内容正文:
七年级2026—2027学年沪外教版(新教材)英语上学期 Unit 2 Making friends 分层作业
一、作品基础信息
项 目
内 容
作品名称
《以书会友,以诚相交》——沪外教版(2024新教材)七年级英语上册 Unit 2 Making friends 分层作业
学科·教材
英语·沪外教版(2024新教材)七年级上册
单元主题
Unit 2 Making friends(人与社会·社会服务与人际沟通:良好人际关系与人际交往——结交朋友与同伴关系)
作品主题
以书会友,以诚相交(Yǐ Shū Huì Yǒu, Yǐ Chéng Xiāng Jiāo)
适用年级
七年级(2026—2027学年 上学期)
作业类型
单元分层作业(基础巩固—能力提升—拓展创新,含项目式拓展任务)
分层设置
A层 基础巩固(必做)· B层 能力提升(选做)· C层 拓展创新(挑战)
建议时长
A层约15分钟;B层约20分钟;C层为拓展任务,单元学习期间利用课后约1周完成
课标依据
《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》
核心语篇
A Getting ready:社交媒体帖子谈好朋友的品质(good friends make me laugh / look after each other / show kindness / help each other),呈现品质词 caring, helpful, honest, interesting, kind, sharing,并提示动词加 -ing 可构成形容词(a sharing person);Culture link 介绍“高山流水”——俞伯牙与钟子期因琴声相知的知己典故。B Reading and critical thinking:主阅读语篇 An old book, a new friend(陈子豪转学后由孤独到交到朋友的故事),重点训练 scanning(寻读)策略。D Listening and speaking:Sophie 初到新校,打电话向 Amy 请教如何交朋友;提建议功能句 Why don't you ...? / Maybe we should ... / Would you like ...?;发音操练 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /eɪ/ /æ/ /iː/ /e/。E Writing:My best friend(按思维导图写好友的名字、一起做过的事、爱好与性格)。F Project:Best Friend Challenge(交友 Bingo 游戏)。
核心词汇
friend, friendship, friendly, buddy, teenager, caring, helpful, honest, interesting, kind, sharing, lonely, surprised, excited, smile, share, lend, borrow, comic, introduce, greet, meet, know, talk, chat, trust, understand, support, together, activity, challenge, common, spend, join, truly, loyal, secret, lie, truth, forever, problem, country, hobby
重点短语
make friends (with sb.), get to know, introduce oneself, talk with / to sb., chat with sb., share ... with ..., help each other, care about, take care of / look after, be friendly to / towards sb., smile at sb., get along / on with, have ... in common, both ... and ..., come from / be from, would like to do sth., say hello to, learn from, work together, be honest with, keep a secret, tell a lie / tell the truth, be good at
核心语法
一般过去时(the simple past tense)。①规则动词过去式:一般直接加 -ed(show→showed);以不发音的 e 结尾加 -d(decide→decided);以“辅音字母+y”结尾先变 y 为 i 再加 -ed(study→studied);重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ed(stop→stopped)。②高频不规则动词:feel→felt, go→went, have→had, take→took, read→read, make→made, say→said, meet→met, know→knew, am / is→was, are→were, do→did。③实义动词的否定句用 didn't + 动词原形,一般疑问句用 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 ...?;be 动词过去式为 was / were。④常与 yesterday, last night / week / year, the day before yesterday, three days ago, in 2023, at first, one day, that night, the next day 等时间状语连用。
单元核心问题
How can we make friends?(我们怎样才能交到朋友?)
作品成果
“好友品质信息卡”一份+短文 My best friend(约80词)+“交友小贴士”(Tips on Making Friends)海报一页及1分钟英文分享
设计者
________ 审阅人:________
二、设计背景与意图
(一)课标依据
《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》以核心素养为统领,倡导在主题意义引领下,通过“学习理解—应用实践—迁移创新”的英语学习活动观组织教学,落实“学思结合、用创为本”。本作业选取“人与社会”主题范畴下“社会服务与人际沟通”主题群中的“良好人际关系与人际交往”子主题,以“认识新同学—了解好友品质—讲述交友经历—合作完成分享”的真实语言实践为路径,引导学生在用英语交往的过程中实现语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的协同发展。课标要求学生能读懂有关交友的叙事性语篇,能借助时间信息理解事情的发展顺序,能在语境中正确运用一般过去时讲述过去的经历,初步具备用英语主动交往、表达关心、树立真诚友善交友观的意识与能力。
(二)教材分析
本作业对应沪外教版(2024新教材)七年级上册 Unit 2 Making friends。单元属“人与社会”主题范畴,聚焦“结交朋友与同伴关系”,单元核心问题是 How can we make friends?,按 A Getting ready — B Reading and critical thinking — C Grammaring — D Listening and speaking — E Writing — F Project 的板块递进结构编排,主要语言知识如下:
(1)板块一:A Getting ready。以社交媒体帖子导入,网友分别发帖谈好朋友的品质——good friends make me laugh、look after each other、show kindness、help each other,随后呈现品质词 caring, helpful, honest, interesting, kind, sharing,并点明动词加后缀 -ing 可构成形容词(a sharing person)。板块的 Culture link 介绍“高山流水”——俞伯牙与钟子期因琴声相知的故事,体现中华文化对知己之谊的珍视。
(2)语篇一:B Reading and critical thinking 的主阅读 An old book, a new friend。陈子豪转入新学校,起初很孤独,上学路上低着头;一天秦老师在班上读了《三毛流浪记》的故事,他很惊讶——因为爸爸也送过他整套三毛漫画;当晚他决定与同学分享这些书;第二天他把书带到班上,同学嘉怡借走一本,还约他放学后见面,并像老朋友一样叫他 Zihao,他终于交到了朋友。语篇按 lonely→surprised→excited→happy 的情绪变化展开,重点训练 scanning(寻读)找细节的阅读策略。
(3)板块三:C Grammaring(本单元核心语法:一般过去时)。教材借主阅读中的句子——At first, Chen Zihao always felt lonely. / One day he was surprised when Mrs Qin read a story. / That night he decided to share the books. / The next day Chen Zihao showed his books to the class.——引导学生观察划线部分并归纳规则。语法要点分三层:规则动词过去式的构成(加 -ed / -d,辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 再加 -ed,重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ed);不规则动词需单独记忆(feel→felt, go→went, have→had, take→took 等);否定句用 didn't + 动词原形,一般疑问句用 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 ...?,be 动词过去式为 was / were。教材还配有时间标志词 yesterday, last night / week / year, the day before yesterday, three days ago, at first, one day, that night。
(4)板块四:D Listening and speaking。Sophie 即将开始新的学校生活,她打电话向 Amy 求教如何交朋友。Amy 的建议包括:主动与同学一起吃午饭、找同伴一起上学、参加运动队或社团、在社交媒体上关注同学。功能句集中在提建议——Why don't you ...? / Maybe we should ... / Would you like ...?;同时操练 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /eɪ/ /æ/ /iː/ /e/ 的发音。
(5)板块五:E Writing。写作任务为 My best friend,要求按思维导图组织内容——好友的名字、一起做过的事、爱好与性格,并且性格与爱好各写一句一般现在时、一句一般过去时,结尾可用 How lucky I am to have such a good friend!
(6)板块六:F Project。Best Friend Challenge(交友 Bingo 游戏)。学生在班里走动,寻找符合描述的同学并请其签名,在真实的互动中练习本单元的目标语言,体会“友谊始于一次主动开口”。
(7)核心词汇与短语:friend, friendship, friendly, buddy, teenager, caring, helpful, honest, lonely, surprised, share, lend, borrow, comic, introduce, trust, understand, together, challenge, common 等;make friends (with sb.), get to know, share ... with ..., be friendly to / towards sb., get along / on with, have ... in common, both ... and ..., be honest with, keep a secret, tell a lie / tell the truth, would like to do sth. 等。
(8)单元输出:能用英语问候、介绍自己并就兴趣爱好进行简单交流;能用一般过去时讲述自己结交新朋友的经历;能完成 My best friend 短文与交友 Bingo 任务并作展示交流。
(三)学情分析
七年级学生刚升入初中,面对新同学、新班级,有主动交友的真实需求与强烈愿望,“怎样交朋友”这一话题贴近他们的生活,参与热情较高;但语言运用上仍存在明显薄弱环节。
(1)已有基础:小学阶段已积累 hello, hi, I'm ... 等问候表达和少量爱好类词汇,能说简单的自我介绍句,对 be 动词的一般现在时用法有初步感知。
(2)存在困难:一般过去时是初中阶段接触的第一个重要时态,学生普遍不习惯动词变形,容易出现 feel→feeled、go→goed、didn't went 之类的错误;形容词与副词的区分、lonely 与 alone 的辨析、“辅音字母+y”类动词的拼写也不熟练;口语表达时往往只会机械回答,不能自然接话。
(3)心理特点:具象思维仍占优势,乐于参与游戏、角色扮演、小组合作等活动,但注意力集中时间有限;部分学生因基础薄弱存在怕开口、怕说错的畏难情绪,需要设计低门槛、有支架的表达任务。
(四)设计意图
(1)真实情境驱动,任务统领全篇。以“认识新同学、了解好朋友的品质、把自己的交友经历讲给同学听”为情境,把词汇、语法、阅读与写作练习统整到“认识—归纳—表达—分享”这一任务链条中,让学生在“做中学、用中学”。
(2)分层进阶,减负增效。A层为基础巩固,人人必做;B层为能力提升,按需选做;C层为拓展创新,鼓励挑战。三层任务难度递进、彼此关联,允许学生依据自身水平选择,体现差异化与选择性。
(3)文化浸润,价值引领。借助“高山流水”的知己典故与英文交友帖子的对比,引导学生体会中外文化对友谊与真诚的共同珍视,在语言运用中体会“友谊始于一次主动开口”,实现语言学习与价值引导的融合。
(4)以评促学,学评一体。以量规引导学生明确“什么是好文章”“什么是好建议”,在自评、互评中反思改进,形成“学习—表达—评价—改进”的完整学习闭环。
三、作业目标
本作业围绕 Unit 2 的核心语言知识与拓展任务,依据“教—学—评”一致性要求,设定以下目标:
(一)语言能力
①能正确认读并运用本单元核心词汇与短语(caring, helpful, honest, lonely, surprised, buddy, teenager, friendship 等;make friends with, get to know, share ... with ..., be friendly to, get along with, have ... in common, be honest with 等),完成词形变化与语境运用。
②能正确使用一般过去时:掌握规则动词过去式的构成规律与 feel、go、have、take、read、make、say、meet、know 等高频不规则动词的过去式,能正确写出否定句与一般疑问句,并能与 yesterday、last week、... ago 等时间状语搭配使用。
③能读懂 An old book, a new friend 等语篇,运用 scanning(寻读)策略快速查找关键细节,梳理人物情绪变化(lonely→surprised→excited→happy)与事情的发展顺序。
④能仿照思维导图与范文,条理清楚、语言得体地写一篇约80词介绍自己好朋友的短文,并做到一般现在时与一般过去时的正确交替使用。
(二)文化意识
①通过了解“高山流水”的知己典故与英文交友帖子的内容,体会中外文化对友谊与真诚的共同珍视,尊重不同文化背景下交友方式的差异。
②乐于主动与同学交往,能用英语问候、介绍自己、表达关心,在合作中体会“友谊始于一次主动开口”,形成真诚、友善、包容的交友观。
(三)思维品质
①在观察主阅读语篇例句、归纳一般过去时规则的过程中,发展观察、比较与归纳能力。
②借助“故事山”梳理人物的情绪变化与事件的发展顺序,提升按时间顺序叙事、条理清楚的表达能力。
(四)学习能力
①能借助思维导图、句型框架与词库完成短文写作和口头展示,掌握“用时间标志词判断时态”的学习策略。
②能在小组合作与自评互评中倾听他人、反思并调整自己的表达,形成主动开口、不怕出错的英语学习态度。
四、作业内容与目标对应表
本作业按“基础巩固—能力提升—拓展创新”三层递进设计,各层任务与第三部分的作业目标一一对应。其中 A 层人人必做,B 层按需选做,C 层为拓展任务、鼓励挑战。
层级
题号
作业内容
对应目标
建议用时
难度
A层(基础巩固)
A1
核心词汇拼写与词形变化(10题)
语言能力①
约5分钟
★
A2
一般过去时动词填空(8题)
语言能力②
约5分钟
★
A3
单项选择(6题)
语言能力①②
约5分钟
★
B层(能力提升)
B1
语篇填空(10空,改编自课文 An old book, a new friend)
语言能力②③
约8分钟
★★
B2
阅读理解(5题,Friendship Starts with a Smile)
语言能力③ 思维品质①
约7分钟
★★
B3
根据汉语提示完成句子(5题)
语言能力①②
约5分钟
★★
C层(拓展创新)
C1
拓展任务一:调查与整理,完成“好友品质信息卡”
思维品质② 学习能力①
约10分钟
★★★
C2
拓展任务二:撰写短文 My best friend(约80词)
语言能力④ 思维品质②
约20分钟
★★★
C3
拓展任务三:制作“交友小贴士”海报一页并完成1分钟英文分享
文化意识①② 学习能力②
课后1周
★★★
五、作业评价
(一)评价方式与主体
本作业采用“自评+互评+师评”相结合的多元评价方式,做到过程性评价与结果性评价并重。
①自评:学生对照评价量规,为 A、B 两层作业打分,并写下一句学习反思。
②互评:小组成员互相阅读 My best friend 短文、观看“交友小贴士”海报或展示交流,填写互评单,提出一条改进建议。
③师评:教师重点评价 C 层拓展成果,给出等级与针对性评语。
(二)评价量规
评价项目
优秀(A)
良好(B)
待改进(C)
内容与要点(40分)
好友信息准确完整,短文内容充实,能围绕“好朋友的品质与交友经历”展开,事例具体、真实
内容基本准确,要点较清楚,有个别遗漏
内容有明显错误或缺失,偏离主题
语言表达(30分)
语言规范,一般过去时与一般现在时使用准确,能恰当运用本单元目标词汇与短语
语言较通顺,有少量语法或词汇错误
语言错误较多,影响理解
结构与版面(15分)
短文按思维导图组织(名字—一起做的事—爱好—性格),信息卡与海报版面美观、标注清晰
结构基本清楚,版面较整洁
结构混乱,版面杂乱
展示与交流(15分)
发音清晰,表达流利,1分钟内完成,能说明交友建议与理由,有真情实感
表达较流利,偶有停顿
表达不流畅,超时或内容不完整
(三)评分说明
总评得分由三部分按权重合成,计算方式如下(公式使用 Office 公式编辑):
其中 S 为总评得分,A 为基础性(A层)作业得分,B 为提升性(B层)作业得分,C 为拓展性(C层)成果得分。A、B、C 三层均按百分制计分;A 层为必做,未完成者该项不得分;B 层为选做,鼓励人人尝试;C 层为挑战任务,完成即可获得加分。
各层得分的正确率计算方式如下(公式使用 Office 公式编辑):
其中 P 为该层作业的正确率,n 为答对(或达到要求)的题数,N 为该层总题数。P 达到 90% 以上记优秀,75%—89% 记良好,60%—74% 记合格,60% 以下需订正后重新提交。
六、试题详情
(一)A层 基础巩固(必做)
A1 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示,用本单元词汇的正确形式填空。(每空1分,共10分)
1. I made a new friend on my first day at school. We often s________(分享)our books with each other.
2. My best friend is very h________(诚实的); he never tells a lie.
3. Lily feels l________(孤独的)because she has no friends in the new class.
4. Please i________(介绍)yourself to your new classmates.
5. A good friend is someone you can t________(信任).
6. We should be f________(友好的)to the new students in our class.
7. I like making friends with people who have the same h________(爱好)as me.
8. Both of us come from the same c________(国家).
9. He was s________(惊讶的)when he saw so many new books on the desk.
10. Reading can help us u________(理解)other people better.
A2 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空,注意一般过去时的用法。(每空1分,共8分)
1. At first, Chen Zihao ________ (feel) lonely at the new school.
2. One day Mrs Qin ________ (read) a story about Sanmao to the class.
3. That night he ________ (decide) to share his books with his classmates.
4. The next day Chen Zihao ________ (show) his books to the class.
5. Jiang Jiayi ________ (borrow) a book and asked him to meet her after school.
6. They ________ (be) very happy to make new friends.
7. — ________ you ________ (make) a new friend last week? — Yes, I did.
8. At that time he ________ (not know) anyone in the new class.
A3 单项选择。(每题2分,共12分)
1. Lily ________ a new friend at school yesterday.
A. make B. makes C. made D. is making
2. — ________ you ________ the story about Sanmao last night? — Yes, I did.
A. Do; read B. Did; read C. Did; readed D. Are; reading
3. At first, Chen Zihao ________ lonely at the new school.
A. feel B. feels C. felt D. is feeling
4. My best friend is very ________; he never tells a lie.
A. honest B. lonely C. surprised D. common
5. We should ________ our happiness and sadness with our friends.
A. shared B. share C. sharing D. shares
6. Helen is a ________ girl; she always helps others.
A. helpful B. helpless C. lonely D. surprised
(二)B层 能力提升(选做)
B1 阅读下面的短文,根据语境用括号内所给单词的正确形式或用适当的词填空。(每空1分,共10分)
An old book, a new friend
Chen Zihao came to a new school this term. At first, he always (1)________ (feel) lonely. He did not know anyone, so he walked to school with his head down.
One day, Mrs Qin (2)________ (read) a story about Sanmao in class. Chen Zihao was very (3)________ (surprise), because his father had given him the whole set of Sanmao comic books. That night he (4)________ (decide) to share the books with his classmates.
The next day, Chen Zihao (5)________ (bring) his books to the classroom. Jiang Jiayi (6)________ (borrow) one of them and said she would like to talk (7)________ him after school. She called him “Zihao” just like an old friend. From then on, they often (8)________ (share) books and ideas with each other.
“A good friend is someone you can trust,” Chen Zihao said. “I am no longer (9)________ (lonely). An old book brought me a new friend. Now I know that sharing is the best way to (10)________ friends.”
B2 阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容回答问题。(每题2分,共10分)
Friendship Starts with a Smile
Starting at a new school can be hard. You may not know anyone, and you may even feel lonely. But making friends is not as difficult as you think. Here are some tips from Amy, a girl who has just moved to a new city.
First, be brave enough to say hello. A smile and a simple “Hi, I'm Sophie.” can be a good start. Second, do not always sit alone. At lunch time, you can sit with other students and ask them about their hobbies. Third, join a club or a sports team. It is easier to make friends with people who share the same interests with you. Fourth, be a good listener. When your classmates are talking, listen to them carefully and show that you care. Finally, be honest and helpful. A true friend is someone you can trust, and trust is built day by day.
Making friends takes time. Do not worry if you do not find a best friend on your first day. Remember: friendship starts with a smile and a kind heart.
1. How may you feel when you start at a new school?
2. What can you do at lunch time according to the passage?
3. Why is it easier to make friends in a club or a sports team?
4. What kind of person is a true friend?
5. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?
B3 根据汉语提示,用英语完成句子。(每题2分,共10分)
1. 我想和你交朋友。(make friends with)
2. 起初,他在新学校感到很孤独。(at first; feel lonely)
3. 那天晚上他决定和同学们分享他的书。(decide to do; share ... with ...)
4. 你愿意参加我们的英语俱乐部吗?(Would you like to do ...?)
5. 我和我最好的朋友有许多共同之处。(have ... in common)
(三)C层 拓展创新(挑战)
任务情境:新学期开始,班上来了几位新同学,也有人还不认识班里的同伴。请你完成“调查—整理—创作—分享”的完整任务,把自己的好朋友和交友心得介绍给同学,并给还没交到朋友的同伴提出建议。
C1 拓展任务一:调查与整理(完成“好友品质信息卡”)
调查方向(任选其一):①你最好的朋友;②你新结识的一位同学;③你希望结交的朋友。
请通过交流、观察或查阅资料,筛选关键信息,完成下面的“好友品质信息卡”。
好友品质信息卡(My Friend)
内 容
Name(姓名)
____________________
Age / Class(年龄/班级)
____________________
Looks & personality(外貌与性格)
____________________
Hobbies(爱好)
____________________
What we did together(一起做过的事)
____________________
Why we are good friends(成为好友的原因)
____________________
Advice for new classmates(给新同学的交友建议)
____________________
Useful words & phrases(积累的词汇)
____________________
C2 拓展任务二:撰写与表达(My best friend 短文,约80词)
请把你最好的朋友介绍给同学,写一篇英文短文。
①按思维导图的顺序展开:先写出好友的名字,再写你们一起做过的事,接着写他/她的爱好与性格,最后写出你的感受;
②介绍好友的性格与爱好用一般现在时,讲述你们一起做过的事用一般过去时(如 Last Sunday, we went to the library.);
③至少使用本单元3个目标词汇或短语(如 caring, helpful, honest, get along with, share ... with ..., have ... in common, be honest with, make friends with 等),结尾可用 How lucky I am to have such a good friend!
参考句式:My best friend is ... We met ... At first, we ... / He / She is kind and helpful. / He / She likes ... / We often ... together. / Last week, we ... / We have a lot in common. / I am lucky to have such a good friend.
C3 拓展任务三:展示与交流(“交友小贴士”一页+1分钟英文分享)
①为“交友小贴士”(Tips on Making Friends)设计一页海报(手绘或电子版均可),包含:3—5条英文建议(如 Say hello first. / Smile at others. / Share things with your classmates.)、一句寄语(如 “Friendship starts with a smile.”)以及简单的插图。
②面向小组或全班完成1分钟英文分享,说明自己的交友方法以及为什么要主动、真诚地对待朋友;也可与同伴合作,模拟“迎接新同学”的对话。
③录制分享音频或视频上传班级平台(选做)。
七、答案与解析
(一)A层 答案与解析
A1 答案与解析
1. share 解析:share 意为“分享”,share sth. with sb. 表示“与某人分享某物”;句中 often 提示用一般现在时,主语 We 后接动词原形。
2. honest 解析:形容词,“诚实的”;tell a lie 意为“撒谎”,与 honest 形成对照。注意 honest 的 h 不发音,前面用 an。
3. lonely 解析:形容词,“孤独的、寂寞的”,作 feel 的表语;alone 表示“独自一人”,不可用于此处。
4. introduce 解析:动词,“介绍”;introduce oneself to sb. 表示“向某人做自我介绍”,祈使句用动词原形。
5. trust 解析:动词,“信任”;you can trust 是定语从句修饰 someone,情态动词 can 后接动词原形。
6. friendly 解析:形容词,“友好的”;be friendly to / towards sb. 表示“对某人友好”。
7. hobby 解析:名词,“爱好”;the same hobby as me 表示“与我相同的爱好”。
8. country 解析:名词,“国家”;come from the same country 表示“来自同一个国家”。
9. surprised 解析:形容词,“惊讶的”;be surprised 表示“感到惊讶”,修饰人用 -ed 形式。
10. understand 解析:动词,“理解”;help sb. do sth. 表示“帮助某人做某事”,后接动词原形。
A2 答案与解析
1. felt 解析:一般过去时,feel 的过去式为不规则形式 felt。
2. read 解析:一般过去时,read 的过去式拼写不变,但读音由 /riːd/ 变为 /red/。
3. decided 解析:一般过去时,decide 以不发音的 e 结尾,直接加 -d 变为 decided。
4. showed 解析:一般过去时,show 为规则动词,直接加 -ed 变为 showed。
5. borrowed 解析:一般过去时,borrow 为规则动词,直接加 -ed;and 连接两个并列的过去式,故与 asked 一致。
6. were 解析:主语 They 为复数,be 动词的过去式用 were。
7. Did; make 解析:一般疑问句用 Did + 主语 + 动词原形,did 后必须用动词原形 make,不能写成 made。
8. did not know 解析:实义动词的否定句用 did not(didn't)+ 动词原形,know 不能写成 knew。
A3 答案与解析
1. C 解析:yesterday 是一般过去时的标志词,谓语用 make 的过去式 made。
2. B 解析:last night 提示用一般过去时,疑问句由 Did 引导,其后动词用原形 read。
3. C 解析:At first 表示“起初”,讲述过去的事情,用 feel 的过去式 felt。
4. A 解析:由“从不撒谎”可知此处形容人诚实,用 honest;lonely 是“孤独的”,surprised 是“惊讶的”。
5. A 解析:should 为情态动词,后接动词原形 share;share sth. with sb. 表示“与某人分享某物”。
6. A 解析:由“她总是帮助别人”可知形容人乐于助人,用 helpful;helpless 意为“无助的”,与句意相反。
(二)B层 答案与解析
B1 答案与解析
1. felt 解析:At first 表示过去,用 feel 的过去式 felt。
2. read 解析:One day 表示过去,用 read 的过去式,拼写不变。
3. surprised 解析:be 动词后接形容词作表语,修饰人用 surprised。
4. decided 解析:That night 表示过去的某个晚上,用 decide 的过去式 decided。
5. brought 解析:The next day 表示过去,用 bring 的过去式 brought(不规则变化)。
6. borrowed 解析:与前文时间一致,用 borrow 的过去式 borrowed。
7. with 解析:talk with sb. 表示“与某人交谈”,填介词 with。
8. share 解析:often 提示此处描写现在的习惯,用一般现在时,主语 they 后接动词原形 share。
9. lonely 解析:be 动词后接形容词作表语,no longer lonely 表示“不再孤独”。
10. make 解析:the best way to do sth. 表示“做某事最好的方法”,make friends 意为“交朋友”。
B2 答案与解析
1. You may feel lonely. 解析:由第一段 “you may even feel lonely” 可知,到新学校可能会感到孤独。
2. You can sit with other students and ask them about their hobbies. 解析:由 “At lunch time, you can sit with other students and ask them about their hobbies.” 可知。
3. Because you can meet people who share the same interests with you. 解析:由 “It is easier to make friends with people who share the same interests with you.” 可知。
4. A true friend is someone you can trust. 解析:由第四点 “A true friend is someone you can trust” 可知;也可答“一个值得信任的人”。
5. Friendship starts with a smile and a kind heart. 解析:最后一段点明主旨——友谊始于微笑与善意的心(交友需要时间,不必心急)。
B3 答案与解析
1. I want to make friends with you. 解析:make friends with sb. 表示“与某人交朋友”,friends 必须用复数。
2. At first, he felt lonely at the new school. 解析:at first 意为“起初”;feel 的过去式为 felt,lonely 作表语。
3. That night he decided to share his books with his classmates. 解析:decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”;share sth. with sb. 表示“与某人分享某物”。
4. Would you like to join our English club? 解析:Would you like to do sth.? 表示“你愿意做某事吗?”;join 后直接接组织、团体。
5. I have a lot in common with my best friend. 解析:have ... in common with sb. 表示“与某人有……共同之处”,也可写作 My best friend and I have a lot in common.
(三)C层 评价要点与参考示例
C1 评价要点
①好友信息准确完整,信息卡各栏填写齐全;②能筛选并整理关键信息;③能主动积累描述好友、表达交友建议的词汇与句式。
C2 参考范文
My best friend
My best friend is Li Hua. We met on the first day of this term, when he sat next to me in the classroom. At first, we were both a little shy, but soon we became good friends.
Li Hua is a kind and helpful boy. He is good at maths and often helps me with my homework. He likes playing basketball, and we play together after school every day. Last Sunday, we went to the library and read books for two hours. He is also fond of comic books, just like me.
We have a lot in common, and we are honest with each other. I truly believe that a friend is someone you can trust and share with. How lucky I am to have such a good friend!
C3 评价要点
①海报要素齐全,插图清晰,建议具体可行、语言正确;②分享内容与海报一致,能正确使用一般过去时讲述经历,1分钟内完成;③分工明确,能倾听他人并给出建议。
C4 单元高频易错点提示
①一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态,常与 yesterday、last night / week / year、the day before yesterday、... ago、in 2023、at first、one day 等时间状语连用。看到这些标志词,谓语动词要用过去式。
②规则动词过去式的构成:一般直接加 -ed(show→showed, walk→walked);以不发音的 e 结尾直接加 -d(decide→decided, like→liked);以“辅音字母+y”结尾先变 y 为 i 再加 -ed(study→studied, worry→worried);重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ed(stop→stopped, plan→planned)。
③不规则动词需单独记忆:feel→felt, go→went, have→had, take→took, read→read(读音变化), make→made, say→said, meet→met, know→knew, am / is→was, are→were, do→did。
④实义动词的否定句与疑问句要借助助动词 did,且 did 后动词一律用原形:He didn't know anyone.(不能写成 didn't knew)/Did you make a new friend?(不能写成 Did you made)。
⑤be 动词的过去式为 was / were,否定式为 was not(wasn't)/were not(weren't),一般疑问句直接把 was / were 提到句首,不能借助 did:Was he lonely at first?(不能写成 Did he was lonely?)。
⑥易混词辨析:lonely 是形容词,表示“孤独的、寂寞的”,可作表语或定语;alone 可作形容词或副词,表示“独自(的)”,只作表语或状语。share sth. with sb. 中不能用 to 代替 with;make friends with sb. 中 friends 必须用复数。
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