专题02 Units 3～4（期中复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四制

专题02 Units 3~4（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 动词不定式（to do / do）作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语的用法； 2. 让步状语从句（although / though 引导）； 3. 后缀 -ed 和 -ing 构成形容词的区别； 4. 一词多义（Chameleon words: film, record 等）； 5. 表达惊讶、赞美及提出建议的交际用语； 6. 描述事物发展与历史变迁的句型。 复习难点： 1. 省略 to 的动词不定式（make/let sb. do sth.）及其在被动语态中的还原； 2. -ed 形容词（修饰人，感到…）与 -ing 形容词（修饰物，令人…）的辨析； 3. although/though 与 but 不能连用的原则； 4. 联系动词（sound, seem, feel 等）后接形容词的用法； 5. 不定式作目的状语与作宾语补足语的区别； 6. 含 used to do（过去常常）与 be used to do（被用来做）的辨析。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重 -ed/-ing 形容词在具体语境中的选择，以及 film/record 等多义词的词义辨析。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及 although/though 引导的让步状语从句的转换（不能与 but 连用），以及 不定式（作目的状语/宾补） 的句型转换。 1. Curiosity helps the brain to better take in new information. 好奇心帮助大脑更好地吸收新信息。 【用法详解】 动词不定式作宾语补足语 (Infinitive as object complement) ① 结构：动词 + 宾语 + (to) do sth. ② 常接 带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词：ask, tell, want, encourage, invite, help 等。 Dr Gu gave a speech to encourage everyone to keep a curious mind. Sure. We can also invite some model students to give us speeches. ③ 常接 省略 to 的不定式作宾补的动词：make, let, have 等使役动词，以及 see, hear, watch 等感官动词。 In 1918, magician Harry made a big elephant disappear on the stage. Please let us know if you have any questions at any time. 【易混警示】 在被动语态中，省略 to 的动词不定式必须还原 to。 主动：The joke made him laugh. 被动：He was made to laugh by the joke. 【即时训练】 （1）Our teacher encourages us ______ (ask) questions in class. （2）The funny story made everyone ______ (laugh). （3）Please let me ______ (help) you with your homework. （4）改错：He was seen enter the room. → ______ 2. Yiming felt surprised when he learned that Bailing had read seven books... 当一鸣得知白灵读了七本书时，他感到很惊讶…… 【用法详解】 后缀 -ed 与 -ing 构成的形容词 ① -ed 形容词：通常用来形容人，表示“感到……的”（主语通常是人）。 surprised (感到惊讶的), excited (感到兴奋的), interested (感到有趣的), annoyed (感到烦恼的)。 Bailing asked Yiming about his holiday, Yiming talked about his exciting trip to Mount Tai. He was so excited to watch the sunrise... (P39, 注意此处的 exciting 修饰物，excited 修饰人) ② -ing 形容词：通常用来形容事物，表示“令人……的”。 surprising (令人惊讶的), exciting (令人兴奋的), interesting (令人有趣的), annoying (令人烦恼的)。 However, it wasn't surprising at all — she always reads a lot. (P39) 【巧记口诀】 “ed 修饰人，ing 修饰物”（但注意：如果指代人的表情、声音等特征，也可用 -ing，如 an exciting voice）。 【即时训练】 （1）The movie was so ______ (touch) that we all cried. （2）I felt ______ (surprise) to see him here. （3）The children were ______ (excite) about the coming trip. 3. To the parent, these questions may seem never-ending, even a little annoying. 对父母来说，这些问题似乎没完没了，甚至有点烦人。 【用法详解】 不及物动词 seem 的用法 ① 主语 + seem + 形容词：看起来…… These questions may seem never-ending. (P40) ② 主语 + seem + to do sth.：似乎做某事 Books seem to have the answer to everything! (P38) ③ It seems that + 从句：似乎…… It seems that only yesterday that I bought my first cassette! (P54, 此句省略了 that) 【即时训练】 （1）He seems ______ (know) the truth. （2）The math problem ______ (看起来) very difficult. （3）It ______ (seem) that it is going to rain. 4. Curiosity encourages voluntary learning and helps discover career interests. 好奇心鼓励自愿学习，并帮助发现职业兴趣。 【用法详解】 动名词作主语及不定式的省略 ① 动名词（doing）作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Curiosity encourages... (名词作主语) Learning to do simple repairs to the family car led me to study engineering. (P41, 动名词短语作主语) ② help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事，to 可以省略。 Curiosity ... helps discover career interests. (P41) Curiosity helps the brain to better take in new information. (P40, 这里带 to) 【即时训练】 （1）______ (read) books is a good way to relax. （2）Listening to music ______ (help) me relax after school. （3）Volunteering ______ (be) a meaningful activity. 5. Although there were more new chances in the city, living conditions there were unpleasant for most people. 尽管城市里有更多的新机会，但那里大多数人的生活条件并不好。 【用法详解】 让步状语从句 (although / though) ① although / though 意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，可放在句首或句中。 Although there were more new chances in the city, living conditions there were unpleasant... (P57) Though it's a very old radio, it still works well. (P60) ② 绝对不能与 but 连用（中英文习惯差异）。 ❌ Although it was late, but we kept working. ✅ Although it was late, we kept working. ③ although 与 though 的区别：although 较正式，多用于句首；though 较口语化，还可用于倒装句或句末（意为“不过”）。 It's a very old radio. It still works well, though. 【即时训练】 （1）______ (Although/But) he is young, he knows a lot. （2）改错：Though it was raining, but they went out. → ______ （3）______ (Though/But) the watch is very old, it works well. 6. Everyone used to have a cassette player. 过去每个人都有一个磁带播放机。 【用法详解】 辨析 used to do sth. / be used to doing sth. / be used to do sth. ① used to do sth.：过去常常做某事（现在不做了）。只能用于过去时。 Transport used to be very slow and difficult in the past. (P52) I used to ride a train. (P53) ② be used to doing sth.：习惯于做某事（to 是介词，后接动名词/名词）。 I am used to getting up early. ③ be used to do sth.：被用来做某事（被动语态，to 是不定式符号）。 A roll of film is used to take photos. (P55) Laser technology is used to create 3D digital models... (P64) 【易混警示】 注意区分：used to do（过去常常）与 be used to doing（习惯于）。 【即时训练】 （1）My grandpa ______ (过去常常) go fishing in the river. （2）Wood can ______ (被用来) make paper. （3）I ______ (习惯于) living in the countryside now. 7. It can store all your electronic cards. 它可以存储你所有的电子卡。 【用法详解】 一词多义 (Chameleon words: film, record) ① film They found a roll of film in the attic. (P55, 意为：胶片) Everyone in the family watched the film except Harry. (P55, 意为：电影) ② record This old record player belongs to my great-grandma. (P55, 意为：唱片) She records everything that happens to her in her diary. (P55, 意为：记录 v.) Robots... send video information to the control unit. (P25, 相关词义) 【即时训练】 （1）I bought a new camera, but I forgot to buy some ______ (胶片). （2）The ______ (电影) we watched last night was very interesting. （3）Please ______ (记录) the numbers in your notebook. 8. It is said that one day, Isaac Newton was sitting under a tree. 据说有一天，艾萨克·牛顿正坐在树下。 【用法详解】 句型 It is said that... 及相关系动词 ① It is said that... 意为“据说……”，it 作形式主语，that 引导主语从句。 It is said that one day, Isaac Newton was sitting under a tree. (P48) It is believed that this type of technology will make the lives of blind people safer and easier. (P25, Unit 2 也有此句型) ② 系动词 + 形容词：sound, look, taste, smell, feel, seem。 Wow! Sounds exciting! (P38) These questions may seem never-ending... (P40) 【即时训练】 （1）______ is said that he is a genius. （2）The music ______ (听起来) beautiful. （3）The soup ______ (尝起来) delicious. 基础固本练（限时：25分钟） 一、单词拼写 1．I don’t like apples, and my sister doesn’t like them ________. (也) 2．We are going to see a ________ (电影) when we are free. 3．I haven’t heard from him for a long time,but I have received a ________ (最近) photo of his daughter. 4．Doing chores can ________ (培养) children’s independence. 5．Parents send their students to this school to get good ________ (教育). 6．Moon Restaurant has the ________ (最差的) service. 7．He has a good _______ (记忆), so he can remember all the new words quickly. 8．A microscope is a useful ______ (工具). 9．Most of our parents grew up in the ________ (乡村), with the beauty of nature around. 10．I will ________ (停留) at home this weekend and do some housework. 11．It’s not ________ to see so many fans at the concert. (surprise) 12．We watched some wonderful ___________ (cartoon) last weekend. 13．My mother told me ________ (drink) more water. 14．Mike’s hobby is playing basketball. ________ is listening to music. (I) 15．The chapter Lu Yao is reading about saving homeless animals is very ________ (touch). 16．It is said that Archimedes’ discovery was made while he was taking a ________. But who knows! (bathe) 17．It is not _________ (surprise) that Tom can pass the exam because he is always hardworking. 18．Linda’s mother is ill, so Linda has to ________ (stay) at home to look after her. 19．Yangzhou is one of the ________ cities in Jiangsu Province. (large) 20．Father decided ________ us to Hong Kong Disneyland for fun. (take) 二、完成句子 21．我想投诉我昨天新买的这本书印刷很糟糕。（complain） I want to ___________________________________________. 22．The invention of the Internet has changed the way we communicate. (对画线部分提问) ________ the invention of the Internet changed? 23．has / transport / over / years / developed / past / the / quickly / many __________________________________________________________ 24．He was often angry with her because he thought that she never visited him. （对画线部分提问） ________ ________ he often angry with her? 三、翻译 25．她很少参加课后社团活动，因为大部分时间都用来练习钢琴了。 ________________________________________________ 26．如今，轮船和飞机从遥远的地方运输货物。（汉译英） _____________________________________ 27．现在人们用智能手机拍照，而过去人们需要用装胶卷的相机。（汉译英） _____________________________________ 28．突然的地震让整栋楼剧烈抖动，所有人都被这可怕的场景震惊了。 ________________________________________ 29．过去人们靠烧木柴取暖，现在我们用空调和电暖器。（汉译英） _____________________________________ 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、完形填空 The American city of Detroit (底特律) was like Paris, some people said. It had a big river, beautiful wide streets and important buildings. Then, in the 20th century, it was called “Motor City” because of the 1 of car factories there. Workers in the car factories had good jobs and they earned good money. It wasn’t unusual to own a home, a boat and even a holiday home. In the 1950s, new highways were built and lots of people 2 from the city centre to the suburbs. Life was good. But at the beginning of the 21st century, Detroit became America’s poorest big city. In a period of fifty years, more than half the people left Detroit. Houses and buildings were 3 . Poverty and crime increased. Plants and trees grew in the houses. What happened in Detroit? The city’s population fell for several reasons. First, people moved to the suburbs in the 1950s. And in 1967, there were terrible riots (暴乱). A lot of people were afraid of coming to the city. Also, the big car companies 4 General Motors and Chrysler had huge problems. And in 2008, the world financial crisis (经济危机) had a big effect on many cities, especially Detroit. Now, a lot of people in Detroit are poor. Half of the city’s families have less than 25,000 dollars a year. In 2013, the city of Detroit was bankrupt (破产). It was the 5 bankrupt city in American history. But then 6 began to change. It was a new beginning for the city. It had some money to improve small things like lights in the streets and so people felt safe. The police came quickly when there were problems. Old, empty buildings were demolished (拆除). There is now space for new buildings. And there are new businesses too. The city gave 10,000 dollars to 30 new small businesses. Now there are grocery stores, juice bars, coffee shops and even bicycle makers. Finally, the city is working again. 1．A．research B．improvement C．number D．advantage 2．A．moved B．removed C．supported D．sent 3．A．rural B．continuous C．fantastic D．empty 4．A．for example B．are like C．as for D．such as 5．A．biggest B．smallest C．highest D．best 6．A．everyone B．something C．anything D．nothing 二、阅读理解 A Curious Boy’s Discovery Tom was a very curious boy. He loved to explore the woods near his home. One day, while walking in the woods, he noticed some strange-looking plants. They had big, colorful leaves and small, shiny fruits. Tom was very curious about these plants. He had never seen anything like them before. He picked one of the fruits and examined it carefully. It smelled sweet, but he was not sure if it was safe to eat. He decided to take some of the plants home to show his father. His father was a botanist, and Tom thought he could tell him what the plants were. When Tom showed the plants to his father, his father was very excited. He told Tom that these were rare plants that were not commonly found in that area. His father explained that the plants were important for the ecosystem. They provided food and shelter for many small animals. He also told Tom that it was important to protect these plants and not to pick them without permission. Tom learned a lot from this experience. He realized that his curiosity had led him to discover something new and important. He also understood the importance of protecting nature. 7．Where did Tom find the strange-looking plants? A．In his garden. B．In the park. C．In the woods near his home. D．At school. 8．What did Tom do with the strange-looking plants? A．He ate the fruits. B．He left them in the woods. C．He took some home to show his father. D．He planted them in his backyard. 9．What was Tom’s father’s job? A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．A botanist. D．A farmer. 10．Why were the plants important? A．They were very beautiful. B．They were rare and important for the ecosystem. C．They could be used to make medicine. D．They could be sold for a lot of money. 11．What did Tom learn from this experience? A．To be more careful when exploring. B．That curiosity can lead to new discoveries and the importance of protecting nature. C．That he should not pick plants without permission. D．All of the above. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 3~4（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 动词不定式（to do / do）作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语的用法； 2. 让步状语从句（although / though 引导）； 3. 后缀 -ed 和 -ing 构成形容词的区别； 4. 一词多义（Chameleon words: film, record 等）； 5. 表达惊讶、赞美及提出建议的交际用语； 6. 描述事物发展与历史变迁的句型。 复习难点： 1. 省略 to 的动词不定式（make/let sb. do sth.）及其在被动语态中的还原； 2. -ed 形容词（修饰人，感到…）与 -ing 形容词（修饰物，令人…）的辨析； 3. although/though 与 but 不能连用的原则； 4. 联系动词（sound, seem, feel 等）后接形容词的用法； 5. 不定式作目的状语与作宾语补足语的区别； 6. 含 used to do（过去常常）与 be used to do（被用来做）的辨析。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重 -ed/-ing 形容词在具体语境中的选择，以及 film/record 等多义词的词义辨析。 句型转换/翻译：常涉及 although/though 引导的让步状语从句的转换（不能与 but 连用），以及 不定式（作目的状语/宾补） 的句型转换。 1. Curiosity helps the brain to better take in new information. 好奇心帮助大脑更好地吸收新信息。 【用法详解】 动词不定式作宾语补足语 (Infinitive as object complement) ① 结构：动词 + 宾语 + (to) do sth. ② 常接 带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词：ask, tell, want, encourage, invite, help 等。 Dr Gu gave a speech to encourage everyone to keep a curious mind. Sure. We can also invite some model students to give us speeches. ③ 常接 省略 to 的不定式作宾补的动词：make, let, have 等使役动词，以及 see, hear, watch 等感官动词。 In 1918, magician Harry made a big elephant disappear on the stage. Please let us know if you have any questions at any time. 【易混警示】 在被动语态中，省略 to 的动词不定式必须还原 to。 主动：The joke made him laugh. 被动：He was made to laugh by the joke. 【即时训练】 （1）Our teacher encourages us ______ (ask) questions in class. （2）The funny story made everyone ______ (laugh). （3）Please let me ______ (help) you with your homework. （4）改错：He was seen enter the room. → ______ 答案：（1）to ask （2）laugh （3）help （4）He was seen to enter the room. 2. Yiming felt surprised when he learned that Bailing had read seven books... 当一鸣得知白灵读了七本书时，他感到很惊讶…… 【用法详解】 后缀 -ed 与 -ing 构成的形容词 ① -ed 形容词：通常用来形容人，表示“感到……的”（主语通常是人）。 surprised (感到惊讶的), excited (感到兴奋的), interested (感到有趣的), annoyed (感到烦恼的)。 Bailing asked Yiming about his holiday, Yiming talked about his exciting trip to Mount Tai. He was so excited to watch the sunrise... (P39, 注意此处的 exciting 修饰物，excited 修饰人) ② -ing 形容词：通常用来形容事物，表示“令人……的”。 surprising (令人惊讶的), exciting (令人兴奋的), interesting (令人有趣的), annoying (令人烦恼的)。 However, it wasn't surprising at all — she always reads a lot. (P39) 【巧记口诀】 “ed 修饰人，ing 修饰物”（但注意：如果指代人的表情、声音等特征，也可用 -ing，如 an exciting voice）。 【即时训练】 （1）The movie was so ______ (touch) that we all cried. （2）I felt ______ (surprise) to see him here. （3）The children were ______ (excite) about the coming trip. 答案：（1）touching （2）surprised （3）excited 3. To the parent, these questions may seem never-ending, even a little annoying. 对父母来说，这些问题似乎没完没了，甚至有点烦人。 【用法详解】 不及物动词 seem 的用法 ① 主语 + seem + 形容词：看起来…… These questions may seem never-ending. (P40) ② 主语 + seem + to do sth.：似乎做某事 Books seem to have the answer to everything! (P38) ③ It seems that + 从句：似乎…… It seems that only yesterday that I bought my first cassette! (P54, 此句省略了 that) 【即时训练】 （1）He seems ______ (know) the truth. （2）The math problem ______ (看起来) very difficult. （3）It ______ (seem) that it is going to rain. 答案：（1）to know （2）seems （3）seems 4. Curiosity encourages voluntary learning and helps discover career interests. 好奇心鼓励自愿学习，并帮助发现职业兴趣。 【用法详解】 动名词作主语及不定式的省略 ① 动名词（doing）作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Curiosity encourages... (名词作主语) Learning to do simple repairs to the family car led me to study engineering. (P41, 动名词短语作主语) ② help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事，to 可以省略。 Curiosity ... helps discover career interests. (P41) Curiosity helps the brain to better take in new information. (P40, 这里带 to) 【即时训练】 （1）______ (read) books is a good way to relax. （2）Listening to music ______ (help) me relax after school. （3）Volunteering ______ (be) a meaningful activity. 答案：（1）Reading （2）helps （3）is 5. Although there were more new chances in the city, living conditions there were unpleasant for most people. 尽管城市里有更多的新机会，但那里大多数人的生活条件并不好。 【用法详解】 让步状语从句 (although / though) ① although / though 意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，可放在句首或句中。 Although there were more new chances in the city, living conditions there were unpleasant... (P57) Though it's a very old radio, it still works well. (P60) ② 绝对不能与 but 连用（中英文习惯差异）。 ❌ Although it was late, but we kept working. ✅ Although it was late, we kept working. ③ although 与 though 的区别：although 较正式，多用于句首；though 较口语化，还可用于倒装句或句末（意为“不过”）。 It's a very old radio. It still works well, though. 【即时训练】 （1）______ (Although/But) he is young, he knows a lot. （2）改错：Though it was raining, but they went out. → ______ （3）______ (Though/But) the watch is very old, it works well. 答案：（1）Although （2）Though it was raining, they went out. （3）Though 6. Everyone used to have a cassette player. 过去每个人都有一个磁带播放机。 【用法详解】 辨析 used to do sth. / be used to doing sth. / be used to do sth. ① used to do sth.：过去常常做某事（现在不做了）。只能用于过去时。 Transport used to be very slow and difficult in the past. (P52) I used to ride a train. (P53) ② be used to doing sth.：习惯于做某事（to 是介词，后接动名词/名词）。 I am used to getting up early. ③ be used to do sth.：被用来做某事（被动语态，to 是不定式符号）。 A roll of film is used to take photos. (P55) Laser technology is used to create 3D digital models... (P64) 【易混警示】 注意区分：used to do（过去常常）与 be used to doing（习惯于）。 【即时训练】 （1）My grandpa ______ (过去常常) go fishing in the river. （2）Wood can ______ (被用来) make paper. （3）I ______ (习惯于) living in the countryside now. 答案：（1）used to （2）be used to （3）am used to 7. It can store all your electronic cards. 它可以存储你所有的电子卡。 【用法详解】 一词多义 (Chameleon words: film, record) ① film They found a roll of film in the attic. (P55, 意为：胶片) Everyone in the family watched the film except Harry. (P55, 意为：电影) ② record This old record player belongs to my great-grandma. (P55, 意为：唱片) She records everything that happens to her in her diary. (P55, 意为：记录 v.) Robots... send video information to the control unit. (P25, 相关词义) 【即时训练】 （1）I bought a new camera, but I forgot to buy some ______ (胶片). （2）The ______ (电影) we watched last night was very interesting. （3）Please ______ (记录) the numbers in your notebook. 答案：（1）film （2）film （3）record 8. It is said that one day, Isaac Newton was sitting under a tree. 据说有一天，艾萨克·牛顿正坐在树下。 【用法详解】 句型 It is said that... 及相关系动词 ① It is said that... 意为“据说……”，it 作形式主语，that 引导主语从句。 It is said that one day, Isaac Newton was sitting under a tree. (P48) It is believed that this type of technology will make the lives of blind people safer and easier. (P25, Unit 2 也有此句型) ② 系动词 + 形容词：sound, look, taste, smell, feel, seem。 Wow! Sounds exciting! (P38) These questions may seem never-ending... (P40) 【即时训练】 （1）______ is said that he is a genius. （2）The music ______ (听起来) beautiful. （3）The soup ______ (尝起来) delicious. 答案：（1）It （2）sounds （3）tastes 基础固本练（限时：25分钟） 一、单词拼写 1．I don’t like apples, and my sister doesn’t like them ________. (也) 【答案】either 【详解】句意：我不喜欢苹果，我姐姐也不喜欢。根据“doesn’t like”可知，句子是否定句，在句末用either表示“也”。故填either。 2．We are going to see a ________ (电影) when we are free. 【答案】film/movie 【详解】句意：我们有空的时候要去看电影。根据“We are going to see a…when we are free.”及汉语提示可知，此处指的是去看电影，空前有不定冠词a修饰，film/movie“电影”，名词作宾语，符合语境。故填film/movie。 3．I haven’t heard from him for a long time,but I have received a ________ (最近) photo of his daughter. 【答案】recent 【详解】句意：我很长一段时间没有受到他的来信了，但是我收到了她女儿的近照。此处应填形容词作定语，根据中文提示可知，最近：recent。故填recent。 4．Doing chores can ________ (培养) children’s independence. 【答案】develop 【详解】句意：做家务可以培养孩子的独立性。develop“培养”，can后接动词原形，故填develop。 5．Parents send their students to this school to get good ________ (教育). 【答案】education 【详解】句意：家长把他们的学生送到这所学校接受良好的教育。education“教育”，在此为不可数名词，作宾语。故填education。 6．Moon Restaurant has the ________ (最差的) service. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：月亮餐厅的服务最差。worst“最差的”，形容词bad的最高级形式，作定语，修饰名词“service”。故填worst。 7．He has a good _______ (记忆), so he can remember all the new words quickly. 【答案】memory 【详解】句意：他记忆力很好，因此他能很快记住所有新单词。memory“记忆”，a后跟名词单数。故填memory。 8．A microscope is a useful ______ (工具). 【答案】tool 【详解】句意：显微镜是一种有用的工具。tool“工具”，a后跟名词单数。故填tool。 9．Most of our parents grew up in the ________ (乡村), with the beauty of nature around. 【答案】countryside 【详解】句意：我们的大多数父母在乡村长大，周围是自然的美景。根据中文提示可知，此处应填入“countryside”，意为“乡村”。故填countryside。 10．I will ________ (停留) at home this weekend and do some housework. 【答案】stay 【详解】句意：这个周末我会待在家里做些家务。“停留”stay，will后接动词原形。故填stay。 11．It’s not ________ to see so many fans at the concert. (surprise) 【答案】surprising 【详解】句意：在演唱会看到如此多的粉丝不是令人吃惊的。根据“It’s”可知，句子的谓语为系动词“is”，所以，设空处需填入形容词做表语；分析句子结构可知，句中的不定式“to see so many fans”为句子真正的主语，“It”只是句子的形式主语，所以，此处填入的形容词应该是修饰“to see so many fans”这件事，修饰事情需用ing形式形容词，所以，surprising“令人吃惊的”符合题意。故填surprising。 12．We watched some wonderful ___________ (cartoon) last weekend. 【答案】cartoons 【详解】句意：周末我们看了一些精彩的动画片。根据“some wonderful”可知，应用名词复数形式。故填cartoons。 13．My mother told me ________ (drink) more water. 【答案】to drink 【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我多喝水。题干中动词told后应接宾语补足语，构成tell sb. (not) to do sth.结构，意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事”。因此这里需要用动词不定式形式。故填to drink。 14．Mike’s hobby is playing basketball. ________ is listening to music. (I) 【答案】Mine 【详解】句意：迈克的爱好是打篮球。我的爱好是听音乐。 根据句意，空格处所在句子表示“我的爱好是听音乐”，空格后无名词，所以用名词性物主代词作主语。结合括号内所给词，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写，所以空格处填名词性物主代词Mine。故答案为Mine。 15．The chapter Lu Yao is reading about saving homeless animals is very ________ (touch). 【答案】touching 【详解】句意：陆遥正在读的关于拯救无家可归的动物的章节非常感人。根据句子结构，此处应填一个形容词作表语，修饰主语“The chapter”。touch的形容词形式有touching和touched两种，其中touching意为“感人的，动人的”，常用来描述事物本身具有感动人的特质；touched意为“感动的”，常用来描述人的感受。根据语境可知，此处是描述章节的内容感人的，应使用touching。故填touching。 16．It is said that Archimedes’ discovery was made while he was taking a ________. But who knows! (bathe) 【答案】bath 【详解】句意：据说阿基米德的发现是在他洗澡的时候做出的。但谁知道呢！根据“taking a”可知，此处需填名词单数形式，构成固定短语take a bath“洗澡”。bathe“洗澡”，动词，其名词形式为bath。故填bath。 17．It is not _________ (surprise) that Tom can pass the exam because he is always hardworking. 【答案】surprising 【详解】句意：汤姆能通过考试并不奇怪，因为他总是很努力。分析句子结构可知，空处应该填形容词作表语。空处指代的是“Tom can pass the exam”这件事，用surprise的形容词surprising“令人惊讶的”。故填surprising。 18．Linda’s mother is ill, so Linda has to ________ (stay) at home to look after her. 【答案】stay 【详解】句意：Linda的妈妈生病了，所以Linda不得不待在家里照顾她。根据“has to”可知，横线处需填动词原形，stay“待”，动词。have to do sth.“不得不做某事”。故填stay。 19．Yangzhou is one of the ________ cities in Jiangsu Province. (large) 【答案】largest 【详解】句意：扬州是江苏省最大的城市之一。large“大的”，one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示“最……的……之一”，故填largest。 20．Father decided ________ us to Hong Kong Disneyland for fun. (take) 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：父亲决定带我们去香港迪士尼乐园玩。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to take。 二、完成句子 21．我想投诉我昨天新买的这本书印刷很糟糕。（complain） I want to ___________________________________________. 【答案】complain about the poor printing of the book I bought yesterday/complain about the poor printing of the book that I bought yesterday/complain about the poor printing of the book which I bought yesterday 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“投诉我昨天新买的这本书印刷很糟糕”，“投诉”对应的英文是complain about；“这本书印刷很糟糕”可翻译为the poor printing of the book，其中“我昨天新买的”是定语从句修饰the book，用that/which引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，可省略，时态是一般过去时，“买”是buy，其过去式是bought，“昨天”是yesterday；want to do sth“想要做某事”，complain应该用动词原形，故填complain about the poor printing of the book (that/which) I bought yesterday。 22．The invention of the Internet has changed the way we communicate. (对画线部分提问) ________ the invention of the Internet changed? 【答案】What has 【详解】句意：互联网的发明改变了我们沟通的方式。原句时态是现在完成时态，画线部分“the way we communicate”是动词“changed”的宾语，使用疑问词“what”提问，位于句首，首字母大写，助动词“has”提到主语“the invention of the Internet”之前。故填What has。 23．has / transport / over / years / developed / past / the / quickly / many __________________________________________________________ 【答案】Transport has developed quickly over the past many years. 【详解】根据词汇提示可知，句子是陈述句，且时态为现在完成时（has+过去分词）。主语是Transport“交通”；has developed是谓语，其中developed是实义动词develop的过去分词，构成现在完成时结构；quickly是副词，修饰谓语动词；over the past many years是时间状语，说明动作发生的时间范围，故填Transport has developed quickly over the past many years.“在过去的许多年里，交通发展迅速。” 24．He was often angry with her because he thought that she never visited him. （对画线部分提问） ________ ________ he often angry with her? 【答案】 Why was 【详解】句意：他经常对她生气，因为他认为她从不来看望他。划线部分是原因状语从句，应该用why提问，同时把主句变为一般疑问句，was提到主语he之前。故填Why；was。 三、翻译 25．她很少参加课后社团活动，因为大部分时间都用来练习钢琴了。 ________________________________________________ 【答案】She rarely takes part in after-school club activities, because most of her time is spent practicing the piano. 【详解】她“she”；很少“rarely”；参加“take part in”，主语为第三人称单数，动词用三单；课后社团活动“after-school club activities”；因为“because”，引导原因状语从句；大部分时间“most of her time”，作从句主语；都用来“is spent”，一般现在时的被动语态，表示“时间被花”；练习钢琴“practice the piano”，根据spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”可知，要用动名词practicing。故填She rarely takes part in after-school club activities, because most of her time is spent practicing the piano. 26．如今，轮船和飞机从遥远的地方运输货物。（汉译英） _____________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays, ships and planes transport goods from faraway places. 【详解】如今：Nowadays，句首单词，首字母大写；轮船和飞机：ships and planes，作主语，表示泛指，所以使用ship“轮船”和plane“飞机”的复数形式；从遥远的地方：from faraway places，介词短语作状语，置于句尾，表示泛指，所以使用place“地方”的复数形式；运输货物：transport goods，描述现在的情况用一般现在时，主语表示复数，所以动词transport“运输”保持原形，goods“货物”表示泛指，本身就是复数形式。故填Nowadays, ships and planes transport goods from faraway places. 27．现在人们用智能手机拍照，而过去人们需要用装胶卷的相机。（汉译英） _____________________________________ 【答案】Now people take photos with smartphones, but in the past, people needed to use cameras with rolls of film. 【详解】现在：now；人们：people；用智能手机拍照：take photos with smartphones；而过去：but in the past；人们需要：people needed to；用装胶卷的相机：use cameras with rolls of film。结合语境可知，前半句描述现在的习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语people是复数，谓语动词take用原形；后半句“in the past”表过去时间，用一般过去时，need用过去式needed；“but”表转折，连接两个并列分句。故填Now people take photos with smartphones, but in the past, people needed to use cameras with rolls of film。 28．突然的地震让整栋楼剧烈抖动，所有人都被这可怕的场景震惊了。 ________________________________________ 【答案】The sudden earthquake made the whole building shake violently, and everyone was shocked by the terrible scene. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句描述过去突然发生的动作与状态，时态为一般过去时。“突然的地震”英文为“The sudden earthquake”，作主语，句首单词“The”需大写；“让整栋楼剧烈抖动”英文为“made the whole building shake violently”，其中“made”是使役动词，后接省略“to”的不定式“shake”作宾语补足语；“所有人都被这可怕的场景震惊了”英文为“and everyone was shocked by the terrible scene”，是由“and”连接的并列分句，使用被动语态。故填The sudden earthquake made the whole building shake violently, and everyone was shocked by the terrible scene. 29．过去人们靠烧木柴取暖，现在我们用空调和电暖器。（汉译英） _____________________________________ 【答案】In the past, people relied on burning wood for heating, but now we use air conditioners and electric heaters. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句为并列句，前半句时态为一般过去时，后半句为一般现在时。“过去人们靠烧木柴取暖”翻译为“In the past, people relied on burning wood for heating”，其中“In the past”是时间状语，“people”作主语，“relied on”作谓语，“burning wood”作宾语，“for heating”是介词短语作目的状语；“现在我们用空调和电暖器”翻译为“but now we use air conditioners and electric heaters”，是并列句，“but”是转折连词，“now”是时间状语，“we”作主语，“use”作谓语，“air conditioners and electric heaters”作宾语。故填In the past, people relied on burning wood for heating, but now we use air conditioners and electric heaters. 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、完形填空 The American city of Detroit (底特律) was like Paris, some people said. It had a big river, beautiful wide streets and important buildings. Then, in the 20th century, it was called “Motor City” because of the 1 of car factories there. Workers in the car factories had good jobs and they earned good money. It wasn’t unusual to own a home, a boat and even a holiday home. In the 1950s, new highways were built and lots of people 2 from the city centre to the suburbs. Life was good. But at the beginning of the 21st century, Detroit became America’s poorest big city. In a period of fifty years, more than half the people left Detroit. Houses and buildings were 3 . Poverty and crime increased. Plants and trees grew in the houses. What happened in Detroit? The city’s population fell for several reasons. First, people moved to the suburbs in the 1950s. And in 1967, there were terrible riots (暴乱). A lot of people were afraid of coming to the city. Also, the big car companies 4 General Motors and Chrysler had huge problems. And in 2008, the world financial crisis (经济危机) had a big effect on many cities, especially Detroit. Now, a lot of people in Detroit are poor. Half of the city’s families have less than 25,000 dollars a year. In 2013, the city of Detroit was bankrupt (破产). It was the 5 bankrupt city in American history. But then 6 began to change. It was a new beginning for the city. It had some money to improve small things like lights in the streets and so people felt safe. The police came quickly when there were problems. Old, empty buildings were demolished (拆除). There is now space for new buildings. And there are new businesses too. The city gave 10,000 dollars to 30 new small businesses. Now there are grocery stores, juice bars, coffee shops and even bicycle makers. Finally, the city is working again. 1．A．research B．improvement C．number D．advantage 2．A．moved B．removed C．supported D．sent 3．A．rural B．continuous C．fantastic D．empty 4．A．for example B．are like C．as for D．such as 5．A．biggest B．smallest C．highest D．best 6．A．everyone B．something C．anything D．nothing 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．A 6．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了底特律这座城市从繁荣到衰败再到逐渐复兴的过程。20世纪时，底特律因汽车工厂众多被称为“汽车城”，然而进入21世纪后，底特律却成了美国最贫穷的大城市，在2013年甚至破产，但随后情况开始好转，城市逐渐恢复生机。 【详解】1．句意：然后，在20世纪，由于那里汽车工厂的数量众多，它被称为“汽车城”。 research研究；improvement改进；number数量；advantage优势。根据“it was called ‘Motor City’”可知，底特律被称为“汽车城”是因为那里汽车工厂数量多，“the number of...”表示“……的数量”。故选C。 2．句意：20世纪50年代，新的高速公路建成，许多人从市中心搬到了郊区。 moved移动，搬迁；removed移除；supported支持；sent发送。根据“from the city centre to the suburbs”可知，人们是从市中心搬到郊区，“move from...to...”表示“从……搬到……”。故选A。 3．句意：房屋和建筑物都空无一人。 rural乡村的；continuous连续的；fantastic极好的；empty空的。根据“In a period of fifty years, more than half the people left Detroit.”可知，超过一半的人离开了底特律，所以房屋和建筑物应该是空的。故选D。 4．句意：而且，像通用汽车和克莱斯勒这样的大型汽车公司也遇到了巨大的问题。 for example例如，一般只举同类人或物中的一个为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末；are like像……一样；as for至于；such as例如，用来列举事物时，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。根据“General Motors and Chrysler”可知，此处是在举例说明大型汽车公司，“General Motors and Chrysler”是多个例子，且空格后没有逗号，所以用such as。故选D。 5．句意：它是美国历史上规模最大的破产城市。 biggest最大的；smallest最小的；highest最高的；best最好的。根据“In 2013, the city of Detroit was bankrupt (破产).”以及前文描述底特律的衰败可知，此处是说底特律是美国历史上规模最大的破产城市，形容城市规模大用big，其最高级是biggest。故选A。 6．句意：但后来事情开始发生变化。 everyone每个人；something某事，某物；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么。根据“It was a new beginning for the city. ”以及后文描述底特律逐渐改善的情况可知，此处是说事情开始发生变化，“something began to change”表示“事情开始发生变化”。故选B。 二、阅读理解 A Curious Boy’s Discovery Tom was a very curious boy. He loved to explore the woods near his home. One day, while walking in the woods, he noticed some strange-looking plants. They had big, colorful leaves and small, shiny fruits. Tom was very curious about these plants. He had never seen anything like them before. He picked one of the fruits and examined it carefully. It smelled sweet, but he was not sure if it was safe to eat. He decided to take some of the plants home to show his father. His father was a botanist, and Tom thought he could tell him what the plants were. When Tom showed the plants to his father, his father was very excited. He told Tom that these were rare plants that were not commonly found in that area. His father explained that the plants were important for the ecosystem. They provided food and shelter for many small animals. He also told Tom that it was important to protect these plants and not to pick them without permission. Tom learned a lot from this experience. He realized that his curiosity had led him to discover something new and important. He also understood the importance of protecting nature. 7．Where did Tom find the strange-looking plants? A．In his garden. B．In the park. C．In the woods near his home. D．At school. 8．What did Tom do with the strange-looking plants? A．He ate the fruits. B．He left them in the woods. C．He took some home to show his father. D．He planted them in his backyard. 9．What was Tom’s father’s job? A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．A botanist. D．A farmer. 10．Why were the plants important? A．They were very beautiful. B．They were rare and important for the ecosystem. C．They could be used to make medicine. D．They could be sold for a lot of money. 11．What did Tom learn from this experience? A．To be more careful when exploring. B．That curiosity can lead to new discoveries and the importance of protecting nature. C．That he should not pick plants without permission. D．All of the above. 【答案】7．C 8．C 9．C 10．B 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个好奇的男孩汤姆在探索家附近的树林时发现了一些奇怪的植物，并通过父亲的讲解学到了保护自然的重要性。 【详解】7．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“He loved to explore the woods near his home. One day, while walking in the woods, he noticed some strange-looking plants.”可知，汤姆是在家附近的树林里发现这些植物的。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“He decided to take some of the plants home to show his father.”可知，汤姆把植物带回家给父亲看。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“His father was a botanist”可知，汤姆的父亲是一名植物学家。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“His father explained that the plants were important for the ecosystem. They provided food and shelter for many small animals.”可知，这些植物对生态系统很重要，它们为许多小动物提供食物和庇护所。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第2段“He also told Tom that it was important to protect these plants and not to pick them without permission.”和最后一段“Tom learned a lot from this experience. He realized that his curiosity had led him to discover something new and important. He also understood the importance of protecting nature.”可知，汤姆从这次经历中学到了探索时要小心、好奇心能带来新发现、保护自然的重要性以及未经许可不应采摘植物。故选D。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $