翻译冲刺练1-3 -2027届上海市高考英语一轮复习专项

翻译冲刺练3 Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 他因在科学研究中的杰出贡献而受到表彰。(contribute) 2. 按照传统观念，年轻人应该尊重长辈的意见。(conventional) 3. 诚实是人与人之间信任的核心。(core) 4. 面对不合理的请求，她礼貌但坚定地进行了反驳。(counter) 5. 这位工匠花了三个月时间精心制作了这把椅子。(craft) 6. 团队的成功应归功于每一位成员的努力。(credit) 7. 金融危机期间，许多小企业被迫关闭。(crisis) 8. 判断一部电影好坏的标准因人而异。(criterion) 9. 实验结果表明，这种新方法比传统方法更有效。(demonstrate) 10. 他否认了所有指控，并坚称自己是无辜的。(denial) 翻译冲刺练3 答案与解析 【答案】 1. He was praised for his outstanding contribution to scientific research. 2. According to conventional ideas, young people should respect the opinions of their elders. 3. Honesty is at the core of trust between people. 4. Faced with an unreasonable request, she countered it politely but firmly. 5. The craftsman spent three months carefully crafting this chair. 6. The success of the team should be credited to the efforts of every member. 7. During the financial crisis, many small businesses were forced to close down. 8. The criteria for judging whether a film is good vary from person to person. 9. The experiment results demonstrate that this new method is more effective than the traditional one. 10. He denied all the charges and insisted on his innocence. 【解析】 【导语】本题考查contribute的名词形式、conventional的形容词、core的固定搭配、counter的动词用法、craft的名词与动词、credit的被动搭配、crisis的复数语境、criterion的复数、demonstrate的宾语从句、denial与deny的转换等。 【1题详解】 考查contribute的名词形式contribution与be praised for。contribute的名词为contribution，常用搭配one’s contribution to...；be praised for表示“因……受到表彰”。outstanding作定语修饰contribution。故翻译为He was praised for his outstanding contribution to scientific research. 【2题详解】 考查conventional的形容词与according to。conventional表示“传统的、常规的”，conventional ideas表示“传统观念”；according to作状语；should respect表示“应该尊重”。the opinions of their elders中of短语作定语。故翻译为According to conventional ideas, young people should respect the opinions of their elders. 【3题详解】 考查core的固定搭配at the core of。core表示“核心”，at the core of表示“在……的核心”；honesty作主语；between people作后置定语修饰trust。系动词is连接表语。故翻译为Honesty is at the core of trust between people. 【4题详解】 考查counter的动词用法与分词作状语。counter作动词表示“反驳、对抗”；Faced with an unreasonable request为过去分词短语作状语；politely but firmly为副词并列修饰countered。故翻译为Faced with an unreasonable request, she countered it politely but firmly. 【5题详解】 考查craft的名词与动词用法。craft作名词表示“工匠”时实际为craftsman，作动词表示“精心制作”；spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”；carefully为副词修饰crafting。故翻译为The craftsman spent three months carefully crafting this chair. 【6题详解】 考查credit的固定搭配be credited to。credit...to...表示“把……归功于”，此处用被动be credited to；the efforts of every member表示“每位成员的努力”。should表示“应该”。故翻译为The success of the team should be credited to the efforts of every member. 【7题详解】 考查crisis的语境与be forced to。crisis表示“危机”，financial crisis表示“金融危机”；be forced to close down表示“被迫关闭”，用被动语态。During...作时间状语。故翻译为During the financial crisis, many small businesses were forced to close down. 【8题详解】 考查criterion的复数criteria与whether宾语从句。criterion的复数为criteria；for judging whether a film is good作后置定语，whether引导宾语从句；vary from person to person表示“因人而异”。故翻译为The criteria for judging whether a film is good vary from person to person. 【9题详解】 考查demonstrate后接宾语从句与比较级。demonstrate表示“表明、证明”，后接that引导的宾语从句；more effective than the traditional one为比较级结构，one替代method。The experiment results作主语。故翻译为The experiment results demonstrate that this new method is more effective than the traditional one. 【10题详解】 考查denial的名词与deny的转换及insist on。denial为deny的名词形式，deny all the charges表示“否认所有指控”；insist on his innocence表示“坚称自己无辜”。and连接两个并列谓语。故翻译为He denied all the charges and insisted on his innocence. 第 页 / 共 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 翻译冲刺练2 Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 他声称自己与这起事故无关，但证据并不支持他。(claim) 2. 良好的课堂氛围有助于学生更积极地参与讨论。(climate) 3. 那座旧桥在暴风雨中倒塌了，所幸无人受伤。(collapse) 4. 狗是人类忠实的伙伴，这一点早已得到公认。(companion) 5. 她完全能胜任这份工作，只是需要更多时间适应。(competent) 6. 这篇作文结构清晰，但语言表达还有待提高。(composition) 7. 上课时集中注意力比课后花大量时间补课更有效。(concentration) 8. 只有在良好的条件下，这些种子才会发芽。(condition) 9. 保护水资源是每个人的责任，而不只是政府的任务。(conservation) 10. 他拒绝帮忙时语气很委婉，但态度很明确。(considerate) 翻译冲刺练2 答案与解析 【答案】 1. He claimed that he had nothing to do with the accident, but the evidence did not support him. 2. A good classroom climate helps students participate more actively in discussions. 3. The old bridge collapsed in the storm, and fortunately no one was injured. 4. It has long been recognized that dogs are faithful companions of humans. 5. She is fully competent for this job; she just needs more time to adapt. 6. This composition has a clear structure, but its language still needs improving. 7. Concentration in class is more effective than spending a lot of time making up lessons after class. 8. Only under good conditions will these seeds germinate. 9. Water conservation is everyone’s responsibility, not just the government’s task. 10. He refused to help in a considerate tone, but his attitude was clear. 【解析】 【导语】本题考查claim的宾语从句、climate的引申义、collapse的时态、companion的复数、be competent for、composition的评价表达、concentration的名词搭配、only+介词短语的部分倒装、conservation的词性、considerate的形容词用法等。 【1题详解】 考查claim后接宾语从句与have nothing to do with。claim表示“声称”，后接that引导的宾语从句；had nothing to do with表示“与……无关”，用过去完成时体现先于did not support。but连接转折。故翻译为He claimed that he had nothing to do with the accident, but the evidence did not support him. 【2题详解】 考查climate的引申义与help sb. do sth.。climate在此不指“气候”，而指“氛围、风气”，a good classroom climate作主语；help students participate表示“帮助学生参与”，participate后接in discussions。more actively为副词比较级。故翻译为A good classroom climate helps students participate more actively in discussions. 【3题详解】 考查collapse的过去式与并列句。collapse表示“倒塌”，此处用一般过去时collapsed；and fortunately连接并列句；no one was injured为被动语态。in the storm作时间状语。故翻译为The old bridge collapsed in the storm, and fortunately no one was injured. 【4题详解】 考查It has long been recognized that句型与companion复数。It作形式主语，that从句为真正主语；has long been recognized为现在完成时被动；companions用复数表示“伙伴们”。faithful作定语。故翻译为It has long been recognized that dogs are faithful companions of humans. 【5题详解】 考查be competent for与分号连接。be competent for表示“胜任”，fully为副词修饰competent；she just needs more time to adapt中to adapt作目的状语。分号连接两个独立分句，形成解释关系。故翻译为She is fully competent for this job; she just needs more time to adapt. 【6题详解】 考查composition的主语与needs improving。composition表示“作文”，作主语；has a clear structure表示“结构清晰”；needs improving中improving为动名词主动表被动。but连接转折。故翻译为This composition has a clear structure, but its language still needs improving. 【7题详解】 考查concentration的名词搭配与比较结构。concentration in class表示“课上集中注意力”，作主语；is more effective than为比较级；spending a lot of time making up lessons为动名词短语，making up lessons表示“补课”。故翻译为Concentration in class is more effective than spending a lot of time making up lessons after class. 【8题详解】 考查only+介词短语置于句首的部分倒装。Only under good conditions置于句首，主句用部分倒装will these seeds germinate；germinate表示“发芽”。under good conditions为介词短语作条件状语。故翻译为Only under good conditions will these seeds germinate. 【9题详解】 考查conservation的词性与not just。conservation表示“保护、节约”，water conservation作主语；everyone’s responsibility表示“每个人的责任”；not just the government’s task中just表示“只是”。故翻译为Water conservation is everyone’s responsibility, not just the government’s task. 【10题详解】 考查considerate的形容词用法与in a...tone。considerate表示“体贴的、考虑周到的”，in a considerate tone表示“用委婉的语气”；refused to help为不定式作宾语；but连接转折，attitude was clear表示“态度明确”。故翻译为He refused to help in a considerate tone, but his attitude was clear. 第 页 / 共 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 翻译冲刺练1 Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 他简要地向我们介绍了情况，然后就去忙别的事了。(brief) 2. 这场演出将通过电视向全国直播，预计会吸引数百万观众。(broadcast) 3. 这个大厅的容纳能力有限，所以请提前预约。(capacity) 4. 他看似随意的一句话，其实经过了深思熟虑。(casual) 5. 如果不及时处理，这个错误可能会带来严重后果。(catch) 6. 耐心是这位老师最显著的特点之一。(characteristic) 7. 这家酒店对额外服务另外收费，但事先会明确告知客人。(charge) 8. 出发前请检查一下是否带齐了所有证件。(check) 9. 面对两种方案，他最终选择了风险较小的那一个。(choose) 10. 只有当你真正理解规则，才能灵活地运用它们。(only when) 翻译冲刺练1 答案与解析 【答案】 1. He briefly introduced the situation to us and then went on to deal with other things. 2. The performance will be broadcast live on TV across the country and is expected to attract millions of viewers. 3. The capacity of this hall is limited, so please make a reservation in advance. 4. His seemingly casual remark was actually the result of careful consideration. 5. If not dealt with in time, this mistake may catch up with you and lead to serious consequences. 6. Patience is one of the most characteristic features of this teacher. 7. The hotel charges extra for additional services, but it will inform guests clearly in advance. 8. Please check whether you have brought all your documents before setting off. 9. Faced with two plans, he finally chose the one with less risk. 10. Only when you truly understand the rules can you apply them flexibly. 【解析】 【导语】本题考查副词用法、被动语态、名词搭配、形容词活用、条件状语从句、固定搭配、动词及物用法、宾语从句、非谓语作状语、only when部分倒装等，重点训练考纲词汇在真实语境中的准确使用。 【1题详解】 考查brief的副词形式与连贯动作。brief作动词表示“向……简要介绍”，此处用副词briefly修饰introduced；and then连接两个先后动作。go on to do表示“接着做另一件事”。故翻译为He briefly introduced the situation to us and then went on to deal with other things. 【2题详解】 考查broadcast的被动语态与be expected to。broadcast的过去分词仍为broadcast，此处用将来时被动will be broadcast live；be expected to attract表示“预计会吸引”。across the country作地点状语。故翻译为The performance will be broadcast live on TV across the country and is expected to attract millions of viewers. 【3题详解】 考查capacity的名词搭配与祈使句。capacity表示“容纳能力”，the capacity of this hall作主语；make a reservation表示“预约”。so连接因果，后半句用祈使句。故翻译为The capacity of this hall is limited, so please make a reservation in advance. 【4题详解】 考查casual的形容词用法与seemingly。casual表示“随意的”，seemingly casual remark表示“看似随意的话”；the result of careful consideration表示“深思熟虑的结果”。was actually形成转折。故翻译为His seemingly casual remark was actually the result of careful consideration. 【5题详解】 考查catch up with与条件状语从句的省略。catch up with在此引申为“带来后果/找上门来”；If not dealt with in time是If it is not dealt with in time的省略，过去分词dealt表被动。lead to serious consequences表示“导致严重后果”。故翻译为If not dealt with in time, this mistake may catch up with you and lead to serious consequences. 【6题详解】 考查characteristic的形容词与名词用法。characteristic作形容词表示“典型的、特有的”，作名词表示“特点”；one of the most characteristic features表示“最显著的特点之一”。of this teacher作定语。故翻译为Patience is one of the most characteristic features of this teacher. 【7题详解】 考查charge的动词用法与转折结构。charge extra for表示“对……另外收费”；but连接转折；inform guests clearly in advance表示“事先明确告知客人”。will inform用一般将来时。故翻译为The hotel charges extra for additional services, but it will inform guests clearly in advance. 【8题详解】 考查check的宾语从句与before doing。check whether...表示“检查是否……”；have brought为现在完成时，强调出发前已完成；before setting off中setting off为动名词作介词宾语。故翻译为Please check whether you have brought all your documents before setting off. 【9题详解】 考查choose的过去式与分词作状语。Faced with two plans为过去分词短语作状语；finally chose为一般过去时；the one with less risk中with短语作后置定语。choose的过去式为chose。故翻译为Faced with two plans, he finally chose the one with less risk. 【10题详解】 考查only when引导状语从句置于句首的部分倒装。only when you truly understand the rules置于句首，主句用部分倒装can you apply；apply them flexibly表示“灵活运用它们”。flexibly为副词修饰apply。故翻译为Only when you truly understand the rules can you apply them flexibly. 第 1 页 / 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $