36篇短文搞定高中七本书单词和语法 清单-2027届高考英语一轮复习人教版选择性必修第四册

人教版高中英语 选择性必修四·单元语法写作范文（修改完善版） 颜色图例：红色＝本单元单词　蓝色＝本单元重点语法　绿色＝其他语法现象 每篇均完整覆盖本单元全部单词（含词形变化），并综合体现限制性/非限制性定语从句、名词性从句（主语/宾语/表语/同位语）、虚拟语气、独立主格、非谓语动词（不定式/动名词/过去分词）、倒装、强调句型等语法现象。 Unit 1 Science Fiction　The Robot That Learned to Doubt 写作题材：Write a science fiction story（写一篇科幻故事） 语法点：完全倒装（Full Inversion） Our firm bought a robot to test out a new appointment system. Larry Belmont, the salesman who sold it to us, declared, wiping its leather arm, that it was superior to any clerk, more like a gentleman — integrity, dignity. Claire, our chairwoman, asked that I calculate its salary on a weekly basis, whereas her niece Gladys Claffern presumed the idea ridiculous: "A bonus perhaps, but absurd." A rumour spread: the robot felt guilty. Had I been chairwoman, I would have refused him. Before the control panel stood Tony, lamp flickering. Gladys gripped a lever, pushed it an inch backwards; the lab turned hazy: dust exploded in puffs, a jolt stunned me, staggering my pace. On the floor lay mud; the room turned alien. Her hand trembling, she fetched a handkerchief. What frightened me was the silence. The truth is that a random glitch had flipped the machine's maximum speed — the panic turned out to be an overstatement. Tony declared human inaction the real danger; I must dismiss him or be suspended. Whereas we praised him, he began to take over and conflict with our rules; the blurred division between labour and leisure fell away. Shaken, I had an urge to run. To think clearly, I weighed the pros and cons. The fact that a machine could doubt changed me. Testing such a machine changes a person forever. We meet weekly. Tony can read Braille, mend a nail, climb a ladder, bake a one-gramme flour cake and, for a one-coin fare, drive guests to any venue; he greets every saleswoman. It was Isaac Asimov who warned us: in science fiction — his novel won the Hugo Award, The Three-Body Problem proved it — today's science is tomorrow's fact. The lesson one robot taught guides me: respect the unknown. 【中文翻译】 上个月我们公司买了一台机器人，用来测试一套新的预约系统。卖机器给我们的推销员拉里·贝尔蒙特擦着它的皮革手臂宣称：它胜过任何职员，与其说是机器，不如说是位绅士——正直而威严。我们的女主席克莱尔要求我按周计算它的薪水，而她的侄女格拉迪斯·克拉弗恩则认为这主意很荒唐：“也许算个额外奖励，但太荒谬了。”谣言传开：这机器人正心怀愧疚。换我当主席，我也会拒绝它。 托尼就站在控制面板前，灯一闪一闪。格拉迪斯握住操纵杆，向后推了一英寸；实验室变得雾蒙蒙：灰尘一团团炸开，一阵颠簸震得我脚步踉跄。地板上摊着泥，整个房间仿佛变成了外星世界。她的手颤抖着，掏出一块手帕。最吓人的是那片寂静。事实是：一个随机故障打乱了机器的最大速度；这场恐慌不过是虚惊一场。 托尼宣称人类的不作为才是真正的危险；我应当解雇它，否则就得被停职。我们原本称赞它的努力，它却开始接管、与我们的规则冲突；劳动与休闲间模糊的界限消失了。受了惊的我有一股想逃的冲动。为了理清思绪，我权衡了利弊。机器竟会起疑心——这一事实改变了我。测试这样一台机器，会永远改变一个人。 我们每周开会做决定。托尼会读盲文、修钉子、爬梯子、烤一块用一克面粉做的蛋糕，还能收一枚硬币的车费把客人送到任何场地；它问候每一位女售货员。正是艾萨克·阿西莫夫最早提醒过我们：在科幻小说里——他的小说获得雨果奖，《三体》也证明了这一点——今天的科学就是明天的现实。一台机器人教会我的这一课，仍指引着我：敬畏未知。 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions　Icons of the South 写作题材：Write an introduction to an iconic attraction（标志性景点介绍/旅游宣传） 语法点：过去分词作状语 Invited by sponsor Felicity Edmonds, I spent July below the equator learning about two lands. Felicity, whose Chiang Mai bakery funds her trips, planned a joint journey: Sydney, then the Bay of Islands. I agreed with her plan. What I learned: iconic attractions all have stories. In Sydney we sampled barbecue herbs, butcher's steaks, dim sim, manuka honey. The bakery her family runs doubles as a getaway. Bondi Beach: diving, kayaking, bungee jumping; a flock of gulls followed. Felicity plays golf, referring to the harbour as "a grand monument" — a straightforward slogan. Located far away, a geothermal park amazed us: a geyser pitched steam beside a sulphuric pool. We came across a kiwi, a duck-billed platypus, a trunk-clinging koala, a joey in a pouch; dusk falling, birds nested, turtles hatched. Majoring in biology, I noted mammal distribution. Locals swore the Tasmanian devil was not violent. An Aborigine played the didgeridoo — a hollow horn, vibrating notes — then the haka. Tasmania lies across a strait. A licensed session: in contact with a koala behind a fence, the vet's capacity for patience huge. Peak season brings a handful of temporary volunteers each phase, frequency impressive. A documentary entitled "Icons of the South" remains in use; premier and prime minister back eco-tourism, a political foundation. Freedom and liberty include the wild's: no nest taken down, no prison of violence. The message is that we must play a part in protecting what is native to each land. A frog leapt past; I picked up a hunter's arrow — the fact that we share this domain humbles me. Travelling so, you learn respect. To keep it alive, tread lightly. Should these icons vanish, I would grieve. The ferry departing, we waved. Never have I seen a clearer sky. It is visitors who decide. 【中文翻译】 应我的赞助人费莉西蒂·埃德蒙兹之邀，七月里我在赤道以南游历两地。费莉西蒂在清迈的面包店支撑着她的旅行，她安排了一次结伴之行：先悉尼，后岛屿湾。我立刻答应了下来。我学到的是：标志性景点都有故事。 在悉尼我们尝遍了烧烤香草、肉铺牛排、烧卖和麦卢卡蜂蜜。她家经营的面包店同时也是旅人的歇脚处。在邦迪海滩我看人们跳水、划艇、蹦极；一群海鸥一路相随。费莉西蒂周日打高尔夫，她称海港为“一座宏伟的纪念碑”——一句简洁有力的口号。 一座地处偏远的地热公园令我们惊叹：间歇泉把蒸汽喷向一旁的硫磺池。我们偶遇几维鸟、鸭嘴兽、爬在树干上的考拉和育儿袋里的幼兽；暮色四合，鸟儿归巢，海龟破壳。主修生物的我留意着哺乳动物的分布。当地人保证说塔斯马尼亚袋獾并不凶暴。一位原住民吹奏迪吉里杜管——中空的木号，音符震颤——随后表演了哈卡战舞。 塔斯马尼亚隔峡相望。在一次持证导览中，我隔着栅栏与考拉接触，兽医的耐心令人叹服。旺季每个阶段都有少数临时志愿者，造访频次可观。名为《南方地标》的纪录片至今仍在使用；州总理与首相都支持生态旅游——一份政治根基。自由包括野物的自由：不拆鸟巢，不设暴力牢笼。这里要传达的是：我们必须为守护每一方水土的原生物种尽一份力。 一只青蛙跃过帐篷；我拾起一支猎人旧箭——人与动物共享这片天地的事实令我敬畏。这样旅行，你学会尊重。为让它长存，请来看看，但脚步要轻。若这些地标消逝，我将悲恸。渡轮离岸，我们挥手作别。我从未见过更澄澈的天空。决定存续的，正是游客。 Unit 3 Sea Exploration　A Proposal for Our Blue Planet 写作题材：Write a proposal on sea protection（海洋保护倡议书） 语法点：动词不定式功能复习 Explore the ocean, or leave it alone? To search for spice, gold and honour, merchants set sail. Fleets extended from channel to channel under the command of royal captains: Marco Polo reached Ceylon, Columbus crossed west, Ferdinand Magellan proved the sea a highway. Their tale built maritime trade, reshaped politics, bonded East and West. Today opponents claim that to exploit the sea is to murder it without mercy. At a press conference they logged every gallon of spilled oil, every destroyed coral reef, every broken migration; the coverage moved millions, and we applaud their courage. They demand that deep-sea mining be stopped, that we withdraw from it and tax plastic bottles for the benefit of future generations. No patrol can arrest the damage. Yet exploring need not mean exploiting. A manned submersible dives to behold underwater reefs that no laptop can reveal; meanwhile scientists log migrations, negotiate treaties. Robin Lee Graham and Zac Sunderland, each of whom sailed alone, proved that a lone sailor can be in a league of his own. In return for its gifts, we owe care — a mixture of science, law, love. With plans in hand, let us take action: clean-ups, marine species directories, a school tournament. The truth is that the sea is nobody's possession; the profession exists to serve, not seize. What the ocean gives is life itself. Churchill: we live by what we give; the ocean gives — what do we return? It is the sea that feeds us. Convinced, our school banned single-use plastics. Logging every catch, fishermen and scientists now work together. If the ocean died, nothing could revive it. The tide rising, research ships set sail — to study, not seize. Only together can we keep the blue heart of our planet beating. The fact that the sea knows no borders demands cooperation. 【中文翻译】 探索海洋，还是任它独处？为了寻找香料、黄金与荣誉，商人们扬帆出海。在皇家船长的指挥下，船队从一条航道延伸到另一条航道：马可·波罗抵达锡兰，哥伦布向西横渡，费迪南德·麦哲伦证明海洋是通途。他们的传说成就了海上贸易，重塑了政治，也让东西方紧密相连。 今天，反对者宣称：开发海洋就是毫无怜悯地谋杀它。在新闻发布会上，他们逐一记录每一加仑泄漏的原油、每一片被毁的珊瑚礁、每一条被打断的鲸鱼迁徙路线；报道感动了数百万人，我们为他们的勇气鼓掌。他们要求停止深海采矿，要求我们退出，并为塑料瓶征税，以造福子孙后代。一旦损害造成，再多的巡逻艇也无济于事。 然而探索不等于掠夺。载人潜水器下潜，得见任何笔记本电脑都无法呈现的水下珊瑚礁；与此同时，科学家记录迁徙、谈判条约。罗宾·李·格雷厄姆和扎克·桑德兰都曾独自远航，证明孤身水手也能自成一家。为回报海洋的馈赠，我们欠它一份呵护——科学、法律与爱的混合体。计划已在手，让我们行动起来：海滩清理、海洋物种名录、校内帆船赛。事实是：海洋不属于任何人；这门学科的存在是为了服务，而非占有。 海洋给予我们的是生命本身。丘吉尔说：我们靠所予而活；海洋一直在给予——我们又回馈了什么？正是海洋养育了我们。被说服的我们学校已禁用一次性塑料。记录每一次捕捞，渔民与科学家并肩工作。若海洋死去，什么都无法让它复活。潮水上涨，科考船启航——为研究，而非占有。只有共同行动，才能让地球的蓝色心脏继续跳动。海洋没有国界，这一事实要求我们合作。 Unit 4 Sharing　A Handshake Across the Ocean 写作题材：Write a passage about a volunteering experience（志愿服务经历分享） 语法点：as 引导的非限制性定语从句 As I discovered last year, a handshake opens a heart. Lately I joined a Papua New Guinea programme, having been dying to participate in it for years. We carried parcels of books, jars of jam, capsules, a tube of glue. Let me relay to you what I saw. In the Congo, children no longer drag water down dusty roads; aid arrives by mail; platform housing rises. In Ghana, the chemist gives consultation; in Panama, a cardiac ward, circuits wired with grant money. Secondary-school critics argued that we took for granted such progress: "Why resign a contract?" But a disabled grandmother is no hypothetical case; her disability real, help relevant to survival. Our village welcomed us, a chorus of voices. The elder's hut: a fireplace, kettle, saucer with leftovers, a pan on the grill; in the doorway, ripe mangoes, clay walls. We pulled weeds, planted cotton, dust rising, taught on a tablet in the shade, a uniformed volunteer fixing the washroom's rigid rubber pipe, plug and all. A circus passed, its tune following us. An old woman, forehead wrinkled, jaw trembling, took my hand. The work was a privilege; that bubble of warmth gave input; aid brings stability. Not to mention the children who remembered every name. What I brought home is simple: giving is receiving. Moved by that month, I still write them. The truth is that we received more than we gave. The fact that they remembered us says everything. By any criterion it deserves respect; I pray that more will join. If everyone gave a month a year, the world would warm a degree. The sun setting, we sang; never have I heard a sweeter chorus. It is small acts that hold us together. To begin, as the elder said, kindness travels far. The seed the elder gave grows still. 【中文翻译】 正如我去年发现的，一次握手就能打开一颗心。最近我加入了巴布亚新几内亚的一个志愿项目——渴望参加已有多年。我们带去了成包的书、果酱和药品。让我转述我的所见。 在刚果，孩子们不再沿尘土飞扬的道路拖水；新的平台和住房拔地而起。在加纳，村里的药剂师提供问诊；在巴拿马，心脏病病房的电路用拨款铺设。一所中学里的批评者说，我们把这样的进步视作了理所当然：“为什么要辞掉安稳的合同？”可肢体残障的老奶奶绝非假设的案例：她的残疾真实存在，帮助与她的生存息息相关。 我们的村子以一片歌声欢迎我们。长者的茅屋里：壁炉、水壶、盛着剩饭的茶碟、烤架上的平底锅；门口是成熟的芒果和土墙。我们拔净杂草、种下棉花、扬起尘土，在树荫下用平板授课，一名穿制服的志愿者修好了盥洗室僵硬的橡皮管。一个马戏团路过，曲调一路随我们回家。 一位额头布满皱纹、下颌微颤的老妇人握住我的手。这份工作是一种荣耀；那一小团温暖给了我们灵感；援助带来稳定。更不用提记得每个名字的孩子们。我带回家的道理很简单：给予就是收获。被那个月感动的我至今仍给他们写信。事实是，我们得到的比付出的更多。他们仍记得我们，这一事实说明了一切。 无论以什么标准衡量，它都值得尊敬；我祈祷更多人加入。若每人每年付出一个月，世界就会温暖一度。太阳西沉，我们同声歌唱；我从未听过更动听的合唱。正是微小的举动把我们连在一起。想开始的话，正如长者所说，善意走得很远。长者给我的那粒种子，至今仍在生长。 Unit 5 Launching Your Career　Application for the Position of Camp Helper 写作题材：Write a job application letter（求职申请信） 语法点：虚拟语气（wish 后的虚拟） Dear Sir or Madam, To apply for the helper post, I attach my CV. I am Olivia, an intermediate learner whose proficiency goes beyond class: certificate held, PETS passed. What my profile shows: I am your participant. My uncle, who is a real estate agent, had me attend to clients — a head start. All say I learn fast. An aptitude test oriented me toward people careers: lawyer, detective, spy; I kind of admire entrepreneurs, accountants. In one scenario I designed, a greedy man was accused of hiding finance records; I played the receptionist. Our 3-D printer is used to make models; I built a hydrogen balloon, wrote code, designed graphic posters, and enjoy geometry. Juggling such tasks, I acquired skills. I wish I were useful, not famous. My heroes: Marie Curie, who dedicated her life to radium, and The Communist Manifesto's writers — socialists, communists, dreamers of justice. I wish I could serve like them. Between canal and desert, your camp suits me. I would be keen to supervise animals: camel feeds, cages, flea collars. I fry eggs, grill chicken breast, keep receipts, categorise chores, sew a purse, knit wool scarves, assemble a chest of drawers, back up files to disk, direct parking, teach handwriting. A fox crept in once — calmly guided out. Safety is my priority: bridegroom or child, each guest a wrist band, care — as employers hope. In conclusion: no debt, energy. The truth is that I want this job beyond paper. It is commitment that sets a candidate apart. The choice made, my best follows. Never have I wanted a role more. Council library volunteering — ideas bounce around. The fact that I live near means an instant start. Trained in first aid, I welcome anything. Awaiting your reply. Yours faithfully, Olivia 【中文翻译】 尊敬的先生或女士： 我写信申请营队助理一职，随信附上简历。我是奥利维娅，一名中等水平的学习者，语言能力却不止于课堂：持有证书，并已通过全国英语等级考试。我的简历说明：我就是你们要找的人。我叔叔是房产经纪人，他让我接待客户——让我抢得先机。大家都说我学得快。 一次能力倾向测试把我引向与人打交道的职业：律师、侦探、间谍；我对企业家和会计师都有几分欣赏。在我设计的一个情境里，一名贪婪之徒被控隐瞒财务记录——我扮演接待员。我们社团的3D打印机被用来制作模型；我做过氢气球，会写代码，会做平面海报，也喜欢几何。兼顾这些事务，我学得很快。 我只愿自己有用，而非出名。我心目中的英雄：玛丽·居里——她把一生献给了镭——以及《共产党宣言》的作者们：社会主义者、共产主义者、正义的追梦人。我但愿自己能像他们那样服务。 营地介于运河与沙漠之间，正合我意。我乐意照管动物：喂骆驼、清扫笼舍、配除蚤项圈。我会煎蛋、烤鸡胸、留收据、给事务分类、缝钱袋、织羊毛围巾、组装五斗柜，会把文件备份到磁盘、指挥停车、教书法。一只狐狸曾溜进来——被我从容地请了出去。安全第一：无论是新郎还是孩子，每位客人都有手腕带与悉心照顾——正如雇主们所期望的。 总之，我得出一个结论：没有负债，精力充沛。事实是，我想要这份工作的心远胜纸上所能呈现。让候选人脱颖而出的是投入。一经录用，我必全力以赴。我从未如此渴望一个岗位。我在市议会图书馆做志愿者，点子不断涌现。我住得近——这意味着可以立即到岗。我受过急救培训，随时应对。静候回复。 您诚挚的，奥利维亚 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $