精品解析：江苏无锡惠山金桥实验学校2026-2027学年九年级英语10月水平监测试卷

九年级英语10月水平监测试卷 考试时间：100分钟 满分：80分 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共50分） 一、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） 第一节 信息匹配（共8小题，每小题2分，共16分） A Read the descriptions and match them with the pictures. David ____1____ I love to learn through exploration. Visiting museums has always been one of my hobbies. If I could become a museum guide one day, I’m sure I would be able to give visitors the best-ever experiences! Alice ____2____ Actually, I haven’t decided what I want to do in the future. But I’m very interested in doing scientific research. I like finding truth through experiments. I’m excited to have a chance to talk with a scientist. Mike ____3____ It’s cool to share information from all over the world with the public. That’s why I want to be a news reporter. I’m looking forward to learning about the work of a news reporter in person this time. Lily ____4____ I really enjoy staying with little kids and playing games with them. I hope I can learn how to take good care of children and bring them fun. I’d love to be a preschool teacher in the future. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍四名学生各自的兴趣爱好与未来职业理想。 【1题详解】 David喜欢通过探索学习，爱好参观博物馆，梦想成为博物馆讲解员。D图是博物馆内讲解员给学生讲解展品的场景。 【2题详解】 Alice对科学研究感兴趣，喜欢通过实验探寻真相，希望有机会和科学家交流。A图是实验室里科学家带领学生做实验。 【3题详解】 Mike想成为新闻记者，希望亲身了解记者的工作。C图是新闻演播室、摄像机等新闻工作场景。 【4题详解】 Lily喜欢和小孩子相处，希望以后当幼儿园老师。B图是老师陪伴幼儿在户外玩耍。 B 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Life is full of choices and decisions. Here are some steps to help you make wise decisions. First, it’s better to make a decision quickly than avoid it for a month because you’re afraid of choosing. ____5____ Also, some choices usually have time limits (限制). So to keep our brains from getting too tired, we needn’t think about the cost of every single choice. Narrow down the list and try comparing only the best two or three. Next, think about the value and cost of each choice. ____6____ Or better yet, create a score card, on which you give out bigger point values to what you think is more important. This way you can tell if one huge advantage is more important than a group of little disadvantages. Then, stay calm and give yourself some space. You don’t want to delay (延迟) for weeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty (仓促的) decision, you may end up picking something you regret. ____7____ And it might take you a few days for major choices, like choosing your ideal high school. ____8____ Why? Because it’s good to get a fresh way of thinking from others who are not as worried as you. Consider their opinions even if they are not what you want to hear. You need to take different opinions into consideration so that you will make a wise decision. A. You’ll need at least one night to “sleep on it”. B. And you don’t have to make a decision alone. C. They are the best chances to show your personality. D. To do that, you can make a list of advantages and disadvantages. E. It’s very tiring to think things over but fail to decide in time. 【答案】5. E 6. D 7. A 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍做出明智决定的几个步骤，告诉我们如何科学、理性地做选择。 【5题详解】 根据前文“First, it’s better to make a decision quickly than avoid it for a month because you’re afraid of choosing.”以及后文“Also, some choices usually have time limits.”可知，此处应填入一句话承接前文观点，说明迟迟不做决定的弊端。选项E“It’s very tiring to think things over but fail to decide in time.”承接首句观点，和后文Also引出的理由逻辑连贯。 【6题详解】 根据本段主题句“Next, think about the value and cost of each choice.”以及后文“Or better yet, create a score card, on which you give out bigger point values to what you think is more important.”可知，此处需要介绍权衡利弊的一种做法。选项D“To do that,you can make a list of advantages and disadvantages.”引出列优缺点清单的方法，和后文制作评分卡是递进关系。 【7题详解】 根据前文“Then, stay calm and give yourself some space. You don’t want to delay for weeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty decision, you may end up picking something you regret.”以及后文“And it might take you a few days for major choices, like choosing your ideal high school.”可知，此处需表达做决定前留出思考时间。选项A“You’ll need at least one night to ‘sleep on it’.”承接上文，说明至少要一晚时间斟酌，和后文重大选择要花几天衔接紧密。 【8题详解】 根据后文“Why? Because it’s good to get a fresh way of thinking from others who are not as worried as you.”可知，此处应填入本段的主题句，引出下文听取他人想法的内容。选项B“And you don’t have to make a decision alone.”引出下文，后文解释听取他人意见的好处，逻辑通顺。 第二节 阅读下面短文，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。（本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分） A Hard water has higher amounts of Ca2+ and Mg2+, so it’s more difficult to get things clean when you are washing in hard water. We are sharing two ways to check whether you are using hard water at home. Method 1: Soap Test  Step 1: Choose a clear instead of a covered bottle so that you can notice the changes during the test.  Step 2: Fill half of the bottle with water.  Step 3: Add 10 drops of liquid (液体) soap to the bottle.  Step 4: Cap the bottle and shake it for a few seconds.  Step 5: Open the bottle and check the bubbles (泡沫) at the top of the water. This method will only give you an idea of whether the water you are using is hard or soft. You won’t be able to know the exact degree of hardness of the water. But the fewer the bubbles you can see, the harder the water is. Method 2: Hard Water Test Strips (试纸) Dip the strip into the water sample for 2 seconds and take it out right away. Hold the strip for 30 seconds. Compare the test strip color with the color chart on the bottle label. Although the result is not as dependable as the lab test, the color chart can tell you the water hardness based on the color. If you now know that the water that you are using is hard, you should consider taking action to change hard water into soft water. The most chosen way is to fix a hard water softener. You can check out the list of our best-selling water softeners for bathrooms and washing machines by clicking here. 9. How does the number of bubbles change with water hardness in the soap test? (x = the bubbles, y = how hard the water is) A. B. C. D. 10. What can show you the result when using hard water strips? A. The color of the water softener. B. The change of the water. C. The color on the strips. D. The amount of the bubbles. 11. What should you do if you find the water you are using is hard, according to the text? A. Boil the water before using it. B. Call the water company. C. Use soap to soften the water. D. Fix a hard water softener. 12. Where may the text be from? A. A book about science tests. B. A poster for selling hard water test strips. C. A study about hard water. D. A website for selling water softeners. 【答案】9. B 10. C 11. D 12. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肥皂测试、硬水试纸测试两种检测家庭用水是否为硬水的方法，说明了硬水的软化方式，并推广畅销的软水器产品。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。Method1部分最后一句“But the fewer bubbles you can see, the harder the water is.”表明在肥皂测试实验中，看到的泡沫越少，水的硬度越高，泡沫数量随水硬度升高而减少，对应B图。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。Method2部分第③句“Compare the test strip color with the color chart on the bottle label.”说明使用硬水测试试纸时，依靠试纸上呈现的颜色对照瓶身标签的比色卡来读取检测结果。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。最后一段第2句“The most chosen way is to fix a hard water softener.”表明如果检测发现使用的是硬水，最常用的处理办法是安装硬水软化器。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。文末最后一句“You can check out the list of our best-selling water softeners for bathrooms and washing machines by clicking here.”中“by clicking here”是网页特征，同时文章末尾引导查看在售软水器商品，由此表明该文本来自售卖硬水软化器的网站。 B “What’s on your mind, sweetheart?” I told Dad about the sycamore tree. About the view and the sounds and the colors and the wind, and how being up so high felt like flying. Felt like magic. I looked at him and whispered, “Would you climb up there with me? “He smiled and said,” I’m not much of a climber any more, Julianna, but I’ll give it a shot, sure.” I went to bed so excited that I don’t think I slept more than five minutes the whole night. The next morning, I raced to the bus stop extra early and climbed the tree. I caught the sun rising through the clouds, sending stripes of fire from one end of the world to the other. Then I heard a noise below. I looked down, and parked right below me were two trucks. There were four men standing around talking. and I almost called down to them, “I’m sorry, but you can’t park there... That’s a bus stop!”But before I could, one of the men reached into the back of a truck and started taking out tools. Gloves. Ropes. A chain. And then chain saws (电锯). Three chain saws. Then one of the kids who rides the bus showed up and started talking to them, and pretty soon he was pointing up at me. One of the men called, “Hey! You’d better come down from there. We gotta take this thing down.” I held on to the tree tightly, because suddenly it felt as if I might fall. I managed to cry out,“The tree?” “Yeah, now come down.” “But who told you to cut it down?” “The owner!” he called back. “But why?” “Because he’s gonna build himself a house, and this tree is in the way. Now come down, girl, we’ve got work to do!” By that time most of the kids had gathered for the bus. They weren’t saying anything to me, just looking up at me and turning from time to time to talk to each other. My heart was crazy with fear. I couldn’t leave and let them cut down the tree! I cried, “You can’t cut it down! You just can’t!” One of the men shook his head and said, “I am this close to calling the police. Now are you going to come down or are we going to cut you down?” The bus was three blocks away. I’d never missed school for any reason other than illness, but I knew in my heart that I was going to miss my ride. “You’re going to have to cut me down!” I yelled. Then I had an idea. They’d never cut it down if all of us were in the tree. “Hey, guys!” I called to my classmates.“Get up here with me! They can’t cut it down if we’re all up here! Marcia! Tony! Bryce! Come on, you guys, don’t let them do this!” They just stood there, staring up at me. I could see the bus, one block away. “Come on, you guys! You don’t have to come up this high. Just a little ways. Please!” The bus arrived. One by one, my classmates climbed on board. 13. Why did Julianna ask three questions in a row in Paragraphs7, 9and11? A. She didn’t know what happened at that time. B. She didn’t want the men to cut down the tree. C. She was curious and liked asking questions. D. She wondered what they’d possibly cut down. 14. Which of the following can best describe Julianna? A. Curious and easy-going. B. Patient and thoughtful C. Brave and strong-willed. D. Active and kind-hearted. 15. What can we infer from the passage? A. All of Julianna’s classmates would be absent from school. B. Julianna would remain in the tree alone to protect the tree. C. Julianna’s father would arrive soon and climb up the tree. D. Julianna would come down from the tree and get on the bus. 16. What is the best title for the passage? A. Holding On Alone B. A Promise to Dad C. The Sycamore D. Missing the Bus 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. B 16. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了女孩Julianna十分喜爱梧桐树，和父亲约定一同爬树，次日她爬树时遇到工人要砍伐梧桐树建造房屋，她不肯下树并号召同学一起护树，最终同学们都乘校车离开，她独自坚持守护梧桐树的故事。 【13题详解】 第7段“I held on to the tree tightly, because suddenly it felt as if I might fall. I managed to cry out,‘The tree?’”；第9段“But who told you to cut it down?”；第11段“But why?”，Julianna提出这三个问题，是想要弄清楚砍树的缘由，她不想让工人们砍伐这棵树。 【14题详解】 第13段最后两句“I couldn’t leave and let them cut down the tree! I cried, ‘You can’t cut it down! You just can’t!’ ”直接表明Julianna坚守在树上，勇敢阻止工人砍树，体现出她勇敢且意志坚定。 【15题详解】 最后一段“The bus arrived. One by one, my classmates climbed on board.”直接表明同学们陆续上车，可以推断Julianna不会跟着上车，会独自留在树上继续保护大树。 【16题详解】 全文故事围绕这棵梧桐树展开，梧桐树是贯穿整篇故事的核心线索，所有情节都围绕它发生，因此“The Sycamore”最适合作为文章标题。 C ①Imagine you are very hungry. You buy a whole pizza. The first slice tastes amazing. The second is still great. By the third, you start to feel full. The fourth? You might not even want it. This isn’t just about your stomach. It is a key economic(经济的) idea called the law of diminishing marginal utility. ②In economics, “utility” means the satisfaction you get from consuming something. Marginal utility is the extra satisfaction from one more unit. This law says that as you consume more of something, the extra satisfaction from each additional unit drops. ③This law explains many real-life decisions. Why do you stop after three slices of pizza or buy fewer of the same thing over time? Because the joy of more keeps getting smaller. ④Smart companies use this law to their own advantage by selling more at a low cost. That’s why cinemas sell popcorn in small, medium, and large sizes. The large size costs only a little more than the medium, but the extra popcorn gives you very little extra happiness. ▲ ⑤Another trick is bundling, selling different products together as a package. For example, a fast-food meal includes a burger, fries, and a drink. You may not really want the fries, but together, they feel satisfying and you think you are paying less for more. By bundling, the restaurant sells you things with lower marginal utility and still makes a profit (盈利) ⑥So whether it’s pizza, popcorn, or a deal that seems too good to turn down, just remember: the first bite is happiness, The rest is economics. 17. Which of the following shows the law of diminishing marginal utility? A. B. C. D. 18. Which of the following sentences can be put into ▲ ? A. Interestingly, lots of people prefer the small size popcorn. B. However, you still buy it because it feels like a good deal. C. In fact, you might feel quite sick if you eat too much of it. D. As a result, movie theaters sell less popcorn on weekends. 19. Which of the following ads best shows the use of “bundling” described in ⑤? A. B. C. D. 20. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To suggest the idea of getting the most happiness with the largest size. B. To find the best sales methods for businesses by comparing the prices. C. To explain an economic idea and how businesses make money with it D. To show why readers should stop themselves from eating much pizza. 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了经济学中的“边际效用递减规律”，并解释了商家如何利用这一规律设计销售策略。 【17题详解】 原文第②段提到“This law says that as you consume more of something, the extra satisfaction from each additional unit drops”，说明随着消费次数增加，额外满足感会逐渐下降。 【18题详解】 原文第④段提到“That’s why cinemas sell popcorn in small, medium, and large sizes. The large size costs only a little more than the medium, but the extra popcorn gives you very little extra happiness”，选项B“However, you still buy it because it feels like a good deal”能承接上文，说明消费者仍会购买的原因。 【19题详解】 原文第⑤段提到“Another trick is bundling, selling different products together as a package. For example, a fast-food meal includes a burger, fries, and a drink”，说明bundling是将不同产品打包销售。 【20题详解】 全文先通过披萨的例子引出“边际效用递减规律”，再解释该概念的定义，最后说明商家如何利用这一规律设计销售策略，因此文章的主要目的是解释这一经济理念及其商业应用。 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共10分） When things went wrong, Ittleby Fein always had something nice to say. When Dad forgot about the pizza and it burned, Ittleby said, “Don’t worry. It’ll still ____21____ good.” And he was right.The pizza edges (边缘) were dark, but the middle wasn’t bad. When Ittleby’s friend David got a low score on the spelling test, Ittleby said, “You’ll do ____22____ next time.” Sure enough, David did make progress the next week. Ittleby looked on the ____23____ side. And everyone liked that about him. Everyone, except Hazel. Hazel was the new student in class. On her first day, Ittleby said, “Nice to meet you, Hazel. I think you’ll like it here.” Hazel looked at him, “I ____24____ it.” Ittleby was surprised, for he’d never met anyone like her. One day, Mr. D. said they’d have recess (休息) inside because of the heavy rain. “Bad things come in ____25____,” said Hazel. “No outdoor recess is number one.” The class didn’t have to ____26____ long to find out. Greta was carrying a box of paints during art class. She fell over, and paints went flying. “That was the second bad thing. What will the third be?” Hazel seemed so ____27____ about the Rule of Three Bad Things. Then Emma came to look at Ittleby’s painting. “It’s beautiful.” She picked it up, not ____28____she had paint on her fingers. Hazel pointed, “Ittleby’s picture is messed up! There’s number three.” Instead of being ____29____, Ittleby said, “If I add wings, the fingerprints could look like butterflies.” Then he said, “Hey, everyone, dip a finger into the paint!” Everyone put a fingerprint on Ittleby’s paper. Only Hazel didn’t. “Want to add one?” Ittleby asked her. Hazel thought about it, and then she ____30____ added wings. “It looks great,” said Ittleby.Hazel smiled. Sometimes, there are good things hiding where you don’t expect them. 21. A. sound B. taste C. feel D. smell 22. A. earlier B. later C. better D. harder 23. A. bright B. right C. real D. opposite 24. A. doubt B. count C. expect D. know 25. A. ones B. twos C. threes D. fours 26. A. wait B. rest C. paint D. exercise 27. A. curious B. sure C. pleased D. crazy 28. A. minding B. regretting C. mentioning D. realizing 29. A. polite B. relaxed C. angry D. excited 30. A. suddenly B. carefully C. rapidly D. wisely 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乐观的Ittleby如何用积极态度影响悲观的新同学Hazel，最终让她发现生活中隐藏的美好的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：别担心，它尝起来仍然不错。 前文讲披萨烤糊了，谈论食物，对应的感官动词是品尝，应选taste“尝起来”。sound“听起来”，feel“摸起来”，smell“闻起来”，不符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：下次你会做得更好。 David这次拼写测试分数很低，Ittleby在鼓励他，希望他下次进步、做得更好，应选better“更好地”。earlier“更早”，later“更晚”，harder“更努力/更困难”，不符合鼓励的语境。 【23题详解】 句意：Ittleby总是看到事情光明的一面。 文章开头介绍事情不顺时，Ittleby总能说出暖心的话，说明他乐观，看事物积极光明的一面，应选bright“光明的”。right“正确的”，real“真实的”，opposite“相反的”，不符合。 【24题详解】 句意：Hazel看着他说：“我对此表示怀疑。” 后文提到Ittleby很惊讶，因为从没遇到这样的人，说明Hazel不认同Ittleby的说法，应选doubt“怀疑”。count“数”，expect“期待”，know“知道”，不符合两人对立的态度。 【25题详解】 句意：坏事总是接二连三地发生。 后文Hazel提到 “第一件坏事、第二件、第三件”，能看出她信奉坏事成三，应选threes。ones，twos，fours不符合下文“三件坏事”的线索。 【26题详解】 句意：同学们没过多久就得到了验证。 固定搭配didn’t have to wait long，表示不用等很久，坏事很快就发生了，应选wait “等待”。rest“休息”，paint“绘画”，exercise“锻炼”，不符合短语和句意。 【27题详解】 句意：Hazel似乎对“三件坏事法则”十分笃定。 Hazel一直在数坏事，坚信一定会发生第三件，应选sure“确信的”。curious“好奇的”，pleased“开心的”，crazy“疯狂的”，不符合她笃定预言坏事的状态。 【28题详解】 句意：她拿起画，没有意识到自己手指上有颜料。 Emma拿起画作的时候，没发现手上沾了颜料，才会把画弄脏，应选realizing“意识到”。minding“介意”，regretting“后悔”，mentioning“提到”，不符合场景。 【29题详解】 句意：Ittleby没有生气，反而说：“如果我加上翅膀，这些指纹看起来就像蝴蝶。” 画被弄脏，一般人会生气，但Ittleby想到创意改造，应选angry“生气的”。polite“礼貌的”，relaxed“放松的”，excited“兴奋的”，不符合转折逻辑。 【30题详解】 句意：Hazel想了想，然后她小心地添上翅膀。 Hazel思考之后动手在画上添加翅膀，动作应当小心谨慎，应选carefully “小心地”。suddenly“突然”，rapidly“快速地”，wisely“明智地”，不符合她慢慢尝试的动作。 第Ⅱ卷（主观题30分） 三、请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容从方框内选出适当的单词填入空白处。（每小题1分，共10分） 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容从方框内选出适当的单词填入空白处。 argue, pain, spirits, dialogue, go through, strangers, patience, unkind, normal, cut back on As teenagers step into adolescence (青春期), it is totally ____31____ for them to have growing disagreements with their parents. During this period, they will ____32____ a fast mental and emotional change and want to be seen as independent, respected people. When their needs for independence are not paid attention to,many teens may often ____33____ with their parents, turning small misunderstandings into big fights.In the heat of a quarrel, many parents also say ____34____ words without thinking, not realizing how deeply these words can hurt their children. This long-term tense (紧张的) environment will bring deep and lasting ____35____ to teens, who are not old enough to deal with such heavy emotional pressure.Trapped in this endless tension, many teens will be in low ____36____ for a long time, with their studies and daily lives badly affected. If this misunderstanding continues, even the closest family members may gradually become ____37____ to each other. To solve this problem, the first key step is to have an honest ____38____ with parents when both sides are calm and willing to listen. Bridging the generation gap is never easy, and it requires great ____39____ from both sides to understand each other’s true needs. At the same time, both teens and parents should ____40____ unnecessary blame and try to see things from each other’s points of view. 【答案】31. normal 32. go through 33. argue 34. unkind 35. pain 36. spirits 37. strangers 38. dialogue 39. patience 40. cut back on 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍青春期青少年容易和父母产生分歧矛盾，分析矛盾带来的负面影响，并给出化解代沟、改善亲子关系的解决办法。 【31题详解】 句意：当青少年步入青春期，他们和父母产生越来越多的分歧是完全正常的。分析句子结构可知，“it is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，空格处需要形容词。根据上下文，青少年青春期和父母有分歧这件事是很正常的，方框内normal意为“正常的”，符合语境。其余单词不符合句子结构与句意。 【32题详解】 句意：在这一阶段，他们将会经历快速的心理和情绪变化，希望被看作独立、被尊重的人。分析句子结构可知，will后接动词原形。根据空后“a fast mental and emotional change”，表达经历心理与情绪变化，方框内go through表示“经历”，符合语境。 【33题详解】 句意：当他们对独立的需求得不到重视，很多青少年可能经常和父母争吵，把小小的误解变成激烈的争执。分析句子结构可知，may后接动词原形。根据后文“turning small misunderstandings into big fights”把小误会变成争吵，可知此处表达和父母争执，固定搭配argue with sb.意为“和某人争吵”，应填argue。 【34题详解】 句意：争吵激烈的时候，很多父母也会不假思索说出刻薄的话，没有意识到这些话会深深伤害孩子。分析句子结构可知，空格修饰名词words，需要形容词。根据后文“how deeply these words can hurt their children”话语会伤害孩子，方框内unkind意为“不友善的、刻薄的”，unkind words表示“刻薄的话语”，符合语境。 【35题详解】 句意：这种长期紧张的环境会给青少年带来深刻且持久的痛苦，他们还不够成熟，无法处理如此沉重的情绪压力。分析句子结构可知，lasting是形容词，后面需要名词。根据语境，伤人的话语和紧张氛围会带来痛苦，方框内pain作名词表示“痛苦”，bring pain to sb.意为“给某人带来痛苦”，应填pain。 【36题详解】 句意：陷入这种无休止的紧张关系，很多青少年会长时间情绪低落，学习和日常生活受到严重影响。根据上文“This long-term tense environment will bring deep and lasting pain to teens”长期紧张的环境会给青少年带来持久的痛苦，由此可推断青少年会处于低落的情绪之中。分析句子结构可知，固定搭配be in low spirits表示“情绪低落、心情不好”，方框内spirits此处为名词，意为“情绪、心境”，符合语境。 【37题详解】 句意：如果这种误解持续下去，即使最亲近的家庭成员也会慢慢变成彼此的陌生人。分析句子结构可知，become后面接名词作表语。根据语境，矛盾长期持续，亲人之间会变得像陌生人，方框内strangers意为“陌生人”，应填strangers。 【38题详解】 句意：要解决这个问题，首要关键一步是在双方冷静且愿意倾听的时候，和父母进行坦诚的对话。分析句子结构可知，honest是形容词，后面需要名词。根据后文“when both sides are calm and willing to listen”双方愿意倾听，可知是对话沟通，方框内dialogue意为“对话”，have an honest dialogue表示“进行坦诚的对话”，应填dialogue。 【39题详解】 句意：消除代沟从来都不容易，它需要双方极大的耐心去理解彼此真实的需求。分析句子结构可知，great是形容词，后面需要名词。根据语境，跨越代沟、互相理解需要耐心，方框内patience意为“耐心”，是不可数名词，符合句意。 【40题详解】 句意：同时青少年和父母双方都应当减少不必要的指责，试着站在对方角度看待事情。分析句子结构可知，should后面接动词原形。结合后文“unnecessary blame”不必要的指责，表达减少指责，方框内cut back on意为“减少”，应填cut back on。 四、语法填空（每小题1分，共10分） Before air-conditioners (空调) were invented, southern China’s skywells played a key role in keeping ____41____ (people) homes cool. Could they do it again today? A skywell, or tian jing, is a typical part of traditional homes in southern and eastern China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, or yuan zi, it is ____42____ (smart) and less open to the outdoor environment. Skywells ____43____ (design) to cool buildings before air-conditioners appeared. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space ____44____ the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the wind blows in and moves down the walls to the lower floors and ____45____ (create) airflow by taking the place of warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves. Skywell buildings have a history of hundreds of years in China, ____46____ recently they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern buildings. Over the past twenty years, however, skywell buildings ____47____ (start) to become popular again. Yu Youhong, 55, has spent more than 30 years ____48____ (repair) skywell homes in Wuyuan of Jiangxi Province. One of the skywell homes repaired by Yu is in a small village. The 300-year-old house was bought by Edward Gawne, a man from the UK, and his Chinese wife in 2015. ____49____ couple turned the three-floor house into a 14-room hotel with the help of Yu. They kept the spaces around the skywells as they were before. They are open and with natural airflow. Gawne says that even without air-conditioners, people can rest around the skywell areas ____50____ (comfortable) in summer. Skywells will be more and more popular among younger generations. They match young people’s ideas about environmental protection. In short, skywells will be important again in our lives. 【答案】41. people’s 42. smarter 43. were designed 44. through 45. creates 46. but 47. have started 48. repairing 49. The 50. comfortably 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国南方传统建筑中的“天井”在没有空调的时代是如何保持室内凉爽的，以及现在天井建筑重新受到人们欢迎的情况。 【41题详解】 句意：在空调发明之前，中国南方的天井在保持人们的房屋凉爽方面发挥了关键作用。空后是名词homes，需要名词所有格表示所属关系，people的所有格为people’s，根据语境表达“人们的家”，应填people’s。 【42题详解】 句意：与中国北方的院子不同，它更精巧，且对室外环境的开放程度较低。分析句子结构可知，设空处与后面的比较级“less open”由and连接，作并列的表语，本空要用形容词比较级，smart的比较级是smarter，应填smarter。 【43题详解】 句意：在空调出现之前，天井被设计用来使建筑物降温。分析句子结构可知，主语Skywells与动词design之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语从句“before air-conditioners appeared”可知，动作发生在过去，应使用一般过去时的被动语态“were+过去分词”。主语为复数，be动词用were，design的过去分词是designed，应填were designed。 【44题详解】 句意：当风吹过天井房屋的上方时，它可以通过开口进入室内空间。分析语境可知，风是从开口处“穿过、通过”进入室内的，表示从空间内部穿过应用介词through，应填through。 【45题详解】 句意：因为室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽，风吹进来并沿着墙壁向下移动到较低的楼层，通过取代上升并离开的较暖的室内空气来产生气流。分析句子结构可知，设空处与前面的blows和moves由and连接，作并列谓语，时态和主谓一致应保持相同，动词create的第三人称单数形式为creates，应填creates。 【46题详解】 句意：天井建筑在中国有数百年的历史，但最近它们经常被喜欢现代建筑的人们所遗忘。分析语境可知，前半句说天井有数百年历史，后半句说最近常被遗忘，前后两句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，应用表示转折的并列连词but，应填but。 【47题详解】 句意：然而，在过去的二十年里，天井建筑已经开始再次变得受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，根据时间状语“Over the past twenty years”可知，句子应使用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”。主语skywell buildings为复数，助动词用have，start的过去分词为started，应填have started。 【48题详解】 句意：55岁的俞友鸿花了30多年的时间在江西省婺源县修复天井房屋。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，设空处应使用动名词形式，应填repairing。 【49题详解】 句意：在俞的帮助下，这对夫妇将这座三层楼的房子变成了一家拥有14个房间的酒店。分析语境可知，此处的couple特指上文提到的来自英国的Edward Gawne和他的中国妻子，表示特指应用定冠词the，且位于句首，首字母需大写，应填The。 【50题详解】 句意：Gawne说，即使没有空调，人们在夏天也可以在天井区域周围舒适地休息。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中修饰动词rest，应使用副词形式作状语，comfortable的副词形式为comfortably，应填comfortably。 五、阅读表达（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分；每题答案不超过6个单词） 51. What landscapes can you see in this picture?（答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 52. What makes water become water vapor? （答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 53. When will clouds and rain form? （答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 54. Which side of the mountain has less rain? （答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 55. Which side is better for plants to grow on? Why? （答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. Sea and mountain range. 52. The sun. 53. When vapor condenses. 54. The Leeward Side. 55. Windward Side. It has more rain. 【解析】 【导语】本文通过示意图完整呈现了地形雨的形成全过程，展示了海洋、山脉等相关地貌，说明了太阳加热使水分蒸发为水汽，水汽抬升后凝结形成云雨，且山脉迎风坡降雨充沛、背风坡降雨稀少的地形降水相关知识。 【51题详解】 根据图中可见的海洋、山脉等景观可知答案为“Sea and mountain range.”。 【52题详解】 根据图中标注的“sun heats up water and land”以及水受热蒸发变为水蒸气的原理可知是太阳把水和陆地变热了。故答案为“The sun.”。 【53题详解】 根据图中标注的“Water vapor condenses and forms clouds and rain”可知水蒸气变密了，云和雨就形成了。故答案为“When vapor condenses.”。 【54题详解】 根据图中标注的“Leeward Side Less to No Rain”可知背风侧少雨至无雨，故答案为“The Leeward Side.”。 【55题详解】 根据图中标注的“Windward Side Most rain falls in this area”可知迎风坡区域降雨量最大。故答案为“Windward Side. It has more rain.”。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 九年级英语10月水平监测试卷 考试时间：100分钟 满分：80分 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共50分） 一、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） 第一节 信息匹配（共8小题，每小题2分，共16分） A Read the descriptions and match them with the pictures. David ____1____ I love to learn through exploration. Visiting museums has always been one of my hobbies. If I could become a museum guide one day, I’m sure I would be able to give visitors the best-ever experiences! Alice ____2____ Actually, I haven’t decided what I want to do in the future. But I’m very interested in doing scientific research. I like finding truth through experiments. I’m excited to have a chance to talk with a scientist. Mike ____3____ It’s cool to share information from all over the world with the public. That’s why I want to be a news reporter. I’m looking forward to learning about the work of a news reporter in person this time. Lily ____4____ I really enjoy staying with little kids and playing games with them. I hope I can learn how to take good care of children and bring them fun. I’d love to be a preschool teacher in the future. B 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Life is full of choices and decisions. Here are some steps to help you make wise decisions. First, it’s better to make a decision quickly than avoid it for a month because you’re afraid of choosing. ____5____ Also, some choices usually have time limits (限制). So to keep our brains from getting too tired, we needn’t think about the cost of every single choice. Narrow down the list and try comparing only the best two or three. Next, think about the value and cost of each choice. ____6____ Or better yet, create a score card, on which you give out bigger point values to what you think is more important. This way you can tell if one huge advantage is more important than a group of little disadvantages. Then, stay calm and give yourself some space. You don’t want to delay (延迟) for weeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty (仓促的) decision, you may end up picking something you regret. ____7____ And it might take you a few days for major choices, like choosing your ideal high school. ____8____ Why? Because it’s good to get a fresh way of thinking from others who are not as worried as you. Consider their opinions even if they are not what you want to hear. You need to take different opinions into consideration so that you will make a wise decision. A. You’ll need at least one night to “sleep on it”. B. And you don’t have to make a decision alone. C. They are the best chances to show your personality. D. To do that, you can make a list of advantages and disadvantages. E. It’s very tiring to think things over but fail to decide in time. 第二节 阅读下面短文，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。（本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分） A Hard water has higher amounts of Ca2+ and Mg2+, so it’s more difficult to get things clean when you are washing in hard water. We are sharing two ways to check whether you are using hard water at home. Method 1: Soap Test  Step 1: Choose a clear instead of a covered bottle so that you can notice the changes during the test.  Step 2: Fill half of the bottle with water.  Step 3: Add 10 drops of liquid (液体) soap to the bottle.  Step 4: Cap the bottle and shake it for a few seconds.  Step 5: Open the bottle and check the bubbles (泡沫) at the top of the water. This method will only give you an idea of whether the water you are using is hard or soft. You won’t be able to know the exact degree of hardness of the water. But the fewer the bubbles you can see, the harder the water is. Method 2: Hard Water Test Strips (试纸) Dip the strip into the water sample for 2 seconds and take it out right away. Hold the strip for 30 seconds. Compare the test strip color with the color chart on the bottle label. Although the result is not as dependable as the lab test, the color chart can tell you the water hardness based on the color. If you now know that the water that you are using is hard, you should consider taking action to change hard water into soft water. The most chosen way is to fix a hard water softener. You can check out the list of our best-selling water softeners for bathrooms and washing machines by clicking here. 9. How does the number of bubbles change with water hardness in the soap test? (x = the bubbles, y = how hard the water is) A. B. C. D. 10. What can show you the result when using hard water strips? A. The color of the water softener. B. The change of the water. C. The color on the strips. D. The amount of the bubbles. 11. What should you do if you find the water you are using is hard, according to the text? A. Boil the water before using it. B. Call the water company. C. Use soap to soften the water. D. Fix a hard water softener. 12. Where may the text be from? A. A book about science tests. B. A poster for selling hard water test strips. C. A study about hard water. D. A website for selling water softeners. B “What’s on your mind, sweetheart?” I told Dad about the sycamore tree. About the view and the sounds and the colors and the wind, and how being up so high felt like flying. Felt like magic. I looked at him and whispered, “Would you climb up there with me? “He smiled and said,” I’m not much of a climber any more, Julianna, but I’ll give it a shot, sure.” I went to bed so excited that I don’t think I slept more than five minutes the whole night. The next morning, I raced to the bus stop extra early and climbed the tree. I caught the sun rising through the clouds, sending stripes of fire from one end of the world to the other. Then I heard a noise below. I looked down, and parked right below me were two trucks. There were four men standing around talking. and I almost called down to them, “I’m sorry, but you can’t park there... That’s a bus stop!”But before I could, one of the men reached into the back of a truck and started taking out tools. Gloves. Ropes. A chain. And then chain saws (电锯). Three chain saws. Then one of the kids who rides the bus showed up and started talking to them, and pretty soon he was pointing up at me. One of the men called, “Hey! You’d better come down from there. We gotta take this thing down.” I held on to the tree tightly, because suddenly it felt as if I might fall. I managed to cry out,“The tree?” “Yeah, now come down.” “But who told you to cut it down?” “The owner!” he called back. “But why?” “Because he’s gonna build himself a house, and this tree is in the way. Now come down, girl, we’ve got work to do!” By that time most of the kids had gathered for the bus. They weren’t saying anything to me, just looking up at me and turning from time to time to talk to each other. My heart was crazy with fear. I couldn’t leave and let them cut down the tree! I cried, “You can’t cut it down! You just can’t!” One of the men shook his head and said, “I am this close to calling the police. Now are you going to come down or are we going to cut you down?” The bus was three blocks away. I’d never missed school for any reason other than illness, but I knew in my heart that I was going to miss my ride. “You’re going to have to cut me down!” I yelled. Then I had an idea. They’d never cut it down if all of us were in the tree. “Hey, guys!” I called to my classmates.“Get up here with me! They can’t cut it down if we’re all up here! Marcia! Tony! Bryce! Come on, you guys, don’t let them do this!” They just stood there, staring up at me. I could see the bus, one block away. “Come on, you guys! You don’t have to come up this high. Just a little ways. Please!” The bus arrived. One by one, my classmates climbed on board. 13. Why did Julianna ask three questions in a row in Paragraphs7, 9and11? A. She didn’t know what happened at that time. B. She didn’t want the men to cut down the tree. C. She was curious and liked asking questions. D. She wondered what they’d possibly cut down. 14. Which of the following can best describe Julianna? A. Curious and easy-going. B. Patient and thoughtful C. Brave and strong-willed. D. Active and kind-hearted. 15. What can we infer from the passage? A. All of Julianna’s classmates would be absent from school. B. Julianna would remain in the tree alone to protect the tree. C. Julianna’s father would arrive soon and climb up the tree. D. Julianna would come down from the tree and get on the bus. 16. What is the best title for the passage? A. Holding On Alone B. A Promise to Dad C. The Sycamore D. Missing the Bus C ①Imagine you are very hungry. You buy a whole pizza. The first slice tastes amazing. The second is still great. By the third, you start to feel full. The fourth? You might not even want it. This isn’t just about your stomach. It is a key economic(经济的) idea called the law of diminishing marginal utility. ②In economics, “utility” means the satisfaction you get from consuming something. Marginal utility is the extra satisfaction from one more unit. This law says that as you consume more of something, the extra satisfaction from each additional unit drops. ③This law explains many real-life decisions. Why do you stop after three slices of pizza or buy fewer of the same thing over time? Because the joy of more keeps getting smaller. ④Smart companies use this law to their own advantage by selling more at a low cost. That’s why cinemas sell popcorn in small, medium, and large sizes. The large size costs only a little more than the medium, but the extra popcorn gives you very little extra happiness. ▲ ⑤Another trick is bundling, selling different products together as a package. For example, a fast-food meal includes a burger, fries, and a drink. You may not really want the fries, but together, they feel satisfying and you think you are paying less for more. By bundling, the restaurant sells you things with lower marginal utility and still makes a profit (盈利) ⑥So whether it’s pizza, popcorn, or a deal that seems too good to turn down, just remember: the first bite is happiness, The rest is economics. 17. Which of the following shows the law of diminishing marginal utility? A. B. C. D. 18. Which of the following sentences can be put into ▲ ? A. Interestingly, lots of people prefer the small size popcorn. B. However, you still buy it because it feels like a good deal. C. In fact, you might feel quite sick if you eat too much of it. D. As a result, movie theaters sell less popcorn on weekends. 19. Which of the following ads best shows the use of “bundling” described in ⑤? A. B. C. D. 20. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To suggest the idea of getting the most happiness with the largest size. B. To find the best sales methods for businesses by comparing the prices. C. To explain an economic idea and how businesses make money with it D. To show why readers should stop themselves from eating much pizza. 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共10分） When things went wrong, Ittleby Fein always had something nice to say. When Dad forgot about the pizza and it burned, Ittleby said, “Don’t worry. It’ll still ____21____ good.” And he was right.The pizza edges (边缘) were dark, but the middle wasn’t bad. When Ittleby’s friend David got a low score on the spelling test, Ittleby said, “You’ll do ____22____ next time.” Sure enough, David did make progress the next week. Ittleby looked on the ____23____ side. And everyone liked that about him. Everyone, except Hazel. Hazel was the new student in class. On her first day, Ittleby said, “Nice to meet you, Hazel. I think you’ll like it here.” Hazel looked at him, “I ____24____ it.” Ittleby was surprised, for he’d never met anyone like her. One day, Mr. D. said they’d have recess (休息) inside because of the heavy rain. “Bad things come in ____25____,” said Hazel. “No outdoor recess is number one.” The class didn’t have to ____26____ long to find out. Greta was carrying a box of paints during art class. She fell over, and paints went flying. “That was the second bad thing. What will the third be?” Hazel seemed so ____27____ about the Rule of Three Bad Things. Then Emma came to look at Ittleby’s painting. “It’s beautiful.” She picked it up, not ____28____she had paint on her fingers. Hazel pointed, “Ittleby’s picture is messed up! There’s number three.” Instead of being ____29____, Ittleby said, “If I add wings, the fingerprints could look like butterflies.” Then he said, “Hey, everyone, dip a finger into the paint!” Everyone put a fingerprint on Ittleby’s paper. Only Hazel didn’t. “Want to add one?” Ittleby asked her. Hazel thought about it, and then she ____30____ added wings. “It looks great,” said Ittleby.Hazel smiled. Sometimes, there are good things hiding where you don’t expect them. 21. A. sound B. taste C. feel D. smell 22. A. earlier B. later C. better D. harder 23. A. bright B. right C. real D. opposite 24. A. doubt B. count C. expect D. know 25. A. ones B. twos C. threes D. fours 26. A. wait B. rest C. paint D. exercise 27. A. curious B. sure C. pleased D. crazy 28. A. minding B. regretting C. mentioning D. realizing 29. A. polite B. relaxed C. angry D. excited 30. A. suddenly B. carefully C. rapidly D. wisely 第Ⅱ卷（主观题30分） 三、请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容从方框内选出适当的单词填入空白处。（每小题1分，共10分） 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容从方框内选出适当的单词填入空白处。 argue, pain, spirits, dialogue, go through, strangers, patience, unkind, normal, cut back on As teenagers step into adolescence (青春期), it is totally ____31____ for them to have growing disagreements with their parents. During this period, they will ____32____ a fast mental and emotional change and want to be seen as independent, respected people. When their needs for independence are not paid attention to,many teens may often ____33____ with their parents, turning small misunderstandings into big fights.In the heat of a quarrel, many parents also say ____34____ words without thinking, not realizing how deeply these words can hurt their children. This long-term tense (紧张的) environment will bring deep and lasting ____35____ to teens, who are not old enough to deal with such heavy emotional pressure.Trapped in this endless tension, many teens will be in low ____36____ for a long time, with their studies and daily lives badly affected. If this misunderstanding continues, even the closest family members may gradually become ____37____ to each other. To solve this problem, the first key step is to have an honest ____38____ with parents when both sides are calm and willing to listen. Bridging the generation gap is never easy, and it requires great ____39____ from both sides to understand each other’s true needs. At the same time, both teens and parents should ____40____ unnecessary blame and try to see things from each other’s points of view. 四、语法填空（每小题1分，共10分） Before air-conditioners (空调) were invented, southern China’s skywells played a key role in keeping ____41____ (people) homes cool. Could they do it again today? A skywell, or tian jing, is a typical part of traditional homes in southern and eastern China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, or yuan zi, it is ____42____ (smart) and less open to the outdoor environment. Skywells ____43____ (design) to cool buildings before air-conditioners appeared. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space ____44____ the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the wind blows in and moves down the walls to the lower floors and ____45____ (create) airflow by taking the place of warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves. Skywell buildings have a history of hundreds of years in China, ____46____ recently they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern buildings. Over the past twenty years, however, skywell buildings ____47____ (start) to become popular again. Yu Youhong, 55, has spent more than 30 years ____48____ (repair) skywell homes in Wuyuan of Jiangxi Province. One of the skywell homes repaired by Yu is in a small village. The 300-year-old house was bought by Edward Gawne, a man from the UK, and his Chinese wife in 2015. ____49____ couple turned the three-floor house into a 14-room hotel with the help of Yu. They kept the spaces around the skywells as they were before. They are open and with natural airflow. Gawne says that even without air-conditioners, people can rest around the skywell areas ____50____ (comfortable) in summer. Skywells will be more and more popular among younger generations. They match young people’s ideas about environmental protection. In short, skywells will be important again in our lives. 五、阅读表达（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分；每题答案不超过6个单词） 51. What landscapes can you see in this picture?（答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 52. What makes water become water vapor? （答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 53. When will clouds and rain form? （答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 54. Which side of the mountain has less rain? （答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 55. Which side is better for plants to grow on? Why? （答案不超过6个单词） _____________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $