05 专题五 不容忽视的小词（主书）-【领航中考】2027年中考英语一轮总复习
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专题五 不容忽视的小词
第一节 冠词
【要点专练】
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 AACCC
(二)1.a 2.an 3.the 4.a 5.the
【能力测试】
(一)1—5 BCCAC 6—10 BBCBC
(二)11.falling 12.mountain 13.choice 14.walk 15.from 16.quiet
17.yourself 18.programs 19.Finally 20.whenever
(三)21.What time do you usually have breakfast?
22.Look! There is a cat in the tree.
23.Did John have/catch a cold yesterday?
24.My brother plays basketball well, but he cant play the piano.
25.The girl with glasses is a university student.
第二节 代词
【要点专练】
要点1 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 CBABA
(二)1.He 2.his 3.their 4.us
5.ourselves
要点2 指示代词、不定代词
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 BCCBB
(二)1.this 2.All 3.either 4.herself
5.others
【能力测试】
(一)1—5 BBABC 6—10 BCCBA
(二)11.everyone 12.everyone 13.makes 14.an
15.fewer 16.His 17.enough 18.badly
19.noses 20.with
(三)21.We go to school by bike.
22.Lets clean your room first, and then clean mine.
23.Either you or Jim watches a movie with me.
24.There are few people on the street.
25.Would you like something to eat?
第三节 数词
【要点专练】
要点1 基数词与序数词的构成与基本用法
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 AAABB
(二)1.years 2.her 3.twice 4.One
5.How
要点2 序数词构成与基本用法
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 BCAAB
(二)1.tallest 2.built 3.first 4.eighty⁃eighth
5.second
【能力测试】
(一)1—5 BACBC 6—10 BABBC
(二)11.its 12.Every 13.because 14.show
15.since 16.visitors 17.hundreds
18.good 19.connection 20.an
(三)21.There are thirty classrooms in our school.
22.The mountain is the second highest mountain in our city.
23.She is a three⁃month⁃old baby.
24.He started to learn music at the age of three.
25.Hundreds of trees are cut down every year.
第四节 介词和介词短语
【要点专练】
要点1 表示时间的介词
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 ABCAB
(二)1.at 2.biggest 3.failed 4.On 5.for
要点2 表示地点的介词
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 ABACC
(二)1.under 2.across 3.into
4.around 5.over
要点3 表示方式的介词&要点4 其他介词
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 BCAAC
(二)1.without 2.herself 3.except 4.like
5.by
要点5 介词短语
[对点微语篇练习]
(一)1—5 ABACB
(二)1.in 2.got 3.at 4.about 5.out
【能力测试】
(一)1—5 BABBC 6—10 CAACB
(二)11.see 12.people 13.what
14.spending 15.of 16.so 17.in
18.snowy 19.as 20.value
(三)21.He takes a/the subway to work every day./He goes to work by subway every day.
22.My new classmates are very friendly/nice to me./My new classmate is very friendly/nice to me.
23.On a warm afternoon, we went to climb mountains./We went to climb mountains on a warm afternoon.
24.There is a small park between the library and the museum.
25.Without her/the teachers/teachers help, Mary couldnt make progress./Mary couldnt make progress without her/the teachers/teachers help.
第五节 感叹词和标点符号
【要点专练】
【对点微语篇练习】
(一)1—5 CBBAC
(二)1. 2., 3.? 4., 5.“
【能力测试】
(一)1—5 BCABC 6—10 CCBAA
(二)11.busy 12.hometown 13.rule
14.offer 15.efforts 16.expected
17.outside 18.up 19.themselves 20.when
(三)21.How useful/helpful the speech is!/What a useful/helpful speech it is!
22.How often do you go to the beach/ seaside?
23.Wow! You are really good at cooking./Wow! You really do well in cooking.
24.Will you (go to) clean up the park with us tomorrow?
25.He shouted angrily, “Dont jump up and down!”/He shouted angrily, “Stop jumping up and down!”
语法阶段检测二
一、1—5 ABBCC
二、6.fifth 7.hundred 8.worse 9.herself 10.easily
三、11—15 ABCBC 16—20 ACBAA
四、21.nature 22.lose 23.surprise
24.encouraged 25.later 26.low 27.over
28.we 29.why 30.difference
五、31—35 ABCAD
六、36.The writer thought it would be fun and easy (at the very beginning).
37.Because she didnt pay attention to the sharp knife while cutting vegetables.
38.No, she didnt.
39.Moms words sound encouraging.
40.The writer sees mistakes as stepping stones to achievements.
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专题五 不容忽视的小词
第一节 冠词
知识概览
要点专练
冠词:放在名词前面,帮助说明名词所表达的人或事物。
要点1 a和an的区别
a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前,如:a book, a story。
an用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前,如:an orange, an old lady。
1.u发音为/juː/ 时,前面用a,如:a useful book, a university。
u发音为/ʌ/时,前面用an,如:an umbrella, an ugly duck。
2.首字母不发音的单词,如: an honest boy, an hour。
3.以元音音素开头的字母用an,如“a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x”,口诀:Mr. Li has one fox。
如:There is an “s” in the word “bus”.
4.易错词,如:a one⁃eyed panda, a European country。
要点2 冠词的固定搭配
不定冠词
a lot of许多,a few/little/bit一点儿,have a good time玩得开心,have a cold/fever感冒/发烧,have a look/rest/talk/try看一看/休息/聊天/试一试,in a hurry匆忙,take a walk散步
定冠词
at the age of在……岁时,at the end of 在……的结尾,at the same time同时,
at the moment现在,by the way顺便说一下,in the morning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上,in the end最后,in the east/west/south/north 在东方/西方/南方/北方,on the left/right在左边/右边,the day before yesterday前天,the same as和……一样
零冠词
at noon/night在中午/晚上,at home/school在家/学校,at last 最后,at first起初,at once立刻,all day整天,by bus/bike坐公共汽车/骑自行车,by mistake错误地,by accident碰巧,go to bed/school上床睡觉/去上学,have breakfast/lunch/dinner吃早餐/午餐/晚餐,on foot 步行,on time按时,side by side肩并肩地,have fun玩得开心
要点3 冠词的易混用法
三餐前不加冠词,如have breakfast/lunch/dinner。
三餐前有修饰词加a/an,如have a big breakfast/lunch/dinner。
国名前不加冠词,如:China, America。
国名的全称及缩写前加the,如the Peoples Republic of China (the PRC),the United States of America (the USA)。
地名专有名词前不加冠词,如Canada, North China。
由普通名词构成的地名专有名词前加the,如the Great Wall, the Yellow River。
【拓展】 有些名词前有冠词和没有冠词的区别
at table在进餐
at the table在桌子边
in front of在……(外部的)前面
in the front of在……(内部的)前面
in class在课堂上
in the class在班上
in hospital在住院
in the hospital在医院里
on earth究竟
on the earth在地球上
take place发生
take the place (of)代替
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
Long long ago, there lived a monkey in the woods. One day, the monkey saw 1 fisherman throw a net over the river. The monkey was so interested in it. And he really wanted to have 2 try. Some time later, the fisherman went back home to have 3 lunch. Then, the monkey went to the riverside. The monkey was planning to throw 4 net like the fishermen did. He was confident since he was good at imitating(模仿).Unfortunately, the net wound around the monkey when he touched it, so he fell into the water. In 5 end, the monkey drowned in the water. What a sad story!
( )1.A.a B.the C./
( )2.A.a B.the C./
( )3.A.a B.the C./
( )4.A.a B.an C.the
( )5.A.a B.an C.the
(二)短文填空
a an the
Once upon a time, there was a miser(守财奴).He hid his gold under 1 tree. Every week he came to the tree and dug it up. One night a robber stole all the gold. When the miser came again, he found nothing but 2 empty hole. He was surprised and burst into tears. All of 3 neighbors gathered around him. He told them how he used to come and visit his gold. “Did you ever take any of it out? ” asked one of them. “No,” he said, “I only came to have 4 look at it.”“Then come again and look at the hole. It will be 5 same as looking at the gold,” said the neighbor.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
能力测试
(一)语法选择
A 14⁃year⁃old middle school student from Zhengzhou, Henan Province, made his own telescope, using plastic pipes, parts of a drum, and other things. 1 student, named Ma Juntong, spent just 70 yuan making a working Newtonian telescope(望远镜). So far he 2 the moons surface with it.
Ma wanted to study the moon from a young age.After learning how to make a telescope in a physics class, he decided to make one by 3 .But with little money, he could only buy the lenses(镜片) online. 4 he used recycled things for everything else. The telescope tube 5 from a plastic pipe. The holder came from parts of his drum.
After he tried many times and failed, his exciting time came: When he looked 6 the telescope for the first time, he saw the moons surface clearly.“When I saw the holes on the moons surface, it felt like my dream came true,” he said 7 . “And I now hope to go to the moon someday.”
“The teacher only wanted him 8 the FU Tower, a nice place in Zhengzhou, but Ma saw the moons holes. 9 amazing!” Mas classmates said in a good way.
Although Ma failed twelve times before doing it, he didnt stop and never thought it was 10 . “I keep doing it because Im looking into what I love!” Ma said.
( )1.A.A B.The C./
( )2.A.watches B.watched C.has watched
( )3.A.he B.him C.himself
( )4.A.And B.Because C.Although
( )5.A.makes B.made C.was made
( )6.A.past B.through C.across
( )7.A.excite B.excitedly C.excitement
( )8.A.see B.seeing C.to see
( )9.A.What B.How C.What an
( )10.A.bore B.bored C.boring
(二)短文填空
final noisy walk whenever fall you
from quiet mountain choice they program
Putting things off is something a lot of students are troubled with.But if you keep putting them off, they can snowball.You might start 11 behind and your grades might get lower.
One smart way to fight back is to break big tasks into tiny pieces.Huge projects can feel like a 12 .But if you cut them into smaller steps, it will make it less scary.
The “work and rest” way is also a smart 13 for being productive.Set a timer for 25 minutes—go all in, full attention.Then take a five⁃minute break.Have some cookies and 14 around.Once you get going, its easier to keep it up.
Also, stay away 15 what pulls your attention.Put away your MP3 player and any kind of toys.Find a 16 place where you wont get interrupted at all.The less noise, the better your brain can lock in.
And dont forget to treat 17 .For example, listen to your favorite song, or watch some interesting TV 18 .These little things keep you going.Change doesnt happen overnight, so stick to it every day. 19 , you are sure to see the payoff.
Now, 20 I feel like putting things off, I think of that smart advice.It helps me stay focused and get things done on time.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
(三)翻译句子
21.你通常几点吃早餐?
22.看!树上有只猫。
23.John昨天感冒了吗?
24.我哥哥篮球打得很好,但是他不会弹钢琴。
25.戴眼镜的那个女孩是个大学生。
第二节 代词
知识概览
要点专练
要点1 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
1.人称代词的分类和用法
(1)人称代词的分类
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
【注意】you单复数同形;you和it的主格和宾格形式相同。
(2)人称代词的用法
①人称代词的主格在句中作主语,用在动词前。
如:They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车去学校。
②宾格用在动词或介词之后,作宾语;也可用在系动词之后,作表语。
如:Please pass me the salt. 请把盐递给我。
His father can take good care of him.他爸爸能够很好地照顾他。
—Whos there?谁在那里? —Its me.是我。
③代词it的用法:
A.指代上文提到过的内容(人或物)。
如:He dropped his vase and it broke. 他把花瓶掉在地上摔坏了。
B.用来代替指示代词this 或that (主要针对疑问句的回答)。
如:—What is that? 那是什么? — It is a book.它是一本书。
C.指代婴儿和未确定身份、性别的人。
如:Someone is knocking at the door. Lets go and see who it is.
有人在敲门,我们一起去看看是谁。
D.用作主语,表示时间、天气、季节、距离等。
如:It is sunny and hot today. 今天天气晴朗炎热。
How far is it from your school to the library? 从你们学校到图书馆有多远?
E.用作形式主语或者形式宾语。常见句型有Its+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth. ,Sb. find(s)/think(s) it+adj. +to do sth. 。
如:Its important to protect the environment. 保护环境很重要。
I find it difficult to learn a foreign language well. 我发现学好一门外语很难。
2.物主代词的分类和用法
(1)物主代词的分类:
物主代词是表示事物所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
人称
单数
复数
形容词性
物主代词
名词性
物主代词
形容词性
物主代词
名词性
物主代词
第一人称
my
mine
our
ours
第二人称
your
yours
your
yours
第三人称
his
his
their
theirs
her
hers
its
its
(2)物主代词的用法。
①形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,后面接名词,不可单独使用。
如: Her dream is to be a famous singer. 她的梦想是成为一名有名的歌手。
②名词性物主代词相当于名词,后面不接名词。
如:Lets clean your room first, and then well clean mine.
我们先打扫你的房间,然后打扫我的。
3.反身代词的分类和用法
(1)反身代词的分类
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself/herself/itself
themselves
(2)反身代词的用法
①反身代词与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致,意为“某人自己”。反身代词用在动词或介词之后,作宾语;也可用在系动词之后,作表语。
如:Linda enjoyed herself at the party.
琳达在聚会上玩得很开心。
You should take good care of yourself when you study abroad.
出国学习时,你要学会照顾你自己。
Just be yourself.做你自己就好了。
②反身代词的固定搭配:
dress oneself自己穿衣服
enjoy oneself玩得开心
help oneself (to)自用(食物等)
hurt oneself伤了自己
lose oneself (in)沉迷于
come to oneself苏醒
teach oneself 自学
keep sth. to oneself保守秘密
say to oneself自言自语
by oneself单独地;独自地
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
The 2025 World Athletics Championships will be held in Tokyo.The World Athletics (世界田径联合会) announced this decision on March 12, 2023.Many sports lovers saw 1 as an exciting chance.Tens of thousands of Japanese people became more enthusiastic about track⁃and⁃field sports because 2 could witness top⁃level competitions.“We all think 3 meaningful to host the 2025 World Athletics Championships.It will inspire more people to participate in running, jumping and throwing events.” The National Stadium in Tokyo and other sports venues
will try their best to receive 4 guests from every corner of the globe.Athletes and spectators from all over the world will enjoy 5 during the Championships.
( )1.A.them B.they C.it
( )2.A.we B.they C.them
( )3.A.it B.its C.they
( )4.A.our B.their C.its
( )5.A.themselves B.yourselves C.ourselves
(二)短文填空
their she he we you his our
The famous Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, died of illness at the age of 91 in May 2021. 1 is known as “father of Hybrid Rice”(杂交水稻之父)which pulled countless people out of hunger.
A documentary(纪录片)recorded some of 2 life stories. In the opening parts, Yuans three granddaughters recalled(回忆)stories about 3 grandfather and said that he mostly cared about their English and math studies. “He always encourages 4 in a funny way. He teaches us to overcome difficulties by 5 ,”Yuans three granddaughters said.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
要点2 指示代词、不定代词
1.指示代词的分类和用法
(1)指示代词的分类
形式
较近的人或物
较远的人或物
单数
this
that
复数
these
those
(2)指示代词的用法
①this和these指在空间或时间上较近的人或事物,that和those指在空间或时间上较远的人或事物。
如:Is this the shirt you are looking for?这是你要找的衬衣吗?
Those books are hers. 那些书是她的。
②this 和that可用于电话用语,this表示自己,that表示对方。
如:—Hello!Whos that speaking?你好!你是哪位?
—Hello! This is Jack. 你好!我是杰克。
③在疑问句中,若句子主语是this/that/these/those,回答时用it或they代替。
如:—Is this the book you want to buy?这是你想买的书吗?
—Yes, it is. 是的,就是它。
④在比较结构的句子中,that 用来代替前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词,those用来代替前面提到的复数可数名词。
如:The weather in Beijing is warmer than that in Harbin in winter.
在冬天时,北京的天气比哈尔滨的(天气)要温暖。
2.不定代词的分类和用法
(1)both, neither与either
不定代词
意义及用法
举例
both
意为“(二者)都”;作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Both of the two boys are smart.
这两个男孩都很聪明。
either
意为“(二者中的)任意一个”;作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Either of the books is popular with the students. 这两本书中的任何一本都受到学生的欢迎。
neither
意为“(二者中)没有一个”;作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Neither of us speaks English.
我们俩都不说英语。
【注意】
①both…and…意为“……(二者)都……”,连接名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,不受“就近原则”的限制。
如:Both Tom and Peter are teachers. 汤姆和彼得都是老师。
②either…or…意为“或者……或者……”,连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,即“就近原则”。
如:Either you or he has to go with me. 要么你要么他必须和我去。
③neither…nor…意为“……(二者)都不……”,连接两个主语时,其谓语动词同样遵循“就近原则”。
如:Neither you nor I am wrong. 我们两个都对。
(2)all, none与any
不定代词
意义及用法
举例
all
意为“(三者或以上)都”。
All of them are from Shanghai.
他们都来自上海。
any
意为“(三者或以上的)任意一个”。
I dont like any of these books.
这些书我一本都不喜欢。
none
意为“(三者或以上中)没有一个”。
None of the students has an English book. 这些学生谁都没有英语书。
(3)other, the other, others, the others与another
不定代词
意义及用法
举例
other
意为“其他的”,作定语,后接复数名词。
I want some other books.
我想要一些其他的书。
others
意为“其他”,相当于“other+复数名词”,可作主语或宾语,后不可接名词。
Some of us speak English, and others speak Chinese. 我们当中有些人讲英语,有些人说中文。
the other
意为“(二者中的)另一个”或“其余的”,可作主语、宾语或定语,后可接也可不接名词。常与one连用,构成“one…,and the other…”,意为“一个……,另一个……”。
The book is more attractive than the other one. 这本书比另一本更吸引读者。
I have two pens. One is black, and the other is red. 我有两支笔,一支黑色,一支红色。
the others
意为“其余的全部”,相当于“the other+复数名词”,作主语或宾语,后不可接名词。
There are only five students in the classroom. Where are the others? 教室里只有5个学生,其他的学生呢?
another
意为“(三者或以上的)另一个(的)”,可作主语、宾语、表语或定语,代替或修饰单数可数名词。若后面的名词有数词或few修饰,则也可接复数名词。
We still need another five minutes to finish the work. 我们还需要5分钟才能完成这项工作。
(4)a little, little, a few,few,many与much
不定代词
意义及用法
举例
many
“很多,许多”,用于可数名词。
There are many students waiting for the school bus. 有很多学生在等校车。
much
“很多,许多”,用于不可数名词。
He got much attention from his teachers. 他从他的老师那里获得很多关注。
a few
“有一些,有几个(表肯定)”,用于可数名词。
There are a few cars on the street. 街上有几辆车。
a little
“有一些,有几个(表肯定)”,用于不可数名词。
There is a little water left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩一些水。
few
“没多少,几乎没有(表否定)”,用于可数名词。
There are few cars on the street.
街上几乎没有几辆车。
little
“没多少,几乎没有(表否定)”,用于不可数名词。
There is little water left in the bottle. 瓶子里没剩多少水。
(5)each与every
不定代词
意义及用法
举例
each
①相当于形容词,也可作代词,可单独使用。
②后面可接of短语。
③指二者或二者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”,侧重个体。
Each of you can try twice.
你们每一个人都可以试两次。
every
①相当于形容词,只可作定语,不可单独使用。
②后面不可接of短语。
③指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”,侧重总体
Every room is clean and tidy. 每一间房间都很干净整洁。
(6)复合不定代词
词根
⁃one(指人)
⁃body(指人)
⁃thing(指物)
some(肯定)
someone(某人)
somebody(某人)
something(某事,某物)
any(否定/肯定)
anyone(任何人)
anybody(任何人)
anything(任何事)
every(肯定)
everyone(每个人)
everybody(每个人)
everything(每件事,一切)
no(否定)
no one(没有人)
nobody(没有人)
nothing(什么都没有)
【注意】
①复合不定代词作主语时,都看作单数,其谓语动词用单数。
如:Someone is singing in the classroom. 有人正在教室里唱歌。
②someone, somebody, something等词一般用于肯定句,也可用于疑问句,表示请求、建议或反问, 也可用于希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。
如:Would you like something to drink? 你想喝些什么吗?
③anyone, anybody, anything 等词一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句的各种句型中,也可用于肯定句,强调“任何人/事/物”。
如:I didnt go to the movies with anyone.我没和任何人去看电影。
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
Helen Keller was born in 1880.At the age of 19 months, Helen was a happy and healthy child. She was already saying 1 words. Then she had a high fever which caused her to become deaf and blind. The family knew they had to do 2 to help her.
They looked for 3 good teachers for Keller. However, 4 of them can teach her. A teacher named Anne Sullivan came into Kellers life. She would “spell” the words in Helens hand to communicate with her. She taught Helen many new words one after 5 .This was the key which unlocked the world for her. From then on, Anne Sullivan stayed with Keller for 50 years.
( )1.A.few B.a few C.little
( )2.A.someone B.anyone C.something
( )3.A.any B.every C.many
( )4.A.all B.none C.either
( )5.A.other B.another C.the other
(二)短文填空
this all none either neither her other
From Disney movies to childrens toys, we often see princesses in danger. But US writer Joana Pastro challenges 1 with her new book Lilly Belle: A Damsel NOT in Distress. In the school, young girls learn how to sing and behave perfectly. 2 of the girls look blue except Lily Belle. She is outgoing and brave. She likes to play rock music on her electric guitar 3 in her classroom or on the roof of the teaching building. She likes to shake hands when greeting someone. When Lilly Belle finds 4 caught by monsters, she doesnt wait for 5 to save her. Instead, she decides to save herself. By teaching them how to sing and helping one monster prepare for his date, Lilly Belle turns her troubles around.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
能力测试
(一)语法选择
In June 2025, 16⁃year⁃old Lina Xu from Shanghai made history by becoming the youngest winner of the International AI Innovation Award(国际人工智能创新奖).She designed a voice⁃controlled robot named “EduFriend” 1 children with disabilities learn more successfully.To peoples surprise, Xu taught 2 programming at the age of 12 and built her first robot just two years later.
In Xus opinion, AI isnt just for adults. 3 passion and hard work, young people can shape the future too.Her inspiring ideas have encouraged thousands of 4 worldwide to explore STEM fields.
Right now, EduFriend 5 in over 50 special education schools across China.A professor at Beijing University said, “her technology can make education available to 6 more children.” In the past year, several tech companies 7 interest in EduFriend.It may lead to global availability by 2026.
Xu remains focused on her studies and continues to develop new features for her robot.“I want to create technology that helps 8 learn,” she told reporters.Her story has led to many schools introducing AI programming courses for teenagers. 9 amazing is happening in education technology because of her work.
The robot not only helps with learning but also makes it more 10 for students with special needs.Her journey proves that innovation knows no age limits.
( )1.A.help B.to help C.helping
( )2.A.her B.herself C.hers
( )3.A.With B.For C.Among
( )4.A.student B.students C.students
( )5.A.was tested B.tests C.is tested
( )6.A.much B.many C.little
( )7.A.shows B.showed C.have shown
( )8.A.other B.another C.others
( )9.A.Anything B.Something C.Nothing
( )10.A.enjoyable B.enjoyment C.enjoy
(二)短文填空
between make enough nose with he us an bad but everyone few
Human activities harm our planet with polluted oceans and disappearing forests.Scientists warn 11 must act now to protect nature.
Making big changes is hard, but 12 can help.Every small action 13 a difference! People and groups worldwide are joining conservation efforts.
Look at Samson, 14 experienced Kenyan fisherman.After 20 years at sea, he saw 15 fish caught than before because of overfishing. 16 community partnered with WWF.They learned to avoid catching young fish.“If we dont protect the ocean today,” Samson says, “there wont be 17 adult fish tomorrow to support our lives.”
In Florida, researchers found plastic waste like straws harms sea animals 18 .Straws often get stuck in sea turtles 19 .The Sea Turtle Conservancy (STC) started the “No Straws on Beaches” plan.They work 20 businesses to stop plastic straw use.
These examples show small actions create big change.As Samson reminds us,“The oceans future depends on what we do today.”
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
(三)翻译句子
21.我们骑自行车去上学。
22. 我们先打扫你的房间,然后打扫我的。
23. 要么你要么Jim和我一起去看电影。
24. 街上几乎没有几个人。
25. 你想吃些东西吗?
第三节 数词
知识概览
要点专练
要点1 基数词与序数词的构成与基本用法
表示事物数量多少的词称为基数词。
1.基数词的构成
基数词
举例
(1)基数词1—12为独立的单词,特殊记
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
(2)基数词13—19以⁃teen结尾
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,
seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
(3)基数词20—90的整十位数以⁃ty结尾
twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,
seventy, eighty, ninety
基数词
举例
(4)非整十的基数词21—99的十位与个位之间要加连字符“⁃”
thirty⁃one, forty⁃two
(5)三位数或三位数以上的基数词:百位与十位之间一般用连词and连接;如果十位是“0”,则百位与个位间用and
one hundred and twenty⁃one,
one hundred and three
(6)表示三位数或三位数以上的常用词汇:hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)
one hundred, two thousand, three million,
four billion
2.基数词的用法
(1)基数词表示数目的多少。
如:I have three brothers. 我有3个哥哥。
There are thirty classrooms in my school. 我们学校有30个教室。
(2)基数词表示年份、年代。
①“in+年份”表示具体某一年,如in 1949 在1949年。
②“in+the+整十年份+⁃s”表示“……世纪……年代”,如in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代。
(3)基数词表示年龄。
①表示具体年龄。如:Her daughter is eighteen. 她的女儿18岁。
②基数词⁃year⁃old表示“……岁的”。 如:a three⁃year⁃old boy 一个3岁大的男孩
③“in+ones+整十复数(改y为i+⁃es)”表示“在某人几十岁时”。如:in her thirties 在她30多岁时
(4)基数词表示时刻。
①顺读法:适用于任何时刻的表达,用基数词表述 “小时数+分钟数”。
如: 7:00读作seven oclock 9:20读作nine twenty
②逆读法:
分钟小于或等于30时,用 “分钟数+past+小时数”
6:05读作five past six
6:15读作 a quarter past six
6:30读作half past six
分钟超过30时,用 “(60-分钟数)+to+(小时数+1)”
6:40读作twenty to seven
6:45 读作a quarter to seven
【注意】在逆读法中,15分钟一般用a quarter表示,30分钟一般用a half表示。
如:half an hour 半小时
one and a half hours=one hour and a half 一个半小时
two more hours=another two hours 再多两个小时
(5) 基数词表示编号。
如:No. 8,Class 2,Grade 8,Room 601
【注意】表示编号时,单数可数名词+基数词=the+序数词+单数可数名词。前者两个单词首字母都大写。
如:Lesson Five=the fifth lesson第五课
Page Three=the third page第三页
(6)基数词表示倍数和次数。
表示“一倍,一次”“两倍,两次”分别用once, twice;三倍或三次以上用“基数词+times”。如:six times六倍;六次
(7)小数、百分数表达法:小数点读作point,百分号“%”读作percent。
如:2.6读作two point six 30%读作thirty percent
【注意】“小数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要与它们所修饰的名词的数保持一致。
如:Thirty percent of the trees are cut down by the farmers nearby.
30%的树木被附近的农民砍伐。
(8)其他特殊且重要的表达方式。
①“at the age of+基数词”表示“在(某人)……岁时”。 如:at the age of ten 在10岁时
②基数词⁃单数可数名词(作定语)。如:a three⁃day trip=three days trip 3日游
③hundred, thousand, million, billion表示泛指,当它们与of连用时,这四个词的词尾要加⁃s,前面不能加具体的数字。
如:hundreds of数以百计的 thousands of 数以千计的
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
Uncle Leo is a volunteer in a coastal city.He is a 1 man who devotes himself to protecting sea⁃turtles.Over 2 years, he has been watched over the beach day and night, helping injured sea⁃turtles and creating a safe environment for them to lay eggs.
Uncle Leo first got involved in sea⁃turtle protection 3 .Since then, he has regarded these lovely creatures as his family.Even on rainy days, he sticks to his post, carrying tools and looking after the sea⁃turtles as carefully as taking care of 4 own kids.So far, he has helped more than 200 sea⁃turtles return to the ocean.His deeds have warmed the 5 of countless animal⁃lovers.Many are inspired by him and start to care about marine wildlife protection.
( )1.A.fifty years old B.fifty⁃year⁃olds C.fifty⁃years⁃old
( )2.A.two B.second C.the second
( )3.A.in the 2010s B.in the 2010 C.in the 2010
( )4.A.he B.his C.him
( )5.A.heart B.hearts C.hearts
(二)短文填空
year she one two three how what
Hello, everyone! Im Judy. Im nine 1 old. I like reading Harry Potter. The books were written by J.K.Rowling. Her first book was published in 2 thirties. I have read all the books 3 ,but I want to read them a third time. My favorite one is Book 4 Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone. This is the first book that brings me to the magic world. I think Harry is very brave and smart. I want to learn magic after reading it. 5 interesting the book is!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
要点2 序数词构成与基本用法
表示顺序的词称为序数词。
1.基数词变序数词的规律
规律口诀
举例
基变序,容易记,加上⁃th就可以
four→fourth, eighteen→eighteenth
一二三,特殊记
one→first,two→second, three→third
八去t,九去e, ve要用f替
eight→eighth, nine→ninth, five→fifth
若是遇到整十数,ty变作tie,词尾再加⁃th
twenty→twentieth, thirty→thirtieth
若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以
twenty⁃one→twenty⁃first, fifty⁃four→fifty⁃fourth
【注意】序数词可以缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母的形式。
如:first→1st third→3rd
2.序数词的用法
①序数词表示事物的先后顺序,常与定冠词the连用。
如:Finally, I chose the first one. 最后我选择了第一个。
②序数词表示具体的日期时,有以下表达方式:
2021年8月20日
可写作:August 20th, 2021或者20th August, 2021
可读作:August the twentieth, two thousand and twenty⁃one 或者 the twentieth day of August, two thousand and twenty⁃one
③a/an+序数词,表示“再一;又一”。
如:I will go over it a second time. 我将会再温习一遍。
④当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时则省略the。
如:Today is Toms fifth birthday. 今天是Tom的第5个生日。
⑤序数词在一些固定搭配中不加the。
如:at first起初 first of all首先 from first to last自始至终 at first sight第一眼
⑥分数表达法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子大于1时,分母的序数词要加⁃s。
如:one fifth五分之一 two thirds三分之二
【注意】“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要与它们所修饰的名词的数保持一致。
如:Over sixty percent of the doctors are women. 超过60%的医生是女性。
Two thirds of the water on the earth is sea water. 地球上三分之二的水是海水。
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
What do you know about Mars? What does it look like? Mars is the 1 planet from the sun in our solar system and is named after Mars, the Roman god of war. 2 diameter(直径)is 53% as wide as that of the earth. Mars goes around the sun at a distance of about 3 kilometers. You can tell which 4 is Mars because it is bright red in the night sky. Its very beautiful. But during spring and summer, the surface of Mars is covered with strong storms. The gravity on the surface of Mars is about 5 as strong as it is on earth. The temperature on Mars is between -138 ℃ and 28 ℃. The air has only 0.13% oxygen.
( )1.A.four B.fourth C.the four
( )2.A.It B.He C.Its
( )3.A.228 million B.228 millions C.228 million of
( )4.A.planet B.planets C.planets
( )5.A.two fifth B.two fifths C.second fifth
(二)短文填空
tall arrive build first two eighty⁃eight eighteen
Do you know which building is the tallest in Shanghai? The Jing Mao Tower in Shanghai is one of the 1 buildings in the world. And its also one of the modern wonders. It was 2 in 1999,and it is 420.5 meters high. Last Sunday, we visited it. When we arrived at the ground floor of the building, the sun was going down. At 3 I was afraid to go to the top of the buildings. So I felt a little nervous when I walked into the lift. There are 88 floors in the building. The lift climbed up faster and faster until we reached the 4 floor. It was high up there, but I was not afraid any more. While we were standing at the top, we had a fantastic view of Pudong District and the center of Shanghai. I really like the tower and I am sure I will visit it a 5 time. Do you want to go with me?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
能力测试
(一)语法选择
The exciting first World Robot Olympics took place in Seoul, South Korea, from July 15 to 21, 2025. 1 from 50 countries joined different events, including races, weightlifting, and even dancing. Over 10,000 people came to watch the competitions every day.The German teams robot “Titan⁃X” won 2 first prizes in both the obstacle(障碍物) course and ball games.
Dr. Kim, the main organizer, said 3 , “This competition shows the great progress robots have made.The things they can do now 4 impossible just several years ago.” People loved watching the robots practice giving first aid in emergency situations.Some robots could help children 5 danger.
Some workers feel worried. “We think robots might change 6 jobs in factories,” said a car factory worker, 7 experts explain that robots should assist people at work, not take their jobs.“Robots are good at doing jobs that are too dangerous for humans,” said Professor Lee.
The closing show had 8 amazing robot dance with traditional music.About 50 robots were programmed to dance together perfectly.The organizers said next years event will be 9 and include more fun games.Special robot races will be added too.They plan 10 swimming and basketball competitions for robots in 2026. Many schools are already preparing their robots for them.
( )1.A.Robot B.Robots C.Robots
( )2.A.two B.second C.twice
( )3.A.happy B.happiness C.happily
( )4.A are B.were C.is
( )5.A.at B.with C.in
( )6.A.little B.many C.much
( )7.A.but B.because C.though
( )8.A.a B.an C.the
( )9.A.big B.bigger C.biggest
( )10.A.add B.adding C.to add
(二)短文填空
good but connect it every show because since visitor hundred an for
The West Lake in Hangzhou attracts people all over the world.It is famous for 11 natural beauty and bridges. Of all the bridges over the West Lake, the Broken Bridge is said to be the most famous. 12 year, quite a lot of tourists come here to visit it.However, the name “Broken Bridge” does not mean the bridge is broken.People named it 13 it marks the end of the way that leads to Solitary Hill, a small hill close to the West Lake.They wanted to 14 its special position here.And people have used this name 15 the Tang dynasty (618-907).
In the Song dynasty(960-1279), the Broken Bridge became a popular sight for 16 .They would usually come to the West Lake in winter to enjoy the beauty of the bridge.For 17 of years, the beautiful picture of Lingering Snow of the Broken Bridge has been a well⁃talked⁃about scene.And even today it is still considered as a 18 example of harmonious(和谐的) beauty between architecture(建筑设计) and nature. Poems and stories of old days helped to make a 19 between the bridge and love. For example,the story of the White Snake and Xu Xian meeting on the Broken Bridge has made it 20 important symbol of love in Chinese culture. Thats why its loved by so many people.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
(三)翻译句子
21.我们学校有30个教室。
22. 这座山是我们市第二高的山。
23. 她是个三个月大的婴儿。
24. 在他三岁的时候,他开始学习音乐。
25.每年成百上千的树木被砍伐。
第四节 介词和介词短语
知识概览
要点专练
(一)概念:介词是一种虚词,它不能单独担任句子成分,必须与名词或代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句构成介词短语,才能担任句子成分。
(二)介词及介词短语的用法
要点1 表示时间的介词
1.at, on和in
时间介词
具体用法
举例
at
用于具体时间点前
at 12 oclock, at that time
用于一些固定搭配中
at the age of 10, at night, at noon
on
用于具体某一天(星期几/日期/节日)前
on Tuesday, on February 1st,
on Childrens Day
用于带修饰词(具体某一天或形容词)的上午、下午、晚上前
on a rainy day, on a warm morning, on the afternoon of March 18, on Wednesday night
in
用于上午、下午、晚上前
in the morning/afternoon/evening
用于世纪、年份、季节和月份前
in the 21st century, in 2022, in winter, in October
时间介词口诀:in 在年月季节前,on在星期日子前,at用在点钟前,
早晚下午要用in, 正午深夜用at,若有修饰就用on。
2.in和after
时间介词
具体用法
举例
in
与一段时间连用,用于将来时,意为“在……之后”
He will finish his work in a week.
他将在一个周后完成他的工作。
after
与时间点连用,用于过去时或将来时,意为“在……之后”
The party will end after 8:30 p.m.
晚会将在晚上八点半结束。
与一段时间连用,用于过去时,意为“在……之后”
He returned to his hometown after two years.
两年后他回到了他的家乡。
3.for和since(多用于完成时)
时间介词
具体用法
举例
for
与一段时间连用,意为“已经多长时间了”,说明某动作持续了多久
She has studied Chinese for 5 years.
她已经学中文5年了。
since
与过去的时间点连用,意为“自从……”
I have been sick since yesterday.
我从昨天起就病了。
与一段时间+ago连用
We have known each other since ten years ago.
我们十年前就认识了。
与时间状语从句连用(从句用过去式)
The doctor has saved a lot of people since he became a doctor.
这个医生自从当医生以来已经救了很多人。
4.by和until/till
时间介词
具体用法
举例
by
与时间点连用,意为“在……之前;到……为止”,常用于完成时
We had learned over 1,000 words by the end of last term. 截至上学期期末,我们已经学了1000多个单词。
until/till
until和till常互用,但till多用于口语,且不能放在句首。在肯定句中必须与延续动词连用,意为“直到……;直到……为止”
I will wait until/till he comes here.
我将在这一直等到他来。
在否定句中常与非延续性动词连用,意为“直到……才……”
I didnt go to bed until 12 oclock last night.
昨晚,我直到12点才睡。
5.其他时间介词
时间介词
具体用法
举例
from
意为“从……开始”,常与to/till连用
You can come anytime from Monday to Friday.
周一到周五你什么时候来都行。
They are out together with their friends from morning till night.
他们整天和朋友们待在外边。
时间介词
具体用法
举例
before
与时间点连用,意为“在……之前”,与after相对
The sky was dark before the storm.
暴风雨来临前,天空一片漆黑。
during
与一段时间连用,意为“在……期间”
They went to France for two weeks during the summer holidays.
他们暑假去了法国两个星期。
within
与一段时间连用,意为“在……之内”,强调事情发生的全过程不超过某一时间
I must finish this book report within 2 days.
我必须在两天内完成这份读书报告。
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
Do you know World Letter Writing Day? It falls 1 September 1st every year. It was set up by Richard Simpkin 2 2014. He encouraged people to take a break from todays social media (媒体) and write a letter to someone by hand.Richard always sits at the desk and begins to write letters 3 supper. “Its a good way to show people that you have been thinking of them. 4 the same time, people can save letters and look at them over the years,” he said. Do you have a friend or a family member that you havent seen 5 a long time? Why not pick up a pen and write a letter now?
( )1.A.on B.in C.for
( )2.A.at B.in C.from
( )3.A.from B.during C.after
( )4.A.At B.On C.For
( )5.A.to B.for C.with
(二)短文填空
fail on in at big for strange
Martin Strel is a swimmer who is known for swimming across the worlds big rivers. He was born in 1954. He taught himself to swim 1 the age of six and became a professional (职业的)swimmer in 1978.Of all his achievements, the 2 one is his Amazon River swim. Several swimmers had tried to swim it, but all 3 . Martin decided to go all out and make history. 4 April 7th, 2007,Martin Strel completed his Amazon River all the way from Atalaya (Peru)to the Atlantic Ocean at Belem (Brazil). He struggled (奋战)with the river 5 66 days. His success shows that people could achieve their dreams with hard work and perseverance (毅力).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
要点2 表示地点的介词
1.in, on和to表示地理方位
in图1 on图2 to图3
地理方位介词
具体用法
举例
in
表示在某个区域之内;如图1
B is in the north of A.
B在A的北部。
on
表示和某个区域相邻;如图2
B is on the east of A.
B在A的东方。
to
表示在某个区域之外(又不相邻);如图3
B is to the east of A.
B在A的东方。
2.in, at和on表示在某地
地点介词
具体用法
举例
in
后接大地方/范围,如国家、城镇等
He arrived in Guangzhou yesterday.
他昨天到达了广州。
at
后接小地方
He arrived at the station at nine.
他九点到了车站。
on
后接某个平面的地方
The boys are playing basketball on the ground.
男孩们正在操场上打篮球。
3.on, over, above, under和below
地点介词
具体用法
举例
on
意为“在……上面”,二者相接触
He put his schoolbag on the desk.
他把书包放在课桌上。
over/under
over意为“在……正上方”,under意为“在……正下方”,表示二者相对垂直,并且没有接触
There is a bridge over the river.
河上有座桥。
The ship is going under the bridge.
船在桥下驶过。
above/below
above意为“在……上方”,below意为“在……下方”,表示二者之间没有接触,不强调是否垂直
Maybe you can hold your arms above your head.
或者你可以把手臂举过头顶。
Its 1,000 feet below the sea level.
它在海平面以下1000英尺。
【注意】above可以引申为“超过”,相当于more than; below可以引申为“低于”,相当于 less than。二者可以用来描述抽象意义的高低,如描述温度,“零度以上”用above zero;“零度以下”用below zero。
4.across, through和past
地点介词
具体用法
举例
across
意为“横过;穿过”,强调从某物表面的一边到另一边
She went across the street to do some shopping. 她穿过街去购物。
through
意为“穿过;通过”,强调动作在某个空间内部进行,如管道、树林、门、窗等
He walked through the forest alone.
他独自一人穿过森林。
past
意为“经过”,强调从某物旁边经过
They drove past a big supermarket.
他们开车经过一家大超市。
5.in front of和 in the front of
地点介词
具体用法
举例
in front of
意为“在……前面”,表示在物体外部的前面,反义词为behind
There is a tree in front of the classroom.
教室的前面有一棵树。(树在教室外面)
in the front of
意为“在……前面”,表示在物体内部的前面,反义词为at the back of
There is a bookshelf in the front of the classroom.
教室前面有一个书架。(书架在教室里)
6.by, beside, near和next to
地点介词
具体用法
举例
by/beside
意为“在……旁边”,常可互换
The hotel is beside/by the river.
酒店在河边。
near
意为“在……附近”,表示两地间距离不远,但比by和beside要远一些
A hospital was built near the railway station.
火车站附近建了一所医院。
next to
表示“紧挨着;在……的旁边”
The bedroom is next to the bathroom.
卧室紧挨着浴室。
7.between和among
地点介词
具体用法
举例
between
意为“在……之间”,一般指二者之间
You can sit between Mary and Ann.
你可以坐在玛丽和安中间。
among
意为“在……中间”,指三者或三者以上的人或物之间
There is a little wooden house among the trees.
树林中有一间小木屋。
8.其他地点介词
地点介词
具体用法
举例
inside
意为“在……里面”,表示在某物内部
Mr. Li is waiting for you inside the office.
李老师正在办公室里等你。
outside
表示“在……外面”
Children want to play outside the house instead of staying indoors. 孩子们不想在室内待着,想出去外面玩。
across from
表示“在……对面”
The nearest post office is across from the cinema. 最近的邮局在电影院对面。
along
表示“沿着……”
That old man usually takes a dog for a walk along the river.
那个老人通常沿着河边遛狗。
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
There are many deserts on the earth. Its hard for people to live in some parts of the desert because temperatures in the desert can 1 greatly. During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade(阴凉处).At night deserts can become very cold.
The Arabian Desert lies 2 the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. Oil was discovered 3 parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf. This oil has made some countries 4 the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent 5 fine cities with lovely parks and lakes. As a result,
many local people move into the cities and hope to live a comfortable life.
( )1.A.change B.changes C.changing
( )2.A.among B.between C.beside
( )3.A.under B.above C.across
( )4.A.on B.to C.in
( )5.A.build B.built C.building
(二)短文填空
under around across into below over against
The mother elephant is very important to a young elephant.In the wild, a young elephant will go 1 its mother to find protection from the sun. Sometimes they have to walk 2 rivers. A young elephant can be washed down a river. Or it can fall 3 a hole. When a young elephant is separated from its mother, it becomes an orphan(孤儿). Luckily, there are some elephant rescue centers 4 the world. The keepers take care of the elephants. To make it more comfortable, the keepers put an umbrella 5 them on sunny days. The keepers need to teach a young elephant many things so that it can live well in the wild in the future.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
要点3 表示方式的介词
1.表示交通方式
方式介词
具体用法
举例
by
后接交通工具或地理名词
by bus, by subway, by air, by sea
in/on
后接限定词+交通工具
in the car, on the school bus, on my bike
2.表示手段或工具
方式介词
具体用法
举例
with
后接具体工具或身体部位
He broke the window with a stone.
他用石头把窗户砸坏了。
We see with our eyes and hear with ears.
我们用眼看,用耳听。
in
后接材料、语言或声音
Eighty percent of the e⁃mails are in English.
80%的电子邮件是用英语写的。
I like to draw pictures in red ink.
我喜欢用红墨水画画。
Please say it in a loud voice. 请大声说。
on
后接 (电子)设备
on the radio, on the Internet
by
后接表抽象的工具或手段的名词或动名词
He makes a living by writing novels.
他以写小说为生。
要点4 其他介词
方式介词
具体用法
举例
with
意为“和……一起;具有,带有”
I valued the friendship with my classmates.
我珍惜和同学们之间的友谊。
I planned to make a birthday card with some roses on it for my mom.
我打算做一张有玫瑰花的生日贺卡给我妈妈。
without
意为“没有”
He hurried by without speaking to me.
他匆匆经过,没有跟我说话。
like
意为“像……”
Let me speak to you like a father.
让我像一位父亲一样和你说话。
as
意为“作为……” (表示客观事实)
Let me speak to you as a father.
让我以父亲的身份和你讲话。
against
意为“反对,对抗……”
I am so upset that everyone is against my advice.
我很难过,每个人都反对我的意见。
Heavy rain beat against the window.
暴雨击打着窗户。
for
表示支持,意为“支持,赞成”
Are you for or against this plan?
你是赞成还是反对这个计划?
表示对象或用途等,意为“给,为”
She bought a scarf for her grandma.
她给她奶奶买了条围巾。
表示原因或理由,意为“因为,作为……的结果”
Thank you for helping us.
谢谢你帮了我们。
表示目的、去向,意为“为了……,向……”
Why dont we go for a walk by the lake?
我们在湖边散步怎么样?
My uncle is leaving for Beijing.
我叔叔动身去北京了。
except
意为“除……之外”,侧重从整体中除去该部分,可与but互换,但语气比but强烈
Nobody knows it except/but Mary.
除了玛丽,没有人知道。
We all went to watch the football match except/but Tim. He didnt feel well and stayed at home.
除了提姆,我们都去看足球比赛了。他不舒服,待在家里了。
besides
意为“除……之外”,表示包含该部分,强调还有,常和other, another等词连用
We study many other subjects besides English.
除了英语之外,我们还学习很多其他科目。
about
意为“关于,大约”
John often talks about his life in the countryside.
约翰经常谈论他在农村的生活。
We will set out at about 6:00 a.m.
我们大约早上六点出发。
of
表示所属关系,意为“(属于)……的”
They decided to meet at the gate of the park.
他们决定在公园门口见面。
表示数量、种类
There are different kinds of plants in our school.
我们学校有不同种类的植物。
表示某物的性质、内容、状况或材料等,意为“……的”
You can enjoy the beauty of the scenery.
你可以欣赏美景。
My mother bought a dress of silk.
我妈妈买了条真丝裙。
off
意为“离开,脱落”
He fell off his bike.
他从自行车上摔了下来。
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
Recently, a bookstore in Kaohsiung, Taiwan got international attention. The store, Wuguan Books, is known 1 an “experimental bookstore” because of the dark lighting used to show the books. The bookstore is almost 2 dark, except for the shelves of books. There are over 400 shelves of books in the store, 3 many lights placed around books. The bookstore was set up by Chu Chih⁃kung in order to increase peoples senses 4 they read books. He says the environment can help people learn to do “soul(灵魂)reading” 5 providing a private experience with each book. Although it might not be for everyone, Wuguan Books creates a very different kind of environment from most bookstores.
( )1.A.for B.as C.by
( )2.A.complete B.completion C.completely
( )3.A.with B.besides C.except
( )4.A.when B.after C.until
( )5.A.with B.on C.by
(二)短文填空
without she easy like except by besides
Think of all the ways that you use your arms and hands. You use them to open doors, carry boxes, climb trees and so on.
Jessica Cox was born 1 arms. However, it didnt stop her from doing things. She learnt to feed 2 , paint and play the piano with her feet.
After class, all the students had great time on the playground 3 Jessica. She could only stay in the classroom. Jessica often imagined she was a girl who could fly 4 a bird. Many years later, Jessica really did it. She learnt to fly a plane 5 using her feet. It was hard work but she finally made her dream come true.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
要点5 介词短语
1.介词+名词
at first
起初;开始时
in a word
一句话;总的来说
at present
目前
in time
及时
at work
在上班
in a minute
立刻;马上
at the same time
同时
in danger
处于危险中
at the moment
此刻
in common
共同的
on the way
在路上
in English
用英语
on time
准时
in a hurry
匆匆忙忙
on duty
值日
beyond ones reach
够不着
out of date
过时
with the help of
在……的帮助下
2.动词+介词
arrive in/at
到达
catch up with
赶上
laugh at
嘲笑
get on/along with
与……相处
ask for
要;要求
hear from
收到……的来信
look for
寻找
learn from
向……学习
send for
派人去请
think about
考虑
leave for
动身去某地
worry about
担心
look over
检查
work out
计算出;解决
look after
照看;照料
depend on
依赖;依靠
take care of
照顾;照料
give away
捐赠;分发
do well in
在某方面做得好
turn on/off
打开/关上
3.be+形容词+介词
be good/bad for
对……有益/有害
be good at
在……方面做得好
be late for
迟到
be good with
善于应付
be famous for
因……而著名
be busy with
忙于
be afraid of
害怕
be angry with
生……的气
be full of
充满
be popular with
受……欢迎
be strict with/about/in
对……要求严格
be made of
由……制成
be careful with/about
小心
be proud of
以……为荣
be interested in
对……感兴趣
be friendly to
对……友好
be different from
和……不同
4.其他介词短语
lots of/a lot of
许多;大量
at most
至多
at once
立刻;马上
at least
至少
because of
因为
according to
根据
点对微语篇练习
(一)语法选择
When I was eleven years old, my life changed forever when I got a serious disease. I had to stay in the hospital most of the time. My life was full 1 operations(手术) and treatments. I felt stressed because I was not sure 2 everything that was happening. Being away 3 my friends and school also made me feel lonely. One day, I received a card from a volunteer. It seemed that this small card had magic power. It filled me 4 hope for life again. Doctors provide medicine 5 me, but the volunteers act of kindness provides me hope and magic thatll go a long way.
( )1.A.of B.in C.for
( )2.A.at B.about C.with
( )3.A.from B.after C.about
( )4.A.on B.during C.with
( )5.A.to B.for C.with
(二)短文填空
for get after at about out in
Katie Steller has a salon(美发院).She often gives free haircuts to people 1 need. These people live a hard time, and she knows the power of her job well.
As a teen, Steller 2 a serious disease and her hair thinned terribly. “I cant forget my first professional haircut. The barber looked 3 me and talked to me like a common person. He truly cared 4 me and made me feel less alone,” she says.
Steller wanted to help more people feel the same way. In 2019,she began her Red Chair Project. She says, “I cant work 5 their problems. However, I can help them feel less alone for a moment.”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
能力测试
(一)语法选择
Last month, James parents gave him EduBot, a new AI homework helper, as his birthday gift.One day, he had to write a book report for his Chinese class. James typed “write about Journey to the West” into EduBot. In just 30 seconds, 1 article appeared on the screen. James printed it out and handed it in 2 any changes.
However, his teacher Ms. Lee called him to 3 office the next day. She pointed out that the report was well-written, but it lacked James own ideas. “AI tools are like helpful assistants,” she explained 4 . “They should help you think, not replace you. True learning happens 5 you use your own brain.” James felt ashamed about it and understood his mistake.
After that talk, James decided 6 EduBot in a smart way. Instead of asking for completearticles, he started asking for simple plans and looked for specific information. Last week, he 7 a great report on climate changes. With the help of the AI, James got much 8 information about climate changes. Then, James spent two hours analyzing(分析) the information and wrote the report in his own words.
Now James uses EduBot every day. He shares his experience in class and tell his classmates 9 they can use AI well. First, never copy AIs writing directly. Second, always check 10 with textbooks or good websites. Third, talk with teachers about any hard questions about right and wrong. He says, “Technology itself isnt good or bad. We should think carefully about how to use it in the right way.”
( )1.A.a B.an C.the
( )2.A.without B.except C.among
( )3.A.she B.her C.hers
( )4.A.kind B.kindly C.kindness
( )5.A.although B.before C.when
( )6.A.used B.using C.to use
( )7.A.wrote B.writes C.has written
( )8.A.useful B.more useful C.most useful
( )9.A.if B.that C.how
( )10.A.fact B.facts C.facts
(二)短文填空
how see very what so of value in snow as people spend
Have you ever looked closely at the paper money from different countries? You will 11 more than numbers and colors.You will discover pictures of rivers, mountains, buildings and famous 12 .These pictures often show 13 each country finds important.They are like small lessons in culture, history and nature.Paper money isnt just for 14 —its also for learning.
Lets start with China.The Chinese yuan is a perfect mix 15 nature and tradition.On the 20 yuan note (纸币), there is the Lijiang River in Guilin, with green mountains rising from calm waters. Its 16 beautiful that artists have painted it for centuries. On the 5 yuan note, youll find Mount Tai, one of the most famous mountains in China.A large number of poems were written in praise of it.
Other countries do this too, 17 their own way. Switzerlands notes include mountains, rivers, and even wind patterns! Canadas have 18 landscapes and maple (枫树) leaves.
These days, many people use phones or cards 19 a way to pay.Its fast and easy.But paper money still has its 20 —not only in money, but in meaning.You can hold it, look at it, and learn from it.It can be a tiny museum in your pocket.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
(三)翻译句子
21.他每天坐地铁去上班。
22. 我的新同学对我很友好。
23. 在一个温暖的下午,我们去爬山了。
24. 在图书馆和博物馆之间有一个小公园。
25. 没有老师的帮助,Mary不可能取得进步。
第五节 感叹词和标点符号
知识概览
要点专练
要点1 感叹词
1.概念:感叹词是用在说话时表达喜怒哀乐等情感的词。它不构成句子的语法成分,但在意义上与它有关联,后面的句子一般说明这种情绪的性质、原因。
2.感叹词的用法:
分类
举例
表示招呼的感叹词: Hey, Hi, Hello
Hey, Mary, whats up? 你好啊,玛丽。最近怎么样?
Hi, how are you doing? 嗨!你还好吗?
Hello, This is Mrs. Green speaking. 喂!我是格林太太。
表示肯定的感叹词:Yeah, Uh⁃huh
“Did you have a good time? ” “Yeah, we did.”
“你们玩得开心吗?”“是的!”
“Can I sit here? ” “Uh⁃huh.”“我可以坐在这里吗?”“嗯。”
表示犹豫或迟疑的感叹词:Um, Hmm, Uh
Um, Im not sure what to say here.
嗯,我不知道在这里该说什么。
Hmm,I cant remember how to play cards.
唔,我记不起怎么玩牌了。
You can, uh, use my computer.
呃,你可以用我的电脑。
表示悲痛或疼痛的感叹词:Ouch, Ah
Ouch! I cut my finger. 啊!我割到手指了。
“Ah,” he groaned quietly. “This is wrong.”
“啊,”他低声呻吟道:“这是错误的。”
常见感叹词
举例
dear表示惊讶、不安或恼怒
Oh, dear, dear! Where can Harry be?
哦,天哪,天哪,亨利会在哪儿?
Dear! What awful weather! 哎呀!多糟的天气!
Dear! Where have I put my keys? 哎呀,我把钥匙放在哪里了?
well表示强调、停顿、接受、惊讶、怀疑、同意或接续故事等
Well, I think its a good idea anyway.
嗯,不管怎么说,我认为这是个好主意。
Well, lets see now. I could meet you on Thursday.
嗯,现在让我想一想,我可以在星期四见你。
Well, I did my best—I cant do any more than that.
好了,我尽全力了,只能做到这样了。
Well, so Steve got the job?
哎呀,这么说史蒂夫得到那份工作了?
there表示安慰或引起注意
There there! Never mind! 好啦,好啦,不要紧的!
There, Ive filled it up again. 瞧,我又把它装满了。
hurray表示高兴、欢呼
Our team has won! Hurray! 我们队赢了!好哇!
oh表示惊讶、指责、痛苦、称赞、懊恼等
“Oh, who was that?” Mr. Black asked.
“哦,是谁?”布莱克先生问。
“Oh, how blind you are!”he cried.
“哎呀,你们真瞎!”他大声道。
“Oh, oh!” he cried. “My stomach! My head! Oh! Oh!”
“哎呀,哎哟!”他大声道:“我的肚子!我的头!哎哟!哎哟!”
Oh, learned judge! Oh, wise young man.
噢,博学的法官!噢,聪明的年轻人!
wow表示赞叹、惊奇
Wow! You are really wise. 哇! 你真是太有智慧了。
whoops/oops表示狼狈、懊恼
Whoops! Wrong class. 哎哟!走错教室了!
Oops! I nearly dropped my cup of tea!
哎呀!我险些把自己的一杯茶掉到地上!
要点2 标点符号的用法
分类
用法
举例
句号【.】
用于一句话完全结束时
Jenny loves playing the piano.
珍妮喜欢弹钢琴。
用于某些英文单词的缩写形式中
Dr. Wang will give a speech on the beginning of the life. 王博士将会做一个关于生命起源的讲座。
问号【?】
用于各种疑问句后
Are you a little shy when facing the camera?
在面对镜头时,你会有点害羞吗?
逗号【,】
用于句子中的停顿
My father likes reading newspapers, but he doesnt like watching news.
我父亲喜欢看报纸,但是他不喜欢看新闻。
用于一系列并列的内容之间
Anything a culture wanted to protect—its beliefs, its history, and its traditions, had to be told out loud.
我们需要大声说出一种文化想要保护的每种东西——它的信念,它的历史和它的传统。
用于直接引用的句子前
Betty said, “I heard what you did.”
贝蒂说:“我听说你做的事情了。”
用于反意疑问句中
You are from Shandong, arent you?
你来自山东,不是吗?
用于含有同位语的句子中
Last Sunday, I met my old friend, James Brown.
上周日,我遇见了我的老朋友,詹姆斯·布朗。
感叹号【!】
用于表达惊讶、愤怒、兴奋、感叹等强烈的情感和语气的句子中,较少用于正式的书面语中
How clean the water in the river is!
河流里的水真干净啊!
分号【;】
用于分割两个并列的句子。经常与连接副词thus, however, therefore, on the other hand等一起使用
Roses are red; violets are purple.
玫瑰是红色的,紫罗兰是紫色的。
I know I need exercise; however, I dont have time.
我知道我需要锻炼,但是我没有时间。
冒号【:】
用于对后面内容的介绍或解释
Dr. Williams suggested a solution: give the plants more light.
威廉博士给了一个建议:给植物更多的光照。
用于直接引语中,倾向于书面语(在非正式英语中常用逗号)
Amy said:“No wonder they dont trust kids with anything important.”
艾米说:“难怪他们不把重要的事托付给孩子。”
用于表示数字时间和比例关系
9:00 a.m. 早上九点
10∶8 十比八
双引号
【“”】
表示直接引出某人说的话(句号和逗号必须在引号内,冒号和分号必须置于引号外)
Jenny asked, “We need some more hands. Can you help? ”
珍妮问:“我们需要人帮忙,你可以吗?”
表示文章、演讲、诗歌、书中章节、广播和电视节目的标题
NBCs “Today Show”
美国全国广播公司的《今日节目》
表示反语、绰号等特殊意义
The kids often called him “fat bear” because he is a little heavier than others. 孩子们经常叫他“胖熊”,因为他比其他人要胖一点点。
表示专有名词或引用某个短语或句子
You are supposed to say “Thank you” when you get help from someone.
当别人帮助你时,你应该说“谢谢”。
单引号
【‘】
用于在一个直接引语中所含有的另一个直接引语
Sam wrote, “ I think I am the right person for the job. My sister often says to me, ‘You look like a real alien. ”
山姆写道:“我认为我是最适合这份工作的人。我姐姐经常对我说:‘你看起来就像一个真的外星人。”
撇号【】
用于缩写形式中一个或几个字母的省略
People cant hear these sounds, but plants are making them. 虽然人们听不到这些声音,但是植物的确在发出声音。
用于名词所有格
Our school held a science festival to develop students interest in science and technology.
我们学校举办了一次科学节来培养学生在自然和科技方面的兴趣。
省略号【…】
用于列举、避免重复或故意省略不想呈现的内容和信息
Joan hurried home, only to find that her bedroom was in a mess…
琼匆匆回家,却发现她的卧室乱成一团。
用于表示犹豫、停顿或迟疑等
I really dont know what Im going to do…我真的不知道我要做什么……
连字符【⁃】
用于某些前缀和复合词
This is good news for long⁃term space travel.
这对长期的太空旅行来说是个好消息。
You are supposed to be self⁃confident and independent so that youll be successful.
你应该自信和独立,这样你才能成功。
用于书写中一个单词的换行,一般按音节来划分
Octo⁃ber(正),Octob⁃er(误)。
破折号【—】
用于解释或补充说明
On the farm, you can enjoy your favorite fruit—strawberries.
在农场里,你可以享受你最喜欢的水果——草莓。
【注意】1.英语中的句号是一个实心点。
2.英语中没有顿号,在中文中用顿号的地方英文中基本可以用逗号代替。
3.英语的书名号多用斜体表示,不用《》。
点对微语篇练习
(一)标点符号选择
Dear Wang,
Great to hear you are coming to the USA! I do hope you can stop by and visit us in the Big Apple 1 a popular name for New York City.
There are so many things to see and do here. It would take a lifetime to list them all 2 Chinatown, Wall Street, Central Park, to name only a few. But knowing you as I do, I 3 d suggest walking through Midtown Manhattan. It is very popular in the USA and just cant be missed 4 Another place you must visit is Broadway as it is the heart of the American theater industry. It is well 5 known for its big theaters. You can enjoy Shakespeare, modern plays, dance shows or musicals!
You will certainly have a wonderful time. See you soon!
Leslie
( )1.A.; B.. C.—
( )2.A.? B.: C.⁃
( )3.A.‘ B. C.“
( )4.A.! B…. C.;
( )5.A.. B., C.⁃
(二)标点符号填空
On April 13,2021,Chinas womens soccer team won a ticket to this summers Tokyo Olympics.
But the win didn 1 t come easily. Team China was still behind 2-0 after the first half of the second section. Luckily 2 player Wang Shuang scored two goals later.
How could these girls do that 3 “We never gave up, even when we were 2-0 down. We always believe we could come back,” Wang said 4 “We deserved(值得)the win because weve trained hard for over 100 days. The harder we train, the luckier we can be. We had to fight to the last minute.”
People praised them as 5 Steel Roses” because of their fighting spirit. It also encourages millions of people to keep fighting for their dream.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
能力测试
(一)语法选择
Mrs. Chen, a keeper of intangible cultural heritage, is skilled at making traditional rabbit lanterns.This Mid⁃Autumn Festival, she 1 a lantern⁃making activity for the students in the school hall.
Cathy and her classmates felt a little nervous because it was 2 first time to make lanterns with thin bamboo strips(篾片).First, Mrs. Chen told the students to put the strips in water. She explained that dry strips break easily. 3 the strips got wet, Cathy tried to bend(使弯曲) one into a circle but failed. With Mrs. Chens encouragement, Cathy tried again 4 than the first time and she succeeded.
Next, everyone started painting their lanterns. Cathy added beautiful colors to her rabbit design. Later, the students gathered 5 their works. They found something different on Mrs. Chens lantern: a cute moon rabbit sat next to a spaceship. It looked like that 6 rabbit was ready to take a trip to the stars. “Old things need new stories to stay 7 ,” Mrs. Chen said with a smile.
At night, their lanterns 8 around the park near their school. All the lanterns glowed warmly 9 the moon. Many people came to enjoy these beautiful lanterns with their families and talked about their favorites. Without any doubt, Mrs. Chens lantern was the most popular one. Seeing this, Cathy suddenly realized 10 keeping traditional skills isnt just copying the past. Its giving them new life—making it shine brighter in todays world.
( )1.A.hold B.held C.holds
( )2.A.they B.them C.their
( )3.A.After B.Unless C.Though
( )4.A.carefully B.more carefully C.most carefully
( )5.A.share B.shared C.to share
( )6.A.a B.an C.the
( )7.A.living B.lively C.alive
( )8.A.place B.were placed C.placed
( )9.A.under B.between C.with
( )10.A.that B.if C.why
(二)短文填空
up busy when expect hometown before offer outside rule for effort they
Dashiban is a 600⁃year⁃old village in Xichang, Sichuan province. It was a 11 place on the Southern Silk Road and the Tea Horse Road. However, the village gradually declined(衰落). Many villagers left their 12 to search for work elsewhere.
In order to change the situation, Xichang started a project in Dashiban in 2021. To keep the villages historical beauty, it followed the 13 of “repairing the old as old”. The local government improved tourism conditions to 14 good experiences of local culture and traditions.
The local governments 15 changed the village greatly and this has helped homestay(民宿) business develop. Chen Xiaoyu has run a homestay for several years. She said she never 16 that she could make so much money in her hometown. The villages change has also made more and more villagers working 17 come back home to start businesses. Xiao Wenfang gave 18 her job in the big city and opened a restaurant in the village after learning about its changes. Ethnic⁃themed(以民族主题的) travel photography has also become very popular. Many tourists come to dress 19 in traditional clothes.
Dashiban now has 232 homestays, 85 restaurants and 65 travel photography studios. It received 1.9 million visitors last year. People from different cities even choose this small village to live in 20 they are free. They just want to enjoy the easy life here.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
(三)翻译句子
21.这次演讲多么有用啊!
22.你多久去一次海边?
23.哇!你真的很擅长做美食。
24.你明天要和我们一起去公园捡垃圾吗?
25.他生气地喊道:“不要再上蹿下跳了!”
语法阶段检测二
(范围:形容词、副词、小词)
一、单项选择
( )1.We had a conversation with European student about the differences in table manners.
A.a B.an C.the
( )2.The concert was so wonderful that everyone was and enjoyed the wonderful music.
A.excite B.excited C.exciting
( )3.The little girl is afraid going out because it is dark outside.
A.to B.of C.for
( )4.Although the training was hard, Mary gave up and kept trying.
A.usually B.always C.never
( )5.During the football match, John hurt one of legs and was taken to the hospital right away.
A.he B.him C.his
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6.Chengdu is always popular among tourists.This is my (five) time visiting this beautiful city.
7.According to the survey, only two (hundred) students in our school take part in the after⁃school activities.
8.The weather forecast says that the weather tomorrow will be even (bad) than today.
9.Looking at these old photos, she lost (she) in the memories of her childhood.
10.If you follow the instructions carefully, you should be able to solve the problem (easy).
三、语法选择
Li Liang has always been interested in science since childhood.Hes good 11 solving problems in daily life.It is 12 dream to make peoples lives better.
One night when he was 11, he 13 the news on TV with his parents.He heard that there were harmful chemicals(化学物质) left in the vegetables people ate in a village nearby.Parents and 14 were worried about their food safety.He couldnt sleep that night 15 he kept thinking about the kids of his age who didnt have safe vegetables.He decided 16 something to help.He spent over a year in researching and testing.Finally, a tool 17 by him.It could show results fast, so people would know 18 the food was safe.
Now, as 19 college student, he gives public talks and holds science workshops to share his research methods.Through his 20 work, more and more students are following his footsteps.There will more and more inventions in the future.
( )11.A.at B.to C.for
( )12.A.he B.his C.him
( )13.A.watch B.watches C.watched
( )14.A.kid B.kids C.kids
( )15.A.or B.but C.because
( )16.A.to do B.doing C.do
( )17.A.invented B.is invented C.was invented
( )18.A.what B.whether C.which
( )19.A.a B.an C.the
( )20.A.hard B.harder C.hardest
四、短文填空
low encourage lose why under surprise different nature late overwhat we
There was a small pool full of rubbish near our school.Last year, our science teacher suggested a plan to make it clean. “Pools are part of 21 ,” he said. “To protect them is to protect ourselves. If we let it stay this way, many small animals will 22 their homes.”
We started the cleanup early in the morning on Earth Day. To our 23 , we found frogs laying eggs among plastic bags! The sight made us feel sad but also 24 us to do something right away. We cleaned up all the rubbish, planted some grass around the pool, and built bird homes on the nearby trees.
But progress was slow. Three weeks 25 , we went back to the pool and found little change.“Weve worked so hard, but it still looks untidy,” My classmate Lily said in 26 spirits. Just then, a bird dove into the pool and caught a fish.“It worked!” we cheered together. By June, colorful dragonflies returned, flying 27 the water happily. And we counted 15 different bird species(种类). All these showed that more kinds of life were coming back.
Protecting the environment isnt about what 28 say, but what we do. Now, when people ask 29 we spend time taking care of the pool every week, we smile and say: “Because this little pool is like our nature class. It tells us that if we keep doing the right thing, even in small ways, it will make a 30 . And one day, youll be glad you kept trying.”
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
五、阅读理解
B
Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk.People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor.Leizu learned how to make cocoons(蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth.This magical cloth became known as “silk”,and it was so valuable that it was called “Chinas Gold”. Following kings orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries.
But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there.As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road.
The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains.From China, people sold silk and tea.In return, they received treasures such as spices(香料), gold and silver from the West.At the very beginning,it was mainly about trade;then people began to share ideas,technologies and cultures.For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West,while new ideas about math and science came to China.
Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other.Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road.In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes(敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined(融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else.
The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas.Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history.It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each others traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things.
( )31.Who invented silk in ancient China?
A.Leizu. B.The kings. C.Zhang Qian. D.The Yellow Emperor.
( )32.What was spread from China to the West according to paragraph 3?
A.Silk and gold. B.Tea and papermaking.
C.Spices and silver. D.New ideas of science.
( )33.What is the right order of the following facts from the passage?
①Zhang Qian traveled west with silk.
②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road.
③Traders from China and the West exchanged things.
④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk.
A.①→④→③→② B.①→③→④→②
C.④→①→③→② D.④→③→②→①
( )34.What does the underlined word“distinctive” mean in paragraph 4?
A.Special. B.Public. C.Popular. D.Strong.
( )35.What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us?
A.The change of silk world trade.
B.The introduction of silk cloth.
C.The influence of technology in history.
D.The importance of cross⁃cultural communication.
六、回答问题
One recent weekend,I decided to learn how to make jiaozi with my grandmother.I thought it would be fun and easy at the very beginning, but soon it came to me that it wasnt as simple as it looked.
At first, I didnt pay attention to the sharp knife while cutting vegetables.My finger got cut.Luckily, it wasnt serious.Grandma was nervous, and quickly helped me clean the cut.“My poor little girl! Be careful next time!” said Grandma softly.Through the painful lesson, I learned the hard way that safety should always come first.
After that accident, I continued working with Grandma.We made the dough(面团), mixed the filling, and started shaping the dumplings.However, I kept making mistakes.Some of my dumplings were too thick, others were not properly sealed(封闭), and some even had too much filling, making them difficult to close.It was so discouraging, but Grandma kept encouraging me.
Until noon, we had a plate full of dumplings—some are perfect, and some are a bit messy.Dad ate my ugliest dumpling first.“Tastes better than it looks!” he laughed.Mom encouraged me, “Theyre the most delicious dumplings I have ever had.I am so proud of you!”
Now I understand that making jiaozi isnt just about the final product; it is about learning patience, having fun with my family, and improving through mistakes.Mistakes arent signs of weakness.Instead, they should be viewed as stepping stones to achievements.
36.What did the writer think of making jiaozi at the very beginning?
37.Why did the writers finger got cut?
38.Did the writer give up making jiaozi after the accident?
39.How do Moms words sound?
40.What does the writer see mistakes as?
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