A. missed错过；B. informed通知；C. received收到；D. revised修订。根据后文“an e-mail from a disabled Maryland woman needing $1, 000 within four hours”可知，应该是收到一封电子邮件。故选C项。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：周日早上，她收到了一封来自马里兰州一位残疾妇女的电子邮件，她需要在四小时内提供1000美元，以避免被迫离开她租来的房子。A. detect发现；B. avoid避免；C. suspect怀疑；D. blame责备。根据后文“being forced to leave the rented house”可知，需要钱的目的应是避免被迫离开租来的房子。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在确认了这个请求是合理的之后，她把它发布在了自己的Facebook页面上。A. request请求；B. service服务；C. suggestion建议；D. comparison比较。根据前文“a disabled Maryland woman needing $1, 000 within four hours to 　　　6　　　 being forced to leave the rented house.”可知，马里兰州一位残疾妇女提出了一个帮助请求。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初她并没有抱太大的期望，但不到一个小时，钱就筹到了。A. interest兴趣；B. delays延迟；C. difficulty困难；D. expectations期望。根据前文“needing $1, 000 within four hours”可知，女士需要再4个小时内获得1000美元，Simone觉得很难，所以是并没有抱太大的期望。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初她并没有抱太大的期望，但不到一个小时，钱就筹到了。A. saved节省；B. wasted浪费；C. raised筹集；D. counted数数。根据前文“She didn’t have great 　　　8　　　 at first, but within an hour”可知，Simone没有抱有太大的期望，根据转折可知，应是钱筹到了。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Simone对此非常感动，然后她建立了一个在线账户。A. touched感动；B. discouraged泄气的；C. beaten被踩硬的；D. hurt受伤的。根据前文“She didn’t have great 　　　8　　　 at first, but within an hour, the money was 　　　9　　　.”可知，钱很快被筹到了，所以Simone应是感动的。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Simone对此非常感动，然后她建立了一个在线账户。A. found out查明；B. set up建立；C. took over接管；D. set aside留出。根据后文“an online account.”结合选项可知，应是“建立了一个在线账户”符合语境。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，她都代表那些确有紧急需求的人寻求帮助。A. agreed同意；B. supported支持；C. doubted怀疑；D. confirmed确认。根据前文“After confirming the 　　　7　　　 was reasonable”可知，每一个请求都会确认是否合理，所以是确认过的紧急需求。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令她欣慰的是，随着需求的增长，积极的回应也显著增加。A. puzzlement困惑；B. despair绝望；C. relief宽慰；D. regret后悔。根据后文“with the needs growing, positive 　　　14　　　 also increased significantly.”可知，随着需求的增长，积极的回应也显著增加，应是令她欣慰的。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令她欣慰的是，随着需求的增长，积极的回应也显著增加。A. responses回应；B. aspects方面；C. explanations解释；D. impressions印象。根据前文“with the needs growing”可知，空处应是和needs对应，所以针对需求的回应也显著增加。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，她和12名志愿者已经使捐助者提供了超过25万美元的直接援助给成千上万需要钱购买食物、住所、药品等的人。A. lend借出；B. offer提供；C. display展示；D. award授予。根据前文“have enabled donors”可知，应是让捐助者提供超过25万美元的直接援助。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所有捐赠的钱都归受赠人所有，每个受赠人都要经过仔细的审查，必须提供准确的需要证据。A. alternatively二者择一地；B. freely自由地；C. carefully仔细的；D. occasionally偶尔地。根据后文“must show accurate evidence of need”可知，每个受赠人必须提供准确的需要证据，所以是经过仔细的审查。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Simone继续和志愿者们一起工作。A. continues继续；B. evaluates评估；C. forgets忘记；D. refuses拒绝。根据后文“In addition, she has started programs collecting money for survivors of some accidents.”可知，Simone还开始为一些事故的幸存者筹集资金，所以Simone一直在做慈善事业，所以是继续和志愿者们一起工作。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，我计划在公共卫生部门工作，我也想帮助其他挣扎的单身妈妈进入社区大学。A. hesitation犹豫；B. graduation毕业；C. survival生存；D. failure失败。根据前文“This May, she successfully got a nursing degree.”可知，Simone拿到了护理学位，所以应是毕业后，她计划在公共卫生部门工作。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道单身妈妈的挣扎，但我希望她们能通过自己的努力变得自信和独立。A. hobbies爱好；B. decisions决定；C. suggestion建议；D. struggle挣扎。根据后文“single moms”以及前文内容可知，Simone是一个自闭症男孩的单身母亲，所以她知道单身妈妈的挣扎。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道单身妈妈的挣扎，但我希望她们能通过自己的努力变得自信和独立。A. respectful尊敬的；B. independent独立的；C. responsible负责任的；D. flexible灵活的。根据后文“After all, one can’t always rely on others.”可知，一个人不能总是依靠别人，所以应是变得自信和独立。故选B项。 第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Steppingstones is a non-profit organization registered in Shanghai. We recruit, train and support about 1,000 volunteers per year to teach essential 21st-century skills to children and youth in China, focusing on digital literacy, foreign language, and social-emotional learning. If you want to contribute to education, check out the options below and join us today. Teaching English Description: Volunteers are needed to teach fun English lessons to disadvantaged children and youth. Each class has 10-30 children at community centers and 40-50 students at migrant schools. Volunteers teach in teams with at least two volunteers per group. Time commitment: A minimum of one school term (3-4 months) or 4-8 weeks during the summer. Available for weekday and weekend classes. Volunteers are expected to commit to 4-5 hours per week. Requirements: Minimum 18 years old — 16 years old and above can be considered with parental consent in written form after submitting a statement of interest and attending an interview. A good grasp of English and ability to interact well with children and young adults is a must. Location: Shanghai. Travel may be required as most of the program sites are not in downtown Shanghai. Teaching digital literacy skills Description: Volunteers are needed to independently teach or to assist our full-time computer teachers to teach digital literacy skills that are common to the modern workplace. Time commitment: A minimum of one school term (3-4 months) or 4-6 weeks during the summer. Available for weekday and weekend classes. Volunteers are expected to commit 2-4 hours per week. Requirements: Native Chinese speaker, with English fluency a plus. Proficient in Microsoft Office Suite. Interested in teaching computer skills to disadvantaged communities. Location: Online or community centers located in Shanghai. ·Non-teaching volunteer roles Description: Not all of our volunteers need to teach. If you prefer to volunteer in other ways, Steppingstones is always interested in volunteers who can help with a whole range of tasks including but not limited to the following: routine office work, fundraising website and graphic design, social media and marketing, and translation. Time commitment: Depends on the specific responsibility, but generally at least one day (eight hours) per week. Requirements: Interested in working in the non-profit sector, fluent in English and/or Chinese, patient and flexible, open-minded and easy-going. Location: Steppingstones office, online, or our project sites. For more information, please email us at enquiry@steppingstoneschina.net. 36. According to the passage, Steppingstones’ core business is________ A. teaching young learners useful skills B. providing marketing service as a non-profit C. recruiting and training volunteers D. offering extracurricular activities 37. If you want to volunteer to teach English at Steppingstones, you must be________ A. familiar with online teaching tools B. able to teach independently in class C. at least 18 years old with parental consent D. available at least four weeks in summer 38. If you want to teach digital literacy skills, you must meet the following required qualifications except________ A. being available to teach for a full school year without interruption B. possessing a high level of competency in Microsoft Office applications C. being able to communicate fluently in both English and Chinese D. striving to provide computer instruction to underserved communities 39. A non-teaching volunteer might be responsible for________ A. tutoring students in English B. designing posters for fundraising C. preparing lesson plans for teachers D. grading students’ homework 40. The article is intended to________ A. introduce what Steppingstones is B. compare different volunteer groups C. recruit volunteers for a non-profit sector D. show how to apply for volunteer positions 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍上海非营利组织“垫脚石”的志愿者招募信息，包括英语教学、数字素养教学及非教学类志愿岗位的要求与职责。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Steppingstones is a non-profit organization registered in Shanghai. We recruit, train and support about 1,000 volunteers per year to teach essential 21st-century skills to children and youth in China, focusing on digital literacy, foreign language, and social-emotional learning.(垫脚石是在上海注册的非营利组织。我们每年招募、培训并支持约1000名志愿者，为中国的儿童和青少年教授必要的21世纪技能，重点包括数字素养、外语和社会情感学习。)”可知，“垫脚石”的核心业务是教年轻学习者实用技能。故选A项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Teaching English”部分中的“Time commitment: A minimum of one school term (3-4 months) or 4-8 weeks during the summer.(时间投入：至少一个学期（3-4个月），或夏季期间4-8周。)”可知，若想志愿教授英语，夏季至少需有4周时间可用。故选D项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Teaching digital literacy skills”部分中的“Time commitment: A minimum of one school term (3-4 months) or 4-6 weeks during the summer.(时间投入：至少一个学期（3-4个月），或夏季期间4-6周。)”可知，该岗位无需“一整个学年无间断教学”；结合“Requirements: Native Chinese speaker, with English fluency a plus. Proficient in Microsoft Office Suite. Interested in teaching computer skills to disadvantaged communities.(要求：母语为中文，英语流利者优先。熟练掌握微软办公软件套件。有兴趣为弱势社区教授计算机技能。)”可知，B、C、D均为该岗位要求。故选A项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Non-teaching volunteer roles”部分中的“including but not limited to the following: routine office work, fundraising website and graphic design, social media and marketing, and translation.(包括但不限于以下工作：日常办公室工作、筹款网站及平面设计、社交媒体及市场营销、翻译。)”可知，非教学类志愿者可能负责为筹款设计海报。故选B项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“If you want to contribute to education, check out the options below and join us today.(如果你想为教育事业贡献力量，请看下面的选项，今天就加入我们吧。)”及各岗位的招募详情可知，文章旨在为非营利组织招募志愿者。故选C项。 B About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it. I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months. The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special. “Let's make a cake for Dad!” I cried. My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table! Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday. Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance. The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind. Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new. Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin. 41. What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1? A. Its tank grew dirty. B. Its old skin came off. C. It got a skin disease. D. It went missing. 42. Why did the author's husband have banana pudding for his birthday? A. The birthday cake was ruined. B. The author made good puddings. C. Pudding was his favorite dessert. D. They couldn't afford a birthday cake. 43. Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage? A. To prove a theory. B. To define a concept. C. To develop the theme. D. To provide the background. 44. The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as . A. letting go of the past B. looking for a new job C. getting rid of a bad habit D. giving up an opportunity 45. What does the author most likely want to tell us? A. Love of family helps us survive great hardships. B. It's not the end of the world if we break things. C. We should move on no matter what happens. D. Past experiences should be treasured. 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者的丈夫刚刚丢了工作，这种不确定性开始影响到家人，直到作者看到家里的宠物蜥蜴换皮和观看了Michael Jordan的纪录片《最后的舞蹈》后，领悟到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后，像蜥蜴一样，用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，作为人生的起点。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.(第二天早上，我向丈夫和孩子们报告了蜥蜴皮肤上奇怪的表面。几秒钟后，我们的蜥蜴从水箱里出来，旧皮肤蜕了下来)”可知，宠物蜥蜴旧的皮肤脱落了。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.(就在我丈夫参加另一场工作面试回家前两个小时，我女儿爬到一个高高的架子上，抓起一个玻璃花瓶。它掉下来摔碎在蛋糕旁边。到处都是细小的玻璃碎片。我把蛋糕扔掉时，她大声抽泣。我丈夫生日吃了香蕉布丁)”可知，作者的丈夫过生日吃了香蕉布丁是因为生日蛋糕毁了。故选A。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.( Jordan从心爱的篮球退役，转而打棒球，这是多么令人痛心的事情，是什么促使他做出如此艰难的决定，让我感到惊讶。当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”以及最后一段“Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.( Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者在文章中提到The Last Dance是为了展开文章关于放手过去，重新开始的主题。故选C。 【44题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.(他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”可知，作者看着乔丹脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，意识到看到他放开了过去，把过去抛在脑后了。即画线词意思是“放开过去”。故选A。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.(人类不像其他动物那样容易蜕皮。变革的开始令人不安。这个过程很累人。伤害在我们准备好之前就改变了我们。我看到了我们生嫩的、几乎是全新的蜥蜴)”以及最后一段“Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.( Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者最有可能想告诉我们无论发生什么，我们都应该继续前进。故选C。 C Over breakfast this morning, I enjoyed a short chat with Mia, my new Spanish study buddy. I explained what I had learned about the psychology of happiness from a Spanish-language podcast. By the end of the ten-minute conversation, I felt that I had mastered more of the language than if I’d done an hour of textbook exercises. Mia, however, does not exist in real life. It is an AI that I created to take advantage of a phenomenon called the “protege effect” (门徒效应). According to research, we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about the topic we’ve just explored— even if that person doesn’t really exist. The effect has its roots in the principle of “learning by teaching,” pioneered in the early 1980s by Jean-Pol Martin, a French teacher working in Germany. To improve his students’ language learning, he had them research and present different parts of the curriculum (课程) to their classmates. The technique boosted their motivation, self-confidence, and communicative abilities, and it soon spread to many other schools in the country. Later, a group of Stanford scientists tested the idea. In a pioneering experiment, Catherine Chase asked 62 eighth-graders to use a computer program to study how fever affects the body. Over two lessons, the students had to read a text and then create a flowchart (流程图). Half the teens did the exercise as a form of self-study, while the others were told that their diagram would help to teach a virtual character. At the end, those in the teaching role had learned considerably more of the material, with much stronger performance on tests. Chase named this the protege effect, and it has since been replicated (复制) many times. These later studies suggest that learning by teaching is more powerful than other memory techniques. The brain boost appears to arise as much from the expectation of teaching as the act itself. If we know that others are going to learn from us, we feel a sense of responsibility to provide the right information. As a result, we make a greater effort to fill in the gaps in our understanding and correct any mistaken assumptions before passing our knowledge on to others. This process then helps to enhance what we have learned. To put the protege effect into practice, a face-to-face conversation with a human partner is ideal, but it can be hard to find one. Fortunately, there are other ways. You might choose to present your progress as a blog or video aimed at other learners. Or you might, like me, choose to chat with an AI. I prompt (instruct) ChatGPT to act as a curious Spanish student, Mia, who listens to what I’ve been learning and asks suitable questions and follow-ups. With voice features, I can practice speaking as well. Though it felt awkward to talk to my computer at first, I became more confident in real-life interactions after just a few weeks. 46. Jean-Pol Martin’s teaching method is mentioned in the text to_________. A. highlight the role of student competition in learning B. contrast Eastern and Western educational philosophies C. demonstrate the inefficiency of teacher-centered instruction D. provide historical context for the concept’s development 47. The author mentions Catherine Chase’s study to show that_________. A. learning by teaching is supported by scientific evidence B. self-study is more effective than group learning C. virtual characters cannot replace human teachers D. flowcharts are useful tools to learn science 48. What does Paragraph 4 imply about the protege effect? A. It motivates deeper learning by creating a sense of duty. B. It encourages learners to avoid uncertain topics entirely. C. It promotes systematic review of previously mastered material. D. It relies on external feedback to correct errors in comprehension. 49. With regard to applying the “protege effect,” the author would most agree that _________. A. chatting with AI is as effective as real- life interactions B. teaching real people is best but not always possible C. overcoming the initial discomfort of teaching is the key D. presenting learning progress publicly offers greater benefits 50. The author’s attitude to using AI for the protege effect can be described as_________. A. overly enthusiastic without practical support B. entirely unconcerned about non-human interactions C. strongly skeptical due to technological limitations D. cautiously optimistic despite initial discomfort 【答案】46. D 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍“门徒效应”——通过“以教促学”提升学习效率的心理机制。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“According to research, we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about the topic we’ve just explored— even if that person doesn’t really exist. The effect has its roots in the principle of “learning by teaching,” pioneered in the early 1980s by Jean-Pol Martin, a French teacher working in Germany. To improve his students’ language learning, he had them research and present different parts of the curriculum to their classmates. The technique boosted their motivation, self-confidence, and communicative abilities, and it soon spread to many other schools in the country.(根据研究，当我们把我们刚刚探索过的话题教给别人时，我们学得更有效——即使那个人并不存在。这种效应的根源在于“教中学习”的原则，该原则是由在德国工作的法语教师Jean-Pol Martin在20世纪80年代初首创的。为了提高学生的语言学习，他让他们研究并向同学展示课程的不同部分。这种方法提高了他们的积极性、自信心和交际能力，并很快推广到该国的许多其他学校。)”可知，文中提到Jean- Pol Martin的教学方法是为了说明门徒效应的起源和发展背景。故选D项。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。文章第三段“Later, a group of Stanford scientists tested the idea. In a pioneering experiment, Catherine Chase asked 62 eighth-graders to use a computer program to study how fever affects the body. Over two lessons, the students had to read a text and then create a flowchart. Half the teens did the exercise as a form of self-study, while the others were told that their diagram would help to teach a virtual character. At the end, those in the teaching role had learned considerably more of the material, with much stronger performance on tests.(后来，斯坦福大学的一组科学家测试了这个想法。在一项开创性的实验中，Catherine Chase要求62名八年级学生使用计算机程序来研究发烧如何影响身体。在两节课中，学生们必须阅读一篇文章，然后画出一个流程图。一半的青少年做这个练习是作为一种自学的形式，而其他人则被告知他们的图表将有助于教授一个虚拟人物。最后，那些担任教学角色的人学到了更多的材料，在考试中的表现也更出色。)”描述了 Catherine Chase的实验：一组学生自学，另一组被告知要“教”虚拟角色，结果后者学习效果更好。这直接证明了“learning by teaching”的有效性，并得到科学验证。所以，作者提到Catherine Chase的研究是为了证明通过教学来学习是有科学依据的。故选A项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。第四段“Chase named this the protege effect, and it has since been replicated many times. These later studies suggest that learning by teaching is more powerful than other memory techniques. The brain boost appears to arise as much from the expectation of teaching as the act itself. If we know that others are going to learn from us, we feel a sense of responsibility to provide the right information. As a result, we make a greater effort to fill in the gaps in our understanding and correct any mistaken assumptions before passing our knowledge on to others. This process then helps to enhance what we have learned.(Chase将这种现象命名为“门徒效应”，此后这种现象被重复了很多次。这些后来的研究表明，通过教学来学习比其他记忆技巧更有效。对教学的期望和教学本身似乎都对大脑产生了促进作用。如果我们知道别人会向我们学习，我们就会有一种提供正确信息的责任感。因此，在将我们的知识传递给他人之前，我们会更努力地填补我们理解中的空白，纠正任何错误的假设。这个过程有助于增强我们学到的内容)”解释门徒效应的机制：当我们预期要教别人时，会产生责任感，从而更努力地填补知识空白、纠正错误，进而巩固学习。故选A项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“To put the protege effect into practice, a face-to-face conversation with a human partner is ideal, but it can be hard to find one. Fortunately, there are other ways. You might choose to present your progress as a blog or video aimed at other learners. Or you might, like me, choose to chat with an AI.(为了将“门徒效应”付诸实践，与人类伙伴进行面对面的交谈是最理想的，但很难找到这样的人。幸运的是，还有其他方法。你可以选择以博客或视频的形式向其他学习者展示你的进步。或者你也可以像我一样，选择和人工智能聊天。)”可知，作者认为“真人教学最好但并非唯一途径”。故选B项。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“I prompt (instruct) ChatGPT to act as a curious Spanish student, Mia, who listens to what I’ ve been learning and asks suitable questions and follow-ups. With voice features, I can practice speaking as well. Though it felt awkward to talk to my computer at first, I became more confident in real- life interactions after just a few weeks.(我提示（指导）ChatGPT扮演一个好奇的西班牙语学生Mia，她倾听我所学的内容，提出合适的问题并跟进。有了语音功能，我也可以练习说话。虽然一开始和电脑说话感觉很尴尬，但几周后，我在现实生活中的互动变得更加自信了。)”可知，作者在最后一段提到，使用 AI (如与 Mia 聊天) 起初“尴尬”，但几周后提升了自信和真实互动能力。这表明作者对 AI 持谨慎但乐观的态度。故选D项。 第Ⅲ卷 非选择题 (满分30分) 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 阅读表达 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。 When I think of the hardest moments of my life, ironically many have turned out to be blessings. The most severe one was being pretty much kicked out of my. PhD program at the University of Georgia in 2016. The program in Georgia turned out not to be the right fit for me despite my best efforts. The whole year was riddled with exhaustion, insecurity, fear, and exclusion. I was in therapy myself for most of the year to cope, and the only thing that made it tolerable was a lot of support from my family and friends. I was utterly devastated when I went back home; it felt like my career was over. Fast forward to today, however, and I can see that getting driven out of the Georgia program was one of the best things that ever happened to me. In 2017, when I transferred to a doctoral program in San Diego, I began to thrive and now my business is doing exceptionally well. I am deeply grateful I studied in San Diego and happy that I didn’t stay in Georgia. It was great that I was driven out! As the saying goes, “What seems like good or bad news now can turn out to be the opposite in the future.” Ironically, the research and writing training from the University of Georgia significantly helped me develop my academic, professional, and personal writing. I worked hard in Georgia and it paid off: The learning and growth I experienced were incomparable. As my personal example demonstrates, life is a total rollercoaster. Every now and then you are able to discover a new high, a ceiling-breaking moment, whereas in other moments you may feel like you’re falling deeper and deeper into hell. While these experiences can be incredibly tough, they present us with valuable opportunities to trust life and cultivate personal growth and learning. 51. What was the author’s most severe moment of his life?(No more than 8 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 52. What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 2? (No more than 3 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 53. What message does the author want to convey with his personal experience in the 3rd paragraph? (No more than 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 54. Why did the author thank the University of Georgia? (No more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 55. What will you do if you are in a dark moment? Please explain. (No more than 20 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. His almost being kicked out of PhD program 52. be full of 53. What seems like bad news now can turn out to be good in the future 54. The research and writing training helped him professionally and academically 55. I will seek support and stay positive, believing that the difficulties are temporary and trying to find a solution. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者人生中经历的困难时刻，以及这些困难如何最终转化为祝福的经历。 【51题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“When I think of the hardest moments of my life, ironically many have turned out to be blessings. The most severe one was being pretty much kicked out of my. PhD program at the University of Georgia in 2016. (当我回想起生命中最艰难的时刻时，具有讽刺意味的是，许多事情最后都变成了我的祝福。最严重的一次是我几乎被踢出2016年在乔治亚大学的博士项目。)”可知，作者一生中最艰难的时刻是在2016年作者差点被踢出在乔治亚大学的博士项目。故答案为His almost being kicked out of PhD program。 【52题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词组下一句“I was in therapy myself for most of the year to cope, and the only thing that made it tolerable was a lot of support from my family and friends. (我大部分时间都在接受治疗来应对这种压力，而唯一让我能够忍受这一切的是来自家人和朋友的巨大支持。)”可知，由于课程不适合作者，作者整整一年都充满了疲倦、不安全、恐惧和排斥。由此可知，划线词组的意思和“充满”相似。故答案为be full of。 【53题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第三段内容“I was utterly devastated when I went back home; it felt like my career was over. Fast forward to today, however, and I can see that getting driven out of the Georgia program was one of the best things that ever happened to me. In 2017, when I transferred to a doctoral program in San Diego, I began to thrive and now my business is doing exceptionally well. I am deeply grateful I studied in San Diego and happy that I didn’t stay in Georgia. It was great that I was driven out! As the saying goes, “What seems like good or bad news now can turn out to be the opposite in the future.” (当我回到家时，我彻底崩溃了；感觉我的职业生涯结束了。然而，快进到今天，我发现被赶出乔治亚大学的项目是发生在我身上最好的事情之一。2017年，当我转到圣地亚哥攻读博士学位时，我开始茁壮成长，现在我的生意做得非常好。我非常感谢我在圣地亚哥学习，也很高兴我没有留在乔治亚州。我被赶出去真是太好了！俗话说，“现在看起来是好消息或坏消息，将来可能会变成相反的消息。”)”可知，作者在第三段想要表达的是被乔治亚大学的博士项目开除是他人生中最严重的事情，但也是他最好的事情之一，也就是当时以为是坏消息的事情后来变成了好消息。故答案为What seems like bad news now can turn out to be good in the future。 【54题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第四题“Ironically, the research and writing training from the University of Georgia significantly helped me develop my academic, professional, and personal writing. I worked hard in Georgia and it paid off: The learning and growth I experienced were incomparable. (具有讽刺意味的是，乔治亚大学的研究和写作训练对我的学术、专业和个人写作都有很大的帮助。我在乔治亚努力学习，并得到了回报：我经历的学习和成长是无与伦比的。)”可知，作者感谢乔治亚大学是因为那里的研究和写作训练对他的学术、专业和个人写作能力发展有重要帮助。故答案为The research and writing training helped him professionally and academically. 【55题详解】 开放题。要求考生谈谈自己面临人生中黑暗时刻时会如何做，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为I will seek support and stay positive, believing that the difficulties are temporary and trying to find a solution. 第二节 书面表达 (满分20分) 56. 假设你是晨光中学的李津。你校英语俱乐部将举办一次英语演讲比赛。请你以“Every Setback Is a Test for Us”为题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 描述你自己经历的一次挫折； 2. 你克服挫折的体会和建议。 注意： （1）词数不少于100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：setback挫折 Every Setback Is a Test for Us Hello, everyone. I’m Li Jin Today I am very glad to have the chance to speak about the topic: Every Setback Is a Test for Us. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks, for your Listening. 【答案】 Every Setback Is a Test for Us Hello, everyone. I’m Li Jin Today I am very glad to have the chance to speak about the topic: Every Setback Is a Test for Us. As we all know, everyone will face some setbacks every now and then. I came across many setbacks in my study and life. I failed in my physical final exam when I was in Senior One. Knowing the result, I cried hard. I analyzed the situation and studied harder. Finally, I became good at physics. In my opinion, when setbacks happen, we should be brave and stay optimistic. It is a good way to relieve the pain by turning to our trusted ones for comfort, watching a funny movie, listening to music or visiting a beautiful place. Suffering is the most powerful teacher of life and every setback is a test for us. I absolutely believe that we need to face the setbacks bravely and learn from them. Only the one who passes the test can succeed. Thanks, for your Listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生以“Every Setback Is a Test for Us”为题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：描述你自己经历的一次挫折；你克服挫折的体会和建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 不时地：every now and then→ever and again 遇到：come across→encounter 发生：happen→take place 完全：absolutely→totally 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I analyzed the situation and studies harder. Finally, I became good at physics. 拓展句：I analyzed the situation and studies harder, which finally made me become good at physics. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I failed in my physical final exam when I was in Senior One. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Only the one who passes the test can succeed.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $