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课时作业十三
语法填空提分练C
【词汇清饽】
1.date[det](动词)
释义:追溯到;属于(某一历史时期);注明日期
例句:This custom dates back to the 18 th century.(这个习俗可以追溯到18世纪。)
2.build[brld(动词,过去式built,过去分词built)
释义:建造;建立
例句:They built a new bridge last year.(他们去年建了一座新桥。)
3.believe[br'li:v](动词)
释义:相信;认为
例句:I believe that he will come.(我相信他会来。)
4.tuly['tu:li]副词)
释义:真正地;确实地
例句:He is truly a kind person.(他确实是个善良的人。)
5.show[aU](动词,过去式showed,过去分词shown/showed)
释义:展示;表明;证明
例句:His actions showed his honesty.(他的行为表明了他的诚实。)
6.keep[kip](动词,现在分词keeping,过去式kept,过去分词kept)
释义:保持;保留;遵守
例句:You should keep your promise.(你应该遵守你的诺言。)
7.development[dr'velapmant](名词)
释义:发展;发育;开发
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例句:The development of the city is very fast.(这个城市的发展很快。)
8.dynasty['dmnasti](名词)
释义:朝代;王朝
例句:The Ming Dynasty was famous for its porcelain.(明朝以其瓷器闻名。)
9.kow[nU](动词,过去式knew,过去分词known)
释义:知道;了解;认识
例句:I know him very well.(我很了解他。)
10.promote[pr3mUt](动词)
释义:促进;提升;推广
例句:The activity aims to promote cultural exchange.(这项话动旨在促进文化交
流。)
1l.traditional[tr3'danl](形容词)
释义:传统的;惯例的
例句:Traditional Chinese festivals are very interesting.(中国传统节日很有意思。)
12.research [r's3t们(名词/动词)
释义:研究;调查(作名词时常用复数形式researches)
例句:They are doing some research on this subject..(他们正在对这个课题做一些研
究。)
l3.international[nta'naefnal(形容词)
释义:国际的;世界的
例句:International trade is very important.(国际贸易很重要。)
14.value['vaelju:](动词/名词)
释义:重视;珍视(作动词时);价值(作名词时)
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例句:He values friendship very much.(他非常重视友谊。)
15.invent[n'vent](动词)
释义:发明:创造
例句:Edison invented the electric light bulb.(爱迪生发明了电灯泡。)
16.traditional[tr3'dnl](形容词,再次出现巩固记忆)
释义:传统的(同上述释义)
例句:She likes traditional Chinese clothes.(她喜欢中国传统服饰。)
17.chain[tfem](名词)
释义:链条;连锁店;一连串
例句:There is a chain of mountains in the west.(西部有连绵的山脉。)
18.choice[tbIs](名词)
释义:选择;抉择
例句:You have to make a choice between these two books.(你得在这两本书之间做
个选择。)
19.competitive [kam'pet at虹v](形容词)
释义:竞争的;有竞争力的
例句:The market is very competitive.(市场竞争很激烈。)
20.inclusive[m'klu:sIv](形容词)
释义:包容的;包含的
例句:We should build an inclusive society.(我们应该构建一个包容的社会。)
21.breakthrough['brerk0u:](名词)
释义:突破;重大进展
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例句:They achieved a major breakthrough in the research.(他们在研究中取得了重大
突破。)
22.mentality[men'taelati](名词)
释义:心态;心理;思想方法
例句:We should change our old mentality.(我们应该改变I旧的心态。)
23.perspective [p3'spektIv](名词)
释义:观点;视角;远景
例句:From a different perspective,things look different.(从不同的视角看,事物看
起来不一样。)
24.participant [pa:'tIsIpant]名词)
释义:参与者;参加者
例句:The participants came from different countries.(参与者来自不同国家。)
25.competition[komp3'tun](名词)
释义:比赛;竞赛
例句:She won the first prize in the competition.(她在比赛中获得了一等奖。)
26.curious[kjuarias](形容词)
释义:好奇的
例句:He is always curious about new things..(他总是对新事物感到好奇。)
27.judge[d3Ad3](名词/动词)
释义:评委;裁判员(作名词时);判断;评判(作动词时)
例句:The judge made a fair decision.(栽判做出了公平的决定。)
28.annually['cenjuali](副词)
释义:每年;一年一次地
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例句:The meeting is held annually.(会议每年举行一次。)
29.understand[Ande'staend](动词,过去式understood,过去分词understood)
释义:理解;明白
例句:I can't understand what he said.(我不明白他说的话。)
30.global['glaubl](形容词)
释义:全球的;全世界的
例句:Global warming is a serious problem.(全球变暖是个严重的问题。)
31.personal['p3:snl](形容词)
释义:个人的;私人的
例句:This is my personal opinion.(这是我的个人观点。)
【习题精做】
语法填空C1
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A museum showing cultural heritage that 1.
(date)back 3,900 to 4,300 years
opened to the public on November 12,2024 in north China's Shanxi Province.The Taosi Site
Museum in Xiangfen County 2.
(build)on the edge of the Taosi heritage site and it
took 46 years of hard work.The Taosi site is believed 3.
(be)most likely the ruins of
the capital city during the period of Yao and Shun.
Researches show that Taosi people grew crops,raised farm animals,4.
made
crafts,creating a lively culture.The ruins include 6,500-square-meter palace bases.In the
museum's formal and music part,there are restored ancient dinner party scenes with drums
and bells.Experts say that they were found in certain number and position combinations.This
shows that there was 5.
(true)a formal music system at that very time.There are 230
sets of cultural heritage on display,6.
show the culture and life of ancient
people.Some scholars think these might be related to 7.
(keep)time.
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Yan Yalin,who is the director of the archaeology department of the National
Cultural Heritage Administration,said,"These findings show 8.
important new
stage in the formation and 9.
(develop)of Chinese civilization."Experts also said
that Taosi shows the early features of a state society and suggests later 10.
(dynasty).
【语篇解读】本文是一篇报道。文章主要介绍了山西省襄汾县陶寺遗址博物馆的
情况。
1.dates考查时态和主谓一-致。句意:2024年11月12日,一座展示3900至4300
年前文化遗产的博物馆在中国北部山西省向公众开放。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少谓
语动词,结合句意可知,此处描述的是客观事实,所以用一般现在时,主语是cultural
heritage(文化遗产),所以用动词的第三人称单数形式dates。故填dates。
2.was built考查动词时态和语态。句意:襄汾县陶寺遗址博物馆建在陶寺遗址的
边缘,历时46年的努力。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少谓语动词,主语The Taosi Site
Museum(陶寺遗址博物馆)和动词build(建造)是被动关系,所以此处用被动语态,结构
为"b十过去分词”,结合句意可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时,主
语是第三人称单数,所以be动词用was,build的过去分词是built.。故填was built。.
3.tobe考查固定短语。句意:陶寺遗址被认为最有可能成为尧舜时期的首都遗
址。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少不定式tobe,构成固定短语be believed to be,意
为“被认为是”。故填tobe。
4.d考查连词。句意:研究表明,陶寺人种植农作物,饲养家畜,制作手工艺
品,创造了一种生动的文化。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少连词,分析句意可知,此处
是三个连续的动作,所以用连词and(和)表并列。故填and。
5.y考查副词。句意:这表明在那个时候确实有一个正式的音乐系统。分析
句子结构可知,此处缺少副词,修饰句子,形容词tu(真实的)的副词是tuly。故填
tuly。
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6.which考查定语从句。句意:展出的文化遗产有230套,展示了古代人民的文
化和生活。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,此处缺少关系词,指代
cultural heritage(文化遗产),且在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which。故填which。
7.keeping考查动名词。句意:一些学者认为这些可能与保存时间有关。分析句
子结构可知,此处缺少动名词,作介词to的宾语,动词kep(保存)的动名词是
keeping。故填keeping。
8.n考查冠词。句意:这些发现展示了中华文明形成和发展的重要新阶段。分
析句子结构可知,此处缺少不定冠词,修饰可数名词单数stag(阶段),表示泛指,
important(重要的)是元音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
9.development考查名词。句意:这些发现展示了中华文明形成和发展的重要新
阶段。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少名词,作介词in的宾语,动词develop(发展)的名
词是development,此处是抽象名词,不可数。故填development。
l0.dynasties考查名词复数形式。句意:专家还表示,陶寺显示了早期国家社会
的特征,并暗示了后来的朝代。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少名词,作宾语,名词
dynasty(朝代)是可数名词,结合语境可知,朝代不止一个,故此处应用dynasty的复数
形式。故填dynasties。
语法填空C2
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Respected scholar of Chinese classical literature Florence Chia-ying Yeh,also
1
(know)as Ye Jiaying,passed away on Sunday in Tianjin at the age of 100,
according to the city's Nankai University.
Ye,2.
spent all her life promoting classical poetry and 3
(tradition)
Chinese culture,made an enormous contribution to bringing them to a wider audience and the
world.Ye devoted more than 70 years to teaching,4.
(research)and promoting
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classical Chinese poetry both in China and 5.
(international).Even in 6.
(she)90s,she continued her academic pursuits.Many famous 7.
(writer),including
Kenneth Hsien-yung Pai and Hsi Mu-jung,were among her students.
Despite her many accomplishments,Ye 8.
(value)the title "teacher"the
most."If there is a life after this,I would choose to be 9.
teacher again,and still
teach classical poetry,"said Ye 10.her 90th birthday.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古典文学的尊敬学者叶嘉莹的生
平及其对中国古典诗歌和传统文化的贡献。
1,kowm考查非谓语动词。句意:据天津南开大学称,中国古典文学的尊敬学
者Florence Chia--ying Yeh(也被称为叶嘉莹)于周日在天津去世,享年l00岁。动词kmow
和主语Florence Chia--ying Yeh为被动关系,作后置定语时使用过去分词。故填known。
2.Wh0考查定语从句。句意:叶终其一生都在推广古典诗歌和中国传统文化,
为将古典诗歌和中国传统文化传播给更广泛的受众和世界做出了巨大贡献。此处是一个
非限制性定语从句,先行词是Y,在从句中作主语,指人,因此用关系代词wh0引
导。故填wh0。
3.traditional考查形容词。句意:叶终其一生都在推广古典诗歌和中国传统文
化,为将古典诗歌和中国传统文化传播给更广泛的受众和世界做出了巨大贡献。此处修
饰名词Chinese culture,需用形容词traditional。故填traditional。
4.researching考查非谓语动词。句意:70多年来,他致力于中国及国际古典诗
词的教学、研究和推广。此处与teaching和promoting并列,需用动名词形式researching
作宾语。故填researching。
5.internationally考查副词。句意:70多年来,他致力于中国及国际古典诗词的
教学、研究和推广。修饰动词promoting,需用副词形式internationally。故填
internationally。
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6.hr考查代词。句意:即使在她90多岁的时候,她仍然继续从事学术研究。in
one's十基数词的复数,为固定搭配,表示“在某人多少岁时”。故填her。
7.writers考查名词复数。句意:许多著名的作家,包括白先勇和席慕蓉,都是
她的学生。空处需用名词复数形式writers与后文的were保持一致。many后接名词复
数。故填writers。
8.valued考查动词时态。句意:尽管叶嘉莹有许多成就,但她最看重的称号
是“老师”。根据语境讲述过去的事实,需用一般过去时,动词用过去式valued。故填
valued.
9.考查冠词。句意:“如果有来生,我会选择再次成为一名教师,继续教授古
典诗歌,"叶在她90岁生日时说。空处表示泛指”一名老师”,需用不定冠词,teacher首
字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
10.0n考查介词。句意:“如果有来生,我会选择再次成为一名教师,继续教授
古典诗歌,"叶在她90岁生日时说。onon's birthday为固定搭,表示“在某人的生日那
天”。故填on。
语法填空C3
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It seems that on every street corner in the world,there is a fast-food restaurant.People
everywhere are busy,1.they do not want to wait for their food.Around the world,
$240 billion a year 2.
(spend)on fast food.Yet,even though fast food has become
quite popular,there are many myths about it.
The first myth is that fast food is a recent 3.
(invent).This is not true
(many)than 2,000 years ago,the people of Rome lined up in the street to buy
quick 5.
(meal)at small stands.One type of their most popular fast food looked a lot
6
a modern hamburger.All through history,people have always eaten fast food.
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The second myth is that all fast food is American.While many modern fast-food
restaurants are American,some very 7.
(tradition)Chinese food is nearly fast
food.This includes mantou,noodles and Chinese dumplings.In fact,one of the most popular
fast-food chains(连锁店in the USA8.(
(be)a Chinese food chain,Panda
Express.It has more than 1,600 restaurants in America.
Finally,many people think that fast food is always bad for them.This is true for a lot of
fast food.9.
nearly every fast-food restaurant has some healthy food on its menu,
and some fast-food restaurants only make healthy food.The problem is not fast food,but the
choices we make.We can choose 10.(eat)healthy food,even at fast-food
restaurants
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了关于快餐的三个误区:一是快餐是
近来的发明;二是所有快餐都是美国的;三是快餐总是不健康。
1.$0考查连词。句意:到处的人们都很忙,所以他们不想等他们的食物。根据
空前"People everywhere are busy''及空后"they do not want to wait for their food'可知,前后
为因果关系,所以用连词$0连接,表示“所以”。故填$0。
2.is spent考查动词时态和语态。句意:全世界每年在快餐上花费2400亿美元。
根据时间状语a year可知,句子用一般现在时,又因为主语$240 billion和动词spend之
间是被动关系,故使用一般现在时被动语态。故填is$pt。
3.invention考查名词。句意:第一个荒诞的说法是快餐是最近发明的。设空处
使用名词表语,由recent修饰。故填invention。
4.Moe考查短语。句意:2000多年前,罗马人在街上排队,在小摊上买快餐。
句中的than为比较级标志,设空处应填many的比较级形式,此处表示“更多"用more,
同时该空置于句首,开头单词首字母大写。故填More。
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5.mals考查名词复数。句意:2000多年前,罗马人在街上排队,在小摊上买快
餐。设空处使用名词作宾语,mal意为“餐”是可数名词,此处表示复数意义,其复数形
式为meals。.故填meals。.
6.ik考查介词。句意:他们最受欢迎的快餐中的一种看起来很像现代的汉堡
包。句中look like为固定短语,表示“像”。故填like。
7.traditional考查形容词。句意:虽然许多现代快餐店都是美国的,但一些非常
传统的中国食物几乎就是快餐。设空处应填形容词作定语,修饰名词00d,结合句
意"传统的"是traditional。故填traditional。
8.$考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:事实上,美国最受欢迎的快餐连锁店之一
是中国的熊猫快餐。根据全文时态及句意可知,句子表示客观事实,故使用一般现在
时,主语one of the most popular fast-food chains为单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数
形式。故填iS。
9.However考查副词。句意:然而,几乎所有的快餐店都有一些健康的食物在菜
单上,并且一些快餐店只做健康的食物。根据空前"This is true for a lot of fast food''及空
后"nearly every fast-food restaurant has some healthy food on its menu"可知,前后句意存在
转折关系,所以设空处应填副词however,表示“然而”。句首首字母要大写。故填
However。
10.to eat考查非谓语动词。句意:我们可以选择吃健康的食物,即使是在快餐
店。choose to do sth意为“选择做某事"”,设空处使用不定式结构作宾语。故填toat。
语法填空C4
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Foreign participants took part in the International Chinese Character Competition on
Teacher's Day,2024.
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The participants said:"Learning Chinese has opened a new door to 1.
(understand)the real China and building friendship and trust with people 2.
(global).”
The finals of the competition were held in Chengdu,Sichuan province.Ten competitors
from foreign countries shared their 3.
(person)connection with hanzi,or Chinese
characters,by delivering speeches in Chinese.
Ayrton Loureiro,the top winner,4.
has ties to both France and South Africa,
said that"There is a history and a story behind each Chinese character.Once you discover their
meaning,5.
(learn)them can be very interesting.He came to China for travel and
study six years ago just out of 6.
(curious),and he never wanted to leave,as
had turned out to be a right decision.His family members knew nothing about
China before,but now all of them are attracted to visit the country.He took them to different
places 8.
(base)on what they like.
Zhang Chaoyi,a judge of the competition,said that "The event has shown the world's
growing interest in Chinese culture,which is 9
encouragement for international
Chinese language education workers."
The event 10
(hold)annually ever since 2021,drawing the participation of
many Chinese language learners from 80 countries.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了在教师节举行的国际汉字竞赛的
情况。
1.understanding考查动名词。句意:参赛者说:“学习中文为我们了解真正的中
国,与世界各地的人民建立友谊和信任打开了一扇新的大门。"0为介词,空处需填动
名词作宾语。故填understanding。
2.globally考查副词。句意:参赛者说:“学习中文为我们了解真正的中国,与世
界各地的人民建立友谊和信任打开了一扇新的大门。"所给词“global'为形容词,修饰动
词短语building friendship and trust需用其副词作状语。故填globally。
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3.personal考查形容词。句意:来自外国的l0名参赛者通过用中文演讲,分享
了他们与汉字的个人联系。所给词"person'”为名词,修饰名词connection需用所给词的
形容词作定语,含义为“个人的”。故填personal。.
4.W刚0考查定语从句。句意:冠军艾顿·卢雷罗与法国和南非都有联系,他
说:“每个汉字背后都有一段历史和故事。一旦你发现了它们的含义,学习它们就会非
常有趣。"空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Ayrton Loureiro,引导词指人,且在
从句中作主语,故用关系代词wh0引导。故填wh0。
5.learning考查动名词。句意:冠军艾顿·卢雷罗与法国和南非都有联系,他
说:“每个汉字背后都有一段历史和故事。一旦你发现了它们的含义,学习它们就会非
常有趣。"can be'”为谓语动词,空处需填动名词作主语。故填learning。
6.curi0sty考查名词。句意:他六年前出于好奇来到中国旅游学习,事实证明这
是一个正确的决定,他再也不想离开了。所给词"curious”为形容词,作介词out of的宾
语需用其名词形式curiosity,表示“好奇心”。短语out of curiosity含义为出于好奇。故填
cur1os1ty。
7.t考查代词。句意:他六年前出于好奇来到中国旅游学习,事实证明这是一个
正确的决定,他再也不想离开了。空处指代上文整个句子内容,需用代词t作主语。故
填it。
8.basd考查非谓语动词。句意:他根据他们的喜好带他们去不同的地方。took
为谓语动词,空处作非谓语动词,be based on“基于"为固定搭配,作非谓语时去掉
be动词,使用过去分词形式即可。故填based。.
9.n考查冠词。句意:比赛评委张超一说:“这一活动表明了全世界对中国文化
的兴趣日益增长,这对国际中文教育工作者来说是一种鼓励。"encouragement为可数名
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词,此处表泛指,含义为”一种鼓励"需用不定冠词,且encouragement是元音音素开头
的单词,需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
10.has been held考查时态和语态。句意:自2021年以来,这一活动每年举办一
次,吸引了来自80个国家的许多中文学习者参加。空处为句子谓语动词,根据时间状
语ever since2021可知,此处应用现在完成时态,主语event和hold为被动关系,需用
现在完成时的被动语态,主语为单数名词,助动词需用has。故填has been held.
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