Unit 2 Grammar in Use 讲义 2026-2027学年英语仁爱科普版八年级上册

Unit 2 The World of Art　Grammar in Use 课时基本信息 课　　题 Unit 2 The World of Art — Grammar in Use（Indefinite pronouns & Adverbs of place/time；Exclamatory sentences） 课　　型 语法课（第四课时·45分钟） 年　　级 八年级上册 版　　本 仁爱科普版（2024）英语八年级上册 教学重难点 【教学重点】 分清 some-/any-/every-/no- 四类复合不定代词与地点/时间副词的使用场景，掌握形容词后置与谓语单数两条规则,掌握 What/How 感叹句基础结构并完成同义转换（What+（a/an）+adj+n；How+adj/adv） 【教学难点】 辨析 some- 与 any- 在疑问句中的不同使用（委婉请求期待肯定回答用 some-）,准确区分不可数名词、单数可数名词、复数名词在 What 感叹句中的搭配形式（a/an 的取舍） 词汇速览 anybody / anybody else /ˈenibɒdi/ pron. 任何人（any- 类：否定句、一般疑问句固定用；肯定句表「无论任何」——Anybody can see this. 任何人都能看到；作主语谓语用单数） everybody / everyone /ˈevribɒdi/ pron. 每个人；所有人（every- 类：表全部、无一例外，只用于肯定句；作主语谓语用单数——Everyone loves traditional Chinese art.；不与 of 连用，表「……之中每一个」用 every one of） nobody / no one /ˈnəʊbɒdi/ pron. 没有人（no- 类：本身自带否定，句子不能再加 not——Nobody knows the history of this tower.=No one knows...；no one 可接 of 短语，nobody 不能接 of；同义替换 no-=not+any-） somewhere / anywhere /ˈsʌmweə(r) /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. 在某处／任何地方（somewhere 多用于肯定句——I thought it was somewhere in the room.；anywhere 用于否定句疑问句——Did you find any beautiful paintings anywhere?；形容词修饰两者均后置：somewhere quiet） everything / nothing /ˈevriθɪŋ /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ pron. 一切事物／没有任何事物（everything 表全部——I express everything with music.；nothing 自带否定——she has nothing new to read. 形容词 new 后置；nothing impossible 没有什么不可能） （一）导入 · 例句观察四组 【过渡语】上一课感叹了古画——这节课先来四个「艺术之谜」句子，找找加粗词的秘密。 例句四组：①She would like to read something, but right now she has nothing new to read.（她想读点什么，但现在没有新的可读）②The painting on the wall is beautiful. Anybody can see this. But nobody knows anything about the painter.（画很美谁都看得出，但没人了解画家）③Everyone should know the importance of traditional buildings. No one should harm them.（人人都该知道古建的重要性，没人该破坏它们）④I looked for my notebook everywhere. I thought it was somewhere in the room.（到处找笔记本，以为在房间某处） 【提示框】 四组句子里加粗词有个共同点：都由「some/any/every/no+词根」拼成——词根定词性（-body/-one 指人、-thing 指物、-where 指地点）。 （二）线一 · 四类总表 【过渡语】把四类排成一张表——横看词根、竖看前缀，规律全在格子里。 四类总表：some-（someone/somebody 某人；something 某物某事；somewhere 在某处；sometime 某个时候）；any-（anyone/anybody 任何人；anything 任何事物；anywhere 任何地方；anytime 任何时候）；every-（everyone/everybody 每个人；everything 一切事物；everywhere 到处；everytime 每次）；no-（no one/nobody 没人；nothing 没什么；nowhere 无处；no time 没有时间） 记忆法：前缀定含义（some 某一／any 任何／every 每个／no 没有），词根定对象（-body/-one 人、-thing 物、-where 地点、-time 时间）——4×4 十六个词一次记全。 【知识点】 ▶「前缀×词根」造词矩阵：4 个前缀×4 个词根=16 个词——分类表格是记忆的脚手架，横竖各记一遍。 【提示框】 no- 类四个词分两种写法：指人用 no one（分开写）和 nobody（合写）——no one 可接 of 短语（no one of them✗ 不对，是 none of them），nobody 不能接 of；表「没有人中的一个」用 none of them。 四类不定代词总表页 （三）规则两条 · 后置与单数 规则①：形容词、不定式修饰复合不定代词/地点副词，必须放在单词后面，不能前置——There is something amazing in the ancient painting.（这幅古画里有令人惊叹的内容）I want to visit somewhere quiet in the old town.（我想去古镇里一处安静的地方） 规则②：所有复合不定代词/副词作主语，一律视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式——Everyone loves traditional Chinese art.／Nobody knows the history of this tower. 【知识点】 ▶两铁规一句诀：「修饰词往后站、作主语按单数」——something amazing✓（amazing something✗）；Everyone loves✓（Everyone love✗）。 （四）四类分述 · 场景定前缀 every-（全部、每一个）：表全部无一例外，只用于肯定句；谓语单数；不与 of 连用，表「……之中每一个」用 every one of——Everyone likes this ancient tower.／We can see traditional art everywhere. some-（某一、某些）：多用于肯定句；委婉请求、建议的疑问句（期待肯定回答）也用 some-——There is something amazing in this old scroll.／Someone is drawing Peking Opera costumes.（有人正在画京剧戏服） any-（任何）：否定句、一般疑问句固定用 any-；肯定句表「无论任何、随便任一」——否定句 I don't know anything about the painter.；肯定句 Anyone can enjoy the beauty of ancient buildings.；疑问句 Did you find any beautiful paintings anywhere? no-（完全否定）：自带否定含义，句子不能再加 not；同义替换 no-=not+any-——This old painting leads us nowhere.（这幅古画无法带我们找到任何线索）Nobody knows the story of this old tower.=No one knows the story of this old tower. 【知识点】 ▶场景定前缀四句话：肯定说 some、否定疑问 any、全都 every、彻底否定 no——「Would you like something to drink?」是 some- 进疑问句的唯一通行证（期待肯定回答的委婉请求）。 【提示框】 no-=not+any- 同义替换是句型转换利器：Nobody knows it.=Nobody doesn't know it✗——no- 类句子不能再加 not，正确转换是 Nobody knows it.=Not anybody knows it✗ 也不对——记住 no- 自带否定，表达否定直接用 no- 类词即可。 （五）填空操练 · 五空定形 【过渡语】规则在手——五道填空当场验货。 Complete the sentences with the words in the box（anything/someone/anywhere/something/everything）：1. Art can be about anything beautiful in life.（艺术可以关于生活中任何美好事物——anything+形容词后置）2. A painter can create something really magical.（创作真正神奇的东西——形容词后置） 3. A film can take us anywhere, from the real world to the unknown.（带我们去任何地方——从现实世界到未知）4. I express everything with music. I can't live without music.（用音乐表达一切——everything 表全部）5. In a novel, a writer often writes about the life of someone.（写某个人的一生——someone 某人） 【知识点】 ▶五空判据链：anything beautiful（泛指任何+后置）→something magical（肯定创造+后置）→anywhere（take us anywhere 带去任何地方）→everything（can't live without music 离不开音乐=全部）→someone（the life of someone 某个人）。 （六）语篇圈词 · 电影的世界 Read the text and circle the correct words：Movies can tell stories about (something／anything)→something（肯定陈述）。They can take us (anywhere／somewhere)→anywhere（带我们去世界上任何地方）in the world, and they can bring us back to history or into the future (anytime／sometime)→anytime（任何时候）。 By making movies, we can create a magic world of (nothing／something)→something（创造一个神奇的世界）。In the magic world of movies, there is (nothing／something) impossible→nothing（nothing impossible 没有什么不可能——no- 自带否定）。Movies always have something for (no one／someone)→someone（总有一款适合某人）, so we all love watching movies. 【知识点】 ▶语篇判据：肯定陈述选 something／somewhere 系；泛指「任何」选 anywhere/anytime；「nothing impossible」是固定表达（没有什么不可能）——no- 类自带否定不加 not。 【提示框】 第 5 空 there is nothing impossible——别被 impossible 吸引选 something，句意是「电影魔法世界里没有什么不可能」，nothing impossible 双重否定表强烈肯定。 （七）线二 · 感叹句对话与结构表 【过渡语】不定代词收官——第二条线接棒：音乐会对话里的三声感叹。 Pair work 对话（concert 情境）：I'm going to a concert.—How exciting!（多令人兴奋！）You know, I'm really into music. I can enjoy my favorite songs.—How wonderful it is!（多美妙啊！）Why not come with me?—I'd like to, but I have to practice basketball with Junfeng.—What a pity!（真遗憾！） 结构表填空：What+名词（+主谓）!；How+形容词/副词（+主谓）!——例句四组：What an exciting film!（可数单数加 an）How sweet the song sounds!（形容词+系动词）What great paintings they are!（复数名词不加冠词）How well the girl is dancing!（副词 well） 【知识点】 ▶感叹句结构表：核心词是名词→What（+a/an）；核心词是形容词/副词→How——What an exciting film（an 因 exciting 元音开头）；How well（副词也能进 How 感叹句）。 【提示框】 I'm really into music（我真的很痴迷音乐）——be into sth 痴迷于某物，口语高频；What a pity! 真遗憾（可数单数 pity 加 a）。 感叹句对话与结构表页 （八）看图造句 · 三组双句转换 【过渡语】结构表填好了——三组图片各造「How 句+What 句」一对，同义转换练起来。 第一组（study hard／beautiful flowers）：How hard the boy studies!（男孩学习多努力——hard 副词）／What a hard-working boy he is!（多勤奋的男孩——可数单数加 a，hard-working 合成形容词）；How beautiful the flowers are!／What beautiful flowers they are!（复数名词 What 不加冠词） 第二组（delicious food／fat cat）：What delicious food it is!／How delicious the food is!（food 不可数 What 不加冠词）；What a fat cat it is!／How fat the cat is!（可数单数加 a） 第三组（great fun／awful weather）：What great fun they are having!（fun 不可数）；What awful weather it is!／How awful the weather is!（weather 不可数） 【知识点】 ▶What 感叹句的冠词三态：可数单数加 a/an（What a fat cat!）；复数不加（What beautiful flowers!）；不可数不加（What delicious food!／What great fun!／What awful weather!）——先判断名词「可数不可数」再落笔。 【提示框】 同一意思 How/What 双句转换公式：How+adj+主谓!⇔What+（a/an）+adj+名词+主谓!——What 句里的名词是 How 句形容词对应的名词化。 看图造感叹句页（study hard／beautiful flowers） （九）随堂检测 限时独立完成随堂检测（本课语法），完成后同桌互批，逐题核对订正。 一、1. C　2. D　3. C　二、4. What an amazing　5. How expensive　6. What an 一、单项选择 1. —Did you go _______ during your holiday? —Yes, we visited the Maiji Mountain with my cousin. A. interesting somewhere　B. somewhere interesting　C. anywhere interesting　D. interesting anywhere 2. _______ present it is! Thank you very much. A. What a specially　B. What special a　C. What special　D. What a special 3. There must be _____ knocking at the door. It may be a stranger trying to sell something. A. everyone　B. no one　C. someone　D. anyone 二、句型转换 4. It is amazing to recycle old phones into art. (改为感叹句) _________________ thing it is to recycle old phones into art! 5. The red T-shirt is very expensive. (改为感叹句) _________________ the red T-shirt is! 6. This film is so interesting. (改为感叹句) _________________ interesting film this is! （十）小结与作业 Summary 两条：①复合不定代词——前缀×词根矩阵（4×4=16 词）；场景定前缀（肯定 some／否定疑问 any／全都 every／彻底否定 no）；两条铁规（形容词后置／作主语按单数）。②感叹句——What+（a/an）+adj+名词 vs How+adj/adv；冠词三态（可数单数加 a/an、复数不加、不可数不加）；How/What 同义转换公式。 Homework 分层——Need to do：Sort out grammar notes of What-/How- exclamations.（整理感叹句语法笔记）Make 5 sentences with compound indefinite pronouns.（用复合不定代词造 5 句）Choose to do：Make a short dialogue using indefinite pronouns and exclamations.（用不定代词与感叹句编短对话） 【提示框】 造句自查：每句至少含一个不定代词，形容词修饰的是否后置？作主语时谓语是否单数？ 语言点归纳 课堂总结 本课为单元语法课（第四课时），两条语法线并进。线一——复合不定代词与地点/时间副词：例句观察四组（艺术语境）：①She would like to read something, but right now she has nothing new to read.（something 想读点什么；nothing new 没有新的可读——形容词 new 后置）②The painting on the wall is beautiful. Anybody can see this. But nobody knows anything about the painter.（任何人都能看出美；没人了解画家——nobody 自带否定，anything 用于否定）③Everyone should know the importance of traditional buildings. No one should harm them.（人人都该知道古建重要性；没人该破坏它们）④I looked for my notebook everywhere. I thought it was somewhere in the room.（到处找笔记本；以为在房间某处）。四类总表：some-（someone/somebody 某人；something 某物某事；somewhere 在某处；sometime 某个时候）；any-（anyone/anybody 任何人；anything 任何事物；anywhere 任何地方；anytime 任何时候）；every-（everyone/everybody 每个人；everything 一切；everywhere 到处；everytime 每次）；no-（no one/nobody 没人；nothing 没什么；nowhere 无处；no time 没有时间）。规则两条：①形容词、不定式修饰复合不定代词/地点副词必须后置——There is something amazing in the ancient painting.／I want to visit somewhere quiet in the old town.；②所有复合不定代词/副词作主语一律视为单数——Everyone loves traditional Chinese art.／Nobody knows the history of this tower.。四类分述：every-（表全部无一例外，只用于肯定句；谓语单数；不与 of 连用，表「……之中每一个」用 every one of）；some-（多用于肯定句；委婉请求、建议的疑问句期待肯定回答也用 some-——Would you like something to drink? 类推）；any-（否定句、一般疑问句固定用 any-；肯定句表「无论任何、随便任一」——Anyone can enjoy the beauty of ancient buildings.）；no-（自带否定，句子不能再加 not；no one 可搭配 of 短语，nobody 不能接 of；同义替换 no-=not+any-）。填空五空（anything/someone/anywhere/something/everything）：1. Art can be about anything beautiful in life.（艺术可以关于生活中任何美好的事物）2. A painter can create something really magical.（创作真正神奇的东西——形容词后置）3. A film can take us anywhere, from the real world to the unknown.（带我们去任何地方）4. I express everything with music. I can't live without music.（用音乐表达一切）5. In a novel, a writer often writes about the life of someone.（写某个人的生活）。语篇圈词六空：Movies can tell stories about something.（something——肯定陈述）They can take us anywhere in the world.（anywhere——任意地方）and they can bring us back to history or into the future anytime.（anytime——任何时候）By making movies, we can create a magic world of something.（something——一个神奇的世界）In the magic world of movies, there is nothing impossible.（nothing impossible——没有什么不可能）Movies always have something for someone, so we all love watching movies.（something for someone——总有一款适合某人）。线二——感叹句：对话观察（concert 情境）——How exciting!／How wonderful it is!／What a pity!（真遗憾！）。结构表格：What+名词（+主谓）!；How+形容词/副词（+主谓）!——例句：What an exciting film!（可数单数加 an）；How sweet the song sounds!（形容词）；What great paintings they are!（复数不加冠词）；How well the girl is dancing!（副词）。看图造句双句转换：study hard→How hard the boy studies!／What a hard-working boy he is!；beautiful flowers→How beautiful the flowers are!／What beautiful flowers they are!（复数 What 不加冠词）；delicious food→What delicious food it is!／How delicious the food is!（不可数 What 不加冠词）；fat cat→What a fat cat it is!／How fat the cat is!；great fun→What great fun they are having!（fun 不可数）；awful weather→What awful weather it is!／How awful the weather is!（weather 不可数）。随堂检测：单项选择三题（anywhere interesting——疑问句+形容词后置／What a special present——可数单数加 a／someone knocking——肯定陈述推测）+句型转换三题（What an amazing thing it is to recycle old phones into art!——a 变 an／How expensive the red T-shirt is!／What an interesting film this is!）。Homework 分层：Need to do——整理 What-/How- 感叹句语法笔记、用复合不定代词造 5 句；Choose to do——用不定代词与感叹句编一段短对话。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $