Units 1-4 语法填空15篇 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

2026—2027学年人教版新教材九年级上册英语 Units 1—4 语法填空15篇 （共15篇，每篇10小题，每小题1分，满分150分） 姓名：____________　班级：____________　得分：____________ （1） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My hometown ___1___ (change) a lot over the last ten years. In the past, most people ___2___ (live) in small wooden houses, and the roads ___3___ (be) narrow and muddy. Now tall ___4___ (build) stand along wide streets, and the air is much ___5___ (clean) than before. The government ___6___ (plant) thousands of trees since 2015. A new high-speed railway ___7___ (open) last year, so it ___8___ (take) only two hours to reach the provincial capital. My grandparents often say that life today is much ___9___ (easy) than before. Last weekend, we ___10___ (take) some photos of the new town square together. （2） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, shared bikes ___1___ (become) popular in Chinese cities. People can ___2___ (easy) find them beside subway stations, in parks and near schools. Riding a bike is not only good for our health, ___3___ also friendly to the environment. ___4___ (ride) a bike instead of driving a car can cut down air pollution. This year, our city ___5___ (buy) over 1,000 new energy buses. They produce ___6___ (little) pollution than the old ones, and they are much ___7___ (quiet). Many citizens say ___8___ the new buses are comfortable and safe. ___9___ a result, more and more people choose green ways to travel. If everyone does something small ___10___ the earth, our city will have a greener future. （3） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dr. Lin is a young doctor. He ___1___ (come) to a small village in the mountains five years ago. At first, life there ___2___ (be) hard. The village was far from the city, and there was no big hospital. It was not easy ___3___ him to stay at the beginning, but he never thought of giving up. Every day, he ___4___ (ride) his motorcycle to visit patients who live far away. Old Grandma Wang says, “Dr. Lin ___5___ (save) my life twice. He is like my own son.” So far, Dr. Lin ___6___ (help) more than 3,000 villagers. He also teaches children ___7___ to wash hands properly and eat ___8___ (health) food. “It is ___9___ (meaning) for me to help the people here,” he says. “I will keep ___10___ (work) for them in the future.” （4） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know ___1___ to remember new words better? Making word cards is a good ___2___ (choose). Write a new word on one side of a card and its meaning on the ___3___ side. Then read the words ___4___ (loud) every morning and review them before going to bed. ___5___ (learn) by using is better than just copying. You can practise the new words by ___6___ (write) short stories with them. If you come across a word you forget, don't worry — just go over it a ___7___ (two) time. My classmate Wang Fang studies English in this way. She never gives ___8___, even when the words are difficult. Now she can remember about thirty ___9___ (word) a day. In her eyes, a small notebook is more ___10___ a great tool — it opens the door to a big world. （5） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Everyone has special memories. For me, the smell of my grandma's dumplings always ___1___ (bring) back warm memories of my childhood. I ___2___ (spend) every summer with my grandparents when I was a child. Early in the morning, Grandma ___3___ (wake) me up and took me to the vegetable garden. She grew vegetables all by ___4___ (she), and everything tasted fresh and delicious. While she ___5___ (make) dumplings, I liked to sit beside her and watch. She told ___6___ (I) stories about her own childhood. Those simple days were the ___7___ (happy) time in my memory. Now Grandma is ___8___ her seventies, but she still remembers everything clearly. Scientists say smells can help people remember ___9___ (thing) from long ago. That's ___10___ the smell of dumplings always makes me think of her. （6） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Liu Yang is a 24-year-old college student. Last summer, she decided to work ___1___ a volunteer teacher at a village school in Yunnan. It ___2___ (take) her two days to get to the school by bus and on foot. The school had only thirty ___3___ (pupil) and one old teacher. It was really hard ___4___ her to live there at first — no hot water, no Internet, and the winter was cold. However, she never complained. Every day, she prepared ___5___ (interest) lessons and taught the children English songs. It is very kind ___6___ her to help the children with their homework after class. The children love her very much and call ___7___ (she) “Sister Liu”. It is said ___8___ the students' English has improved a lot since she came. “It is important for city students ___9___ (know) that many children still need help,” she says. “___10___ (help) others makes me feel that my life is full of meaning.” （7） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How can we speak English well? Many learners have trouble in answering this question. Here are three useful ways. First, practise speaking by ___1___ (repeat) after English podcasts every day. Second, don't be afraid of ___2___ (make) mistakes — mistakes help us improve ___3___ (quick). Third, find a pen friend online and talk with him or her in English ___4___ (one) a week. My cousin did well in this way. At first she didn't know how to start, so she asked her teacher for advice on ___5___ (start). Her teacher told her ___6___ listening was the first step. After three ___7___ (month) of practice, she could introduce herself fluently. Now she often says, “The secret ___8___ learning a language is simple: use it or lose it. If you keep ___9___ (practise) every day, you will make great progress. Remember, little by little, one goes ___10___.” （8） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My uncle has worked as a postman in a mountain village ___1___ 2010. In the past, he had to walk for hours to deliver letters, because there were no ___2___ (road) at all. Things have changed ___3___ (great) in recent years. Now the village has a smooth road, and most families have cars. People often order things online, so my uncle is much ___4___ (busy) than before. “The parcels are heavier, ___5___ the villagers are happier,” he says with a smile. — Where is your cousin, Uncle Li? — He ___6___ (go) to Beijing for college. He ___7___ (be) there for two years. So far, express companies ___8___ (set) up service stations in almost every village, and drones ___9___ (use) to carry parcels over the mountains. “My job is ___10___ (tire), but when I see the villagers receive their parcels, I feel proud,” my uncle says. （9） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My grandpa ___1___ (use) to be a fisherman in a small town by the sea. He used to get up before sunrise and sail out with other fishermen. Life was hard then. The family couldn't afford a TV, so children ___2___ to listen to the radio in the evening. Grandpa says he didn't ___3___ (use) to like the quiet life at that time. Now things are different. Grandpa ___4___ (be) used to the comfortable life in the city. He is used to ___5___ (take) a walk after dinner and watching news on his smartphone. “I'm amazed by how fast life has changed,” he often says. “Young people ___6___ to dream of leaving the town, but now many of ___7___ have come back to start businesses.” There ___8___ (use) to be only one small shop on the street, but now cafes, bookstores and gyms stand side by side. “Change is natural in a fast-developing country,” Grandpa laughs. He is proud of the new life, and every small change is ___9___ (value) to him. He will spend more time ___10___ (enjoy) it. （10） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Mr. Smith, I am a student from Grade Nine. Our summer holiday is coming, and I want to know more about your summer courses. Could you please tell me ___1___ the courses will begin? I also wonder ___2___ I can take two courses at the same time. I have learned English for six years, but my spoken English is still poor. Could you tell me ___3___ teaches the courses? My mother also wants to know the ___4___ (price) of the courses, because she works far away and can't send me lunch. Besides, I don't know ___5___ to get to your school — by bus or by subway? And how ___6___ does the whole course cost? I ___7___ (hear) a lot about your school from my classmate Anna. She says ___8___ she improved a lot after studying there last summer. I believe I will enjoy ___9___ (study) in your school if I am accepted. I am looking forward to ___10___ (hear) from you soon. Yours, Li Hua （11） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Grandpa Qin is a scientist ___1___ has collected seeds for over twenty years. The seeds ___2___ he keeps come from mountains, rivers and deserts all over China. Why does he do it? “Plants are ___3___ (value) gifts of nature. Some of them may ___4___ (appear) one day if we don't protect them,” he explains. In his eyes, every seed is a small life full ___5___ hope for the future. His work is far from easy. He often walks for days in places ___6___ there are no roads, and he has to climb rocks ___7___ (careful). So far, he and his team ___8___ (save) thousands of plant seeds in the seed bank. Many young researchers ___9___ were moved by his story have joined him. “I'm just an ___10___ (usual) old man doing something meaningful,” Grandpa Qin often says with a smile. （12） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When the train ___1___ (reach) the first tunnel, my little cousin asked me a question: “How ___2___ trains run so fast?” I told ___3___ (he) that the answer lies in China's great development. Over the last ten years, thousands of kilometers of railways ___4___ (build) across the country. The new trains are ___5___ (fast) and more comfortable than the old ones. People ___6___ used to spend days on the road can now get home in hours. What impresses me most is the change in my grandparents' village. A modern highway ___7___ (complete) in 2023, and fresh fruit can ___8___ (send) to big cities within a day. The villagers no longer worry ___9___ selling their products. “Seeing is ___10___ (believe),” Grandpa said, looking at the trains passing by. “Our life has truly entered the fast lane.” （13） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you often forget ___1___ you have just learned? A German scientist named Ebbinghaus studied this problem over one hundred years ago. He found that new information ___2___ (disappear) quickly from our minds. Luckily, there are ways ___3___ fight against forgetting. The ___4___ (early) you review, the ___5___ (good) you remember. For example, review your notes on the same evening, then again three days later, and once ___6___ week after that. Memory works ___7___ (good) when information is meaningful. Instead of copying words again and again, try ___8___ (connect) them with pictures or stories. Scientists say that when you explain things ___9___ others, you often discover ___10___ (hide) problems in your own understanding. （14） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the ___1___ (develop) of technology, students today have far more learning tools than before. Some people even believe that AI will take the place ___2___ teachers one day. However, most experts disagree ___3___ this idea. “AI can answer questions ___4___ (correct), but it can never truly understand how you feel,” says Ms. Gao, an experienced teacher. “A good teacher always knows ___5___ to encourage each student at the right time.” Many students share Ms. Gao's opinion. Lin Tao, a ninth-grader, once asked an AI tool ___6___ write his book report, and it gave him a full passage in seconds. “But my teacher told me ___7___ thinking by myself is the real purpose of homework,” he says. “Now I use AI only as ___8___ helper, not a shortcut.” ___9___ (actual), technology is just a tool. What truly matters is ___10___ we have the wish to learn. （15） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Friday, our class buried a time capsule in the school garden. Inside it ___1___ (be) letters, photos and small gifts ___2___ we made for the future. We plan ___3___ (open) it in ten years. In my letter, I wrote about my life and my ___4___ (dream) for the future. I told my future self that I had made great ___5___ (achieve) this term, and I asked ___6___ (I) to stay brave when facing difficulties. My best friend Wang Lei was too shy ___7___ (speak) in public before, but in his letter he wrote that he now enjoys speaking in front of the class. Our head teacher says time capsules are ___8___ (meaning) because they carry people's hopes across the years. “Ten years ___9___ (late), when you open the box, you will see how much ___10___ (you) world has changed — and how much you have grown,” she said with a warm smile. 参考答案与解析 说明：每空1分，共150分。加粗部分为答案，【解析】给出考点与解题依据，供订正与复习使用。 （1） 1. has changed　【解析】over the last ten years“在过去十年里”是现在完成时的标志词，主语 My hometown 为第三人称单数，故填 has changed。（现在完成时） 2. lived　【解析】In the past 与一般过去时连用，live 的过去式为 lived。（一般过去时） 3. were　【解析】主语 the roads 为复数，且描述过去的状态，be 动词用 were。（be 动词过去式） 4. buildings　【解析】tall 后接名词；build 为动词，其名词 building“建筑物”是可数名词，由语境可知用复数 buildings。（动词变名词） 5. cleaner　【解析】由 than 可知用比较级，clean 的比较级为 cleaner。（形容词比较级） 6. has planted　【解析】since 2015“自 2015 年以来”是现在完成时的标志，主语 The government 为三单，故填 has planted。（现在完成时） 7. opened　【解析】last year 是明确的过去时间，用一般过去时，open 的过去式为 opened。（一般过去时） 8. takes　【解析】本句陈述现在的事实，it 作形式主语，谓语动词用三单形式 takes。（It takes sb. time to do sth.） 9. easier　【解析】much 修饰比较级，easy 的比较级为 easier（变 y 为 i 加 er）。（形容词比较级） 10. took　【解析】Last weekend“上周末”是过去时间，take 的过去式为 took。（不规则过去式） （2） 1. have become　【解析】In recent years“近年来”是现在完成时的标志，主语 shared bikes 为复数，故填 have become。（现在完成时） 2. easily　【解析】修饰动词 find 需用副词，easy 的副词为 easily。（形容词变副词） 3. but　【解析】not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，固定搭配，故填 but。（并列连词） 4. Riding　【解析】此处用动名词短语作主语，位于句首首字母要大写，故填 Riding。（动名词作主语） 5. has bought　【解析】This year“今年”可与现在完成时连用，强调过去动作对现在的影响，主语为三单，故填 has bought。（现在完成时） 6. less　【解析】由 than 可知用比较级，little 的比较级为 less（不规则变化）。（不规则比较级） 7. quieter　【解析】much 修饰比较级，quiet 的比较级为 quieter。（形容词比较级） 8. that　【解析】say 后接宾语从句，从句句意完整、不缺成分，用 that 引导。（宾语从句 that） 9. As　【解析】as a result“结果是；因此”为固定短语，位于句首首字母大写，故填 As。（固定短语） 10. for　【解析】“为地球做些小事”，表对象用介词 for。（介词） （3） 1. came　【解析】five years ago 是明确的过去时间，用一般过去时，come 的过去式为 came。（一般过去时） 2. was　【解析】描述五年前的生活状态，主语 life 为单数，be 动词用 was。（be 动词过去式） 3. for　【解析】It is/was + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 结构中，形容词说明事情的性质（not easy），用介词 for。（It is...for sb. to do） 4. rides　【解析】Every day 表经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语 he 为第三人称单数，故填 rides。（动词三单） 5. has saved　【解析】twice“两次”与现在完成时连用，强调过去动作对现在的影响，主语为三单，故填 has saved。（现在完成时） 6. has helped　【解析】So far“到目前为止”是现在完成时的典型标志，主语 Dr. Lin 为三单，故填 has helped。（现在完成时） 7. how　【解析】teach sb. how to do sth.“教某人怎样做某事”，为“疑问词+不定式”结构，故填 how。（疑问词+to do） 8. healthy　【解析】修饰名词 food 需用形容词，health 的形容词为 healthy（变 y 为 i 加 ly）。（名词变形容词） 9. meaningful　【解析】It is + adj. + for sb. + to do 结构中需填形容词，mean 的形容词 meaningful“有意义的”。（词形转换） 10. working　【解析】keep doing sth.“持续做某事”，keep 后接动名词，故填 working。（keep doing） （4） 1. how　【解析】“know + 疑问词 + to do”结构，表示“知道如何记住单词”，故填 how。（疑问词+to do） 2. choice　【解析】冠词 a 后接可数名词单数，choose 的名词为 choice“选择”。（动词变名词） 3. other　【解析】卡片有两面，“一面……另一面”为两者中的另一个，用 the other side。（the other 用法） 4. loudly　【解析】修饰动词 read 需用副词，loud 的副词为 loudly。（形容词变副词） 5. Learning　【解析】此处用动名词短语作主语，位于句首首字母大写，故填 Learning。（动名词作主语） 6. writing　【解析】介词 by 后接动名词，by doing sth.“通过做某事”，故填 writing（双写 t 变 ing）。（by+doing） 7. second　【解析】“a + 序数词 + time”表示“再一次”，two 的序数词为 second，a second time“又一次”。（序数词） 8. up　【解析】give up“放弃”，固定短语。（动词短语） 9. words　【解析】thirty“三十”后接可数名词复数，word 的复数为 words。（名词复数） 10. than　【解析】more than“不仅仅是；超过”，固定搭配。（more than 搭配） （5） 1. brings　【解析】表示经常性、习惯性动作用一般现在时，主语 the smell 为第三人称单数，故填 brings。（动词三单） 2. spent　【解析】when I was a child 提示过去，spend 的过去式为 spent（不规则变化）。（不规则过去式） 3. woke　【解析】与 and 后的 took 并列，用 wake 的过去式 woke。（不规则过去式） 4. herself　【解析】by oneself“独自；单独”，主语为 She，故填反身代词 herself。（反身代词） 5. was making　【解析】while“当……的时候”常与进行时连用，主语为 she，描述过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时 was making。（过去进行时） 6. me　【解析】动词 told 后接人称代词宾格，I 的宾格为 me。（代词宾格） 7. happiest　【解析】the 后接形容词最高级；happy 为“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 est，故填 happiest。（形容词最高级） 8. in　【解析】in one's + 整十数的复数形式，表示“在某人几十多岁时”，in her seventies“在她七十多岁时”。（固定表达） 9. things　【解析】remember 后接名词，thing 为可数名词，由语境可知用复数 things。（名词复数） 10. why　【解析】That's why...“那就是为什么……”，why 引导表语从句，故填 why。（表语从句） （6） 1. as　【解析】work as...“担任；以……身份工作”，固定搭配。（介词 as） 2. took　【解析】“It takes/took sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”为固定句型，Last summer 提示过去，故填 took。（It takes 句型） 3. pupils　【解析】thirty 后接可数名词复数，pupil 的复数为 pupils。（名词复数） 4. for　【解析】hard 说明“生活”的性质（事情本身），It is + adj. + for sb. + to do 结构用 for。（It is...for sb.） 5. interesting　【解析】修饰名词 lessons（物）需用 -ing 形容词，故填 interesting“有趣的”。（-ing 形容词） 6. of　【解析】kind“善良的”表示人的品质，It is + adj. + of sb. + to do 结构用 of。（It is...of sb.） 7. her　【解析】动词 call 后接人称代词宾格，she 的宾格为 her。（代词宾格） 8. that　【解析】It is said that...“据说……”，固定句型，that 引导主语从句。（It is said that） 9. to know　【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 中，真正的主语是不定式 to do，故填 to know。（不定式作真正主语） 10. Helping　【解析】此处用动名词短语作主语，位于句首首字母大写，故填 Helping。（动名词作主语） （7） 1. repeating　【解析】介词 by 后接动名词，by doing sth.“通过做某事”，故填 repeating。（by+doing） 2. making　【解析】be afraid of doing sth.“害怕做某事”，介词 of 后接动名词，故填 making。（介词+doing） 3. quickly　【解析】修饰动词 improve 需用副词，quick 的副词为 quickly。（形容词变副词） 4. once　【解析】“每周一次”为 once a week，one 的频度形式为 once。（频度表达） 5. starting　【解析】介词 on 后接动名词，advice on doing sth.“关于做某事的建议”，故填 starting。（介词+doing） 6. that　【解析】told her 后接宾语从句，从句句意完整、不缺成分，用 that 引导。（宾语从句 that） 7. months　【解析】three 后接可数名词复数，month 的复数为 months。（名词复数） 8. to　【解析】the secret to...“……的秘诀”，to 为介词，后接动名词 learning。（介词 to） 9. practising　【解析】keep doing sth.“坚持做某事”，keep 后接动名词，故填 practising。（keep doing） 10. far　【解析】“Little by little, one goes far.”为谚语“一点一点地，就能走远”，go far“走远；获得成功”。（谚语固定表达） （8） 1. since　【解析】“has worked...since 2010”，since“自……以来”与现在完成时连用。（since 用法） 2. roads　【解析】no 后接名词，road 为可数名词，由语境可知用复数 roads。（名词复数） 3. greatly　【解析】修饰动词 changed 需用副词，great 的副词为 greatly。（形容词变副词） 4. busier　【解析】much 修饰比较级；busy 为“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 er，故填 busier。（形容词比较级） 5. but　【解析】前句说包裹更重，后句说村民更开心，语义转折，用 but。（并列连词） 6. has gone　【解析】回答 Where is...，说明“去了北京（还没回来）”，用 has gone to。（have been to 与 have gone to 辨析） 7. has been　【解析】for two years 表一段时间，与现在完成时连用，主语 He 为三单，故填 has been。（现在完成时） 8. have set　【解析】So far 是现在完成时的标志，主语 express companies 为复数，故填 have set。（现在完成时） 9. are used　【解析】drones 与 use 之间是被动关系（无人机“被用来”运包裹），描述现在的一般情况，用一般现在时被动语态 are used。（被动语态） 10. tiring　【解析】主语 My job（物）需用 -ing 形容词，tire 的 -ing 形容词为 tiring“令人疲惫的”。（-ing 形容词） （9） 1. used　【解析】used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，故填 used。（used to） 2. used　【解析】语境描述过去的习惯，children 后用 used to listen“过去常常听”。（used to） 3. use　【解析】didn't use to do sth.“过去不常做某事”，助动词 did 后用动词原形 use。（used to 的否定式） 4. is　【解析】be used to sth.“习惯于某事”，描述现在的状态，主语 Grandpa 为三单，故填 is。（be used to + 名词） 5. taking　【解析】be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，to 为介词，后接动名词，故填 taking。（be used to doing） 6. used　【解析】语境为今昔对比，“年轻人过去常常梦想离开小镇”，用 used to + 动词原形。（used to） 7. them　【解析】many of 后接人称代词宾格，they 的宾格为 them。（代词宾格） 8. used　【解析】There used to be...“过去曾有……”，固定句型，故填 used。（There used to be） 9. valuable　【解析】is 后接形容词作表语，value 的形容词为 valuable“宝贵的”。（名词变形容词） 10. enjoying　【解析】spend time (in) doing sth.“花时间做某事”，故填 enjoying。（spend doing） （10） 1. when　【解析】询问“课程什么时候开始”，tell me 后接宾语从句，用 when 引导。（宾语从句 wh-） 2. whether　【解析】询问“是否可以同时上两门课”，宾语从句表“是否”用 whether/if，故填 whether。（宾语从句 whether） 3. who　【解析】询问“谁任教”，宾语从句中缺主语（指人），用 who 引导。（宾语从句 who） 4. price　【解析】the 后接名词；price“价格”，the price of...“……的价格”。（名词） 5. how　【解析】“how + to do”结构，how to get to...“怎样到达……”。（疑问词+to do） 6. much　【解析】询问价格用 how much。（how much） 7. have heard　【解析】由语境“我已经听说过很多”可知用现在完成时，主语为 I，故填 have heard。（现在完成时） 8. that　【解析】says 后接宾语从句，从句句意完整，用 that 引导。（宾语从句 that） 9. studying　【解析】enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，enjoy 后接动名词，故填 studying。（enjoy doing） 10. hearing　【解析】look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，to 为介词，后接动名词，故填 hearing。（look forward to doing） （11） 1. who　【解析】先行词为 scientist（人），关系词在定语从句中作主语，用 who 引导。（定语从句 who） 2. that　【解析】先行词为 seeds（物），关系词在定语从句中作宾语，用 that/which 引导，故填 that。（定语从句 that） 3. valuable　【解析】are 后接形容词作表语，value 的形容词为 valuable“宝贵的”。（名词变形容词） 4. disappear　【解析】“如果我们不保护它们，有些植物可能会……”，用 appear 的反义词 disappear“消失”，may 后接动词原形。（前缀 dis- 构词） 5. of　【解析】full of...“充满……”，固定搭配，a small life full of hope“充满希望的小生命”。（介词 of） 6. where　【解析】先行词为 places（地点），关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用 where 引导。（关系副词 where） 7. carefully　【解析】修饰动词 climb 需用副词，careful 的副词为 carefully。（形容词变副词） 8. have saved　【解析】So far 为现在完成时的标志，主语 he and his team 为复数，故填 have saved。（现在完成时） 9. who　【解析】先行词为 researchers（人），关系词在定语从句中作主语，用 who 引导。（定语从句 who） 10. unusual　【解析】an 后接以元音音素开头的单词；由语境可知用 usual 的反义词 unusual“不寻常的”。（前缀 un- 构词） （12） 1. reached　【解析】叙述过去发生的事，用 reach 的过去式 reached。（一般过去时） 2. can　【解析】“火车怎么能跑那么快？”询问可能性用情态动词 can。（情态动词） 3. him　【解析】动词 told 后接人称代词宾格，he 的宾格为 him。（代词宾格） 4. have been built　【解析】Over the last ten years 与现在完成时连用；railways 与 build 之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态 have been built。（现在完成时被动语态） 5. faster　【解析】由 than 可知用比较级，fast 的比较级为 faster（双写 t 加 er）。（形容词比较级） 6. who　【解析】先行词为 People（人），关系词在定语从句中作主语，用 who 引导。（定语从句 who） 7. was completed　【解析】in 2023 为过去时间；highway 与 complete 之间为被动关系（公路“被建成”），用一般过去时的被动语态 was completed。（过去时被动语态） 8. be sent　【解析】情态动词 can 后接 be + 过去分词，构成含情态动词的被动语态；fruit 与 send 之间为被动关系，故填 be sent。（情态动词被动语态） 9. about　【解析】worry about...“担心……”，固定搭配。（介词 about） 10. believing　【解析】Seeing is believing.“眼见为实”，固定谚语，动名词作表语，故填 believing。（动名词作表语） （13） 1. what　【解析】forget 后接宾语从句，从句中缺宾语（指事物），用 what 引导。（宾语从句 what） 2. disappears　【解析】宾语从句中描述普遍事实，用一般现在时，主语 new information 为三单，故填 disappears。（动词三单） 3. to　【解析】“做某事的方法”为 ways to do sth.，用不定式作定语，故填 to。（不定式作定语） 4. earlier　【解析】“the + 比较级..., the + 比较级...”表示“越……就越……”，early 的比较级为 earlier。（the+比较级句型） 5. better　【解析】同上句型；good/well 的比较级为 better。（the+比较级句型） 6. a　【解析】once a week“每周一次”，“一”用不定冠词 a。（不定冠词） 7. best　【解析】由语境（信息有意义时记忆效果最好）可知用最高级，good/well 的最高级为 best。（副词最高级） 8. connecting　【解析】try doing sth.“尝试做某事”，try 后接动名词，故填 connecting。（try doing） 9. to　【解析】explain...to sb.“向某人解释……”，固定搭配，故填 to。（介词 to） 10. hidden　【解析】discover 后接形容词修饰 problems；hide 的过去分词 hidden 作形容词，意为“隐藏的”。（过去分词作形容词） （14） 1. development　【解析】the 后接名词，develop 的名词为 development“发展”。（动词变名词） 2. of　【解析】take the place of...“取代；代替”，固定短语，故填 of。（固定短语） 3. with　【解析】disagree with...“不赞同……”，固定搭配。（固定搭配） 4. correctly　【解析】修饰动词 answer 需用副词，correct 的副词为 correctly。（形容词变副词） 5. how　【解析】“know + 疑问词 + to do”结构，“知道如何鼓励学生”，故填 how。（疑问词+to do） 6. to　【解析】ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”，用不定式，故填 to。（ask sb. to do） 7. that　【解析】told me 后接宾语从句，从句句意完整，用 that 引导。（宾语从句 that） 8. a　【解析】helper 为可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a。（不定冠词） 9. Actually　【解析】修饰整个句子需用副词，actual 的副词为 actually，位于句首首字母大写。（形容词变副词） 10. whether　【解析】表语从句表示“是否”，用 whether 引导。（表语从句 whether） （15） 1. were　【解析】本句为倒装句，真正的主语 letters, photos and small gifts 为复数，描述过去的情况，be 动词用 were。（主谓一致） 2. that　【解析】先行词为 gifts（物），关系词在定语从句中作宾语，用 that/which 引导，故填 that。（定语从句 that） 3. to open　【解析】plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，用不定式，故填 to open。（plan to do） 4. dreams　【解析】my 后接名词；dream“梦想”为可数名词，由语境可知用复数 dreams。（名词复数） 5. achievements　【解析】make achievements“取得成就”，achieve 的名词为 achievement，great 后用复数。（动词变名词） 6. myself　【解析】主语与宾语指同一个人时用反身代词，I 的反身代词为 myself。（反身代词） 7. to speak　【解析】too...to...“太……而不能……”，too 后接动词原形，故填 to speak。（too...to 结构） 8. meaningful　【解析】are 后接形容词作表语，meaning 的形容词为 meaningful“有意义的”。（名词变形容词） 9. later　【解析】“时间段 + later”表示“多久之后”，late 的副词形式为 later，ten years later“十年后”。（later 用法） 10. your　【解析】修饰名词 world 需用形容词性物主代词，you 的形容词性物主代词为 your。（物主代词） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $