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小学六年级英语上册Unit1-6语法整理+拔高专项练习(含答案)
2026—2027学年 · 北师大版(三起)英语六年级上册 · 分单元语法整理与拔高专项练习
这份资料把六年级上册六个单元的语法要点按单元整理在一起,每个单元先讲清楚语法怎么用,再点出容易出错的地方,最后配一组拔高练习。语法是读句子、写作文的地基,建议按单元顺序使用:学完一个单元做一组练习,做完对照文末的答案订正,把错因写在一旁;期末复习时把语法部分通读一遍,错题重做,掌握会更牢。
第一部分 Unit 1 Growing(成长)
语法整理
比较级用来比较两个人或事物,形容词要用比较级,标志词是 than。单音节形容词一般在词尾加 er,本单元高频的有 tall—taller、short—shorter、strong—stronger、young—younger、old—older。如 You are taller and stronger than before.(你比以前更高、更强壮了。)
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态,句中常有 last year、yesterday 这类时间。本单元 grow 的过去式是 grew,如 I grew taller last year.(我去年长高了。)
by 是介词,后接动词的 ing 形式,表示通过做某事达到某种效果,如 I keep healthy by doing exercise.(我通过做运动保持健康。)
易错点点拨
grow 表示成长,拼写别和 green(绿色)混在一起;比较级后面常跟 than,比较的对象要前后一致;句中出现 last year 这类过去时间时,动词必须用过去式,不能用原形,这是本单元最容易丢分的地方。
拔高专项练习
一、单项选择。
1. You are ______ and stronger than before.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest
2. I ______ taller last year.
A. grow B. grows C. grew
3. She ______ her tomatoes every day.
A. waters B. water C. watered
4. We keep healthy by ______ exercise.
A. do B. doing C. does
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. My brother is ______ (young) than me.
2. Last year, I ______ (grow) a lot.
3. The plants ______ (come) up yesterday.
4. He keeps healthy by ______ (swim).
三、按要求完成句子。
1. Tom is stronger than me.(改为同义句,用 weak)
________________________________
2. I grew taller last year.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________
第二部分 Unit 2 Changes(变化)
语法整理
一般过去时描述过去发生的事,in the past、long ago、before 是常见标志。规则动词在词尾加 ed,如 clean—cleaned;不规则动词要记忆,如 go—went、have—had、do—did、come—came、take—took。否定句用 didn't 加动词原形,一般疑问句把 Did 提到句首、动词还原原形。
before 与 now 对比是本单元的核心做题逻辑:看到 before、in the past 用过去时,用 was/were 或动词过去式;看到 now、at present 用一般现在时。there be 句型的过去式是 there was/were,现在式是 there is/are。如 In the past, there were no tall buildings. Now there are many tall buildings.
比较级进阶:good 和 well 的比较级是 better,属于不规则变化,不能写 more better;比较级前可以用 much 加强语气,如 much better、much faster。be different from 是固定搭配,介词用 from。
易错点点拨
better 是 good 的比较级,more better 是错误写法;Did 和 didn't 后面的动词要用原形,不能再带过去式;in the past、before 的句子用过去时,别和 now 的现在时混用;there was 用于单数或不可数名词,there were 用于复数。
拔高专项练习
一、单项选择。
1. In the past, there ______ no tall buildings here.
A. is B. was C. were
2. Things are much ______ than before.
A. good B. better C. best
3. — Did your village have a library before? — ______
A. Yes, it is. B. Yes, it did. C. Yes, it does.
4. Now the roads are clean and ______.
A. wide B. narrow C. dirty
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. My school is ______ (different) from before.
2. People ______ (not have) cars long ago.
3. Now the village ______ (be) big and beautiful.
4. She ______ (go) to school on foot before.
三、按要求完成句子。
1. There was a small library before.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
________________________________
2. My dream came true at last.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________
第三部分 Unit 3 Into space(太空)
语法整理
情态动词 can 表示能力或允许,后面接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化。肯定句是主语加 can 加动词原形,否定句用 can't,一般疑问句把 can 提到句首。如 Astronauts can fly to space.(宇航员能飞向太空。)— Can you see the moon? — Yes, I can.
by 表示乘坐某种交通工具,后直接接交通工具名词,中间不加冠词,如 by spaceship、by bike、by bus。
far from 表示离某地远,如 The sun is far from us.(太阳离我们很远。)in space 表示在太空中,前面不加 the。
易错点点拨
can 后面必须跟动词原形,不管主语是单数还是复数,can 本身也不变;by 和交通工具之间不能加 a、an、the,by bike 不能说 by a bike;in space 不加 the;astronaut 以元音音素开头,要说 an astronaut,不能写 a astronaut。
拔高专项练习
一、单项选择。
1. Astronauts can ______ to space.
A. flies B. fly C. flying
2. — Can you see the moon? — ______
A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I can. C. Yes, I am.
3. The Earth goes ______ the sun.
A. on B. at C. around
4. ______ astronaut is in the spaceship.
A. A B. An C. The
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. — Can she ______ (draw) a rocket? — Yes, she can.
2. My father goes to work ______ (by) bike.
3. The sun is very far from ______ (we).
4. There ______ (be) eight planets in the solar system.
三、按要求完成句子。
1. He can fly a spaceship.(改为否定句)
________________________________
2. The moon goes around the Earth.(对 the moon 提问)
________________________________
第四部分 Unit 4 Travelling(旅行)
语法整理
一般将来时用 will 加动词原形,表示将来的打算、意愿或预测,will 没有人称变化;否定式是 will not,缩写为 won't;一般疑问句把 will 提到句首。常与 tomorrow、next week、next month 等时间连用,如 We will visit the museum next week.
谈论旅行经历时用一般过去时,常见的不规则过去式有 travel—travelled、go—went、take—took,如 They went to Beijing last holiday.
make 的用法是 make 加 sb. 加形容词,表示使某人处于某种状态,如 The music makes me happy.(音乐使我开心。)
交通方式可以互换表达:go...by 加交通工具,等于 take a 加交通工具 to...,如 go to school by bike 可以说成 take a bike to school。
易错点点拨
will 后面用动词原形,不能说 will goes、will visited;看到 last holiday、yesterday 等过去时间,动词要用过去式;make 后面跟形容词原级,make me happy 不能写成 make me happily;by bike 中间没有冠词,不要写 by a bike。
拔高专项练习
一、单项选择。
1. I ______ visit my uncle next week.
A. will B. do C. visited
2. They ______ to Beijing last holiday.
A. travel B. travelled C. travelling
3. The music makes me ______.
A. happy B. happily C. happiness
4. He goes to work ______ bus.
A. by B. on C. in
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. She ______ (take) a train to Shanghai yesterday.
2. We ______ (go) travelling next month.
3. My mother ______ (make) me a nice cake last week.
4. They will ______ (visit) the Great Wall tomorrow.
三、按要求完成句子。
1. He goes to school by bike.(改为同义句,用 take)
________________________________
2. We will visit the museum next week.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________
第五部分 Unit 5 Feeling the art(感受艺术)
语法整理
can 表示会做某事,本单元用它谈论艺术能力,后面接动词原形。如 She can play the piano.(她会弹钢琴。)— Can you paint? — Yes, I can.
like 和 enjoy 表示爱好时,后面接动词的 ing 形式,如 She likes dancing and singing.(她喜欢跳舞和唱歌。)My sister enjoys drawing.(我妹妹喜欢画画。)
be good at 表示擅长,at 是介词,后面动词也要用 ing 形式,如 I am good at painting.
名词复数规则同样适用:instrument—instruments、artist—artists;art 和 music 是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
易错点点拨
like、enjoy、be good at 后面的动词都要用 ing 形式,be good at draw 是错的,要说 be good at drawing;dance、sing 表示爱好时要说 dancing、singing;art、music 是不可数名词,不能加 s;can 后面用动词原形,can sings 是错误的。
拔高专项练习
一、单项选择。
1. She likes ______ pictures.
A. draw B. drawing C. draws
2. — Can you play the piano? — ______
A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I can. C. Yes, I am.
3. Art makes our life ______.
A. beautiful B. beautifully C. beauty
4. I am good at ______.
A. sing B. sings C. singing
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. My sister enjoys ______ (dance) very much.
2. He can ______ (play) the violin.
3. There are many ______ (instrument) in the music room.
4. They often ______ (sing) songs together.
三、按要求完成句子。
1. I can sing and dance.(改为否定句)
________________________________
2. Tom is good at painting.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________
第六部分 Unit 6 Review(总复习)
语法整理
形容词比较级:单音节形容词直接加 er,如 tall—taller;不规则变化 good—better;多音节形容词用 more 加原级,如 more beautiful。比较级用于人或事物的对比。
一般过去式:描述过去的成长、变化和旅行经历,看到 before、last year、yesterday 等时间,动词优先用过去式。
情态动词 can:表示能力,后接动词原形,没有人称变化。
介词固定搭配:by 加交通工具、be different from、be good at doing、far from、on foot,这些搭配要整体记忆。
易错点点拨
期末丢分最多的是时态混用,过去时间用过去式,现在状态用一般现在时,别混在一起;介词靠固定搭配记忆,from、by、at、in 不能随意换;at 和 like 后面动词加 ing,can 后面用原形;比较级里短单词直接加 er,不要再叠 more,good 的比较级是 better;还要留意 a 和 an,元音音素开头用 an,如 an astronaut、an egg。
拔高专项练习
一、单项选择。
1. My home town is much ______ than before.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. beautifuler
2. — Did you go to the park yesterday? — ______
A. Yes, I do. B. No, I didn't. C. Yes, I am.
3. She can ______ English very well.
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking
4. We go to school ______ foot.
A. on B. by C. in
5. There ______ a library and two shops in our town now.
A. is B. are C. were
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Last Sunday, we ______ (go) to the beach and ______ (swim).
2. I ______ (be) a student now.
3. Tom is ______ (tall) than Jim.
4. She is good at ______ (play) chess.
5. There ______ (be) many trees here in the past.
三、按要求完成句子。
1. We will have a party this weekend.(改为否定句)
________________________________
2. My father goes to work by car.(对 by car 提问)
________________________________
3. He was short before, but now he is tall.(用比较级改写)
________________________________
第七部分 参考答案
第一部分 Unit 1 Growing
一、1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B
二、1. younger 2. grew 3. came 4. swimming
三、1. I am weaker than Tom.
2. Did you grow taller last year?
第二部分 Unit 2 Changes
一、1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A
二、1. different 2. didn't have 3. is 4. went
三、1. Was there a small library before? No, there wasn't.
2. Did your dream come true at last?
第三部分 Unit 3 Into space
一、1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B
二、1. draw 2. by 3. us 4. are
三、1. He can't fly a spaceship.
2. What goes around the Earth?
第四部分 Unit 4 Travelling
一、1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A
二、1. took 2. will go 3. made 4. visit
三、1. He takes a bike to school.
2. Will you visit the museum next week?
第五部分 Unit 5 Feeling the art
一、1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C
二、1. dancing 2. play 3. instruments 4. sing
三、1. I can't sing or dance.
2. Is Tom good at painting?
第六部分 Unit 6 Review
一、1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. A
二、1. went; swam 2. am 3. taller 4. playing 5. were
三、1. We won't have a party this weekend.
2. How does your father go to work?
3. He is taller than before.
这套资料平时可以做单元过关,期末前再通读一遍语法和易错部分。做题时让学生把单选题的答案理由说出来,能讲清楚才是真的会了;订正时重点盯住时态混用、can 与 at/like 后面的动词形式、比较级拼写这几类高频错点。隔几天把错题重做一遍,期末就不容易再错。
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