Unit 1 Getting along with others（复习讲义）英语新教材冀教版九年级下册

Unit 1 Getting along with others（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 围绕Getting along with others主题，学会描述朋友间误会、争吵与和解的故事。 2. 掌握本单元人际、情绪、动作类单词与短语，理解重点句型。 3. 能读懂对话、短文与历史小故事；会用简单语言表达观点、调解矛盾。 4. 能口头和书面描述人际问题，学会友好沟通、换位思考，懂得珍惜友谊，理解 “负荆请罪” 等文化故事。 复习重难点 重点：读懂人际对话、短文与历史故事；掌握本单元人际类词汇短语；能描述朋友间冲突、沟通与和解；学会表达观点、劝解他人，理解换位思考。 难点：理清叙事文本事件先后顺序；在口语、写作中恰当运用语句表达矛盾、道歉与谅解；理解 “负荆请罪” 典故内涵，学会理性处理人际分歧。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点 1：I tried calling you, but your phone was out of service. 我试着给你打电话，但你的电话无法使用。（教材P2） ①knock /nɒk/v. 敲；碰；撞；n. 敲击；敲击声 【固定搭配】 （1）knock at the door 敲门 Please knock at the door before you come in. 进来前请先敲门。 （2）knock sth. against sth. 把某物撞到某物上 The ball bounced and hit Danny’s head. 球弹起来撞到了丹尼的头。 【易错分析】 knock at 后接门窗；knock into sb. 表示撞到某人，介词不能混用。 【知识拓展】knock down 撞倒；knock over 碰倒 ②rush /rʌʃ/v.（使）匆忙行事；迅速移动；n. 忙碌；冲；匆忙 【固定搭配】 （1）rush around 四处奔忙 I’ve been rushing around all day. 我一整天都在忙忙碌碌。 （2）rush to do sth. 匆忙去做某事 Don’t rush to give your answer. 不要急着给出答案。 【易错分析】 rush 本身包含 “快速” 含义，不能再加副词 quickly。 【知识拓展】in a rush 匆忙地；rush hour 交通高峰期 ③pardon /ˈpɑːdn/v. 原谅；赦免 【固定搭配】 （1）Pardon me. 原谅我；打扰一下。（口语） Pardon me, I didn’t catch your words. 不好意思，我没听清你的话。 （2）pardon sb. for sth. 原谅某人某事 Please pardon me for my mistake. 请原谅我的错误。 【易错分析】 单独使用 Pardon? 意为 “请再说一遍”，和 Pardon me 含义不同。 【知识拓展】excuse me（事前打扰）；sorry（事后道歉） ④bounce /baʊns/v.（使）弹起；n. 弹跳 【固定搭配】 （1）bounce up and down 上下弹跳 The ball bounced up and down on the ground. 球在地上上下弹跳。 【易错分析】 bounce 可作及物动词（bounce a ball 拍球）或不及物动词（The ball bounces. 球弹起来）。 【知识拓展】bounce back 反弹；恢复状态 【即时小练】 1.Please ______ the door before entering the room. A. knock B. knock at C. knock into D. knock down 2.He ______ to the playground after hearing the news. A. rush B. rushed C. rushing D. rushes 3. —______? I can’t hear you clearly. A. Pardon B. Pardon me C. Sorry D. Excuse 4.The basketball ______ on the floor. A. bounce B. bounces C. bouncing D. bounced 知识点 2：Danny and Steven eat cookies in silence. 丹尼和史蒂文默默地吃着饼干。（教材 P3） ①silent /ˈsaɪlənt/adj. 沉默的；安静的 【固定搭配】 （1）in silence 沉默地，安静地 They sat in silence. 他们安静地坐着。 （2）keep silent 保持沉默 Please keep silent in the library. 在图书馆请保持安静。 【易错分析】 silent 是形容词，silence 是名词；in silence（介词短语）= silently（副词），作状语。 【知识拓展】silently adv. 沉默地；silence n. 沉默 ②separate /ˈseprət/v. 隔开；（使）分离 【固定搭配】 （1）separate…from… 把…… 和…… 分开 Jenny jumps in to separate them. 珍妮上前把他俩分开。 【易错分析】 separate 作动词读 /ˈsepəreɪt/；作形容词读 /ˈseprət/，意为 “分开的”。 【知识拓展】separate into 分成（几部分） 【即时小练】 1.They listened to the story ______. A. silent B. silence C. in silence D. silently 2.We should separate the good apples ______ the bad ones. A. with B. from C. for D. to 知识点 3：When everyone agrees on a time, it shouldn’t be changed. 当所有人就时间达成一致，就不应该更改。（教材 P3） ①agree on 就…… 达成一致 【固定搭配】 （1）agree on sth. 就某事达成共识 They agreed on a new plan. 他们就新计划达成一致。 （2）agree with sb. 同意某人（观点） I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。 （3）agree to sth. 同意（计划 / 提议） He agreed to the idea. 他同意这个想法。 【易错分析】 agree on 宾语是双方协商的事情；agree with 后接人 / 观点；agree to 接计划、方案。 【知识拓展】agreement n. 协议；同意 reach an agreement 达成协议 ②regret /rɪˈɡret/n. & v. 懊悔；遗憾 【固定搭配】 （1）regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（事情已经做完） I regretted doing it. 我后悔做了这件事。 （2）regret to do sth. 遗憾要去做某事（事情还没做） I regret to tell you the bad news. 我很遗憾要告诉你这个坏消息。 【易错分析】 regret doing（后悔已做） vs regret to do（遗憾要做），不要混淆。 【知识拓展】regretful adj. 懊悔的 【即时小练】 1.We ______ the date of the meeting. A. agreed with B. agreed on C. agreed to D. agreed 2.He regretted ______ to his friend. A. lie B. lying C. to lie D. lied 知识点 4：Sam knew he had to find a way to change the situation and adapt to this new environment. 萨姆知道他必须想办法改变现状，适应这个新环境。（教材 P4） ①adapt /əˈdæpt/v. 适应；改编 【固定搭配】 （1）adapt to 适应 adapt to new environment 适应新环境 You should adapt to the new school life. 你应该适应新的校园生活。 【易错分析】 to 是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词 doing，不能接动词原形。 【知识拓展】adapt…from… 根据…… 改编 【即时小练】 It’s hard for him to adapt ______ the new life. A. live B. to live C. to living D. living 知识点 5：Social interactions are often limited to a “Hi!” on the street. 社交互动通常仅限于在街上一句 “嗨！”。（教材 P6） ①limit /ˈlɪmɪt/v. 限制；limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/adj. 有限的；受限制的 【固定搭配】 （1）be limited to 仅限于 The meeting is limited to 30 minutes. 会议仅限 30 分钟。 【易错分析】 limited 形容词；limit 动词 / 名词；to 为介词，后接名词 /doing。 【知识拓展】 limit sth. to… 把…… 限制在…… ②upset /ʌpˈset/v. 使烦恼；使生气；adj. 难过；沮丧 【固定搭配】 （1）upset sb. 使某人生气 / 心烦 What he said upset me. 他说的话让我心烦。 （2）be upset about sth. 为某事难过 She is upset about the result. 她对结果感到沮丧。 【易错分析】 upset 动词过去式、过去分词仍然是 upset，不变形。 【知识拓展】 upset adj. 心烦的（修饰人） 【即时小练】 1.The activity is limited ______ students. A. to B. for C. at D. in 2.The bad news ______ him. A. upset B. upsets C. upsetting D. upseted 知识点 6：Avoid arguments, especially ones that judge the personality of the person rather than their actions. 避免争吵，尤其是评判人的性格而不是行为的争吵。（教材 P6） ①rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/adv. 反而；相当 【固定搭配】 （1）rather than 而不是 We all want peace rather than fighting. 我们都想要和平而不是争斗。 （2）would rather do A than do B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B I would rather stay home than go out. 我宁愿待在家里也不出去。 【易错分析】 rather than 连接并列成分，前后形式保持一致。 【知识拓展】rather adv. 相当 rather cold 相当冷 【即时小练】 I choose reading ______ watching TV. A. rather B. than C. rather than D. than rather 知识点 7：We used to study and play together, but ever since last Friday, she hasn’t spoken to me. 我们过去常常一起学习玩耍，但自从上周五起，她就不和我说话了。（教材 P8） ①used to 习惯于；曾经（过去常常） 【固定搭配】 （1）used to do sth. 过去常常做（现在不做了） We used to study together. 我们过去常常一起学习。 （2）be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。 （3）be used to do 被用来做 Knives are used to cut things. 刀用来切东西。 【易错分析】 used to do（过去常常）；be used to doing（习惯于，to 是介词），不要混淆。 【知识拓展】否定：didn’t use to do 【即时小练】 He ______ swim in the river when he was young. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. used 知识点 8：I considered all the things that could be wrong, but I still can’t figure out what the problem is. 我想了所有可能出错的事情，但仍然弄不明白问题在哪。（教材 P8） ①figure /ˈfɪɡə(r)/v. 认定；认为；计算；n. 数字；人物；身材 【固定搭配】 （1）figure out 查清楚，弄明白 I can’t figure out the answer. 我弄不明白答案。 【易错分析】 figure out 是 “动词 + 副词” 短语，代词放中间：figure it out。 【知识拓展】figure n. 人物；数字 a key figure 关键人物 【即时小练】 Can you ______ this problem? A. figure B. figure out C. figure on D. figure up 知识点 9：If neither of these things works, just leave your friend alone. 如果这两种办法都没用，那就别打扰你的朋友。（教材 P8） ①leave…alone 留…… 独自一人；不打扰 【固定搭配】 （1）Leave me alone. 别打扰我。 Just leave your friend alone. 不要打扰你的朋友。 【易错分析】 alone 形容词，意为独自的，强调客观上独自一人； lonely 孤独的，侧重内心孤单。 【知识拓展】alone adv. 独自地 【即时小练】 Please ______ me ______. I want to rest. A. leave; alone B. leave; lonely C. let; alone D. let; lonely 知识点 10：Both of you can move on and find new friends. 你们两个人都可以继续前行，结交新朋友。（教材 Page8） ①repair /rɪˈpeə(r)/v. 弥补；修理 【固定搭配】 （1）repair friendship 修复友谊 try to rebuild that friendship 努力重建那份友谊 【易错分析】 repair 多指修补物品、修复关系；mend 多指缝补衣物。 【知识拓展】rebuild v. 重建；使复原 【即时小练】 It’s hard to ______ their friendship after the fight. A. repair B. make C. do D. fix 知识点 11：But even if you’re not friends anymore, you should still be friendly towards her. 但即使你们不再是朋友，你依然要对她友好。（教材 P8） ①anymore /ˌeniˈmɔː(r)/adv. 再也（不） 【固定搭配】 （1）not…anymore 不再 You are not friends anymore. 你们不再是朋友。 【易错分析】 not …anymore = no more，anymore 常用于句末。 【知识拓展】no longer 不再（侧重时间） 【即时小练】 He ______ live here ______. A. doesn’t; anymore B. no; anymore C. isn’t; anymore D. don’t; anymore 知识点12：We used to study and play together, but ever since last Friday, she hasn’t spoken to me. 我们过去常常一起学习玩耍，但自从上周五起，她就不和我说话了。（教材 Page8） ①used to 过去常常 【固定搭配】 （1）used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不再做） We used to study and play together. 我们过去常常一起学习玩耍。 （2）be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。 （3）be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 Wood is used to make paper. 木头被用来造纸。 【易错分析】 used to do 描述过去习惯；be used to doing 中 to 是介词，后面接 doing，不要接动词原形。 【知识拓展】 used to 的否定形式：didn’t use to do sth. 【即时小练】 He ______ go fishing by the river when he was little. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. used 知识点 13：I risked my life in many battles to get where I am. 我在无数战场上出生入死才有今天的地位。（教材 Page12） ①risk /rɪsk/v. 冒…… 风险；n. 风险 【固定搭配】 （1）risk one’s life 冒生命危险 I risked my life in many battles. 我在很多战役中冒生命危险。 （2）risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 Don’t risk swimming in the river. 不要冒险下河游泳。 【易错分析】 risk 后面接 doing，不能接 to do。 【知识拓展】at risk 处于危险中 【即时小练】 He risked ______ his life to save the boy. A. lose B. losing C. to lose D. lost 知识点 14：Lin Xiangru heard Lian’s words and tried to avoid meeting him by not going out. 蔺相如听到廉颇的话，尽量不出门，避免和他碰面。（教材 Page12） ①avoid /əˈvɔɪd/v. 避免；避开 【固定搭配】 （1）avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 try to avoid meeting him 尽量避免和他碰面 【易错分析】 avoid 后面只能接 doing，不能接 to do。 【知识拓展】avoid sth. 避开某物 【即时小练】 You should avoid ______ in the sun for too long. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed 知识点 15：He felt ashamed of himself. 他感到羞愧。（教材 Page13） ①ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/adj. 羞愧的；惭愧的 【固定搭配】 （1）feel ashamed of oneself 感到羞愧 He felt ashamed of himself. 他感到羞愧。 （2）be ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事 【易错分析】 ashamed 修饰人；shameful 修饰事物，意为 “可耻的”。 【知识拓展】shame n. 羞愧；遗憾 【即时小练】 He felt ashamed ______ his mistake. A. of B. for C. at D. with 知识点 16：It means that just as I can get annoyed or disturbed when I notice that aspect in someone else, I’d better reexamine my qualities and consider making some changes. 这意味着，当我在别人身上看到这一面而感到恼火不安时，我最好重新审视自己的品质，考虑做出一些改变。（教材 Page15） ①annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/adj. 恼火的；恼怒的；annoy /əˈnɔɪ/v. 使恼怒 【固定搭配】 （1）get annoyed 感到恼火 I can get annoyed. 我会感到恼火。 （2）be annoyed at sth. 因某事生气 【易错分析】 annoyed 修饰人；annoying 修饰事物，“令人恼火的”。 【知识拓展】annoying adj. 令人恼火的 【即时小练】 ②consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/v. 考虑；认为 【固定搭配】 （1）consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 consider making some changes 考虑做出一些改变 （2）consider sb. (as)… 把某人看作…… 【易错分析】 consider 后接 doing，不接 to do。 【知识拓展】consideration n. 考虑 1.He felt ______ at the bad news. A. annoy B. annoyed C. annoying D. annoyance 2.She is considering ______ to another city. A. move B. to move C. moving D. moved 单元语法： 介词 at, in 和 on 一、总体概括 at、in、on 是中考最高频的时间、地点介词。介词不能单独充当句子成分，后面接名词 / 代词构成介词短语，用来表达时间、地点等逻辑关系。 简单口诀：at 点，on 天，in 段；at 小，in 大 at：用于时刻、小点； on：用于具体某一天（及其早中晚）； in：用于较长时间段、大范围地点。 二、具体讲解 ①表时间 1.at（接时刻、短暂时间点、节日） 时刻：at 4:35 p.m.，at noon，at midnight 短期时间：at night，at breakfast time，at Christmas，at the weekend 2.on（接具体某天，含当天早 / 中 / 晚） on Monday，on March 27，on Sunday morning，on the afternoon of October 1 特例：morning 前有形容词修饰，也用 on：on a fine morning 3.in（接较长时间段：年、月、季节、泛指早中晚、周） in 2023，in January，in summer，in the morning，in a week 特殊考点：早中晚前有 early/late，用 in：in the late afternoon of October 1 ②表地点 1.at：小地点（站点、学校、门口，把地点看作一个点） arrive at school，at the station把大城市当作旅途上一个点位时，也可用 at：stop at Shanghai 2.in：大地点（城市、国家、区域，在范围内部） in Beijing，in Shanghai，in Huangpu Districtarrive in + 大城市 【易混对比】 介词 时间场景 地点场景 at 时刻、短期假日 小地点（点） on 具体某天 / 某天早中晚 在物体表面 in 年、月、季节、泛指早中晚 大地区、城市内部 （时间：30分钟）（仅供参考） 一、单词拼写 1．When Christian wanted to hug them, he ________ (knock) them down gently. 2．Jack often ________ (rush) to watch his rabbit first when he comes home from school. 3．________ (pardon) me, could you tell me the way to the station? 4．After discussion, we decided to work on the project ________ (separate) and then combine our ideas. 5．The hero fought bravely against these ________ (enemy) to protect his people. 6．The ________ (bore) movie made us leave. 7．The baby is ________ (asleep) in the bed. 8．It’s ________ (polite) to laugh at people who are born with disabilities (缺陷). We should try our best to help them instead. 9．After the earthquake, people ________ (rebuild) the city with the help from all over the world. 10．After the earthquake, the local community organised to collect donations ________ to help the victims. (rapid) 二、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。 wise    put on    rush    politely    speech In today’s global village, understanding cultural differences is important. For example, in some countries, it is considered 1 to speak loudly in public, while in others, it’s completely normal. When attending an international event, one should always 2 appropriate clothing to show respect. During a 3 , it’s  important to express ideas 4 to avoid misunderstandings. Sometimes, when someone 5 through a conversation, they may accidentally offend others. We can build stronger and more respectful connections with people around the world by learning about different cultures. 三、单项选择 1．— Who taught ________ English last term?   — Nobody. She learned it by ________. A．her; her B．she; herself C．her; herself D．herself; her 2．Ella suggested Peter ________ Harry a text message first. A．send B．sends C．sending D．to send 3．________ difficult for the little plants ________ to the new pots at first. A．It’s; adapt B．It’s; to adapt C．That’s; adapt D．That’s; to adapt 4．The little boy regretted ________ with his mother for breaking the cup. A．argue B．arguing C．to argue D．argued 5．Mr. Wu ________ the students into 6 groups and made them ________ plenty of rubbish into different groups. A．separated; separate B．separated; divide C．divided; separate D．divided; divide 6．We didn’t ________ Jerry, but we ________ a date to discuss about it. A．agree on; agreed to B．agreed with; agreed on C．agree with; agreed on D．agree with; agreed to 7．There ________ a chemical factory here, but now there is a park. A．use to be B．used to have C．was used be D．used to be 8．She prefers ________ volunteer work in the youth centre ________  at home on weekends. A．to do; rather than stay B．to do; rather than to stay C．to do; to staying D．doing; rather than to staying 9．Susan wrote her first book ________. Her book ________ very popular all over the world ever since it came out. A．in 1860’s; was B．in 1860s; has been C．in the 1860s; has been D．in the 1860; was 10．— ________ is knocking at the door. Go and see who it is.   — OK. A．Anyone B．Someone C．Everyone D．No one 四、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It is always important to have good relationships with your neighbors. You’ll never know when you may need their 1 . If they do something that makes you 2 , it is better to discuss it in a polite way than to have a quarrel (争吵). For example, if your neighbors are playing loud music that you do not like, ask them 3 to turn down the music instead of calling the police directly for help. Trees and fences (篱笆) can also be a reason that causes 4 between neighbors. My grandmother likes 5 outside in the sun after lunch. But her neighbor has put up a high fence that stops 6 from going into her yard in the early afternoon. My grandmother does not want to be 7 with him because he gave her a lot of help when my grandfather was ill last year. So she 8 at the neighbor and talked with him about her trouble. Then, her neighbor 9 the fence to give her some sunshine without losing his privacy (隐私). My grandmother 10 the tree that was above his garden. Finally, they reached an agreement which made both pleased. 1．A．help B．trust C．attention D．understanding 2．A．happy B．upset C．sick D．interested 3．A．quickly B．mostly C．early D．politely 4．A．peace B．pressure C．connection D．disagreement 5．A．running B．sitting C．dancing D．drinking 6．A．birds B．water C．rain D．sunshine 7．A．busy B．angry C．careful D．patient 8．A．smiled B．arrived C．laughed D．pointed 9．A．broke B．created C．painted D．repaired 10．A．turned down B．wrote down C．cut down D．took down 五、任务型阅读 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 As middle school students, we often face a lot of problems, especially in our relationships with classmates and friends. These problems can make us feel unhappy. Understanding the problems Many students feel nervous when they have to speak in front of the class. They worry about what others might think of them. Some students also have trouble making friends. They feel shy and don’t know how to start a conversation. Another common problem is disagreements with friends. Friends may have different opinions or interests, and these differences can cause arguments between friends. Sometimes, a small disagreement can turn into a big fight, and students may not know how to solve it. Finding help to solve problems When we face these problems, it’s important to find someone to talk to. Talking to a friend, a family member or a teacher can be very helpful. They can listen to our feelings and give us useful advice. For example, if you feel nervous about speaking in class, your teacher might tell you to practice in front of a mirror or join a speaking club. My best friend and I had a big fight over a misunderstanding. I felt so sad. I talked to my teacher. With her help, we made up and became close again. — Jack In a word, it’s normal to have these problems. But we don’t have to deal with these problems alone. By talking to others and getting their help, we can find ways to solve our problems and feel happier. 1．Why do many students feel nervous when speaking in front of the class? 2．What can cause arguments between friends? 3．If you ask 200 students who they will talk to when they meet problems, how many students will talk to their friends according to the pie chart (饼图)? 4．Who can middle school students talk to when they face relationship problems? 5．How did Jack feel after fighting with his best friend? 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Getting along with others（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 围绕Getting along with others主题，学会描述朋友间误会、争吵与和解的故事。 2. 掌握本单元人际、情绪、动作类单词与短语，理解重点句型。 3. 能读懂对话、短文与历史小故事；会用简单语言表达观点、调解矛盾。 4. 能口头和书面描述人际问题，学会友好沟通、换位思考，懂得珍惜友谊，理解 “负荆请罪” 等文化故事。 复习重难点 重点：读懂人际对话、短文与历史故事；掌握本单元人际类词汇短语；能描述朋友间冲突、沟通与和解；学会表达观点、劝解他人，理解换位思考。 难点：理清叙事文本事件先后顺序；在口语、写作中恰当运用语句表达矛盾、道歉与谅解；理解 “负荆请罪” 典故内涵，学会理性处理人际分歧。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点 1：I tried calling you, but your phone was out of service. 我试着给你打电话，但你的电话无法使用。（教材P2） ①knock /nɒk/v. 敲；碰；撞；n. 敲击；敲击声 【固定搭配】 （1）knock at the door 敲门 Please knock at the door before you come in. 进来前请先敲门。 （2）knock sth. against sth. 把某物撞到某物上 The ball bounced and hit Danny’s head. 球弹起来撞到了丹尼的头。 【易错分析】 knock at 后接门窗；knock into sb. 表示撞到某人，介词不能混用。 【知识拓展】knock down 撞倒；knock over 碰倒 ②rush /rʌʃ/v.（使）匆忙行事；迅速移动；n. 忙碌；冲；匆忙 【固定搭配】 （1）rush around 四处奔忙 I’ve been rushing around all day. 我一整天都在忙忙碌碌。 （2）rush to do sth. 匆忙去做某事 Don’t rush to give your answer. 不要急着给出答案。 【易错分析】 rush 本身包含 “快速” 含义，不能再加副词 quickly。 【知识拓展】in a rush 匆忙地；rush hour 交通高峰期 ③pardon /ˈpɑːdn/v. 原谅；赦免 【固定搭配】 （1）Pardon me. 原谅我；打扰一下。（口语） Pardon me, I didn’t catch your words. 不好意思，我没听清你的话。 （2）pardon sb. for sth. 原谅某人某事 Please pardon me for my mistake. 请原谅我的错误。 【易错分析】 单独使用 Pardon? 意为 “请再说一遍”，和 Pardon me 含义不同。 【知识拓展】excuse me（事前打扰）；sorry（事后道歉） ④bounce /baʊns/v.（使）弹起；n. 弹跳 【固定搭配】 （1）bounce up and down 上下弹跳 The ball bounced up and down on the ground. 球在地上上下弹跳。 【易错分析】 bounce 可作及物动词（bounce a ball 拍球）或不及物动词（The ball bounces. 球弹起来）。 【知识拓展】bounce back 反弹；恢复状态 【即时小练】 1.Please ______ the door before entering the room. A. knock B. knock at C. knock into D. knock down 答案：B 详细解析：句意：进房间前请敲门。knock at the door 是固定短语 “敲门”，故选 B。 2.He ______ to the playground after hearing the news. A. rush B. rushed C. rushing D. rushes 答案：B 详细解析：句意：听到消息后，他冲向操场。动作发生在过去，用一般过去时 rushed，故选 B。 3. —______? I can’t hear you clearly. A. Pardon B. Pardon me C. Sorry D. Excuse 答案：A 详细解析：句意：能再说一遍吗？我听不清。单独 Pardon? 用于请求对方重复话语，故选 A。 4.The basketball ______ on the floor. A. bounce B. bounces C. bouncing D. bounced 答案：B 详细解析：句意：篮球在地板上弹跳。主语 the basketball 是单数，一般现在时谓语用 bounces，故选 B。 知识点 2：Danny and Steven eat cookies in silence. 丹尼和史蒂文默默地吃着饼干。（教材 P3） ①silent /ˈsaɪlənt/adj. 沉默的；安静的 【固定搭配】 （1）in silence 沉默地，安静地 They sat in silence. 他们安静地坐着。 （2）keep silent 保持沉默 Please keep silent in the library. 在图书馆请保持安静。 【易错分析】 silent 是形容词，silence 是名词；in silence（介词短语）= silently（副词），作状语。 【知识拓展】silently adv. 沉默地；silence n. 沉默 ②separate /ˈseprət/v. 隔开；（使）分离 【固定搭配】 （1）separate…from… 把…… 和…… 分开 Jenny jumps in to separate them. 珍妮上前把他俩分开。 【易错分析】 separate 作动词读 /ˈsepəreɪt/；作形容词读 /ˈseprət/，意为 “分开的”。 【知识拓展】separate into 分成（几部分） 【即时小练】 1.They listened to the story ______. A. silent B. silence C. in silence D. silently 答案：C 详细解析：句意：他们安静地听故事。in silence 介词短语作状语，表示 “沉默地”，故选 C。 2.We should separate the good apples ______ the bad ones. A. with B. from C. for D. to 答案：B 详细解析：句意：我们应该把好苹果和坏苹果分开。separate…from… 固定搭配，故选 B。 知识点 3：When everyone agrees on a time, it shouldn’t be changed. 当所有人就时间达成一致，就不应该更改。（教材 P3） ①agree on 就…… 达成一致 【固定搭配】 （1）agree on sth. 就某事达成共识 They agreed on a new plan. 他们就新计划达成一致。 （2）agree with sb. 同意某人（观点） I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。 （3）agree to sth. 同意（计划 / 提议） He agreed to the idea. 他同意这个想法。 【易错分析】 agree on 宾语是双方协商的事情；agree with 后接人 / 观点；agree to 接计划、方案。 【知识拓展】agreement n. 协议；同意 reach an agreement 达成协议 ②regret /rɪˈɡret/n. & v. 懊悔；遗憾 【固定搭配】 （1）regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（事情已经做完） I regretted doing it. 我后悔做了这件事。 （2）regret to do sth. 遗憾要去做某事（事情还没做） I regret to tell you the bad news. 我很遗憾要告诉你这个坏消息。 【易错分析】 regret doing（后悔已做） vs regret to do（遗憾要做），不要混淆。 【知识拓展】regretful adj. 懊悔的 【即时小练】 1.We ______ the date of the meeting. A. agreed with B. agreed on C. agreed to D. agreed 答案：B 详细解析：句意：我们就会议日期达成一致。agree on sth. 就某事达成共识，故选 B。 2.He regretted ______ to his friend. A. lie B. lying C. to lie D. lied 答案：B 详细解析：句意：他后悔对朋友撒谎了。撒谎这件事已经发生，用 regret doing，故选 B。 知识点 4：Sam knew he had to find a way to change the situation and adapt to this new environment. 萨姆知道他必须想办法改变现状，适应这个新环境。（教材 P4） ①adapt /əˈdæpt/v. 适应；改编 【固定搭配】 （1）adapt to 适应 adapt to new environment 适应新环境 You should adapt to the new school life. 你应该适应新的校园生活。 【易错分析】 to 是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词 doing，不能接动词原形。 【知识拓展】adapt…from… 根据…… 改编 【即时小练】 It’s hard for him to adapt ______ the new life. A. live B. to live C. to living D. living 答案：C 详细解析：句意：对他来说适应新生活很难。adapt to doing sth，to 是介词，后接 doing，故选 C。 知识点 5：Social interactions are often limited to a “Hi!” on the street. 社交互动通常仅限于在街上一句 “嗨！”。（教材 P6） ①limit /ˈlɪmɪt/v. 限制；limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/adj. 有限的；受限制的 【固定搭配】 （1）be limited to 仅限于 The meeting is limited to 30 minutes. 会议仅限 30 分钟。 【易错分析】 limited 形容词；limit 动词 / 名词；to 为介词，后接名词 /doing。 【知识拓展】 limit sth. to… 把…… 限制在…… ②upset /ʌpˈset/v. 使烦恼；使生气；adj. 难过；沮丧 【固定搭配】 （1）upset sb. 使某人生气 / 心烦 What he said upset me. 他说的话让我心烦。 （2）be upset about sth. 为某事难过 She is upset about the result. 她对结果感到沮丧。 【易错分析】 upset 动词过去式、过去分词仍然是 upset，不变形。 【知识拓展】 upset adj. 心烦的（修饰人） 【即时小练】 1.The activity is limited ______ students. A. to B. for C. at D. in 答案：A 详细解析：句意：这项活动仅限学生参加。be limited to 固定短语，故选 A。 2.The bad news ______ him. A. upset B. upsets C. upsetting D. upseted 答案：A 详细解析：句意：这个坏消息让他心烦。upset 过去式还是 upset，故选 A。 知识点 6：Avoid arguments, especially ones that judge the personality of the person rather than their actions. 避免争吵，尤其是评判人的性格而不是行为的争吵。（教材 P6） ①rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/adv. 反而；相当 【固定搭配】 （1）rather than 而不是 We all want peace rather than fighting. 我们都想要和平而不是争斗。 （2）would rather do A than do B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B I would rather stay home than go out. 我宁愿待在家里也不出去。 【易错分析】 rather than 连接并列成分，前后形式保持一致。 【知识拓展】rather adv. 相当 rather cold 相当冷 【即时小练】 I choose reading ______ watching TV. A. rather B. than C. rather than D. than rather 答案：C 详细解析：句意：我选择阅读而不是看电视。rather than “而不是”，故选 C。 知识点 7：We used to study and play together, but ever since last Friday, she hasn’t spoken to me. 我们过去常常一起学习玩耍，但自从上周五起，她就不和我说话了。（教材 P8） ①used to 习惯于；曾经（过去常常） 【固定搭配】 （1）used to do sth. 过去常常做（现在不做了） We used to study together. 我们过去常常一起学习。 （2）be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。 （3）be used to do 被用来做 Knives are used to cut things. 刀用来切东西。 【易错分析】 used to do（过去常常）；be used to doing（习惯于，to 是介词），不要混淆。 【知识拓展】否定：didn’t use to do 【即时小练】 He ______ swim in the river when he was young. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. used 答案：A 详细解析：句意：他小时候常在河里游泳。used to do 过去常常做某事，故选 A。 知识点 8：I considered all the things that could be wrong, but I still can’t figure out what the problem is. 我想了所有可能出错的事情，但仍然弄不明白问题在哪。（教材 P8） ①figure /ˈfɪɡə(r)/v. 认定；认为；计算；n. 数字；人物；身材 【固定搭配】 （1）figure out 查清楚，弄明白 I can’t figure out the answer. 我弄不明白答案。 【易错分析】 figure out 是 “动词 + 副词” 短语，代词放中间：figure it out。 【知识拓展】figure n. 人物；数字 a key figure 关键人物 【即时小练】 Can you ______ this problem? A. figure B. figure out C. figure on D. figure up 答案：B 详细解析：句意：你能弄明白这个问题吗？figure out 弄清楚，故选 B。 知识点 9：If neither of these things works, just leave your friend alone. 如果这两种办法都没用，那就别打扰你的朋友。（教材 P8） ①leave…alone 留…… 独自一人；不打扰 【固定搭配】 （1）Leave me alone. 别打扰我。 Just leave your friend alone. 不要打扰你的朋友。 【易错分析】 alone 形容词，意为独自的，强调客观上独自一人； lonely 孤独的，侧重内心孤单。 【知识拓展】alone adv. 独自地 【即时小练】 Please ______ me ______. I want to rest. A. leave; alone B. leave; lonely C. let; alone D. let; lonely 答案：A 详细解析：句意：别打扰我，我想休息。leave…alone 不打扰，故选 A。 知识点 10：Both of you can move on and find new friends. 你们两个人都可以继续前行，结交新朋友。（教材 Page8） ①repair /rɪˈpeə(r)/v. 弥补；修理 【固定搭配】 （1）repair friendship 修复友谊 try to rebuild that friendship 努力重建那份友谊 【易错分析】 repair 多指修补物品、修复关系；mend 多指缝补衣物。 【知识拓展】rebuild v. 重建；使复原 【即时小练】 It’s hard to ______ their friendship after the fight. A. repair B. make C. do D. fix 答案：A 详细解析：句意：争吵之后很难修复他们的友谊。repair 可表示修复关系，故选 A。 知识点 11：But even if you’re not friends anymore, you should still be friendly towards her. 但即使你们不再是朋友，你依然要对她友好。（教材 P8） ①anymore /ˌeniˈmɔː(r)/adv. 再也（不） 【固定搭配】 （1）not…anymore 不再 You are not friends anymore. 你们不再是朋友。 【易错分析】 not …anymore = no more，anymore 常用于句末。 【知识拓展】no longer 不再（侧重时间） 【即时小练】 He ______ live here ______. A. doesn’t; anymore B. no; anymore C. isn’t; anymore D. don’t; anymore 答案：A 详细解析：句意：他不再住在这里。not…anymore 不再，主语 he，助动词用 doesn’t，故选 A。 知识点12：We used to study and play together, but ever since last Friday, she hasn’t spoken to me. 我们过去常常一起学习玩耍，但自从上周五起，她就不和我说话了。（教材 Page8） ①used to 过去常常 【固定搭配】 （1）used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不再做） We used to study and play together. 我们过去常常一起学习玩耍。 （2）be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。 （3）be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 Wood is used to make paper. 木头被用来造纸。 【易错分析】 used to do 描述过去习惯；be used to doing 中 to 是介词，后面接 doing，不要接动词原形。 【知识拓展】 used to 的否定形式：didn’t use to do sth. 【即时小练】 He ______ go fishing by the river when he was little. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. used 答案：A 详细解析：句意：他小时候常在河边钓鱼。used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事，故选 A。 知识点 13：I risked my life in many battles to get where I am. 我在无数战场上出生入死才有今天的地位。（教材 Page12） ①risk /rɪsk/v. 冒…… 风险；n. 风险 【固定搭配】 （1）risk one’s life 冒生命危险 I risked my life in many battles. 我在很多战役中冒生命危险。 （2）risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 Don’t risk swimming in the river. 不要冒险下河游泳。 【易错分析】 risk 后面接 doing，不能接 to do。 【知识拓展】at risk 处于危险中 【即时小练】 He risked ______ his life to save the boy. A. lose B. losing C. to lose D. lost 答案：B 详细解析：句意：他冒着生命危险救那个男孩。risk doing sth. 冒险做某事，故选 B。 知识点 14：Lin Xiangru heard Lian’s words and tried to avoid meeting him by not going out. 蔺相如听到廉颇的话，尽量不出门，避免和他碰面。（教材 Page12） ①avoid /əˈvɔɪd/v. 避免；避开 【固定搭配】 （1）avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 try to avoid meeting him 尽量避免和他碰面 【易错分析】 avoid 后面只能接 doing，不能接 to do。 【知识拓展】avoid sth. 避开某物 【即时小练】 You should avoid ______ in the sun for too long. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed 答案：C 详细解析：句意：你应该避免在太阳下待太久。avoid doing sth.，故选 C。 知识点 15：He felt ashamed of himself. 他感到羞愧。（教材 Page13） ①ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/adj. 羞愧的；惭愧的 【固定搭配】 （1）feel ashamed of oneself 感到羞愧 He felt ashamed of himself. 他感到羞愧。 （2）be ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事 【易错分析】 ashamed 修饰人；shameful 修饰事物，意为 “可耻的”。 【知识拓展】shame n. 羞愧；遗憾 【即时小练】 He felt ashamed ______ his mistake. A. of B. for C. at D. with 答案：A 详细解析：句意：他为自己的错误感到羞愧。be/feel ashamed of 为…… 感到羞愧，故选 A。 知识点 16：It means that just as I can get annoyed or disturbed when I notice that aspect in someone else, I’d better reexamine my qualities and consider making some changes. 这意味着，当我在别人身上看到这一面而感到恼火不安时，我最好重新审视自己的品质，考虑做出一些改变。（教材 Page15） ①annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/adj. 恼火的；恼怒的；annoy /əˈnɔɪ/v. 使恼怒 【固定搭配】 （1）get annoyed 感到恼火 I can get annoyed. 我会感到恼火。 （2）be annoyed at sth. 因某事生气 【易错分析】 annoyed 修饰人；annoying 修饰事物，“令人恼火的”。 【知识拓展】annoying adj. 令人恼火的 【即时小练】 ②consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/v. 考虑；认为 【固定搭配】 （1）consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 consider making some changes 考虑做出一些改变 （2）consider sb. (as)… 把某人看作…… 【易错分析】 consider 后接 doing，不接 to do。 【知识拓展】consideration n. 考虑 1.He felt ______ at the bad news. A. annoy B. annoyed C. annoying D. annoyance 答案：B 详细解析：句意：听到坏消息，他感到恼火。annoyed 修饰人，表示 “感到恼火的”，故选 B。 2.She is considering ______ to another city. A. move B. to move C. moving D. moved 答案：C 详细解析：句意：她正在考虑搬到另一座城市。consider doing sth. 考虑做某事，故选 C。 单元语法： 介词 at, in 和 on 一、总体概括 at、in、on 是中考最高频的时间、地点介词。介词不能单独充当句子成分，后面接名词 / 代词构成介词短语，用来表达时间、地点等逻辑关系。 简单口诀：at 点，on 天，in 段；at 小，in 大 at：用于时刻、小点； on：用于具体某一天（及其早中晚）； in：用于较长时间段、大范围地点。 二、具体讲解 ①表时间 1.at（接时刻、短暂时间点、节日） 时刻：at 4:35 p.m.，at noon，at midnight 短期时间：at night，at breakfast time，at Christmas，at the weekend 2.on（接具体某天，含当天早 / 中 / 晚） on Monday，on March 27，on Sunday morning，on the afternoon of October 1 特例：morning 前有形容词修饰，也用 on：on a fine morning 3.in（接较长时间段：年、月、季节、泛指早中晚、周） in 2023，in January，in summer，in the morning，in a week 特殊考点：早中晚前有 early/late，用 in：in the late afternoon of October 1 ②表地点 1.at：小地点（站点、学校、门口，把地点看作一个点） arrive at school，at the station把大城市当作旅途上一个点位时，也可用 at：stop at Shanghai 2.in：大地点（城市、国家、区域，在范围内部） in Beijing，in Shanghai，in Huangpu Districtarrive in + 大城市 【易混对比】 介词 时间场景 地点场景 at 时刻、短期假日 小地点（点） on 具体某天 / 某天早中晚 在物体表面 in 年、月、季节、泛指早中晚 大地区、城市内部 （时间：30分钟）（仅供参考） 一、单词拼写 1．When Christian wanted to hug them, he ________ (knock) them down gently. 【答案】knocked 【详解】句意：当克里斯蒂安想拥抱他们的时候，他轻轻地将他们推倒。考查一般过去时的用法。题干中when引导的时间状语从句谓语动词wanted是过去式，说明动作发生在过去，主句动作也发生在过去，需要用一般过去时；动词knock是规则变化，过去式直接加ed，因此填knocked。 2．Jack often ________ (rush) to watch his rabbit first when he comes home from school. 【答案】rushes 【详解】句意：杰克经常在放学回家后第一时间赶去看他的兔子。根据句中的时间状语“often”可知，句子应是一般现在时，主语“Jack”是第三人称单数形式，故动词应用单三式rushes“赶紧做”。故填rushes。 3．________ (pardon) me, could you tell me the way to the station? 【答案】Pardon 【详解】句意：打扰一下，你能告诉我去车站的路吗？pardon me意为“打扰一下”，固定用语，且此句为祈使句，句首用动词原形，句首单词首字母需大写。 4．After discussion, we decided to work on the project ________ (separate) and then combine our ideas. 【答案】separately 【详解】句意：经过讨论，我们决定先分别开展项目，然后再整合我们的想法。separate“单独的，分开的”，修饰动词短语“work on”要用副词形式separately“分别地”。 5．The hero fought bravely against these ________ (enemy) to protect his people. 【答案】enemies 【详解】句意：这位英雄为了保护他的人民，勇敢地对抗这些敌人。 这道题考查名词复数的用法，指示代词these后面需要接可数名词的复数形式。enemy是以辅音字母 + y结尾的名词，变复数时要把y改为i，再加-es，所以它的复数形式是enemies。 6．The ________ (bore) movie made us leave. 【答案】boring 【详解】句意：这部无聊的电影让我们离开了。修饰名词movie，用形容词，描述事物，用bore的形容词形式boring“无聊的”。 7．The baby is ________ (asleep) in the bed. 【答案】asleep 【详解】句意：婴儿在床上睡着了。空处需填形容词作表语，描述婴儿的状态。提示词“asleep”本身为形容词，意为“睡着的”。固定结构be asleep表示“处于睡着的状态”。 8．It’s ________ (polite) to laugh at people who are born with disabilities (缺陷). We should try our best to help them instead. 【答案】impolite 【详解】句意：嘲笑天生有缺陷的人是不礼貌的。相反，我们应该尽最大努力去帮助他们。本句使用句型It’s+形容词+to do sth.，意为“做某事是……的”。根据后半句“我们应该尽力帮助他们”可知，嘲笑残疾人这件事是不礼貌的。polite意为“礼貌的”，需要加否定前缀im-，构成反义词impolite（不礼貌的）。故填impolite。 9．After the earthquake, people ________ (rebuild) the city with the help from all over the world. 【答案】rebuilt 【详解】句意：地震之后，人们在来自世界各地的帮助下重建了城市。时间状语“After the earthquake”表示过去的时间点，动作“重建”发生在过去，故用一般过去时；rebuild的过去式为不规则变化“rebuilt”。 10．After the earthquake, the local community organised to collect donations ________ to help the victims. (rapid) 【答案】rapidly 【详解】句意：地震发生后，当地社区组织迅速筹集捐款，以帮助受灾群众。rapid是形容词，此处使用其副词形式rapidly“迅速地”，修饰动词collect，表示“迅速筹集捐款”。 二、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。 wise    put on    rush    politely    speech In today’s global village, understanding cultural differences is important. For example, in some countries, it is considered 1 to speak loudly in public, while in others, it’s completely normal. When attending an international event, one should always 2 appropriate clothing to show respect. During a 3 , it’s  important to express ideas 4 to avoid misunderstandings. Sometimes, when someone 5 through a conversation, they may accidentally offend others. We can build stronger and more respectful connections with people around the world by learning about different cultures. 【答案】1．unwise 2．put on 3．speech 4．politely 5．rushes 【导语】本文主要讲述了在全球化背景下理解文化差异的重要性，并通过具体例子说明了在不同文化背景下言行举止的差异。 【详解】1．句意：例如，在一些国家，在公共场合大声说话被认为是不明智的，然而在另一些国家，这完全正常。此处需要一个形容词；固定句型“it is considered + 形容词”，根据后半句“while in others, it’s completely normal”表示转折对比，可知此处应填wise的反义词unwise，表示“不明智的”。所以填unwise。 2．句意：参加国际活动时，人们应该总是穿上合适的服装以示尊重。此处需要一个动词短语；情态动词should后接动词原形，put on意为“穿上”，符合语境中着装的要求，所以填put on。 3．句意：在演讲期间，礼貌地表达观点来避免误解很重要。此处需要一个名词；因为冠词a后接可数名词单数，speech意为“演讲”，符合语境，所以填speech。 4．句意：在演讲期间，礼貌地表达观点来避免误解很重要。此处需要一个副词；副词修饰动词express，politely意为“礼貌地”，符合避免误解的语境，所以填politely。 5． 句意：有时候，当有人在交谈中仓促行事，可能会无意中冒犯他人。此处需要一个动词，在句中表示“仓促行事”；主语someone是不定代词，全文描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，rush变形为rushes，所以填rushes。 三、单项选择 1．— Who taught ________ English last term?   — Nobody. She learned it by ________. A．her; her B．she; herself C．her; herself D．herself; her 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——上学期谁教她英语？——没人。她自学的。 her她（的），人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；she她，人称代词主格；herself她自己，反身代词。teach sb sth“教某人某事”，动词taught后用人称代词宾格her；learn by oneself表示“自学”，主语是She，第二空用反身代词herself。 2．Ella suggested Peter ________ Harry a text message first. A．send B．sends C．sending D．to send 【答案】A 【详解】句意：艾拉建议彼得先给哈里发送一条短信。 suggest后接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，结构为should+动词原形，should可以省略，所以此处用send。 3．________ difficult for the little plants ________ to the new pots at first. A．It’s; adapt B．It’s; to adapt C．That’s; adapt D．That’s; to adapt 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对于这些小植物来说，一开始适应新花盆很困难。 考查固定句型“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”（对某人来说做某事是……的）。该句型中，it作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to adapt to the new pots”。选项A和C缺少“to”，不符合句型结构；选项D用“That’s”开头，不能充当形式主语。故选B。 4．The little boy regretted ________ with his mother for breaking the cup. A．argue B．arguing C．to argue D．argued 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小男孩后悔因为打碎了杯子而和妈妈争吵。 regret doing sth.表示“后悔做过某事”，regret to do sth.表示“遗憾要做某事”。根据“breaking the cup”可知争吵已经发生，应用regret doing结构。 5．Mr. Wu ________ the students into 6 groups and made them ________ plenty of rubbish into different groups. A．separated; separate B．separated; divide C．divided; separate D．divided; divide 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吴老师把学生分成6组，并让他们把大量垃圾分成不同的组别。 考查动词辨析。separate分离，分开（将原本在一起的事物隔开）；divide划分，分割（将整体分成若干部分）。第一空指将学生划分成6组，强调整体分成部分，用divided；第二空指将垃圾分成不同类别，强调将混合的垃圾按类别分开，用separate。故选C。 6．We didn’t ________ Jerry, but we ________ a date to discuss about it. A．agree on; agreed to B．agreed with; agreed on C．agree with; agreed on D．agree with; agreed to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们不同意杰瑞的意见，但我们同意了一个讨论此事的日期。 考查动词短语。agree with sb.表示同意某人的意见；agree to sth.主要表示同意某一提议或建议，并愿意付诸实践或接受其作为决定的一部分。它涉及到对某个提议或计划的接受和承诺，通常包含了一种愿意采取行动或接受某种情况的意愿；agree on sth表示在某件事上达成一致意见。根据“We didn’t…Jerry, but we…a date to discuss about it.”可知第一空应填agree with，表示不同意杰瑞；第二空应填agreed on，表示同意了一个讨论此事的日期，强调的是双方或多方在某件事情上的共同看法或决定。故选C。 7．There ________ a chemical factory here, but now there is a park. A．use to be B．used to have C．was used be D．used to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这里过去曾有一家化工厂，但现在是一个公园。 used to表示过去、曾经，后接动词原形；There be表示存在。A项use形式错误；B项There与have冲突；C项was used结构错误；D项符合There used to be固定搭配，表示过去存在。 8．She prefers ________ volunteer work in the youth centre ________  at home on weekends. A．to do; rather than stay B．to do; rather than to stay C．to do; to staying D．doing; rather than to staying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她宁愿在青年中心做志愿者工作，也不愿周末待在家里。 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”；根据句意和结构，第一空填to do，第二空填rather than stay。 9．Susan wrote her first book ________. Her book ________ very popular all over the world ever since it came out. A．in 1860’s; was B．in 1860s; has been C．in the 1860s; has been D．in the 1860; was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：苏珊在1860年代写了她的第一本书。自那本书出版以来，它一直在全世界非常受欢迎。 考查年代表达和时态。在英语中，表示“在某个年代”，使用“in the + 年代 + s”的结构；又由“…ever since it came out.”可知，此处表示从过去某个时间点 (书出版时) 一直持续到现在的状态，强调动作或状态的延续性，需用现在完成时。故选C。 10．— ________ is knocking at the door. Go and see who it is.   — OK. A．Anyone B．Someone C．Everyone D．No one 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——有人在敲门。去看看是谁。——好的。 Anyone任何人；Someone某人；Everyone每个人；No one没有人。根据“is knocking at the door”和“Go and see who it is”可知，此处为肯定句，表示有“某人”在敲门，应用Someone。 四、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It is always important to have good relationships with your neighbors. You’ll never know when you may need their 1 . If they do something that makes you 2 , it is better to discuss it in a polite way than to have a quarrel (争吵). For example, if your neighbors are playing loud music that you do not like, ask them 3 to turn down the music instead of calling the police directly for help. Trees and fences (篱笆) can also be a reason that causes 4 between neighbors. My grandmother likes 5 outside in the sun after lunch. But her neighbor has put up a high fence that stops 6 from going into her yard in the early afternoon. My grandmother does not want to be 7 with him because he gave her a lot of help when my grandfather was ill last year. So she 8 at the neighbor and talked with him about her trouble. Then, her neighbor 9 the fence to give her some sunshine without losing his privacy (隐私). My grandmother 10 the tree that was above his garden. Finally, they reached an agreement which made both pleased. 1．A．help B．trust C．attention D．understanding 2．A．happy B．upset C．sick D．interested 3．A．quickly B．mostly C．early D．politely 4．A．peace B．pressure C．connection D．disagreement 5．A．running B．sitting C．dancing D．drinking 6．A．birds B．water C．rain D．sunshine 7．A．busy B．angry C．careful D．patient 8．A．smiled B．arrived C．laughed D．pointed 9．A．broke B．created C．painted D．repaired 10．A．turned down B．wrote down C．cut down D．took down 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了与邻居保持良好关系的重要性，并以祖母和邻居通过沟通解决阳光和隐私问题的故事为例。 【详解】1．句意：你永远不知道什么时候可能需要他们的帮助。     第一句提到“与邻居保持良好关系很重要”，后文说“你永远不知道什么时候可能需要他们的……”与“良好关系”呼应，应选help“帮助”。trust“信任”、attention“关注”、understanding“理解”虽然也与邻居有关，但结合“需要”的语境，“需要帮助”最直接。排除。 2．句意：如果他们做了让你不开心的事，最好礼貌地讨论，而不是争吵。 后文举例“邻居大声放音乐”是不好的事，会让人不开心，应选upset“不开心的”。happy“开心的”与“不好的事”矛盾，sick“生病的”、interested“感兴趣的”均不符合，排除。 3．句意：礼貌地请他们调低音量。   前文强调“礼貌地讨论而不是争吵”，应选politely“礼貌地”。quickly“快速地”、mostly“主要地”、early“早地”均不符合“礼貌沟通”的语境，排除。 4．句意：树和篱笆也可能成为引起邻居间分歧的原因。     后文祖母和邻居因篱笆和树产生问题，应选disagreement“分歧”。peace“和平”、pressure“压力”、connection“联系”均不符合“引起问题”的逻辑，排除。 5．句意：我祖母喜欢午饭后坐在外面晒太阳。     后文提到“阳光”和“院子”，说明祖母是坐着享受阳光，应选sitting“坐”。running“跑”、dancing“跳舞”、drinking“喝”均不符合“晒太阳”的安静动作，排除。 6．句意：但她的邻居建了高篱笆，阻止了阳光在下午早些时候照进她的院子。     前文提到祖母喜欢晒太阳，高篱笆挡住的是sunshine“阳光”。birds“鸟”、water“水”、rain“雨”均与“晒太阳”无关，排除。 7．句意：祖母不想和他生气，因为去年祖父生病时他给了她很多帮助。 邻居帮过忙，祖母因此不想angry“生气”。busy“忙碌的”、careful“小心的”、patient“耐心的”均不符合“不想破坏关系”的语境，排除。 8．句意：所以她朝邻居微笑，并和他谈了她的困扰。    她选择友好沟通，smiled“微笑”符合。arrived“到达”、laughed“大笑”、pointed“指向”均不如“微笑”体现友好态度，排除。 9．句意：然后她的邻居修复了篱笆，在不失去隐私的情况下给她一些阳光。   为了平衡阳光和隐私，邻居应调整篱笆，repaired“修复”符合。broke“打破”会失去隐私，created“创造”、painted“油漆”均不符合解决矛盾的动作，排除。 10．句意：祖母砍掉了那棵伸到他花园上方的树。     作为交换，祖母处理了树，cut down“砍掉”符合。turned down“调低”、wrote down“写下”、took down“取下”均不符合“处理树木”的动作，排除。 五、任务型阅读 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 As middle school students, we often face a lot of problems, especially in our relationships with classmates and friends. These problems can make us feel unhappy. Understanding the problems Many students feel nervous when they have to speak in front of the class. They worry about what others might think of them. Some students also have trouble making friends. They feel shy and don’t know how to start a conversation. Another common problem is disagreements with friends. Friends may have different opinions or interests, and these differences can cause arguments between friends. Sometimes, a small disagreement can turn into a big fight, and students may not know how to solve it. Finding help to solve problems When we face these problems, it’s important to find someone to talk to. Talking to a friend, a family member or a teacher can be very helpful. They can listen to our feelings and give us useful advice. For example, if you feel nervous about speaking in class, your teacher might tell you to practice in front of a mirror or join a speaking club. My best friend and I had a big fight over a misunderstanding. I felt so sad. I talked to my teacher. With her help, we made up and became close again. — Jack In a word, it’s normal to have these problems. But we don’t have to deal with these problems alone. By talking to others and getting their help, we can find ways to solve our problems and feel happier. 1．Why do many students feel nervous when speaking in front of the class? 2．What can cause arguments between friends? 3．If you ask 200 students who they will talk to when they meet problems, how many students will talk to their friends according to the pie chart (饼图)? 4．Who can middle school students talk to when they face relationship problems? 5．How did Jack feel after fighting with his best friend? 【答案】1．Because they worry about what others might think of them. 2．Different opinions or interests. 3．78 (students). 4．A friend, a family member or a teacher. 5．He felt so sad. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中学生在人际关系中常遇到的问题，并建议通过向他人倾诉来寻求帮助和解决问题。 【详解】1．根据第二段“They worry about what others might think of them.”可推知结论许多学生在全班面前讲话时感到紧张是因为他们担心别人的看法。 2．根据第三段“Friends may have different opinions or interests, and these differences can cause arguments between friends.”可推知结论不同的观点或兴趣会导致朋友之间的争吵。 3．根据饼图“Friends, 39%（朋友，39%）”可推知结论遇到问题时向朋友倾诉的学生占39%，200名学生中向朋友倾诉的人数为200×39%=78人。 4．根据第四段“Talking to a friend, a family member or a teacher can be very helpful.”可推知结论中学生在面临人际关系问题时可以向朋友、家人或老师倾诉。 5．根据第五段“I felt so sad.”可推知结论杰克在和好朋友吵架后感到很伤心。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $