Unit 4 Exploring Poetry 单元复习 单句语法填空50题-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第一册

选择性必修一 Unit 4 课文长难句与重点词汇词形变化单句语法填空（50 题） （每句一空·共 50 题·附答案速查与逐题详解） 说明：第一部分 25 题全部改编自本单元两篇课文的长难句——Reading（How to Read a Poem，第 1—12 题）、Extended Reading（Li Bai and his romantic poetry，第 13—25 题）；基本保留原句措辞，只在句中挖去一处考点，个别题补入时间状语以确保答案唯一，详解中标注【出处】。第二部分 25 题考查本单元重点词汇的词形变化。每句只设一处空格。 第一部分覆盖的语法点：定语从句（含“介词＋which”）、名词性从句、非谓语动词（动名词作主语、分词作状语与定语、不定式作定语/宾补/目的状语、不定式的被动式）、被动语态、时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、现在完成时、主将从现）、主谓一致、倒装、替代词、比较结构、条件与时间状语从句、形式主语。 第一部分　课文长难句语法点（第 1—25 题） 1. More ________ any other type of literature, it usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. 2. While you may ask “What does it mean?” as you begin reading a poem, ________ is better to ask “How does it sound?” 3. Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about ________ the poem sounds when you read it aloud. 4. All of these are good qualities ________ (notice), and they may lead you to a better understanding of the poem in the end. 5. What are those images, and what happens when they ________ (put) together? 6. Read these lines, pay attention to the image of the caged bird and try to find out ________ it means. 7. Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than ________ that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. 8. You cannot really understand a poem that you ________ (read) only once so far. 9. Sometimes ________ (read) a poem can be a lifelong job. 10. This may seem difficult at first, but when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts ________ (reward). 11. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or ________ (let) you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort. 12. You might need to abandon logical thinking ________ (discover) its true inner beauty. 13. It is believed that this poem ________ (write) by Li Bai in his teenage years. 14. He started studying the classics when he was only five years old, and was ________ (read) ancient philosophers of different schools at the age of ten, including Confucianism and Taoism. 15. By reading books of all kinds, from legends to historical stories, he ________ (familiarize) himself with classical Chinese culture, and more importantly, he acquired the wisdom of previous generations. 16. ________ (drive) by a burning desire for adventure and travel, Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties. 17. During his travels, he visited famous mountains and great rivers, ________ (encounter) different customs and practices. 18. These travelling experiences also nourished his love of nature and inspired him ________ (write) numerous poems in the romantic style. 19. This open and tolerant atmosphere allowed Li Bai the liberty ________ (develop) a free and unconstrained personality, which, in turn, had a huge impact on his poetic production. 20. Li Bai's romantic style was also deeply rooted in the social and historical context in ________ he lived. 21. Equally impressive ________ Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets. 22. Given his personal experiences and the historical background, it is only natural to see that the majority of Li Bai's poems ________ (characterize) by the romantic style. 23. The poem below, ________ (write) in his fifties, is representative of his romantic style. 24. With his extraordinary imagination, free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language, Li Bai is widely recognized ________ the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan. 25. Today Li Bai's poetry continues ________ (enjoy) by countless readers around the world. 第二部分　重点词汇词形变化（第 26—50 题） 26. The lake, ________ (freeze) solid since December, became the stage for a festival that attracted skaters from all over the province. 27. The guards refused to open the gallery in such ________ (freeze) weather, even though hundreds of visitors had queued outside since dawn. 28. The ________ (detect) of a tiny crack in the bridge, which had gone unnoticed for years, prevented a disaster that no one had foreseen. 29. It was a ________ (detect) who first noticed that the signature on the painting had been added long after the work was finished. 30. The two accounts of the accident were so ________ (contradict) that the police could not decide whom to believe. 31. There is a ________ (contradict) between what the poet says about solitude in his letters and what he reveals in his verses. 32. Her ________ (interpret) of the role was so original that the director, who had worked with the play for twenty years, admitted that he had never seen it that way. 33. The ________ (interpret) who accompanied the foreign delegation had to render the poet's metaphors into English without losing their music. 34. The students, who had been waiting for the results since morning, grew increasingly ________ (patience) as the hours passed. 35. The ________ (constant) changing weather of the region makes it almost impossible to plan an outdoor exhibition in advance. 36. It seems ________ (logic) to expect a poet to explain his own work, since much of what he writes comes from a part of the mind that reason cannot reach. 37. It is perfectly ________ (logic) to dislike a poem at first reading and to love it ten years later, for taste develops with experience. 38. Her ________ (perceive) of the poem's central image was so acute that even the professor paused to write it down. 39. Her ________ (perceive) review of the exhibition noticed details that even the curator had overlooked. 40. Before the committee approves the budget, we need a more ________ (reality) estimate of what the restoration will actually cost. 41. The ________ (novel) spent seven years on a single book, refusing to publish anything until every sentence satisfied him. 42. The rapid ________ (industry) of the region, which began in the late nineteenth century, transformed not only its landscape but also the way its people saw the world. 43. The town's ________ (industry) past is still visible in the rows of red-brick warehouses that line the canal. 44. The most ________ (strike) feature of the novel is the way it moves between the voices of three generations without ever confusing the reader. 45. What ________ (character) the poetry of that period is a refusal to describe feelings directly. 46. The ________ (stable) of the government during that period allowed artists and writers to experiment as never before. 47. The ________ (tolerate) shown by the older generation towards these experiments surprised everyone who had expected hostility. 48. The ________ (distinguish) poet, whose work had been ignored for decades, was suddenly invited to read at every festival in Europe. 49. The painting is ________ (represent) of the period in which it was produced, with its careful perspective and its crowded street scenes. 50. Her remark that the poem “explains itself” carries an ________ (imply) that criticism is unnecessary. 答案速查 1. than 2. it 3. how 4. to notice 5. are put 6. what 7. those 8. have read 9. reading 10. will be rewarded 11. lets 12. to discover 13. was written 14. reading 15. familiarized 16. Driven 17. encountering 18. to write 19. to develop 20. which 21. is 22. are characterized 23. written 24. as 25. to be enjoyed 26. frozen 27. freezing 28. detection 29. detective 30. contradictory 31. contradiction 32. interpretation 33. interpreter 34. impatient 35. constantly 36. illogical 37. logical 38. perception 39. perceptive 40. realistic 41. novelist 42. industrialization 43. industrial 44. striking 45. characterizes 46. stability 47. tolerance 48. distinguished 49. representative 50. implication 逐题详解 1. 【答案】than　【考点】比较结构（more than any other）　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 1 段 【解析】More than any other type of literature 是比较状语，意为“比任何其他类型的文学都更甚”；any other 后接单数名词，表示同类比较中排除自身。beyond the words on the page 是介词短语作后置定语修饰 meaning。句意：它通常比任何其他类型的文学都更暗示着超出纸上文字的更深层含义。 2. 【答案】it　【考点】it 作形式主语（真正主语为不定式）　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 2 段 【解析】主句的真正主语是不定式短语 to ask “How does it sound?”，因太长而后置，句首用 it 作形式主语，构成 it is better to do sth。While 引导让步状语从句（“尽管”），as 引导时间状语从句。句意：尽管你开始读一首诗时可能会问“它是什么意思？”，但更好的做法是问“它听起来怎么样？”。 3. 【答案】how　【考点】连接副词 how 引导宾语从句　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 2 段 【解析】介词 about 后接 how 引导的宾语从句；sounds 是系动词，从句缺表语，须用 how（“听起来如何”），不能用 what（what 在从句中须作主语或宾语）。Even if 引导让步状语从句，when 引导时间状语从句。句意：即使它真正的含义似乎超出你的理解，你也总还能就这首诗朗读时的声音效果说上几句。 4. 【答案】to notice　【考点】不定式作后置定语　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 2 段 【解析】不定式 to notice 修饰 qualities，表示“值得注意的品质”，相当于 qualities that are worth noticing。and 连接两个并列分句；lead sb to sth 意为“引导某人走向……”，in the end 意为“最终”。句意：所有这些都是值得注意的好品质，它们最终可能会引导你更好地理解这首诗。 5. 【答案】are put　【考点】一般现在时被动语态（时间状语从句）　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 3 段 【解析】when 引导时间状语从句，主句用一般现在时 happens，从句也用一般现在时；they（images）与 put 是被动关系，故用 are put。put... together 意为“把……组合在一起”，此处 together 是副词。句意：那些意象是什么？把它们组合在一起时又会发生什么？ 6. 【答案】what　【考点】连接代词 what 引导宾语从句　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 3 段 【解析】find out 后接宾语从句，从句中 means 缺宾语，故用连接代词 what。that 只起连接作用、不作成分，不能填；which 表示在一定范围内的选择，此处无范围。句首三个动词 Read、pay、try 构成并列祈使句。句意：读一读这几行诗，注意笼中鸟这个意象，试着弄清它的含义。 7. 【答案】those　【考点】替代词 those（避免重复）　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 4 段 【解析】those 替代前面提到的 poems，其后 that constantly reveal... 是定语从句，谓语用复数 reveal。less interesting than 构成否定比较；previously unrecognized 是过去分词短语作定语修饰 meanings。句意：容易理解的诗往往不如那些不断揭示更深、此前未被认识的含义的诗有趣。 8. 【答案】have read　【考点】现在完成时（so far 标志＋定语从句）　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 4 段 【解析】so far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，表示从过去到现在的经历，故用 have read。read 的过去式与原形同形，若填 read 则表示过去某个具体时间读过，与 so far 矛盾。定语从句 that you have only read once 中，先行词 a poem 作 read 的宾语，关系代词 that 已省略。句意：你无法真正理解一首你至今只读过一遍的诗。 9. 【答案】reading　【考点】动名词作主语　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 4 段 【解析】句子已有谓语 can be，主语位置须用动名词短语 reading a poem，表示一般性的行为；动名词作主语时谓语用单数 can be。Sometimes 是副词作状语。句意：有时读一首诗可以是一辈子的事。 10. 【答案】will be rewarded　【考点】一般将来时的被动语态（主将从现）　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 4 段 【解析】when 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时；your efforts 与 reward 是被动关系，故用 will be rewarded。at first 意为“起初”。句意：这起初也许显得困难，但当你最终有了重大发现时，你的努力会得到回报。 11. 【答案】lets　【考点】使役动词 let＋主谓一致　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 5 段 【解析】or 连接两个并列谓语 makes 与 lets，主语 the journey（单数）决定用 lets；let sb do sth 中不定式不带 to，故用 perceive。as long as 引导条件状语从句，主句用将来完成时 will have been。句意：只要读诗的旅程让你有所感受，或让你领会到另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。 12. 【答案】to discover　【考点】不定式作目的状语　【出处】Unit 4 Reading · How to Read a Poem 第 5 段 【解析】不定式 to discover 作目的状语，说明“抛开逻辑思维”的目的，其逻辑主语是句子的主语 you。abandon 意为“放弃”，inner beauty 意为“内在美”。句意：你也许需要抛开逻辑思维，去发现它真正的内在美。 13. 【答案】was written　【考点】一般过去时的被动语态（It is believed that... 从句中）　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 1 段 【解析】that 引导的主语从句中，this poem 与 write 是被动关系，且写作发生在过去（青少年时期），故用一般过去时的被动语态 was written。主句 It is believed that... 中 it 是形式主语，从句才是真正的主语内容；这类结构还有 It is said／reported／thought that...。句意：人们相信这首诗是李白在青少年时期写的。 14. 【答案】reading　【考点】过去进行时（was＋现在分词）　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 2 段 【解析】and 连接两个并列谓语：前一分句 started 用一般过去时叙述起点，后一分句用过去进行时表示十岁那段时间持续的状态。空前已给出助动词 was，故只需填现在分词 reading；he 与 read 是主动关系，不能用过去分词 read（那样成了被动）。at the age of ten 是时间状语，including... 是举例说明 ancient philosophers。句意：他年仅五岁就开始学习经典著作，十岁时已在读不同学派的古代哲学家的著作，包括儒家和道家思想。 15. 【答案】familiarized　【考点】一般过去时（与并列谓语 acquired 呼应）　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 2 段 【解析】By reading books of all kinds 是 by＋动名词构成的方式状语；句子叙述李白早年的经历，谓语用一般过去时，且 and more importantly 后的并列谓语 acquired 也是过去时，故填 familiarized。from legends to historical stories 是插入语，举例说明 books of all kinds；familiarize oneself with 意为“使自己熟悉”。句意：通过阅读各种各样的书籍，从传说到历史故事，他熟悉了中国古典文化，更重要的是，他获得了前人的智慧。 16. 【答案】Driven　【考点】过去分词作原因状语　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 3 段 【解析】Li Bai 与 drive 是被动关系（“他被强烈的渴望所驱动”），故用过去分词 driven 作原因状语，相当于 Because he was driven by...，句首字母须大写。leave home 与 start to travel 是 and 连接的并列谓语；in his early twenties 是时间状语。句意：在对冒险和游历的强烈渴望驱使下，李白离开家乡，二十岁出头便开始四处游历。 17. 【答案】encountering　【考点】现在分词作伴随状语　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 3 段 【解析】encounter 与主语 he 是主动关系，用现在分词 encountering 作伴随状语，说明游历过程中同时发生的事。visited 与 encountering 虽有先后，但不强调完成，用一般式即可。句意：在游历中，他游览了名山大川，遇到了不同的风俗习惯。 18. 【答案】to write　【考点】不定式作宾语补足语（inspire sb to do）　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 3 段 【解析】inspire sb to do sth 意为“激励某人做某事”，不定式 to write 作宾语补足语。nourished 与 inspired 是 and 连接的并列谓语；in the romantic style 是介词短语作定语修饰 poems。句意：这些游历经历也滋养了他对自然的热爱，并激励他写下了大量浪漫主义风格的诗歌。 19. 【答案】to develop　【考点】不定式作后置定语（allow sb sth to do）　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 4 段 【解析】allow sb sth 是双宾语结构，the liberty 后接不定式 to develop 作后置定语，说明自由的内容。which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容；in turn 是插入语，意为“反过来”。句意：这种开放包容的氛围给了李白发展自由无拘个性的自由，这反过来又对他的诗歌创作产生了巨大影响。 20. 【答案】which　【考点】“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 4 段 【解析】先行词 the context 指物，从句 he lived 缺介词 in 的宾语，故用“in + which”，in which ＝ in the context。介词后只能用 which（指物）或 whom（指人），不能用 that；也不能用 where，因为空前的 in 已经保留了介词。句意：李白的浪漫主义风格也深深植根于他所生活的社会和历史环境之中。 21. 【答案】is　【考点】完全倒装＋主谓一致　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 5 段 【解析】表语 Equally impressive 置于句首，句子完全倒装，真正的主语是 Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings（单数），故用 is。两个 which 并列引导定语从句，第二个 which 前的 and 不可省略；he describes 是省略关系词的定语从句修饰 the lifeless objects。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈感情的自由表达，这种表达为他所描写的无生命物体注入了生命力，并使他区别于其他山水诗人。 22. 【答案】are characterized　【考点】一般现在时的被动语态（be characterized by）＋主谓一致　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 5 段 【解析】be characterized by 意为“以……为特征”，poems 与 characterize 是被动关系，故用过去分词 characterized，前面加 be 动词构成被动。that 从句的主语 the majority of Li Bai's poems 中心词是复数 poems，谓语用 are。Given 在此是介词“考虑到”；it 是形式主语，真正主语是 to see that...。句意：考虑到他的个人经历和历史背景，李白的大多数诗歌以浪漫主义风格为特征，也就是很自然的了。 23. 【答案】written　【考点】过去分词作后置定语　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 5 段 【解析】write 与 the poem 是被动关系，written in his fifties 相当于 which was written in his fifties，作后置定语（因被逗号隔开，也可看作插入语）。be representative of 意为“是……的代表”。句意：下面这首诗写于他五十多岁时，是他浪漫主义风格的代表作。 24. 【答案】as　【考点】介词搭配（be recognized as）　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 6 段 【解析】be recognized as 意为“被公认为”，as 引出身份；With... 是介词短语作状语，列举三个并列名词短语。句意：凭借非凡的想象力、对强烈感情的自由表达和对语言的精通，李白被广泛认为是屈原之后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。 25. 【答案】to be enjoyed　【考点】不定式的被动式（continue to do）　【出处】Unit 4 Extended Reading · Li Bai and his romantic poetry 第 6 段 【解析】continue 后接不定式作宾语；主语 Li Bai's poetry 与 enjoy 是被动关系（诗歌被读者欣赏），故用不定式的被动式 to be enjoyed，by countless readers 引出动作的执行者。句意：今天，李白的诗歌继续被世界各地无数的读者所欣赏。 26. 【答案】frozen　【考点】动词→过去分词（作定语） 【解析】freeze 的过去分词为 frozen，此处作后置定语修饰 the lake，相当于 which had been frozen solid since December，表持续的状态。solid 作形容词补语。句意：这座湖自十二月起就冻得结结实实，成了一个吸引全省滑冰者的节日舞台。 27. 【答案】freezing　【考点】动词→形容词 【解析】空格位于 such 与名词 weather 之间，须用形容词；freezing 意为“极冷的”，freezing weather 即“严寒天气”，不能填 frozen（“冻住的”）。even though 引导让步状语从句，用过去完成时表示在开门之前已完成的行为。句意：尽管数百名参观者从天亮起就在外面排队，守卫仍拒绝在如此严寒的天气里开馆。 28. 【答案】detection　【考点】动词→名词 【解析】定冠词 the 后作主语须用名词，detect vt. 的名词为 detection“发现，查明”（不可数）。which 引导非限制性定语从句修饰 a tiny crack；主句谓语 prevented 用一般过去时，that no one had foreseen 是定语从句。句意：桥上一条多年来无人注意的细小裂缝被发现，避免了一场无人预见的灾难。 29. 【答案】detective　【考点】动词→名词（人） 【解析】It was... who... 是强调句型，被强调部分指人，故空格须填表示“侦探”的名词 detective；detect v. → detection n.（侦查）→ detective n.（侦探）。that 从句用过去完成时的被动语态。句意：最先注意到画上签名是在作品完成很久之后才加上去的，是一位侦探。 30. 【答案】contradictory　【考点】动词→形容词 【解析】so... that... 结构中 so 后须接形容词，contradict v.“与……矛盾”的形容词为 contradictory“相互矛盾的”。whom to believe 是“疑问词＋不定式”结构，作 decide 的宾语。句意：关于这起事故的两份陈述相互矛盾，警方无法决定该相信谁。 31. 【答案】contradiction　【考点】动词→名词 【解析】不定冠词 a 后须接可数名词，contradict v. 的名词为 contradiction“矛盾”，a contradiction between A and B 为固定搭配；A、B 分别由两个 what 引导的主语从句充当。句意：诗人在书信中谈论孤独的说法与他在诗里流露的内容之间存在矛盾。 32. 【答案】interpretation　【考点】动词→名词 【解析】形容词性物主代词 Her 后须接名词作主语，interpret v.“演绎，解释”的名词为 interpretation“演绎，理解”。so... that... 引导结果状语从句，其中 who 引导非限制性定语从句。句意：她对这个角色的演绎如此独特，以致与这部戏打了二十年交道的导演也承认自己从未这样理解过。 33. 【答案】interpreter　【考点】动词→名词（人） 【解析】定语从句 who accompanied the foreign delegation 说明先行词指人，interpret 的指人名词为 interpreter“口译员”。have to do sth 表示客观上不得不；without losing their music 是介词短语作状语。句意：随外国代表团同行的口译员必须把诗人的比喻译成英语，又不能失去其中的音韵。 34. 【答案】impatient　【考点】名词→形容词（否定派生） 【解析】grow 在此是系动词，后接形容词；由“从早上一直等到现在”“随着时间过去”可知学生越来越“不耐烦”，故用 patient 的否定形式 impatient。who 引导非限制性定语从句，用过去完成进行时强调等待持续。句意：从早上就一直在等结果的学生们，随着时间一小时一小时过去，越来越不耐烦。 35. 【答案】constantly　【考点】形容词→副词 【解析】空格修饰现在分词 changing（与 changing 一起作定语修饰 weather），须用副词 constantly“不断地”。make it impossible to do sth 中 it 为形式宾语。句意：该地区不断变化的天气使得提前筹划露天展览几乎不可能。 36. 【答案】illogical　【考点】名词→形容词（否定派生） 【解析】seem 后接形容词作表语；由 since 从句“理性无法抵达的心灵部分”可知，要求诗人解释自己的作品是“不合逻辑的”，故用 logical 的否定形式 illogical（il- 用于 l 开头的词）。what he writes 是介词 of 的宾语从句。句意：指望诗人解释自己的作品似乎不合逻辑，因为他写下的许多东西来自理性无法触及的心灵深处。 37. 【答案】logical　【考点】名词→形容词 【解析】be 动词后须接形容词作表语，logic n.“逻辑”的形容词为 logical“合乎逻辑的”，perfectly 修饰该形容词。it 是形式主语，真正主语是两个并列的不定式 to dislike... and to love...；for 引导原因状语从句。句意：初读时不喜欢一首诗、十年后却爱上它，这完全合乎逻辑，因为品味会随阅历而发展。 38. 【答案】perception　【考点】动词→名词 【解析】物主代词 Her 后作主语须用名词，perceive v.“察觉，理解”的名词为 perception“理解，感知”。so... that... 引导结果状语，paused to write it down 中不定式作目的状语。句意：她对这首诗核心意象的理解如此敏锐，连教授都停下来把它记了下来。 39. 【答案】perceptive　【考点】动词→形容词 【解析】空格修饰名词 review，须用形容词；perceive 的形容词 perceptive 意为“敏锐的，有洞察力的”。that even the curator had overlooked 是定语从句修饰 details，用过去完成时表示在“注意到”之前已被忽略。句意：她那篇敏锐的展评注意到了连馆长都忽略的细节。 40. 【答案】realistic　【考点】名词→形容词 【解析】比较级 more 后须接形容词原级，reality n.“现实”的形容词为 realistic“现实的，切合实际的”。what the restoration will actually cost 是介词 of 的宾语从句。句意：在委员会批准预算之前，我们需要对修复实际花费作出更切合实际的估算。 41. 【答案】novelist　【考点】名词→名词（人） 【解析】定冠词 The 后作主语、且由 spent seven years on a single book 可知指“小说家”，novel n.“小说”加后缀 -ist 构成 novelist。refusing to publish... 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。句意：这位小说家在一本书上花了七年，在每一句都令自己满意之前拒绝发表任何东西。 42. 【答案】industrialization　【考点】名词→名词（动词化再派生） 【解析】形容词 rapid 后须接名词，且由“十九世纪后期开始”“改变了地貌”可知指“工业化”这一过程，故用 industrialization。派生链：industry（工业）→ industrial（工业的）→ industrialize（使工业化）→ industrialization（工业化）。not only... but also... 连接两个并列宾语。句意：该地区始于十九世纪后期的快速工业化，不仅改变了地貌，也改变了人们看待世界的方式。 43. 【答案】industrial　【考点】名词→形容词 【解析】空格修饰名词 past，须用形容词 industrial“工业的”。industry 的形容词有两个方向：industrial 指“工业的”，industrious 指“勤奋的”，此处指小镇的工业历史，故用 industrial。that line the canal 是定语从句，line 作动词意为“沿……排列”。句意：这座小镇的工业过往，仍能从沿运河排列的一排排红砖仓库上看出来。 44. 【答案】striking　【考点】动词→形容词 【解析】形容词最高级 the most 后须接形容词，strike v.“给人留下深刻印象”的形容词为 striking“引人注目的”。the way 后省略了 in which/that，it moves... 是修饰 the way 的定语从句。句意：这部小说最引人注目的特点是，它在三代人的声音之间转换而从不使读者混淆。 45. 【答案】characterizes　【考点】名词→动词（主谓一致） 【解析】What 引导主语从句，视为单数，谓语须用第三人称单数；character n.“特征”的动词形式为 characterize“是……的特征”，故填 characterizes。表语 a refusal to describe feelings directly 说明其特征。句意：那个时期诗歌的特点是拒绝直接描写情感。 46. 【答案】stability　【考点】形容词→名词 【解析】定冠词 The 后作主语须用名词，stable adj.“稳定的”的名词为 stability“稳定（性）”。allow sb to do sth 中不定式作宾补；as never before 意为“前所未有地”。句意：那个时期政府的稳定使艺术家和作家得以进行前所未有的尝试。 47. 【答案】tolerance　【考点】动词→名词 【解析】定冠词 The 后作主语须用名词，tolerate vt. 的名词为 tolerance“宽容，容忍”（不可数）。shown by... 是过去分词短语作后置定语，who had expected hostility 是定语从句修饰 everyone。句意：老一辈对这些实验表现出的宽容，让所有原以为会遇到敌意的人感到意外。 48. 【答案】distinguished　【考点】动词→形容词 【解析】空格修饰名词 poet，须用形容词；distinguished 意为“杰出的，卓越的”，是 distinguish 的过去分词转化的形容词。whose 引导非限制性定语从句，主句用被动语态 was invited。句意：这位作品被忽视了几十年的杰出诗人，突然受邀到欧洲各地的诗歌节上朗诵。 49. 【答案】representative　【考点】动词→形容词 【解析】be representative of 意为“是……的代表”，空格处须用形容词 representative。in which it was produced 是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句；with... 是介词短语作状语，补充说明其特点。句意：这幅画以其严谨的透视和拥挤的街景，成为它所处时代的代表。 50. 【答案】implication　【考点】动词→名词 【解析】不定冠词 an 后须接名词，imply v.“暗示”的名词为 implication“含意，暗示”，an implication that... 中 that 引导同位语从句说明其内容。her remark 后也有一个 that 同位语从句。句意：她那句“诗自己会说话”的话里含有一种暗示：评论是不必要的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $